Table of contents for Hindustani music : a tradition in transition / by Deepak S. Raja ; foreword by Shivkumar Sharma ; introduction by Lyle Wachovsky.


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PART I
Culture, Technology and Economics
1.1 Populism and Rival Forces                   25
The Emergence of a Market                 26
Dimensions of Populism                    27
The Conservationist Reaction              29
The Unlikely Ally                         32
1.2 If Peanuts is What You Pay                  36
The Changing Context                       37
The Economics                              38
The Bottom-line                            41
1.3 Government, Business and Classical Music     42
The Traditional Patronage Model            42
Benefactor Qualifications                  44
Reconfiguring Benefaction                  47
1.4 Pandits and Ustads Aplenty                  49
1.5 Archival Music and the Cultural Process       55
Obsolescence in Recorded Music             56
The Archival Music Market                   57
Generations as "Markets"                   59
Continuity and Change                      61
The Challenge from the Graveyards          61
The Yardstick of Musicianship              64
The "Virtual Guru"                         66
The Big Picture                            69
1.6 A Requiem for the Gharanas                    71
What is a Gharana?                         71
Favourable Conditions                      73
The Golden Age of Hindustani Music         77
Chinks in the Armor                        78
The Gharana "Brands" Today                 81

PART II
Form, Idiom and Format
2.1 Architecture in Modern Hindustani Music       87
The Architectural Metaphor                 88
Function and Structure                     89
The Linearity of Progression               90
The Cyclicity of Melodic Exploration       93
The Econometric Model                      96
A Case Study                               97
The Duration Factor                        99
The Argument                              100
2.2 Instrumental Idioms Afiga or Apaiga         102
Source Material of the Hindustani Tradition  103
Adoption and Adaptation                   104
Deviations and Innovations                105
Aucitya in Innovation                     107
Aucitya - The Idea                        110
2.3 The Jugalbandi Racket                      111
Jugalabandi Patterns                      112
The Burden of Evidence                    113
Experimentation and Propriety             115
2.4 TihAyis and the Rape of Melody              117
The Logic of Tihayis                      118
Placement, Function, and Aesthetics       120
The Aesthetic and the Grotesque           121

PART III
The World of Ragas
3.1 The Raga-ness of Ragas                      125
The Melodic Grammar of Ragas              130
The Aesthetic Grammar of Ragas            133
3.2 Riga Chemistry and Beyond                  138
The Allotrope                             139
The Compound                              141
The Emulsion                              143
Chemistry Defines Options                 145
The Raga-Malika                          146
Beyond Chemistry                         147
Raga Chemistry and You                    149
3.3 Riga: Right and Wrong                       150
Nomenclature                              151
Rare Ragas and their Compounds             152
Creative License                           153
Raga Evolution                             154
Grammatical Propriety                      156
The Bottom-Line                            157
3.4 Kedara at Sunrise                            159
The Theory                                 162
A Rational Perspective                     165
3.5 The Experience of Melody: From Dhrupad       168
to Santitra
Melody in Dhrupad                          169
Melody in Khayala                          171
Melody on the Sitara                       172
Melody on the Saroda                       174
Melody on the Flute                        175
Melody on the Santflra                     175
What the Trends Imply                      176
The Concept of a Genre                     178
The Concept of a Music-Scape               179
Alarm and Reassurance                      182

PART IV
The Major Genres
4.1 An Introduction to Dhrupad                   185
An Aesthetic Perspective                   188
Stylistic Diversity                        189
Gharanas of Dhrupad                        191
Melodic Expressions in Dhrupad             192
The Talas of Dhrupad                       194
Raga Presentation Structure                195
Variants on the Raga Presentation Structure  199
The Ensemble for Dhrupad Performance       200
A Structural Analysis                      201
The Nature of Appeal                       202
Dhrupad Today                              204
4.2 An Introduction to Khayala                   207
The Plastic Arts Metaphor Applied to       208
Khayala Music
History and Evolution                      209
The Gharanas of Khayala Music              210
The Ensemble for Khayala Performance       213
The Format of Khayala Presentation         213
Melodic Expressions in the Khayala Genre   215
The Poetic Element in Khayala Vocalism     217
Articulation in Khayala Music              218
The Structure of Compositions              220
Khayala Presentation Protocol              220
The Typology of Tanas                      222
The Aesthetics of Tanas                    224
Trends in Khayala Vocalism                 226
4.3 An Introduction to Thumari                   229
Sources of the Thumari Tradition           231
Stylistic Evolution                        232
Landmark Personalities                     236
Poetry in Thumari                          241
Ragas in Thumari                           243
Tala in Thumari                            244
Dadara, The Genre                          245
Ensemble for Thumari Performances          246
Bandia Thumari: Structure and Rendition   246
Bola-banao Thumari: Structure and Rendition  248
Thumari in Instrumental Music              250
The Thumari Today                          253
4.4 Introduction to the Tappa                    257
Historical Outline                         258
Salient Stylistic Features                 261
The Tappa Today                            263

PART V
The Major Instruments
5.1 The Rudra Vi-1                              269
Organology                                270
History                                   271
Design                                    274
Ergonomics                                276
Acoustics                                 278
Stroke Craft                              279
Techniques of Melodic Execution           280
Recent Bina Music                         281
The Disappearing Breed                    287
5.2 The Sitara                                  290
The Masit Khani Gata                      291
The Raza Khani Gata                       292
Sitara Styles                             293
Techniques of Melodic Execution           294
The Singing Sitara                        295
5.3 The Surabahara                              298
Surabahara and the Imdad Khan Lineage     300
5.4 The Saroda                                  303
History                                   303
Organology                                305
Design and Tuning                         306
Acoustics                                 307
Ergonomics                                307
The Saroda Idiom                          309
Techniques of Melodic Execution           309
New Path to Sculpting of Melody           311
5.5 The Santfira                                314
Organology                                315
Construction and Tuning                   317
Evolutionary Perspectives                  318
Shivkumar Sharma's Music                   321
The Santara after Shivkumar Sharma         324
5.6 The ehnAyi                                  328
Organology                                 328
Design                                     329
Idiom and Repertoire                       330
Genres in ehnayI Music                    331
The Ensemble for ehnayi Performances      332
The Disappearing Sehnayi                   332
5.7 The Sarafigi                                 334
Construction, Design, and Tuning           335
Playing Technique                          336
The Role of the Saraftgi in Music          336
The Harmonium Challenge and the Response   338
The Sarafgi - As the Second Fiddle and     340
the First
5.8 The Indian Classical Guitar                  343
Evolutionary Perspectives                  344
The Vicitra Vinm Legacy                    346
Kabra's Guitar                             347
After Kabra                                349



Library of Congress subject headings for this publication: Hindustani music India History and criticism