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00.057.0.01.013. Carnation vein mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.057.0.01.013. Carnation vein mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Dianthus caryophyllus.

Natural host and symptoms
Dianthus caryophyllus — chlorotic and darker green spots, flecks and mottling. Flower breaking and malformation.

Dianthus barbatus — mottle.

Reference to Isolation Report
Kassanis (1954).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.057.0.01.013. Virus accession number: 57001013. Obsolete virus code: 57.0.1.0.013; superceded accession number: 57010013.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 82847.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: CVMoV. Acronym(s): CVMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is of the genus 00.057.0.01. Potyvirus in the family 00.057. Potyviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 790 nm and a width of 12 nm. Axial canal is distinct.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Hollings and Stone (1971, Borges et al. (1981).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 144 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 55-65°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 2-10 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2-5.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The genome has a base ratio of 21 % guanine; 25 % adenine; 28 % cytosine; 29 % uracil.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to bean yellow mosaic, pepper veinal mottle, pea mosaic, freesia streak, turnip mosaic (cabbage black ring strain) and watermelon mosaic 2 viruses (Borges, 1981). The virus does not show serological relationships to turnip mosaic (tigridia mosaic strain), narcissus degeneration, clover yellow vein, narcissus yellow stripe, hippeastrum mosaic, potato veinal necrosis, iris mosaic, potato Y, sugar beet mosaic, tobacco severe etch and lettuce mosaic viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are for electron microscopy use leaf sap, virus aggregates are found in plant membranes. CVMV can be distinguished from carnation latent virus either by ISEM decoration or by inoculation to Chenopodium amaranticolor, which carnation latent infects systemically, but CVMV does not.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Portulacaceae, Tetragoniaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Atriplex hortensis, Beta vulgaris, Celosia argentea, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Dianthus barbatus, Dianthus caryophyllus, Gomphrena globosa, Lychnis chalcedonica, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Portulaca oleracea, Rumex obtusifolius, Saponaria vaccaria, Silene armeria, Silene pendula, Silene vulgaris, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of chlorotic and necrotic local lesions rarely systemic.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, or Asclepiadaceae, Begoniaceae, Boraginaceae, Caryophyllaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, or Cucurbitaceae, Dipsacaceae, Geraniaceae, Gramineae, Labiatae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Lythraceae, Malvaceae, Nyctaginaceae, or Onagraceae, Oxalidaceae, Papaveraceae, Phytolaccaceae, or Plantaginaceae, Polemoniaceae, Polygonaceae, Primulaceae, or Ranunculaceae, Resedaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, or Tropaeolaceae, Umbelliferae, Verbenaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus esculentus, Ageratum houstonianum, Alonsoa warscewiczii, Anchusa azurea, Antirrhinum majus, Apium graveolens, Aquilegia coerulea, Arachis hypogaea, Asclepias curassavica, Avena sativa, Begonia semperflorens, Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Calendula officinalis, Callistephus chinensis, Calystegia sepium, Capsicum frutescens, Catharanthus roseus, Cheiranthus cheiri, Chenopodium capitatum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Convolvulus arvensis, Convolvulus tricolor, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Datura stramonium, Digitalis purpurea, Dipsacus fullonum ssp. sylvestris, Emilia sagittata, Fagopyrum esculentum, Geranium robertianum, Glycine max, Gomphocarpus fruticosus, Gomphrena globosa, Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, Lathyrus odoratus, Lychnis dioica, Lythrum salicaria, Melandrium album, Mimulus luteus, Mirabilis jalapa, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana glutinosa x N. clevelandii, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Ocimum basilicum, Oenothera biennis, Oxalis corniculata, Papaver rhoeas, Pelargonium x domesticum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phlox drummondii, Physalis floridana, Phytolacca americana, Pisum sativum, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum persicaria, Primula malacoides, Reseda odorata, Rheum rhaponticum, Senecio cruentus, Senecio vulgaris, Solanum melongena, Solanum tuberosum, Torenia fournieri, Trifolium incarnatum, Tropaeolum majus, Verbena hybrida, Verbesina encelioides, Vicia faba, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium amaranticolor — chlorotic and necrotic local lesions; not systemic.

Chenopodium quinoa — chlorotic spots, local lesions; systemic spotting.

Silene pendula — necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorotic or necrotic spots (Tochihara et al., 1975).

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Chenopodium quinoa, Dianthus barbatus.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L), Chenopodium amaranticolor (L).

References to host data: Hollings and Stone (1977, Tochihara et al. (1975).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasmic inclusions (just inside, in a single, thin layer between two membranes).

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are pinwheels. Inclusions are dense bands, loops and circles (Weintraub, 1970) or tubular structures (Bergtrup, 1976). Inclusions do not contain mature virions. Other cellular changes include elongated nuclei with abnormally electron dense areas of chromatin.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide (wherever carnations are grown).

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Hollings et al. (1977, Poupet et al. (1981). Stocks freed from virus by tip propagation and heat treatment.

References

Begtrup, J. (1976). Phytopath. Z. 86: 127.

Borges, M. de L.V., Sequeira, JC and Louro, D. (1981). Bolm Soc. broteriana 53: 933.

Hollings, M. and Stone, O.M. (1977). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 78, 4 pp.

Hollings, M., Stone, O.M., Atkey, P.T. and Barton, R.J. (1977). Ann. appl. Biol. 85: 59.

Hooper, G.R. and Weise, M.V. (1972). Virology 47: 664.

Kassanis, B. (1954). Nature, Lond. 173: 1097.

Poupet, A, Jacquemont, R., Beck, D., Onesto, J.P. and Delomon, D. (1981). C. r. S‚anc. Acad. Agric. Fr. 65: 427.

Tochihara, H., Idei, T., Yabuki, S. and Fukumoto, F. (1975). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 41: 390.

Weintraub, M. and Ragetli, H.W.S. (1970). Virology 40: 868.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 153 by J.R. Moran, M. Verhoyen and G. van Caneghem, 1987.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 78.



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ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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