Appendix E

APPENDIX E-III

REQUIRED CODE TABLES FOR PILOT AND TEMP CODE FORMS

Code Table	Page Number	Indicator	Descriptor
0265	E-38	a₄	Type of measuring equipment used
0421	E-39	101A_dfA_df	Form of Additional Regional Data
0509	E-43	C_H	Clouds of the genera Cirrus, Cirrocumulus and Cirrostratus
0513	E-44	C_L	Clouds of the genera Stratocumulus, Stratus, Cumulus, and Cumulonimbus
0515	E-45	C_M	Clouds of the genera Altocumulus, Altostratus, and Nimbostratus
0777	E-46	D_tD_t--D_nD_n	Dew-point depression in two figures
1600	E-47	h	Height above the surface at the base of the lowest cloud
1734	E-48	I_d	Indicator used to specify the hundreds of hectopascals figure
1845	E-49	i_m	Indicator for units of elevation, and confidence factor for accuracy of elevation
2582	E-49	M_iM_i M_jM_j	Identification letters of the report; identification letters of the part of the report or the version of the code form
2590	E-50	MMM	Number of Marsden square in which the station is situated at the time of observation
2700	E-54	N	Total cloud cover
3333	E-55	Q_c	Quadrant of the globe
3685	E-56	r_ar_a	Radiosonde/sounding system used
3845	E-58	S_n	Sign of the data, exponent, and reference value
3849	E-58	s_r	Solar and infrared radiation correction
3872	E-59	s_as_a	Tracking technique/status of system used
3931	E-61	T_a-T_c	Encoding/Decoding the sign and Tenths value of the air temperature
5300	E-62	P_nP_nh_nh_nh_n	Standard heights of isobaric surfaces

Table 0265 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
a₄ Type of measuring equipment used

Code	Figure
0	Pressure instrument associated with wind-measuring equipment
1	Optical theodolite
2	Radiotheodolite
3	Radar
4	Pressure instrument associated with wind-measuring equipment but pressure element failed during ascent
5	VLF-Omega
6	Loran-C
7	Wind profiler
8	Satellite navigation
9	Reserved

Table 0421 (WMO-No. 306, Vol II)
101A_dfA_df- Form of Additional Regional Data Reported

Code Figure	Definition
00-31
00	Not to be allocated
01	First day of month (UTC)
02	Second day of month (UTC)
03	Third day of month (UTC)
04	Fourth day of month (UTC)
05	Fifth day of month (UTC)
06	Sixth day of month (UTC)
07	Seventh day of month (UTC)
08	Eighth day of month (UTC)
09	Ninth day of month (UTC)
10	Tenth day of month (UTC)
11	Eleventh day of month (UTC)
12	Twelfth day of month (UTC)
13	Thirteenth day of month (UTC)
14	Fourteenth day of month (UTC)
15	Fifteenth day of month (UTC)
16	Sixteenth day of month (UTC)
17	Seventeenth day of month (UTC)
18	Eighteenth day of month (UTC)
19	Nineteenth day of month (UTC)
20	Twentieth day of month (UTC)
21	Twenty-first day of month (UTC)
22	Twenty-second day of month (UTC)
23	Twenty-third day of month (UTC)
24	Twenty-fourth day of month (UTC)
25	Twenty-fifth day of month (UTC)
26	Twenty-sixth day of month (UTC)
27	Twenty-seventh day of month (UTC)
28	Twenty-eighth day of month (UTC)
29	Twenty-ninth day of month (UTC)
30	Thirtieth day of month (UTC)
31	Thirty-first day of month (UTC)

32-39	Not allocated

40-59	Reason for no report or an incomplete report
40	Report not filed
41	Incomplete report; full report to follow
42	Ground equipment failure
43	Observation delayed
44	Power failure

Table 0421 (WMO-No. 306, Vol II) (Continued)
101A_dfA_df- Form of Additional Regional Data Reported

Code Figure	Definition
45	Unfavorable weather conditions
46	Low maximum altitude (less than 1500 ft above ground)
47	Leaking balloon
48	Ascent not authorized for this period
49	Alert
50	Ascent did not extend above 400 hPa level
51	Balloon forced down by icing conditions
52	Balloon forced down by precipitation
53	Atmospheric interference
54	Local interference
55	Fading signal*
56	Weak signal*
57	Preventive maintenance
58	Flight equipment failure (transmitter, balloon, attachments, etc.)
59	Any reason not listed above

* Fading signals differ from weak signals in that "fading signals" are first received satisfactorily, then become increasingly weaker, and finally become too weak for reception, while "weak signals" are weak from the beginning of the ascent.

60-64: Miscellaneous
60	Unassigned
61	Unassigned
62	Radiosonde report precedes
63	Unassigned
64	Unassigned

65-69: Doubtful Data
65	Geopotential and temperature data are doubtful between following levels: 0P_nP_nP'_nP'_n
66	Geopotential data are doubtful between the following levels: 0P_nP_nP'_nP'_n
67	Temperature data are doubtful between the following levels: 0P_nP_nP'_nP'_n
68	Dew point depression is missing for reasons other than "motor-boating" between the following levels: 0P_nP_nP'_nP'_n (not used when T_nT_n is also missing)
69	Unassigned

70-74 Not allocated

Table 0421 (WMO-No. 306, Vol II) (Continued)
101A_dfA_df - Form of Additional Regional Data Reported

Code Figure	Definition
75 - 89	Corrected Data
75	Unassigned
76	Unassigned
77	Unassigned
78	Corrected tropopause data section follows
79	Corrected maximum wind section follows
80	Corrected report for the entire report (first* and second* transmissions) precedes
81	Corrected report of the entire first transmission precedes
82	Corrected report of the entire second transmission precedes
83	Corrected data for mandatory levels** follow
84	Corrected data for significant levels** follow
85	Minor error(s) in this report; correction follows
86	Significant level(s) not included in original report follow: //P_nP_nP_n T_nT_nT_anD_nD_n or P_nP_nP_nT_nT_n
87	Corrected data for surface follow
88	Corrected additional data groups follow: 101A_dfA_df .... etc.
89	Unassigned

90-99
90	Extrapolated geopotential data follow: P_nP_nh_nh_nh_n (d_nd_nd_nf_nf_n)
91	Extrapolated data precede *
92	Unassigned
93	Unassigned
94	Averaged wind for the surface to 5000 foot MSL layer and the 5000 to 10000 foot MSL layer follow: ddfff ddfff (can be used in the PART A message)
95	Early transmission of 850 and 500 hPa data and stability index follows: 85hhh TTT_aDD ddfff 50hhh TTT_aDD ddfff i_si_s
96	Early transmission of 850, 700, and 500 hPa data and stability index follow: 85hhh TTT_aDD ddfff 70hhh TTT_aDD ddfff 50hhh TTT_aDD ddfff i_si_s

Table 0421 (WMO-No. 306, Vol II) (Continued)
101A_dfA_df- Form of Additional Regional Data Reported

Code Figure	Definition
97	Early transmission of 500 hPa data and stability index follows: 50hhh TTT_aDD ddfff i_si_s
98	Early transmission of 700 hPa data and stability index follows: 70hhh TTT_aDD ddfff i_si_s
99	Not to be allocated

* Code figure 91 is used only in reports of dropsonde observations.

Unless both the stability index and the mean winds are missing, the Part A message always contains two special 101 groups as follows:

10164	Group that identifies stability index.
10194	Group that identifies the mean winds.

A 5-character group follows the 10164 which contains the encoded stability index. The value that appears in the coded message for the stability index is interpreted as follows:

Coding Stability Index

Code Value	Meaning
00 to 40	Stability index is 0 to 40
51 to 90	Stability index is -1 to -40
91	RH < 20% at either base or 500 hPa level or calculation failed.
92	RH is missing at the base level.

Table 0509 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
C_HClouds of the genera Cirrus, Cirrocumulus and Cirrostratus

Code

figure

Technical specifications

Code

figure

Non technical specifications

0	No C_H clouds	0	No Cirrus, Cirrocumulus or Cirrostratus
1	Cirrus fibratus, sometimes uncinus, not progressively invading the sky	1	Cirrus in the form of filaments, strands or hooks, not progressively invading the sky
2	Cirrus spissatus, in patches or entangled sheaves, which usually do not increase and sometimes seem to be the remains of the upper part of a Cumulonimbus; or Cirrus castellanus or floccus	2	Dense Cirrus, in patches or entangled sheaves, which usually do not increase and sometimes seem to be the remains of the upper part of a Cumulonimbus; or Cirrus with sproutings in the form of small turrets or battlements, or Cirrus having the appearance of cumuliform tufts
3	Cirrus spissatus cumulonimbogenitus	3	Dense Cirrus, often in the form of an anvil, being the remains of the upper parts of Cumulonimbus
4	Cirrus uncinus or fibratus, or both, progressively invading the sky; they generally thicken as a whole	4	Cirrus in the form of hooks or of filaments, or both, progressively invading the sky; they generally become denser as a whole
5	Cirrus (often in bands) and Cirrostratus, or Cirrostratus alone, progressively invading the sky; they generally thicken as a whole, but the continuous veil does not reach 45 degrees above the horizon	5	Cirrus (often in bands converging towards one point or two opposite points of the horizon) and Cirrostratus, or Cirrostratus alone; in either case, they are progressively invading the sky, and generally growing denser as a whole, but the continuous veil does not reach 45 degrees above the horizon
6	Cirrus (often in bands) and Cirrostratus, or Cirrostratus alone, progressively invading the sky; they generally thicken as a whole; the continuous veil extends more than 45 degrees above the horizon, without the sky being totally covered	6	Cirrus (often in bands converging towards one point or two opposite points of the horizon) and Cirrostratus, or Cirrostratus alone; in either case, they are progressively invading the sky, and generally growing denser as a whole; the continuous veil extends more than 45 degrees above the horizon, without the sky being totally covered
7	Cirrostratus covering the whole sky	7	Veil of Cirrostratus covering the celestial dome
8	Cirrostratus not progressively invading the sky and not entirely covering it	8	Cirrostratus not progressively invading the sky and not completely covering the celestial dome
9	Cirrocumulus alone, or Cirrocumulus predominant among the CH clouds	9	Cirrocumulus alone, or Cirrocumulus accompanied by Cirrus or Cirrostratus, or both, but Cirrocumulus is predominant
/	CH clouds invisible owing to darkness, fog, blowing dust or sand, or other similar phenomena, or because of a continuous layer of lower clouds	/	Cirrus, Cirrocumulus and Cirrostratus invisible owing to darkness, fog, blowing dust or sand, or other similar phenomena, or more often because of the presence of a continuous layer of lower clouds

Table 0513 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
C_L Clouds of the genera Stratocumulus, Stratus, Cumulus and Cumulonimbus

Code figure	Technical specifications	Code figure	Non-technical specifications
0	No C_L clouds	0	No Stratocumulus, Stratus, Cumulus or Cumulonimbus
1	Cumulus humilis or Cumulus fractus other than of bad weather,* or both	1	Cumulus with little vertical extent and seemingly flattened, or ragged Cumulus other than of bad weather,* or both
2	Cumulus mediocris or congestus, with or without Cumulus of species fractus or humilis or Stratocumulus, all having their bases at the same level	2	Cumulus of moderate or strong vertical extent, generally with protuberances in the form of domes or towers, either accompanied or not by other Cumulus or by Stratocumulus, all having their bases at the same level
3	Cumulonimbus calvus, with or without Cumulus. Stratocumulus or Stratus	3	Cumulonimbus the summits of which, at least partially, lack sharp outlines, but are neither clearly fibrous (cirriform) nor in the form of an anvil; Cumulus, Stratocumulus or Stratus may also be present
4	Stratocumulus cumulogenitus	4	Stratocumulus formed by the spreading out of Cumulus; Cumulus may also be present
5	Stratocumulus other than Stratocumulus cumulogenitus	5	Stratocumulus not resulting from the spreading out of Cumulus
6	Stratus nebulosus or Stratus fractus other than of bad weather,* or both	6	Stratus in a more or less continuous sheet or layer, or in ragged shreds, or both, but no Stratus fractus of bad weather*
7	Stratus fractus or Cumulus fractus of bad weather,* or both (pannus), usually below Altostratus or Nimbostratus	7	Stratus fractus of bad weather* or Cumulus fractus of bad weather,* or both (pannus), usually below Altostratus or Nimbostratus
8	Cumulus and Stratocumulus other than Stratocumulus cumulogenitus, with bases at different levels	8	Cumulus and Stratocumulus other than that formed from the spreading out of Cumulus; the base of the Cumulus is at a different level from that of the Stratocumulus
9	Cumulonimbus capillatus (often with an anvil), with or without Cumulonimbus calvus, Cumulus, Stratocumulus, Stratus or pannus	9	Cumulonimbus, the upper part of which is clearly fibrous (cirriform), often in the form of an anvil; either accompanied or not by Cumulonimbus without anvil or fibrous upper part, by Cumulus, Stratocumulus, Stratus or pannus
/	CL clouds invisible owing to darkness, fog, blowing dust or sand, or other similar phenomena	/	Stratocumulus, Stratus, Cumulus and Cumulonimbus invisible owing to darkness, fog, blowing dust or sand, or other similar phenomena

* 'Bad weather' denotes the conditions which generally exist during precipitation and a short time before and after.

Table 0515 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
C_MClouds of the genera Altocumulus, Altostratus and Nimbostratus

Code figure	Technical specifications	Code figure	Non-technical specifications
0	No C_M clouds	0	No Altocumulus, Altostratus or Nimbostratus
1	Altostratus translucidus	1	Altostratus, the greater part of which is semitransparent; through this part the sun or moon may be weakly visible, as through ground glass
2	Altostratus opacus or Nimbostratus	2	Altostratus, the greater part of which is sufficiently dense to hide the sun or moon, or Nimbostratus
3	Altocumulus translucidus at a single level	3	Altocumulus, the greater part of which is semitransparent; the various elements of the cloud change only slowly and are all at a single level
4	Patches (often lenticular) of Altocumulus translucidus, continually changing and occurring at one or more levels	4	Patches (often in the form of almonds or fish) of Altocumulus, the greater part of which is semitransparent; the clouds occur at one or more levels and the elements are continually changing in appearance
5	Altocumulus translucidus in bands, or one or more layers of Altocumulus translucidus or opacus, progressively invading the sky; these Altocumulus clouds generally thicken as a whole	5	Semi-transparent Altocumulus in bands, or Altocumulus, in one or more fairly continuous layer (semi-transparent or opaque), progressively invading the sky; these Altocumulus clouds generally thicken as a whole
6	Altocumulus cumulogenitus (or cumulonimbogenitus)	6	Altocumulus resulting from the spreading out of Cumulus (or Cumulonimbus)
7	Altocumulus translucidus or opacus in two or more layers, or Altocumulus opacus in a single layer, not progressively invading the sky, or Altocumulus with Altostratus or Nimbostratus	7	Altocumulus in two or more layers, usually opaque in places, and not progressively invading the sky; or opaque layer of Aftocumulus, not progressively invading the sky; or Altocumulus together with Altostratus or Nimbostratus
8	Altocumulus castellanus or floccus	8	Altocumulus with sproutings in the form of small towers or battlements, or Altocumulus having the appearance of cumuliform tufts
9	Altocumulus of a chaotic sky, generally at several levels	9	Altocumulus of a chaotic sky, generally at several levels
/	Cm clouds invisible owing to darkness, fog, blowing dust or sand, or other similar phenomena, or because of continuous layer of lower clouds	/	Altocumulus, Altostratus and Nimbostratus invisible owing to darkness, fog, blowing dust or sand, or other similar phenomena, or more often because of the presence of a continuous layer of lower clouds

Table 0777 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
D_tD_t--D_nD_n Dew-point depression in two figures

D_tD_t
D₀D₀
D₁D₁
D_nD_n

Dew-point depression at the tropopause level

Dew-point depression at standard isobaric surfaces or at significant ... levels, starting with station level

Code figure	Degrees Celsius	Code figure	Degrees Celsius	Code figure	Degrees Celsius	Code figure	Degrees Celsius
00	0.0	25	2.5	50	5	75	25
01	0.1	26	2.6	51	not used	76	26
02	0.2	27	2.7	52	not used	77	27
03	0.3	28	2.8	53	not used	78	28
04	0.4	29	2.9	54	not used	79	29
05	0.5	30	3.0	55	not used	80	30
06	0.6	31	3.1	56	6	81	31
07	0.7	32	3.2	57	7	82	32
08	0.8	33	3.3	58	8	83	33
09	0.9	34	3.4	59	9	84	34
10	1.0	35	3.5	60	10	85	35
11	1.1	36	3.6	61	11	86	36
12	1.2	37	3.7	62	12	87	37
13	1.3	38	3.8	63	13	88	38
14	1.4	39	3.9	64	14	89	39
15	1.5	40	4.0	65	15	90	40
16	1.6	41	4.1	66	16	91	41
17	1.7	42	4.2	67	17	92	42
18	1.8	43	4.3	68	18	93	43
19	1.9	44	4.4	69	19	94	44
20	2.0	45	4.5	70	20	95	45
21	2.1	46	4.6	71	21	96	46
22	2.2	47	4.7	72	22	97	47
23	2.3	48	4.8	73	23	98	48
24	2.4	49	4.9	74	24	99	49

// No humidity data available

Table 1600 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
h - Height above surface of the base of the lowest cloud seen

Code Figure
0	0 to 50 m
1	50 to 100 m
2	100 to 200 m
3	200 to 300 m
4	300 to 600 m
5	600 to 1000 m
6	1000 to 1500 m
7	1500 to 2000 m
8	2000 to 2500 m
9	2500 m or more, or no clouds
/	Height of base of cloud not known or base of clouds at a level lower and tops at a level higher than that of the station.

Notes:

(1) A height of exactly equal to one of the values at the ends of the ranges shall be coded in the higher range, e.g., a height of 600 m shall be reported by code Figure 5.

(2) Due to the limitation in range of the cloud-sensing equipment used by an automatic station, the code figures reported for h could have one of the three following meanings:

(a) The actual height of the base of the cloud is within the range indicated by the code figure; or

(b) the height of the base of the cloud is greater than the range indicated by the code figure but cannot be determined due to instrumental limitations; or

(c) There are no clouds vertically above the station.

Table 1734 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
I_d- Indicator used to specify the hundreds of hectopascals figure (in Part A of TEMP, TEMP SHIP, TEMP DROP and TEMP MOBIL reports) or tens of hectopascals figure (in Part C of TEMP, TEMP SHIP, and TEMP MOBIL reports) of the pressure relative to the last standard isobaric surface for which the wind is reported.

Code
Figure

Wind group included up to and including the following standard isobaric surfaces:

	Part A	Part C
1	100 hPa or 150 hPa*	10 hPa
2	200 hPa or 250 hPa**	20 hPa
3	300 hPa	30 hPa
4	400 hPa	---
5	500 hPa	50 hPa
6	---	---
7	700 hPa	70 hPa
8	850 hPa	---
9	925 hPa	---
0	1000 hPa	---

No wind group is included for any standard isobaric surface

_____________

* In this case (150 hPa), the wind group relating to the 100-hPa level shall also be included and coded as ///// except when 150 hPa is the highest standard isobaric surface reached by the sounding.

** In this case (250 hPa), the wind group relating to the 200 hPa level shall also be included and coded as ///// except when 250 hPa is the highest standard isobaric surface reached by the sounding.

Table 1845 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1
i_m- Indicator for Units of Elevation and Confidence Factor for Accuracy of Elevation

Code Figure	Units	Confidence Factor

0	Not Used
1	Meters	Excellent (within 3 meters)
2	Meters	Good (within 10 meters)
3	Meters	Fair (within 20 meters)
4	Meters	Poor (more than 20 meters)
5	Feet	Excellent (within 10 feet)
6	Feet	Good (within 30 feet)
7	Feet	Fair (within 60 feet)
8	Feet	Poor (more than 60 feet)
9	Not Used

Table 2582 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)

M_iM_i--M_jM_j

M_iM_i	Identification letters of the report
M_jM_j	Identification letters of the part of the report or the version of the code form

Literal (M_iM_i/M_jM_j) Designators for Data Type and Message Part

Code Type	PART A	PART B	PART C	PART D	RADAT
PILOT	PP	PPAA	PPBB	PPCC	PPDD
PILOT SHIP	QQ	QQAA	QQBB	QQCC	QQDD
PILOT MOBIL	EE	EEAA	EEBB	EECC	EEDD
TEMP	TT TTXX	TTAA	TTBB	TTCC	TTDD
TEMP SHIP	UU UUXX	UUAA	UUBB	UUCC	UUDD
TEMP MOBIL	II IIXX	IIAA	IIBB	IICC	IIDD

Table 2590 (WMO No.-306, Vol I.1)

MMM Number of Marsden square in which the station is situated at the time of observation

Figure E-1: Assignment of Marsden Square numbers.

WEST										EAST
99	98	97	96	95	94	93	92	91	90	90	91	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	N O R T H
89									80	80									89
79									70	70									79
69									60	60									69
59									50	50									59
49									40	40									49
39									30	30									39
29									20	20									29
19									10	10									19
09	08	07	06	05	04	03	02	01	00	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09
Q_C = 7										Q_C = 1
09	08	07	06	05	04	03	02	01	00	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	S O U T H
19									10	10									19
29									20	20									29
39									30	30									39
49									40	40									49
59									50	50									59
69									60	60									69
79									70	70									79
89									80	80									89
99	98	97	96	95	94	93	92	91	90	90	91	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99
Q_C = 5										Q_C = 3

Figure E-3: Subdivisions of the Marsden 10-degree squares into one-degree squares
for the eight octants (Q) of the globe.

Note: The number to be coded for U_LAU_LO in the position verifying group MMMU_LAU_LO is obtained by combining the second figure for L_a and the third figure for L_o in the reported position (L_aL_aL_aQ_CL_oL_oL_oL_o) This number U_LAU_LO is the number of the one-degree subdivision of the Marsden 10-degree square in which the ship is located at the time of observation.

When the ship is on the boundary between two (or four) 10-degree Marsden squares, the number to be coded for MMM is that of the Marsden 10-degree square for which the one-degree subdivision whose number is U_LAU_LO, as defined above, corresponds to the ship's position.

When the ship is on the meridian 0 or 180, as well as on the Equator, the number used for reporting Q_C shall be taken into account for determining the relevant number of the Marsden 10-degree square.

Examples:

(1)

For a ship located at 42.3N and 30.0W, the position is coded as follows:
Q_C = 7, L_aL_aL_a = 423, L_oL_oL_oL_o = 0300
U_LAU_LO is therefore 20. The ship is on the boundary between Marsden squares 147 and 148. The relevant scheme of the annex (Q_C = 7) shows that the one-degree subdivision corresponding to the ship's position would be numbered 29 in Marsden square 147 and 20 in Marsden square 148. MMM is therefore to be coded 148.

(2)

For a ship located at 40.0S and 120.0E, the position is coded as follows:
Q_C = 3, L_aL_aL_a = 400, L_oL_oL_oL_o = 1200
U_LAU_LO is therefore 00. The ship is on the boundary point between Marsden squares 431, 432, 467, and 468. The relevant scheme of the annex (Q_C = 3) shows that the one-degree subdivision corresponding to the ship's position would be 90 in Marsden square 431, 99 in Marsden square 432, 00 in Marsden square 467, and 09 in Marsden square 468. MMM is therefore coded 467.

Table 2700 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)

N Total cloud cover

N_hAmount of all the C_Lcloud present or, if no C_Lcloud is present, the amount of all the C_Mcloud present

N_sAmount of individual cloud layer or mass whose genus is indicated by C

N' Amount of cloud whose base is below the level of the station

Code figure
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8	0 1 okta or less, but not zero 2 oktas 3 oktas 4 oktas 5 oktas 6 oktas 7 oktas or more, but not 8 oktas 8 oktas	0 1/10 or less, but not zero 2/10 - 3/10 4/10 5/10 6/10 7/10 - 8/10 9/10 or more, but not 10/10 10/10

9 /	Sky obscured by fog and/or other meteorological phenomena Cloud cover is indiscernible for reasons other than fog or other meteorological phenomena, or observation is not made

Note: For use of (/), see WMO Regulation 12.1.4, Ref. 7.

Table 3333 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
Qc Quadrant of the globe

Code figure	Latitude	Longitude
1 3 5 7	North South South North	East East West West

Note : --	The choice is left to the observer in the following cases: When the ship is on the Greenwich meridian or the 180th meridian (L_OL_OL_OL_O = 0000 or 1800 respectively): Q_C = 1 or 7 (northern hemisphere) or Q_C = 3 or 5 (southern hemisphere);
--	When the ship is on the Equator (L_aL_aL_a., = 000): Qc = 1 or 3 (eastern longitude) or Qc = 5 or 7 (western longitude)

Table 3685 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
(Table 0 02 011 WMO-No. 306, Vol I Part B)
r_ar_a - Radiosonde/sounding system used

Code Figure	Meaning
00	Reserved
01	Reserved
02	No radiosonde/Passive target (e.g. reflector)
03	No radiosonde/Active target (e.g. transponder)
04	No radiosonde/Passive temperature-humidity profiler
05	No radiosonde/Active temperature-humidity profiler
06	No radiosonde/Radio-acoustic sounder
07	No radiosonde/...)reserved
08	No radiosonde/...)reserved
09	No radiosonde/Sounding system unknown or not specified
10	RS VIZ type A pressure-commutated (USA)
11	RS VIZ type B time-commutated
12	RS SDC (Space Data Corporation - USA)
13	Astor (no longer made - Australia)
14	VIZ MARK I MICROSONDE (USA)
15	EEC Company Type 23 (USA)
16	Elin (Austria)
17	Graw G. (Germany)
18	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
19	Graw M60 (Germany)
20	Indian Meteorological Service MK3 (India)
21	VIZ/Jin Yang Mark I MICROSONDE (South Korea)
22	Meisei RS2-80 (Japan)
23	Mesural FMO 1950A (France)
24	Mesural FMO 1945A (France)
25	Mesural MH73A (France)
26	Meteolabor Basora (Switzerland)
27	AVK-MRZ (Russian Federation)
28	Meteorite Marz2-1 (Russian Federation)
29	Meteorite Marz2-2 (Russian Federation)
30	Oki RS2-80 (Japan)
31	VIZ/Valcom type A pressure-commutated (Canada)Sangamo
32	Shanghai Radio (China)
33	UK Met Office MK3 (UK)
34	Vinohrady (Czechoslovakia)
35	Vaisala RS18 (Finland)
36	Vaisala RS21 (Finland)
37	Vaisala RS80 (Finland)
38	VIZ LOCATE Loran-C (USA)
39	Sprenger E076 (Germany)
40	Sprenger E084 (Germany)
41	Sprenger E085 (Germany)
42	Sprenger E086 (Germany)
43	AIR IS-4A-1680 (USA)
44	AIR IS-4A-1680 X (USA)
45	RS MSS (USA)

Table 3685 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
(Table 0 02 011 WMO-No. 306, Vol I Part B) (Continued)
r_ar_a - Radiosonde/sounding system used

46	Air IS-4A-403 (USA)
47	Meisei RS2-91 (Japan)
48	VALCOM (Canada)
49	VIZ MARK II (USA)
50	GRAW DFM-90 (Germany)
51	VIZ B2
52	Vaisala RS80-57
53	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
54	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
55	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
56	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
57	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
58	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
59	Reserved for allocation of radiosondes
60	Vaisala RS80/MicroCora (Finland)
61	Vaisala RS80/DigiCora or Marwin (Finland)
62	Vaisala RS80/PCCora (Finland)
63	Vaisala RS80/Star (Finland)
64	Orbital Sciences Corporation, Space Data Division, transponder radiosonde, type 909-11-XX, where XX correspondes to the model of the instrument (USA)
65	VIZ transponder radiosonde, model number 1499-520 (USA)

66-89	Reserved for additional automated soundings systems

90	Radiosonde not specified or unknown
91	Pressure-only radiosonde
92	Pressure-only radiosonde plus transponder
93	Pressure-only radiosonde plus radar reflector
94	No-pressure radiosonde plus transponder
95	No-pressure radiosonde plus radar reflector
96	Descending radiosonde

97-99	Reserved for allocation of sounding systems with incomplete sondes

100
...	Reserved	BUFR Table 002011 only
...
254
255	Missing value

NOTES:

(1) References to countries in brackets indicate the manufacturing location rather than the country using the instrument.

(2) Some of the radiosondes listed are no longer in use but are retained for archiving purposes.

Table 3845 (WMO-No. 306 Vol I.1)

sn	Sign of the data, and relative humidity indicator
sn	Sign of the exponent
sn	Sign of the reference value indicated by rrrrrrr

Code
figure

0	Positive or zero
1	Negative
2	Relative humidity follows

Notes:
(1) Code figures 3 to 8 are not used.
(2) See WMO Regulation 12.2.3.3.1 for the use of code figure 9.

Table 3849 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
(Table 0 02 013 WMO-No. 306, Vol I Part B)

s_r- Solar and Infrared Radiation Correction

Code Figure	Meaning
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-14* 15*	No correction CIMO solar corrected and CIMO infrared corrected CIMO solar corrected and infrared corrected CIMO solar corrected only Solar and infrared corrected automatically by radiosonde system Solar corrected automatically by radiosonde system Solar and infrared corrected as specified by country Solar corrected as specified by country Reserved Missing Value

* BUFR Table 0 02 012 only

Table 3872 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
(Table 0 02 014 WMO-No. 306, Vol I Part B)
s_as_a - Tracking Technique/Status of System Used

Code Figure	Meaning
00	No windfinding
01	Automatic with auxiliary optical direction finding
02	Automatic with auxiliary radio direction finding
03	Automatic with auxiliary ranging
04	Not used
05	Automatic with multiple VLF-Omega frequencies
06	Automatic cross chain Loran-C
07	Automatic with auxiliary wind profiler
08	Automatic satellite navigation
09-18	Reserved
19	Tracking technique not specified

Tracking Technique/Status of ASAP System Status of Ship System
20	Vessel stopped
21	Vessel diverted from original destination
22	Vessel's arrival delayed
23	Container damaged
24	Power failure to container
25-28	Reserved for future use
29	Other problems

Sounding System
30	Major power problems
31	UPS inoperative
32	Receiver hardware problems
33	Receiver software problems
34	Processor hardware problems
35	Processor software problems
36	NAVAID system damaged
37	Shortage of lifting gas
38	Reserved
39	Other problems

Launch Facilities
40	Mechanical defect
41	Material defect (Hand launcher)
42	Power failure
43	Control failure
44	Pneumatic/hydraulic failure
45	Other problems
46	Compressor problems
47	Balloon problems
48	Balloon release problems
49	Launcher damaged

Table 3872 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1) (Continued)
(Table 0 02 014 WMO-No. 306, Vol I Part B)
s_as_a - Tracking Technique/Status of System Used

Code Figure	Meaning
Data Acquisition Systems
50	R/S receiver antenna defect
51	NAVAID antenna defect
52	R/S receiver cabling (antenna) defect
53	NAVAID antenna cabling defect
54-58	Reserved
59	Other problems

Communications
60	ASAP communications defect
61	Communications facility rejected data
62	No power at transmitting antenna
63	Antenna cable broken
64	Antenna cable defect
65	Message transmitted power below normal
66-68	Reserved
69	Other problems
70	All systems in normal operation
71-98	Reserved
99	Status of system and its components not specified
100-126	Reserved
127	Missing value

Table 3931 (WMO-No. 306, Vol I.1)
T_a -- T_c Encoding/Decoding the Sign
and Tenths Value of the Air Temperature in Radiosonde Reports

Code Figures

Tenths Figure of Observed Air Temperature		Positive Temperature	Negative Temperature
0 1	}	0	1
2 3	}	2	3
4 5	}	4	5
6 7	}	6	7
8 9	}	8	9

Table 5300 (WMO-No. 306, Vol. I.1)

Standard Heights of Isobaric Surfaces
(Based on U.S. Standard Atmosphere - 1976)

Standard Surface (hPa)	P_nP_n Coded as	Approximate Height m	h_nh_nh_n Coded as
1000	00	100	100
925	92	750	750
850	85	1500	500
700	70	3000	000
500	50	5600	560
400	40	7200	720
300	30	9200	920
250	25	10400	040
200	20	11800	180
150	15	13600	360
100	10	16200	620
70	70	18500	850
50	50	20600	060
30	30	23900	390
20	20	26500	650
10	10	31100	110
7	07	33400	340
5	05	35800	580
3	03	39400	940
2	02	42400	240
1	01	47800	780

Appendix E-II
Appendix F
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