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1. The Role of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Adolescent Obesity: A Review of the Literature (EJ817962)
Author(s):
Harrington, Susan
Source:
Journal of School Nursing, v24 n1 p3-12 2008
Pub Date:
2008-00-00
Pub Type(s):
Information Analyses; Journal Articles
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Obesity; Diabetes; Child Health; Adolescents; Literature Reviews; Eating Habits; Health Behavior; Dietetics; Intervention; Health Promotion; Body Weight
Abstract: Soft drink consumption has increased by 300% in the past 20 years, and 56-85% of children in school consume at least one soft drink daily. The odds ratio of becoming obese among children increases 1.6 times for each additional can or glass of sugar-sweetened drink consumed beyond their usual daily intake of the beverage. Soft drinks currently constitute the leading source of added sugars in the diet and exceed the U.S. Department of Agriculture's recommended total sugar consumption for adolescents. With the increase in adolescent obesity and the concurrent increase in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the assumption infers a relationship between the two variables. SSB, classified as high-glycemic index (GI) liquids, increase postprandial blood glucose levels and decrease insulin sensitivity. Additionally, high-GI drinks submit to a decreased satiety level and subsequent overeating. Low-GI beverages stimulate a delayed return of hunger, thereby prompting an increased flexibility in amounts and frequencies of servings. Single intervention manipulation, elimination, or marked reduction of SSB consumption may serve to decrease caloric intake, increase satiety levels, decrease tendencies towards insulin resistance, and simplify the process of weight management in this population. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. A Jazzy Resource (EJ823982)
N/A
Curriculum Review, v48 n4 p8 Dec 2008
2008-12-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
No
Descriptors: Music; Musicians; Music Education; Musical Composition
Abstract: "You must take the A Train to go to Sugar Hill way up in Harlem" trills one of Duke Ellington's foremost contributions to the American songbook. Guests at the Cotton Club in the Sugar Hill neighborhood may have had the pleasure of watching Duke Ellington and his orchestra in a tightly arranged, polished performance, but never has Ellington's career seemed as real and as vibrant as it does in a new book that takes a fresh approach to his life and influences. According to Chicago Review Press, Stephanie Stein Crease's Duke Ellington: His Life in Jazz with 21 Activities "is a swinging celebration of Ellington's legendary contributions--a tour of American innovation that takes young musicians from the piano rags of the early 20th century, to the driving rhythms of hot jazz in the 20s, to the cadences of swing in the 40s and beyond." This article presents an activity that is similar to the 21 activities mentioned in Crease's book. This activity will introduce students to Duke Ellington's work. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. Promoting Healthy Eating in Nursery Schoolchildren: A Quasi-Experimental Intervention Study (EJ793837)
Korwanich, Kanyarat; Sheiham, Aubrey; Srisuphan, Wichit; Srisilapanan, Patcharawan
Health Education Journal, v67 n1 p16-30 2008
Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Intervention; Action Research; Eating Habits; Foreign Countries; Preschool Children; Health Promotion; Program Effectiveness; Dietetics; School Policy; Comparative Analysis
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effects of implementing a healthy eating policy on nursery schoolchildren's dietary practices in nurseries in Phrae Province, Thailand. Design: Quasi-experimental action research was used to compare the effects of school healthy eating policy on the diets of nursery schoolchildren in eight intervention and eight matched control schools. Setting: Sample was 219 nursery schoolchildren aged four to five years attending 16 schools in Muang district, Phrae Province, Thailand. Method: School healthy eating policy was implemented in intervention schools with the active participation of the school board members, teachers and parents. Snack intakes of 219 nursery schoolchildren in intervention and control groups were assessed through direct observation by trained observers and a three-day dietary record. Dietary data on snack consumption was collected at baseline and nine months after implementing a healthy eating policy. Results: After nine months, the consumption of every snack item, except non-sugar milk, decreased significantly in intervention schools compared to the baseline (p less than 0.05), but not in control schools. In intervention schools the mean frequency of intakes per day decreased for cariogenic snacks, fresh fruits, Thai desserts, crispy snacks and sugary drinks. On the other hand, in control schools, the mean frequency of consumption per day of cariogenic snacks, non-sugar milk and crispy snacks increased significantly (p less than 0.05). In the control schools, no difference was found between baseline and after nine months in consumption of fresh fruit, Thai desserts and sugary drinks consumption. Conclusion: Healthy eating policy for nursery schoolchildren was effective in reducing snack consumption in intervention schools. (Contains 7 tables and 2 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. A Review of the Potential of Bio-Ethanol in New Zealand (EJ788518)
Acharya, Vishesh; Young, Brent R.
Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, v28 n2 p143-148 2008
Descriptors: Agribusiness; Agricultural Production; Agriculture; Foreign Countries; Fuels; Energy; Technology; Manufacturing; Chemistry; Energy Management
Abstract: This article presents a study of the techno-economical feasibility of manufacturing biofuel ethanol at small scale from agricultural sources in New Zealand. It investigates possible agricultural products and wastes as potential feedstock and looks at laboratory-scale fermentation trials to determine their ethanol yields. The ethanol requirement to replace all gasoline in New Zealand with a 10 vol% blend (E10) is 300 ML/yr. Current production is derived from whey with output being about one sixth of this requirement. Sugarcane, sugar beets, maize, potato waste, and spoilt kiwifruit possess potential for use as feedstock. New Zealand currently grows approximately 150,000 t/yr maize, sufficient for making 45 ML/yr ethanol, and also has the potential to exploit 100,000 t/yr potato processing waste and 18,000 t/yr spoilt kiwifruit. Sugarcane and sugar beets are currently not grown on a large scale in New Zealand. However, sugarcane is of particular interest because of its high ethanol yield (7,750 L/Ha) and ease of processing. (Contains 1 figure and 1 table.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. Use of Text Messaging for Monitoring Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Physical Activity, and Screen Time in Children: A Pilot Study (EJ816704)
Shapiro, Jennifer R.; Bauer, Stephanie; Hamer, Robert M.; Kordy, Hans; Ward, Dianne; Bulik, Cynthia M.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, v40 n6 p385-391 Nov-Dec 2008
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Descriptors: Feedback (Response); Intervention; Health Behavior; Diaries; Psychoeducational Methods; Computer Mediated Communication; Compliance (Psychology); Telecommunications; Handheld Devices; Child Behavior; Program Effectiveness; Health Promotion; Physical Activity Level; Eating Habits; Nutrition; Dietetics; Television Viewing; Life Style; Self Control; Attendance Patterns; Children; Early Adolescents
Abstract: Objective: To examine acceptability, attrition, adherence, and preliminary efficacy of mobile phone short message service (SMS; text messaging) for monitoring healthful behaviors in children. Design: All randomized children received a brief psychoeducational intervention. They then either monitored target behaviors via SMS with feedback or via paper diaries (PD) or participated in a no-monitoring control (C) for 8 weeks. Setting: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Participants: Fifty-eight children (age 5-13) and parents participated; 31 completed (SMS: 13/18, PD: 7/18, C: 11/22). Intervention: Children and parents participated in a total of 3 group education sessions (1 session weekly for 3 weeks) to encourage increasing physical activity and decreasing screen time and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. Main Outcome Measures: Treatment acceptability, attrition, and adherence to self-monitoring. Analysis: Descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests were used to analyze differences across time and group. Results: Children in SMS had somewhat lower attrition (28%) than both PD (61%) and C (50%), and significantly greater adherence to self-monitoring than PD (43% vs 19%, P less than 0.02). Conclusions and Implications: Short message service may be a useful tool for self-monitoring healthful behaviors in children, although the efficacy of this approach needs further study. Implications suggest that novel technologies may play a role in improving health. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
6. Reduced Availability of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Diet Soda Has a Limited Impact on Beverage Consumption Patterns in Maine High School Youth (EJ816700)
Whatley Blum, Janet E.; Davee, Anne-Marie; Beaudoin, Christina M.; Jenkins, Paul L.; Kaley, Lori A.; Wigand, Debra A.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, v40 n6 p341-347 Nov-Dec 2008
Descriptors: High School Students; Obesity; Intervention; Questionnaires; Dietetics; Statistical Analysis; Control Groups; Comparative Analysis; Eating Habits; Gender Differences; Food; School Policy
Abstract: Objective: To examine change in high school students' beverage consumption patterns pre- and post-intervention of reduced availability of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and diet soda in school food venues. Design: A prospective, quasi-experimental, nonrandomized study design. Setting: Public high schools. Participants: A convenience sample from control (n = 221) and intervention (n = 235) high schools. Intervention: Schools aimed to reduce (n = 4) or not change (n = 3) availability of SSB and diet soda in food venues for 1 school year. Main Outcome Measures: Subjects' beverage servings/day was determined from a food frequency questionnaire pre- and post-intervention. Analysis: Two-by-two mixed analysis of variance model compared pre- to post-intervention servings/day between control and intervention subjects, stratified by gender. Results: Consumption of SSB decreased in both intervention and control boys (F = 53.69, P less than 0.05) and girls (F = 22.87, P less than 0.05). Intervention girls decreased diet soda consumption as compared to control girls (F = 6.57, P less than 0.05). Conclusion and Implications: Reducing availability of SSB in schools did not result in a greater decrease in SSB consumption by intervention as compared to control subjects. The impact of reducing availability of SSB at school may be limited. A better understanding of beverage consumption patterns may be needed to determine the efficacy of school food policies on those youth susceptible to obesity. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. Service-Learning Projects in an Undergraduate Gerontology Course: A Six-Stage Model and Application (EJ799396)
Anstee, Jaime L. K.; Harris, Susan G.; Pruitt, Keri D.; Sugar, Judith A.
Educational Gerontology, v34 n7 p595-609 Jul 2008
2008-07-00
Descriptors: Educational Gerontology; Service Learning; Models; Undergraduate Study; Program Development; Introductory Courses; Course Content; Older Adults; Units of Study; Focus Groups; Surveys; Intergenerational Programs; School Community Relationship; Research Projects; Student Research; Legal Aid; Community Services; Community Resources
Abstract: Service-learning opportunities are prominent on many college campuses. The process of designing and implementing service-learning experiences, especially for students of gerontology, however, has rarely been addressed. The current article briefly reviews the background and utility of service-learning in gerontology courses, describes our service-learning project, outlines a general six-stage model for developing service-learning projects in gerontology courses, and describes our process of integrating the service-learning project into an introductory gerontology course. Finally, we demonstrate that in conjunction with the promotion of evaluative practices, service-learning in the gerontology classroom presents a promising practice for creating healthier communities. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
8. Intestinal Permeability and Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 in Children with Autism: A Controlled Pilot Study (EJ797503)
Robertson, Marli A.; Sigalet, David L.; Holst, Jens J.; Meddings, Jon B.; Wood, Julie; Sharkey, Keith A.
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v38 n6 p1066-1071 Jul 2008
Descriptors: Siblings; Autism; Developmental Disabilities; Comparative Analysis; Child Health; Human Body
Abstract: We measured small intestinal permeability using a lactulose:mannitol sugar permeability test in a group of children with autism, with current or previous gastrointestinal complaints. Secondly, we examined whether children with autism had an abnormal glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) response to feeding. Results were compared with sibling controls and children without developmental disabilities. We enrolled 14 children with autism, 7 developmentally normal siblings of these children and 8 healthy, developmentally normal, unrelated children. Our study did not detect differences in these measures of gastrointestinal function in a group of children with autism. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. SNA Releases Back to School Nutrition Trends Report: Results Show What Schools Are Doing to Increase Healthy Options for Kids (EJ815361)
Curriculum Review, v48 n2 p11 Oct 2008
2008-10-00
Descriptors: Nutrition; Social Indicators; Trend Analysis; Health Promotion; Professional Associations; Annual Reports; Food Standards; School Surveys
Abstract: This article talks about the School Nutrition Association's 2008 Back to School Nutrition Trends Report that was released on August 19. According to the report, the trend towards more healthful school meal choices continues this fall with district nutrition programs emphasizing whole grains, fruits, and vegetables while cutting back on trans fats, added sugar, and sodium. The 10th annual report found that although rising food, labor, and indirect costs are significant challenges for school nutrition programs, healthy food and beverage items continue to increase in popularity and participation is increasing; nearly half of respondents reported increased overall lunch and breakfast average daily participation in the 2007-2008 school year. The 2008 Back to School Nutrition Trends Report is based on a July 2008 survey completed online by 358 school nutrition directors from 43 states balanced regionally and reflecting small, medium, and large sized districts. The survey has been conducted annually since 1998 and explores trends, issues, and factors impacting school nutrition professionals. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
10. The Chemical Composition of Honey (EJ820826)
Ball, David W.
Journal of Chemical Education, v84 n10 p1643-1646 Oct 2007
2007-10-00
Descriptors: Chemistry; Molecular Structure; Entomology; Food; Science Instruction
Abstract: Honey is a supersaturated sugar solution, created by bees, and used by human beings as a sweetener. However, honey is more than just a supersaturated sugar solution; it also contains acids, minerals, vitamins, and amino acids in varying quantities. In this article, we will briefly explore the chemical composition of honey. (Contains 2 figures and 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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