Catalogue Query Results

Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock

NOMENCLATURE:

Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock, 1881a: 333. Type data: U.S.A.: Florida, Sanford, on Eupatorium sp. Lectotype female, by subsequent designation Gimpel et al., 1974: 29. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female.

Ceroplastes plumbaginis Cockerell, 1893f: 82. Type data: ANTIGUA: on Plumbago capensis. Syntypes, female and first instar. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female and first instar. Synonymy by Gimpel et al., 1974: 29.

Ceroplastes euphorbiae Cockerell, 1896e: 17. Type data: JAMAICA: Red Hill District, on Euphorbia hypericifolia. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female. Synonymy by Gimpel et al., 1974: 29.

Ceroplastes mexicanus Cockerell, 1896f: 20. Type data: MEXICO: San Luis Potosi and Guyamas, on Catalpa sp. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female. Synonymy by Gimpel et al., 1974: 29. Notes: Also described as n. sp. in Cockerell, 1896h, p. 20.

Ceroplastes rarus Hempel, 1900a: 469. Type data: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Ypiranga, on twigs of an indigenous tree. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Sao Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Synonymy by Peronti et al., 2008: 150.

Ceroplastes cultus Hempel, 1900a: 470. Type data: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Ypiranga, on twigs of Erigeron canadensis. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Sao Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Synonymy by Peronti et al., 2008: 150.

Ceroplastes cuneatus Hempel, 1900a: 471. Type data: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Ypiranga, on twigs of Erigeron canadensis. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Sao Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Synonymy by Peronti et al., 2008: 150.

Ceroplastes rotundus Hempel, 1900a: 473. Type data: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Ypiranga, on twigs of Maytenus sp. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Sao Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Synonymy by Peronti et al., 2008: 150.

Ceroplastes breviseta Leonardi, 1911: 264. Type data: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, Cacheuta, on Atriplex lampa. Lectotype female, by subsequent designation Granara de Willink, 1999: 51. Type depository: Portici: Dipartimento de Entomologia e Zoologia Agraria di Portici, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Italy. Described: female. Synonymy by Granara de Willink, 1999: 49.

Ceroplastes cerripidiformis; Houser, 1918: 159. Misspelling of species name.

Ceroplastes cirrepediformis; Hodges, 2002b: 205. Misspelling of species name.

COMMON NAMES: barnacle scale [HamonWi1984, Gill1988]; barnacle wax scale [GimpelMiDa1974, BenDov1993].



FOES: COLEOPTERA Coccinellidae: Azya luteipis [Bartle1978], Orcus chalybeus [Bartle1978]. HYMENOPTERA Aphelinidae: Coccophagus caridei Brethes [MarinLCi1996], Coccophagus rusti Compere [MarinLCi1996]. Encyrtidae: Anicetus quintanai De Santis [MarinLCi1996], Gahaniella saissetiae Timberlake [MarinLCi1996]. Eulophidae: Pachyneuron [MarinLCi1996], Tetrastichus [MarinLCi1996]. Pteromalidae: Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky [MarinLCi1996].

HOSTS: Starchitaphtera [PerontSoGr2008]. Acanthaceae: Asystasia gangetica [Nakaha1981a], Graptophyllum pictum [Nakaha1981a], Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum [Nakaha1981a], Strobilanthes anisophyllus [GimpelMiDa1974]. Agavaceae: Agave americana [HamonWi1984]. Amaranthaceae: Alternathera amoena [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a], Amaranthus [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a]. Anacardiaceae: Mangifera [HodgsoHi1990], Mangifera indica [Nakaha1983, KondoKa1995], Schinus [HodgsoHi1990], Schinus terebinthifolia [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a], Toxicodendron [HodgsoHi1990]. Apocynaceae: Carissa carandas [HamonWi1984], Nerium [HodgsoHi1990], Plumeria [Nakaha1981a]. Aquifoliaceae: Ilex aquifolium [GimpelMiDa1974]. Araceae: Philodendron [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a]. Aspidiaceae: Didymochlaena [HodgsoHi1990]. Asteraceae: Ageratum conyzoides [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a], Artemisia [GimpelMiDa1974], Baccharis halimifolia [GimpelMiDa1974], Borrichia frutescens [GimpelMiDa1974], Chrysanthemum [GimpelMiDa1974, HodgsoHi1990], Chrysanthemum indicum [Ballou1926], Erigeron canadensis [Hempel1900a, PerontSoGr2008], Eupatorium capillifolium [HamonWi1984], Helianthus [HodgsoHi1990], Iva frutescens [GimpelMiDa1974], Palafoxia feayi [GimpelMiDa1974], Pluchea indica [Nakaha1981a], Pluchea odorata [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a], Wedelia trilobata [Nakaha1981a]. Balanitaceae: Balanites [GimpelMiDa1974]. Balsaminaceae: Impatiens [HodgsoHi1990]. Bignoniaceae: Catalpa [Cocker1893m, Cocker1896f, Cocker1896h], Dorantha [HodgsoHi1990], Jacaranda cuspidifolia [PerontSoGr2008], Podranea [HodgsoHi1990], Tabebuia [PerontSoGr2008], Tabebuia donell-smithi [Nakaha1981a], Tecomaria [HodgsoHi1990]. Caprifoliaceae: Viburnum suspensum [HamonWi1984]. Celastraceae: Euonymus [GimpelMiDa1974, HodgsoHi1990], Maytenus [Hempel1900a, GimpelMiDa1974]. Chenopodiaceae: Atriplex [Granar1999], Atriplex lampa [Leonar1911, Sassce1912], Suaeda [Granar1999]. Clusiaceae: Mammea [GimpelMiDa1974]. Combretaceae: Conocarpus [HodgsoHi1990]. Convolvulaceae: Argyreia nervosa [Nakaha1981a], Ipomoea [Newste1917b], Ipomoea batatas [GimpelMiDa1974], Rivea speciosa [Ballou1926]. Cycadaceae: Cycas [HodgsoHi1990]. Ebenaceae: Diospyros kaki [GimpelMiDa1974]. Ehretiaceae: Ehretia anacua [GimpelMiDa1974]. Euphorbiaceae: Codiaeum [GimpelMiDa1974, HodgsoHi1990], Euphorbia hypericifolia [Cocker1896o], Euphorbia pulcherrima [GimpelMiDa1974], Hura crepitans [Newste1917b]. Fabaceae: Cassia corymbosa [GimpelMiDa1974], Parkinsonia aculeata [HamonWi1984]. Geraniaceae: Pelargonium [Ballou1926]. Lamiaceae: Rosmarinus [GimpelMiDa1974, HodgsoHi1990], Salvia [HodgsoHi1990]. Lauraceae: Laurus nobilis [Ballou1926], Ocotea pulchella [PerontSoGr2008]. Malpighiaceae: Byrsonima intermedia [PerontSoGr2008], Malpighia [Nakaha1983], Malpighia coccigera [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a], Malpighia emarginata [MatileEt2006], Malpighia ilicifolia [PerontSoGr2008]. Malvaceae: Hibiscus [HodgsoHi1990]. Meliaceae: Melia azedarach [GimpelMiDa1974]. Moraceae: Ficus [HodgsoHi1990]. Musaceae: Musa paradisiaca [Nakaha1983]. Myoporaceae: Myoporum [Argyri1983]. Myrsinaceae: Ardisia pyramidalis [GimpelMiDa1974]. Myrtaceae: Eugenia [Nakaha1981a], Eugenia aquea [Green1904a], Feijoa sellowiana [GimpelMiDa1974], Myrtus [GimpelMiDa1974], Pimenta officinalis [Nakaha1981a], Psidium guajava [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a, Nakaha1983]. Nyctaginaceae: Pisonia [GimpelMiDa1974], Pisonia aculeata [Ballou1926]. Onagraceae: Fuchsia [Granar1999], Gaura [GimpelMiDa1974]. Orchidaceae: Vanda aurora [GimpelMiDa1974]. Osmundaceae: Osmunda [HodgsoHi1990]. Passifloraceae: Passiflora [Nakaha1981a, HodgsoHi1990, MarinLCi1996a, PerontSoGr2008], Passiflora edulis [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a, GalloVaBo1994], Passiflora ligularis [GimpelMiDa1974], Passiflora quadrangularis [GimpelMiDa1974]. Pittosporaceae: Pittosporum [HodgsoHi1990]. Plumbaginaceae: Plumbago capensis [Cocker1893m]. Polygonaceae: Coccoloba unifera [Nakaha1983]. Punicaceae: Punica [HodgsoHi1990], Punica granatum [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a]. Ranunculaceae: Clematis hilarii [Granar1999]. Rhamnaceae: Karwinskia humboltiana [Bibby1931]. Rhizophoraceae: Rhizophora mangle [GimpelMiDa1974]. Rosaceae: Cotoneaster [GimpelMiDa1974], Eriobotrya [HodgsoHi1990], Pyracantha [HodgsoHi1990]. Rubiaceae: Chiococca [HodgsoHi1990], Gardenia jasminoides [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a, Granar1999], Gardenia taitensis [Nakaha1981a]. Rutaceae: Citrus [HodgsoHi1990], Citrus limon [GimpelMiDa1974], Citrus sinensis [Ballou1926, GimpelMiDa1974], Fortunella [HodgsoHi1990]. Salicaceae: Salix [GimpelMiDa1974]. Sapindaceae: Cardiospermum [HodgsoHi1990], Dodonaea [HodgsoHi1990], Dodonaea viscosa [GimpelMiDa1974], Melicoccus bejuga [Ballou1926]. Sapotaceae: Achras sapota [Ballou1926], Chrysophyllum cainito [GimpelMiDa1974]. Scrophulariaceae: Russelia [HodgsoHi1990]. Solanaceae: Brunfelsia nitida [Ballou1926], Physalis [HodgsoHi1990], Solanum [HodgsoHi1990, PerontSoGr2008], Solanum melongena [MatileEt2006], Solanum muricatum [GalloVaBo1994], Solanum paniculatum [PerontSoGr2008], Solanum seaforthianum [Ballou1926]. Tamaricaceae: Tamarix [GimpelMiDa1974, HodgsoHi1990], Tamarix gallica [Ballou1926]. Theaceae: Cleyera japonica [GimpelMiDa1974], Thea. Turneraceae: Turnera subulata [MatileEt2006]. Ulmaceae: Celtis [HodgsoHi1990], Celtis laevigata [GimpelMiDa1974], Ulmus parvifolia [HamonWi1984], Ulmus pumila [GimpelMiDa1974]. Urticaceae: Urtica [HodgsoHi1990]. Verbenaceae [PerontSoGr2008], Citharexylum [Nakaha1981a, HodgsoHi1990], Citharexylum spinosum [Nakaha1981a], Clerodendrum fragrans [Ballou1926, GimpelMiDa1974, Marott1987], Duranta [HodgsoHi1990], Duranta plumieri [Cocker1899n], Duranta repens [GimpelMiDa1974, Nakaha1981a, PerontSoGr2008], Petrea volubilis [Ballou1926]. Vitaceae: Vitis vinifera [Granar1999]. Zingiberaceae: Alpinia [Granar1999].

DISTRIBUTION: Australasian: Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii [BenDov1993]); Marshall Islands [BenDov1993]; Wake Island [BenDov1993]. Nearctic: Mexico [Cocker1896f, Cocker1899n, Ferris1921] (Baja California Sur [Ferris1921], Coahuila [BenDov1993], Guanajuato [BenDov1993], Jalisco [Cocker1903a], San Luis Potosi [Cocker1896f, Cocker1896h], Veracruz [Cocker1899n]); United States of America (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, District of Columbia, Florida [Comsto1881a], Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas [Bibby1931]). Neotropical: Antigua and Barbuda (Antigua [Cocker1893gg]); Argentina [Sassce1912] (Entre Rios [Granar1999, GranarCl2003], Mendoza [Granar1999, GranarCl2003], Tucuman [Granar1999, GranarCl2003]); Bermuda [HodgsoHi1991, HodgsoHi1990]; Brazil (Alagoas [PerontSoGr2008], Sao Paulo [PerontSoGr2008]); Chile [GalloVaBo1994]; Colombia [KondoKa1995, Kondo2001]; Cuba [Houser1918, Ballou1926]; Galapagos Islands [CaustoPeSi2006]; Guadeloupe [MatileEt2006]; Guyana [Newste1917b]; Haiti [PerezG2008]; Jamaica [Granar1999]; Martinique [Granar1999]; Peru [MarinLCi1996a]; Puerto Rico & Vieques Island (Puerto Rico [Martor1976, NakahaMi1981]); Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad); U.S. Virgin Islands. Oriental: Indonesia (Java [Green1904a]); Philippines. Palaearctic: Greece [Argyri1983]; Italy [Marott1987, LongoMaPe1995].

BIOLOGY: Gill (1988) reported that, apparently, it develops one annual generation in USA, California.

GENERAL REMARKS: Description and illustrations of the adult female by Gimpel et al. (1974), Hamon & Williams (1984), Gill (1988), Kosztarab (1996), Granara de Willink (1999) and by Peronti et al. (2008). Description and illustration of the adult male given by Gimpel et al. (1974).

STRUCTURE: Adult female convex, hemispherical; 2-5 mm long. Body of the female reddish-brown to brown. Wax cover thick, grey in colour. Colour photograph of adult female by Gill (1988) and by Peronti et al. (2008).

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND CONTROL: This soft scale is a pest of Citrus and many ornamentals (Gimpel et al., 1974; Kosztarab, 1996). In California it has not been recorded as a serious pest of commercial crops, but occasionally a pest of dooryard Gardenia plants (Gill, 1988). Occasionally a serious pest in Mexico, the West Indies and other areas of the Caribbean Sea (Bartlett, 1978).

KEYS: Peronti et al. 2008: 142-144 (female) [Ceroplastes species of São Paulo, Brazil]; Hodges 2002b: 208 (female) [Ceroplastes species of Florida]; Granara de Willink 1999: 49 (female) [Argentina]; Kosztarab 1996: 325 (female) [Northeastern North America]; Kosztarab 1996: 325 (female) [Northeastren North America]; Pellizzari & Camporose 1994: 177 (female) [Ceroplastes species of Mediterranean]; Gill 1988: 17 (female) [USA, California]; Hamon & Williams 1984: 18 (female) [USA, Florida]; Gimpel et al. 1974: 19 (female) [USA]; Williams & Kosztarab 1972: 36 (female) [USA, Virginia]; Beardsley 1966: 480 (female) [Micronesia]; Cockerell 1895: 8 (female) [Florida].

CITATIONS: Argyri1983 [taxonomy: 364]; Ballou1926 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 13]; Bartle1978 [economic importance, biological control, host, distribution: 59]; Beards1966 [host, distribution: 480]; BenDov1993 [catalogue: 23,27-30,48-49]; BennetRoCo1976 [biological control, economic importance: 359-395]; Bibby1931 [host, distribution: 588]; CaustoPeSi2006 [distribution: 137]; Cocker1893gg [taxonomy, host, distribution: 373]; Cocker1893j [distribution: 254]; Cocker1894d [taxonomy: 311]; Cocker1895 [taxonomy, host, distribution, economic importance: 5-6, 8]; Cocker1896b [host, distribution: 331,332]; Cocker1896f [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 34]; Cocker1896h [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 20]; Cocker1899n [distribution, host: 17]; Cocker1902p [distribution: 253-254]; Cocker1903a [host, distribution: 156]; Comsto1881a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 333-334]; Fernal1903b [catalogue: 150-156]; Ferris1921 [host, distribution: 89]; GalloVaBo1994 [host, distribution: 69-71]; Gill1988 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, economic importance: 18-19,22]; GillKo1997 [economic importance, host, distribution: 161-163]; GimpelMiDa1974 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 29-35,71,73-79]; Gonzal1989 [taxonomy, host, distribution, economic importance, life history: 81]; Granar1999 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 49-51]; GranarCl2003 [host, distribution: 627]; Green1904a [taxonomy, illustration, host, distribution: 207]; HakkonPi1984 [biological control: 1109-1121]; HamonWi1984 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution : 22-25]; Hempel1900a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 469-472,473-474]; Hempel1901a [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 65-68]; Hodges2002b [taxonomy: 205,208]; HodgsoHi1990 [host, distribution: 5-12,14-21]; HodgsoHi1991 [host, distribution: 136]; Houser1918 [host, distribution: 159]; JohnsoLy1988 [host, distribution]; Kiritc1932a [taxonomy: 248]; Kondo2001 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 41]; KondoKa1995 [host, distribution: 57-58]; Koszta1996 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, economic importance, life history: 328-329]; KozarWa1985 [catalogue: 76]; Leonar1911 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 264-266]; Lizery1939 [host, distribution: 195]; LongoMaPe1995 [distribution: 122]; MarinLCi1996a [taxonomy, host, distribution, life history: 91-96]; Marott1987 [host, distribution, life history: 98]; Martor1976 [host, distribution: 51,58,128,177,193]; MatileEt2006 [host, distribution: 164]; Miller1996 [distribution: 69]; Nakaha1981a [host, distribution: 389]; Nakaha1983 [host, distribution: 3]; NakahaMi1981 [host, distribution: 29]; Newste1917b [host, distribution: 128]; PerezG2008 [distribution: 212]; PerontSoGr2008 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 149-152]; QinGu1995 [taxonomy: 301,302]; QinGuBe1994 [taxonomy: 541-549]; Sander1906 [catalogue: 9]; Sassce1912 [host, distribution: 88]; SilvadGoGa1968 [host, distribution: 137]; Simmon1957 [host, distribution: 7]; SimmonBe1976 [biological control: 460]; Vernal1953 [host, distribution: 125,130]; Willia1985a [taxonomy: 228]; Willia2001 [distribution: 225-227]; Woodwo1903 [taxonomy: 34].



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