DECEWEB, 1886. MONTHLY WBATHER REVIEW. 299
a f Newfoundlaud. By the 9th it had reached N. &do, W. 3 P
the pressure having increased to 29.85 (7584, and during tht day i t probably tilled in; ou the following day i-lti area..) high pressures occupied the ocean, extending apparently from the Banks of Newfonndlancl emtward to the Enropean coasts, &-This low mea appeared ou the 19th between N. 50° and
Mio and W. 30° and 40°. At midnight of t,he 11th the n. s
‘6 State of Nebraska,” A. a. Braes, commanding, had barom .et,er 29.4 (746.7), wind sw., strong gale, in N. BOo IS’, W,
40° O f , and at noon of the 12th the s. w. ‘L Ethiopia,” J. Wil.
son, commanding, reported barometer 29.37 (746.0), in N. 5aC .51f, W. 30° 03’, wind NW., force 7. This depressioti moved
northeastward with gradually dccreming pressure, aud passed beyond the range of the observations duriug the 13th ; on thal date moderate sw. and w. gales prevailed over the region frow the British Isles westwa,rcl to the twentieth meridian, aud
from N. 50O northward to N. 5 5 O .
7,-This low areN appeared near N. 49O, W. 35O, ou the 13tJi j
during the 19th t h e N. 8. (‘ Fmnce,” A. D. HadIey, commaud.
ing, in N. 4 5 O 50f, W. 35O 51f, had barometer 30.0 (763.0), falling steadily, with stroug ssw. breeze. On the 13th the s ,
8. 6‘ Baltic,” G. Burton, comtrianding, in N. 48O 51f, W. 3 7 O 37f1
had barometer 29.56 (750.8), wind w. by s., h r c e 4, having shifted from sw.; on the same date tlie s. N. Persiau Mon. arch,” J. Watson, commaiiding, in N. duo 5Sf, W. 3 3 O lSf! had barometer 39.57 (761.1), wind ne., force 5, and the R. s.
*6 France,” in N. #io 39/, W. 30° 22f, barometer 29.64 (752.8),
wind 8. by w., force 8. The reports for the 14th and 15th
showed the existence of a large, appareutly elongated, iirea 01
low pressure Over the ocean between W. 35O :bud 18O, a.ud stretching from about N. Poo northemtwarcl, t.0 ?J.*55O ; within this area the pressure ra,uged from 29.3 (744.3 I to 39.7 (754.4), and moderate to fresh gales from se., e., and 11. were reported.
By the 15th the low area had appareutly exteuded to the Azores, while high pressures occupied t h e Bay of Biscay and
southwestern Europe. &-This was a continuation of the storm tleacribetl a4 num. ber vi under “Areas of low pressure” iu this BEVIEW. On the morning of the 15th the centre was orer the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, with pressure about 29.3 (744.3), and attended by moderate to strong gales from 8. to sw. and w. over the Banks and southward to Poo N. On the 16th tho ceutre of the low
a m was near N. 5 3 O , W. 40°, where the pressure was L9.36
(745.5), the barometric resdings increasing to 39.65 (753.11 near the forty-sixth parallel. To the emtward of the storm. ceutre t.he winds were from 8. to sw., blowing with the force ol
8 moderate gale, and to the southward and westward they were from nw. and w., force 5 to 7. On the 17th the lowest, readjug8 were shown near N. 52O and between W. 30° and 3 5 O , where they ranged from 29.53 (750.0) to 29.7 (7544, while the witid
did not, generally, exceed the force of a strong breeze. On the
18th the storm-centre, att.ended by moderate to strong breezes only, wm shown near N. 63O, W. 36O, the lowest reported press- ures h i n g 39.4 (746.7) and L4.43 (747.5), with strongs. aud Ne. winds to the eastward and northward of the above-meutioned position. This low area continued its easterly movement dur- ing the 19th, and by the following day it had apparently entered Ireland RS a slight depression, with lowest barometer about
29.7 (754.4). 9,-This area appears to hare developed over the oceaii to the southeast of Nova Scotia, during the 19th when the storm
described as number vii under ‘bArer~ of low pressure” in fhis REVIEW, was moving northeastward over New Euglautl and the Cmadiau Maritime Proviaoea. On the 18th an area
of high pressure occupied t h e Gulf of Saint Lawrence, New- foundland, and the Bauks, and apparent,ly extended south- ward beyond the fortieth parallel. On the 19th the s. s.
~r ~u g o ,’ y A. de Mugica8 commanding, in N. 41° 53f, W. 5 8 O
Psf, a t uoon (Greenwich time),reprted barometer 29.68 (‘i63.9), being a fall of about .55 inch since the observation of the 18th, wind sse., force 7, cloudy and rainy; at 1.30 p. m. the wind was sw., and at 4 1). m. i t was blowing o fresh gale fmm
wnw., bmmeter re.ading 20.69 (251.6); a t 5 p. m., wind nnw., strong breeze, and at 11 p. IU. the wind again Nhifted to m.,
in a fresh breeze. The 8. N. (6 Assyriau Monarch,” John Har- rison, tmmmanding, i t i N. 41O 39, W. 59O 45’, at noon (areen-
wicli h i e ) oii the 19th, had barometer 29.73 (764.9),, being a
b l l of about .58 inch, wintl nnw., force 8. The 8. s. “Per- siaii Monarch,” J. Watson, cornmitoding, passed in close prox- imity to the Ntorm-ceutre on the 19th; that vessel, in N. 4 4 O
21f, W. 5 5 O O l f , at 7.10 p. m. (Greeuwich time), had barometer down to 39.46 (74X.7), the wind blowing a whole gale from se., and increasing t.0 hurricane force. The wind shifted to AW.
i i t h liea,vy rain, tlieu to w., falling calm, ;and then coming ont from t i . and nne. Dnring the 30th the disturbance apparently passed nortlieawt~wit~rd, and probably united with the low area traced as number 10, wliicli, on the !Hat, was moringorer Nea- foundland. At uooii of the 20th the 8. N. 6LR~mad,~’ D. Wil- liams, commibndiug, in N. 4 6 O 57f, W. 4 8 O bof, l i d barometer 59.88 (758.9), wind sw. by w., force 4.
1O.-Tlii.u w‘tbn ;I contiuuation of the low area dearibed 88.
numbor vii under LL Areas of low 1)1~3ssnre~~ in Ohia .REVIEW. Dnriug the 19th imd 2Otli it passed northeastward over the Maritime Provinces and the Giilf of Saint Lawrence ~8 8
severc storm, with pressure a t the centre about B.3 (741.7), and attended by moderate to strong gales from sw. to nw. at
sea and aloiig the coist of the United States. On the 2lst i t was apparently central over Newfouiidlimd, whence it passed northeastward, causing moderate to strong gales from 8. to sw. over the ocean near the fiftieth parallel, with bitrometer rang-
ing from 29.5 (749.3) to 39.7 (754.4). On the Sf!d the reports indicilted the preseiice of a depresnion to the southeastward of Nova Scotia, and strong gales from s. to IIW. were reported, but at the preseiit writing the reports are insufficient to deter- niine it8 course. During t h e passage of the low area described as number ix under b‘Aress of low pressure” in this REVIEW, very strong gales. prevailed over the western part of the oman from the
35th to the :iOtli, the n. and uw. gales over the ocean between. the coast of the United States and Bermuda being especially severe, and extending its far Rout11 as the West Indies.
OCEAN ICE.
The positions of the icebergs reported during December, 1885,
are shown on chart i by shaded spots. They were observed by the following vessels :
December lSth.-S. 8. L‘Devonitt,7y in N. 47O 95f, W. 46O 01,
passed a large iceberg. 19th.-S. 5. “Lake Hurou,”in .N. 4i0 15’, W. Go 40,’ passed
a large iceberg. 24th.-S. 5. L 6 Cimiwsiit,” in N. 4 7 O 46f, W. 4 5 O 33f, passed
a11 iceberg. 30th.43. 5. LL Carthageuian” obtierved two icebergs off the entrance to Saint John’s Harbor, Newfoundlaud. The 6. 8.
‘4 Portia 9’ also psssed neverd icebergs on the Newfoundland
coast.
For December of the three preceding years no icebergs have been reported by observers of t h i s ofice.
SIGNAL SERVICE AGENCIES.
Sigual Service agencies have beeuestablished in the Maritime Excliaiige buildings at New Pork Oity aud Philadelphia, and in the Custom-House, Bostou, where the necessary blanks and other information will be furnished to ship-masters.
Iu pursuance of the arraugements made with the Meteorolo- gical Office of London, England, there were cabled to that affice from New Pork during December, 1885, twelve reporta miiceruing stoms encountered by vessels in the Atlilutic west af the forty-fifth meridian ; one message was sent h m Boston.
TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR.
[.Xxpreaaed b degrece, FahTenheit.]
The distribution of meau temperature over the United states and Canada for December, 1886, is exhibited on ohart ii hy the dotted isothermal lines; and in the tables of miactella-
300
~___ ~
0
Fort Laramie . Wyoming ..................... 83.7 West Las Animas. Colorado ................. 82.2
Valentine . Nebrwka ........................... 77.2 Poplar River. Montmu ....................... 76.1 Cheyenne Wyoming ........................... 76.0 North Plitte. Nebraaka _ ..................... 75.0
Denver Colorado I
.............................. Fort Eiliott . Texas _ .......................... g:g
--
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW .
0
Fort Canby. Waahington Territory _ ... 22.6 Sun Francisco California .................... 23.0
Sacramento. California .......................
Portland . Oregon ............................... 31.2 hey West, Florida ............................. 9.8
Cap Mendicldo. California ................. Astoria. Oregon ................................... 2::
Roneburg. Oregon ..........."...."....... ..... 2:;
DECEMBER. 1886 .
5:; 48 b
62.5
50.2
50.7 9 .8
41.5 35.1
mous data are given the monthly mean temperatures. with
the departures from the normal. for the various stations of the Signal Service . I n the following table are given the mean temperatures for
the several geographical districts. with the normals sud depart- ures. as deduced from Signal Service observations :
Average temperatures for December .
.3 1.7 38.0
47.1 56.6 47.4 50.7 62.2
40.6 35.9
Dlntrlctw .
. Florida Penlnaula ............................................................
Wentern Qulf States ........................................................
Tanneasee ........................................................................ Ohio Valley .....................................................................
Upper Lake region ......................................................... Extrenie Northwest ........................................................
A o u r i Valley ...............................................................
Eaatern h l f states ..........................................................
%io Grande Valley ...........................................................
Lower Lake region .............................. : ...........................
U per Piasisaippl Valley ..................................... : ............
Northern slope ................................................................ Piddle dope ................................................................... Sonthern dope ................................................................ Southern plateau ............................................................. Middle platean ................................................................. Northern plateau ............................................................ North Pacific count regloo ................................................. Middle Pacific coa0t reglon .............................................. South Pacific coast reglon ................................................
I nervations .
I
41.5 43.0 32.0
30.1 40.6
ra.3 55.2
46.0 45.8 35.4 30.6 43.6 50.6
. 57.7
:on1 parison of Dee., 1sS5 . with ;he nvernge for several years .
Riley .................................... I sycamore ............................. Indiana . spicelanil ............................... Vevay Lafayette .............................
Uonticello .............................
Iowa .
Cresco ...................................
Lawrence ............................. Wellington ........................... Independence ...................... Yatea Centre .......................... Mainr . Gardiner .............................. Belfaat ............................... Bridgeton 0 ........................... c>rono .................................... IlIarl/l.ind . Pallstoil ................................ Ctnnhrlaud ......_........... ...... Mu8a.rchure(La . Somerset .......................... ..._
...................................
h l l 8 M .
0
$ ::: . 1.5
. 5.9 . 2.8
U.0
+ 2.4
$ ;;
12.1
i
0.5 2
#
.... _ .....
McHenry .................... I De Kalb .......................
Henry .......................... Switzerland _ I Tippecanoe ..................
Jones .......................... Howard
Douglas ...................... Snniner ....................... Montgomery ...............
~
Wuodsun ..................... j
...............
! I
........................
I
In the South Atlantic and e& Gulf states. Louisiana. and Florida. the mean temperature has beeu below the December normal. the departures not exceeding So. except in Florida. where they raiiged from Po to 8 O . The temperature lias also averaged slightly below the nornial over an area eiubraciug portious of Ohio. Iudiana. and southern Michigan. where tlie
departures varied from OO.6, a t Toledo. Ohio. and lndianapol is. Indiana. to 1O.6, at Oiuciunati. Ohio . Outside the areas above- mentioued the only Signal Service statious showing meau tem- peratures below theuormal are : Davenport. Iowa. 1O.8; Erie.
Penusylvania. 1O.2; Oswego. New York. OO.9 ; Dubuque. Iowa.
OO.4. The month has been warmer than the average in sll parts of t h e country. with the exception of the districts above mentioued . I n New England and tlie middle Atlantic states the departures have averaged 1O.5 and 1O.7, respectively; in the lower lake region. Ohio Valley. and Tennessee they aver- aged less than . lo; while in all districts to the west of the Mis- sissippi River. except in the west Gulf states. the temperature has been decidedly above the normal. the departures being most marked in t h e extreme northwest and northern Rocky Moun- taiu districts . The following are some of the moxt marked departures from
the normal :
~~
Above nornial. I1 Below normal .
Palermo ................................ Ohio . Wauaeon .............................. Penna#lvania . Dyberry ............................... Wellsborougli ........................ Rhode Island . Providence .......................... Texan . New Ulin ............................... Ik.nionl.
Luiienhnrg ...........................
n II ,,
Fort Shaw. Montnnn ........................... 14.6 Fort Naginnis . Montana ..................... 13.6 Deadwood. Dakota ............................... 11.8
Helena Moiltana ................................ 10.7 BiamaAk. Dakota ................................ 9.9 Leriston. Idaho ................................... 8.5
. .-
Port Assinabolnc. Montan a. .................. <4
Fort Benton: Mnutana ........................ Florida .............................. 5.7 ........................... .......................... Fort Buford Dakota 6.9
Penracola; Florlda ............................... 5.7 Augusta . Georgln ............................... 2.9 Jacksonville . Flurida .......................... 2.7 A.Innta. Georgia ................................ 2.6 Mobile Alabama ................................ 2.6 lUontg&nery. Alabama ...................... 2.6
The following are some of the greatest and least monthly
ranges : _- ....................... .................................
Leart . ll
Greatest .
...... _ . ._ ...... __- I I b
j BP;
~
522 Station . Connty . ?e ij
5 2
~~~
Dde Entcrprine .....................
~
Ii'eul Virginia . Helve t ia ............................... !
!
Kennehec ....................
~
Waldo ......................... I Cnioberland ............... Penobscot ...................
Harford ...................... Allcghany .................. !
Briatol ........................ I Hampshire .................. ! Middlesex ................... I Wurcesler .................... 1 Middleaex ..................... Bristol ........................ I Hampdan .................... j
Saint John .................. :
Merrlmac
Grufton .......................
Oswego
Fulton ........................
Wayne Tioga
Provldencm
Auatln .........................
Emex ..........................
Nurthampton .............. I
Ne~ron ....................... I W y t he ......................... Rockingham ................
I(andolph ....................
~
....................
~
.......................
I
~
........................ .......................... .................. i
0
37.6
46.3
18.4
30.7 32.2
33.5
28.7 30.1
45.3 21.8 26.4
29.3 34.6
27.3
21 . 16.8
;3 31.2 2s.g
21.4
23.2 22.9
m.9
33.2 33.6
28.2 26.7
19.1 25.8 28.5
31.9 28.0
22.5
26.2
20.8
24.4
26.6
25.1 28.7
29.5
54.0
20.9
41.6
36.9 36 .I
38.2
33.6
...
b
4
20
17 99
IS
3
30 5 IO
24
4
32
6
21
E
'2
5
I8
7
I1
17
15 14
3
2
03
74 I8
25
I8
13
32
15
21
10
51
14
37
16
9
5
21
IO
0
39.0
50.0
32.2
33.3 35.0
38.9
31.2
33.0 41.2
23.2
23.9
30.8
36.9 28.7
22.6
20.2
32.5 34.9 36.4 32.4
25.9 25.5 22.5 25.0
34.8 35.0
33.0 30.6 31.0
1.2
29.8
31.9 31.5
25.4
28.2
21.7
25.6
28.3
27.7 31.3
31.3
54.4
23.0
42.6
37.6 36 .I
39.5
24.4
-
..
t
a
.a
8
0
+1.4
+3.7
$ i::
$ :::
2.8
+ 0.38
$ ::; -4 .1
-1.5 +1.4
1.4
*5::
*3.5
* ::t
$ ii;
2.7 -0.4
+4.1
fij
3.5
+2.9
t. ::;
$ ::x
+1 .2
+1.7
+1.8
+ 0.4-
+2.r
$ ::; 0.0
+1.3
+0.8
From the "Bnlletin of the New England Meteorulogical Society."
The following notes on the temperature for December. and the year 18%. are given by voluntary observers :
Cr~lifornicc.-Sacr~men~o : the anntial temperature for 1886;.
60O.4, is OO.3 above the average for twenty years; the maxi
DECEXBEB, 1886. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 301
1880 ................................. 1881 ...................................... 56.37 18.2 ...................................... 55.51 18E3- ................................... ,5 4 .6 0
I
mum temperatiire for 1886 was 102O.0, and t h e minimum 31O.O;
the extremes during a period of twenty years being 108O, nu
June 11,1877, and 16O, ou December 27, 1878.
IlZinois.-Rileg, McHenry county : the meau temperature
for 1885 waa 41O.8, or 3O.3 below the average for the past twentytwo years ; the highest temperature during the year
w w 91O.7, on July 19th, aud the lowest, -26O.4, on Jannarj
29d. Indiana.-Vevay, Switzerland county : t h e maximum tern. peratwe for 1885 was 62O.0, and the minimum 7O.O; the ex. twines for December for a period of twenty-one years being
76O.0, in 1865, and -1lo, iu 1880. Iozoa..-Mouticello, Jones county : the maximum rempera-
ture that has occurred in December since 1854 wa.8 Gdo, iu 1877, and the minimum, 3 6 O , in 1872. Kunsas.-Independeuc, Montgomery county : the mean
tempemture for 1885, 63O.3, is 3O.2 below the average for thir-
teen Sears. Maine.-Gardiner, Kennebec county : the mean temperature
for the year 1885, 43°.78, is OO.09 below the mea.n for fortp- nine gears; the coldest day duriug tho gear was January 30th,
-16O.0, sud the warmest, July 9th and 2Sth, 83O.O; the
warmest December occurred in 1881, the mean being 31O.6, and the coldest in 1859, the meau being 13O.9 MurgZand.-Fallston, Harford county : the mean tempera-
ture for Deceiuber, 34O.79, is 1O.69 b l o w the average for fif-
teen years, the extremes duriug that period being 40O.26, in
December, 1877, and 26O.25, in December, 1880.
Cuniberlaud, Allegha.ny county : the mean temperature for Uecember, 1885, 3 5 O .0 , is 1O.4 above the avera,ge for the paNt fourteen years; the liigliest mean, 40O.0, occurred in 1877, and the lowest, 28O.0, iu 1872, the extremes during this period
being 66O.0, in 1873, and -2O.0, in 1879. Museachueeils.-Soinerset, Bristol county : the mean ternper-
ature for 1885, 49O.04, is OO.37 below the arerage for fifteen
years. Westborough, Worcester couuty : t h e mean temperature for
1885, 48O.0, is 0O.2 above the uormnl for five yea.r.rs.
Arew Hmbp8hh3. - Contoocook, Merrimac county: mean temperature for December, 1885, is 27O.4, or about 4O above
the normal. New York.-Pa.lermo, Oswego county : the mean temperature
for 1885 was POO.80, or 1O.50 below the normal for the past
thirty- t wo years. North Volney, Oswego county : the mean temperature for December, 37O.69, is 2O.01 above the average for the paHt eighteen years; the highest December mean being 33O.73, in
1881, and the lowest, 180.08, in 1876; the mean teinperatme for the year, 42O.62. is 2O.49 below the average for seventeen year@, the highest mean being 47O.74, in 1878, and the lowest,
41O.61, in 1875. Ohio.-Wmseou, Fulton county : the liigliest December meau for a period of fifteen years was 38O.8, in 1877, and tlie lowest, 17O.1, in 1872, the December extremes for the same period heing 70O.0, in 1875, and 39O.4, i n 1884; the mean
temperature for 1885, 44O.6, is 3 O .3 below the average for the past fifteen yeam, and, with the exception of 1875 (44O.2)! is the lowest anniia,l meltu during that period, t,he highest being
60O.3, in 1878. Twua.-New Ulm, Austin county : the highest mean tem- perature for December for a period of fourteen gems was 60O.89, in 1875, and the lowest, 46O.09, in 1876; tlie extremes during this period were, maximum, 8 6 O .0 , in 1876, and mini- mum, 9O.0, in 1880.
Virginia.-Variety Mills, Nelson county : the liighept De-
cember mean for a period of nine years was 43O.3, in 1879, and t-he loweat, 30O.6, in 1876.
West Vii:ginia.-Hel~etia., Ra.ndolph county : December was the firrJt month cluriiig 18Y5 in which the mean was above tha
average; the mean temperature for the year, 48O.0, is 2O.3 below the average for the past tell Sears. Mr. J. S. A. Farrow, of Parkersburg, Wood county, West
.
2
IOZ JUIYIO -11
93 Junezg -I
9 5 A u g .q g
Virginia, furnishes the following summary, covering a period of six years, with the accompaaging note:
1855 ..................................... I 53.01 . 95
-
July 21 -11 Feb. 21 ............ 106 J I .~
I
&&a =-M s s = --4
G., 7 i .2 67.1 70.7 6a.1 72 3 63.9 71.4
6.5.5 69.2 6 .9
67.5 66.6
65.7 63.5
66.4 f7.5
%:a 70.0
2
__
G.8 66.7 69.6
66.2
&.8
66.9
66.1 67.2
68.0
66.5
66.2 69.7 167.5
$3
45.0 37.2
40.6
39.5 36.3 44.7 35.9 41.5 32.6
4 3 g.0
53.4 %.a
47.8 53.4
40.0 :g.z 50.4 62.3
44.3 59.3 50.0 57.0
50.3 5s.s 46.4 57.8 47.3 56.4
56.9 62.9
67.9 61.7
61.8
63.3 59.9
54.7 *r.9 56.8
56.1 56.5 54.0 47.5
39.2 31.6
36.4 35.8 34.4
5..T 51.4 51.8
50.5
e.-
Dec. 30". ....... l q 4.05 Jau. I .............. 1
I;
I
3 7 .g Dee. 8 ........... 54.
Jan. 15. a. 2s.. 4O.C.l
~~ ~
1877 1876
-.-i ...... 39.7 i .9
1
9 .2 i .6
Is@ ...... 29.0135.8 1879 ...... 28.5 27
1681 ......, 28.5 31.2
IF82 ...... 35.0 40.6 1883 ..... .I 33.7 38.2
rC@ ...... 126.1 40.6
1885 .... ../ 30.7 125.7
.4verugel 32.6 i 34.9 139.1 I 48.2 [ 58.1
I&.. ... 43.1 3 5 3 34.4 I 24.6 I s0.s
i3.s 40.4 45.0 40.1
39.6
40.6 133.6 150.3
t year that hes ling 2 O .3 below
I -~
3 the cold1 occlirred in the past ten years, the mean temperature, 4B0.0,1
the normal.
From the above table it, will be :en that 1886 w
Mr. Howard Shiver, voluntary observer a t Wytheville, Wg the county, Virginia, furnishes a temperatiire record cov- oriug a period of tweutyone Sears, of which the following is a
summary : . __ .. .......
I Highmt und lowest obasrred in ZI years.
i
P I
-
0
73 74 70
0
35 37 43
0
-6
-8
--I
Junuary .................... February .................. Murch .......................
April ........................ Is56
May ......................... .) %: I 1 1880 June ........................ 68 I 73 I 1874
17 32
43 40
42
3: 2
-10
Jnly Aiiguat Seotenlber ................ ----~--
~
October ............ ........ 1 54 1 59 I 18p Novernher ................. 42 45 'SI,'&, 85 December ................. 35 42 1879
1873
I%3 1868,1880
The'meaii temperature for 1885 was 62O.7, which is about the average for the past tweuty-one years, the normal as shown by the record being 6 3 O ; the highest yearly mean was 55O, in. 186'2, and the lowest, 52O, in 1875 and 1876 ; the coldest month is December, averaging 36O, and the warmest month is July, weragin 7 8 O ; the coldest days for the entire eriod occurred in Decembet,
1868 andgl880, when the thermometer recordei-1O0 - the warrneRt days dur- ing the same period occurred in July, 1866 and 1881, the thermometer in each case recording 96'.
FROSTS.
Fmts occurred in the various districts on the following
Xezo England.-1st to 31st. Middle Atlantic etales.-lst to 31st. Soorth Atlantic 8lates.-lst to 30th.
dates :
303 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW . DECEMBER. 1886 .
State or Terrltory .
.............................
Table qf comparative maximum and minimum temperatures for December .
I For 1885 .
Max . ! Min
Station .
I I .
Alabama ................. Do .................... Arisona ................... Do .................... Arkansas ................ Do ............. I. ... (kllfornla _ .............. Do .................... Colorado _ ......... .... Do .................... Connecticut .., ........ Do .................... Dakota .................... Do .................... Delaware ................ . Do .................... District of Columbia Florida .................. Do .................... Qeorgia ..................... Do .................... Idaho ...................... Do ................... Illinois .................... Do .................... Indiana ................... Do .................... Indian Territory ...... Iowa ....................... Do .................... Kaaaas .................... Do ................ .... Kentucky .......... ; ..... Loulalann ................
Mobile ................. 69.4 26.0 Montgomery ......... 70.0 25.0 Prescott ............... I 65.5 10.0
Yumn .................. .! 78.1 39.6 Fort Smith ............ : 75.2 9.8 LittleRock , ......... j 71.2 19.3 8sn Franolmco ........ I 4.0 I 44.0 Ban Diego .............. I .................... Denver .................. 74 .I i- 5.6 Pike's Pnak ........... 1 26.4 '-19.6 New Haven ........... i 9 .4 1 1o.j New London .........I........... .......... FortBuford ........... 59.3 -10.2
Yankton ............... 9 .8 1-10.1
Del . Breakwater Cape Henlopen ...... 62.1 1 17.0 Washington City ... 63.9 : 13.9 Jacksonville ......... 6 o 32.2 Key West .............. k o 50.2
Augusta ................ 71.9 23.0
Savannah .............. 71.8 Bola6 City .............. 60.5 Lewlston .............. 59.0
Cairo .................... 61.7 Chlcago ................. 50.3 Indlanapolis ......... 56.3 Greencaatle ............ 54.8
Des Moines ............ 55.9 Keokuk ................. 55.4 Dodge City ........... 70.0 Leavenworth ........
New Orleans ......... 73.5
Fort Sill ................ I 70.5
Louleville ............ 8:;
Do I
.................. Maine ... ................... Do .................... Maryland ...... .......... MusachUEetts .......... Mlchlgnn ................ Do .................... Ylnneaota ............... Do .................... Hlwlsalppi .............. YIialourI .................. Montana ................. Do .................... Nebmska ................. Do ................... Nevada ................... New Hampshire ...... New Jersey , ............ Do .................. New Mexico ............ New York, .............. Do ................-.. North Carolina _ ...... Do ......... .. ......... Ohio ....................
I
.. Do ....................
Shreveport ............ Eastport ............... Portland .............. Baltimore ............ Boston ................. Alpenu .................. Detroit .................. Saint Paul ............ Saint Vincent ....... Vlcksburg ............ Saint Louiu ............ Fort Benton ......... Helena .................. Omaha ................. North Platte ......... Winuemucca ......... Mount Washington Atlautlc City ......... Sandy Hook ........... Snnta F1 ............... Buffalo ......... .....,.. New York City ...... Charlotte ............. Wilmington ............. Cleveland .............. Cincinnati ............
Do , .................. mode IsIand ........... Do ......... .......... South Carolina ........ Tenneanea ..,............ Do ......_............ TOXM ...................... Do .................... Utah ....................... Vermont ................. Vlrglnla .................. Do ....................
Wuhington Ter ....... Do _ .................. . Wmt Virglnla ......... Wlloonsln ............... Do .................... Wjomlng ...............
73.2 52.9 55.3
46.2
54.8 51.6
39.4 73.0 64.9 73.3 56.8 60.0
W.0 54.2 41.8
53.3 60 .I
57.0 61.5 60.1 66.2
61.4 60.0
2::
........
Plttsburg .............. 72.8
Block Island ......... 57.4 Newport ......................... Charleston ............ 70.0 Knoxville ............ 68.2 Nasbvllle ......................... Galveatou .............. 72.5
El Peso ................. 72.4 Salt Lake City ....... 57.2 Burlington ....................... Lynchburg ........... .Norfolk ................. 218
Dayton .......................... Olympia ............... 64.2 Morgantown ................... La Crosse .............. 53.0
Milwaukee ............ 47.1 Cheyenne ..............I 64.2
Oregon .................... Portland .............. Do .................... 1 Roseburg .............. / %: Pennsylvanie .......... Philadelphia ......... 60.1
Neu . Englnnd .............................................................. Middle Atluntlc Strtec Sonth Atlnntic State6 ................................................ lrluridu Peninsuln Basferu Gnlf Stntes ..................................................... Western Gnlf Mates _ .................................................. Rin Grunde Vallry ......................................................
...............................................
......................................................
Inchra . 1 3.67 3.59
2.34 5.49
kf 1
4.26
1
30.0
Ib.0
14.4
- 2.9
2.1
. 2.1
15.3 . 3.0
. 5.2
1.5
2.0
9.4 30.4
25.4 7.4 6.6
14.7 11.8
. 4.7 0.7 -17.9 -0.7 22.5 6.0
0.9 3.2
. 4.4 . 6.0 16.0 -16.1 12.5 16.1
. 1.0
5.3 14.1
20 .I
2.7 3.3 27.0
32.5 14.8
6.2
17.4
28.0
19.3
34.3
6.4
........
.......,
........ ,
I2
4 2
~~
......................................................... Hisaoiirl Vulley
Northerusluine ............................................................ Middle slope ............................................................. Sonthern slope ............................................................ Southeru ylutenn ...................................................... Middlepluteuu ........................................................... Northern plateau ........................................................ North Paciflc coast region ........................................... Middle Pacific coast region .......................................... Bonth Pacitlc coast region ............................................
15.7 22.3
22.7 ........
0.87 !
1.38 ! 0.96
0.94 1.03 ! 1.48
1.30 1 0.91
1.56 1 0.90
2.64 1.64
8.05 6.47
4.78 1 4.87
1.10 . 0.83
. 9.5
-11.8
-11.0
Since establislimsnt of atntiun .
I .
!
r u x .
~
Year . i l i n . - .........
0 I o
78.8
b8.2 I 1882 ,718.c
77.1 . ;2 j I:::
80.0 IBjlS! q .c 78.1 1883 i 9.5
74.4 a.0 ;g i 3::;
82.0 ' 1874 p.a 71.0 1874 -25.a 30.0 1871 1-37.a
b1.0 1875 i- 9.5 60.5 I 1879 - 7.5
56-81 1 W j +6 a 62.0 1875 1-34.a
9.0 1881 I 1.0
73.0 72.0
74.0 78.0
79.0
54.0
56.0 71.0
€6.0
51.0 65.0
56.0 44.8 79.0 74.0 71.6
9 -0
66.0
$3.0 1873 1-13.0
1.0 I 1875 I 1g.a
88.0 1876 44.0
gii~ 11874, 1875 1875 I 4:;
IW9 I- 7.3 54.0 1880. 1883 ,-IO.O
67.0 1877 I-15.a
68.0 1 18;5 i-1g.a
2;: 1 1875 !- 7.0
................................
1875 ,-15.0 1875 !-14.a
1871 . rtqj., 20.0
1877 -20.0 1875 -17.0 I881 - 3.0 I881 -12.0
I883 -15.0 1876 I -24.0
1875 I- 7.0
187g;S~l IO.0
m3. In54 -40.0
1875 -17.0
1878 -20.0
1878 -20.0
IS84 -47.0 I875 1- 7.0 ..... 1884 1- 5.0 65.0 1878 1-13.0 60.0 1873 I- 9.0 66.2 I 1891 1- 6.0 ... .... - ..
I 5 1- 0.0
g::: i1875. 1%
65.0 i ?E p.0 I 1813 - 5.0
69.0 1'73. '7 Llo- 9.0 60.0 I 1384 - 1.0
12.11 I !!!? z ? .
.
60.0 1881 - 3.0 76.0 I 1881
I
13.0
mwiaa PeninrPula.-3d, 4th. 6th. 7th. 15th to 18th~ 20th. 37ttIi
Bth. 29th .
19th. elat. 26th to 29th .
'Ecxst . Grclfstatt%.-~d, 3d. 5th to 8th. 10th. 11th. 13th. 14th ta
We& Gulf 8tates.-lst, 3d. 3d. 5th to 21st. 24th tb 31st . Bio Qrande Valley.--34th1 15th . Tennessee.--;ld, 4th. 6th. 10th. 11th. 12th. 14th to 17th. 19th
Ohio Val1y.-lfit to YSd. 34th to 28th. 30th. 3 1 ~t . Lower lake region.-1st to 30th . Upper lake region.-lst to 31st . Extreme northwt.-lst to 3186 .
to 23d. 26th to 28th. 31st .
. ......................... .......... .
Upper MiSSiSSiPpi V&?leg(.-lSt to 318t . Missouri Vallsy.-lst to 3lst . Northem elope.-lst to 31st . Middle elope.-1st to 31st . Southern slope.-lst, 2d1 5th, 6th, 7th, 9th, l.Oth, 12th to lSth,
Smthern pleleat~.-lst to l'ith, SOth, 215t, 23d, 2Pth, 25th,
Middle plateau.-lst to 6th, 8th to 315t . Northern plateau.-2d to 15th, 19th, 20th, 215t, 87th, 28th,
North Pm'flc coast region.3d to 8th, 10th to 14th, 18th, 19th,
Middle Pacific coast region.-'ith, 8th, 9th, l l t h , 12th, 13th,
8ouU Pam@ coast regios.-4thl 6th, 8th to l l t h , 13th to l?th,
Ice fimuecl in the southeru parts of the coantry, as follows :
Alnbaina.--Gtreansborough, lst, l l t h , 14th, 37th, 28th . Arkaiurm.-Little Rock, 7th, l l t h , 15th ; Lead Hill,'6th, ?th,
9th, 10th to 19th, 26th, 26th, 27th . Arizona.-Yuma, IOth, 14th, 15th . Fhrida.-Archer, 6th, 7th, liith, 16th, 27th, 28th, 29th; Sanford, iith, 15th, 38th; Peusacola, l l t h , 27bh; Limona, 6th, 28th ; Manatee, 7th, 28th . Georgia . -Athens, 5th, 6th . loth, lath, 15th, 16th, 17th, 20th, 86t.h, 87th : Atlauta, 6th; Savannah, 6th, 16th . Loui8iann.-Poiut Pleasant, 5th, 6th, loth, l l t h , 14th, Xth, 16t11, 28th ; New Orlean8, 15th, 16th ; Shreveport, loth, l l t h , L4th, 15th . North, Carolbaa.-Rdeigh, 6th ; Smithville, 6th, 1.6th: 26th, 37th . Tei~#et~e~e.-Knorvil le , 4th . Te3ae.-Palestine, 6th ; Iudia.nola, 14th . Vir~i~~ia.-Lyiichburg, 7t h ; Chiuco teague, 6t h .
30tb, 31st .
37tl1, 39th, 30th, 31st .
39th, 31st .
30th, 33d, 20th to 31st .
lSth, 19th, 20th, 27th to 31st .
BStb, Y9th,30th . ICE .
PRECIPITATION . [Eqrcased in inches and hundredth.]
The distributiou of rainfall over the United State8 and Can- ada for December, 1885, as determined from reports from mom than . seven hundred stations, is exhibited on chart iii . In the following table are shown, for the several geographi- cal districts, the normal December precipitation for a series of year.9; the averwge for December, 1886, and the excess or de- ficiency RK compared with the normal :
Average precipitation for December . ....... - ..................... ..
1)iatrictn .
Average for Decem . ber. Signal-8ervlce observationa .
1
1 For nev- .I era1 yearn For 1885 .
.. ....... .
Inches.
3.22 3.18 5.01
3.79 3.73
::E Trnnessee ................................................................... OhioVnlley ............................................................... Lorrr lake reEion ...................................................... .. Upper lake region ........................................................ 2.42 . 2.51 Exrreine nurtliweet 0.93 1 0.47 .................................................. Uyprr Minaiarlpyi Vrlley ........................................... 2.16 2.13
Compriaon of Deo., 1885 with tbeaver!
w for several years .
.
-0.43
E$
-1.70
-1.60
-1.18
-1.4
-0.25
-0.46 -0.03 -0.38
-0 .3 4
-1.t0
+0.09
4 .4 5
z:g -0.42
-1.00
-1.9
4-0.09 -1.31
I
. In nortli&stern New England. along the immediate cowt of
the Atlantic from New Jersey SOUthWiWd. over a narrow area