Catalogue Query Results

Aulacaspis crawii (Cockerell)

NOMENCLATURE:

Diaspis crawii Cockerell, 1898b: 190-191. Type data: CHINA: at quarantine in San Francisco, California, on unidentified host, by A. Craw. Syntypes, female (examined). Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA.

Diaspis crawii fulleri Cockerell, 1901l: 225. Type data: SOUTH AFRICA: Maritzburg, on Melia azedarach, by C. Fuller. Lectotype female, by subsequent designation Munting, 1970a: 38. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; type no. 3873/1. Synonymy by Munting, 1977: 2.

Aulacaspis crawii; Cockerell, 1902d: 59. Change of combination.

Aulacaspis crawii fulleri; Cockerell, 1902d: 59. Change of combination.

Aulacaspis crawi; Lindinger, 1907a: 19. Misspelling of species name.

Diaspis (Aulacaspis) fulleri; Brain, 1919: 225-226. Change of combination and rank.

Pseudaulacaspis crawii; MacGillivray, 1921: 314. Change of combination.

Pseudaulacaspis fulleri; MacGillivray, 1921: 315. Change of combination.

Aulacaspis fulleri; Fullaway, 1932: 95. Change of combination.

Hosts: Elaeagnaceae: Elaeagnus umbellata [Fernal1903b]. Euphorbiaceae: Ricinus sp. [Brain1919]. Malvaceae: Hibiscus tiliaceus [Takagi1970]. Meliaceae: Aglaia odorata [Zimmer1948], Melia azedarach [Cocker1901l]. Oleaceae: Ligustrum sp. [Hua2000]. Orchidaceae: Cymbidium sp. [Hua2000]. Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus pinnachristi [Hua2000]. Rosaceae: Rubus pinnatus [Matile1976]. Rubiaceae: Damnacanthus sp. [Hua2000]. Rutaceae: Citrus sp. [Scott1952], Murraya paniculata [Nakaha1981a], Poncirus trifoliata [Hua2000]. Smilacaceae: Smilax sp. [Borchs1966]. Theaceae: Camellia japonica [Chen1983], Camellia sinensis [Tao1999].

DISTRIBUTION: Afrotropical: Saint Helena [Matile1976]; South Africa [Cocker1901l]; Tanzania [Giliom1966]. Australasian: Hawaiian Islands [Takagi1970] (Oahu [Zimmer1948]); New Zealand [Giliom1966]. Oriental: China (Fujian (=Fukien) [Tao1999], Guangdong (=Kwangtung) [Wu1935], Guangxi (=Kwangsi) [Hua2000], Guizhou (=Kweichow) [Hua2000], Hainan [Tao1999], Hunan [Hua2000], Jiangsu (=Kiangsu) [Hua2000], Sichuan (=Szechwan) [Tao1999], Yunnan [Ali1969], Zhejiang (=Chekiang) [Hua2000]); Hong Kong [Tao1999]; India [Giliom1966]; Malaysia (Malaya [Giliom1966]); Taiwan [Takaha1930]. Palaearctic: China [Cocker1898b] (Nei Monggol (=Inner Mongolia) [Tao1999], Shanxi (=Shansi) [Hua2000], Tianjin (=Tientsin) [Tang1986], Xizang (=Tibet) [Tao1999]); Cyprus [Giliom1966]; Czech Republic [Giliom1966]; Egypt [Giliom1966]; Italy [Giliom1966]; Japan [Fernal1903b] (Kyushu [Kuwana1902]); Madeira Islands [Giliom1966]; United Kingdom (England [Giliom1966]).

GENERAL REMARKS: Detailed description and illustration by Munting (1977).

STRUCTURE: Female scale about 3mm in diameter, circular, slightly convex, white. Exuviae subcentral to sublateral, rather large, but inconspicuous, being of a very pale ochreous color (Cockerell, 1898b).

SYSTEMATICS: Aulacaspis crawii is close to A. spinosa and A. neospinosa. It differs from them by the 2nd stage female with only 4 marginal macroducts on each side of the pygidium and by the presence of double rows of submedial macroducts on the 1st abdominal segment of the adult female (Tang, 1986). Munting (1977) stated "no constant differences could be found between the material of fulleri and that of crawii and although the median lobes are more rounded in the specimens of crawii this variation does occur in the material of fulleri collected by the writer. The difference in the gland spines mentioned by Cockerell could not be verified and fulleri is therefore considered a synonym of crawii.

KEYS: Chen 1983: 35 (female) [Key to species of Aulacaspis]; Chou 1982: 127 (female) [Key to Chinese species of Aulacaspis]; Wang 1982c: 93 (female) [Key to species of Aulacaspis]; Munting 1977: 2 (female) [Key to the species of Aulacaspis from southern Africa]; Scott 1952: 36 (female) [Key to species of Aulacaspis]; Chou 1949: 14 (female) [Key to the genera of Aulacaspis in China]; Zimmerman 1948: 377 (female) [as Aulacaspis fulleri; Key to the species of Aulacaspis recorded from Hawaii]; Hall 1946a: 505 (female) [as Aulacaspis fulleri; Key to species of Ethiopian Aulacaspis]; Fullaway 1932: 95 (female) [as Aulacaspis fulleri; Key to species of Hawaiian Diaspinae]; Kuwana 1926: 22 (female) [Key to species of Aulacaspis]; MacGillivray 1921: 314, 315 (female) [as Pseudaulacaspis crawii and Pseudaulacaspis fulleri; Key to species of Pseudaulacaspis].

CITATIONS: Ali1969 [catalogue, distribution, host, taxonomy: 71]; Borchs1958 [taxonomy: 166]; Borchs1966 [catalogue, distribution, host, taxonomy: 136, 137]; Brain1919 [description, distribution, host, taxonomy: 225-226]; Brimbl1959b [taxonomy: 396]; Chen1983 [description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy: 34-40, 41, 126]; ChenWuSu1980 [taxonomy: 291, 293, 295, 296]; Cheo1935 [distribution, host: 95]; Chou1949 [distribution, description, host, illustration, taxonomy: 1, 12-14]; Chou1982 [description, distribution, host, taxonomy: 127, 132]; Chou1986 [illustration: 528]; Cocker1898b [description, distribution, taxonomy: 190-191]; Cocker1899a [taxonomy: 398]; Cocker1901l [description, distribution, host, taxonomy: 225]; Cocker1902d [distribution, taxonomy: 59]; DanzigPe1998 [catalogue, distribution, host, taxonomy: 195]; Essig1931 [taxonomy: 595]; Fernal1903b [catalogue, distribution, host, taxonomy: 233]; Ferris1953 [distribution, host: 60]; Fullaw1932 [distribution, taxonomy: 95, 102]; Giliom1966 [distribution, host: 422]; Hall1946a [distribution, host, taxonomy: 505, 549, 550]; Hartma1916 [distribution, host: 103]; Hua2000 [distribution, host, taxonomy: 148]; HuHeWa1992 [distribution, illustration: 190]; KozarWa1985 [distribution: 82]; Kuwana1902 [distribution, host: 73]; Kuwana1907 [distribution, host: 197]; Kuwana1917a [taxonomy: 14]; Kuwana1926 [description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy: 22, 25-26]; Kuwana1927 [distribution, host: 72]; Lindin1907a [taxonomy: 19]; Lindin1908 [taxonomy: 89, 90, 91]; MacGil1921 [description, distribution, host, taxonomy: 314, 315]; Matile1976 [distribution, host, taxonomy: 309]; MunroFo1936 [distribution, host: 85]; Muntin1970a [distribution, host, taxonomy: 38]; Muntin1977 [description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy: 2-4]; Nakaha1981a [distribution, host, taxonomy: 395]; Scott1952 [description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy: 34, 35, 36-37, 44, 60]; Takagi1970 [distribution, host: 83, 132]; TakagiKa1966 [taxonomy: 114]; Takaha1930 [distribution, host: 37, 38]; Takaha1935 [biological control: 1]; Takaha1942b [taxonomy: 38]; Tang1977 [taxonomy: 186]; Tang1986 [description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy: 196, 294]; Tang2001 [taxonomy: 3]; Tao1978 [distribution, host: 103]; Tao1999 [distribution, host: 74-75]; Wang1981TC [distribution, host: 292]; Wang1982c [description, taxonomy: 93, 94-95]; Wu1935 [distribution, host, taxonomy: 204]; Yang1982 [taxonomy: 243]; ZhangWaCh1993 [biological control, distribution: 174]; Zimmer1948 [distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy: 377, 381].

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