One of the most interesting recent advances in hadron physics has been
the application of AdS/CFT to quantum chromodynamics. Although QCD is
not a conformally invariant field theory, one can nevertheless use the
mathematical representation of the conformal group in five-dimensional
anti-de Sitter space to construct a comprehensive model for hadron
physics. The AdS/QCD model gives accurate predictions for hadron
spectroscopy and a description of the quark structure of mesons and
baryons which has scale invariance and dimensional counting at short
distances, as well as quark confinement at large distances. One can
also compute from AdS/CFT the form of the frame-independent
light-front hadronic wavefunctions, the fundamental nonperturbative
entities which encode hadron properties and which allow the
computation of hadron form factors and scattering amplitudes. A number
of novel applications of light-front wavefunctions to QCD
phenomenology will be discussed, such as direct hard processes and
color transparency at RHIC, hidden color, intrinsic charm, sea-quark
asymmetries, dijet diffraction, direct hard processes, and hadronic
spin dynamics. This talk will be directed towards experimentalists.