SLIDE 1:
NMVCCS Observations

Carl Ragland
Team Manager, NMVCCS

COMMENTS: After hearing why we are conducting NMVCCS, I’d like to tell you something about what is collected.


SLIDE 2:
Data Collection Forms

Each Vehicle has form for:
  * PAF
  * Driver Interview
  * General Vehicle
  * Occupants

Each crash has form for:
  * Crash
  * Non-motorist
  * Witness

COMMENTS: 
These are the forms that are collected in NMVCCS representing over 200 variables.


SLIDE 3:
PAF

- Critical pre-event related factors (1-12)	
  * Pre-event movement 
  * Critical pre-crash event
  * Critical reason for critical pre-crash event 
  * Associated pre-crash event factors (4-12)

- Critical reason for critical pre-crash event factors:
  * Driver
  * Vehicle
  * Environment

COMMENTS: 
The focus of the data collection effort is the pre-crash assessment form or the PAF.  All other collected data will be used to support data collected on the PAF.  Three very important factors are coded on the PAF related to crash causation.  They are the pre-event movement factor, the critical pre-crash event factor and the critical reason for the critical pre-crash event factor Other important variables are collected here related to right-of-way, brake application, vehicle movement sequence and other loss-0f control factors. Supporting these concluding factors and providing additional detail are factors associated with the critical reason related to the driver, the vehicle and the environment.



SLIDE 4:
Examples of Critical Reason for Critical Event Factors

- Tire failure/condition

- Driver distraction
  * Looking at mirror
  * Talking
  * Looking outside vehicle
  * Other

- Fatigue

- Driver inexperience

- Overcompensation

- Too fast

- Icy roads Highway design/conditions

COMMENTS: Here are some specific examples of vehicle, driver and environmental factors.


SLIDE 5:
Driver Interview
(91 Questions)

 - Driver and vehicle history and familiarity
 - Trip related
 - Physical and mental status
 - Driver focus prior to crash
 - Driver recognition and actions 

COMMENTS:  To support data collected under the PAF, the driver interview has 91 questions related to the drivers health, condition, distractions, etc.  Examples of driver history is:  (see slide)




SLIDE 6:
General Vehicle

- General Vehicle information, i.e. year/make/model

- Tire information and condition

- Specific vehicle info on advanced equipment
  * ABS
  * ESC
  * Lane Departure
  * Adaptive cruise control
  * Brake assist

COMMENTS: Here are some examples of the General vehicle form which has 77 variables.



SLIDE 7:
NORL

- On scene response log to EMS dispatch

- Percentage of qualified on-scene cases vary
  * Multiple frequencies
  * Distance to site
  * Local scanner laws

COMMENTS: One form I’d like to mention is the Notification of On-scene response log (NORL), which is used to track qualified and unqualified crashes.  Some of our teams have multiple incoming frequencies to monitor to obtain crash notification.  Other teams have multiple distances to travel to respond to an EMS dispatch. Other teams have problems with local scanning laws to obtain notification of EMS response.



SLIDE 8: 
Types of Data Analysis 

 - Rollover rates versus ESC

 - Loss of control versus ESC

 - Human, environmental and vehicle factor analysis

 - Potential benefit analysis for countermeasures

COMMENTS: These types of analysis are but a few of the examples that will be possible with NMVCCS.  See slide 



SLIDE 9:
Single Vehicle Example Crash

 - Southbound lanes of three-lane divided interstate. 
 - 1997 Honda Civic
 - Non contact vehicle
 - Vehicle swerved right, skid clockwise, contacted delineator post, then rock
Belted 34-year old female who was transported, treated and hospitalized for a complaint of pain
 - No interview – statement obtained from medical report

COMMENTS: A single vehicle accident occurred in the southbound lane of a 3-lane divided interstate highway with a posted speed limit of 65 mph (105 KMPH).e crash was a 

The vehicle involved in the crash was a 1997 Honda Accord.
There was a non contact vehicle involved that merged from the right acceleration lane,cutting directly in front of and in the path of the Honda Accord 

The Honda swerved right and decelerated to successfully avoid a collision with the other vehicle, but in so doing caused the Honda to go in a clockwise skid, losing control of the vehicle, striking a delineator post with the left side and the forward in the skid striking a rock embankment.  The vehicle continued in a clockwise rotation after rebounding from the rock wall and ended up in the roadway facing North


SLIDE 10:
Single Vehicle Example Crash

[photo] A look at the accident site in the direction of travel.



SLIDE 11:
Single Vehicle Example Crash

[photo] a close-up of the rock wall



SLIDE 12:
Single Vehicle Example Crash

[photo] post-crash frontal of 1997 Honda Accord


SLIDE 13:
Single Vehicle Example Crash

- Movement of the vehicle just prior to recognition (pre-event movement)
  * Going straight

- The Critical Precrash Event
  * This vehicle control loss due to traveling too fast for conditions

- The Critical Reason for the Critical Event
  * Performance error
  * Overcompensation
	This was chosen because the driver overreacted to the situation by steering too abruptly to the right.

COMMENT: Critical event coding.




SLIDE 14:
A Transit Bus and a Car Crash
U Turn

- V1,  A 2004 Toyota Lexus 
- V2, a 2003 Gillig Low Floor bus

- Late, dark, slush-covered roadway was illuminated by street lamps

-  The driver of V1  making U-turn
- Driver of V1 pulled to the right side of the roadway while decelerating 

- The driver of the bus saw V1 pull to the right and assumed that the driver of V1 would wait

- V2 struck V1 on left
- V2 braked and steered and hit legally parked vehicle

- V1 rotated back southbound and the left side of V1 came to rest against the right side of V2.

COMMENTS: -A 2004 Toyota Lexus (V1) southbound on a two-lane undivided roadway (one lane each direction) slowing to look for a parking space 
-V2, a 2003 Gillig Low Floor bus was traveling behind V1 on the same roadway in the same direction
-It was the late hours of the evening and it was dark outside, but the straight, level, slush-covered roadway was illuminated by street lamps
-The driver of V1 noticed a parking space on the opposite side of the street and decided to make a U-turn in order to turn his vehicle around and park on the other side of the street 
-In preparation of making this U-turn, he pulled as far to the right side of the roadway as he could while decelerating 
-The driver of the bus saw V1 pull to the right and assumed that the driver of V1 would wait for the bus to pass before initiating the U-turn
-As the bus began to pass V1 on the left, the driver of V1 initiated the U-turn. The front right corner of the bus impacted the left side of V1 in the opposing lane of traffic
-The driver of V2 had braked and steered left when he realized what V1 was doing, and struck a legally parked vehicle that was parked on the opposite side of the street with its front left 
-V1 rotated back southbound and the left side of V1 came to rest against the right side of V2.




SLIDE 15:
U Turn

[photo] a look back from the accident site


SLIDE 16:
U Turn

COMMENT: Critical event factors

- Pre-event movement
  * Decelerating in traffic lane
	Pulled to the right 
	Decelerated

- Critical precrash event
  * This vehicle traveling
	Over the lane line on left side of travel lane

- Critical reason for the critical event
  * Decision Error
	Illegal maneuver



SLIDE 17:
Questions