Bycatch
Quick Facts | Web Site Resources | Literature by Topic |
Hawaii Newspaper Articles
Quick Facts
- The "inadvertent capture of non-target species in fishing gear" (Cetacean Bycatch Resource Center).
- Also known as incidental takes.
- Entanglement in fishing gear is the leading cause of death for whales, dolphins and porpoises. Duke University Researchers and the University of St. Andrews in Scotland estimate there are nearly 308,000 deaths globally per year (Cetacean Bycatch Resource Center).
- The commercial longline fisheries are responsible for the capture of more than 250,000 loggerhead and leatherback marine turtles (World Wildlife Fund).
- They are also responsible for the death of 100,000 albatrosses each year (World Wildlife Fund).
- Bycatch mortality can decrease the sustainability of fisheries (NOAA Fisheries Feature).
Web Site Resources
Cetacean Bycatch Resource CenterThis resource center is designed to help transfer information among scientists, fishermen, conservationists and government officials to help mitigate bycatch of whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Gear Conservation Engineering
This Seagrant website is concerned with finding solutions to the bycatch problem through conservation gear engineering. Monterey Bay Aquarium
General overview of what bycatch is as well as solutions to help stop this from occurring. Also includes a seafood guide to help people make environmentally friendly food choices. NOAA Fisheries Feature
The NMFS bycatch page links to a large number of studies that examine ways to minimize bycatch. This excellent resource also covers the national bycatch strategy, regulations, definitions, monitoring, and more. NOAA Fisheries - Office of Protected Resources
The NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources site provides information about marine mammal and sea turtle interactions with commercial fisheries. Provides extensive links to other NOAA resources. Seabird Bycatch Reduction Efforts
The NMFS compiled this collection of articles on efforts in both the U.S. and around the world to minimize harm done to seabirds through fishing methods. Seabird Interactions Information
This website created by NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Regional Office links to federal register notices, compliance guides, environmental impact statements, annual reports and other studies about incidental takes of seabirds. World Wildlife Fund
The World Wildlife Fund site provides general information about bycatch as well as a compelling video highlighting the variety of bycatch casualties. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization Fisheries Department
The FAO Fisheries Department site provides a report about reducing the incidental catch of seabirds as well as links to other projects and publications.
Literature by Topic
General/Miscellaneous
Bycatch of marine mammals in U.S. and global fisheriesRead AJ, Drinker P, Northridge S. Conservation Biology 20 (1) (2006): 163-169.
[ Link to pdf ] (183 KB) Proceedings of the International Tuna Fishers Conference on Responsible Fisheries & Third International Fishers Forum. July 25-29, 2005, Yokohama, Japan.
Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, 2006.
[ pdf ] (6.61 MB) Bycatch and depredation
Read JE in Marine mammal research: Conservation beyond crisis, Reynolds JE (ed.), 2005.
PIFSC Library, QL713.2 .M32 2005 Discards in the world's marine fisheries: An update
Kelleher, K. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2005.
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 470
[ pdf ] (2.01 GB) Indirect fishery interactions
Plaganyi EE, Butterworth, DS in Marine mammal research: Conservation beyond crisis, Reynolds JE (ed.), 2005.
PIFSC Library, QL713.2 .M32 2005 Wasted fishery resources: Discarded by-catch in the USA
Harrington JM, Myers RA, Rosenberg AA. Fish and Fisheries 6(4) (2005): 350-361.
PIFSC Library Stacks Catch to bycatch ratios: Comparing Hawaii's longline fisheries with others
Bartram, PK, Kaneko JJ. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii-NOAA, Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, 2004.
SOEST (series); 04-05
PIFSC Library, SH214.6 .S64 no.2004-05
[ pdf ] (847 B) Hawaiian-style small-scale deep setting longline technique used on seamounts
Itano D. Fisheries Newsletter Secretariat of the Pacific Community 111 (2004): 21-26.
[ pdf] (1.12 MB) Understanding impacts of fisheries bycatch on marine megafauna
Lewison RL, Crowder LB, Read AJ, Freeman SA. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 19 (11) (2004): 598-604. Evaluating bycatch: A national approach to standardized bycatch monitoring programs
U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, NMFS, 2004.
PIFSC Library, SH344 .E3 2004
[ pdf ] (965 KB) Bycatch, a national concern
U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, NMFS, 1997
PIFSC Library, SH328 .B76 1997 A global assessment of fisheries bycatch and discards
Alverson DL, Freeberg MH, Pope JG, Murawski SA. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1994
PIFSC Library, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No.339
[ Internet ]
Management / Solutions
Using digital video monitoring systems in fisheries: Application for monitoring compliance of seabird avoidance devises and seabird mortality in Pacific Halibut longline fisheriesAmes RT, Williams GH, Fitzgerald SM. NOAA, NMFS, 2005.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-152
[ pdf ] (2.21 MB) Managing by-catch and discards: How much progress are we making and how can we do better?
Hall SJ, Mainprize BM. Fish and Fisheries 6(2) (2005): 134-155.
PIFSC Library Stacks. NOAA fisheries reducing bycatch 2005 report
NOAA, NMFS, 2005.
[ pdf ] Pacific Islands region bycatch reduction implementation plan FY04-FY05
NOAA, NMFS, 2004.
[ pdf ] (1.31MB) Will acoustically enhanced nets reduce odontocete gillnet bycatch because they are better sound reflectors?
Mooney TA, Au WWL, Nachtigall PE. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 116, (4) (Part 2) (2004): 2615. Managing the nation's bycatch: Programs, activities, and recommendations for the National Marine Fisheries Service
Washington, D.C.: NOAA, 1998
PIFSC Library, SH344 .M36 1998
[ pdf ] (7.67 MB) Report and proceedings of FAO/DFID expert consultation on bycatch utilization in tropical fisheries, Beijing, China, 21-23 September 1998
National Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, 1999
PIFSC Library, SH344 .R46 1998 Bycatch management and the economics of discarding
Pascoe S. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1997
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 370.
[ Link to Abstract ] Fisheries bycatch: Consequences & management: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Consequences and Management of Fisheries Bycatch: August 27-28, 1996, Dearborn, Michigan
Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1997.
PIFSC Library, SH344 .S95 1996
[ pdf ] (631 KB) Win-win bycatch solutions: A handbook for collaboration
National Fisheries Conservation Center, 1994
PIFSC Library, SH344 .W56 1994
Bycatch by Animal
Birds
Sudden death on the high seas. Longline fishing: A global catastrophe for seabirdsAmerican Bird Conservancy.
[ pdf ] (1.30 MB) Reducing seabird bycatch in longline fisheries using a natural olfactory deterrent
Pierre JP, Norden WS. Biological Conservation 130(3) (2006): 406-415. Estimating incidental takes of shearwaters in driftnet fisheries: Lessons for the conservation of seabirds
Uhlmann S, Fletcher D, Moller H. Biological Conservation 123(2) (2005): 151-163. Principles and approaches to abate seabird by-catch in longline fisheries
Gilman E, Brothers N, Kobayashi DR. Fish and Fisheries 6(1) (2005): 35-49.
PIFSC Library Stacks. Stopping seabird bycatch. Longline fishing: A global crisis for seabirds - Working for solutions to benefit seabirds and fishermen
Winegrad G, Wallace GE. American Bird Conservancy, 2005
[ pdf ] (1.4 MB) Thinking big - Taking a large-scale approach to seabird bycatch: [Forum]
Lewison RL, Nel DC, Taylor F, Croxall JP, Rivera KS. Marine Ornithology 33 (1) (2005): 1-5.
[ pdf ] (774 KB) Electronic monitoring of seabird interactions with trawl third-wire cables on trawl vessels; a pilot study
McElderry H, Schrader J, McCullough D, Illingworth J, Fitzgerald S, Davis S. NOAA, NMFS, 2004.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-147
[ pdf ] (1.06 MB) References on seabird bycatch in longline fisheries
Gilman E. Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, 2004.
[ pdf ] US Fish and Wildlife Service biological opinion on the effects of the reopened shallow-set sector of the Hawaii-based longline fishery of the short-tailed albatross (Phoebastria albatrus)
United States Department of the Interior, 2004.
[ pdf ] (5.34 MB) Annual report on seabird interactions and mitigation efforts in the Hawaii-based longline fishery for calendar years 2000 and 2001
NMFS, Pacific Islands Regional Office, Honolulu, Hawaii. 2003.
Administrative Report AR-PIR-03-02
[ pdf ] (5.46 KB) Annual report on seabird interactions and mitigation efforts in the Hawaii-based longline fishery for calendar year 2002
NMFS, Pacific Islands Regional Office, Honolulu, Hawaii. 2003.
Administrative Report AR-PIR-03-03.
[ pdf ] (546 KB) Performance assessment of underwater setting chutes, side setting, and blue-dyed bait to minimize seabird mortality in Hawaii longline tuna and swordfish fisheries. Final report.
Gilman E, Brothers N, Kobayashi D, Martin S, Cook J, Ray J, Ching G, Woods B. 2003. National Audubon Society, Hawaii Longline Association, US NMFS, Pacific Islands Science Center, US Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council: Honolulu, HI.
[ pdf ] (660 KB) Estimating fishery bycatch and effects on a vulnerable seabird population
Lewison RL, Crowder LB. Ecological Applications 13 (3) (2003): 743-753.
PIFSC Library Stacks. Back issues available online at NOAA offices through NOAALINC. Performance assessment of an underwater setting chute to mitigate seabird bycatch in the Hawaii pelagic longline tuna fishery
Gilman E, Boggs C, Brothers N. Ocean & Coastal Management 46 (11-12) (2003): 985-1010. Estimation of albatross take in the Hawaiian longline fisheries
McCracken ML. Southwest Fishery Science Center, 2001.
SWFSC Admin. Rep. H-01-03
[ pdf ] (5.05 MB) Albatross and petrel mortality from longline fishing international workshop, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 11-12 May 2000. Report and presented papers
Cooper J (ed.). Marine Ornithology 28 (2) (2000): 153-190.
[ pdf ] (428 KB) Managing pelagic longline-albatross interactions in the North Pacific Ocean
Cousins KL, Dalzell P, Gilman E. Marine Ornithology 28 (2) (2000) Appendix 1.
[ pdf ] (428 KB) The FAO international plan of action for reducing incidental catch of seabirds in longline fisheries - seabirds: What are countries doing?
Rivera KS. Marine Ornithology 28 (2) (2000) Appendix 2.
[ pdf ] (428 KB) Seabird mitigation research in longline fisheries: Status and priorities for future research and actions
Melvin EF, Robertson G. Marine Ornithology 28 (2) (2000) Appendix 3.
[ pdf ] (428 KB) Enhancing compliance with international legislation and agreements mitigating seabird mortality on longlines
Hall HR, Haward M. Marine Ornithology 28 (2) (2000) Appendix 4.
[ pdf ] (428 KB) The incidental catch of seabirds by longline fisheries: Worldwide review and technical guidelines for mitigation: Fisheries Circular 937
Brothers N, Cooper J, Lokkeborg S. Rome: United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 1999.
[ pdf ] Final report: Hawaiian longline seabird mortality mitigation project
Garcia and Associates. 1999. Prepared for Western Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Council, Honolulu, HI, September 1999. Seabird bycatch: Trends, roadblocks and solutions
Melvin, EF, Parrish JK (eds) in Proceedings of the Symposium Seabird Bycatch: Trends, Roadblocks, and Solutions, February 26-27, 1999, Blaine, Washington, sponsored by the Pacific Seabird Group. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program, 2001.
Alaska Sea Grant College Program report; no. 01-01.
[ pdf ] (3.99 MB) Biological opinion for the effects of the Hawaii-based domestic longline fleet on the short-tailed Albatross
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 2000.
Fish
Mortality of fish escaping trawl gearsSuuronen P. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2005.
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 478
[ pdf ] (2.01 GB) Incidental catches of fishes by Hawai'i longliners
Walsh WA. Pelagic Fisheries Research Program Newsletter 7 (2002): 1-4. Comparison of logbook reports of incidental blue shark catch rates by Hawaii-based longline vessels to fishery observer data by application of a generalized additive model
Walsh WA, Kleiber P, McCracken M. Fisheries Research 58 (2002): 79-94.
PIFSC Library Stacks. Discards of target and incidentally caught fishes by the Hawaii'i-based longline fishery
Abstract for the annual Tuna Conference, Lake Arrowhead, California, May 20-23, 2002.
Walsh WA, Pooley SG.
Sea Turtles
Reducing sea turtle by-catch in pelagic longline fisheriesGilman E, Zollett E, Beverly S, Nakano H, Davis K, Shiode D, Dalzell P, Kinan I. Fish and Fisheries 7 (1) (2006): 2-23.
PIFSC Library Stacks. A Poisson and negative binomial regression model of sea turtle interactions in Hawaii's longline fishery
Pradhan NC, Leung PS. Fisheries Research 78 (2-3) (2006): 309-322.
PIFSC Library Stacks. The slow swim from extinction: Saving turtles in the South Pacific
Gillespie, A. International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 21 (1) (2006): 57-82. Food color and marine turtle feeding behavior: Can blue bait reduce turtle bycatch in commercial fisheries?
Swimmer Y, Arauz R, Higgens B, McNaughton L, McCracken M, Ballestero J, Brill R. Marine Ecology Progress Series 295 (2005): 273-278.
PIFSC Library Stacks.
[ Abstract ] Evaluation of time-area closures to reduce incidental sea turtle take in the Hawaii-based longline fishery: Generalized additive model (GAM) development and retrospective examination
Kobayashi DR, Polovina JJ. NOAA, NMFS, 2005.
NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-4
[ pdf ](984 KB) Endangered species: Where leatherback turtles meet fisheries
Ferraroli S, Georges JY, Gaspar P, Maho Y. Nature 429 (6991) (2004): 521-522.
PIFSC Library Stacks. Management experiences in implementing sea turtle avoidance and mitigation measures in commercial fisheries
Hogan DF. Papers presented at the Expert Consultation on Interactions between Sea Turtles and Fisheries within an Ecosystem Context. Rome, 9-12 March 2004.
FAO Fisheries Report, No. 738.
[ internet ] [ pdf ] Modelling post-release mortality of loggerghead sea turtles exposed to the Hawaii-based pelagic longline fishery
Chaloupka M, Parker D, Balazs G. Marine Ecology Progress Series 280 (2004): 285-293.
PIFSC Library Stacks.
[ Abstract ] Modeling a very rare event to estimate sea turtle bycatch: Lessons learned
McCracken ML. NOAA, NMFS, 2004.
NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-3
[ pdf ](228 KB) Quantifying the effects of fisheries on threatened species: the impact of pelagic longlines on loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles Lewison RL, Freeman SA, Crowder LB. Ecology Letters 7 (3) (2004): 221-231. Dive-depth distribution of loggerhead (Carretta carretta) and olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtles in the central North Pacific: Might deep longline sets catch fewer turtles?
Polovina JJ, Howell E, Parker DM, and Balazs GH. Fishery Bulletin 101 (2003):189-193.
[ pdf ] (996 MB) Behavioral, physiology, and molecular biology research aimed at reducing sea turtle-longline fishing gear interactions
Abstract for the annual Tuna Conference, Lake Arrowhead, California, May 20-23, 2002.
Brill RW, Swimmer Y, Higgins B, Vogt R. Necropsy findings in sea turtles taken as bycatch in the North Pacific longline fishery
Work TM, Balazs GH. Fishery Bulletin 100 (4) (2002): 876-880.
PIFSC Library Stacks.
[ pdf ] (764 KB) Use of pop-up satellite archival tags to quantify mortality of marine turtles incidentally captured in longline fishing gear
Swimmer Y, Brill R, Musyl M. Marine Turtle Newsletter 97 (2002): 3-7.
[ Internet ] (615 KB) Research directed at mitigating sea turtle-longline interactions
Abstract for the annual Tuna Conference, Lake Arrowhead, California, May 2001.
Swimmer JY, Brill RW. Post-hooking survival of sea turtles taken by pelagic longline fishing in the North Pacific
Abstract for the Twenty-first Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 24-28, 2001.
Parker DM, Balazs GH, Murakawa SKK, Polovina JJ. Estimation of sea turtle take and mortality in the Hawaiian longline fisheries
McCracken ML. Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 2000.
SWFSC Admin. Rep. H-00-06
[ pdf ] (3.06 MB) Workshop on reducing sea turtle takes in longline fisheries Miami, August 31-September 1, 1999
Kleiber P, Boggs C. Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 2000.
SWFSC Admin. Rep. H-00-09
Development and use of satellite telemetry to estimate post-hooking mortality of marine turtles in the pelagic longline fisheries
Bjorndal KA, Bolten AB, Riewald B. Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 1999.
SWFSC Admin. Rep. H-99-03C
[ pdf ] (999 K) Estimation of sea turtle take and mortality in the Hawaii-based longline fishery, 1994-96
Skillman RA, Kleiber P. NOAA, NMFS, 1998.
NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-257
[ pdf ] (4.1 MB) Estimating annual takes and kills of sea turtles by the Hawaiian longline fishery, 1991-1997, from observers program and logbook data
Kleiber P. Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 1998.
SWFSC Admin. Rep. H-98-08
[ pdf ] (27.5 K) Mortality of sea turtles in the Hawaii longline fishery: A preliminary assessment of population impacts
Wetherall J. Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 1997.
SWFSC Admin. Rep. H-97-07
[ pdf ] (36.3 MB) Pelagic longline fishery: Sea turtle interactions. Proceedings of an Industry, Academic and Government Experts, and Stakeholders Workshop Held in Silver Spring, MD, 24-25 May 1994
William P, Anninos PJ, Plotkin PT, Salvini KL (Compilers). NOAA, NMFS, 1996.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-OPR-7
[ pdf ] (601 KB) Guidelines for handling marine turtles hooked or entangled in the Hawaii longline fishery: Results of the expert workshop held in Honolulu, Hawaii March 15-17, 1995
Balazs GH, Pooley SG, Murakawa SK. NOAA, NMFS, 1995.
NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-222
[ pdf ] (4.5 MB) Research plan to assess marine turtle hooking mortality: Results of an expert workshop held in Honolulu, Hawaii, November 16-18, 1993
Balazs GH, Pooley SG (eds.). NOAA, NMFS, 1994.
NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-201
[ pdf ] (16.8 MB) Statistical guidelines for a pilot observer program to estimate turtle takes in the Hawaii longline fishery
DiNardo GT. NOAA, NMFS, 1993.
NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-190
[ pdf ] (3.5 MB)
Hawaii Newspaper Articles
(August 2000 - February 2006)
Bid to reinstate longline fishing ban rejectedHonolulu Advertiser 22 Feb. 2006. New longline rules cut deaths of seabirds; The number of turtles snagged on the lines has also been reduced
Honolulu Advertiser 4 Nov. 2005. Council seeks ways to keep birds off longline fleet's hooks; Mostly albatrosses fall victim to lines set for shallow take
Honolulu Advertiser 5 Oct. 2005. Longline fishing reined in further; New plan required to reduce toll on false killer whales
Honolulu Advertiser 11 Oct. 2004. Decision to reopen swordfish fishery challenged in court; Lawsuit seeks to halt killing of endangered turtles, albatrosses
Honolulu Advertiser 31 Aug. 2004. Whale-protection measures may affect longliners
Honolulu Advertiser 16 Aug. 2004. Longline fishing ban lifted; Rules ties profits to turtle safety
Honolulu Advertiser 31 Mar. 2004. Fisheries rules eased; New federal rules will allow longline fishermen to catch swordfish and expand tuna fishing
Honolulu Star-Bulletin 27 Mar. 2004. Leatherback turtle still imperiled
Honolulu Advertiser 13 Jan. 2004. Technology may aid longliners; New method cuts turtle catches
Honolulu Advertiser 6 Jan. 2004. Group sues over longline fishing; False killer whale deaths cited
Honolulu Advertiser 20 Nov. 2003. New longline technique may spare albatross
Honolulu Advertiser 16 Oct. 2003. Fishing forum seeks ways to keep birds, turtles safe from longlines
Honolulu Advertiser 20 Nov. 2002. Longliners seek "fair" turtle rules; Recreational fishing called threat
Honolulu Advertiser 13 Aug. 2001. Deeper lines could still snag turtles, critics say
Honolulu Star-Bulletin 22 Jul. 2001. New lawsuit requests more longline restrictions; More safeguards sought for turtles
Honolulu Advertiser 25 May 2001. Fishing for bycatch fix; Hawaiian fisheries join others in the US to find solutions for the problem of accidental catches
Honolulu Star-Bulletin 5 Apr. 2001. Hawaiian longliners battle sea turtles for jobs: Despite accounting for only 3 percent of Central Pacific fishing, some boat owners could go bankrupt because of endangered species
Honolulu Star-Bulletin 15 Mar. 2001. Swordfish longlining proposed; plan won't help turtles, critics say
Honolulu Advertiser 11 Feb. 2001. Deeper lines, closed areas proposed for longliners; A draft environmental statement says these options would lessen sea turtle deaths
Honolulu Star-Bulletin 21 Dec. 2000. Tracking data could cut longline turtle kills
Honolulu Advertiser 21 Aug. 2000. Threat to turtles: Concern for sea turtles leads to restrictions on longlining
Honolulu Star-Bulletin 2 Aug. 2000.
Last updated December 06 2007