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1. Differences in Community Colleges' Missions: Evidence from California (EJ821774)
Author(s):
Gill, Andrew M.; Leigh, Duane E.
Source:
Economics of Education Review, v28 n1 p74-79 Feb 2009
Pub Date:
2009-02-00
Pub Type(s):
Information Analyses; Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Community Characteristics; Community Needs; Community Colleges; Labor Market; Specialization; Institutional Mission; Institutional Characteristics; College Curriculum; Transfer Policy; Vocational Education; Correlation; College Environment; Resource Allocation; Economics
Abstract: Using data for 108 colleges in the California Community College System, this paper poses two questions. First, do California community colleges differ in their missions? Second, if they do, can inter-college differences in missions be explained? We address the first question by developing college-specific measures of curriculum mix, which we use to characterize colleges as to their curriculum emphases and specializations. We find that colleges differ in the extent to which they offer a transfer specialization or a nontransferable voc-ed specialization. Turning to the second question, we attempt to explain inter-college differences in curriculum emphasis and specialization with institutional variables including student demographics, labor market characteristics, and community characteristics. While not strong, we view our results as suggesting that curriculum emphases and specializations are related to student demographics and community needs. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. E-Learning Adoption: The Role of Relative Advantages, Trialability and Academic Specialisation (EJ823268)
Hsbollah, Hafizah Mohamad; Idris, Kamil Md.
Campus-Wide Information Systems, v26 n1 p54-70 2009
2009-00-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Descriptors: Factor Structure; Foreign Countries; Computer Attitudes; Technology Integration; Technology Uses in Education; Electronic Learning; Regression (Statistics); Instructional Innovation; Performance Factors; Questionnaires; Mail Surveys; Teacher Surveys; Attribution Theory; Specialization; College Faculty
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate Universiti Utara Malaysia UUM lecturers' perception of the decision regarding adopting e-learning as a teaching tool. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 244 lecturers in Universiti Utara Malaysia. Internal consistency using Cronbach alpha and exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation was conducted to confirm the measurement used. Logistic regression was run to examine factors influencing the adoption of e-learning as a teaching tool among lecturers in UUM. Findings: After performing reliability and validity tests of the instrument, only six factors were included in the framework out of nine factors affecting adoption. The research model showed a reasonably good fit with the data and empirical results confirm that only relative advantages, trialability and academic specialisation positively influence the adoption decision. Thus, the findings have provided evidence of the importance of relative advantages, trialability and academic specialisation in understanding the adoption decision before introducing new online technology and instructional delivery in education. Research limitations/implications: The measurement of perception was accessed after the adoption process might contribute to post-adoption experience, and the findings are limited to a specific sample that somewhat minimises the generalisability of the result. Future research should aim at examining the proposed framework in a broader range of public higher learning institutions that use e-learning application in delivering knowledge. Originality/value: The research provides a new perspective on lecturers' adoption of new technology and focuses on the substance of the instrumentation. (Contains 5 tables and 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. Reinventing Gerocounseling in Counselor Education as a Specialization (EJ825383)
Foster, Thomas; Kreider, Val
Educational Gerontology, v35 n2 p177-187 Feb 2009
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Mental Health; Age Differences; Aging (Individuals); Educational Gerontology; Counselor Training; Specialization; Counseling; Curriculum Development; Higher Education
Abstract: Recent trends in counselor education are moving away from a standardized academic track in gerocounseling. We propose three types of academic models (integrated in-house, out-of-house, and combined) that provide greater academic freedom to counselor education faculty who wish to construct a gero-specialization specific in their program.
4. Increases in Language Lateralization in Normal Children as Observed Using Magnetoencephalography (EJ808573)
Ressel, Volker; Wilke, Marko; Lidzba, Karen; Lutzenberger, Werner; Krageloh-Mann, Ingeborg
Brain and Language, v106 n3 p167-176 Sep 2008
2008-09-00
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions; Diagnostic Tests; Specialization; Language Processing; Age Differences; Children; Adolescents; Task Analysis; Verbs; Vowels; Performance; Cognitive Development
Abstract: Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies investigating hemispheric dominance for language have shown that hemispheric specialization increases with age. We employed magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate these effects as a function of normal development. In sum, 22 healthy children aged 7-16 years were investigated using two language tasks: a "verb-generation" (VG) task and a "vowel-identification" (VI) task. Significant hemispheric differences were found for both tasks in cerebral language areas using oscillatory MEG spectral analyses, confirming the MEG's ability to detect hemispheric specialization for language in children. Additionally, a significant increase of this lateralization as a function of age was observed for both tasks. As performance in the VI task showed no correlation with age, this increase seems to be unrelated to performance. These results confirm an increase in hemispheric specialization as a function of normal brain maturation. (Contains 4 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. PISA Test Items and School Textbooks Related to Science: A Textual Comparison (EJ797400)
Hatzinikita, Vassilia; Dimopoulos, Kostas; Christidou, Vasilia
Science Education, v92 n4 p664-687 Jul 2008
2008-07-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Foreign Students; Visual Aids; Specialization; Test Construction; Comparative Analysis; Learning Modalities; Textbooks; Academic Achievement; Test Items; Science Tests
Abstract: The paper compares the nature of the textual construction of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) science test items and the Greek school science textbooks. This nature is determined by the interplay of the notions of classification (content specialization) and formality (code specialization) modulated by both the linguistic and the visual expressive modes. The results of the relevant analysis showed that the textual materials employed in PISA and in school textbooks are oppositional in nature. Specifically, while the linguistic mode of the PISA items tends to resemble texts falling within the public domain (nonspecialized content and code), the corresponding visual mode tends to resemble texts of the esoteric domain (specialized content and code) thus familiarizing students with the specialized conventions and ways of representing entities falling within the realm of technoscientific knowledge. On the other hand, school science textbooks tend to employ the linguistic and the visual mode in exactly the opposite way. These differences between PISA science items and school science textbooks could contribute to a disorientation of the students in relation to what is expected in each specific context. This disparity could potentially be one of the factors explaining the low level of Greek students' attainment in PISA. (Contains 10 tables and 4 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
6. Cultural Diversity as an Engine for Knowledge Development (EJ810459)
Durand, Charles X.
Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, v5 n3 p149-164 Jul 2008
Descriptors: Science and Society; Science History; Global Approach; World History; War; Creativity; Cultural Pluralism; Identification; Human Geography; Nationalism; Specialization; Professional Isolation
Abstract: This article first attempts to supply a definition of peoples' identity as scientific as possible and takes a close look at the conditions that make creativity possible. The study of science history clearly indicates that the periods of great creativity were those when communication was sufficient to make remote partners stimulate one another but not to the point where exchanges would be easy enough to level their differences and oppose their diversity. Globalization and the strong will of the people who promote it to make the world uniform stifle cultural diversity and create conditions for a regression. Technoscience, which is wrongly considered as Science, is in the process of stifling true science, which aims to develop our understanding of nature. In a world of instant communications that naturally tend to lower differences, it is essential for us to reinforce identities and cultures if we want to stay original, to keep contributing to knowledge development, and working toward universality. (Contains 12 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. A Renaissance in Engineering PhD Education (EJ810749)
Akay, Adnan
European Journal of Engineering Education, v33 n4 p403-413 Aug 2008
2008-08-00
Journal Articles; Opinion Papers
Descriptors: Engineering Education; Doctoral Programs; Engineering; Specialization; Postsecondary Education as a Field of Study; Educational Change; Educational Indicators; Curriculum Development; Educational Objectives; Educational Philosophy; Educational Principles; Performance Factors
Abstract: This paper addresses the role of engineering PhD education and its relationship to innovation and technology, and the need to reconsider how we educate PhD engineers. Much of the effort on engineering education in the last two decades focused on undergraduate education with a few exceptions that relate to master degree programs. Doctoral education in engineering prepares the next generation faculty, researchers, and technology leaders and warrants our attention. Whilst current education has been largely responsible for technological advances, there is a need for a new model of engineering PhD education that prepares renaissance engineers. This paper focuses on the doctoral education and its role in the USA; however, the issues addressed are universal among the countries that offer PhD degrees in engineering. (Contains 3 tables and 28 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
8. Investigations of Hemispheric Specialization of Self-Voice Recognition (EJ815835)
Rosa, Christine; Lassonde, Maryse; Pinard, Claudine; Keenan, Julian Paul; Belin, Pascal
Brain and Cognition, v68 n2 p204-214 Nov 2008
2008-11-00
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions; Specialization; Recognition (Psychology); Auditory Perception; Identification
Abstract: Three experiments investigated functional asymmetries related to self-recognition in the domain of voices. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to identify one of three presented voices (self, familiar or unknown) by responding with either the right or the left-hand. In Experiment 2, participants were presented with auditory morphs between the self-voice and a familiar voice and were asked to perform a forced-choice decision on speaker identity with either the left or the right-hand. In Experiment 3, participants were presented with continua of auditory morphs between self- or a familiar voice and a famous voice, and were asked to stop the presentation either when the voice became "more famous" or "more familiar/self". While these experiments did not reveal an overall hand difference for self-recognition, the last study, with improved design and controls, suggested a right-hemisphere advantage for self-compared to other-voice recognition, similar to that observed in the visual domain for self-faces. (Contains 1 table and 3 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. The Relevance of the Sectoral Approach in European Training Cooperation (EJ808776)
Tutschner, Herbert; Heb, Erik; Spottl, Georg
European Journal of Vocational Training, v44 n2 p162-180 2008
2008-00-00
Descriptors: Vocational Education; Foreign Countries; Concept Teaching; Classification; Macroeconomics; Definitions; Semantics; Specialization; Qualifications; Competence; Standard Setting; Training Methods; Concept Formation; Regional Programs
Abstract: In the debate on vocational training in Europe the sectoral approach has been referred to for some time now, as the authorities expect that this will ensure, above all, a greater involvement of the social partners. But it remains unclear exactly what is understood by the term "sector". It is used in discussions as a standard, pragmatic phrase rather than as the result of particular research. An attempt is made below to define this term for the purposes of vocational training policy and to demonstrate the opportunities offered by the use of sector references for European vocational training, including reference to the debate on the European Qualification Framework (EQF) and the European Credit Transfer Systems (ECVET) for vocational training. (Contains 10 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
10. Health and Human Services for Persons who Stutter and Education of Logopedists in East-European Countries (EJ796980)
Fibiger, Steen; Peters, Herman F. M.; Euler, Harald A.; Neumann, Katrin
Journal of Fluency Disorders, v33 n1 p66-71 Mar 2008
2008-03-00
Descriptors: Health Services; Stuttering; Educational Objectives; Identification; Mail Surveys; Speech Language Pathology; Foreign Countries; Specialization; Therapy; Communication Disorders; Prevention; Human Services
Abstract: The International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP) assessed the therapy status of fluency disorders, service opportunities, and education of logopedists (speech-language pathologists) with a mail survey in Eastern Europe. Information was collected on the following aspects: incidence, prevalence, availability of information, non-therapeutic support for persons who stutter (PWS), providers of diagnostics and therapy, cooperating professionals, therapy approaches, forms, goals, financing, early detection and prevention, training of professionals, specialization in stuttering therapy, needs for improving the situation of PWS, and problems which hinder better care. Stuttering therapy for children is available in many countries and is frequently provided by the educational system. Therapy for adults is provided best by the health services but is not satisfactorily available everywhere. Modern therapeutic approaches coexist with obsolete ones. Lack of resources, awareness, entitlement, and assessment of therapy effectiveness are pervasive problems. Educational objectives: Readers will be able to describe and evaluate: (1) the therapy status of fluency disorders and service opportunities in various East-European countries; (2) the training of logopedists (speech-language pathologists); (3) specialization in stuttering therapy; and (4) the organizational services for PWS within the health and human service systems. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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