NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU OF CLEAN WATER INTRA-DEPARTMENTAL MEMORANDUM May 15, 1997 TO: Thomas Brosnan, Chief Marine Sciences Section FROM: Na Ji Yao, Project Scientist Marine Sciences Section SUBJECT: Update on DataBases Available from the Marine Sciences Section (MSS) The purpose of this memo is to update my memo of March 1, 1993, which documents the current and historic data bases in the Marine Sciences Section computers. These databases include: 1. Harbor Survey data collected from 1968-1993. Data from 1909-1967 are being computerized under a HEP grant and will be included by fall, 1994. 2. Metals Wasteload Allocation sediment, ambient water, CSO and WPCP effluent from 1991-1992. 3. Long Island Sound Study (LISS) Ambient Nutrients for the East River and entire LIS from October, 1988 - December, 1993. 4. TSS/VSS data collected daily (except weekends and holidays) from the Hudson River from the North River WPCP since November, 1991. 5. East River Tributary Sampling from 1992-1993. 6. NY Bight Hypoxia cruises from 1991-1993. 7. Jamaica Bay CSO Study Ambient Data from 1988. 8. East River CSO Study Ambient and Point Source Data from 1988-1989. 9. NYC WPCP flow and influent, effluent data for metals and nutrients for January, 1985 through January, 1994 and July, 1982 through January, 1994, respectively. Sludge metal data are also included. All the databases are available and ready to be used. They are on either ASCII files or spreadsheets in the MSS Network under F:\MSSDATA. The data are 'raw', i.e. as measured, and not averaged. Documentation of the expanded Plankton data-base for 1992 will follow. cc: Wagner/Heckler/Forndran/Tipping/Markowitz/Rutkowski/Grande/Sapienza/Alpern/Cox/ Kahn/Adamski/Kurtz/Ketas/Gaffoglio/Adamson/WQP Sci. Subcomm./Kuang/Ho/Echelman/ Lonear/Delra/LMS/HydroQual/H&S/OB&G/Suszkowski(HRF);Swanson(SUNY)/MSS/Chrono NJY HSREADME.DOC (7/5/94) Following are the data-bases and their contents. The detailed formatting and methods can be found in the attached sheets: 1. Harbor Survey Databases (Attachment 1 gives an overview of the types of data available from the Harbor Survey Program. Attachment 2 shows the site locations, depths, and start dates. Attachment 3 explains the methods used during sampling and analyzing.) HS6893.PRN contains site, date, time, current direction, salinity, temperature, DO, BOD, total coliform, and fecal coliform for 1968-1993 (Attachment 4). HSM8593.PRN includes the data collected for 1985-1993 as listed above in HS6893.PRN, and merges it with depth, secchi depth, pH, chlorine, and total suspended solid for 1985-1993 (Attachment 5). NUT7493.PRN contains site, date, time, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, combined nitrate-nitrite, total phosphorus, dissolved ortho-phosphate, and total organic carbon for 1974-1993 (Attachment 6). CTD90/91/92/93.PRN There are four (4) ASCII files which contain site, date, time, depth, salinity, temperature, conductivity, and Sigma-T for each of the years, and DO, fluorometer, and trans-missometer for 1992 and 1993 (Attachment 7). CHL8693.PRN contains site, date, and surface chlorophyll 'A' data for 1986-1993. VOC92.WQ1 contains water column (surface and bottom) data for 24 volatile organic compounds for 1992. The data are in the spreadsheet in the following order: site, date, methylene chloride, trans-1,2-dichloroethene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloro-ethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, bromo- dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, trichloroethylene, benzene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, bromoform, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,2,2- tetrachloroethane, toluene, chlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, iso- propylbenzene, 4-bromofluoro-benzene (surrogate), styrene, n-propylbenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene. PLKTN91.PRN contains the expanded plankton data for 1991, and data for 1992 will follow (Attachment 8). SED8389.PRN contains sediment data in the following order: site, year, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc, silver, PCB, and percentage of solid and volatile solid. 2. Metals Waste Load Allocation Databases (Attachment 9 tells the databases contents and shows the site locations - "Battelle Waste Load Allocation (WLA) data". Internal DEP memo from Todd Echelman to Tom Brosnan, August 18, 1992). Page 1/4 SEDIMENT (1 file): NYNJSED.WQ1. WATER (ambient, 5 files): AMB_0191, AMB_1091, TRIB_TID, CTD_1091, and SURFFLOC. Effluent (2 files): EFF_0191.WQ1 and EFF_1091.WQ1. CSO_INF (1 file): CSO_INF.WQ1 (CSO wet weather influent data). 3. LISS Nutrients (Attachment 10 - The site locations for LISS nutrients). LNUT8893.PRN contains data of site, date, depth, NH4, NO23, total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), particulate nitrogen (PN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (PO4P), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), particular phosphorus (PP), particular carbon (PC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total suspended solid (TSS), silicate (SILIC), BIO.SI (BIOSI), chlorophlly A (CHLA), BOD30, and BOD5 for October, 1988 - December, 1993. 4. TSS/VSS DATA (Attachment 11 - "Daily Hudson River TSS/VSS Monitoring from the North River WPCP". Internal DEP memo from Tom Brosnan to Angelika Forndran, October 23, 1991). NRTSSVSS.WQ1 contains TSS (total suspended solid, mg/L) and VSS (volatile suspended solid, %) for surface Hudson River waters collected daily (except week-ends and holidays) from the North River WPCP for November, 1991-present. Bottom sampling began in August, 1993. 5. East River Tributaries (Attachment 12 - Also see "East River Tributary Results for 1992". Internal DEP memo from Bernadette Boniecki to Tom Brosnan, January 12, 1993. Note that the 1993 results will follow.) ERTRIB92.WQ1 & ERTRIB93.WQ1 contain data of site, date, time, current, depth, secchi, salinity, temperature, DO, fecal coliform, TSS, and surface ammonium, combined nitrate-nitrite, total phosphorus, dissolved ortho-phosphate, and chlorophyll 'A'. There is total coliform data in 1992, and there are conductivity, Ph, and BOD data in 1993. 6. NY Bight Hypoxia Cruises (Attachment 13 - Also see "Data report of the 1991 New York Bight Survey". Internal DEP memo from Todd Echelman to Tom Brosnan, July 20, 1992.) BIGHT913.WQ1 contains site, date, time, current, depth, secchi, surface and bottom salinity, temperature, DO, fecal coliform, ammonium, combined nitrate-nitrite, total phosphorus, dissolved ortho-phosphate, chlorophyll 'A', and surface Ph, BOD, and TSS for three times during July - September, 1991. Data will be completed for 1992 and 1993. NJY HSREADME.DOC (6/23/94) Page 2/4 7. Jamaica Bay CSO Study Ambient Data for both top and bottom samples for July - October, 1988 (Attachment 14 - "1988 Jamaica Bay CSO Study Ambient Data Statistics". Internal DEP memo from Yin Ren to Tom Brosnan, Nov 9, 1992). JBTF.PRN contains site, date, total coliform and fecal coliform. JBWQB1.PRN and JBWQT1.PRN contain site, date, depth, secchi, temperature, DO, salinity, calculated salinity, pH, conductivity, enterococci, and total suspended solid (TSS). JBWQB2.PRN and JBWQT2.PRN contain site, date, TVS, BOD5, BOD30, dissolved BOD, sulfide, TKN, ammonia, nitrate-nitrite (NO32), total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll A (Chl A), and oil & grease. 8. East River CSO study Ambient and Point Source Data 1) Ambient Data - four files (Attachment 15 - "East River CSO Study Statistics for Open Waters and Tributaries in 1988 & 1989". Internal DEP memo from Yin Ren to Tom Brosnan, August 3, 1993). WDWQ1.PRN (Jul., Sep. - Nov,1988 and May, Jun. and Sep, 1989) WKLY1.PRN (May - Aug, Oct - Dec, 1988 and Apr - Aug, 1989) contain site, date, time, depth, secchi, temp, DO, salinity, pH, conductivity, enterococci, total coliform, and fecal coliform. WDWQ2.PRN, and WKLY2.PRN (same time period as above 2 files) contain site, date, time, TSS, TVS, BOD5, sulfide, TKN, ammonium, NO32, TP, Chl A, oil & grease. 2) WPCP and CSO Data - (Attachment 16 - "East River CSO Study Statistics from CSO's and WPCP's in 1988 & 1989". Internal DEP memo from Yin Ren to Tom Brosnan, August 3, 1993) CSOER.PRN - contains site, date, time, temperature, pH, conductivity, total coliform, fecal coliform, enterococci, TSS, TVS, oil & grease, total BOD5, filtered BOD5, ammonium, TKN, NO32, and TP. 9. WPCP Databases have all 14 NYC WPCP's metals, nutrients, and average daily flow (Attachment 17 - Tom's read me file). WPCPMET.PRN contains average daily flow (MGD) and metals (mg/L) in influent, effluent, dry, and wet sludge data for Jan. 1985 - Apr. 1994. The metals include Ag (Silver), As (Arsenic), Be (Beryllium), Cd (Cadmium), Cr (Chromium), Cu (Copper), Hg (Mercury), Mo (Molybdenum - starting 1992), Ni (Nickel), Pb (Lead), Se (Selenium - starting 1992), V (Vanadium - sludge only), and Zn (Zinc). NJY HSREADME.DOC (6/23/94) Page 3/4 WPCPNUT.PRN (Attachment 18 - "Availability of WPCP Nutrients, TSS, and BOD Data-Base". Internal DEP memo from Yin Ren to Tom Brosnan, July 1, 1994) contains average daily nutrients (mg/L), BOD and TSS (mg/L) in influent and effluent, and average daily flow (MGD). The nutrients include NH4 (Ammonium), TKN (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen), NO3 (Nitrate), NO2 (Nitrite), TP (Total Phosphorus), and OP (Dissolved Ortho Phosphate) CC: Forndran/Markowitz/Chrono NYC-DEP HARBOR SURVEY PROGRAM ANALYSIS + Dissolved Oxygen + Temperature + Salinity + BOD (5 DAY) Total Coliform Bacteria Total Coliform Bacteria (MPN) Fecal Coliform Bacteria (MF) + Nutrients Volatile Organic + Plankton Sediments + Chlorophyll + pH + Secchi Transparency FREQUENCY* T & B - semi-monthly " " " " " " " " " " " " T - semi-monthly T & B - semi-annually T - monthly Annually T - semi-monthly T & B - semi-monthly T - semi-monthly YEAR STARTED 1909 1914 " " 1935 " " 1954 1974 " " 1975 1978 1983-1989 1985 " " " " NO.OF SITES WHEN STARTED** 12 18 33 40 52 + CTD + TSS Miscellaneous -Toxics -Tidal Cycles T & B -semi-monthly " " 26 Sites - Annually 3 Sites/year 1990 " " 1985-1987 1923 -Intensive Surveys (LISS; Emergency/Complaint Response/Metals Wasteload Allocation) * - Frequency represents present day frequency, Summer only (June through September); ** - All analyses (except Miscellaneous) currently performed at all 52 sites; + - Since October 1990, these are also monitored from Oct.-May, semimonthly; except Chl A started yr-round in 1991; T = Top or Surface Water; B = Bottom Waters; LISS = Long Island Sound Study; MPN = Most Probable Number Method; MF = Membrane Filter Method; CTD = Conductivity, Temperature, & Depth (with transmissometer & fluorometer as of June 1992). NJY HSREADME.DOC 6/7/93 Attach 1 NYC DEP HARBOR SURVEY STATION LOCATIONSa, DEPTHSb, and START DATES HUDSON RIVER N-1 Mt. St. Vincent One-fourth of the distance from New York (Depth = 46 ft) shore at Mt. St. Vincent Academy to the (Year = 1909c) New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 54' 52", Long. 73 54' 58". N-2 Spuyten Duyvil One-fourth of the distance from the center (44 ft) pier of the Railroad Bridge over Spuyten (1911) Duyvill Creek to the New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 52' 46", Long. 73 55' 49". N-3 155th Street One-fourth of the distance from the (46 ft) Manhattan shore at West 155th Street to (1911) the New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 50' 11", Long. 73 57' 15". N-3B 125th Street One-third of the distance from the (65 ft) Manhattan shore at West 125th Street to (1955) the New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 49' 15", Long. 73 57' 55". N-3A 72nd Street One-third of the distance from the (43 ft) Manhattan shore at West 72nd Street to (1955) the New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 47' 00", Long. 73 59' 33". N-4 42nd Street One-third of the distance from the (52 ft) Manhattan shore at West 42nd Street to (1909) the New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 45' 52", Long. 74 00' 24". N-5 Pier A-The Battery One-third of the distance from Pier A, (49 ft) Manhattan to the Conrail Terminal formerly (1909) used ferry slips, Communipaw, New Jersey. Lat. 40 42' 16", Long. 74 01' 23". UPPER NEW YORK BAY N-6 Bell Buoy 1G As near to gong buoy No. 27 as safety (Buoy 27) will permit. (56 ft) (1914d) Lat. 40 39' 54", Long. 74 03' 10". N-7 Robbins Reef Channel Buoy No. 24; 1900 yards south (47 ft) (1909) east of Robbin's Reef Light. Lat. 40 38' 38", Long. 74 03' 14". G-1 Gowanus Bay North of Gowanus Bay, south of Erie (42 ft) (1984) Basin. Lat.40 39' 45", Long. 74 00' 55". G-2 Gowanus Channel East end of Gowanus Channel, west of (32 ft) (1984) Gowanus Canal. Lat. 40 40' 00", Long. 74 00' 12". THE NARROWS N-8 Verrazano Narrows Midspan under the Verrazano-Narrows (90 ft) (1909) Bridge. Lat. 40 36' 22", Long. 74 02' 44". NJY HSREADME.DOC (6/22/94) Attach 2 (cont.1/4) LOWER EAST RIVER E-1 Pier 10 Midstream on a line between Pier 9 & 11, (41 ft) Manhattan and Pier 3, Brooklyn. (1909) Lat. 40 42' 01", Long. 74 00' 11". E-2 23rd Street One-third of the distance from the foot (40 ft) of East 23rd Street, Manhattan to the (1909) Brooklyn shore. Lat. 40 44' 03", Long. 73 58' 04". E-2A Newtown Creek North of Franklin Street in Newtown Creek (16 ft) Channel. (1984) Lat. 40 44' 16", Long. 73 57' 33". E-3 42nd Street One-fourth of the distance from the foot (42 ft) of East 42nd Street, Manhattan to the (1909) Queens shore (middle of west channel). Lat. 40 44' 51", Long. 73 57' 58". E-4 Hell Gate Midstream under Railroad Bridge. (76 ft) (1924d) Lat. 40 46' 57", Long. 73 55' 19". UPPER EAST RIVER E-5 Barretto Point One-third of the distance from Barretto (66 ft) (1917d) Point to the dock on Riker's Island. Lat. 40 48' 03", Long. 73 53' 10". E-6 Flushing Bay 165 yds. west of the formerly used (14 ft) College Point ferry slip. (1917) Lat. 40 47' 08", Long. 73 51' 39". E-7 Whitestone One-third of the distance from (45 ft) (1917d) Whitestone Point to the Bronx Shore. Lat. 40 48' 18", Long. 73 49' 14". E-8 Throgs Neck Midway between the two forts at the (88 ft) narrowest point. (1909) Lat. 40 47' 58", Long. 73 47' 13". E-13 Westchester Creek Westchester Creek channel, near N"2". (14 ft) (1984) Lat. 40 48' 22", Long. 73 50' 28". E-14 Bronx River Bronx River channel, near N"2". (14 ft) (1984) Lat. 40 48' 03", Long. 73 51' 52". E-15 Flushing Bay, S. Flushing Bay, SEE of jetty near N"2". (17 ft) (1984) Lat. 40 45' 48", Long. 73 50' 58". E-9 Stepping Stones One-half mile north of Stepping Stones (69 ft) Lighthouse. (1909) Lat. 40 49' 56", Long. 73 46' 38". E-10 Hart Island 200 yards east of the south tip of Hart (88 ft) (1946) Island. Lat.40 50' 35",Long. 73 46' 01". E-11 Little Neck Bay Little Neck Bay near BWC "LN". (11 ft) (1984) Lat. 40 47' 15", Long. 73 45' 48". E-12 Eastchester Bay Eastchester Bay channel, near N"6". (9 ft) (1984) Lat. 40 51' 16", Long. 73 48' 34". Attach 2 (cont.2/4) HARLEM RIVER H-1 Spuyten Duyvil Midstream and sufficiently east of the (20 ft) Railroad Drawbridge to avoid danger from (1909) westerly currents. Lat. 40 52' 41", Long. 73 55' 26". H-2 Morris Heights Midstream opposite the Consolidated Edison (16 ft) Power Station. (1914) Lat. 40 51' 31", Long. 73 55' 07". H-3 155th Street Midstream and immediately north or south (15 ft) of the center pier of the drawbridge, (1909) depending on the current. Lat. 40 49' 41", Long. 73 56' 02". H-4 Willis Avenue Midstream and immediately north or south (20 ft) of the center pier of the drawbridge, (1911) depending on the current. Lat. 40 48' 13", Long. 73 55' 45". H-5 106th Street Midstream opposite the foot of East 106th (22 ft) Street, Manhattan. (1913) Lat. 40 47' 16", Long. 73 56' 09". LOWER NEW YORK BAY K-5A Raritan River Flashing Black Buoy No. 5; 800 yards (25 ft) northeast of Middlesex County Outfall. (1956) Lat. 40 29' 04", Long. 74 14' 45". K-6 Orchard Light 200 yards from Old Orchard Light in line (18 ft) with the beacon at Old Orchard Shoal. (1934) Lat. 40 30' 37", Long. 74 06' 03". N-9 Steeplechase Pier 200 yards south of the Steeplechase Pier (20 ft) (1932d) at Coney Island. Lat. 40 34' 06", Long.73 59' 00". N-16 Sl-Fl-W Gong Approx. 1620 yards (0.8 nautical mile) (Rockaway Point) south of Rockaway Point. (24 ft) (1949) Lat. 40 31' 47", Long. 73 56' 37". KILL VAN KULL K-1 B & O Coal Dock One-half of the distance from the former (35 ft) (1917d) B & O Railroad coal dock pilings, New Brighton to the New Jersey shore. Lat. 40 39' 04", Long. 74 04' 55". K-2 Shooters Island One-half of the distance from the former (21 ft) (1917d) ferry slip pilings on Shooters Island to the Staten Island shore. Lat. 40 38' 26", Long. 74 09' 30". ARTHUR KILL K-3 B & O Railroad Midstream under Railroad Bridge. Bridge Lat. 40 38' 15", Long. 74 11' 45". (36 ft) (1917) K-4 Fresh Kills One-half of the distance from the U.S. (35 ft) (1917d) Metals Refining dock in New Jersey to the middle of the southerly mouth of Fresh Kills. Lat. 40 34' 01", Long. 74 12' 42". NJY HSREADME.DOC (6/22/94) Attach 2 (cont.3/4) K-5 Tottenville One-half of the distance from the former (35 ft) Tottenville ferry slip at Perth Amboy to (1917d) the Staten Island shore. Lat. 40 30' 22", Long. 74 15' 32". JAMAICA BAY N-9A Coney Island Flashing Red Buoy No. 2; approx. 420 West of Outfall yards west of Coney Island Outfall. (18 ft) (1936) Lat. 40 34' 04", Long. 73 56' 08". J-1 Rockaway Inlet Under the center of the bridge from Barren (30 ft) (1925d) Island to Rockaway. Lat. 40 34' 24", Long. 73 53' 05". J-2 Mill Basin At the east end of the channel, midway (42 ft) (1925d) between channel Buoys. Lat. 40 36' 29", Long. 73 53' 09". J-3 Canarsie In the channel 150 yards south of the end (30 ft) (1925) of the Canarsie Pier. Lat. 40 37' 37", Long. 73 52' 58". J-5 Railroad trestle At the center pier of the bridge over (16 ft) (1925d) Beach Channel, Hammels. Lat. 40 35' 45", Long. 73 48' 38". J-7 Bergen Basin At the mouth of Bergen Basin, southeast (28 ft) of the sludge storage tank between Buoys (1948) 2 and 3. Lat. 40 38' 43", Long. 73 49' 15". J-8 Spring Creek East side of mouth of Old Mill Creek, (20 ft) midway between C"27" and C"29". (1984) Lat. 40 38' 34", Long. 73 50' 49". J-9 Fresh Creek 200 yards northwest of C"21" in channel to (14 ft) Fresh Creek. (1984-1990) Lat. 40 38' 02", Long. 73 52' 27". J-9A Fr. Ck. Buoy C21 C"21" in channel to Fresh Creek. (16 ft) (1990) Lat. 40 38' 02", Long. 73 52' 25". J-10 Paerdegat Basin 150 yards southeast of bridge at mouth (20 ft) (1984) of Paerdegat Basin. Lat. 40 37' 18", Long. 73 53' 41". J-11 Sheepshead Bay Sheepshead Bay near N"16". (15 ft) (1984) Lat. 40 34' 54", Long. 73 56' 17". a - All station locations, and latitudes and longitudes were re-verified on NOAA Nautical Charts, 1992. All significant corrections from 1988-1990 Harbor Survey Report are in bold print. b - All depths are soundings in feet at Mean Lower Low Water, estimated from NOAA Nautical Charts, 1992. c - year in brackets is first year of continuous data record. d - some sporadic data exists prior to year indicated. Attach 2 (cont.4/4) METHODS A. Sampling - NYCDEP personnel sampled surface and bottom waters at each of 52 stations (Attachment 2) approximately once every other week (8-12 times, June - September). Additional year-round sampling for most parameters has been performed since October, 1990. Unless noted otherwise, all methods conformed to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. A historical summary of analyses conducted by the Harbor Survey since 1909, is presented in Attachment 1. Water samples were collected from onboard the HSV Osprey, an aluminum-hulled 55 foot twin-engine diesel craft. Stations are located in the field by latitude-longitude and line-of-site from station descriptions in Attachment 2. Note that past typographical errors for some of these descriptions and coordinates have recently been corrected. Water samples were collected from surface waters (1 meter below the water surface) and bottom waters (1 meter above the sediment surface) using a 3.2 liter Kemmerer sampler. After July 1992, bottom samples were collected using a 5.0 liter Teflon-lined Niskin sampler. B. Total and Fecal Coliform - The multiple tube fermentation technique for total coliform bacteria was begun onboard by aseptically inoculating five tubes of lauryl tryptose broth in three serial decimal dilution portions for a total of 3 x 5 = 15 tubes per sample. The sample water dilutions used depended on expected coliform concentrations for each station; greater dilutions were used following rain events. The tubes were immediately incubated on board at 35C. After docking, they were transported to the Wards Island (WI) laboratory for continued incubation. The presumptive test was followed by the confirmed test using brilliant green bile media. Data were reported as the most probable number of coliform per 100 ml (MPN/100 ml). Blank and duplicate analyses were performed daily as part of the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program, as per Standard Methods. The membrane filter (MF) technique has been used to determine fecal coliform concentrations in Harbor waters since 1974. Prior to 1985, daily surface and bottom water samples at each site were composite; since 1985, surface and bottom samples have been analyzed separately. Samples were aseptically filtered on-board through 0.45 micron membrane filters with the aid of a vacuum pump. The amount of sample filtered depended on expected fecal coliform concentrations. The membrane was aseptically removed from the filter holder and placed into a 47 mm petri dish containing M-FC media. Petri dishes were immediately placed in portable incubators at 44.5oC for 24 2 hours of incubation. The appropriate colonies were then counted and reported as number of fecal coliform/100 ml. Blank and duplicate analyses were performed daily as part of the QA/QC program. Attach 3 ( Page 1/7) C. Temperature, Salinity, and Density - In 1991, temperature, salinity, and density profiles of the water column at each station were obtained using a Seabird Seacat (SBE 19) CTD. Starting in June 1992, these measurements were typically performed using a Sea-Bird SBE 25-03 Sealogger CTD. This instrument is capable of taking two readings per second of conductivity and temperature. Software supplied by the manufacturer enables the calculation of salinity from these values. The instrument is also configured with other sensors including a fluorometer, a 10cm pathlength transmissometer, and a polarographic dissolved oxygen sensor, all also capable of collecting data twice a second. These data are then used to generate a profile for each parameter down through the entire water column (to within one meter of the bottom) at each sampling station. Duplicate analyses were performed at one random station per day. When the CTD was unavailable, a Labcomp SCT meter was used for salinity and temperature readings only. D. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) - From 1909 to 1984, DO was determined onboard using the azide modification of the Winkler method. From 1985 through 1987, YSI DO meters were often used. These DO meters were calibrated and rechecked two or three times each sampling day using the azide modification of the Winkler method. From 1988 through 1992, the Winkler method was once again used almost exclusively. Duplicates were analyzed at one random station per day. Reagents are changed at regular intervals. E. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) - Samples for BOD analysis were collected in clean 1 liter polypropylene bottles, cooled to 4oC, and delivered to the Oakwood Beach Process Control Lab for unseeded 5-Day BOD analysis which included sample reaeration, and incubation at 20oC for five days. F. Nutrients - Samples for nutrients (total phosphorus, and the dissolved fractions of orthophosphate, ammonium, and nitrate-nitrite combined) were determined from twice monthly surface samples. Total phosphorus samples were placed directly in sample-rinsed 125 ml polypropylene bottles, refrigerated at 4oC, acidified with sulfuric acid to pH <2, and then placed in coolers for transport back to the Wards Island laboratory. For ammonium, nitrate-nitrite, and ortho- phosphate, 250 ml samples were immediately filtered on-board through pre-rinsed 0.45 micron membrane filters, placed in 250 ml bottles, refrigerated, preserved with sulfuric acid, and put in coolers for transport back to the lab. Prior to 1989, nutrient concentrations were measured using a Technicon Auto Analyzer II according to Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes. Since 1989, a TRAACS 800 using the modified Industrial Method has been used. For a comparison of LISS/NYCDEP split-sampling results, see pages Q12-Q13 in Harbor Survey Report 1991-1992. G. Chlorophyll 'a' and Plankton - Chlorophyll 'a' and plankton samples were collected from surface waters with the nutrient samples. Chlorophyll 'a' was determined fluorometrically following on-board Attach 3 (cont.2/7) filtration of 250 ml through 0.45 micron membrane filters, and extraction in aqueous acetone, as detailed in Standard Methods. For plankton analyses, 0.8 L of surface water was collected monthly from each station. 5.6 ml of Lugol's solution was added to each sample in one liter glass beakers and samples were allowed to settle for 48 hours. After settling, the supernatant was siphoned off, concentrating the sample to a final volume of 100 ml. A portion of the concentrated sample was stored in a clean glass screw cap vial for future plankton analysis by the Oakwood Beach Lab. A Sedgewick-Rafter cell was used for plankton counting. This cell is 50 mm long by 20 mm wide by 1 mm deep giving it a volume of 1 ml. A calibrated Zeiss Photomicroscope III equipped with a Whipple ocular micrometer was used to identify and count all plankton cells contained in the 1 ml of concentrated sample in the S-R counting cell. Ten or twenty random Whipple disc fields at magnifications of 125x, 200x and 320x were counted for the more abundant forms. Concentrations of rare forms were estimated by 'strip counts' or by 'survey counts'. Calculations and methods were performed according to Standard Methods. H. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) - Samples for TSS analysis were collected once at surface and bottom waters of each station in November and December of 1990, and thereafter bi-monthly year-round through 1992. TSS was determined from filtration of 250 ml samples through pre-weighed Whatman GFF 934AH filters tared in crucibles, as per Standard Methods. I. Secchi Transparency - Transparency of surface waters was estimated using a standard black and white quadrant Secchi disk, as per Standard Methods. Measurements were recorded to the nearest one-half foot. J. pH - pH measurements were performed on surface and bottom waters of each site on the boat immediately after sample collection. pH meters used included a Cole-Parmer pH Vision 6009, and an Orion 250A, with integrated temperature probe. pH meters were calibrated daily with fresh standards. K. Tidal Cycle Studies - Special tidal cycle studies included analyses of DO, temperature, salinity, total coliform, TSS, and chlorophyll 'a' concentrations for 12 hours (~6 am to ~6 pm) during an ebb and flood tidal cycle at each of the three limits of the harbor: the Hudson River at Mount St. Vincent, the East River at Throgs Neck, and the Narrows in New York Bay in 1991 and 1992. Samples were collected from the surface and bottom on each side of the waterway and in midstream every hour, except for coliform, TSS, and chlorophyll 'a', which were sampled every other hour. L. Trace Metals in NY/NJ Harbor Waters and Sediment i) Metals in the Water Column - As part of data collection activities for the metals waste load allocation (WLA) modeling effort of the NY/NJ Harbor Estuary Program (HEP), water column and sediment metals Attach 3 (cont.3/7) samples were analyzed. Water column metals sampling was performed by U.S. EPA and Battelle Ocean Sciences (Duxbury, MA) in January and May of 1991, and by NYCDEP and Battelle in October 1991. Methods for metals sampling, handling, and analysis were appropriate for measurements of trace metals in estuarine waters. Samples were collected with acid-washed, Teflon-lined Go-Flo sampling bottles. Sample preservation and filtration (for dissolved samples) were immediately performed on board. All metals and associated laboratory measurements were performed by Battelle. All metals samples, except mercury, were extracted by a solvent-solvent extraction before analysis by graphite furnace atomic-absorption spectroscopy; mercury samples were analyzed by gold amalgamation. Sample handling, and analysis are presented in flow charts on page K5; full details are provided in the quality assurance plan. Water column metals samples were collected at sites throughout the estuary in 1991 during January (representing a high river flow/high TSS period), May (tidal cycle sampling), and October 1991 (low river flow/low TSS period). Sampling sites differ from regular Harbor Survey sites (pp. K1-K4). Sampling logistics are presented below. Water Column Sampling Logistics for WLA in 1991 MO/YR, Survey Type, No. of Sites,Sample Depth,Analysesc 1/91,High Flow,37, a,Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, POC, DOC, TSS 5/91,Tidal Cy- cle,6, b,Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, POC, DOC, TSS 10/91,Low Flow,18, a,Ag, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, POC, DOC, TSS a Five sites sampled at 1m below surface and 3m above bottom, and remaining sites sampled just below pycnocline, if present; if not present, sampled at mid-depth. b All six sites sampled at upper one-quarter and lower three quarters of the water column at ebb, low, flood, and high tide. c Forms of metals measured in January included total recoverable, acid soluble, particulate and dissolved. In May, acid soluble was omitted; in October, acid soluble and particulate were omitted. ii) Metals, Toxicity, and Associated Measurements in Sediments - The U.S. EPA, NYCDEP, and Battelle also collected sediment samples at 20 stations throughout the estuary over four days during February, 1992 (pp. K1-K4). Sampling locations included sites throughout the Harbor, Bight Apex, Jamaica Bay, Newark Bay, the Passaic, Hackensack, upstream Hudson, and western Long Island Sound (WLIS). Parameters measured in the bulk surface sediments included: sediment toxicity, acid volatile sulfides (AVS), simultaneously extracted metals (SEM), bulk sediment metal concentrations, grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), pH, and Attach 3 (cont.4/7) redox potential. In addition, porewater measurements included salinity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved sulfide (as H2S), ammonium, and metals concentrations. Metals measured in SEM, bulk sediments, and porewaters included silver (Ag), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn). Clean techniques appropriate for the collection of trace metals were used throughout the study. Test procedures are briefly described below. Full details please see Harbor Survey Report 1991-1992. Of the twenty surficial (i.e., upper 5 cm) sediment samples, seventeen were collected from the U.S. EPA's R/V Anderson using a box corer. The three remaining samples (at sites E3, A8, and A9) were collected from the U.S. EPA's R/V Clean Waters, using both Smith-MacIntyre and Ponar sediment grabs. Sample processing is displayed on page L1. The sediment samples were processed under nitrogen to prevent oxidation of the AVS. Acute toxicity of bedded sediment was conducted over a ten day period using a solid phase, flow-through method with the amphipod, Ampelisca abdita, as the test organism. A 96-hour static test was also performed using cadmium chloride (CdCl) as the reference toxicant to test the relative sensitivity of the test organisms. SEM/AVS were determined using the colorimetric method of Allen et al. (1991). Samples for metals in bulk sediments were digested using an aqua regia acid solution and heating with a microwave oven in a closed Teflon digestion vessel. The solution was then diluted and analyzed with furnace and flame atomic absorption techniques for all metals except mercury, which was measured using cold vapor atomic absorption procedures. Porewaters were extracted by centrifugation, and all metals (except mercury) were analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption. Mercury pore water concentrations were determined using cold vapor atomic fluorescence. Five of the porewater metals (Ag, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb) required a chelation step to concentrate the metal and reduce interferences. M. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - Surface and bottom water samples were collected twice from each station for analysis of selected purgeable, volatile, organic priority pollutants (VOCs), using U.S. EPA Test Method 624. Samples were collected using Kemmerer samplers from the front of the boat and transferred to 125 ml glass vials filled to overflowing to exclude air bubbles. A purge and trap device was attached to a Hewlett-Packard Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrophotometer electronic data system, and run in the select ion mode. N. Special Studies i) Long Island Sound Study (LISS) - The LISS is a six year federally-funded research and management program whose goals are to identify the major environmental problems of the Sound, and to develop a Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan by 1994. The Harbor Attach 3 (cont.5/7) Survey Program has been expanded since 1988 to provide additional data for this program (see Nutrients section). ii) NY Bight Hypoxia Monitoring - In response to concerns that unusually warm temperatures in late spring 1991 might cause severe hypoxia in the NY Bight, three monitoring cruises were conducted jointly with the Waste Management Institute of the University of New York at Stony Brook during summer 1991. A fourth cruise was performed in August, 1992. iii) East River Tributaries - Harbor Survey monitoring was expanded to tributaries of the East River to gather baseline ambient water quality data in support of NYC's involvement in the LISS, and CSO Abatement Program. Monitoring of three sites on the Bronx River and one site on Westchester Creek was performed from April through September, 1992. iv) Fresh Creek Sampling (Jamaica Bay) - In anticipation of the expansion of a prototype combined sewer overflow (CSO) abatement facility, baseline sampling was performed eight times from July through November, 1991. v) Daily TSS and volatile suspended solids (VSS) Monitoring of the Hudson River - In an effort to provide additional data to help characterize the variability of TSS in the Hudson, a daily surface sample of Hudson River water has been collected from the dock of the North River Water Pollution Control Plant since late 1991. Data are available upon request from the Marine Sciences Section. O. Statistical Analysis and Data Presentation - Long-term linear trends were quantified using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Trends were evaluated by computing Pearson product-moment correlations at a significance level of p < 0.05, unless noted otherwise; datasets which did not display normal distributions (e.g., coliform and metals) were log-transformed prior to trend analysis. Other statistical determinations (regression, factor and discriminant analyses) included careful analysis of the assumptions of each statistical test. Minor deviations and modifications are noted where relevant. Special note with respect to Concentration Distribution Maps: these maps are used to depict areas of high and low concentration relative to the rest of the Harbor. Concentration gradients on most maps (except DO and coliform) are delineated by quartiles which assign four levels of shading based upon 25th percentiles. For example, on page D1, the 13 lowest average concentration sites for salinity are shown as black (13/52 = 25%). Note that these concentrations are really site specific, and extrapolation to other areas depicted on these maps may not be valid, and should be interpreted with caution. Note also that maps and especially waterways are not necessarily drawn to scale. All figures and tables are in Appendices A through Q at the back of the Harbor Survey Report 1991 - 1992. Selected figures and tables are also presented in the main body of the report. Attach 3 (cont.6/7) P. QA/QC - Daily quality control procedures for all parameters included analysis of duplicate, spike, and blank samples; replicated and documented calibrations of meters; and comparison of results between analysts. QC charts and comparisons of Harbor Survey data with other monitoring programs are presented in Appendix Q in the Harbor Survey Report 1991-1992. Attach 3 (cont.7/7)