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Materials
For DE
PROJECTS
Ceramic
Reliability for
Microturbine Hot Section Components
Understanding
the life limiting characteristics of advanced
materials, predicting component life, and detecting
processing or service degradation are key components
of developing reliable advanced energy sources.
Projects
Reliability
Evaluation of Microturbine Components
– Dr. H. T. Lin
Long-Term
Testing in Water Vapor Environments
– Dr. H.T. Lin/Dr. Matt Ferber
Reliability
Analysis of Microturbine Components
– Dr. Stephen Duffy
NDE
Technology Development
- Dr. Bill Ellingson
Posters
Advanced Microturbine Systems (PDF
854KB)
Collaborative
Evaluation of Ceramics for Gas Turbine Applications
(PDF
2.1MB)
Reliability
Evaluation of Microturbine Components
Contact:
Dr. H. T Lin
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Bethel Valley Rd
PO Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068
(865) 576-8857
linh@ornl.gov
Processes
used to fabricate complex shaped components,
and conditions of in-service exposure may introduce
flaws not typically present in simple certification
test specimens.  These
defects can result in inferior mechanical properties
in the components. The objective of this project
is to verify the mechanical properties of the
as-fabricated and engine tested components. Very
small test specimens (PDF
2.1MB) cut from complex ceramic components
will be used to measure and compare the mechanical
properties to standard test specimens at ambient
and elevated temperatures and atmospheres. Complex
components such as blades, nozzles, vanes
and rotors will be evaluated. The results
of this work will allow microturbine OEMs to
apply the generated database to advanced design
and life prediction methodologies. The results
will also be useful to material suppliers as
an aid to improving materials and processes.
The
latest and archived Quarterly Progress
Reports are available in the on-line
material in the Reports section.
Recent
Publications: Refer to the Bibliography section for more publications
Lin, H. T., M. K. Ferber, P. F. Becher, J. R. Price, M. van Roode, J. B. Kimmel, and O.D. Jimenez, “Characterization of First Stage Silicon Nitride Components After Exposure to an Industrial Gas Turbine,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 89 [1] 258-265 (2006). (PDF 2,536KB)
Lin, H. T. and M. K. Ferber, “Characterization of Mechanical Reliability of Silicon Nitride Microturbine Rotors,” Key Engineering Materials Vol. 287 (2005), pp. 393-403. (PDF 3,244KB)
Presentations: Refer to the Presentations section for additional presentations
Lin, H.T., Interagency CCSC Presentation, April 2006 (980KB PDF)
Lin, H. T., M. K. Ferber, S. B. Waters, and T. P. Kirkland, “Characterization of Mechanical Performance of NT154 Silicon Nitride Microturbine Rotor,” presented at the 30th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Cocoa Beach, FL, January 22-27, 2006. (PDF 4,295KB)
Lin, H. T. and M. K. Ferber, “Development of Silicon Nitride Ceramic Components for Advanced Turbine and Microturbine Systems,” Invited paper presented at the IX Conference of the European Ceramic Society, June 19-23, 2005, Protoroz, Slovenia. (PDF 2,348KB)
Lin, H. T., T. P. Kirkland, M. K. Ferber, A. M. Vartabedian, and V. K. Pujari, “Generation of NT154 Si3N4 Mechanical Database for Advanced Microturbine Applications,” presented at the 29th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites,” January 23-28, 2005, Cocoa Beach, FL. (PDF 2,124KB)
Long-Term
Testing in Water Vapor Environments (Project Completed)
Contact: Dr. H. T Lin
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Bethel Valley Rd
PO Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068
(865) 576-8857
linh@ornl.gov
The
deleterious effect of water vapor on silicon
nitride ceramics in turbine environments has
been well documented. The objective of this project
is to develop test facilities for evaluating
the influence of high pressure and high temperature
water vapor upon the long-term mechanical behavior
of monolithic ceramics with and without environmental
barrier coatings.
The
latest and archived Quarterly Progress
Reports are available in the on-line
material in the Reports section.
Recent
Publications: Refer to the Bibliography section for more publications
Ferber,
M. K., Lin, H. T., Parthasarathy, V., Wenglarz,
R., “Degradation of Silicon Nitrides in
High Pressure, Moisture Rich Environments,” ,
ASME GT2000-661, Proceedings of 2000 ASME Turbo
Expo, Land, Sea & Air, May 8-11, Munich,
Germany. (PDF
199KB)
Ferber,
M. K., Lin, H. T., Keiser, J., “Oxidation
Behavior of Non-Oxide Ceramics in a High-Pressure,
High-Temperature Steam Environment, Mechanical,
Thermal and Environmental Testing and Performance
of Ceramic Composites and Components, ASTM
STP 1392, M. G Jenkins, E. Lara-Curzio, S.T.
Gonczy, Eds., American Society for Testing
and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2000.
(PDF
306KB)
Ferber,
M. K., Lin, H. T., Parthasarathy, V., Brentnall,
W., “Degradation of Silicon Nitrides in
High Pressure, Moisture Rich Environments,” ASME
GT 1999-0000, Proceedings of 1999 ASME Turbo
Expo, Land, Sea & Air, June 7-10, Indianapolis,
Indiana, 1999. (PDF
993KB)
Recent Presentations: Refer to the Bibliography section for more presentations
Ferber,
M. K., Lin, H. T., “Mechanical Properties
Characterization of EBCs,” presented
at the DER/ORNL Environmental Barrier Coatings
Workshop, Nashville, TN, November 6-7, 2002.
(EBC Workshop PDF)
Reliability
Analysis of Microturbine Components
Contact:
Dr. Stephen Duffy
Connecticut Reserve Technologies, LLC
2997 Sussex Ct
Stow, OH 44224
(330) 678-7328
sduffy@crtechnologies.com
The application of advanced life prediction methods is essential for the successful utilization of structural ceramics (e.g., the next generation of silicon nitride) needed to achieve the temperature regimes requisite for significant fuel savings and emissions reductions in microturbines. Connecticut Reserve Technologies, LLC (CRT) will provide upgrades to two software algorithms (CARES and WeibPar) used in advanced life prediction and structural design. Within the WeibPar/CARES algorithms, CRT will provide updates that are compatible with the latest version of ANSYS, introduce new capabilities that will enable the user to have more control over probability of failure and effective area and effective volume analyses, and debug problems associated with the use of non-default elements and round off errors associated with cyclic fatigue analysis. Additionally, CRT will continue to provide support to DE industrial partners through a brittle materials reliability website, and provide interfacing support between ORNL’s IRASoft reliability software and CARES and WeibPar.
The
latest and archived Quarterly Progress
Reports are available in the on-line
material in the Reports section.
Recent
Publications: Refer to the Bibliography section for more publications
Duffy, Stephen, “Designing Advanced Ceramic Parts That Last’” ANSYS Solutions, Volume 7, Issue 1, p. 9-12, 2006. (PDF 8.8MB)
Duffy, S., Baker, E., Wereszczak, A., and Swab, J., “Weibull Analysis Effective Volume and Effective Area for a Ceramic C-Ring Test Specimen,” ASTM Journal of Testing and Evaluation Volume 33, Issue 4 (July 2005).
Wereszczak,
A., Caspe, R. J., Swab, Duffy, S.F., Baker,
E., “C-Ring
Strength of Advanced Monolithic Ceramics,” Ceramic
Engineering Sci & Proceedings Vol TBD, 2004,
Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference & Exposition
on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January
26-31, 2003, Cocoa Beach FL. (PDF
445KB)
Recent Presentations: Refer to the Bibliography section for more presentations
Kesseli,
J., Sullivan, S., Swaden, Duffy, S., Baker,
E., Ferber, M., Jonkowski, J., “Comparative
Materials Evaluation for a Gas Turbine Rotor,” 27th
Annual Conference on Composites, Materials,
and Structures, January 27-30, 2003, Cocoa
Beach FL. (PDF
2.1MB)
NDE
Technology Development
Contact:
Dr. William Ellingson
Argonne National laboratory
9700 South Cass Ave, MCT/212
Argonne, IL 60439-4838
(360) 252-5068
ellingson@anl.gov
Non-contact, nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technology reduces failure-causing flaws that may be present in complexly shaped components used in hot sections of microturbines and mid-sized industrial gas turbines, and thereby reduces the risk to engines that incorporate novel, developmental ceramic materials. Furthermore, this technology can be used to establish the “health” or in-service condition of hot section components.
The objective of this project is to develop cost-effective, reliable NDE technologies that can be implemented either by the ceramic component fabricator or the end user (the microturbine or mid-sized industrial gas turbine owner/operator). Since hot section components are all made of silicon-based ceramics, oxidation is a concern, environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are usually utilized. The NDE technologies under development, therefore, address issues related to these EBCs; uniformity of thickness and adhesion are of primary concern.
Various NDE technologies including high speed 3D x-ray computed tomography, laser–based elastic optical scatter, optical coherence tomography, and infrared thermal imaging methods are also under development. In cooperation with industrial partners such as Solar Turbines, Saint-Gobain, United Technology Research Center, several complexly shaped components such as blades, vanes, and combustor liners are being evaluated. Results not only reduce risk of engine failure when using parts made of new materials, but they also are useful to material suppliers as they continue to improve materials and processes.
The
latest and archived Quarterly Progress
Reports are available in the on-line
material in the Reports section.
Recent
Publications: Refer to the Bibliography section for more publications
Ellingson, W. A., Visher, R. J., Lipanovich, R. S. And Deemer, C. M. “Optical NDT Techniques for Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings,” Materials Evaluation, Vol. 64, Number 1, pgs 45-51, 2006. (PDF 1.41MB)
Sun, J. G., Deemer, C. M.,Ellingson, W. A. And Wheeler, J. “NDT Technologies for Ceramic Matrix Composites:Oxide and Nonoxide,” Materials Evaluation, Vol. 64, No. 1, pgs 52-60, 2006. (PDF 2.68MB)
Recent Presentations: Refer to the Bibliography section for more presentations
Ellingson, W. A., Deemer, C. M. Sun, J. G. and Koehl, E. R., “ NDE Technology for Ceramic Composites,” ASME/IGTI paper GT2006-91349, presented to the ASME Turbo-Expo 2006, Barcelona, Spain. (PDF 2.16MB)
W.A Ellingson, R.J. Visher, S. Hopson, R. Lipanovich, and C. Deemer, "Optical Nondestructive Evaluation Techniques for Environmental Barrier Techniques for Environmental Barrier Coating, " presented to Environmental Barrier Coatings Workshop, November 15-16, 2005, Nashville, TN. (PDF 2.54MB)
R. J. Visher, M. D. Shields, W. A. Ellingson, “Initial Investigation Of Optical Coherence Tomography For Nondestructive Evaluation Of Ceramic Coatings”, Presented To: American Ceramic Socitey 28th Annual International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January 25-30, 2004, Cocoa Beach, FL. (PDF 817KB)
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