Neves, R. J., J. R. Weaver and A. V. Zale (1985).  An evaluation of host fish 
suitability for glochidia of Villosa vanuxemi and V. nebulosa (Pelecypoda: 
Unionidae). American Midland Naturalist.  113:13-19.
	
Fish species congeneric with previously identified hosts, as well as exotic 
fishes (Xiphophorus variatus and Tilapia aurea) and the mosquitofish Gambusia 
affinis, were exposed to glochidia of Villosa vanuxemi or V. nebulosa to 
determine whether phytogenetically similar fishes can serve as hosts. Glochidia 
of V. vanuxemi metamorphosed on black Cottus baileyi, mottled C. bairdi and 
slimy C. cognatus sculpins, and glochidia of V. nebulosa metamosphosed on 
spotted Micropterus punctulatus, largemouth M. samoides and Suwannee M. notius 
basses and the mosquitofish. Exotic fishes were unsuitable hosts. A review of 
previous in vivo and in vitro studies suggests that chemical components of the 
blood serum in fishes, as yet unidentified, dictate host suitability to specific 
glochidia.