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ACICULAR - Needle-shaped. ACROCARPOUS - Having the capsules at the tip of the stem, or a well-developed branch. ACUMINATE - Tapering to a narrow point, applied to leaves. ACUTE - Having a sharp point shorter than acuminate. ALAR CELLS - The cells at the basal angles of leaves. ANGULAR (Cells) - See ALAR CELLS. ANNULUS - A ring of cells between the mouth of the capsule and the lid. These are hygroscopic of the capsule and roll back when dry, opening the capsule. ANTHERIDIUM - The male reproductive organ containing the antherozoids. APICAL CELLS - Cells of the leaf tip. APOPHYSIS - See HYPOPHYSIS APPENDICULATE (Cilia). - Having short transverse bars at intervals. ARCHEGONIUM - Female reproductive organ containing a single egg cell. ARCUATE (Capsule) - Bent in a curve like a bow. AREOLATION - Net-work of the cells of a leaf. ARTICULATE - Jointed as teeth with transverse bars. ARISTATE (Leaf) - Ending in a bristle-shaped point. AURICLES - Small lobes or patches of cells at the basal angles of leaves. AUTOICOUS - Having male and female organs on separate inflorescences on the same plant. BEAK (Beaked) - Slender tip on the operculum. BICOSTATE - Having a double costa. BODERED - With one or two rows of marginal cells different from the rest of the cells of the leaf. BRACTS - Special leaves surrounding the reproductive organs (perichaetial) CAESPITOSE - Tufted or matted. CALYPTRA - A thin veil or hood which covers the operculum. CAMPANULATE - Bell-shaped. CANALICULATE (Leaf) - With in-curved margins to form a channel. CANESCENT - Hoary. CAPILLARY - Hair-like CAPSULE - Enlarged end of the sporophyte which bears the spores. CARINATE - Keeled like a boat. Refers to the segments of the inner peristome. CERNUOUS (Capsule) - Drooping or nodding. CILIA - Hair-like threads of inner peristome. CIRCINATE (Leaves) - Curved into a circle so that the apex nearly touches the base. (See FALCATE). CIRRATE (Leaves) - Curled upon drying - more regularly curled than crispate. CLEISTOCARPUS (Capsule) - Opening irregularly, not by a lid or valves. COLLUM - Neck or tapering base of the capsule. COLUMELLA - A central column of the capsule. The operculum may stick to it and be raised upon it. COMPLANATE - Having the leaves more or less flattened out in one place. CONVOLUTE (leaves) - Sheathing or rolled within one another. CORDATE - Heart-shaped . COSTA - The nerve or mid-rib of a leaf. CRIBROSE - (Peristome Teeth) - Perforated with small holes. CUCULLATE (Calyptra) - Hood-shaped and split on one side only. (CF. MITRIFORM OR MITRATE). DECURRENT - Referring to the leaf-bases running down diploid stem on each side, and wing-like. DIOECIOUS - Having male and female organs on separate plants. DISTICHOUS (Leaves) - In two opposite rows on the stem. ECOSTATE - Without a costa or mid-rib. EMERGENT (Costa) - One with perichaetial leaves reaching top of costa but not concealing it. ENDEMIC - Confined to a single country or geographical area. ENTIRE (Margin) - Unbroken; not toothed. ERECT (Leaves) - Standing close to the stem. EXCURRENT (Costa) - One extending beyond the lamina of the leaf. EXSERTED (Capsule) - When the perichaetial leaves do not reach the base of it. (Cf. EMERGENT AND IMMERSED). FALCATE - Sickle-shaped. FASCICLE - A bunch of leaves or branches. FLAGELLA - String-like branches. FLEXUOSE - Waved. FUSCOUS - Dull-brown. GAMETOPHYTE - The leafy moss plant or the generation producing male and female sex-cells - all the plant except the seta and capsule. GEMMAE - Small bud-like bodies, capable of reproducing the moss asexually. GIBBOUS (Capsule) - More swollen on one side than on the other. GLABROUS - Smooth, not hairy. GLAUCOUS - Blue-grey or silvery in color. GUIDES - The large parenchyma cells found in the x-section of the costa of Dicranums. GYMNOSTOMOUS - Lacking in peristome. HISPIDE - Having short, stiff hairs. HYALINE - Colorless and partially transparent. HYGROSCOPIC - Drying out and absorbing water readily. Such structures usually bread or curl upon drying. HYPOPHYSIS - A swelling of the seta immediately below the capsule. (See APOPHYSIS) IMBRICATED - Closely overlapping, like shingles. IMMERSED (Capsule) - Having the perichaetial leaves projecting beyond it. INCRASSATE (Cell-walls) - Thickened. JULACEOUS - Smooth, slender and cylindric. LAMELLAE - Thin plates or sheets formed by cells on the costae of Polytrichaceae. LAMINA - The blade of the leaf. LANCEOLATE - Long and narrow, but widest at the base. LID - (See OPERCULUM) LIGULATE - Strap-shaped. LIMB - The upper part of the leaf as distinguished from the leaf base. MAMILLOSE (Leaf Cells) - Convex with a short projection in the center. MARGINED - (See BORDERED). MITRATE (MITRIFORM) (CALYPTRA) - Cleft on two or more sides. (Cf. CUCULLATE). MONOECIOUS - Having the male and female sex organs on the same plant. MUCRONATE - Having a short, abrupt point. MUTICOUS - Rounded; not pointed, NECK - See COLLUM. NERVE - See COSTA NODULOSE - Covered with small knots. OCHREA - The sheath around the base of the seta. OPERCULUM - The lid which closes the capsule and permits the spores to escape when it falls. OVATE - Egg-shaped; broadest a little above the base. PANDURIFORM (Leaf) - Fiddle-shaped. PAPILLOSE - roughened by small protuberances. PARAPHYLLIA - Small, leaf-like organs found on the stems and leaves of some mosses. PARAPHYSES - Hyaline hairs among reproductive organs. PAROICOUS - Having male and female sex organs in the same cluster but not mixed; the male organs are borne in the axils of the perichaetial bracts below the female. PATENT - Spreading at an angle of 26 to 45 degrees. PENDULOUS - Hanging, or drooping. PERCURRENT (Costa) - Reaching to the leaf apex but not beyond. PERICHAETIAL - Sec BRACTS. PERISTOME - The ring of teeth or fringe surrounding the capsule. When the peristome is double, the inner row is known as segments. PINNATE - Branching like a feather. PLEUROCARPOUS - Having the capsules borne on short, lateral branches. PLICATE - Folded in pleats or furrows. PROTONEMA - The green, branched, algae-like threads produced from the spore and sometimes persistent. PULVINATE - Cushion-like. PYRIFORM - Pear-shaped. QUADRATE - Square or nearly so. RADICLES - See RHIZOIDS. RECURVED - Curved backwards . REFLEXED (Teeth) - Curved back against capsule. RHIZOIDS - See RADICLES. ROSTRATE (Operculum) - Beaked. RUGOSE - Wrinkled, usually transversely. RUPESTRAL - Growing on rocks. SCABROSE - See Papillose SECUND - Twisted or turned to one side. SESSILE - Without a stalk. SETA - The stalk on which the capsule is borne. SERRATE (Margin) - With sharp teeth. SINUOSE (Cell walls) - Waved from side to side. SPORTS - Propagative units borne in the capsule. SPOROPHYTE - The spore-bearing generation consisting of seta and capsule. SQUARROSE - Spreading at right angles from the stem. STOLONS - Creeping stems. STRUMOSE - Having a goiter-like swelling at the base of the capsule. SUBSTRATUM - The material in which a plant grows. SUBULATE - Having a fine point like a needle or awl. SULCATE - Deeply furrowed. SYNOECIOUS - Having male and female sex organs mixed in the same cluster. TEETH - The fringe around the edge of the capsule. TERETE - Circular in cross-section. TOMENTOSE - Covered with a thick felt of radicles. TUMID - Swollen. TURBINATE - Top-shaped. UNCINATE - Hooked; curved back at point. UNDULATE - Wavy surface or margin. VEIL - See CALYPTRA. WHORLED (Leaves) - With several leaves rising at one point of the stem. WAVY - See UNDULATE. | ||||||
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01-Aug-2002
