Pipestone National Monument - Freshwater Plants (U.S. National Park Service)

NPS, B. Hummel

Swamp Milkweed

Approximately thirty-five species of freshwater plants reside in the the waters and wetlands of Pipestone National Monument. Arrow-heads, sedges, and allegheny monkey flowers are among a few of those species found within the Monument's aquatic environments. Many of the surveyed freshwater plants which occur at the Monument are listed in the table below.

Many of these species are at risk from the spread of non-native Reed Canary grass which forms thick mats of vegetation in wet areas and quickly outcompetes and replaces native water plants.

Family
Common Name Scientific Name

Marsilea
Hairy pepperwort	Marsila vestita
Najadacea
Leafy Pondweed	Potomogetom foliosus
Alismataceae
Arum-leaf Arrowhead	Sagitaria cuneata
Lemnaceae
Duckweed	Lemna Minor
Polygonaceae
* Water Pepper	Polygonum hydropiper
Dotted Smartweed	Polygonum punctatum
Ceratophyllaceae
Coontail	Ceratophyllum dermersum
Ranunculaceae
Yellow Water Crowfoot	Ranunculus flabellaris
Water Crowfoot	Ranunculus longirostris
Cursed Crowfoot	Ranunculus scleratus
Brassacaceae
Fernald's Yellow Cress	Rorippa palustris
Callitrichaceae
Vernal Water Starwort	Callitriche palustris
Schrophulariaceae
Hedge Hyssop	Gratiola neglecta
Monkey Flower	Mimulus ringens
Cyperaceae
Spikerush	Elaeocharis obtusa
Wooly Sedge	Carex lanuginosa
Strict Meadow Sedge	Carex stricta
Heavy Sedge	Carex gravida
Fox Sedge	Carex vulpinoidea

* denotes exotic species