Yellow Toadflax

Scientific name: Linaria vulgaris Mill.

Common names: Yellow toadflax, Butter and eggs, wild snapdragon, common toadflax, ramsted, flaxweed, Jacob's ladder

Native To: Eurasia

Date of U.S. Introduction: Late 1600s

Images: Invasive.org and Google

Means of Introduction: Ornamental

Impact: Crowds out native species

Current U.S. Distribution:

• PLANTS Database map (see complete PLANTS Profile for county distribution and native status)
• Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System

U.S. States and U.S. National Parks Where Reported Invasive: WeedUS Database map

Management Plans: Plants

Selected Internet Resources:

• Federal Government
• State Government
• University/Academic
• International
• Organizations

Linaria vulgaris
Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Taxonomy

Linaria vulgaris P. Mill. (Yellow Toadflax) - Noxious and Nuisance Plant Management Information System (PMIS)
United States Army Corps of Engineers. Engineer Research and Development Center. Environmental Laboratory.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution

Linaria vulgaris Article Citation Search - AGRICOLA Database
USDA. National Agricultural Library.
Research; Special Note: NAL Catalog Search (resources)

Linaria vulgaris - Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
USDA. ARS. National Genetic Resources Program.
Taxonomy; Distribution; Legal Aspects

Butter-and-Eggs - Weed of the Week (Dec 4, 2006; PDF | 74 KB)
USDA. FS. Northeastern Area. Forest Health Protection.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution; Controls

Linaria spp. - Fire Effects Information System (FEIS)
USDA. Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fire Sciences Laboratory.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Controls; Special Note: References

Yellow Toadflax - Noxious Weed
USDA. Sawtooth National Forest.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Controls

Plant profile for Linaria vulgaris - PLANTS Database
USDA. NRCS. National Plant Data Center.
Taxonomy; Photographs; Illustrations; Distribution; Legal Aspects

Linaria vulgaris P. Mill - An Assessment of Exotic Plant Species of Rocky Mountain National Park
DOI. Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center.
Impacts; Life Cycle; Distribution; Controls

Linaria genus - EncycloWeedia
California Department of Food and Agriculture.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

Yellow Toadflax - Best Management Practices Weed Profile (PDF | 198 KB)
Colorado State Parks.
Identification/Description; Illustrations; Introduction History; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution; Controls; Special Note: References

Yellow Toadflax
State of Colorado. Larimer County. Weed Control District.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Controls

Yellow Toadflax - Idaho's Noxious Weeds
Idaho Association of Soil Conservation Districts. Idaho OnePlan.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Distribution; Controls

Yellow toadflax - Invasive Plant Species of Alaska (PDF | 56 KB)
University of Alaska - Anchorage. Alaska Natural Heritage Program.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Life Cycle; Distribution; Controls

Linaria vulgaris - CalPhotos
University of California - Berkeley. Digital Library Project.
Photographs

Integrated Weed Management of Yellow Toadflax (PDF | 59 KB)
State of Colorado. Douglas County. Public Works.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Controls

Biology and Management of Yellow Toadflaxes
Colorado State University. Cooperative Extension.
Identification/Description; Illustrations; Introduction History; Life Cycle; Controls

Yellow Toadflax - WeedUS Database
University of Georgia. Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Distribution

Managing Yellow and Dalmatian Toadflax (PDF | 524 KB)
University of Nevada - Reno. Cooperative Extension.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Controls

Yellow Toadflax - Weed Factsheet (PDF | 160 KB)
New Mexico State University.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Life Cycle; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: References

Dalmatian Toadflax and Yellow Toadflax - Biological Control: A Guide to Natural Enemies in North America (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and Hansen, R.)
Cornell University. Agriculture and Life Sciences.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Habitat; Controls

Dalmatian Toadflax and Yellow Toadflax: Identification and Control
North Dakota State University. Extension Service.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Habitat

Yellow Toadflax - Ohio Perennial & Biennial Weed Guide
Ohio State University. Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History

Yellow Toadflax and Dalmatian Toadflax
Oregon State University. Extension Service.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Illustrations; Introduction History; Life Cycle; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

Yellow Toadflax - Guide to Weeds in British Columbia
British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture Food and Fisheries (Canada).
Identification/Description; Photographs; Illustrations; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

Linaria vulgaris P. Mill. - Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility.
Taxonomy

Linaria vulgaris (herb) - ISSG Global Invasive Species Database
World Conservation Union. Invasive Species Specialist Group.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Controls

Yellow Toadflax
Colorado Weed Management Association.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion

Linaria vulgaris
Discover Life.
Photographs

Dalmatian and Yellow Toadflax
Montana Weed Control Association.
Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Controls

Linaria vulgaris (Yellow Toadflax)
Nature Conservancy. Global Invasive Species Initiative.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Element Stewardship Abstract with excellent set of references