Cardiovascular

Ahmad, M., M. Ahmad, R. Hasan, and A. Qureshi (2005). The effects of isoniazid (INH) on the hematocrit of the lizard, Uromastix hardwickii. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 18(1): 52-54. ISSN: 1011-601X.
Abstract: In recent years isoniazid has been used as an antituberculous chemophylactic agent. Severe adverse reactions have been reported following its extensive treatment. In addition to hepatic and neurologic disturbances, hematologic alterations have also been reported. Present study was conducted to determine the effect of 0.06 mg isoniazid on the lacertilian packed cell volume. It was 14.0 per cent on day 5, 18.0 and 19.8 per cent on day 10 and day 15 respectively, whereas, it was 24.0, 24.2 and 24.6 per cent in controls on day 5, 10 and day 15 respectively.
Descriptors: lizard, antitubercular agents adverse effects, erythrocytes drug effects, iguanas blood, isoniazid adverse effects, administration, oral, erythrocytes cytology, hematocrit.

Ahmad, M., R. Hasan, M. Ahmad, A. Qureshi, Z. Ahmed, and S. Mansoor (2005). The effects of mefenamic acid on the blood haemoglobin of the lizard, Uromastix hardwickii. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 18(4): 41-45. ISSN: 1011-601X.
Abstract: This study deals with the effect of 7.1 mg/day, 10.5 mg/day and 14 mg/day doses of mefenamic acid administered for 12 days to three groups of Uromastix hardwickii respectively. Individual blood samples were obtained from the anterior abdominal vein and hemoglobin content was determined. The hemoglobin in test was 5.1 g/100 ml compared to 8.0 g/100 ml of controls in experiment I and its amount remained almost similar in the case of experiment II, whereas, 4.5 g/100 ml was observed of test compared to 8.0 g/100 ml of their counterparts.
Descriptors: lizard, anti inflammatory agents, non steroidal pharmacology, hemoglobins metabolism, lizards blood, mefenamic acid pharmacology, indicators, reagents, methemoglobin analogs, derivatives, methemoglobin chemistry, reference standards.

Alberio, S.O., J.A. Diniz, E.O. Silva, W. de Souza, and R.A. DaMatta (2005). Cytochemical and functional characterization of blood and inflammatory cells from the lizard Ameiva ameiva. Tissue and Cell 37(3): 193-202. ISSN: 0040-8166.
NAL Call Number: QH573.T5
Abstract: The fine structure and differential cell count of blood and coelomic exudate leukocytes were studied with the aim to identify granulocytes from Ameiva ameiva, a lizard distributed in the tropical regions of the Americas. Blood leukocytes were separated with a Percoll cushion and coelomic exudate cells were obtained 24 h after intracoelomic thioglycollate injection. In the blood, erythrocytes, monocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells and four types of granulocytes were identified based on their morphology and cytochemistry. Types I and III granulocytes had round intracytoplasmic granules with the same basic morphology; however, type III granulocyte had a bilobued nucleus and higher amounts of heterochromatin suggesting an advance stage of maturation. Type II granulocytes had fusiformic granules and more mitochondria. Type IV granulocytes were classified as the basophil mammalian counterpart based on their morphology and relative number. Macrophages and granulocytes type III were found in the normal coelomic cavity. However, after the thioglycollate injection the number of type III granulocyte increased. Granulocytes found in the coelomic cavity were related to type III blood granulocyte based on the morphology and cytochemical localization of alkaline phosphatase and basic proteins in their intracytoplasmic granules. Differential blood leukocyte counts showed a predominance of type III granulocyte followed by lymphocyte, type I granulocyte, type II granulocyte, monocyte and type IV granulocyte. Taken together, these results indicate that types I and III granulocytes correspond to the mammalian neutrophils/heterophils and type II to the eosinophil granulocytes.
Descriptors: lizard blood, blood platelets ultrastructure, erythrocytes ultrastructure, granulocytes ultrastructure, lizard anatomy, histology, lymphocytes ultrastructure, electron microscopy, transmission, monocytes ultrastructure.

Andersen, J.B., M.S. Hedrick, and T. Wang (2003). Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia and anaemia in the toad bufo marinus. Journal of Experimental Biology 206(5): 857-865. ISSN: 0022-0949.
Online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00184
NAL Call Number: 442.8 B77
Descriptors: amphibians, toad, anemia, hypoxia, cardiovascular, ventilatory responses, arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure.

Arikan, H., M.K. Atatur, and M. Tosunoglu (2003). A study on the blood cells of the Caucasus Frog, Pelodytes caucasicus. Zoology in the Middle East 30: 43-47. ISSN: 0939-7140.
Descriptors: amphibian, Pelodytes caucasicus, size, blood cells, study, characterization, Caucasus frog.
Language of Text: English; German.

Basaglia, F. (2004). Comparative study of electrophoretic and isoelectrophoretic characteristics of osteichthyan and amphibian hemoglobin. Italian Journal of Zoology 71(4): 287-295. ISSN: 1125-0003.
NAL Call Number: QL1.B55
Descriptors: amphibians, osteichthyes, hemoglobin, electrophoretic and isoelectrophoretic characteristics, comparative study.

Broughton, B.R.S. and J.A. Donald (2003). Nitric oxide regulation of blood vessels in amphibians, reptiles and birds. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular and Integrative Physiology 134A(Suppl. 1): S47. ISSN: 1095-6433.
Descriptors: amphibians, reptiles, birds, nitric oxide, regulation, blood vessels, cardiovascular system, transport, circulation, meeting.
Notes: Meeting Information: Sixth International Congress of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry, Mt Buller, Australia; February 02-07, 2003.

Cerra, M.C., D. Amelio, P. Tavolaro, A. Palma, V. Marciano, and F. Farina (2003). Pericardium of the frog, Rana esculenta, is morphologically designed as a lymphatic space. Journal of Morphology 257(1): 72-77. ISSN: 0362-2525.
NAL Call Number: 444.8 J826
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, pericardium, lymphatic space, morphologically, pericardial fluid, cardiac function, control.

Coolidge, E.H., M.J. MacAulay, and D.P. Toews (2006). Synchrony in the amphibian lymphatic system: evidence for bilateral posterior lymph heart synchrony and cardiac-lymphatic synchrony in Rana catesbeiana and Bufo marinus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84(3): 374-382. ISSN: 0008-4301.
NAL Call Number: 470 C16D
Descriptors: amphibian, Rana catesbeiana, Bufo marinus, lymphaticsystem, cardiac lymphatic synchrony, heart function.
Language of Text: English; French.

Coskun, B., U. Comelekoglu, A. Polat, and F.F. Kaymaz (2004). Evaluation of the toxic effects of cypermethrin inhalation on the frog heart. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 57(2): 220-225. ISSN: 0147-6513.
NAL Call Number: QH545.A1E29
Descriptors: frog heart, toxic effects, cypermethrin inhalation, evaluation.

Cox, C.M., S.L. D'agostino, M.K. Miller, R.L. Heimark, and P.A. Krieg (2006). Apelin, the ligand for the endothelial g-protein-coupled receptor, apj, is a potent angiogenic factor required for normal vascular development of the frog embryo. Developmental Biology 296(1): 177-189. ISSN: 0012-1606.
Descriptors: amphibians, Xenopus, frog embryo, vascular development, apelin, peptide growth factor, angiogenic factor.

Donald, J.A. and S. Trajanovska (2006). A perspective on the role of natriuretic peptides in amphibian osmoregulation. General and Comparative Endocrinology 147(1): 47-53. ISSN: 0016-6480.
NAL Call Number: 444.8 G28
Abstract: The natriuretic peptide (NP) system is a complex family of peptides and receptors that is primarily linked to the maintenance of osmotic and cardiovascular homeostasis. In amphibians, the potential role(s) of NPs is complicated by the range of osmoregulatory strategies found in amphibians, and the different tissues that participate in osmoregulation. Atrial NP, brain NP, and C-type NP have been isolated or cloned from a number of species, which has enabled physiological studies to be performed with homologous peptides. In addition, three types of NP receptors have been cloned and partially characterised. Natriuretic peptides are always potent vasodilators in amphibian blood vessels, and ANP has been shown to increase the permeability of the microcirculation. In the perfused kidney, ANP causes vasodilation, diuresis and natriuresis that are caused by an increased GFR rather than effects in the renal tubules. These data are supported by the presence of ANP receptors only on the glomeruli and renal blood vessels. In the bladder and skin, the function of NPs is enigmatic because physiological analysis of the effects of ANP on bladder and skin function has yielded conflicting data with no clear role for NPs being revealed. Overall, NPs often have no direct effect, but in some studies they have been shown to inhibit the function of AVT. In addition, there is evidence that ANP can inhibit salt retention in amphibians since it can inhibit the ability of adrenocorticotrophic hormone or angiotensin II to stimulate corticosteroid secretion. It is proposed that an important role for cardiac NPs could be in the control of hypervolaemia during periods of rapid rehydration, which occurs in terrestrial amphibians.
Descriptors: Bufo marinus, amphibian physiology, natriuretic peptides physiology, water electrolyte balance, amino acid sequence, amphibia blood, base sequence, brain metabolism, Bufo marinus genetics, models, biological, molecular sequence data, natriuretic peptides blood, natriuretic peptides chemistry, plasma volume, protein structure, secondary, sequence homology, amino acid.

El Sayed, M.F. (2002). The effect of interaction between adrenaline and caffeine on the cardiac contractions developed after 5 minutes of rest in catfish and frog. Journal of the Egyptian German Society of Zoology 37(A): 319-339. ISSN: 1110-5356.
NAL Call Number: QL1.E49
Descriptors: frog, catfish, neurotransmitters, heart beat, adrenaline and caffeine, interactive effects, cardiac contractions.
Language of Text: Arabic; English.

Ezhili, N., A.A. Sivakumar, and M. Aruchami (2003). Effect of acid pollution on the haemoglobin and haemotological picture in the frog, Rana hexadactyla (Lesson). Journal of Eco Physiology 6(1/2): 25-32. ISSN: 0972-0413.
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, Rana hexadactyla, acid pollution, effect, hemoglobin, hemotological picture.

Gaitanaki, C., M. Papatriantafyllou, K. Stathopoulou, and I. Beis (2006). Effects of various oxidants and antioxidants on the p38-MAPK signalling pathway in the perfused amphibian heart. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 291(1): 107-117. ISSN: 0300-8177.
Abstract: We investigated the effects of different antioxidants such as L-ascorbic acid, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), on the p38-MAPK activation induced by oxidative stress in the isolated perfused amphibian heart. Oxidative stress was exemplified by perfusing hearts with 30 (So(BM H subscript 2(BO subscript 2(B for 5 min or with the enzymatic system of xanthine/xanthine oxidase (200 (So(BM/10 mU/ml, respectively) for 10 min. H subscript 2(BO subscript 2(B-induced activation of p38-MAPK (7.04 +/- 0.20-fold relative to control values) was totally attenuated by L-ascorbic acid (100 (So(BM) or catalase (150 U/ml). These results were confirmed by immunohistochemical studies in which the phosphorylated form of p38-MAPK was localised in the perinuclear region and dispersedly in the cytoplasm of the ventricular cells during H subscript 2(BO subscript 2(B treatment, a pattern that was abolished by catalase or L-ascorbic acid. p38-MAPK was also activated (2.34+/- 0.17-fold) by perfusing amphibian hearts with the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating system of xanthine/xanthine oxidase and this activation sustained in the presence of 150 U/ml catalase (2.16 +/- 0.26-fold), 50 U/ml SOD (2.02 +/-0.07) or 100 (So(BM L-ascorbic acid (2.18 +/- 0.10), but was suppressed by the combination of 150 U/ml catalase and 50 U/ml SOD. Finally, our studies showed that xanthine/xanthine oxidase induced the phosphorylation of the potent p38-MAPK substrates MAPKAPK2 (3.14 +/- 0.27-fold) and HSP27 (5.32 +/- 0.83-fold), which are implicated in cell protection, and this activation was reduced by the simultaneous use of catalase and SOD.
Descriptors: amphibians, antioxidants, oxidative stress, signal transduction, xanthine oxidase, amphibian heart, HSP27, p38 MAPK, Rana ridibunda.

Gautam, C.S., P.K. Sharma, and N.K. Goel (2002). Depressant effect of tramadol on frog heart. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 34(3): 202-203. ISSN: 0253-7613.
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, tremadol, heart, depressant effect, cardiovascular.

Hillman, S.S., N. Brill, and P. Withers (2002). Amphibians as models for a leaky circulatory system. FASEB Journal 16(5): A884-A885. ISSN: 0892-6638.
NAL Call Number: QH301.F3
Descriptors: amphibians, toad, bullfrog, animal models, circulatory system, leaky, blood volume, plasma volume, turnover.
Notes: Meeting Information: Annual Meeting of Professional Research Scientists on Experimental Biology, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; April 20-24, 2002.

Lisboa, M.C., A.P.F. Melo, R.H.S. Ferraz, and R.F. Rodrigues (2003). Topografia e irrigacao do oviduto de ra (Rana catesbeiana, shaw, 1802). [Oviduct topography and arterial vascularization of frog (Rana catesbeiana, shaw, 1802).]. Revista Brasileira De Reproducao Animal 27(2): 292-294. ISSN: 0102-0803.
NAL Call Number: QP251.R48
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, cardiovascular, arterial vascularization, oviduct topography, anatomy.
Language of Text: Portuguese.

Marszalek Mikulcik, P. and L.A. Maginniss (2006). Effects of exhaustive exercise on blood-o-2 transport in northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens). FASEB Journal 20(5, Part 2): A822. ISSN: 0892-6638.
NAL Call Number: QH301.F3
Descriptors: amphibians, leopard frogs, Rana pipiens, exhaustive exercise, effects, blood Q2 transport, aerobic metabolism, meeting.
Notes: Meeting Information: Experimental Biology 2006 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA; April 01 -05, 2006.

Mazza, R., S. Imbrogno, T. Angelone, A. Corti, K.B. Helle, and B. Tota (2003). Cardiosuppressor activity of vasostatins in eel and frog. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular and Integrative Physiology 134A(Suppl. 1): S48. ISSN: 1095-6433.
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, eel, vasostatins, cardiosuppressor activity.
Notes: Meeting Information: Sixth International Congress of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry, Mt. Buller, Australia; February 02-07, 2003.

McKean, T., G. Li, and K. Wei (2002). Cardiac effects of hypoxia in the neotenous tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum. Journal of Experimental Biology 205(12): 1725-1734. ISSN: 0022-0949.
NAL Call Number: 442.8 B77
Descriptors: amphibians, tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, hypoxia, cardiac effects, cardiac output, cardiac mass, oxygen consumption.

Palenske, N.M. and D.K. Saunders (2002). Comparisons of blood viscosity between amphibians and mammals at 3[degree]C and 38[degree]C. Journal of Thermal Biology 27(6): 479-484. ISSN: 0306-4565.
NAL Call Number: QP82.2.T4J6
Descriptors: amphibians, mammals, blood viscosity, comparison, endotherms, ectotherms, temperature.

Plane, S.J. and S.J. Warburton (2002). High catecholamine environment: developmental cardiac effects in the amphibian, Xenopus laevis. FASEB Journal 16(5): A886. ISSN: print: 0892-6638; online: 1530-6860.
NAL Call Number: QH301.F3
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, Xenopus laevis, developmental cardiac effects, high catecholamine environment, chronic epinephrine esposure, meeting.
Notes: Meeting Information: Annual Meeting of Professional Research Scientists on Experimental Biology, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; April 20-24, 2002.

Romanova, E.B. and M.N. Egorikhina (2006). Changes in hematological parameters of Rana frogs in a transformed urban environment. Russian Journal of Ecology 37(3): 188-192. ISSN: 1067-4136.
Descriptors: Rana, blood, hematological parameter change, transformed urban environment, immune response, Russia.

Singh, S.S. and M. Singh (2002). Detection of pulsatile blood flow cycle in frog microvessels by image velocimetry. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 40(3): 269-272. ISSN: print: 0140-0118; online: 1741-0444.
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, pulsatile blood flow cycle, detection, microvessels, image velocimetry, mesenteric microvessel.

Subramani, S., E. Tharion, and C. Vijayanand (2002). Novel action of some organic calcium channel blockers on frog myocardium. Journal of Physiology 543P: 8P-9P. ISSN: 0022-3751.
NAL Call Number: 447.8 J82
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, myocardium, organic calcium channel blockers, novel action, meeting.
Notes: Meeting Information: Scientific Meeting of the Physiological Society, Lancashire, England, UK; May 9-10, 2002.

Tota, B. (2003). Modulation of cardiac performance in teleosts and amphibians: nitric oxide-cgmp mechanisms. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular and Integrative Physiology 134A(Suppl. 1): S46-S47. ISSN: 1095-6433.
Descriptors: amphibians, cardiac performance, modulation, teleosts, nitric oxide-cgmp mechanisms, meeting.
Notes: Meeting Information: Sixth International Congress of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry, Mt Buller, Australia; February 02-07, 2003.

Wojtaszek, J. and A. Adamowicz (2003). Haematology of the fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina L. Comparative Clinical Pathology 12(3): 129-134. ISSN: 1618-5641.
Descriptors: fire bellied toad, Bombina bombina, hematology.

Yadav, R.K. and N.S. Verma (2004). Effects of garlic (allium sativum) extract on the heart rate, rhythm and force of contraction in frog: a dose-dependent study. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 42(6): 628-631. ISSN: 0019-5189.
NAL Call Number: 442.8 IN2
Descriptors: amphibians, frog, cardiovascular system, garlic effects, bradycardia, force of contraction, heart rate, ventricular rhythm.

Yu, S.y., K.y. Si, Z.h. Liu, Z.r. Wang, and J.l. Wang (2004). Compare observation on the microvascular casts of the lungs of lizard and toad. Journal of the Northwest Normal University Natural Sciences 40(2): 55-58. ISSN: 1001-988X.
Descriptors: lizard, toad, amphibians, Bufo raddei, blood vessels, lungs, microvascular casts.
Language of Text: Chinese; Summary in Chinese and English.