Origin Time and Authority

ORIGIN TIME: (Orig Time in Screen Format) Given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)

AUTHORITY: The symbol follows the origin time and refers to the organization that supplied the origin time/coordinate parameters.

The authority column has been expanded to include other information than the authority source for the earthquake. Now it is possible for catalogs to have its own set of abbreviations. When referring to the authority column, the user should check the catalog source.

NEIC (PDE) Catalog:

Symbol	Explanation
%	A non-furnished hypocenter has been computed using data reported by a single network of stations for which the data and/or origin time cannot be confirmed from seismograms vailable to an NEIS analysts. All other parameters are considered to be consistent with normal NEIS publication criteria.
*	Less reliable hypocenter determination by the PDE using incomplete or less reliable data. Beginning in January 1985, in general, the geometric mean of the semi-major and semi-minor axes of the horizontal 90% confidence ellipse is greater than 8.5 km and less than or equal to 16.0 km.
?	Poor solution - accuracy is considered to be below normal NEIS publication criteria. Beginning in January 1985, in general, the geometric mean of the semi-major and semi-minor axes of the horizontal 90% confidence is greater than 16.0 km. This includes a poor solution computed using data reported by a single network.
A	U.S. Department of Energy (formerly AEC and ERDA), USA (explosions)
AA	C.R.A.A.G., Alger-Bouzareah, Algeria
AC	Alaska Earthquake Information Center, Fairbanks, USA
AG	USGS Alaska Seismic Project, Menlo Park, California, USA
AK	Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA
AL	Seismological Center, Academy of Sciences of Albania, Tirana, Albania
AM	University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
AR	Observatoire Géophysique d'Arta, Djibouti
AS	Geoscience Australia, Canberra, Australia
AU	ZentralAnstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Vienna, Austria
B	University of California, Berkeley, USA
BD	Observatório Sismológico, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
BK	Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defence, Blacknest, England, UK
BR	U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado, USA
BT	Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, USA
BU	Section of Seismology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
BW	Geologisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg (LEDBW), Freiburg, Germany
BY	GSRAS Siberian Branch, Baykal Regional Seis. Center, Irkutsk, Russia
C	GSC Pacific Geoscience Centre, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada
CA	Central American Seismic Center, San Jose, Costa Rica
CE	Centre Sismologique Euro-Mediterranéen, Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
CH	Schweizerischer Erdbebendienst, Zürich, Switzerland
CI	University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
CL	John Carroll University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
CO	Red Sísmica Nacional de Colombia, INGEOMINAS, Bogotá, Colombia
CR	Seccion de Sismología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
CS	Geological Survey Department, Nicosia, Cyprus
CT	Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC), Barcelona, Spain
CU	Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Sismológicas, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
CZ	Geofyzikální ústav Akademie víd Ceské republiky, Praha, Czech Rep
D	Oklahoma Geological Survey, Leonard, USA
DA	KMS, Geodætisk Seismisk Afdeling, Copenhagen, Denmark
DD	Directorate of Disaster Affairs, Lodumlu, Ankara, Turkey
DI	Inst. Nacional de Recursos Hidraulicos, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep.
DR	Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
E	Explosion parameters from any group other than DOE and predecessors
EC	RESNOM, CICESE, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
EI	Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Ireland
EQ	Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
ES	Instituto Geográfico y Catastral, Madrid, Spain
F	Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
FI	Seismologian Laitos, Helsingin Yliopisto, Helsinki, Finland
FP	Laboratoire de Géophysique, Papeete, French Polynesia
FR	CEA Lab. de Détection et de Géophysique, Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
FW	IPG Observatoire Géophysique, St. Pierre, Martinique
GC	Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Global CMT project, New York, USA
GE	Dipart. Studio del Territorio e Risorse, Università di Genova, Italy
GF	BGR, Zentralobservatorium Gräfenberg, Erlangen, Germany
GG	Inst. of Geophysics, Academy of Sciences of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
GL	U.S. Geological Survey, Golden, Colorado, USA (other than NEIS)
GM	U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California (other than AGS)
GO	Observatoire Volcanologique de Goma, Goma, Dem. Republic of the Congo
GR	National Observatory of Athens, Greece
GS	USGS National Earthquake Information Service, Golden, Colorado, USA
GU	Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
GZ	GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany
H	U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hawaii, USA
HD	Universidad Nacional, Campus Omar Dengo, Heredia, Costa Rica
HJ	Jamaica Seismograph Network, Univ. of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
HV	Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
HW	National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan, Egypt
I	International Seismological Centre, UK (not used in PDE)
IC	Vedurstofa Islands, Reykjavik, Iceland
ID	Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA
IG	Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
IL	Idaho Nat. Engineering and Environmental Lab., Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA
IM	India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, India
IN	Lembaga Meteorologi dan Geofisika, Jakarta, Indonesia
IR	Intl. Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran
IS	Geophysical Institute of Israel, Holon, Israel
IT	Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy
J	St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
JA	Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan
K	Center for Earthquake Research and Information, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
KN	Kyrgyz Broadband Seismograph Network, La Jolla, Calif. and Kyrgyzstan
KO	Korean Meteorological Administration, Seoul, South Korea
KS	Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
KU	Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait
KZ	Nat. Nuclear Center, Inst. of Geophysical Research, Almaty, Kazakhstan
L	Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, New York, USA
LE	Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique, Beirut, Lebanon
LS	ARSO, Urad za seizmologijo, Ljubljana, Slovenia
LT	Local time (not used in PDE)
M	Macroseismic location
ME	Seismology Research Centre, Bundoora (Melbourne), Australia
MH	Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Mango Hill, Montserrat
MO	Centre National de la Recherche Scient. et Tech., Rabat, Morocco
MR	Maharashtra Engineering Research Institute, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
MX	Instituto de Geofísica, UNAM, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
NC	Northern California Seismic Network, UC Berkeley & USGS Menlo Park, USA
NI	Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales, Managua, Nicaragua
NL	Koninkijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, Netherlands
NM	New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, USA
NO	Institutt for geovitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen, Norway
NP	Department of Mines and Geology, Kathmandu, Nepal
NS	National Survey of Seismic Protection, Yerevan, Armenia
NZ	Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
O	Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
OH	OhioSeis Network, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, USA
P	USGS/CalTech, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
PA	Instituto de Geociencias, Universidad de Panamá, Panama
PD	Instituto de Meteorologia, Obs. Afonso Chaves, Ponta Delgada, Azores
PE	Instituto Geofísico del Perú, Lima, Peru
PL	Instytutu Geofizyki, Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warsaw, Poland
PO	Instituto de Meteorologia, Lisbon, Portugal
PR	Red Sísmica de Puerto Rico, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Mayagüez
Q	University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA
R	University of Nevada, Reno, USA
RB	Seismological Survey of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
RI	Institutul Roman de Seismologie Aplicata, Bucharest, Romania
RL	ISC event held to solution sent by contributor (not used in PDE)
RO	National Institute for Earth Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
RP	Philippine Inst. of Volcanology & Seismology, Quezon City, Philippines
RS	Geophysical Survey, Russian Academy of Sciences, Obninsk, Russia
RU	Rede Universitaria de Vigilancia Sismovulcanica, São Miguel, Azores
S	An NEIS solution based on local model or other special methods
SA	King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
SC	University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
SF	Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada, San Fernando, Spain
SJ	Instituto Nacional de Prevención Sísmica, San Juan, Argentina
SK	Seismological Observatory, Skopje University, F.Y.R. of Macedonia
SM	Service de Physique du Globe, Rabat Agdal, Morocco
SN	Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales, San Salvador, El Salvador
SS	Cen. de Investigaciones Geotécnicas, San Salvador, El Salvador (closed)
ST	École et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Strasbourg, France
SV	Sistema de Vigilancia Sismologica dos Acores, Ponta Delgada, Azores
SW	Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
SY	National Syrian Seismological Center, Damascus, Syria
T	Weston Observatory, Boston College, Weston, Massachusetts, USA
TG	Seizmoloski zavod Crne Gore, Podgorica, Montenegro, Yugoslavia
TH	Geophysical Laboratory, University of Thessaloniki, Greece
TI	Ist. Nazle. di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale, Trieste, Italy
TR	Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Inst., Istanbul, Turkey
TT	University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad
TV	Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
TW	Central Weather Bureau, Taipei, China (Taiwan)
U	University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
UK	British Geological Survey, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
V	Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA
VE	Fundación Venezolana de Investigaciones Sismológicas, Caracas Venezuela
W	Geophysics Program, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
X	No time given (not used in PDE)
YM	National Seismological Observatory Center, Dhamar, Yemen
Z	Non-instrumental time and location (not used in PDE)
ZA	Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa
ZG	Geophysical Institute, University of Zagreb, Croatia

EC Catalog:

AU = Austria,
BE = Belgium,
DN = Denmark.
FR = France,
GB = Great Britain,
GK = Greece,
GR = Federal Republic of Germany,
IR = Ireland,
ITALY = Italy,
NE = Netherlands,
PT = Portugal,
SP = Spain,
SW = Switzerland,

EUR Catalog:

BN = supplied by B.Massinon, Laboratorie de Detection et de Geophysique, France
FE = Fennoscandiva; Bath, 1956; Panasenko, 1977
FR = Federal Republic of Germany; Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover; Seismologisches Zentralobservatorium, Grafenberg
KR = Kirkenes, Norway,
UP = Uppsala, Sweden; 15 events 1957-1959; precise source unknown
ZR = Zurich, Switzerland; supplied by D. Mayer-Rosa, ETH-Honggerberg

FENN Catalog:

AJH [AJ] = Ahjos, Finland
AMB [AM] = Ambraseys, Norway
ANA [AN] = Ananin and Panasenko, Soviet Union
BER [BR] = Bergen, Norway
BKH [BK] = Norsar, North Sea
BAT [BA] = Bath, Sweden
COP [CO] = Copenhagen, Denmark
DOS [DO] = Doss, NW Soviet Union
DSI [DS] = Nikonov and Sildvee [referring to Doss], NW Soviet Union
ERW [ER] = Wahlstrim [referring to Erdmann], Sweden
EKS [EK] = Ekstrim, Finland
FOA [FO] = Slunga, et al., Sweden
GRE [GR] = Gregersen, Denmark
GUW [GU] = Wahlstrim [referring to Gumaelius], Sweden
HJE [HJ] = Hjelme, Denmark
HEL [HE] = Helsinki, Finland
HOL [HO] = Holmqvist, Holmqvist and Wahlstrim, Sweden
IGS [IG] = Institute of Geological Sciences, Edinburgh, UK, North Sea
ISC [IS] = International Seismological Center
IVO [IV] = Saari, Finland
KAR [KR] = Karjalainen, Finland
KAT [KT] = Kataja, Finland
KIM [KI] = Kim, et al., Sweden
KJE [KE] = Kjellen, Sweden
KJW [KW] = Wahlstrim, Sweden
KOL [KL] = Kolderup, Sweden
KON [KN] = Kongsberg Seismographic Station, Norway
KOR [KR] = Korhonen, Finland
KSI [KS] = Nikonov and Sildvee, NW Soviet Union
KVA [KV] = Kvale, Norway
LEH [LE] = Lehman, Denmark
LIW [LI] = Wahlstrim [referring to Linnarsson], Sweden
MOS [MO] = World Data Center B, Moscow, NW Soviet Union
MUW [MU] = Muir Wood and Woo, Norway
MUI [MI] = Muir Wood et al., Norway
NAO [NA] = Norsar, Norway
NOW [NO] = Wahlstrim [referring to Nordenstrim], Sweden
NSW [NS] = Wahlstrim [referring to Nya Sldertalie Tidning], Sweden
OPT [OP] = Optun, Norway
PAN [PA] = Panasenko, NW Soviet Union
PEN [PE] = Penttila, Finland
POR [PO] = Porkka [see Penttila], Finland
REB [RB] = Bath [referring to Renqvist], Sweden and Finland
REN [RN] = Renqvist, Finland
SEL [SE] = Sellevol et al., Norway
SIL [SI] = Nikonov and Sildvee, NW Soviet Union
SIW [SW] = Wahlstrim [referring to Sidenbladh], Sweden
SK [SK] = Siren and Korollef [see Penttila], Finland
SLU [SL] = Slunga, Sweden
SVW [SV] = Wahlstrim [referring to Svedmark], Sweden
TOW [TO] = Wahlstrim [referring to Tirnebohm], Sweden
UPP [UP] = Uppsala, Sweden
USGS [GS] = U.S. Geological Survey
VES [VE] = Vesanen [see Penttila], Finland
WAH [WA] = Wahlstrim and Ahjos, Sweden and Finland
Information for the three references, IAS, REW, and APA was not provided with the source document. Earthquakes associated with these source documents have a blank in the authority column.

GDR Catalog:

(AM = Altmark);
(BA = Bohemian Massif);
(BM = Bavarian Molasse Basin);
(BO = Lake of Constance Area);
(CS = Central Saxony);
(CT = Central Thuringia);
(EI = Eifel Mountain Region);
(EN = Eastern Netherland Bloc);
(EW = Eastern Wuerttemberg);
(FA = Frankonian Jura);
(HM = Southern Harz Mining District);
(HS = Hessian Depression);
(HU = Hunsrueck);
(HZ = Harz Area);
(KR = Krefeld Bloc);
(MR = Middle Rhine Area);
(MU = Muensterland);
(NB = Lower Rhine Area);
(ND = Northeastern Germany);
(NF = Northern Frankonia);
(NW = Northern Black Forest);
(NX = Northern Lower Saxony and Holstein);
(OR = Upper Rhine Graben);
(PS = Pfalz-Saar Area);
(RF = Ringkoebing-Fyn High);
(RS = Eastern Rhenish Massif);
(RU = Ruhr Coal Mining District);
(SA = Swabian Jura);
(SJ = Swiss Jura);
(SM = Saar Mining District);
(SW = Southern Black Forest);
(SX Souther Lower Saxony);
(TI = Texel-Ijsselmeer Bloc);
(TW = Teutoburger Wald);
(VE = Venn Area);
(VG = Vogtland Region);
(VO = Vosges Mountain Region);
(WD = Northwestern Germany);
(WR = Werra Potash Mining District);
(= Earthquake cannot be attached to a region).

INDIA Catalog:

(CH, Chandra, Umesh, 1977);
(RR, Rao and Rao, 1984);
(Tandon and Srivastava. 1974);
(SR, Srivastava and Ramachandran, 1983).

NOAA Catalog:

U = Casualities and Damage Unknown
M = Casualities Unknown, Damage Moderate
S = Casualities Unknown, Damage Severe
E = Casualities Unknown, Damage Extreme
FU = Casualities Few, Damage Unknown
FL = Casualities Few, Damage Limited
FM = Casualities Few, Damage Moderate
FS = Casualities Few, Damage Severe
SU = Casualities Some, Damage Unknown
SL = Casualities Some, Damage Limited
SM = Casualities Some, Damage Moderate
SS = Casualties Some, Damage Severe
MU = Casualities Many, Damage Unknown
ML = Casualities Many, Damage Limited
MM = Casualities Many, Damage Moderate
MS = Casualities Many, Damage Severe
ME = Casualties Many, Damage Extreme
AU = Casualities 1-100, Damage Unknown
AL = Casualitites1-100, Damage Limited
AM = Casualities 1-100, Damage Moderate
AS = Casualities 1-100, Damage Severe
AE = Casualities 1-100, Damage Extreme
BU = Casualities 101-1000, Damage Unknown
BL = Casualities 101-1000, Damage Limited
BM = Casualities 101-1000, Damage Moderate
BS = Casualities 101-1000, Damage Severe
BE = Casualities101-1000, Damage Extreme
CU = Casualities 1001-10,000, Damage Unknown
CL = Casualities 1001-10,000, Damage limited
CM = Casualities 1001-10,000, Damage Moderate
CS = Casualitites 1001-10,000, Damage Severe
CE = Casualities 1001-10,000, Damage Extreme
DU = Casualities 10,001-100,000, Damage Unknown
DL = Casualities 10,001-100,000, Damage Limited
DM = Casualities 10,001-100,000, Damage Moderate
DS = Casualities 10,001-100,000, Damage Severe
DE = Casualities 10,001-100,000, Damage Extreme
EU = Casualities greater than 100,000, Damage Unknown
EM = Casualities greater than 100,000, Damage Moderate
ES = Casualities greater than 100,000, Damage Severe
EE = Casualities greater than 100,000, Damage Extreme

SSR Catalog:

AL = Altai and Sayany
AT = Antarctica
AR = Arctic and Chukota
BL = Baltic
BK = Baikal
CA = Caucasus
CM = Crimea and Lower Kuban
CP = Carpathians
KM = Kamchatatka and Komandors
KL = Kuril Islands
MA = Central Asia and Kazakhstan
NT = Northern Tian-Shan
NE = Northeast of the USSR
PR = Primor'e and Amur
SK = Sakhalin
TR = Turkmenia (Kopetdag)
YA = Yakutia
** - The two asterisks indicate doubtful data in at least one of the following areas: date, origin time, coordinates.

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HY - Hypocenter estimates furnished by Eric Hjortenberg, Geodetic Institute of Denmark.

I - Parameters of the hypocenter supplied by the International Seismological Centre(ISC), Thatcham, United Kingdom.

LT - Local Time.

X - Time not reported.

Z - Noninstrumental time and location.