Approval Date: May 22, 1992
Freedom of Information Summary
NADA 140-853
I. GENERAL INFORMATION:
NADA 140-853 Sponsor: A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
One Executive Drive
PO Box 1399
Fort Lee, NJ 07024Generic Name: bacitracin methylene disalicylate, narasin Trade Name: BMD®, Monteban® Marketing Status: II. INDICATIONS FOR USE
For the prevention of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. mivati , and E. brunetti , for increased rate of weight gain, and for improved feed efficiency in broiler chickens.
III. DOSAGE
A. DOSAGE FORM This NADA provides for the combined uses of these two approved Type A medicated articles, bacitracin methylene disalicylate as per 21 CFR 558.76 and narasin as per 21 CFR 558.363 into Type C medicated feed. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate Type A medicated articles are marketed as a medicated premix containing 10, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 75 grams/lb bacitracin. Narasin Type A medicated articles are marketed as a medicated premix in concentrations of 36, 45, 54, 72 and 90 grams/lb.
Bacitracin methylene disalicylate is added to finished broiler Type C medicated feed at concentrations ranging from 10-50 grams/ton and narasin at concentrations from 54-72 grams/ton of feed.
B. ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION Orally in the feed. C. RECOMMENDED DOSAGES: Narasin 54-72 grams/ton Bacitracin methylene disalicylate 10-50 grams/ton IV. EFFECTIVENESS:
Non-Interference StudyA series of seven well-controlled battery experiments was conducted to evaluate the anticoccidial effectiveness of narasin when fed in combination with bacitracin methylene disalicylate to broiler chickens. The studies (listed below) were conducted at Lilly Research Laboratories, PO Box 708, Greenfield, IN 46140.
Experiment No. T2N8C86A0 - Eimeria acervulina challenge
Experiment No. T2N8C86A1 - Eimeria maxima challenge
Experiment No. T2N8C86A2 - Eimeria necatrix challenge
Experiment No. T2N8C86A3 - Eimeria brunetti challenge
Experiment No. T2N8C86A4 - Eimeria mitis/E. mivati challenge
Experiment No. T2N8C86A5 - Eimeria tenella challenge
Experiment No. T2N8C86A6 - Mixed Eimeria species challengeInvestigators:
K. W. Bafundo, Ph.D. and J. D. Donovan
Greenfield Laboratories
PO Box 708
Greenfield, IN 40140Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603Eight-day old Hubbard White Mountain broiler cockerels were used in each experiment. Chicks were housed in a coccidia free environment prior to the initiation of each experiment. Stainless steel batteries especially designed for anticoccidial effectiveness evaluation were used in these experiments. Water and medicated feed were supplied ad libitum and proper ambient temperature and a constant lighting schedule were maintained for the duration of each experiment.
A typical broiler starter ration was used in these experiments. Medicated feed was administered for two days prior to coccidial exposure. All rations were assayed for bacitracin methylene disalicylate and narasin.
Two days after initiation of medicated feeding the birds were inoculated with coccidia. In six experiments inoculation was by single species challenge, i.e., one experiment for each of the six species of Eimeria approved for narasin. In the seventh experiment, all six species were combined as the mixed inoculum of Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. mivati and E. brunetti . Inocula were intended to produce clinical coccidiosis in the infected nonmedicated birds. The treatment regimen is delineated below.
Each treatment was replicated four times using four birds per replicate. Parameters measured were, mortality, weight gain, feed efficiency and intestinal lesion scores. Experiments were conducted for 7 days post inoculum.
- Infected, non-medicated controls
- Narasin (60 ppm)
- Narasin + Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (60 + 110 ppm)
The data from these experiments are summarized in Tables I through VII. These data demonstrate that birds fed narasin in combination with bacitracin methylene disalicylate had reduced lesion scores when compared to infected nonmedicated birds. The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to feeds had no adverse effect on the ability of narasin to control coccidial infection. Thus bacitracin methylene disalicylate was compatible with narasin when the drugs are fed to growing broiler chickens.
(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE I Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A0 EIMERIA ACERVULINA Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestines Infected controls* 00 0.0 249.1 1.768 3.75 Narasin 60 0.0 276.0 1.578 0.06 Narasin + 60 0.0 295.8 1.487 0.13 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with 250,000 Eimeria acervulina oocysts.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE II Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A1 EIMERIA MAXIMA Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestines Infected Controls* 00 0.0 261.4 1.646 4.00 Narasin 60 0.0 291.4 1.552 0.38 Narasin + 60 0.0 283.6 1.517 0.31 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with 50,000 Eimeria maxima oocysts.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE III Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A2 EIMERIA NECATRIX Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestines Infected Controls* 00 0.0 222.3 1.779 3.50 Narasin 60 0.0 253.3 1.623 0.38 Narasin + 60 0.0 276.4 1.516 0.38 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with 100,000 Eimeria necatrix oocysts.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE IV Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A3 EIMERIA BRUNETTI Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestines Infected Controls* 00 0.0 176.1 2.155 4.00 Narasin 60 0.0 261.8 1.614 2.19 Narasin + 60 0.0 263.1 1.583 1.81 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with 100,000 Eimeria brunetti oocysts.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE V Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A4 EIMERIA MITIS/EIMERIA MIVATI Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestines Infected Controls* 00 0.0 248.1 1.677 3.44 Narasin 60 0.0 276.2 1.547 1.25 Narasin + 60 0.0 286.0 1.455 0.69 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with 100,000 Eimeria mitis/E. mivati oocysts.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE VI Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A5 EIMERIA TENELLA Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestines Infected Controls* 00 0.0 279.0 1.553 2.75 Narasin 60 0.0 272.0 1.521 1.69 Narasin + 60 0.0 293.6 1.507 0.44 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with 100,000 Eimeria tenella oocysts.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 7 columns.)
TABLE VII Summary of Experiment No. T2N8C86A6 EIMERIA ACERVULINA, E. MAXIMA, E. MITIS/MIVATI, E. BRUNETTI, E. NECATRIX, AND E. TENELLA Treatment Dose Mortality Weight Gain F/G Lesions Scores (ppm) (%) (g) Intestine Cecal Infected Controls* 00 0.0 199.8 1.846 8.94 1.1 Narasin 60 0.0 251.6 1.564 0.75 0.1 Narasin + 60 0.0 283.7 1.472 0.00 0.0 BMD 110 * Chicks were infected with a mixed inoculum Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, E. mitis/E. mivati, E. brunetti, E. necatrix and E. tenella oocysts.Floor-Pen Study Six floor-pen experiments were conducted using a total of 5,020 birds. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate was used at 0 or 50 grams per ton of feed in combination with narasin at 72.5 grams per ton. The experiments were designed to evaluate the growth promoting effects of bacitracin methylene disalicylate when fed in combination with narasin to broiler chickens.
Summary of Floor-Pen Study
- Experiment No. TX-B-146-86 Investigator:
Jack H. Trammel, Ph.D.
3T Research
Box 192
Hamilton, TX 76531Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603In this experiment, 840 broiler chickens were housed in a conventional type, dirt floor broiler house on the premises of 3T Research, Hamilton, TX. Pens trial were arranged in two rows with a center aisle. Each 5' x 10' pen was equipped with a cylindrical hanging self-feeder, a bell-type automatic waterer and a thermostatically controlled gas brooder. Natural light was supplemented with incandescent lighting over the center aisle. Used litter was top-dressed with new shavings.
Thirty male and 30 female day-old chicks were randomly allocated to 14 experimental pens. Treatments were assigned to pens in a randomized block design. The 14 pens allowed for 7 replications of the 2 treatments.
The experiment consisted of 2 dietary treatments, i.e., narasin 72.5 grams per ton and narasin 72.5 grams per ton + bacitracin methylene disalicylate 50 grams per ton. Commercial mixing procedures were followed and feed samples were assayed for drug content. Birds were on medicated feed for 46 days.
Results:
The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency over birds fed narasin alone (Table VIII).
- Experiment No. TX-B-130-85 Investigator:
William F. Krueger, Ph.D.
Department of Poultry Science
Texas A&M University
College Station, TX 77843Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603In this experiment, 1400 chicks were housed in a conventional type, dirt floor broiler house (Random Sample Broiler House 2) on the Texas A&M University Poultry Center. Fifty male and 50 female day-old Hubbard x Hubbard broiler chicks were distributed randomly into 14 pens. Chicks that died during the first week were replaced with hatch mates.
Experimental diets were prepared by mixing the appropriate amount of each drug premix with rations formulated to simulate commercial-type nutrient concentrations. Feed samples were assayed for drug content.
The 14 pens permitted 7 replications (pens) of the following 2 dietary treatments: narasin 72.5 grams per ton and narasin 72.5 grams per ton + bacitracin methylene disalicylate 50 grams per ton. Birds were on medicated feed for 46 days.
Results:
The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency over birds fed narasin alone (Table VIII).
- Experiment No. MO-B-132A-85 Investigator:
Randall A. Primo
Ponderosa Research Company
French Village, MO 63036Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603In this experiment, 600 birds were housed in a conventional, insulated, curtain sided broiler house with wire partitions and a dirt floor. Each 5' x 8' pen identically equipped with an automatic water fountain, a cylindrical hanging self feeder and a heat lamp brooder. Light to supplement natural daylight was supplied by an incandescent light over the center of each pen. Used litter was top-dressed with new wood shavings.
Day-old Arbor Acre x Peterson chicks were distributed randomly by sex into 12 pens so that each pen contained 25 male and 25 female chicks, with six replicates. For assignment of treatments to pens, the 12 pens were divided into blocks and dietary treatments assigned randomly within each block. Chicks that died during the first week were replaced with chicks from the same hatch.
Experimental diets were prepared by blending the appropriate amount of the respective drug premixes with commercial-type starter and grower basal ration formulated to meet or exceed all NRC nutrient recommendations. The experiment entailed 2 dietary treatments, i.e., narasin 72.5 grams per ton and narasin 72.5 grams per ton + bacitracin methylene disalicylate 50 grams per ton. The experiment ran for 48 days.
Results:
The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency over birds fed narasin alone (Table VIII).
- Experiment No. MO-B-102-83 Investigator:
Randall A. Primo
Ponderosa Research Company
French Village, MO 63036Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603In this experiment, 900 birds were housed in a conventional, insulated, curtain sided broiler house with wire partitions and dirt floor. Each 5' x 8' pen was identically equipped with an automatic water fountain, a cylindrical hanging self feeder and a heat lamp brooder. Light to supplement natural daylight was supplied by an incandescent light over the center of each pen. Built-up litter was stirred and top dressed with new wood shavings.
Day-old sexed chicks were randomly distributed by sex so that each pen contained 25 male and 25 female chicks. The 18 pens allotted to this study permitted 9 replications of each of the 2 dietary treatments as follows: narasin 72.5 grams per ton and narasin 72.5 grams per ton and bacitracin methylene disalicylate 50 grams per ton.
Experimental diets were prepared by mixing the appropriate amount of each drug premix with commercial-type starter and grower basal rations which were formulated to meet or exceed all NRC nutrient recommendations. Finished feeds were assayed for drug content. Chicks that died during the first five days were replaced and a record of mortality was maintained thereafter. Chicks were medicated for 49 days.
Results:
The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency over birds fed narasin along (Table VIII).
- Experiment No. AR-B-119-84 Investigator:
Park W. Waldroup, Ph.D.
Department of Animal Sciences
University of Arkansas
Fayetteville, AR 72701Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603In this experiment, 720 chicks were housed in a conventional steel-truss building with an insulated roof and sidewalls and a three-foot sidewall curtain. Pens were 7' x 8' and contained two hanging tube-type feeders, an automatic water fount and an infrared gas brooder. Plastic feeder flats and water founts were used during the first 7 days for supplemental feeding and water. Used litter was top-dressed with new litter. Day-old, sexed broiler chicks were randomly distributed by sex into the pens so that each pen contained 30 males and 30 females. Chicks that died during the first week were replaced with hatch mates.
Brooding temperatures began at 85°F with whole-house brooding with 5 per week reductions to a minimum of 65°. Automatic fans and sidewall curtains were used to aid in maintaining temperature control.
The 12 pens allotted to this study permitted 6 replications of each of the 2 dietary treatments as follows: narasin 72.5 per ton and narasin 72.5 grams per ton + bacitracin methylene disalicylate 50 grams per ton.
Finished feeds were assayed for drug content. Treatments were randomly assigned to pens within each of the 6 blocks of pens. Chicks were medicated for 49 days.
Results:
The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency over birds fed narasin alone (Table VIII).
- Experiment No. GA-B-131-85 Monitor:
O. W. Charles, Ph.D.
Extension Poultry Science
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30601Monitor:
Ralph V. Fell, Ph.D.
Director, Technical Services
A. L. Laboratories, Inc.
Route 9, Box 42
Pine Bluff, AR 71603In this experiment, 560 chicks were housed in a conventional broiler house, Four Towers Research Center, University of Georgia. Twenty male and 20 female day-old Arbor Acre x Peterson chicks were allocated randomly to 14 pens. All pens were equipped with automatic bell-type waterers, a circular feeder and an electric heat bulb for brooding. Each pen received approximately 2 inches of new litter and top dressing was applied as necessary using new pine shavings. Medicated feeds were prepared as per standard commercial practice. Finished feeds were assayed for drug content. Chicks were medicated for 49 days.
Seven pens were assigned to each treatment group as follows: narasin 72.5 grams per ton and narasin 72.5 grams per ton + bacitracin methylene disalicylate 50 grams per ton.
Results:
The addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency over birds fed narasin alone (Table VIII).
The six described floor-pen studies, using 5,020 broiler chickens were conducted in different geographical locations to determine the growth promoting effects of bacitracin methylene disalicylate in combination with narasin. The studies were designed and conducted to simulate varying conditions such as climate, geographical location, weather, management practices, and degree of disease contamination of the premises.
Consistent with pen size 20 to 50 birds of each sex were selected at random and assigned to pens. Six to nine replicates were used per treatment group. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate at 0 and 50 grams per ton of feed was used in combination with narasin at 72.6 grams per ton of feed in each study.
A pooled statistical analysis of the six studies was conducted. The data demonstrate that the addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate to the diet at 50 grams per ton increased the rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency significantly (p ¾ .05) when compared to birds fed narasin alone.
Summary of Effectiveness Studies
The results of the floor-pen studies qualify this application for range approval for the drug combination under CVM's Drug Combination Policy, revised October, 1983. The data demonstrate that both drugs contributed to the effectiveness of the combination drug.
These data support approval of this application for the use of narasin at 54-72 g/ton and bacitracin methylene disalicylate at 10-50 g/ton for the prevention of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. mivati, E. necatrix , and E. tenella and for increased rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency in broiler chickens.
(Eds. note: The following table consists of 6 columns.)
TABLE VIII Response of Broiler Chickens to Narasin and Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate Fed in Combination Narasin 72.5 g/ton + Narasin 72.5 g/ton BMD 50 g/ton Replications Mean Wt. Feed/Gain Mean Wt. Feed/Gain TX-B-146-86 7 4.34 1.95 4.41 1.91 TX-B-130-85 6 3.79 2.00 3.86 1.96 MO-B-132A-85 6 4.12 2.07 4.19 1.99 MO-B-102-83 9 4.28 2.18 4.45 2.09 AR-B-119-84 6 4.37 2.07 4.40 2.03 GA-B-131-85 7 3.94 2.05 4.05 2.00 Grand Mean 4.14 2.05 4.23 2.00V. ANIMAL SAFETY
The animal safety data for bacitracin methylene disalicylate may be found in the parent NADA 46-592 sponsored by A. L. Laboratories, Inc. (approved March 15, 1976, 41 FR 10993); for narasin the data may be found in the parent NADA 118-980 sponsored by Elanco Products Co. (approved August 14, 1986, 51 FR 29098). The efficacy studies shown in Section IV demonstrate that no adverse effects were observed when the drug were combined, indicating that the drugs are as safe when fed in combination as when fed alone.
Additional safety studies were not required because: (1) The drugs have been approved singly, and (2) adequate documentation has been provided to show that these compounds are compatible in combination when used in broiler chicken feeds. Therefore, based on the data in the original NADAs, the non-interference study, the floor-pen efficacy studies, and drug residue depletion study, it is concluded that this combination of drugs may be safely fed to broiler chickens.
VI. HUMAN FOOD SAFETY
VII. AGENCY CONCLUSIONSA. Toxicity Tests
The toxicity data that support the safety of residues of bacitracin methylene disalicylate are filed in the parent NADA 46-592 sponsored by A. L. Laboratories, Inc., (approved March 15, 1976, 41 FR 10993). The toxicology data for narasin are contained in the parent NADA 118-980 sponsored by Elanco Products Co. (approved August 14, 1986, 51 FR 29098).
B. Tolerances and Safe Concentrations of Residues
The tolerance for residues of bacitracin methylene disalicylate in uncooked tissues of chickens is established at 0.5 ppm negligible residue (21 CFR 556.70). A tolerance for residues of narasin in chickens was not established because total residues of the drug (parent + metabolites) are below the safe concentrations for the drug at zero withdrawal. The safe concentrations for total narasin residues in chicken tissues are: 0.6 ppm in muscle; 1.8 ppm in liver; and 1.2 ppm in skin with adhering fat and fat.
C. Tissue Residue Non-Interference Studies
Data to demonstrate that the residue levels of bacitracin MD and narasin are not adversely affected when the two drugs are fed to chickens in combination were generated in two residue studies conducted with the three-way combination of bacitracin MD, narasin, and roxarsone. Both studies used overdosing levels of bacitracin MD and narasin.
The first study (LA-B-TR-1-82) was conducted for A. L. Laboratories, and it provided data to demonstrate that residue levels of bacitracin MD are not adversely affected by the other components of the combination. The investigator for the dosing phase of the study was John A. Herbert, Ph.D., at the Louisiana State University, and the assays for residues of bacitracin MD were conducted by the Morris County Testing Laboratory, Morristown, NJ.
Sixty-five broiler chicks were fed a ration containing the combination of narasin (90 g/ton), roxarsone (45.5 g/ton) and bacitracin MD (200 g/ton) for the period between two to seven weeks of age. Muscle tissue was collected for the bacitracin MD assay from six birds (three males and three females) killed at zero withdrawal and from another group of six birds at two days of withdrawal. The mean residue values obtained in the assay for microbiologically active residues of bacitracin MD are shown below. The dosing level in the study (200 g/ton) was four times the level approved under this NADA, and all residue values reported were below the 0.5 ppm tolerance for bacitracin MD.
(Eds. note: The following table consists of 3 columns.)
Tissue Days of Withdrawal Bacitracin MD (ppm) muscle 0 0.40 muscle 2 0.43The non-interference on residue levels of narasin by the other components of the combination was demonstrated in a second residue study (MO-B-TR-3-88). The dosing phase of the study was conducted for A. L. Laboratories, Inc., by the Ponderosa Research Company, French Village, Missouri, with Mr. Randall A. Primo as investigator. The narasin assays were conducted by Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield, Indiana. One hundred broiler chickens were fed a ration containing the combination of narasin (80 g/ton), roxarsone (45.5 g/ton), and bacitracin MD (100 g/ton) from one day of age to approximately seven weeks of age. Groups of six birds (three males and three females) were selected and killed at zero (six hours), 24, or 48 hours of withdrawal from the medicated feed. Samples of abdominal fat were collected from each bird and were assayed for microbiologically active residues of narasin by Lily Method AM-AA-CA-R108-AB-755. The mean assay results are shown below.(Eds. note: The following table consists of 3 columns.)
Tissue Days of Withdrawal Narasin (ppm) abdominal fat 0.25 0.048 abdominal fat 1 NDR* abdominal fat 2 NDR * No detectable residues at the assay sensitivity of 20 ppbMetabolism data generated under NADA 118-980 has shown that microbiologically active residues of narasin represent one-third of the total residue present in abdominal fat at zero withdrawal. With that relationship, the 0.048 ppm residue value listed above for zero corresponds to approximately 0.15 ppm total residues, which is well below the 1.2 ppm safe concentration for narasin fat tissue. The residue non-interference studies described above confirm that each drug in the presence of the other does not exceed its approved safe concentration or tolerance. Therefore, these data support a zero withdrawal period for the use of this combination in broilers under CVM's combination drug policy.D. Assay Non-Interference Studies
1. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate assay
The non-interference on the assay for bacitracin MD by the presence of residues of narasin was demonstrated by the assay of control samples of chicken muscle tissue that were spiked with bacitracin MD (0.5 ppm) with and without narasin (0.5 ppm). The recovery values for the two sets of samples were comparable.
2. Narasin assay
The non-interference by residues of bacitracin MD on the narasin assay used in the non-interference study was determined by the assay of spiked chicken fat. Samples of control abdominal chicken fat were fortified with narasin (0.05 ppm), bacitracin MD (0.5 ppm), and roxarsone (0.2 ppm) and with bacitracin MD alone. The assay of those samples by Lilly Method AM-AA-CA-R108-AB-755 gave no detectable response for the bacitracin MD-fortified sample and an average narasin recovery of 90% for the samples fortified with the combination.
E. Regulatory Methods
1. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate
An analytical method for microbiologically active residues of bacitracin MD in tissues is
described in the following reports: 1) "Antibiotics Residue in Milk, Dairy Products and Animal Tissues: Methods, Reports, Protocols," National Center for Antibiotic Analyses,
Dept. HEW Washington DC 20204, Rev. October 1968; and 2) "Modified Method for Determination of Bacitracin in Tissue," Test Procedure Code 9A, A. L. Laboratories, Inc., One Executive Drive, PO Box 1399, Fort Lee, NJ 07024.2. Narasin
The use of narasin in broiler chickens was approved under NADA 118-980 without the need for a tolerance or an official regulatory method. However, analytical methods for the drug are available, and one example is the bioautographic method used in the residue non-interference studies for combination approved with this NADA. That method measures microbiologically active residues of narasin and has TLC and HPLC confirmation procedures. It is described in the following report: "Determination and Confirmation of Narasin Residues in Chicken Target Tissue, Abdominal Fat," Method AM-AA-CA-R108-AB- 755, Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield, Indiana 46140.
The data submitted in support of this NADA satisfy the requirements of Section 512 of the Act and demonstrate that narasin (54-72 g/ton) plus bacitracin methylene disalicylate (10-50 g/ton) are safe and effective for the claims indicated in Section II of this FOI Summary.VIII. LABELING:Pursuant to 21 CFR 514.106 (b)(2), this combination NADA approval is regarded as a Category II supplemental change which did not require a reevaluation of the safety and effectiveness data in the parent applications. The drugs are to be fed in Type C Medicated feeds, in accordance with Section II and III of the FOI Summary and the Blue Bird Labeling that is attached to this document.
Residue depletion studies in this application demonstrate that residues of narasin at 0-day withdrawal will be below the safe concentration of 1.2 ppm in skin with adhering fat. It has been determined that measurement of parent narasin in skin with adhering fat represents one-third of the total residue present. Therefore, the reported 0.048 ppm level of parent narasin in skin with adhering fat is well below one-third of the established safe concentration of 1.2 ppm in skin with adhering fat and is appreciably different from the previously reported values for narasin alone.
Residues of bacitracin methylene disalicylate in edible tissues are below the tolerance of 0.5 ppm established in 21 CFR 556.70. Adequate information was submitted to demonstrate non-interference between the assays for each drug. The approval of this application will not significantly increase human exposure to drug residues.
Non-interference studies demonstrate that narasin in the presence of bacitracin methylene disalicylate prevented an outbreak of coccidiosis when the birds were exposed to the six major species of Eimeria. The data from six well-controlled floor pen studies demonstrate the effectiveness of bacitracin methylene disalicylate for increased rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency in broiler chickens in the presence of narasin. The policy outlined in CVM's guideline for drug combinations for use in animals provides for the granting of range of approval for narasin (54 to 72 g/ton) for the prevention of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. mivati, E. necatrix , and E. tenella ; for bacitracin methylene disalicylate (10 to 50 g/ton) for increased rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency in broiler chickens.
Section 512(c)(2)(F)(ii) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, provides a three-year period of exclusivity to NADAs for previously approved active ingredients that require reports of new clinical or field investigations (other than bioequivalence or residue studies) and, in the case of food producing animals, human food safety studies (other than bioequivalence or residue studies) essential to the approval of the application and conducted or sponsored by the applicant. This new animal drug application qualifies for such an exclusivity period which will expire three years from the date of publication of the approval letter.
1. Blue Bird Broiler Ration Type C Medicated Feed package labelCopies of this label may be obtained by writing to the:
Freedom of Information Office
Center for Veterinary Medicine, FDA
7500 Standish Place
Rockville, MD 20855