Agricultural Chemical Usage, 2001 The 2001 Chemical Use Summaries for Fruit and Field Crops and the 2000 Nursery and Floriculture Chemical Use Summary provide pesticide use data on 6 Michigan fruit crops, corn, and 12 nursery and floriculture production categories. Michigan State University's Project Generating Research and Extension to meet Environmental and Economic Needs (GREEEN) funded the data collection for sweet cherries, grapes, and peaches to maintain the published data series for those crops. Fruit chemical use statistics are published every other year alternating with vegetable chemical use statistics. This is the first publication of nursery and floriculture chemical use statistics, which provide the percentage of operations reporting an active ingredient. The tables include only a partial listing of the reported active ingredients. The entire series of chemical usage statistics since 1990 for Michigan and the United States can be found at http://www.usda.gov/nass. A list of associated trade names is provided following the chemical application tables as an aid in reviewing the data. The list does not mean to imply use of any specific trade name. Apples: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number -- Pounds per acre -- 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D : 3 1.0 0.54 0.59 0.7 2,4-D, Dimeth, salt : 14 1.3 0.53 0.69 4.2 Diuron : 14 1.0 0.75 0.80 5.0 Glyphosate : 29 1.5 0.48 0.73 9.4 Norflurazon : 1 1.4 0.40 0.60 0.4 Paraquat : 16 1.2 0.38 0.47 3.3 Simazine : 10 1.0 1.03 1.11 4.9 Terbacil : 10 1.0 0.26 0.27 1.3 : Insecticides : Abamectin : 13 1.0 0.01 0.01 0.1 Azinphos-methyl : 87 3.6 0.63 2.30 89.6 Benzoic acid : 46 2.1 0.18 0.37 7.5 Bt (Bacillus thur.) 2/ : 14 1.9 Carbaryl : 39 1.5 0.90 1.35 23.5 Chlorpyrifos : 61 1.2 1.02 1.29 34.7 Clofentezine : 8 1.0 0.12 0.13 0.4 Dimethoate : 6 2.9 0.67 1.97 5.4 Endosulfan : 14 1.1 0.91 1.09 7.0 Esfenvalerate : 43 1.3 0.03 0.05 0.9 Fenpropathrin : 38 1.5 0.22 0.34 5.8 Hexythiazox : 7 1.1 0.09 0.10 0.3 Imidacloprid : 49 1.4 0.06 0.08 1.8 Indoxacarb : 3/ 1.2 0.09 0.11 4/ Methomyl : 17 1.3 0.66 0.90 6.8 Permethrin : 21 1.1 0.12 0.14 1.3 Petroleum distillate : 26 1.2 15.31 19.46 225.0 Phosmet : 76 2.8 1.18 3.41 115.6 Pyridaben : 38 1.1 0.15 0.18 2.9 Tebufenozide : 4 1.2 0.20 0.26 0.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Apples: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number -- Pounds per acre -- 1,000 lbs : Fungicides : Basic copper sulfate : 8 1.9 0.52 1.03 3.5 Benomyl : 21 1.6 0.19 0.31 2.9 Calcium polysulfide : 4 1.9 4.72 9.23 15.3 Captan : 91 5.3 1.74 9.34 376.6 Copper hydroxide : 22 1.2 1.71 2.07 20.2 Copper oxychlo. sul. : 12 1.2 2.11 2.61 13.6 Copper oxychloride : 7 1.4 2.17 3.19 9.6 Copper sulfate : 10 1.3 1.64 2.14 9.4 Cyprodinil : 22 1.6 0.14 0.22 2.1 Dodine : 3/ 1.5 1.50 2.26 0.8 Fenarimol : 14 2.4 0.05 0.12 0.7 Kresoxim-methyl : 36 1.8 0.11 0.21 3.4 Mancozeb : 66 3.6 2.41 8.78 257.7 Metiram : 27 3.4 2.43 8.31 99.2 Myclobutanil : 40 2.9 0.09 0.28 4.9 Oxytetracycline : 3 2.5 0.25 0.63 0.9 Streptomycin : 42 1.9 0.22 0.42 8.0 Sulfur : 40 3.7 3.26 12.25 216.2 Thiram : 10 2.4 1.88 4.53 20.4 Triadimefon : 22 2.2 0.06 0.13 1.3 Trifloxystrobin : 37 1.9 0.06 0.11 1.8 Ziram : 45 2.6 2.40 6.39 128.4 : Other chemicals : Benzyladenine : 11 1.0 0.03 0.03 0.1 Butenic acid hydro. : 2 1.0 0.07 0.08 0.1 Gibberellic acid : 6 1.3 0.02 0.02 4/ Gibberellins A4A7 : 11 1.0 0.00 0.00 4/ NAA : 26 1.4 0.03 0.05 0.5 Prohexadione calcium : 5 1.0 0.27 0.27 0.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 2001 for Michigan were 44,000 acres. 2/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 3/ Area applied is less than one percent. 4/ Total applied is less than 50 lbs. Blueberries: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Diuron : 29 1.2 0.70 0.84 4.2 Glyphosate : 29 1.3 0.41 0.56 2.8 Hexazinone : 5 1.0 0.41 0.42 0.4 Paraquat : 13 1.2 0.22 0.27 0.6 Simazine : 28 1.1 1.20 1.37 6.6 : Insecticides : Azinphos-methyl : 70 1.9 0.54 1.06 12.8 Bt (Bacillus thur.) 2/ : 6 1.4 Carbaryl : 35 1.9 1.56 3.09 18.8 Esfenvalerate : 13 1.4 0.04 0.06 0.1 Imidacloprid : 3 1.0 0.08 0.09 3/ Malathion : 42 2.2 1.81 4.15 30.3 Phosmet : 73 2.2 0.84 1.91 24.5 : Fungicides : Benomyl : 63 1.9 0.48 0.96 10.6 Captan : 60 3.0 2.05 6.27 65.5 Chlorothalonil : 26 1.2 2.68 3.36 15.2 Fenbuconazole : 33 1.6 0.09 0.14 0.8 Fosetyl-al : 7 2.1 3.48 7.50 8.8 Ziram : 50 2.3 2.54 5.93 51.8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 2001 for Michigan were 17,400 acres. 2/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 3/ Total applied is less than 50 lbs. Cherries, sweet: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number -- Pounds per acre -- 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D, Dimeth. salt : 13 1.2 1.02 1.30 1.2 Glyphosate : 40 1.1 0.66 0.74 2.2 Paraquat : 21 1.2 0.34 0.42 0.7 Simazine : 16 1.0 1.23 1.24 1.5 : Insecticides : Azinphos-methyl : 89 3.1 0.50 1.59 10.4 Carbaryl : 36 1.1 2.14 2.52 6.7 Chlorpyrifos : 5 1.0 0.50 0.50 0.2 Esfenvalerate : 50 1.6 0.03 0.05 0.2 Permethrin : 37 2.1 0.12 0.25 0.7 : Fungicides : Benomyl : 15 1.6 0.43 0.70 0.8 Captan : 20 2.0 1.64 3.39 5.1 Chlorothalonil : 72 1.8 1.94 3.54 18.9 Copper hydroxide : 10 1.2 1.70 2.15 1.6 Dodine : 3 1.5 0.53 0.83 0.2 Fenbuconazole : 57 3.5 0.08 0.27 1.1 Ferbam : 37 2.3 1.96 4.67 12.9 Iprodione : 9 1.0 0.91 0.91 0.6 Myclobutanil : 12 1.3 0.08 0.11 0.1 Sulfur : 78 4.8 4.96 23.99 137.7 Tebuconazole : 62 3.2 0.15 0.48 2.2 Ziram : 24 2.0 2.11 4.40 7.7 : Other chemicals : Ethephon : 69 1.1 0.45 0.50 2.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 2001 for Michigan were 7,400 acres. Cherries, tart: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number -- Pounds per acre -- 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D : 1 1.1 0.59 0.68 0.2 2,4-D, Dimeth. salt : 15 1.0 0.74 0.81 3.2 Diuron : 2 1.1 0.97 1.13 0.7 Glyphosate : 45 1.0 0.49 0.53 6.5 Paraquat : 24 1.0 0.27 0.28 1.9 Simazine : 35 1.0 0.69 0.72 6.9 : Insecticides : Azinphos-methyl : 89 2.7 0.49 1.35 33.1 Carbaryl : 7 1.2 1.53 1.88 3.6 Chlorpyrifos : 8 1.1 0.69 0.82 1.8 Permethrin : 17 2.3 0.14 0.33 1.5 Phosmet : 70 1.7 0.96 1.67 31.9 Pyridaben : 2 1.0 0.20 0.20 0.1 : Fungicides : Benomyl : 5 1.6 0.28 0.45 0.6 Calcium polysulfide : 2 1.9 2.86 5.61 3.8 Captan : 26 3.0 1.15 3.46 25.1 Chlorothalonil : 96 2.3 1.74 4.11 108.4 Copper oxychlo. sul. : 5 2.1 1.83 3.95 5.0 Dodine : 20 3.4 0.50 1.70 9.5 Fenbuconazole : 46 2.4 0.08 0.19 2.4 Myclobutanil : 30 2.2 0.07 0.15 1.2 Sulfur : 90 4.9 3.69 18.25 450.1 Tebuconazole : 83 3.4 0.12 0.41 9.2 Ziram : 5 2.7 2.45 6.70 9.2 : Other chemicals : Ethephon : 78 1.1 0.20 0.24 5.1 Gibberellic acid : 38 1.2 0.05 0.06 0.7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 2001 for Michigan were 27,400 acres. Grapes, all: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Glyphosate : 78 1.1 0.56 0.66 6.3 Paraquat : 71 1.4 0.35 0.50 4.4 Simazine : 38 1.2 0.81 0.99 4.6 : Insecticides : Azinphos-methyl : 41 1.5 0.60 0.90 4.5 Carbaryl : 58 2.2 1.11 2.50 17.8 Fenpropathrin : 52 1.7 0.16 0.28 1.8 Phosmet : 17 1.5 1.10 1.75 3.6 : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 28 1.2 0.20 0.26 0.9 Captan : 3 2.2 1.66 3.67 1.3 Copper hydroxide : 12 1.0 0.66 0.70 1.0 Cyprodinil : 2 1.2 0.46 0.58 0.1 Iprodione : 3 2.1 0.84 1.77 0.5 Mancozeb : 95 3.0 2.24 6.71 78.4 Metalaxyl : 16 1.2 0.14 0.18 0.4 Myclobutanil : 33 1.9 0.09 0.17 0.7 Tebuconazole : 55 2.0 0.11 0.22 1.5 Triadimefon : 6 1.5 0.11 0.16 0.1 Ziram : 85 2.3 2.51 5.83 60.6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 2001 for Michigan were 12,300 acres. Peaches: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number -- Pounds per acre -- 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D, Dimeth.salt : 6 1.1 0.31 0.37 0.1 Diuron : 17 1.1 0.75 0.87 0.7 Glyphosate : 21 1.3 0.48 0.63 0.6 Paraquat : 43 1.1 0.29 0.34 0.7 Simazine : 9 1.0 0.98 1.00 0.4 Terbacil : 18 1.0 0.28 0.28 0.2 : Insecticides : Azinphos-methyl : 48 2.8 0.68 1.93 4.1 Carbaryl : 41 1.9 1.47 2.89 5.3 Chlorpyrifos : 12 1.2 2.53 3.06 1.6 Endosulfan : 40 1.8 0.77 1.43 2.6 Esfenvalerate : 79 2.5 0.04 0.09 0.3 Methomyl : 17 1.8 0.45 0.81 0.6 Permethrin : 34 2.5 0.11 0.29 0.5 Phosmet : 40 1.9 1.05 2.04 3.7 : Fungicides : Basic copper sulfate : 5 1.0 0.96 0.96 0.2 Benomyl : 8 2.0 0.30 0.62 0.2 Captan : 45 2.9 1.69 5.02 10.2 Chlorothalonil : 16 1.3 2.04 2.78 2.0 Copper hydroxide : 8 1.1 1.77 2.02 0.7 Copper oxychlo. sul. : 16 1.0 2.73 2.91 2.1 Copper oxychloride : 4 1.0 2.25 2.25 0.4 Copper sulfate : 7 1.1 1.77 2.09 0.7 Fenbuconazole : 82 2.9 0.09 0.27 1.0 Ferbam : 7 1.0 3.58 3.82 1.3 Myclobutanil : 12 2.2 0.09 0.20 0.1 Oxytetracycline : 28 2.5 0.16 0.40 0.5 Propiconazole : 27 1.7 0.10 0.18 0.2 Sulfur : 78 4.6 5.72 26.45 92.3 Tebuconazole : 11 3.3 0.15 0.50 0.3 Thiophanate-methyl : 8 1.0 0.51 0.55 0.2 Ziram : 16 1.1 3.37 3.93 2.9 : Other chemicals : E-8 Dodecenyl acetate : 12 1.0 0.001 0.001 2/ Octadecadien (E,Z) 3/ : 11 1.1 2/ Octadecadien (Z,Z) : 11 1.1 0.01 0.01 2/ Z-8 Dodecanol 3/ : 12 1.0 2/ Z-8 Dodecen acetate : 12 1.0 0.01 0.01 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 2001 for Michigan were 4,500 acres. 2/ Total applied is less than 50 lbs. 3/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are too small. Nursery propagation or lining out stock: Percent of nursery operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,4-D, Dimeth. salt : 14 Acephate 8 Chlorothalonil 14 Alk. dim. benzyl 50% 4 Dicamba, Dimet. salt : 14 Azinphos-methyl 9 Etridiazole 12 Alk. dim. benzyl 60% 7 Glyphosate : 40 Bifenthrin 19 Fosetyl-al 19 Alk. dim. eth. benz. 7 Isoxaben : 21 Carbaryl 16 Mancozeb 21 Indolebutyric acid 6 MCPP, DMA salt : 14 Chlorpyrifos 35 Mefenoxam 7 Methyl bromide 7 MSMA : 14 Diazinon 15 Thiophanate-methyl 36 NAA 6 Oryzalin : 23 Diflubenzuron 6 Oxyfluorfen : 20 Lindane 6 : Malathion 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Coniferous evergreens: Percent of nursery operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,4-D : 5 Acephate 6 Benomyl 3 Diphacinone 2 Atrazine : 7 Bifenthrin 13 Captan 5 Metam-sodium 1 Clopyralid : 6 Carbaryl 27 Chlorothalonil 11 Methyl bromide 3 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 8 Chlorpyrifos 16 Copper hydroxide 2 Zinc phosphide 1 Glyphosate : 49 Hexythiazox 7 Etridiazole 2 Isoxaben : 6 Lindane 6 Mancozeb 5 Oryzalin : 10 Malathion 11 Myclobutanil 2 Oxyfluorfen : 16 Petroleum distillate 10 Thiophanate-methyl 7 Simazine : 22 Piperonyl butoxide 7 Trifluralin : 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Deciduous shade trees: Percent of nursery operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,4-D : 2 Acephate 20 Captan 7 Bitrex 2 Clopyralid : 2 Carbaryl 29 Chlorothalonil 4 Butyl mercaptan 2 Glyphosate : 30 Chlorpyrifos 19 Copper hydroxide 4 Capsaicin 2 Isoxaben : 9 Diazinon 14 Mancozeb 4 Metaldehyde 5 Oryzalin : 12 Dicofol 7 Pelargonic acid 2 Oxyfluorfen : 4 Imidacloprid 7 Paraquat : 4 Malathion 13 Prodiamine : 3 Petroleum distillate 16 Simazine : 6 Petroleum oil 8 Trifluralin : 4 Potassium salts 8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Deciduous flowering trees: Percent of nursery operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Glyphosate : 47 Acephate 19 Chlorothalonil 16 Capsaicin 3 Isoxaben : 7 Carbaryl 24 Copper hydroxide 6 Oryzalin : 19 Chlorpyrifos 3 Etridiazole 13 Oxfluorfen : 9 Cyfluthrin 5 Fenarimol 7 Pendimethalin : 3 Diazinon 3 Mancozeb 9 Prodiamine : 3 Dicofol 3 Mefenoxam 13 Sethoxydim : 3 Diflubenzuron 3 PCNB 13 Simazine : 13 Dimethoate 6 Propiconazole 7 Trifluralin : 5 Lindane 3 Thiophanate-methyl 35 : Malathion 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Deciduous shrubs and other ornamentals: Percent of nursery operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Clopyralid : 5 Acephate 21 Chlorothalonil 16 Hydrogen peroxide 3 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 Bifenthrin 14 Copper hydroxide 12 Indolebutyric acid 11 Glyphosate : 21 Carbaryl 24 Fludioxonil 8 Metaldehyde 6 Isoxaben : 21 Chlorpyrifos 16 Mancozeb 19 NAA 11 Oryzalin : 25 Cyfluthrin 13 Mefenoxam 6 Pelargonic acid 13 Oxadiazon : 6 Diflubenzuron 10 Myclobutanil 6 Zinc phosphide 5 Oxyfluorfen : 25 Imidacloprid 13 Potassium bicarbon 6 Prodiamine : 6 Lindane 7 Propiconazole 10 Simazine : 10 Malathion 15 Thiophanate-methyl 26 Trifluralin : 23 Petroleum oil 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Christmas trees: Percent of nursery operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Atrazine : 12 Azinphos-methyl 7 Benomyl 4 Clopyralid : 10 Carbaryl 35 Chlorothalonil 33 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 Chlorpyrifos 49 Copper (metallic) 1 Glyphosate : 49 Cyfluthrin 13 Copper hydroxide 1 Hexazinone : 18 Diflubenzuron 10 Copper resinate 1 Oryzalin : 9 Lindane 15 Mancozeb 9 Oxyfluorfen : 10 Malathion 12 Thiophanate-methyl 1 Pendimethalin : 10 Oxydemeton-methyl 7 Triadimefon 6 Simazine : 30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. 2/ None reported. Cut flowers: Percent of floriculture operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bromoxynil : 4 Abamectin 19 Butanone 28 Capsaicin 4 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 4 Acephate 46 Captan 15 Hydrogen peroxide 4 Glyphosate : 19 Bifenthrin 19 Chlorothalonil 7 Isoxaben : 3 Endosulfan 11 Copper sulfate 11 Metolachlor : 4 Etridiazole 8 Oryzalin : 11 Iprodione 7 Trifluralin : 39 PCNB 12 : Thiophanate-methyl 22 : Trichoderma harz. 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Flowering plants: Percent of floriculture operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ammonium benzadox : 3 Abamectin 33 Chlorothalonil 14 Ancymidol 7 Atrazine : 1 Acephate 23 Copper sulfate 10 Benzyladenine 3 : Azadirachtin 18 Etridiazole 31 Chlormequat chloride 26 : Bifenthrin 15 Fenhexamid 6 Daminozide 24 : Chlorpyrifos 22 Fludioxonil 16 Ethephon 21 : Cyfluthrin 19 Fosetyl-al 7 Gibberellins A4A7 3 : Endosulfan 13 Iprodione 7 Hydrogen peroxide 7 : Fluvalinate 13 Mefenoxam 21 Paclobutrazol 28 : Imidacloprid 59 PCNB 11 Uniconazole 6 : Spinosad 21 Thiophanate-methyl 36 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Bedding plants: Percent of floriculture operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ammonium benzadox : 1 Abamectin 33 Chlorothalonil 19 Alk. dim. benzyl 60% 1 Glyphosate : 2 Acephate 32 Etridiazole 32 Alk. dim. eth. benz. 1 : Azadirachtin 8 Fludioxonil 12 Ancymidol 3 : Bifenthrin 11 Iprodione 13 Chlormequat chloride 23 : Chlorpyrifos 22 Mancozeb 9 Daminozide 43 : Cyfluthrin 13 Mefenoxam 20 Ethephon 10 : Fluvalinate 9 Metalaxyl 7 Hydrogen peroxide 4 : Imidacloprid 24 PCNB 9 Methyl bromide 2 : Pymetrozine 10 Thiophanate-methyl 43 Paclobutrazol 24 : Spinosad 17 Vinclozolin 7 Uniconazole 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Foliage plants: Percent of floriculture operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Glyphosate : 6 Abamectin 27 Chlorothalonil 8 Daminozide 2 : Acephate 23 Copper sulfate 6 Ethephon 13 : Bifenthrin 26 Etridiazole 27 Gibberellic acid 6 : Bt (Bacillus thur.) 14 Iprodione 6 Gliocladium virens 6 : Chlorpyrifos 14 Mancozeb 6 Hydrogen peroxide 8 : Diazinon 13 Mefenoxam 5 Indolebutyric acid 8 : Fluvalinate 24 PCNB 6 : Imidacloprid 25 Piperalin 6 : S-Kinoprene 12 Thiophanate-methyl 21 : Trichoderma harz. 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Floriculture propagation material: Percent of floriculture operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Isoxaben : 6 Chlorpyrifos 24 Chlorothalonil 10 Ancymidol 24 S-Metolachlor : 6 Diflubenzuron 5 Copper sulfate 31 Chlormequat chloride 10 : Fluvalinate 6 Etridiazole 9 Daminozide 15 : Imidacloprid 18 Fenhexamid 5 Hydrogen peroxide 6 : Methiocarb 5 Fludioxonil 9 Indolebutyric acid 10 : Petroleum distillate 6 Mefenoxam 4 NAA 10 : Spinosad 5 Myclobutanil 5 Paclobutrazol 15 : PCNB 5 : Thiophanate 6 : Thiophanate-methyl 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Herbaceous perennials: Percent of floriculture operations using an active ingredient, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Herbicides : Insecticides : Fungicides : Other chemicals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Active : : Active : : Active : : Active : ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent: ingredient :Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,4-D : 4 Abamectin 12 Chlorothalonil 26 Daminozide 8 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 5 Acephate 24 Etridiazole 12 Hydrogen peroxide 5 Glyphosate : 6 Azadirachtin 15 Fenhexamid 10 Metaldehyde 4 Isoxaben : 4 Bifenthrin 18 Fludioxonil 5 Paclobutrazol 9 Oryzalin : 8 Chlorpyrifos 15 Iprodione 6 Pelargonic acid 8 Oxyfluorfen : 2 Cinnamaldehyde 19 Mefenoxam 15 Uniconazole 3 Prodiamine : 4 Diflubenzuron 13 PCNB 9 Trifluralin : 2 Imidacloprid 14 Thiophanate-methyl 42 : Spinosad 17 Trichoderma harz. 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Most commonly used active ingredients. Corn: Agricultural chemical applications, 2001 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total chemical : applied :Applications:application : crop year : applied ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 10 1.0 0.52 0.52 111 Acetochlor : 27 1.0 1.68 1.68 996 Altrazine : 69 1.0 1.23 1.28 1,940 Clopyralid : 22 1.0 0.09 0.09 46 Dicamba : 13 1.0 0.23 0.24 70 Dicamba, Dimet, salt : 3 1.0 0.08 0.08 5 Diflufenzopyr-sodium : 3 1.0 0.03 0.03 2 Dimethenamid : 5 1.0 1.04 1.04 111 Flumetsulam : 23 1.0 0.04 0.04 18 Glyphosate : 15 1.0 0.82 0.85 272 Metolachlor : 6 1.0 1.33 1.33 183 Nicosulfuron : 9 1.0 0.02 0.02 3 Pendimethalin : 7 1.0 0.88 0.88 142 Rimsulfuron : 7 1.0 0.01 0.01 2 S-Metolachlor : 26 1.0 1.21 1.21 696 : Insecticides : Chlorpyrifos : 9 1.0 1.01 1.01 191 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2001 were 2.20 million acres. Corn: Fertilizer applications, 2001 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Fertilizer :Symbol: applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent Number Pounds per acre Million pounds : : Nitrogen : N : 91 1.9 65 125 251.3 Phosphate : P2O5 : 78 1.0 48 50 85.9 Potash : K2O : 78 1.2 80 102 175.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2001 were 2.20 million acres. Herbicides: Common and trade names by class Common name Trade name 2, 4-D several names 2, 4-D, Dimeth. salt Green Light, Riverdale, Saber, Trimec, Weedar, Weedaxe Acetochlor Degree Xtra, Double Play, Field Master, Harness, Harness Plus, Surpass, TopNotch Ammonium benzadox Topcide Atrazine several names Bromoxynil Buctril Clopyralid Accent Gold, Confront, Curtail, Hornet, Lontrel, Stinger Dicamba Banvel, Celebrity, Clarity, Fallow Master, North Star, OpTill, Resolve, Weedmaster Dicamba, Dimeth. salt Distinct, Green Light, Riverdale, Sterling, Trimec Diflufenzopyr-sodium Celebrity Plus, Distinct Dimethenamid Guardsman, Frontier, LeadOff, OpTill Diuron Direx, Diuron, Karmex, Krovar, Sprakil Fluazifop-P-butyl Fusilade, Fusion, Ornamec Flumetsulam Accent Gold, Bicep Magnum, Broadstike, Frontrow, Hornet, Python Glyphosate several names Hexazinone Velpar Isoxaben Gallery, Snapshot MCPP, DMA, salt Green Light, Trimec Metolachlor Bicep, Dual, Dual II, Pennant, Turbo MSMA MSMA Nicosulfuron Accent, Accent Gold, Basis Gold, Celebrity, Steadfast Norflurazon Solicam Oryzalin Rout, Snapshot, Surflan Oxadiazon Pre Pair, Regal, RegalStar, Ronstar Oxyfluorfen Goal, OH 2, Regal, Rout Paraquat Cyclone, Gramoxone Pendimethalin Corral, OH 2, Pendimax, Pendulum, Prowl, Pursuit Plus, Squadron, Steel, Stomp Prodiamine Barricade, Factor, RegalStar, Regalkade Rimsulfuron Accent Gold, Basis, Basis Gold, Matrix, Steadfast S-Metolachlor several names Sethoxydim Poast, Torpedo, Vantage Simazine Caliber, Princep, Sim-Trol, Simazine Terbacil Sinbar Trifluralin Preen, Snapshot, Treflan, Trifluralin, Trilin Insecticides: Common and trade names by class Common name Trade name Abamectin Agri-Mek, Avid, Clinch Ant Bait, Zephyr Acephate Orthene, Payload Azadirachtin several names Azinphos-methyl Azinphos-M, Guthion, Sniper Bt (Bacillus thur.) several names Benzoic acid Intrepid Bifenthrin Attain, Brigade, Capture, Talstar Carbaryl Agway Fruit Tree Spray, Carbaryl, Sevin Chlorpyrifos several names Cinnamaldehyde Cinnamite, Valero Clofentezine Apollo, Ovation Cyfluthrin Baythroid, Decathlon, Duraplex, Tempo Diazinon Diazinon, Knox Out, Spectracide, Spectracide 25 Dicofol Dicofol, Kelthane Diflubenzuron Adept, Dimilin, Micromite Dimethoate Cygon, Digon, Dimate, Dimethoate Endosulfan Endocide, Endosulfan, Phaser, Thiodan Esfenvalerate Asana Fenpropathrin Danitol, Tame Fluvalinate Mavrik Hexythiazox Hexygon, Savey Imidaclopid Admire, Marathon, Merit, Provado Indoxacarb Avaunt Lindane Isotox, Lindane Malathion Agway Fruit Tree Spray, Cythion, Fyfanon, Green Devil, Malathion Methiocarb Mesurol Methomyl Lannate Oxydemeton-methyl Metasystox-R Permethrin Ambush, Astro, Hot Shot, LastCall, Pounce Petroleum distillate several names Petroleum oil Damoil Dormant Oil Spray Phosmet Imidan Piperonyl butoxide several names Potassium salts several names Pymetrozine Endeaver Pyridaben Nexter, Pyramite, Sanmite S-Kinoprene Enstar II Spinosad Conserve, NAF-550 Fruit Fly Bait, SpinTor, Success, Tracer Tebufenozide Confirm Fungicides: Common and trade names by class Common name Trade name Azoxystrobin Abound, Heritage, ICIA5504, Quadris Basic copper sulfate several names Benomyl Benlate, Benomyl Butanone Strike Calcium polysulfide Lime Sulfur Solution, Orthorix, Polysul, Sulforix Captan Agway Fruit Spray, Captan, Captec Chlorothalonil several names Copper hydroxide several names Copper (metallic) Bordeaux Copper oxychloride C-O-C-S, Microsperse Copper oxy. sulfate C-O-C-S, Copodust, Oxycop Copper resinate Camelot, Copper Fungicide, Tenn-Cop Copper sulfate Basicop, Bluestone, Copper Sulfate, Magna-Bon, Pro- Teck, Phyton, Polydex Cyprodinil Switch, Vangurad Dodine Cyprex, Dodine, Syllit Etridiazole Banrot, Terraclor, Truban Fenarimol Lesco, Rubigon Fenbuconazole Enable, Indar Fenhexamid Decree, Elevate Ferbam Carbamate, Ferbam Fludioxonil Medallion, Switch Fosetyl-al Aliette, Prodigy Iprodione Benefit, Chipco, Rovral Kresoxim-methyl Cygnus, Sovran Mancozeb several names Mefenoxam Flouronil, Quell, Ridomil, Subdue Metalaxyl Pythium, Ridomil, Subdue Metiram Polyram Myclobutanil Eagle, Laredo, Nova, Rally, RH-144228, Systhane Oxytetracycline Mycoshield PCNB Defend, PCNB, Terraclor, Terraguard, Turfcide Piperalin Pipron Potassium bicarbonate Armicarb, FirstStep, Kaligreen Propiconazole Banner, Orbit, Tilt Streptomycin Agri-Mycin, Streptomycin Sulfur several names Tebuconazole Elite, Folicur Thiophanate Banrot, Cleary, Consyst, Fungo Thiophanate-methyl Duosan, Fungo Flo, Systec, Topsin, Zyban Thiram Rootone, Thiram Triadimefon Bayleton, Reach Trichoderma harzianum Planter Box, PlantShield, RootShield Trifloxystrobin Compass, Flint Vinclozolin Curalan, Ornalin, Ronilan, Vorlan Ziram Ziram Other Chemicals Common Name Trade Name Alk. dim. benzyl 50% Consan, Triathlon Alk. dim. benzyl 60% several names Alk. dim. eth. benz. Consan, Green Shield, Physan, R.D., Triathlon Ancymidol A-Rest Benzyladenine Accel, BAP, Perlan, Promalin,Typy Bitrex Tree Guard Butenoic acid hydrochlor. Retain Butyl mercapten Scoot Capsaicin Hot Pepper Wax, Hot Sauce Animal Repellent, Scoot Chlormequat chloride Cycocel Daminozide B-Nine Diphacinone Diphacinone, Ramik E-8-Dodecenyl acetate Checkmate, Consep, Isomate Ethephon Ethrel, Floral, Prep Gibberellic acid Falgro, GibGro, Gibbex, Pro-Gibb, ProVide, RyzUp Gibberellins A4A7 Accel, Perlan, Promalin, TypRus, Typy Gliocladium virens SoilGard Hydrogen peroxide Oxidate, Zerotol Indolebutyric acid Dip'n Grow, Early Harvest, Hormex, Hormodin Metaldehyde Deadline, Metaldehyde, Slug Bait, Slug-Fest, Trail's End Metam-sodium Metam Sodium, Sectagon, Vapam Methyl bromide MBC-33, Methyl Bromide, Methyl Bromide & Chloropicrin, Tri-con NAA several names Octadecadien (E,Z) Isomate Octadecadien (Z,Z) Isomate Paclobutrazol Bonzi Pelargonic acid Scythe, Thinnex Prohexadione calcium Apogee Uniconazole Sumagic Z-8-Dodecanol Checkmate, Consep, Isomate Z-8-Dodecenyl acetate Checkmate, Consep, Isomate Zinc phosphide Zinc Phosphide Commercial fertilizer consumption: 1997-2001 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Year ending June 30 Item :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Short tons : Primary plant nutrients : Total N : 275,600 248,102 263,948 249,543 238,810 N in multi-nutrients : 64,017 58,790 62,713 57,104 55,076 Total P2O5 : 112,286 92,236 94,890 87,001 83,794 P2O5 in multi-nutrients : 101,154 90,323 92,063 84,539 83,794 Total K2O : 246,467 213,954 211,739 202,481 184,568 K2O in multi-nurtrients : 77,110 66,246 60,635 47,828 47,563 Total plant nutrients : 634,354 554,291 570,576 539,024 509,251 Average analysis : 44.5 44.8 43.1 42.9 42.6 Total nutrients in multi-nutrients : 242,281 215,360 215,411 189,471 186,433 : Selected single-nutrient materials : Ammonium nitrate : 9,401 6,483 9,533 5,622 6,287 Anhydrous ammonia : 88,775 71,765 68,349 56,757 50,984 Nitrogen solutions : 260,369 269,136 300,761 265,544 288,641 Urea : 87,173 88,167 98,820 126,452 110,001 Ammonium sulfate : 71,007 20,168 20,468 22,477 22,164 Concentrated superphosphate : 5,202 3,961 4,880 4,966 3,945 Potassium chloride : 271,868 237,257 244,519 250,410 221,427 : Multiple-nutrient fertilizers : N-P-K : 434,859 387,053 388,303 361,992 366,861 N-P : 125,241 115,178 124,833 115,616 122,840 N-K : 31,768 26,527 27,386 22,281 24,353 P-K : 11,435 7,891 5,526 4,561 4,771 : Leading multiple-nutrient grades : 10-34-0 : 40,220 35,525 42,668 37,385 40,775 18-46-0 : 42,223 36,974 37,709 34,569 33,232 11-52-0 : 8,682 14,860 20,069 24,987 26,571 19-19-19 : 20,139 18,527 21,201 11,564 13,035 9-24-3 : 2,917 8,510 9,150 6-24-24 : 13,385 10,375 12,529 7,891 7,576 : Fertilizer consumption by classes : Dry bulk single-nutrient : 490,328 401,282 430,931 452,227 382,845 Dry bagged single-nutrient : 8,820 9,267 7,581 7,453 14,862 Fluid single-nutrient : 369,706 348,333 371,425 324,357 343,883 Dry bulk multiple-nutrient : 349,906 293,499 283,761 259,482 243,576 Dry bagged multiple-nutrient : 174,006 179,578 187,767 165,491 188,375 Fluid multiple-nutrient : 79,392 63,570 76,463 79,476 86,874 Organics, secondary and micronutrients : 20,345 38,839 37,943 39,220 24,729 : Total : 1,492,503 1,334,370 1,395,870 1,327,707 1,285,144 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials