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Note: * indicates required field. Updated:06/26/1998

Detailed Information
Permitting Authority: HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

County: HONOLULU AFS Plant ID: 15-003-00019

Facility: USAF HICKAM

*Document Type: Engineering Report
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COVERED SOURCE PERMIT REVIEW - 0209-01-C

FACILITY TITLE: Hickam Air Force Base

APPLICANT: 15th Air Base Wing, United States Air Force

UTM COORDINATES: 607,750 m East
2,360,200 m North (Zone 4)

RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL: Colonel Ann Testa

Commander, 15th Air Base Wing

(808) 449-6341

POINT OF CONTACT: Mr. Melvin Muraoka

(808) 449-1584, ext. 201

MAILING ADDRESS: 15 CES/CEV

75 H Street

Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii 96853-5233

PROPOSED PROJECT:
Hickam Air Force Base (HAFB) is located 9 miles northwest of Honolulu. The base encompasses 2,760 acres and 3,000 buildings and is occupied by the 15th Air Force, the Hawaii National Guard, and other tenants. Hickam AFB shares runways with the Honolulu International Airport under a joint-use agreement. The Standard Industrial Classification Code (SICC) for Hickam Air Force Base is 9711 (National Security/Air Force). Hickam’s activities are primarily in support of air squadron activities, including ground support for aircraft; fueling operations for aircraft and motor vehicles; jet engine testing facilities; maintenance and repair shops, stores, and painting operations. Residential housing and schools are also located on-base. The facility currently has permits for the following equipment:

•Permit to Operate (PTO) P-556-1134 for the operation of a silver reclamation processor located at Bishop Point

•PTO P-585-1230 for the operation of a waste incinerator located at Bishop Point

•PTO P-1042-1564 for the operation of a Sand Blast Facility with dust collector located at building 1055

•Authority to Construct A-1092-993 for the operation of two 50 HP boilers at building 1860.

•Noncovered source permit 0027-01-N is for a power check pad with noise suppressor located at building 354 that is operated by the Hawaii Air National Guard.

All of the aforementioned equipment, with the exception of the Sand Blast Facility, are to be incorporated into this covered source permit. The Sand Blast Facility has been classified as an insignificant activity because potential emissions are less than one ton per year.

The facility has a potential to emit carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in excess of one hundred tons per year, and therefore is a major covered source. Emission units are presented in Tables 1 through 6

Table 1A: Heating Units (Heat Input > 1 MMBtu/hr) - Boilers

Unit ID No.	Building Location	Manufacturer	Model	Heat Input Capacity (MMBtu/hr)	Fuel
B-906A	906	Cleaver Brooks	M4P-2000	2.0	Diesel No. 2
B-906B	906	York Shipley	SPHV-40-2	1.3	Diesel No. 2
B-1860A	1860	Aztec	5-4-205	2.1	Diesel No. 2
B-1860B	1860	Aztec	5-4-205	2.1	Diesel No. 2

The facility also has boilers which would be considered insignificant individually, but have a total heat input of greater than 5 MMBtu/hr, and thus are considered significant. The boiler units are as follows:

Table 1B: Other Heating Units (Total Heat Input > 5 MMBtu/hr) - Boilers

Unit ID No.	Building Location	Manufacturer	Model	Heat Input Capacity (MMBtu/hr)	Fuel
B-2045A	2045	Polyshield	3.8P90AQ	0.540	Diesel No. 2
B-2045B	2045	Polyshield	3.8P90AQ	0.540	Diesel No. 2
B-2010	2010	York Shipley	300TVB 16	0.536	Diesel No. 2
B-924	924	Bock	361	0.274	Diesel No. 2
B-1055	1055	Bock	361	0.417	Diesel No. 2
B-1120	1120	Bock	361	0.420	Diesel No. 2
B-1815A	1815	Bock	361	0.420	Diesel No. 2
B-1815B	1815	Bock	361	0.420	Diesel No. 2
B-1843A	1843	Bock	361	0.420	Diesel No. 2
B-1843B	1843	Bock	361	0.420	Diesel No. 2
B-1852A	1852	Bock	51PP	0.154	Diesel No. 2
B-1852B	1852	Bock	51PP	0.154	Diesel No. 2
B-1854A	1854	Bock	51PP	0.154	Diesel No. 2
B-1854B	1854	Bock	51PP	0.154	Diesel No. 2
B-1856A	1856	Bock	51PPC	0.154	Diesel No. 2
B-1856B	1856	Bock	51PPC	0.154	Diesel No. 2
B-2019A	2019	Bock	5/3000EHOV	0.440	Diesel No. 2
B-2019B	2019	Bock	5/3000EHOV	0.440	Diesel No. 2
B-2019C	2019	Bock	5/3000EHOV	0.440	Diesel No. 2
B-2019D	2019	Bock	5/3000EHOV	0.440	Diesel No. 2
		TOTAL HEAT INPUT (MMBtu/hr)		7.091

Table 2: Internal Combustion Engines

Unit ID No.	Building Location	Power Output (kW)	Horsepower	Annual Maximum Hours Operation	Fuel
G-222	1210	5	6.707	500	Gasoline
G-066	2006	6.5	8.719	500	Gasoline
G-500	2006	6.5	8.719	500	Gasoline
G-502	2006	6.5	8.719	500	Gasoline
G-923	2006	6.5	8.719	500	Gasoline
G-658	11641	48	64.39	8760	Gasoline
G-675	11641	48	64.39	8760	Gasoline
G-760	11641	48	64.39	8760	Gasoline
G-762	11641	48	64.39	8760	Gasoline

Table 3: Aircraft Engine Test Operations

Unit ID No.	Building Location	Type of Test Cell	Engine Tested	Permitted Annual Hours Operations
TC-11666	HNG¹	Aircraft Engine Test Facility ("Hush House")	F-15 (F-100PW)	416
TC-11665A	HNG	Portable Engine Test Stand	F-15 (F-100PW)	8,760
TC-11665B	HNG	Portable Engine Test Stand	C-130 (T56-15)	8,760

¹ HNG = Hawaii National Guard

Table 4: Incinerators

Unit ID No.	Location	Incinerator Type	Manufacturer	Model	Number of Chambers	Incineration Rate (Maximum)	Fuel Type
I-1097	Bishop Point	Silver Reclamation	Fairchild	1150-300	1	900 lbs/month	Propane
I-83366	Fort Kamehameha Road	Type “O”	Advanced Combustion	N/A	2	500 lbs/wk	Diesel

TABLE 5: FUELING OPERATIONS

Unit ID No.	Building Location	Transfer Operation (Delivery Into)	Type of Fuel	Potential Annual Fuel Transfers (Gallons)
Air Craft Fuel Transfer (ACFT) Fueling Operations
F-Truck-A	Area 11	Tank Trucks	JP-8	98,800,000
Government Owned Vehicle (GOV) Fueling Operations
F-Truck-G	Areas 9 & 11	Tank Trucks	Diesel Gasoline JP-8	142,000 135,000 2,110

Table 6: Organic Solvent Cleaning Units

Unit ID No.	Building Location	Solvent	Remote Reservoir	Drying Rack
D-1045A	1045	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-1055A	1055	PD-680-2	N	Y
D-1055B	1055	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-1055C	1055	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-1055D	1055	PD-680-2	N	Y
D-1055E	1055	PD-680-2	N	Y
D-1073A	1073	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-1073B	1073	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-1073C	1073	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-1073D	1073	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-1720	1720	PD-680-2	Y	Y
D-2002A	2002	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-2002B	2002	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-2002C	2002	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-2002D	2002	Bio T Partswash - NR	Y	Y
D-2020	2020	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-2030	2030	PD-680-2	N	Y
D-3044	3044	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3380	3380	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3386	3386	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3400A	3400	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3400B	3400	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3416A	3416	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3416B	3416	Ashland 140	N	Y
D-3416C	3416	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3424A	3424	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-3424B	3424	Smart Washer SW-1	N	Y
D-3424C	3424	2EP Dyna 143	N	Y
D-4002A	4002	SK 105	Y	Y
D-4002B	4002	SK 105	Y	Y

AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS:

Heater-Boilers: None

Internal Combustion Engines: None

Engine Test Operations: None

Incinerators: None

Storage Tanks: Floating Roofs

Fueling Operations and Equipment Fugitive Emissions: None

Organic Solvent Cleaning Units: None.

APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS:

Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR).
Chapter 11-59, Ambient Air Quality Standards
Chapter 11-60.1 Air Pollution Control

Subchapter 1, General Requirements

Subchapter 2, General Prohibitions

11-60.1-31 Applicability

11-60.1-32 Visible Emissions.

11-60.1-33 Fugitive Dust.

11-60.1-34 Motor Vehicles.

11-60.1-35 Incineration.
11-60.1-38 Sulfur Oxides From Fuel Combustion.
11-60.1-39 Storage of Volatile Organic Compounds.
Subchapter 5, Covered Sources.
Subchapter 6, Fees for Covered Sources, Noncovered sources, and Agricultural Burning

NON-APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS:

NSPS:
Incinerators:
The total amount of materials charged per incinerator is less than 50 tons per day. Therefore, both of the two incinerators at the facility are not subject to 40 CFR 60.50, Standards of Performance for Incinerators, (Subpart E).

Storage Tanks:
Tanks T-986A, T-986B, and T-986C are not subject to any storage tank NSPS (40 CFR 60, Subparts K, Ka, Kb). The tanks were constructed in 1965, and thus are exempt from federal NSPS requirements since federal regulations apply only to tanks constructed or modified after July 23, 1984..

The provisions of 40 CFR 60, Subpart K, Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels currently do not apply to storage tanks T-Area 11-1, T-Area 11-2, T-Area 11-4, and T-Area 11-5, as the vapor pressure of the contents (JP-8) is less than 1.0 psi.

Storage tank T-Area 11-3 is also exempt from the provisions of 40 CFR 60, Subpart K, 60.111(b) because the vapor pressure of the stored liquid (diesel) is less than 1.0 psi.

NESHAPS: The facility does not emit any Hazardous Air Pollutant regulated by 40 CFR subpart 63 at significant levels, and thus National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) is not an applicable requirement.

CDS: CDS reporting requirements apply only to covered sources. The facility is a covered source, and thus is subject to CDS reporting.

NEDS: 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart Q - Air Quality Data Reporting, determines NEDS applicability based on the emissions of each pollutant in comparision with the NEDS triggering levels shown on Table 7:

Table 7: Comparison of NEDS Triggering Levels

Pollutant	NEDS Triggering Levels	Emissions (TPY)
PM₁₀	25	10
SO₂	25	9.31
NO_x	25	53.9
CO	250	529
VOC	25	120

Because emissions within the facility equals or exceeds the NEDS triggering levels, the permittee is subject to NEDS reporting.

BACT REQUIREMENTS:
A Best Available Control Technology (BACT) Analysis is required for new or modified sources that have the potential to cause a net increase of air emissions above significant levels as defined in HAR Chapter 11-60.1. The subject facility is an existing facility that does not propose any new sources or modifications to the existing sources. Therefore, BACT does not apply.

INSIGNIFICANT ACTIVITIES/EXEMPTIONS:
The insignificant activities reported by the facility are presented in Table 8.

Table 8: Insignificant Activities

Source Category	Insignificant Nature of Activity	Insignificant Emission Unit ID No.⁽¹⁾	DOH Regulation
Heating units B-RLPG Residential, LPG-fired units (39)	Heat input < 5 MMBtu/hr	B-309, B-320, B-333, B-344, B-358, B-369, B-415, B-470, B-471, B-484, B-496, B-559, B-623, B-725, B-814, B-815, B-869, B-870, B-900, B-918, B-922, B-934, B-940, B-941, B-969, B-970, B-998, B-999, B-1113, B-1153, B-1166, B-1168, B-1172, B-3417A, B-3417B, B-3417C, B-3465, B-3572	11-60.1-82(f)(3)
Stationary IC engines⁽²⁾	Heat input < 1 MMBtu/hr, aggregate heat input capacity < 5 MMBtu/hr; Emergency equipment used during power outages and fire water system pumps that are fired with natural gas, LPG, fuel oil Nos. 1 or 2, or diesel fuel Nos. 1D or 2D	G-343, G-444, G-476, G-796, G-512, G-513, G-147, G-429, G-203, G-040, G-001, G-130, G-192, G-010, G-690, G-099, G-617, G-050, G-818, G-110, G-967, G-349, G-634, G-789, G-255, G-623, G-108, G-066, G-070, G-067, G-475, G-864., G-190, G-784, G-774, G-532, G-543, G-592, G-223	11-60.1-82(f)(2) 11-60.1-82(f)(5) 11-60.1-82(g)(8)
Volatile organic liquid storage tanks	Capacity _ 40,000 gallons	T-906, T-924, T-986A, T-986B, T-1037A, T-1037B, T-1037C, T-1037D, T-1050A, T-1050B, T-1052, T-1055, T-1109A, T-1109B, T-1110, T-1120, T-1728, T-1760A, T-1760B, T-1815, T-1843, T-1852, T-1854, T-1856, T-1860, T-2010, T-2021A, T-2021B, T-2021C, T-2028, T-2030A, T-2030B, T-2030C, T-2045, T-2060, T-2072A, T-2072B, T-2072C, T-2072D, T-2093, T-2115, T-2125A, T-2125B, T-2156A, T-2156B, T-2170A, T-2170B, T-2173A, T-2173B, T-2184, T-3006A, T-3006B, T-3006C, T-3020A, T-3020B, T-3200, T-3380, T-3395, T-3429A, T-3455, T-3505, T-3570 T-3576A, T-3576B, T-3592, T-4057A, T-4057B, T-4069, T-11665A, T-11665B, T-11666A, T-11666B, T-83366	11-60.1-(f)(1)
	Vapor pressure < 1 psi	T- Area 11-1, T- Area 11-2, T- Area 11-3, T- Area 11-4, T- Area 11-5	40 CFR 60.111(b)
	Date of Construction	T-Area 5-1, T-Area 5-2, T-Area 5-3, T-986A, T-986B, T-986C	40 CFR 60.110(c)
Spray painting booths	Units which are not subject to CAA Section 112(d)	PB-1055A, PB-1203, PB-2001, PB-3424, PB-4002A, PB-4002B, PB-1720, PB-1055B, PB-3407	11-60.1-82(f)(6)
Aircraft fuel cell maintenance	Maintenance operations on fuel cells with storage capacities _ 40,000 gallons	Individual fuel cells on KC-135, C-130, F-15 and R-11 aircraft	11-60.1-82(f)(1)
Sand Blast Facility	Other activities as determined on a case-by-case basis to be insignificant by the director	S-1055	11-60.1-82(f)(7)

⁽¹⁾ Indicated boiler unit ID number corresponds with building location. (e.g., Unit B-2045A is located at Building 2045.)
⁽²⁾ All insignificant IC engines are diesel fired. Listed units G-343 through G-005 are fire system pumps; listed units G-512 through G-864 are standby generators.

ALTERNATE OPERATING SCENARIOS: None

PROJECT EMISSIONS:
Volatile organic compounds are the primary air pollutants emitted from Hickam Air Force Base, resulting mostly from on-base fueling. However, potential emissions for carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds all exceed the major source thresholds. Hickam Air Force Base has identified actual and potential emissions for all significant and insignificant sources of air pollution. A discussion of emission estimate methods and emission factors is provided on a source-specific basis in the sections which follow. Table 20 provides a summary of total emissions on an emissions-unit basis. Total potential criteria air pollutant emissions are presented in Table 21, and total potential hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions are presented in Table 22.

Actual emission estimates for calendar year 1995 were reported by Hickam Air Force Base using standard emission factors, mass balance equations, emission models, and taking into account actual hours of operation and any other limiting factors. Hickam Air Force Base reported the total particulate emissions as PM₁₀ in instances where insufficient data were available or specific emission factors were unavailable to differentiate between total particulates and PM₁₀.

Fueling Operations:
Vapor displacement emissions from fueling operations were estimated by the appropriate fuel loading emission factors. The emission factors for fuel loading are dependent on fuel temperature, vapor pressure, molecular weight, and saturation factor. Emissions were estimated by multiplying the quantities of fuel transferred (for tanks-to-tank trucks, aircraft-to-tank trucks (de-fueling), tank trucks-to-aircraft, and hydrant system-to-aircraft) by the appropriate emission factors as defined by the following equation:

EF = 12.46 x [(M x P x S)/ T]

Where: EF = VOC emission factor (lb/1,000 gal. fuel transferred)

M = Fuel molecular weight (lb/lb mole)

P = True fuel vapor pressure (psia)

S = Saturation factor for fuel loading method (splash, top-loading, bottom loading, etc.)

T = Temperature of fuel loaded

The variables applied to the above equation for determining the emissions due to fueling operations are presented in Table 10. Assumptions used by Hickam Air Force Base were as follows:

(1) JP-8 liquid molecular weight is the same as the liquid molecular weight of jet kerosene;

(2) Gasoline used at the installation has a yearly average Reid vapor pressure of 10.5 psi;

(3) Submerged loading and dedicated normal service for aircraft and truck fueling operations;

(4) Splash loading, dedicated normal service for Government-Owned Vehicle (GOV) and Privately-Owned Vehicle (POV) fueling operations; and

(5) The average annual temperature for Honolulu is 77� F. Table 9 presents variables used in the fueling operations vapor displacement emission estimates.

Table 9: Fueling Operations Variables

	Fuel Transferred
Variable	JP-8DieselGasoline
Aircraft and Tank Truck Fueling Operations
M (lb/lb mole)	130⁽¹⁾130⁽¹⁾66⁽¹⁾
P (psia)	0.057⁽²⁾0.011⁽¹⁾7.200⁽⁴⁾
S⁽⁵⁾	0.60.60.6
T (� R)	537537537
EF (lb VOC/1,000 gallons)	0.1040.0206.60
Government-Owned Vehicle (GOV) and Privately-Owned Vehicle (POV) Fueling Operations
M (lb/lb mole)	130⁽¹⁾130⁽¹⁾66⁽¹⁾
P (psia)	0.057⁽²⁾0.011⁽¹⁾7.200^(3,4)
S⁽⁵⁾	1.451.451.45
T (� R)	537537537
EF (lb VOC/1,000 gallons)	0.2500.04815.9

⁽¹⁾ Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995. Table 7.1-2.
⁽²⁾ U.S. Air Force. Calculation Methods for Criteria Air Pollutant Emission Inventories. AL/OE-TR-1994-0049. Armstrong Laboratory. Brooks Air Force Base, TX. July 1994. Appendix B.
⁽³⁾ Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995. Table 7.1-13a.
⁽⁴⁾ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Gasoline Distribution Industry (Stage I) - Background Information for Proposed Standards (NESHAP). EPA 453-R-94-002a. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1994.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Gasoline Distribution Industry (Stage I) - Background Information for Promulgated Standards (NESHAP). EPA 453-R-94-002b. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. November 1994.

₍₅₎ Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995. Table 5.2-1.

Fuel spillage from fuel transfer operations were estimated by multiplying the quantities of fuel transferred by the fuel spillage emission factor (0.7 pound fuel spilled per 1,000 gallons transferred).

The hazardous air pollutant speciation profiles used for the estimates of hazardous air pollutants utilized the liquid-phase speciated profiles presented in Table 10:

Table 10: Liquid Phase Speciation Profiles

Liquid Fuel	Hazardous Air Pollutant	Percent Weight Content
JP-8⁽¹⁾	Benzene	Negligible (less than 0.1%)
	Ethylbenzene	Negligible (less than 0.1%)
	Hexane	Negligible (less than 0.1%)
	Toluene	Negligible (less than 0.1%)
	Xylenes	0.20
Gasoline⁽²⁾	Benzene	2.63
	Ethylbenzene	3.17
	Hexane	2.86
	Toluene	13.44
	1,2,4-Trimethylpentane	4.59
	Xylenes	24.22

⁽¹⁾ U.S. Air Force. Calculation Methods for Criteria Air Pollutant Emission Inventories. AL/OE-TR-1994-0049. Armstrong Laboratory. Brooks Air Force Base, TX. July 1994. Appendix B.
⁽²⁾ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Gasoline Distribution Industry (Stage I) - Background Information for Proposed Standards (NESHAP). EPA 453-R-94-002a. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1994. Table 3-1. (Gasoline vapor molecular weight of 66 lb/lb mole, and liquid molecular weight of 100 lb/lb mole was used.)

Fueling operation hazardous air pollutant emissions were estimated by taking the estimated weight percent of the pollutant in the fuel transfer vapor displacement emissions. The speciated vapor weight percentages of the individual hazardous air pollutants were obtained from TANKS3 output files used for emission estimates for the storage tanks, discussed below. Actual emission estimates were based on annual fuel operations of 2,080 hours. Potential emissions estimates were made by multiplying the actual emissions by the ratio 8,760/2,080 (i.e., 4.21). The emission factors used to estimate emissions from fueling operations are presented in Table 11.

Table 11: Fueling Operations Emission Factors

SourceFuelPollutantFactorUnitReference

Fueling OperationsJP-8
VOC0.7lb/1,000 gal fuel transferredAP-42⁽¹⁾

Benzene

Ethylbenzene

Hexane

Toluene

Xylenes

Thermally Stable Jet Fuel (JP-TS)VOC
0.7lb/1,000 gal fuel transferredAP-42⁽¹⁾

Benzene

Ethylbenzene

Hexane

Toluene

Xylenes

DieselVOCAP-42⁽¹⁾

Benzene

Ethylbenzene

Hexane

Toluene

Xylenes

GasolineVOCAP-42⁽¹⁾

Benzene

Ethylbenzene

Hexane

Toluene

Xylenes

2,2,4-Trimethyl-pentane

⁽¹⁾ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995.

Potential criteria and HAP emissions from fueling operations are shown in Tables 21 and 22. .

Fugitive Emissions from Fuel Transfer Equipment Leaks:
Emission estimates for fugitive emissions from fueling operations are provided by Hickam AFB for jet fuel (JP-8) service only, based on presumed insignificant fugitive emissions resulting from gasoline and diesel fueling station operations.

Fugitive emissions of volatile organic liquids due to fuel leaks from valves, pump seals, and open-ended lines were estimated by multiplying the appropriate emission factors by the number of components in service for that component type. For the purpose of selecting emission factors, jet fuel was considered as a “light liquid”.

Fugitive emissions for hazardous air pollutants due to fuel leaks from valves, pump seals, and open-ended lines were estimated by multiplying the total estimated fugitive volatile organic compound emission estimate by the individual hazardous compound’s liquid phase speciated profile shown in Table 10.

Fuel residence time for fuels was assumed to be 8,760 hours for both actual and potential emissions. Therefore emission estimates for actual and potential emissions are equal. The emission factors used to estimate emissions from components of the jet fuel transfer system are presented in Table 12:

Table 12: Jet Fuel Transfer System Emission Factors

Source	Fuel	Pollutant	Factor	Unit	Reference
Connector	JP-8	VOC	7.8x10^-6	kg/source-hr	⁽¹⁾
		Xylenes	0.20% of total JP-8 volatile organic compound emissions ²		⁽²⁾
Valve	JP-8	VOC	4.3x10^-5	kg/source-hr	⁽¹⁾
		Xylenes	0.20% of total JP-8 volatile organic compound emissions ²		⁽²⁾
Pump Seal	JP-8	VOC	5.3x10^-4	kg/source-hr	⁽¹⁾
		Xylenes	0.20% of total JP-8 volatile organic compound emissions ²		⁽²⁾
Open-ended Line	JP-8	VOC	1.3x10^-4	kg/source-hr	⁽¹⁾
		Xylenes	0.20% of total JP-8 volatile organic compound emissions ⁽²⁾		⁽²⁾

⁽¹⁾ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. White Paper entitled, “New Equipment Leak Emission Factors for Petroleum Refineries, Gasoline Marketing, and Oil and Gas Production Operations”. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. February 1995.
⁽²⁾ Xylene emission factor is from the liquid-phase speciated profile, determined from a publication of the U.S. Air Force: Calculation Methods for Criteria Air Pollutant Emission Inventories. AL/OE-TR-1994-0049. Armstrong Laboratory. Brooks Air Force Base, TX. July 1994.

Tables 20 and 21 include total potential criteria and HAP emissions from fuel transfer equipment leaks.

Boilers:
Emissions for the heating units (boilers) were made using fuel usage data with standard emission factors . Emission factors for the combustion of diesel fuel were assumed to be the same as those for the combustion of distillate oil. The emission factors were multiplied by the fuel usage to arrive at a pounds per year estimate of actual emissions. Potential emissions for the heating units were estimated by dividing the maximum annual fuel consumption with each unit’s rated heat input by the heating value of the fuel and then multiplying the resulting quotient by 8,760 hours. This value was then multiplied by the appropriate emission factor to estimate potential emissions. The emission factors used for the boilers are presented in table 13:

Table 13: Boiler Emission Factors

Source	Fuel	Pollutant	Factor	Unit	Reference
Boilers 0.3 MMBtu/hr to <100 MMBtu/hr²	Distillate Oil No. 2	CO	5	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Lead	0.00125	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
0.3 to > 100 MMBtu/hr	Distillate Oil No. 2	NO_x	20	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
< 0.3 MMBtu/hr	Distillate Oil No. 2	NO_x	18	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
0.3 to < 10 MMBtu/hr	Distillate Oil No. 2	PM10	1.08	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
<0.3 MMBtu/hr	Distillate Oil No. 2	PM10	1.65	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	SO₂	142 x (% sulfur of fuel)	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
0.3 to < 10 MMBtu/hr	Distillate Oil No. 2	VOC	0.34	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
< 0.3 MMBtu/hr	Distillate Oil No. 2	VOC	0.713	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Arsenic	0.000592	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Beryllium	0.000353	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Cadmium	0.00155	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Chromium	0.00812	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Formaldehyde	0.0450	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Manganese	0.00197	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Mercury	0.000423	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	Nickel	0.0240	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
All units	Distillate Oil No. 2	POM	0.00310	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.3
Boilers < 10 MMBtu/hr	Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) ^{3, 4}	CO	1.9	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.5
< 10 MMBtu/hr	Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) ^{3, 4}	NO_x	14	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.5
10 to 100 MMBtu/hr	Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) ^{3, 4}	PM10	0.6	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.5
< 10 MMBtu/hr	Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) ^{3, 4}	PM10	0.4	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.5
All units	Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) ^{3, 4}	SO₂	0.1 x (g sulfur/100 ft³)	lb/1000 gallons fuel	AP-42¹ Section 1.5
All units	Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) ^{3, 4}	VOC	0.5	lb/1000 gallons	AP-42¹ Section 1.5

¹ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995.
² Boilers: An emission factor for CO, NO_x, PM10, SO₂ and VOC was not specified for units >100 MMBtu/hr, so the emission factor listed for the next smaller unit was used.
³ No Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) factors were found in the Section cited.
⁴ No emission factors were specified for units < 0.3 MMBtu/hr, so the emission factor listed for the next larger (0.3 to 10 MMBtu/hr) units were used.

Total potential criteria and HAP emissions from boilers and heaters are shown in Tables 20 and 21, respectively.

Internal Combustion Engines:
Actual emissions for the stationary internal combustion (IC) engines were determined by multiplying the engine power output by a load factor (0.75 and 0.70 were assumed for diesel-and gasoline engines, respectively), times the appropriate emission factor, times the actual hours of operation for the unit. Potential emissions for the heating assumed that each IC engine unit could operate at full load (factor = 1.0). Standby generators were assumed to operate a maximum of 500 hours per year, while the remaining IC engines were assumed to operate 8,760 hours per year.

The emission factors used to estimate emissions from the IC engines are presented in Table 14. The engine power output rating in kilowatt units and annual maximum hours of operation were provided by Hickam AFB as shown in Table 2. Emission estimates assume 1.3414 horsepower per kilowatt and a brake-specific fuel consumption of 7,000 Btu per horsepower-hour.

Table 14: IC Engine Emission Factors

Source	Fuel	Pollutant	Factor	Unit	Reference
Gasoline-Fired, < 600 hp	Gasoline	CO	0.439	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		NO_x	0.011	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		PM10	7.21x10^-4	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		SO₂	5.91x10^-4	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		VOC	2.05x10^-2	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Acetaldehyde	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		Acrolein	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		Benzene	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		1.3-Butadiene	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		Formaldehyde	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		Naphthalene	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		POM	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		Toluene	NA	lb/MMBtu²
		Xylene	NA	lb/MMBtu²
Diesel Engines, _ 600 hp	Diesel	CO	6.68x10^-3	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		NO_x	0.031	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		PM10	2.20x10^-3	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		VOC	2.51x10^-3	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Acetaldehyde	7.67x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Acrolein	9.25 x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Benzene	9.33x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		1.3-Butadiene	3.91x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Formaldehyde	1.18x10^-3	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Naphthalene	8.48x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		POM	8.32x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Toluene	4.09x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Xylene	2.85x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
Diesel Engines, > 600 hp	Diesel	CO	5.29x10^-3	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		NO_x	0.024	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		PM10	4.01x10^-4	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		SO₂	8.09x10^-3(S)	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		VOC	7.28x10^-4	lb/hp-hr	AP-42¹ Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Acetaldehyde	2.52x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Acrolein	7.88x10^-6	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Benzene	7.76x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		1.3-Butadiene	No emission factor	lb/MMBtu²
		Formaldehyde	7.89x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Naphthalene	1.30x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		POM	8.20x10^-5	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Toluene	2.81x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4
		Xylene	1.93x10^-4	lb/MMBtu²	AP-42^1,2 Section 3.3 & 3.4

¹ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995.
² Factors are based on fuel input. Hickam Air Force Base assumed an average brake-specific fuel consumption value of 7,000 Btu/hp-hr.

Tables 20 and 21 include total potential criteria and HAP emissions from IC engines.

Incinerators:
Incinerator emissions were calculated by multiplying the estimated masses of waste materials incinerated with the appropriate emission factor for single and multiple chamber industrial/commercial incinerators. Potential emissions assumed that each incinerator operated 8,760 hours per year at their maximum permitted burn rates. The emission factors used to estimate incinerator emissions units are presented in the following table:

Table 15: Incinerator Emission Estimate Factors

Source	Fuel	Pollutant	Factor	Unit	Reference
Single-chamber silver reclamation incinerator	Waste photographic paper (burned)	CO	20.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42¹ Table 2.1-12
		NO_x	2.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42¹ Table 2.1-12
		PM10	5.7	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	FIRE²
		SO₂	2.5	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42¹ Table 2.1-12
		VOC	15.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42^1,3 Table 2.1-12
		Hydrochloric acid	10.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	FIRE²
Multiple chamber type “O” waste incinerator	Waste paper, wood, and cardboard	CO	10.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42¹ Table 2.1-12
		NO_x	3.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42¹ Table 2.1-12
		PM10	4.7	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	FIRE²
		SO₂	2.5	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42¹ Table 2.1-12
		VOC	3.0	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	AP-42^1,3 Table 2.1-12
		Hydrochloric acid	Negligible	lb emissions/ ton of waste burned	FIRE²

¹ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - Volume I (AP-42), 5th ed. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. January 1995.
² U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Factor Information Retrieval System (FIRE), Version 5.0. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. July 1995.
³ Emission factor is for Total Organic Compounds (TOC), assumed VOC = TOC.

Tables 20 and 21 include total potential criteria and HAP emissions from incineration.

Aircraft Engine Test Cells:
Emissions estimates for the actual aircraft engine test cells were provided by Hickam Air Force Base using appropriate emission factors multiplied by the estimated time in specified power settings for the engine, including “idle” and “military” modes. Actual testing operations were assumed to be over 2,080 hours annually. Potential emissions estimates were made by multiplying estimated actual emissions by the ratio 8,760/2,080 (i.e., 4.21).

The following emission factors were used to estimate aircraft engine testing emissions:

Table 16: Aircraft Engine Testing Factors

Source	Fuel	Pollutant	Factor	Unit	Reference
F-15 (F-100PW)	JP-4 ¹	CO	34.08	lb/hr	²
Aircraft Engines: Idle Mode		NO_x	4.69	lb/hr	²
		PM10	0.17	lb/hr	²
		SO₂	1.42	lb/hr	²
		VOC	4.54	lb/hr	²
Intermediate Mode		CO	8.18	lb/hr	²
		NO_x	50.08	lb/hr	²
		PM10	2.4	lb/hr	²
		SO₂	5.11	lb/hr	²
		VOC	0.51	lb/hr	²
Military Mode		CO	9.29	lb/hr	²
		NO_x	278.64	lb/hr	²
		PM10	3.5	lb/hr	²
		SO₂	10.32	lb/hr	²
		VOC	1.03	lb/hr	²
Afterburner Mode		CO	184.04	lb/hr	²
		NO_x	142.63	lb/hr	²
		PM10	6.9	lb/hr	²
		SO₂	46.01	lb/hr	²
		VOC	0.46	lb/hr	²
C-130 (T56-15)		CO	25.6	lb/hr	²
Aircraft Engines: Idle Mode		NO_x	3.12	lb/hr	²
		PM10	0.66	lb/hr	²
		SO₂	0.8	lb/hr	²
		VOC	16.8	lb/hr	²
Military Mode		CO	4.83	lb/hr	²
		NO_x	21.39	lb/hr	²
		PM10	1.04	lb/hr	²
		SO₂	2.3	lb/hr	²
		VOC	0.92	lb/hr	²

¹ JP-8 jet fuel was used during testing; however, there were no emission factors listed in the reference cited.
² U.S. Air Force. Calculation Methods for Criteria Pollutant Emission Inventories. AL/OE-TTR-1994-0049. Armstrong Laboratory. Brooks Air Force Base, TX. July 1994.

Tables 20 and 21 show total potential criteria and HAP emissions from aircraft engine test operations.

Storage Tank Emissions:
Hickam Air Force Base emissions for all organic liquid storage tanks with a capacity greater that 100 gallons were estimated using EPA’s TANKS3 computer program software, incorporating tank dimensions, annual throughputs, and hazardous air pollutant speciation profiles for the tank contents. As emissions were estimated using EPA’s TANKS3 computer program, no emission factors were reported in the application for storage tanks.

Direct-measured tank throughputs were often not available for storage tanks which support electrical generators. In these instances, actual throughput was assumed to be equivalent to the amount of fuel actually used by the electrical generator. The generator fuel usage was

estimated by multiplying the generator’s power output rating by the number of actual hours of operation, a load factor, the brake-specific fuel consumption of the diesel fuel, and the fuel heating value of the diesel, as defined by the following equation:

Tank Throughput = Fuel Usage = [kW] x [hr/yr] x [L] x [Btu/hp-hr] x [Btu/gal]

Where:

kW = generator power output in kilowatts
hr/yr = number of hours of actual generator operation in 1995
L = diesel-fired generator load factor (0.75 for actual load and 1.00 for potential load)
Btu/hp-hr = brake-specific fuel consumption of 7,000 Btu per horsepower-hour for diesel
Btu/gal = fuel heating value of 137,000 Btu per gallon of diesel fuel

Potential storage tank emissions for the storage tanks which support generator operations were estimated by increasing the operating hours to the maximum allowed limit of 500 hours per year per generator.

Total potential criteria and HAP emissions for storage tanks are shown in Tables 20 and 21.

Organic Solvent Degreasing:
Emissions due to organic solvent degreaser evaporation were estimated by various stages of organic solvent degreasing and applying an appropriate emission factor to each stage. The emissions for each individual cleaning unit (by separate stage) were then added to result in total estimated emissions for each cleaning unit. The emissions for an individual unit were then estimated using the equation:

(bath evaporation emissions x reduction fraction)
+ (solvent carryout emissions x reduction fraction)
+ (waste solvent evaporation emissions x reduction fraction)]
= lb/year emissions

Hickam Air Force Base cited that emissions were estimated using EPA’s Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Solvent Metal Cleaning. (EPA-450/2-77-022. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Research Triangle Park, NC. November 1977.) The cleaning unit stages and emission factors for representative units at Hickam Air Force Base were noted as follows:

Table 17: Organic Solvent Degreasing Emission Factors

Cleaning Stage	Emission Factor	Reason for Emission Reduction	Reduction Percentage
VOC emissions due to bath evaporation	98.0 lb / unit-year	Solvent bath is usually covered	55%
VOC emissions due to solvent carryout	122.5 lb / unit-year	Parts are drained for 15 seconds	56%
VOC emissions due to waste solvent evaporation	269 lb / unit-year	Off-site disposal of waste solvent	100%

Actual emissions were estimated for “solvent carryout” according to estimated the actual 2,080 hours annually from total daily usage. Potential emissions were estimated by multiplying the actual emissions by a ratio of 8,760/2,080 (i.e., 4.21). The estimate for volatile organic compound emissions was made by multiplying each emission factor by an estimated “reduction percentage” for each stage of cold cleaning to account for work practices which reduce solvent emissions.

Hickam Air Force Base reports that are no hazardous air pollutant emissions from cold cleaning operations on base. Hickam Air Force Base also reports that no ozone-depleting components are emitted from any of the organic solvents cleaners used on the base.

Tables 20 and 21 include total potential emissions for organic, non-halogenated solvent degreasing operations.

Aircraft Fuel Cell Maintenance Operations:
Hickam Air Force Base has provided emission estimates for aircraft fuel cell maintenance operations (involving the emptying and positive-pressure purging of fuel cells in aircraft wings and fuselage). Estimates were made by estimating the volume of each individual fuel cell and the surface area of the inside of each fuel cell. An assumed “area correction factor” was applied to the fuel cell surface area to account for surface area of wiring harnesses, pumps, baffles, and fire retardant materials present inside the cells. The assumption was that each fuel cell internal surface area was equal to 10 times the surface area of a sphere of equal volume. It was assumed that a 0.002 inch-thick fuel film evaporated to the atmosphere when each fuel cell was purged. Actual volatile organic compound emissions were estimated by multiplying the actual number of fuel cell maintenance operations performed for each type of aircraft by the internal surface area times the fuel film (0.002 inches) times the density of the jet fuel. Hazardous air pollutant emissions were estimated by multiplying the estimated VOC emissions by the weight percent of xylene in JP-8 liquid fuel (0.20 percent). Actual emissions were estimated as taking place over 2,080 hours annually, according to actual operational hours. Potential emissions estimates were made by multiplying estimated actual emissions by the ratio 8,760/2,080 (i.e., 4.21) to account for potential operational hours.

The fuel cell physical data and assumptions for fuel cell maintenance operations used to estimate actual emissions are presented in Table 18.

Table 18: Fuel Cell Maintenance Data

Aircraft Type

Fuel Cell Capacity ¹
Assumed Surface Area of Fuel Cell (ft²)Number of Actual Maintenance Operations Per Year

KC-135Wing: 10,000 lb1,65012

Fuselage: 13,700 lb
14,700 lb2,040
2,1409
9

C-1305,000 lb1,0405

F-152,370 lb63280

R-116,000 gallons9057

¹ Density of JP-8: 6.7 lb/gallon

In its 1995 facility emission inventory, Hickam Air Force Base has indicated that potential VOC emissions from fuel cell maintenance operations are 2.045 tons per year. Total HAP emissions are 16.6 pounds per year. Therefore, fuel cell maintenance emissions are insignificant.

Spray Painting Booths:
Spray painting operation emissions were estimated by using mass balance procedures. The estimates were made based on the estimated volume of coating applied, density of paint, and weight percent of volatile organic compound component of the coating. The estimated transfer efficiency of the spray gun and control efficiency of the filtering system were factored in to estimate the particulate emissions from spray painting. (If insufficient MSDS data were unavailable, then the solid content was estimated to equal one minus the weight percent of volatile organic compounds.) All particulate emissions were assumed to be PM₁₀. For all the spray painting booths except the Allied Trades booth, VOC and hazardous air pollutant emissions were estimated using mass balance procedures with product MSDS. Hickam Air Force Base reports that the Allied Trades spray booth maintained detailed records of 1995 product usage including a “product tracking system that allowed them to calculate emissions from the products used in the spray booth”.

Specific emission factors are not provided in this permit review because they are highly specific to the product information provided on product MSDS. However, 1 gallon of paint and 2 gallons of thinner were the estimated usage for the civil engineering spray paint booth. Generic constituent concentrations (lb/gal) were provided for VOC, solids, ethylene glycol, MIBK, toluene, and xylenes emissions.

Actual emissions estimates were based on the actual estimated amounts of coatings used at each spray booth facility over a 2,080 hour operations per year (except the Auto Body Shop, which actually operated approximately 2/3 of 2,080 hours, or approximately 1,394 hours), and assumed that the entire can of product is used. Potential emissions estimates were made by multiplying the actual emissions by the ratio 8,760/2,080 hours (i.e., 4.21). Total potential emission estimates of VOC made in the 1995 facility emission inventory were 6.8 tons per year, and PM10 at 1.2 tons per year. Total potential HAP emissions were estimated at approximately 2.85 tons per year. Spray paint booths are insignificant sources and are therefore not subject to permit.

Miscellaneous Product Usage:
Emissions estimates due to miscellaneous product usage on base were based on a mass balance approach using product MSDS (including VOC content) obtained from HazMart purchase records. In some instances purchase records appeared to be incomplete and data were extrapolated from existing data. It was assumed that all products supplied through HazMart and Medical Logistics were used up in their entirety by the organizations that purchased them. Actual emissions estimates were made using a similar mass balance approach as used for the spray painting operations. Potential emissions were made by multiplying actual emissions by the ratio of 8,760/2,080 hours (i.e., 4.21), assuming that emissions are proportional to the number of products used per year, which is proportional to the number of hours the installation operates annually.

Products such as antifreeze, motor oil, hydraulic fluid, etc. were not inventoried by Hickam Air Force Base under the assumption that these products contribute negligible or no air pollution emissions.

Total potential emissions due to miscellaneous product usage were estimated in the 1995 facility emission inventory at 27.6 tons of VOC per year and HAP emissions at 12.66 tons per year. These emissions have not been included in the Hickam application for permit and have not been included in the potential emissions summary on Tables 21 and 22.

Facility Maintenance Operations:
Hickam Air Force Base has provided facility maintenance emissions estimates based on the Government Operated Civil Engineering Supply Store (GOCESS) purchase records. It was assumed that all products supplied through the GOCESS were used in their entirety by the organizations that purchased them and that all volatile organic compounds, volatile HAPs and ozone depleting compounds were released when the products were used. Actual emissions estimates were made utilizing a mass balance using product MSDS records, including amount used, VOC weight percentage content, density of water, and product specific gravity. It was assumed that facility maintenance product usage is dependent upon the number of buildings and other stationary items maintained at the base. As the number of buildings is not expected to increase significantly in the foreseeable future, potential emissions during future years would not likely increase above the current actual usage. However, to account for annual variations, potential emissions were estimated by multiplying actual emission estimates by 1.5.

Total potential facility maintenance emissions of VOC were not provided by Hickam Air Force Base because fugitive criteria pollutant emissions are not included in potential-to-emit determinations. Total potential HAP emissions were estimated in the 1995 facility emission inventory at 1.74 tons per year.

Facility Estimated Emissions:
Hickam Air Force Base has provided Estimated Potential Emissions for the various emission sources on base. The estimated emissions are summarized by emission unit in Table 20. Total facility potential criteria pollutant emissions are summarized in Table 21. Total facility potential HAPs are summarized in Table 22.

Table 19: Estimated Potential Emissions Hickam Air Force Base

Air Pollutant Data: Emission Points		Air PollutantAir Pollutant Emission Rate
Unit Number	Equipment Name/Description and SICC Code	Regulated or Hazardous Air Pollutant (CAS#) Pounds/Hou r Tons/Year
B-422	1.5 MMBtu/Hr Propane-Fired Boiler	CO (630-08-0)3.12E-21.37E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)2.29E-11.0
		PM-10 6.55E-32.87E-2
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)00
		VOC8.20E-33.59E-2
B-906A	2.0 MMBtu/Hr Diesel-Fired Boiler	CO (630-08-0)7.29E-23.20E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)2.84E-11.25
		PM-101.53E-26.7E-2
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)1.0E-14.41E-1
		VOC4.82E-32.11E-2
		Arsenic (As) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Beryllium (Be) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Cadmium (Cd) Compounds2.28E-51.0E-4
		Chromium (Cr) Compounds1.14E-45E-4
		Formaldehyde (50-00-0)6.39E-42.8E-3
		Lead (Pb) Compounds2.28E-51E-4
		Manganese (Mn) Compounds2.28E-41E-3
		Mercury (Hg) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Nickel (Ni) Compounds3.42E-41.5E-3
		POM4.57E-52E-4
B-906B	1.3 MMBtu/Hr Diesel-Fired Boiler	CO (630-08-0)4.61E-22.02E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)1.85E-18.1E-1
		PM-109.95E-34.36E-2
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)6.54E-22.87E-1
		VOC3.14E-31.38E-2
		Arsenic (As) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Beryllium (Be) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Cadmium (Cd) Compounds1.14E-55E-4
		Chromium (Cr) Compounds7.99E-53.5E-4
		Formaldehyde (50-00-0)4.11E-41.8E-3
		Lead (Pb) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Manganese (Mn) Compounds2.28E-41E-4
		Mercury (Hg) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Nickel (Ni) Compounds2.17E-49.5E-4
		POM3.42E-51.5E-4
B-1860A	2.1 MMBtu/Hr Diesel-Fired Boiler	CO (630-08-0)7.44E-23.26E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)2.98E-11.31
		PM-101.61E-27.05E-2
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)1.06E-14.63E-1
		VOC5.07E-32.22E-2
		Arsenic (As) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Beryllium (Be) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Cadmium (Cd) Compounds2.28E-51.0E-4
		Chromium (Cr) Compounds1.26E-45.5E-4
		Formaldehyde (50-00-0)6.74E-42.95E-3
		Lead (Pb) Compounds2.28E-51E-4
		Manganese (Mn) Compounds3.42E-51.5E-4
		Mercury (Hg) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Nickel (Ni) Compounds3.54E-41.55E-3
		POM4.57E-52E-4
B-1860B	2.1 MMBtu/Hr Diesel-Fired Boiler	CO (630-08-0)7.44E-23.26E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)2.98E-11.31
		PM-101.61E-27.05E-2
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)1.06E-14.63E-1
		VOC5.07E-32.22E-2
		Arsenic (As) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Beryllium (Be) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Cadmium (Cd) Compounds2.28E-51.0E-4
		Chromium (Cr) Compounds1.26E-45.5E-4
		Formaldehyde (50-00-0)6.74E-42.95E-3
		Lead (Pb) Compounds2.28E-51E-4
		Manganese (Mn) Compounds3.42E-51.5E-4
		Mercury (Hg) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Nickel (Ni) Compounds3.54E-41.55E-3
		POM4.57E-52E-4
B-CDL2	Three Commercial-Sized Diesel-Fired Boilers, each <1 MMBtu/Hr	CO (630-08-0)5.73E-22.51E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)2.29E-11.0
		PM-101.23E-25.4E-2
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)8.14E-23.57E-1
		VOC3.89E-31.71E-2
		Arsenic (As) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Beryllium (Be) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Cadmium (Cd) Compounds2.28E-51.0E-4
		Chromium (Cr) Compounds(Not specified)(Not specified)
		Formaldehyde (50-00-0)5.14E-42.25E-3
		Lead (Pb) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Manganese (Mn) Compounds2.28E-51E-4
		Mercury (Hg) Compounds<1.14E-5<5E-5
		Nickel (Ni) Compounds2.74E-41.2E-3
		POM3.42E-515E-4
B-RDL2	Seventeen Residential-Sized Diesel-Fired Boilers, each <1 MMBtu/Hr	CO (630-08-0)1.31E-15.25E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)5.1E-12.24
		PM-103.33E-21.46E-1
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)1.87E-18.2E-1
		VOC1.21E-25.3E-2
		Arsenic (As) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Beryllium (Be) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Cadmium (Cd) Compounds4.57E-52E-4
		Chromium (Cr) Compounds2.17E-49.5E-4
		Formaldehyde (50-00-0)1.19E-35.2E-3
		Lead (Pb) Compounds3.42E-51.5E-4
		Manganese (Mn) Compounds5.71E-52.5E-4
		Mercury (Hg) Compounds1.14E-55E-5
		Nickel (Ni) Compounds6.28E-42.75E-3
		POM7.99E-53.5E-4
B-RLPG	Thirty-Eight Residential-Sized Liquid Propane Gas-Fired Boilers <1 MMBtu/Hr	CO (630-08-0)1.42E-16.2E-1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)1.044.56
		PM-102.98E-21.31E-1
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)<1.14E-5<5E-5
		VOC3.72E-21.63E-1
G-MOGAS	Nine Small (<447 KW) Gasoline Fired Internal Combustion Engines,	CO (630-08-0)114500
		NO_x (10102-44-0)2.9613.0
		PM-100.1880.821
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)0.1530.672
		VOC5.2623.0
TC-11666	Aircraft Engine Test Cell at Bldg. 11666 (“Hush House”)	CO (630-08-0)31.36.5
		NO_x (10102-44-0)82.017.1
		PM-101.372.86E-1
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)5.381.12
		VOC3.276.8E-1
TC-11665A-1	Portable F-15 Engine Test Stand	CO (630-08-0)31.31.80
		NO_x (10102-44-0)82.14.71
		PM-101.37<0.1
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)5.390.310
		VOC3.280.188
TC-11665B-1	Portable C-130 Engine Test Stand	CO (630-08-0)21.2<0.1
		NO_x (10102-44-0)6.97<0.1
		PM-100.740<0.1
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)1.12<0.1
		VOC13.5<0.1
I-1097	Fairchild Silver Reclamation Incinerator	CO (630-08-0)3.0E-11.32
		NO_x (10102-44-0)3.0E-21.32E-1
		PM-108.55E-23.75E-1
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)3.76E-21.65E-1
		VOC2.25E-19.85E-1
		HCl (7647-01-0)1.50E-16.55E-1
I-83366	Advanced Combustion Type-O Waste Incinerator	CO (630-08-0)3.7616.5
		NO_x (10102-44-0)1.134.93
		PM-101.767.7
		SO₂ (7446-09-5)9.37E-14.11
		VOC1.134.93
T-Area 11-1	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC5.06E-20.222
		Benzene (71-43-2)7.99E-53.50E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.26E-45.50E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)2.74E-41.20E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)2.40E-41.05E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)4.57E-42.00E-3
T-Area 11-2	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC5.00E-20.219
		Benzene (71-43-2)7.99E-53.50E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.26E-45.50E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)2.74E-41.20E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)2.40E-41.05E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)4.57E-42.00E-3
T-Area 11-3	Diesel Storage Tank	VOC5.02E-32.20E-2
T-Area 11-4	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC1.29E-25.65E-2
		Benzene (71-43-2)2.28E-51.00E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)3.42E-51.50E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)6.85E-53.00E-4
		Toluene (108-88-3)5.71E-52.50E-4
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)1.14E-45.00E-4
T-Area 11-5	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC0.1110.486
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.71E-47.50E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)2.85E-41.25E-3
		Hexane (110-54-3)6.05E-42.65E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)5.25E-42.30E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)1.03E-34.50E-3
T-Area 5-1	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC 6.87E-20.301
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.03E-44.50E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.71E-47.50E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)3.77E-41.65E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)3.31E-41.45E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)6.39E-42.80E-3
T-Area 5-2	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC6.87E-20.301
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.03E-44.50E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.71E-47.50E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)3.77E-41.65E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)3.31E-41.45E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)6.39E-42.80E-3
T-Area 5-3	JP-8 Storage Tank	VOC6.87E-20.301
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.03E-44.50E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.71E-47.50E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)3.77E-41.65E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)3.31E-41.45E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)6.39E-42.80E-3
T-Area 9-3	JP-TS Storage Tank	VOC 3.78E-31.66E-2
		Benzene (71-43-2)6.04E-62.65E-6
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)9.82E-64.30E-5
		Hexane (110-54-3)2.08E-59.10E-5
		Toluene (108-88-3)1.82E-57.95E-5
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)3.47E-51.52E-4
F-1037	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 1037	VOC1.617.06
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.51E-26.61E-2
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)3.55E-31.56E-2
		Hexane (110-54-3)2.56E-21.12E-1
		Toluene (108-88-3)2.81E-21.23E-1
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)1.49E-26.52E-2
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)2.32E-20.102
F-2021	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2021	VOC8.77E-33.84E-2
		Benzene (71-43-2)7.80E-53.41E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.86E-58.15E-5
		Hexane (110-54-3)1.33E-45.81E-4
		Toluene (108-88-3)1.45E-46.36E-4
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)7.68E-53.36E-4
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)1.12E-45.29E-4
F-2030	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2030	VOC0.1180.519
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.15E-35.04E-3
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)2.71E-41.19E-3
		Hexane (110-54-3)1.96E-38.57E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)2.14E-39.39E-3
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)1.14E-34.97E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)1.77E-37.76E-3
F-2125	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2125	VOC3.82E-31.68E-2
F-2169	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2169	VOC3.28E-31.44E-2
		Benzene (71-43-2)2.88E-51.26E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)6.78E-62.97E-5
		Hexane (110-54-3)4.90E-52.14E-4
		Toluene (108-88-3)5.36E-52.35E-4
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)2.84E-51.24E-4
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)4.43E-51.94E-4
F-2184	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2184	VOC6.85E-53.00E-4
F-3429	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 3429	VOC8.68E-43.80E-3
F-3570	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2184	VOC 5.82E-20.255
		Benzene (71-43-2)5.54E-42.43E-3
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.31E-45.72E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)9.42E-44.13E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)1.03E-34.52E-3
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)5.47E-42.39E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)8.53E-43.74E-3
F-3576	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 3576	VOC 2.40E-20.105
		Benzene (71-43-2)2.25E-49.85E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)5.30E-52.32E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)3.82E-41.67E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)4.19E-41.83E-3
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)2.22E-49.72E-4
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)3.46E-41.52E-3
F-4057	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 4057	VOC 6.85E-33.00E-2
		Benzene (71-43-2)4.98E-52.18E-4
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.17E-55.14E-5
		Hexane (110-54-3)8.47E-53.71E-4
		Toluene (108-88-3)9.27E-54.06E-4
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)4.91E-52.15E-4
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)7.76E-53.36E-4
F-4069	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 4069	VOC 2.66E-31.17E-2
F-1760	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 1760	VOC 5.9225.9
		Benzene (71-43-2)5.76E-20.252
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.36E-25.94E-2
		Hexane (110-54-3)9.79E-20.429
		Toluene (108-88-3)0.1070.470
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)5.68E-20.249
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)8.87E-20.388
F-2073	Fueling Operation at Bldg. 2073	VOC 7.7634.0
		Benzene (71-43-2)7.54E-20.330
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.78E-27.78E-2
		Hexane (110-54-3)0.1280.561
		Toluene (108-88-3)0.1400.615
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)7.44E-20.326
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)0.1160.509
F-Truck A	Tank Truck to Aircraft Fueling Operations	VOC 1.175.12
		Benzene (71-43-2)1.83E-38.00E-3
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)3.00E-31.31E-2
		Hexane (110-54-3)6.39E-32.80E-2
		Toluene (108-88-3)5.58E-32.45E-2
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)1.08E-24.73E-2
F-Aircraft	Aircraft Fueling Operations	VOC 2.9012.7	Benzene (71-43-2)4.53E-31.99E-2
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)7.43E-33.26E-2
		Hexane (110-54-3)1.58E-26.94E-2
		Toluene (108-88-3)1.38E-26.05E-2
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)2.67E-20.117
F-Truck-G	Tank Truck to GOV Fueling Operations	VOC0.1020.446
		Benzene (71-43-2)9.13E-44.00E-3
		Ethylbenzene (100-41-4)1.02E-44.45E-4
		Hexane (110-54-3)1.62E-37.11E-3
		Toluene (108-88-3)1.32E-35.78E-3
		2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (540-84-1)8.12E-43.56E-3
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)5.08E-42.22E-3
F-Truck-M	Tank Truck to Miscellaneous Equipment Fueling Operations	VOC2.34E-31.03E-2
FT-POL	Fuel Transfer Equipment Leaks From POL	VOC9.85E-24.32E-1
		Xylenes (1330-20-7)1.94E-48.5E-4
D-Hickam	Thitry Non-halogenated Solvent Degreasing Units	VOC0.7121.0

Table 20: Summary of Total Potential Criteria Pollutant Emissions for Hickam Air Force Base

Criteria Pollutant

Boiler-Heater Operations

Gasoline-Fired IC Engines

Aircraft Engine Test Operations

Incinerators

Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks

Motor Vehicle Fueling Operations

Aircraft Fueling Operations

Tank Truck Fuel [Transfer] Operation, Non-Aircraft

Fuel Transfer Equipment Leaks

Non-Halogenated Solvent Degreasing

Sand Blasting Operations

TOTAL

CO lb/hr

6.44E-01

1.14E+02

8.38E+01

4.06E+00

2.03E+02 lb/hr

tpy

2.77E+00

5.00E+02

8.40E+00

1.78E+01

5.29E+02 tpy

NOx lb/hr

3.18E+00

2.96E+00

1.71E+02

1.16E+00

1.78E+02 lb/hr

tpy

1.40E+01

1.30E+01

2.19E+01

5.06E+00

5.39E+01 tpy

PM10 lb/hr

1.43E-01

1.88E-01

3.48E+00

1.85E+00

5.66E+00 lb/hr

tpy

6.25E-01

8.21E-01

4.86E-01

8.08E+00

1.00E+01 tpy

SO2 lb/hr

6.46E-01

1.53E-01

1.19E+01

9.75E-01

1.37E+01 lb/hr

tpy

2.83E+00

6.72E-01

1.53E+00

4.28E+00

9.31E+00 tpy

VOC lb/hr

8.35E-02

5.26E+00

2.01E+01

1.36E+00

2.05E+00

1.39E+01

4.07E+00

1.04E-01

9.85E-02

7.12E-01

4.77E+01 lb/hr

tpy

3.66E-01

2.30E+01

8.68E-01

5.92E+00

8.99E+00

6.09E+01

1.78E+01

4.56E-01

4.32E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+02 tpy

Table 21: Summary of Total Potential Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP) Emissions

HAP	Boiler-Heater Operations	Gasoline-Fired IC Engines	Aircraft Engine Test Operations	Incinerators	Petroleum Storage Tanks	Motor Vehicle Fueling Operations	Aircraft Fueling Operations	Tank Truck Fuel Operation, Non-Aircraft	Fuel Transfer Equipment Leaks	Non-Halogenated Solvent Degreasing	TOTAL
Arsenic lb/hr	5.70E-05	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5.70E-05
tpy	2.50E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.50E-04
Beryllium lb/hr	5.70E-05	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5.70E-05
tpy	2.00E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.00E-04
Cadmium lb/hr	1.48E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.48E-04
tpy	1.10E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.10E-03
Chromium lb/hr	6.63E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6.63E-04
tpy	2.90E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.90E-03
Formaldehyde lb/hr	4.10E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4.10E-03
tpy	1.80E-02	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.80E-02
Lead lb/hr	1.25E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.25E-04
tpy	5.50E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5.50E-04
Manganese lb/hr	6.04E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6.04E-04
tpy	1.75E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.75E-03
Mercury lb/hr	6.84E-05	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6.84E-05
tpy	3.00E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3.00E-04
Nickel lb/hr	2.17E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.17E-03
tpy	9.50E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9.50E-03
POM lb/hr	2.85E-04	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.85E-04
tpy	2.60E-03	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.60E-03
HC l lb/hr	0	0	0	1.50E-01	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.50E-01
tpy	0	0	0	6.55E-01	0	0	0	0	0	0	6.55E-01
Benzene lb/hr	0	0	0	0	1.58E-02	1.35E-01	6.36E-03	9.13E-04	0	0	1.58E-01
tpy	0	0	0	0	6.90E-02	5.91E-01	2.79E-02	4.00E-03	0	0	6.92E-01
Ethylbenzene lb/hr	0	0	0	0	4.64E-03	3.19E-02	1.04E-02	1.02E-04	0	0	4.71E-02
tpy	0	0	0	0	2.04E-02	1.39E-01	4.57E-02	4.45E-04	0	0	2.06E-01
Hexane lb/hr	0	0	0	0	2.80E-02	2.29E-01	2.22E-02	1.62E-03	0	0	2.81E-01
tpy	0	0	0	0	1.22E-01	1.10E+00	9.74E-02	7.11E-03	0	0	1.23E+00
Toluene lb/hr	0	0	0	0	3.02E-02	2.51E-01	1.94E-02	1.32E-03	0	0	3.02E-01
tpy	0	0	0	0	1.32E-01	1.10E+00	8.50E-02	5.78E-03	0	0	1.32E+00
Xylenes lb/hr	0	0	0	0	2.72E-02	2.08E-01	3.75E-02	5.08E-04	1.94E-04	0	2.73E-01
tpy	0	0	0	0	1.20E-01	9.11E-01	1.64E-01	2.22E-03	8.50E-04	0	1.20E+00
2,2,4- lb/hr	0	0	0	0	2.98E-02	1.33E-01	0	8.12E-04	0	0	1.64E-01
Trimethylpentane tpy	0	0	0	0	1.30E-01	5.84E-01	0	3.56E-03	0	0	7.18E-01
TOTAL HAPS:											1.38 lb/hr 6.06 tpy

Air Quality Assessment:

Dispersion modeling was performed in accordance with a dispersion modeling protocol submitted to the Department on November 2, 1994. The modeling considers only those stationary combustion sources that are presently permitted or whose emissions of a criteria pollutant exceed 100 tons per year. The sources modeled consist of two boilers, one generator, two incinerators and one hush-house.

Modeling was performed using the EPA Industrial Source Complex (ISC) model and one year of meteorological data from Honolulu Airport. The model was executed in the rural mode, with regulatory default values. In addition, building downwash was considered using the EPA Building Profile Input Program (BPIP).

The sources modeled and model results are presented in Table 23. The modeled sources are not predicted to cause any exceedances of ambient air quality standards.

Table 23: Hickam AFB Predicted Impacts

ISCST2 Source Number	Source(s)	Pollutant	Averaging Period	Predicted Impact (�g/m³)	HAAQS (�g/m³)
1	Diesel Fired Boiler (2.1 MMBtu/hr)	SO₂	3-hr	175.48	1,300
			24-hr	40.29	365
			Annual	3.97	80
		PM10	24-hr	1.11	150
			Annual	0.11	50
		CO	1-hr	22.44	10,000
			8-hr	6.22	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	1.13	70
2	Diesel Fired Boiler (2.1 MMBtu/hr)	SO₂	3-hr	269.27	1,300
			24-hr	44.68	365
			Annual	5.00	80
		PM10	24-hr	1.23	150
			Annual	0.14	50
		CO	1-hr	25.91	10,000
			8-hr	9.85	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	1.42	70
3	Diesel Fired Generator (1100kW)	SO₂	3-hr	219.93	1,300
			24-hr	47.92	365
			Annual	10.59	80
		PM10	24-hr	6.37	150
			Annual	1.41	50
		CO	1-hr	661.79	10,000
			8-hr	159.04	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	60.46	70
4	Silver Reclamation Processor (Incinerator)	SO₂	3-hr	1.38	1,300
			24-hr	0.59	365
			Annual	0.05	80
		PM10	24-hr	1.62	150
			Annual	0.13	50
		CO	1-hr	10.12	10,000
			8-hr	4.25	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	0.06	70
5	Type "O" Waste Incinerator	SO₂	3-hr	10.81	1,300
			24-hr	4.02	365
			Annual	0.43	80
		PM10	24-hr	11.26	150
			Annual	1.20	50
		CO	1-hr	48.64	10,000
			8-hr	28.03	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	0.52	70
6	Aircraft Engine Test Cell ("Hush House")	SO₂	3-hr	3.74	1,300
			24-hr	1.71	365
			Annual	0.16	80
		PM10	24-hr	0.50	150
			Annual	0.05	50
		CO	1-hr	29.48	10,000
			8-hr	12.16	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	2.50	70
1-6	All Sources Combined	SO₂	3-hr	444.75	1,300
			24-hr	83.16	365
			Annual	10.62	80
		PM10	24-hr	12.88	150
			Annual	1.43	50
		CO	1-hr	663.97	10,000
			8-hr	159.04	5,000
		NO_x	Annual	60.52	70

SIGNIFICANT PERMIT CONDITIONS:

The following special permit conditions are proposed to ensure compliance with State and Federal air quality standards:

Jet Engine Test Facility ("Hush House") with Noise Suppressor located at the Hawaii National Guard (Unit ID No. 11666):

1. Static test firing of F-15 jet engines utilizing the Power Check Pad with Noise Suppressor shall not exceed a total of 416 hours per year.

2. For each mode of testing, (i.e., idle, approach, intermediate, military or afterburner), the test date, test mode, the time duration and fuel consumption shall be recorded. These records shall be retained for a minimum of five years and shall be made available to the Director upon request.

3. On an annual basis, the permittee shall submit to the Department of Health a summary report of the information required in condition No. 2. The report shall be signed and dated by the owner or operator or the duly authorized representative of the source. The reporting period shall be from January 1 to December 31 of each year.

OTHER ISSUES/CONDITIONS:

The five volatile organic liquid storage vessels located at T-Area 11 (Units 11-1 thru 11-5) were built between June 11, 1973 and May 19, 1978 and have storage capacities greater than 40,000 gallons. Therefore, the storage tanks are subject to the provisions of 40 CFR 60, Subpart K, Standards of Performance for Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids for Which Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification Commenced After June 11, 1973, and Prior to May 19, 1978. Storage tanks which store only diesel fuels are excluded from the requirements of Subpart K under 40 CFR 60.111(b). Under 40 CFR 60.113(d)(1), petroleum liquids with a Reid vapor pressure of 6.9kPa (1.0 psia) or less are exempt from monitoring provisions of Subpart K provided the maximum true vapor pressure does not exceed 6.9 KPa (1.0 psia). Petroleum liquids with true vapor pressure less than 78 mm Hg (1.5 psia) are not subject to Subpart K equipment standards under 40 CFR 60.112(a)(1) and (2). Since Hickam Air Force Base reports that the true vapor pressures of the petroleum liquids stored in unit Nos. T-Area 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, NS 11-5 are below 1.0 psia, the vessels are not currently subject to monitoring or equipment provisions of 40 CFR 60, Subpart K.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION:

The facility complies with all State and Federal standards with regards to air pollution. Recommend issuance of permit pending EPA review. The emission levels presented in the review should be conservative for the following reason(s):

•All equipment except the engine test facility was assumed to be operating continuously (8,760 hr/yr). Actual operating time for a majority of the equipment is less than 12 hours per day.

Kevin Kihara
April 15, 1998