COLONIAL A Study of Virginia Indians and Jamestown: The First Century

Abbot, William W.
1970 A Virginia Chronology [1585-1783] The University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville 1957.

Entries are divided into groups of years: 1585-1659, 1660-1697, 1698-1753, 1754-1783. Appendix lists Virginia Governors for the years 1607-1783 and gives as nearly as possible dates of actual service for the men who acted as colonial governors in Virginia, 76 pp.

Ames, Susie May
1957 Reading, Writing and Arithmetic in Virginia, 1607-1699: Other Cultural Topics. Jamestown 350th Anniversary Historical Booklets, no. 15. Williamsburg: Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration Corp.

Bibliography: 73-74, 76 pp.; plates.

Allen, Paula Gunn
2003 Pocahontas: Medicine Woman, Spy, Entrepreneur, Diplomat. Harper Collins Publishers, Inc.: New York.

A biography of Pocahontas that attempts to tell the story of Pocahontas from the Native American perspective. Includes notes, bibliography references, maps, glossary and an index. 322 pps.

Andrews, Charles McLean, ed.
1915 Narratives of the Insurrections, 1675-1690. Original Narratives of the Insurrections, 1675-1690. In Original Narratives of Early American History. Schribner and Sons: New York. 414 pp.; facsim.

Includes three accounts of Bacon's Rebellion with descriptions of the siege and burning of Jamestown:

1) T. M. [Thomas Mathew], "The Beginning, Progress and Conclusion of Bacons Rebellion in Virginia in the Years 1675 and 1676," 1705, Library of Congress. Mathew, a merchant-planter in Northumberland County, represented Stafford County in the 1676 session of the House of Burgesses and was an eyewitness to many events he described. His narrative has been printed in several sources (see Andrews, p. 14). 2) ["The History of Bacon's and Ingram's Rebellion," 1676], Virginia Historical Society. The unknown author evidently was a Virginian who was familiar with the course of the rebellion and obtained some of his evidence as an eyewitness. Some leaves of the document are missing from the beginning and the end. Two versions have been printed in Massachusetts Historical Society publications (see Andrews, pp. 45-46). 3) "A True Narrative of the Rise, Progresse, and Cessation of the Late Rebellion in Virginia, Most Humbly and Impartially Reported by His Majestyes Commissioners Appointed to Enquire into the Affaires of the Said Colony," 1677, two copies: Public Record Office (C.O. 5/1371) and Pepysian Library, Magdalene College, Cambridge. The report was signed by commissioners John Berry and Francis Moryson. The volumes in which the copies are to be found at the PRO and at Cambridge also contain copies of many letters and papers written or received by the commissioners. Reprint: Heritage Books: Bowie, Md. 1992.

Archer, Gabriel (attribution from Barbour)
1969 A relatyon of the Discovery of our River, from James Forte into the Mine: made by Captain Chrisptopher Newport: and sincerely written and observed by a gent.of ye Colony [May-June 1607]. In the Jamestown Voyages under the First Charter, 1606-1609, 3ed. Philip L. Barbour. Hakluyt Society: Cambridge.

Primary source ****

Axtell, James
1995The Rise and Fall of the Powhatan Empire: Indians in Seventeenth-Century Virginia. The Foundations of America [series]. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation: Williamsburg.

Tells the story of the English settlement of Virginia from the perspective of both the colonists and the Indians. Powhatan is seen as a strong leader who used the Englishpresence to enhance his own position among his people. John Smith was the clever commander who saved Jamestown from starvation and kept peace with the Indians. Pocahontas was a link between the two cultures. Bibliography: 41-42, illustrations, maps, portraits.

1981 The European and the Indian: Essays in the Ethnohistory of Colonial North America. Oxford University Press: Oxford and New York.

Author Axtell explores the conflict of cultures that took place in 17th and 18^th century in North America between native inhabitants and European colonists; 315 pages, notes and index.

1981 The Indian Peoples of Eastern American, A Documentary History of the Sexes. Oxford University Press: Oxford and New York.

Barbour, Philip L., editor
1986 The Complete Works of Captain John Smith (1580-1631) in Three Volumes. The Institute of Early American History and Culture (Omohundro Institute) Williamsburg, VA by the University or North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill.

Most complete source for John Smith's writings, with introduction, abbreviations and short titles, illustrations, fragments of additional primary source documents, selective bibliographies, auxiliary documents, bibliography, index.

Barbour, Philip L.
Papers, 1935-1980. Swem Library, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg.

The papers of Philip Lemont Barbour (1898-1980) include research notes for his historical writings on the settlement of North America. Most articles, clippings and notes concern people associated with Captain John Smith. Correspondents include Lawrence W. Towner, 1960-1967, and representatives of the National Gallery of Art and the Smithsonian Institution, 1964-1969. There is also some printed material (mostly copies) dating back to 1603; 2,247 items.

1969 The Jamestown Voyages under the First Charter, 1606-1609: Documents Relating to the Foundation of Jamestown and the History of the Jamestown Colony up to the Departure of Captain John Smith, Last President of the Council in Virginia under the First Charter, Early in October 1609. Hakluyt Society Publications, 2d ser., nos. 136 and 137. Published for the Hakluyt Society by Cambridge University Press: London 2 vols.; plates, illus., maps, bibliography: 483-93.

Reprint: Nendeln, Liechtenstein, Kraus Reprint, 1976. 2 vols. in 1 (xviii, 524 pp.) Includes indexes.

1970 Pocahontas and Her World: A Chronicle of America's First Settlement in Which Is Relatedthe Story of the Indians and the Englishmen, Particularly Captain John Smith, Captain Samuel Argall, and Master John Rolfe. Houghton Mifflin: Boston Xx, 320 pp.; illus., maps, portraits, bibliography: [283]-299.

1964 The Three Worlds of Captain John Smith. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1964.

A sympathetic biography which finds Smith to have been basically honest in his writings, though prone to exaggeration, in keeping with the inflated and exuberant style of his times.

Xix, 553 pp.; illus., tables, maps, portraits, bibliography: 493-527. Includes index.

Bannister, John
1970 The General Natural History and Account "Of the Natives" [ca. 1691] In John Bannister and His Natural History of Virginia, 1678-1692, ed. John and Nesta Ewan. University of Illinois Press: Urbana.

Barker, Alex W.
1992 Powhatan's Purse Strings: On the Meaning of Surplus in a Seventeenth Century Algonkian Chiefdom. In: Lords of the Southeast: Social Inequality and the Native Elites of Southeastern North America. Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association. no. 3:61-80.

Bastow, Thelma Wilkerson de Shields
1975 What Happened to the Rappahannocks?: The Story of This Once Mighty Tribe of the Great Nation of Powhatan from the Time of the Coming of Those First Englishmen to Jamestown until the Present. Indian Neck, Va.: Board of Trustees for the Preservation of the Rappahannock Indian History. 108 pp.; illus., maps.

Bath Papers
1607-1778 Marquess of Bath, Longleat, Warminster, Wiltshire, England.

Reference: Thomas J. Wertenbaker, Bacon's Rebellion, 1676, pp. 59-60:

"The opening to investigators of the Marquess of Bath Papers by the British Manuscripts Project has thrown new light on Bacon's Rebellion. There are several letters from Bacon to Berkeley and several from Berkeley to Bacon. They show that Berkeley went to England during the Civil War to fight for the King, that Bacon was related to Lady Berkeley, that Lady Berkeley was in England during most of the rebellion, and that she corresponded with Philip Ludwell. "The Bath Papers add to the already abundant evidence that Bacon fought partly to end misgovernment in Virginia. The evidence comes not only from Bacon's supporters but from Berkeley himself, Ludwell, and others.

"Berkeley's letters explain why he did not hang Bacon when he had him in his power, why he dissolved the Long Assembly and called for a new election based on a widened franchise, why he evacuated the almost impregnable post of Jamestown. There are several revealing letters by Philip Ludwell."

Berkeley, Edmund and Dorothy Smith Berkeley
1965 The Reverend John Clayton: A Parson with a Scientific Mind: His Scientific Writings and Other Related Papers. The Virginia Historical Society: Charlottesville.

Collection of letters and observations made by the rector of James City Parish from 1684 to 1686. Includes material on native medical practices; with bibliography and index.

Beverley, Robert
1705 The History and Present State of Virginia, in Four Parts, by a Native and Inhabitant of the Place. London: R. Parker, 1705. 104, 40, 64, 83, 16 pp.; front., plates, tables.

The first history of the colony by a native Virginian. The four sections deal with the first settlement of Virginia, natural resources and commerce, the Indians, and the present state of the colony. Louis B. Wright, in his introduction to a 1947 reprint (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press), describes Beverley's account of the early period as sketchy and inaccurate and the weakest portion of the work. His treatment of the Indians, however, is sympathetic and realistic. In a revised edition published in 1722, Beverley softened his comments on personalities and made an effort to restrain his satirical tone.

Breen, T. H., ed.
1976 Shaping Southern Society: The Colonial Experience. Oxford University Press: New York Viii, 265 pp.

Contents include "The Labor Problems at Jamestown, 1607-18," by E. S. Morgan; "The Image of the Indian in the Southern Colonial Mind," by G. B. Nash; "A Changing Labor Force and Race Relations in Virginia, 1660-1710," by T. H. Breen; and "Politics and Social Structure in Virginia," by B. Bailyn.

Bridenbaugh, Carl
1980 Jamestown 1544-1699. Oxford University Press: Oxford and New York.

Historian, Carl Bridenbaugh tells a stirring story of America's origins in Jamestown. The book deals with the economic and social life of the community, and assesses the early attempts at self — government in the town. Individuals noted for special attention are Powhatan Opechancanough, John Rolf, Pocahontas, Rev. John Clayton, Nathanial Bacon and Richard Lawrence. Bridenbaugh covers the first legislative assembly, the gradual formation of a Virginia landed gentry, the 1676 rebellion against the government of Sir William Berkeley.

1968 Vexed and Troubled Englishmen 1590 — 1642. Oxford University Press: New York.

Brinton, Daniel G.
1885 The Chief God of the Algokins, In His Character as a Cheat and Liar. In The American Antiquarian, vol. 7, no. 3:137-139.

Brown. Alexander, ed.
1890 The Genesis of the United States. Houghton, Mifflin and Company: Boston 2 vols..

"A Narrative of the Movement in England, 1605-1616, which Resulted in the Plantation of North America by Englishmen, Disclosing the Contest between England and Spain for the Possession of the Soil Now Occupied by the United States of America; Set Forth through a Series of Historical Manuscripts Now First Printed Together with a Reissue of Rare Contemporaneous Tracts, Accompanied by Bibliographical Memoranda, Notes, and Brief Biographies" [Title page] Includes index, portraits, maps, plans.

Bullis, Ronald K.
1999 The Mattaponi and Powhatan Confederacy. In: Whispering Wind (30) no 1: 20-3.

Burke, Edmund, and William Burke
1757 An Account of the European Settlements in America. Printed for R. and J. Dodsley: London

"In six parts. I. A short history of the discovery of that part of the world. II. The manners and customs of the original inhabitants. III. Of the Spanish settlements. IV. Of the Portuguese. V. Of the French, Dutch, and Danish. VI. Of the English." 2 vols., maps.

Burns, Marilyn J.
1982 Pocahontas Blood, Being an Index to "Pocahontas, Alias Matoaka, and Her Descendants through Her Marriage at Jamestown, Virginia, in April, 1614, with John Rolfe, Gentleman." The Virginia Tree: Silver Spring, Md. 16 leaves.

See: Wyndham Robertson, Pocahontas, Alias Matoaka...(ENTRY 360).

Carson, Jane
1976 Bacon's Rebellion, 1676-1976. Jamestown: Jamestown Foundation: Jamestown. Includes bibliographical references V. 91 pp.; map.

Cohen, Brenda, and Paul Cohen
1993 Jamestown and Williamsburg: Archaeological Footprints of Our Colonial Past. In: Journal of College Science Teaching 22 (March-April): 315-17.

Discusses the use of archaeological remains in the museums and historical institutions of Jamestown and Williamsburg. Jamestown Settlement provides an account of the origins of the town and reveals the technology of the indigenous Powhatan Indians, illus., photo.

Connor, Seymour V.
1951 Sir Samuel Argall: A Biographical Sketch. In: Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 59: 162-75.

Relates Argall's exploits as mariner, fisherman, negotiator with the Indians and the French, Deputy Governor, and focus of accusations. Includes bibliographical references.

Cooke, John Esten.
1884 Virginia: A History of the People. Houghton, Mifflin and Co.: Boston.

Primary focus is the colonial period of Virginia history, Xxi, 523 pp.; map.

Cook, Samuel R.
2000 Monacans and Miners: Native American and Coal Mining Communities in Appalachia. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

An examination of the political, economic and social experiences of the Monacan Indian Nation in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. Includes bibliography and index.

2003 Anthropological Advocacy in Historical Perspective: The Case of Anthropologists and Virginia Indians. In: Human Organization: Journal of the Society for Applied Anthropology. vol 62, no 2:191-201.

Discussion of contemporary relationships between Virginia Indians and the anthropological community with notes and references.

Copland, Patrick, and Peter Pope
1622Virginia's God Be Thanked; or, A Sermon of Thanksgiving for the Happie Successe of the Affayres in Virginia This Last Yeare, Preached by Patrick Copland at Bow-Church in Cheapside, before the Honorable Virginia Company, on Thursday, the 18 of Aprill 1622; Hereunto Are Adjoyned Some Epistles, Written First in the Latine (and Now Englished) in the East Indies by Peter Pope, an Indian Youth Who Was Baptised in London, December 22, 1616. London: I.D. for William Sheffard and Iohn Bellamie, 1622. 36 pp.

Contains information concerning the products of Virginia, the condition of the colony, and its relations with the Indians.

[Cotton, John]
History of Bacon's and Ingram's Rebellion, 1675-1676. Virginia Historical Society: Richmond. 1 vol. (54 pp.)

A literary account of Bacon's Rebellion, written shortly after the event and usually attributed to John Cotton (fl. 1660-1678) of York and Northampton counties. It includes references to Bacon's use of women at Jamestown to protect his supporters from the opposition. The manuscript was published several times in the nineteenth century.

Craven, Wesley Frank
1944 Indian Policy in Early Virginia. In: William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 1: 65-82.

Includes bibliographical references

1971 White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian. The University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville. 114 pp.

The James W. Richard Lectures in History, delivered at the University of Virginia in the fall of 1970 and published in this volume "with only an occasional revision of the text." Includes bibliographical references, and an index.

Cullen, Joseph P.
1972 James' Town." American History Illustrated 7, no. 6: 26-38.

The settlement of Jamestown was plagued by disease, starvation, mismanagement, and idleness.

Davie, Preston
1627-1846 Papers, [1627-1846] Virginia Historical Society: Richmond.

A lawyer in Louisville, Ky., and New York, Davie collected legal documents and land records relating to England and Virginia. Among the papers are an indentured servant agreement (1627), orders to pay money owed (1660-1665), and land patents and deeds (1679-1777) in several Virginia localities, including Jamestown. Letters (1709-1825) concern business affairs, Indian attacks against the Virginia militia, the removal of forces in the Continental Army from the Southern Department, the sale of coal, and the sale of tobacco. (59 items)

Davis, J.E.
1928 Jamestown and her Neighbors, Richmond, Garrett and Massie, Inc.

This book focuses on the earliest settlers in America, who occupied a narrow strip south of the James and the cities of Norfolk, Portsmouth and the harbor of Hampton Roads and Hampton. Covers the Peninsula in the 17^th, and 18^th centuries, old Williamsburg and present day Williamsburg, Richmond and the James River Plantations.

Davis, John
1805 The First Settlers of Virginia: An Historical Novel Exhibiting a View of the Rise and Progress of the Colony at James Town, a Picture of Indian Manners, the Countenance of the Country, and Its Natural Productions. 2d, enl. ed. Printed for I. Riley and Co. by Southwick and Hardcastle: New York. ( 284 pp.)

1813 Life and Surprising Adventures of the Celebrated John Smith, First Settler of Virginia, Interspersed with Interesting Anecdotes of Pocahontas, an Indian Princess. Printed by Cramer, Spear and Eichbaum: Pittsburgh.

Includes "Life of John Robinson": [59]-72.(72 pp.)

Davis, Richard Beale
1955 George Sandys, Poet-Adventurer: A Study in Anglo-American Culture in the Seventeenth Century. New York: Columbia University Press.

This biography of the colonial official and translator of Ovid includes extensive discussion of Sandys' tenure as Treasurer in Virginia from 1621 to 1625. Sandys, is a member of a family prominent in Virginia Company affairs, was sent to Virginia to collect revenues, oversee policies toward staple crops, and encourage pursuits such as mills, iron works, silk production, and glassmaking. He was in Jamestown during the massacre of 1622 and the transition from Company to royal administration, bibliography: 287-309, includes index, 320 pp.; illus.

Dunham, Gary H.
1999 Marking Territory, Making Territory: Burial Mounds in Interior Virginia. In: Material Symbols: Culture and Economy in Prehistory. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University, Occasional Papers; no 26: 112-134.

Discussion of ancient burial rituals, rites and ceremonies among Monahoac Indians, Monacan Indians; with references.

Early, Ruth Hairston
1907 By-ways of Virginia History: A Jamestown Memorial, Embracing a Sketch of Pocahontas. Richmond: Everett Waddey Co. 429 pp.; front., illus.

Eggleston, Edward, and Lillie Eggleston Seelye
1879 Pocahontas, Including an Account of the Early Settlement of Virginia and of the Adventures of Captain John Smith. Dodd, Mead: New York 310 pp.; illus.

Egloff, Keith and Woodward, Deborah
1992 First People: The Early Indians of Virginia. The University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

An overview of Native American culture with an emphasis on the precontact era.

Fausz, J. Frederick
1990 An Abundance of Blood Shed on Both Sides: England's First Indian War, 1609-1614. In: Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 98: 3-56.

Investigates the actions and motivations of both sides of the early contact period, illus., tables, map.

Feest, Christian F.
1989 The Powhatan Tribes. Chelsea House Publishers: New York.

General overview of Powhatan history and culture.

Finestone, Harry, ed.
1956 Bacon's Rebellion: The Contemporary News Sheets. The University of Virginia Press: Charlottesville.

Reprint of "two English newspaper [i. e., pamphlet] accounts of the rebellion...Strange news from Virginia, and More news from Virginia" printed for William Harris, London, 1677. With reproductions of original title pages. "Published in honor of the 1957 Jamestown 350th anniversary celebration...under the aegis of the Tracy W. McGregor Library at the University of Virginia."

Bibliographical note: [39]-40, 40 pp.; illus., map.

Finn, Rosemary R.
1987 Belief System of the Powhatan Indians. In: Quarterly Bulletin, Archeological Society of Virginia. vol 42, no 3:150-158.

Force, Peter, comp.
1963 Tracts and Other Papers Relating Principally to the Origin, Settlement, and Progress of the Colonies in North America, from the Discovery of the Country to the Year 1776. Washington: Printed by P. Force, 1836-1846. 4 vols.

Items relating to Virginia: Volume 1, no. 6, [Robert Johnson] Nova Britannia (1609); no. 7, [Robert Johnson] The new life of Virginea (1612); no. 8, [Thomas Mathew] The beginning, progress, and conclusion of Bacon's rebellion (1705); no. 9, Mrs. An. Cotton, An account of our late troubles in Virginia (1676); no. 10, William Berkeley, A list of those that have been executed for the late rebellion; no. 11, A narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years 1675 and 1676; Volume 2, no. 6, Extract from a manuscript collection of annals relative to Virginia; no. 8, A perfect description of Virginia (1649); Volume 3, no. 1, [Virginia Company of London] A true declaration of the estate of the colonie in Virginia (1610); no. 2, [William Strachey, ed.] For the colony in Virginea Britannia: Lawes divine, morall and martiall, etc. (1612); no. 5, Virginia Company of London, A declaration of the state of the colonie and affaires in Virginia, with the names of the adventurors (1620); no. 6, Virginia Company of London, Orders and constitutions (1619,1620); no. 7, Nathaniel Shrigley, A true relation of Virginia and Mary-land, with the commodities therein (1669); no. 10, [Henry Norwood] A voyage to Virginia (1649); no. 11, [Edward Williams] Virginia, more especially the south part thereof, richly and truly valued..., with addition of the discovery of silkworms, with their benefit (1650); no. 12, John Clayton, Letter...to the Royal Society (1688); no. 13, [Samuel Hartlib] The reformed Virginian silk-worm (1655); no. 14, John Hammond, Leah and Rachel, or, The two fruitful sisters Virginia, and Mary-land (1656); no. 15, [Robert Greene] Virginia's cure, or, An advisive narrative concerning Virginia, discovering the true ground of that churches unhappiness, and the only true remedy (1662).

Reprint: Gloucester, Mass., Peter Smith, 1963.

Gallay, Alan
2002 The Indian Slave Trade: The Rise of the English Empire in the American South, 1670-1717. Yale University Press: New Haven.

A study of an understudied topic for the Southeastern U.S. While Virginia is not the primary focus of this work the discussion of Indian slavery in neighboring states raises questions about this topic in Virginia; with notes and index.

Gallivan, Martin D.
1997 Spatial Analysis of John Smith's Map of Virginia. In: Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 13:145-160.

George, H. M.
1870?Jack o' the Feather; or, The Daughter of Powhatan: A Story of Jamestown and Its Environs. Munro's Ten Cent Novels, no. 348. G. Munro: New York. 100 pp.; front.

Gerson, Noel Bertram
1978 The Glorious Scoundrel: A Biography of Captain John Smith. Dodd, Mead: New York Bibliography: 241-43. Includes index, 251 pp.; illus.

Gill, W. J. C.
1968 Captain John Smith and Virginia. Then and There; The Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Longman: London. 74 pp.; illus., maps.

Gleach, Frederic W.
1995 Mimesis, Play, and Transformation in Powhatan Ritual. In: Papers of the Algonquian Conference. vol 26:114-123.

1993 Powhatan Indians and an Algonquian Aesthetic of War: A Work in Progress. In: Papers, Algonquian Conference vol 24:199-211.

1992 Traditional Story of the Powhatan Indians Recorded in the early 19^th Century. In: Papers of the Algonquian Conference. no 23: 234-243.

1977 Powhatan's World and Colonial Virginia, A Conflict of Cultures. The University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

Topics include the birth of Virginia in Tsenacommacah, Virginia before the 1622 Coup, The great Massacre of 1622, Virginia between the Coups, The coup of 1644 and its aftermath and a survey of Virginia Indian relations after 1646.

Includes notes, references and index, pp. 206. 1 vol.; maps.

Gooding, Elsie
From Virginia to Willoughby to Remember the Great Capt. John Smith. [196-]. 32 pp.; illus., map, portraits. NO DATE

Gookin, Warner F.
1950 The First Leaders at Jamestown. In: Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 58: 181-93.

Argues that Bartholomew Gosnold played a prominent role in the establishment of the Virginia Company and the Jamestown colony, and that John Smith exaggerated his own contribution. Includes bibliographical references.

Green, Barbara
1987 Virginia's Indians: Bridging the Centuries. Reprinted from The Richmond News Leader. August 24-28.

Gives a brief introduction to each of the eight state recognized tribes. Divided into five parts: The New Guard of the past, the present and the future; The Old Guard, who are tribal watchdogs drawn back to their roots; Problems in the 1900s; today's concerns; and looking to the future and gaining strength from the past. 30pp. ; illus.

Haile, Edward Wright, ed.,
2001 Jamestown Narratives, Eyewitness Accounts of the Virginia Colony, The First Decade: 1607-1617. Round House: Champlain, Virginia.

Extremely useful volume of primary source materials on the initial ten years following the the establishment of the fort at Jamestown.

Hamor, Ralph
1971 True Discourse of the Present Estate of Virginia. The English Experience, Its Record in Early Printed Books Published in Facsimile, no. 320. Da Capo Press: New York.

Original title page has imprint: Printed at London by Iohn Beale for William Welby dwelling at the signe of the swanne in Pauls Church yard, 1615. The discourse is followed by three letters: (1) from Sir Thomas Dale, Jamestown, June 18, 1614; (2) from Rev. Alexander Whitaker, Virginia, June 18, 1614; (3) from John Rolfe, giving his reasons for marrying Pocahontas, 69 pp.

Earlier reprint, with the title A True Discourse of the Present State of Virginia and an introduction by A. L. Rowse: reprinted from a copy of the London edition of 1615 in the Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif.; Virginia State Library Publications, no. 3; Richmond, The Library, 1957; xviii, 74 pp.

An original is on file at Swem Library, College of William & Mary.

Hantman, Jeffrey L.
1990 Between Powhatan and Quirank: Reconstructing Monacan Culture and History in the Context of Jamestown. In: American Anthropologist 92: 676-90.

Primarily concerned with describing an interior Indian culture, the Monacan, a people who were less complex than, and a principal enemy of the Powhatan. Analysis of ethnohistorical texts, and insights derived from archaeology, leads to a different perspective on the context of the Jamestown settlement.

1993 Powhatan's Relations with the Piedmont Monacans. In: Powhatan Foreign Relations 1500-1722. Helen C. Rountree, ed. The University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

1991 Caliban's Own Voice: American Indian Views of the Other in Colonial Virginia. In: New Literary History 23 (Winter): 69ff.

The writings of William Strachey, probably a source for Shakespeare's character Caliban, described the varied reactions of Virginia Indians to Europeans at the Jamestown colony. This diversity of responses among Powhatans and Monacans contribute to the contradictions portrayed in Caliban.

Hatch, Charles E., Jr
1956 The First Seventeen Years, Virginia, 1607-1624.Clearfield Company, Inc.: Baltimore [Reprint 1993]

Tells the story of the establishment of Jamestown and the spread of the settlement-1607 to 1624. Discusses tobacco, Yeardley, Argall, and Wyatt and plantations.

Includes an appendix and supplies need for Virginia, pp.; illus., maps, portraits.

Hayes, Kevin J.
1991 Captain John Smith: A Reference Guide. A Reference Guide to Literature. G.K. Hall: Boston.

A bibliography of resources dealing with John Smith. Includes index, Xxviii, 245 pp.

1991 Defining the Ideal Colonist: Captain John Smith's Revisions from A True Relation to the Proceedings to the Third Book of the Generall Historie. In: Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 99: 123-44.

The varying details among Smith's three accounts indicate that he had different intentionseach time he retold the story of the Jamestown settlement.

Includes bibliographical references, illus.

Henry, William Wirt
1882 The Settlement at Jamestown, with Particular Reference to the Late Attacks upon Captain John Smith, Pocahontas, and John Rolfe [An address delivered before the Virginia Historical Society, February 24, 1882]. In: Proceedings of the Virginia Historical Society in Annual Meeting, 1882, 10-63. Wm. Ellis Jones, Steam Printer: Richmond.

Also published separately and in Addresses of W. W. Henry.

Hume, Noel Ivor
1978 Martin's Hundred. The University of Virginia Press: Charlottesville, [Reprint 1982]

Gives the Jamestown perspective after four years of digging.

1994 The Virginia Adventure, Roanoke to James Towne: An Archaeological and Historical Odyssey. Alfred A. Knopf: New York.

Interweaves contemporary accounts with descriptions of excavations and artifacts to reveal the motivations of the first adventurers to Roanoke and Jamestown and tell the story of how the English presence persisted in spite of bad luck, bad management, and bad relations with Indians.

Bibliography: 459-67. Includes index, Xxviii, 491 pp.; illus., maps.

Johnson, Andrew
1999 Powhatan Population Distribution as an Artifact of Contact. In Quarterly Bulletin, Archaeological Society of Virginia 54, no 4: 236-247.

Jones, Howard Mumford
1968 The Literature of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century. 2d ed. with the aid of Sue Bonner Walcutt. The University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

While formal literary production was small, there was a surprising amount of writing among seventeenth-century Virginians, including firsthand accounts, promotional literature, correspondence, and public records. Includes bibliographical references, and an index of persons. Originally published in 1946 as one of the Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (vol. 19, part 2). 124 pp.; illus.

Kennedy, Arthur M.
1949 Captain John Smith and His Critics. Athenaeum of Philadelphia: Philiadelphia.

An address presented at the 134th annual meeting of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia.18pp.

Kupperman, Karen Ordahl, editor.
1988 Captain John Smith: A Select Edition of His Writings. The Institute of Early American History and Culture by the University of North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill.

Selections of some of Smith's writings with commentary, illustrations, index.

Kupperman, Karen Ordahl
2000 Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America. Cornell University Press.

Analysis of the native response to colonization. Illustrations, references, index.

Lamar, Howard
1984 The First American West: Jamestown, 1607-1699. In: Yale Review 74 (Autumn): 64.

Lemay, J. A. Leo
1992 Did Pocahontas Save Captain John Smith? University of Georgia Press: Athens.

An analysis of the historiography of the debate over the rescue story. Starting in the 1860s, scholars began to question Smith's published accounts of the Pocahontas incident, and a controversy ensued, with Henry Adams becoming Smith's most famous detractor. Lemay concludes that the incident did in fact occur and that Adams's original attack on Smith, written during the Civil War, was a South-baiting polemic which suppressed pertinent evidence.

Bibliographical references: 123-36. Includes index, Xx, 144 pp.; illus.

Lossing, Benson John
1887 Description of the Marriage of Pocahontas (with Key Plate) at Jamestown, Va., April 1613. Joseph Laing: New York 8 pp.; front.

From the original painting, by H. Brueckner; engraved on steel by John C. McRae.

Mancall, Peter C., editor
1994 Envisioning America: English Plans for the Colonization of North America, 1580-1640.Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's.

Mattaponi Heritage Foundation
2000 Mattaponi Atlas, Endurance in Tidewater Virginia, prototype. In press and protected by copyright. Charlottesville: ALC Copiers, 2000.

The Mattaponi oral history told pictorially with photographs, drawings and maps, covering four centuries from 1607 to present day. The Mattaponi trace their history back to the Great Chief Powhatan, the father of Pocahontas who ruled most of Tidewater, Virginia when the Europeans arrived in 1607.

Matthews, Harry Bradshaw
1995 The Family Legacy of Anthony Johnson, from Jamestown, Va., to Somerset, Md., 1619-1995: A Multi-racial Saga in Black, Red and White; the Negro Johnson and Indian Puckham Lineage. Rev. ed. Oneonta, N.Y.

A case study in historiographic genealogy. Includes bibliographical references, map, and index, 59 pp.

McCartney, Martha W.
1984 The Draft of York River in Virginia: An Artifact of the Seventeenth Century. In: Southeastern Archaeology, 3:97-110.

1985 Seventeenth Century Apartheid: The Suppression and Containment of Indians in Tidewater Virginia. In: The Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology, vol 1: 51-80.

An analysis of Powhatan-English relations in the seventeenth century with references.

1989 Cockacoeske, Queen of Pamunkey: Diplomat and Suzeraine. In: Powhatan's Mantle edited by Peter H. Wood, Gregory A. Waselkov, and M.Thomas Hatley. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

An examination of the leader of the Powhatan Chiefdom in the second half of the seventeenth century; with a figure, and notes.

McCary, Ben C.
1957 Indians in Seventeenth-Century Virginia. Jamestown 350th Anniversary Historical Booklets, no. 18. Williamsburg: Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration Corp.

Bibliography: 86-89. Various reprints, including: University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville reprinted for Clearfield Co. by Genealogical Publishing Co. 93 pp.; illus.

McCary, Ben C., and Parke Rouse
1965 Virginia Indians Before and After Jamestown. Jamestown: Jamestown Foundation, [1966?] Reprinted from the Iron worker 29, no. 3 (Summer). 12 pp.; illus., maps, portraits.

McIlwaine, H.R, editor.
1915 Journal of the House of Burgesses, 13 vols. Virginia State Library: Richmond.

1918 Legislative Journals of the Council of Colonial Virginia. 3 vols. Virginia State Library: Richmond.

1925 Executive Journals of the Council of Colonial Virginia. 5 vols. Virginia State Library: Richmond.

Miller, Lee
2000 Roanoke: Solving the Mystery of the Lost Colony. Penguin Books: New York.

Using documents from the period the author attempts to explain the disappearance of the settlers of the Roanoke colony. Discussions of John White's visit to the region are of interest. Notes, references, bibliography and index are included.

Mook, Maurice Allison
1943 The Ethnological Significance of Tindall's Map of Virginia. In: William and Mary Quarterly, 2d ser., 23: 371-408; folded map.

Robert Tyndall's 1608 map is significant not only as the first drawn by a Jamestown settler but also as a record of the location of Indian tribes on the James and York rivers.

Mooney, James
1890 The Powhatan Indians. In: American Anthropologist. no 2: 132.

Classic article on Powhatan Indians drawn from Mooney's fieldwork in the early twentieth century; includes descriptions of traditional lifeways maintained over many centuries.

Morgan, Edmund S.
1971 The Labor Problem at Jamestown, 1607-18. In: American Historical Review 76: 595-611.

Among the reasons the first settlers failed to grow the food they needed may be their attitudes toward work and their expectations of the New World. The discovery of tobacco finally started the Virginians working, but it may not have erased completely the early attitudes. Includes bibliographical references.

Muscalus, John Anthony
1971 Historic Jamestown and Pocahontas on Paper Money and Chapman Art. Historical Paper Money Research Institute: Bridgeport, Pa.

An overview of the history of Pocahontas on paper money, images used primarily during the Civil War. 11 pp.; chiefly illus.

Nash, Gary B.
1972 The Image of the Indian in the Southern Colonial Mind. In: William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 29: 197-230.

Includes bibliographical references.

1998Native Peoples Magazine, "Rivers Run Through Them: North America's First Indian Reservations." Vol. 11, No. 2, February-March-April.

Neill, Edward D.
1890 Captain John Smith, Adventurer and Romancer. In: Macalester College Contributions, 1st series, 241-51. Pioneer Press Publishing Co: St. Paul.

A brief account of Smith's exploits and writings, with scant attention to his Virginia period. Smith's veracity is held in low regard.

1890 Virginia Governors under the London Company. In Macalester College Contributions, 1st series, 5-35. Pioneer Press Publishing Co: St. Paul.

Brief accounts of early governors and others, supported by quotations from various sources, many of which are available elsewhere. Letters of Francis Wyatt and John West are significant. A patent of Ralph Hamor is incorrectly attributed to Ralph Warner. A patent of Sir George Yeardley, transcribed in full, is important because the original has been lost.

Nesbitt, Marion Belt
1957 Captain John Smith's Page. Lippincott: Philadelphia.

Pictures by Douglas Goraline, 79 pp.; illus.

Neville, John Davenport
1976 Bacon's Rebellion: Abstracts of Materials in the Colonial Records Project. Jamestown Foundation.

Comprehensive compilation of documents from the Public Record Office and U.S. archives pertaining to Bacon's Rebellion and it's aftermath. Includes index, Xv, 427 pp.

O'Brien, Warren Gregory
1993 The Powhatan Chiefdom until 1622: Dynamism and Opportunism on the Virginia Coastal Plain. Unpublished master's thesis, James Madison University. Bibliography: 89-9.

Paine, Lauran
1973Captain John Smith and the Jamestown Story. New York: Hippocrene Books: New York. 206 pp.; illus, bibliography: 200-201.

Payler, Esther (Miller)
1957Arrows over Jamestown. [1st] ed. New York: Vantage Press. 83 pp.

Percy, George
1967 Observations Gathered out of "A Discourse of the Plantation of the Southern Colony in Virginia by the English, 1606, edited by David B. Quinn. The University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

Potter, Stephen R.
1989 Early English Effects on Virginia Algonquian Exchange and Tribute in the Tidewater Potomac. In: Powhatan's Mantle edited by Peter H. Wood, Gregory A. Waselkov, and M.Thomas Hatley. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

Archaeological analysis of trade goods integrated with contact period history; figures, and notes.

1993 Commoners, Tribute, and Chiefs: The Development of Algonquian Culture in the Potomac Valley. University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

A synthesis of archaeology and ethnohistory in the Potomac Valley from A.D. 200 to 1650. Illustrations, references, index.

Price, David A.
2003Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Heart of a New Nation.Alfred A. Knopf: New York ..

A narrative of the opening of the first permanent English settlement in the New World. Drawing on period letters and chronicles and on the papers of the Virginia Company existence and hardships of the early settlers. Chief Powhatan and his daughterPocahontas's roles are discussed in depth.

Includes bibliographical references, marginalia and an index, 238 pp.;. map.

Prucha, Francis Paul
1984 The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indians.Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.

Purchas, Samuel, comp.
1617Purchas His Pilgrimage, or Relations of the World and the Religions Observed in Al Ages and Places Discovered, from the Creation unto This Present. In Foure Parts: This First Contayneth a Theologicall and Geographicall Historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the Ilands Adiacent... With Briefe Descriptions of the Countries, Nations, States, Discoveries, Private and Publike Customes, and the Most Remarkable Rarities of Nature, or Humane Industrie, in the Same. 3d ed. London: Printed by William Stansby for Henry Fetherstone.

Material on Virginia appears in chapters V and VI of The Eighth Booke: America, pages 937-57, as follows: Chap. V: Of Virginia

I. The Preface, Sir Walter Raleighs Plantation, and the Northerne Colonie

II. Of the Southerne Plantation and Colonies, and Many Causes Alleged of the Ill Success Thereof at the First

III. Of the Soile, People, Beasts, Commodities and Other Observations of Virginia

IV. Of the Present Estate of Virginia, and the English There Residing

Chap. VI: Of the Religion and Rites of the Virginians [Indians]

I. Of the Virginian Rites, Related by Master Hariot

II. Observations of Their Rites by Captaine Smith and Others

III. Of the Sasquesahanockes, with Other, and Later Observations of the Virginian Rites An index is appended.

Earlier editions: 1613 and 1614.

The fourth edition (1626) is generally found as volume 1 or volume 5 of the author's Hakluytus Posthumus. 1102 pp.

Quitt, Martin H.
1995 Trade and Acculturation at Jamestown, 1607-1609: The Limits of Understanding. In: William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 52: 227-58. Anglo-Powhatan relations began with expectations on the part of each group that the other would accept or defer to some of its practices and values. Each counted on some degree of influence over the other, on being able to acculturate the other. Over the course of the first two years, however, leaders on both sides came to recognize how unrealistic were their earliest hopes. That recognition was grounded in the most common arena of contact, the field of trade. Settlers and natives would struggle with each other through five stages of exchange during 1607-1609 before their leaders finally grasped and confronted the critical differences between their peoples. Hindered earlier by a limited understanding of each other's ways, at the moment of deep insight Smith and Powhatan realized that neither could peacefully accommodate the other. Following their last fateful meeting, the relationship between the English and the Indians deteriorated inexorably.

Includes bibliographical references.

Rasmussen, William M. S., and Robert Steven Tilton.
1994 Pocahontas: Her Life and Legend. Virginia Historical Society: Richmond. 1994.

Published for an exhibition at the Virginia Historical Society, October 1994 through April 1995. Includes bibliographical references: 52-56, 56 pp.; illus.

Readers Digest Association
1995 Through Indian Eyes, the Untold Story of Native American Peoples. Pleasantville, New York and Montreal, Reader's Digest Association, Inc.

This book seeks to present American History as it was experienced by the American who were here first, the American Indians. Includes a chronology, suggestions for further reading, and is extensively illustrated with drawings and photographs. Index, 387 pp.

Richter, Daniel
2001 Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America. Harvard University Press: Cambridge.

Overview of American Indian perspective and response to European colonization in the Eastern Woodlands. Jamestown included in the discussion on pages 42, 60, 65, 70-73, 75, 76, 153; with illustrations, notes, index.

Robertson, Wyndham
1887 Pocahontas, Alias Matoaka, and Her Descendants through Her Marriage at Jamestown, Virginia, in April, 1614, with John Rolfe, Gentleman; Including the Names of Alfriend, Archer, Bentley, Bernard, Bland, Bolling, Branch, Cabell, Catlett, Cary, Dandridge, Dixon, Douglas, Duval, Eldridge, Ellett, Ferguson, Field, Fleming, Gay, Gordon, Griffin, Grayson, Harrison, Hubard, Lewis, Logan, Markham, Meade, McRae, Murray, Page, Poythress, Randolph, Robertson, Skipwith, Stanard, Tazewell, Walke, West, Whittle, and Others. J. W. Randolph & English: Richmond.

"...with Biographical Sketches by Wyndham Robertson, and Illustrative Historical Notes by R. A. Brock."Vii, 84 pp.; front., plates.

Index published separately: Burns, Pocahontas Blood, Being an Index..., 1983.

Various reprints, including Baltimore, Genealogical Publishing Co., 1993. For corrections and additions, see Brown and Myers, Pocahontas' Descendants: A Revision...

Rolfe, John
1971 A True Relation of the State of Virginia Lefte by Sir Thomas Dale, Knight, in May Last 1616. Jamestown Documents. Published for the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities by the University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

Earlier printings: 1) Southern Literary Messenger 5 (1839): 401-6; 2) Virginia Historical Register 1 (1848): 101-13; 3) Edited by J. C. Wylie, F. L. Berkeley, Jr., and John M. Jennings, New Haven, 1951. [Xliv, 15 pp.]

Rountree, Helen C.
1973 Indian Land Loss in Virginia: A Prototype of U.S. Federal Indian Policy. Unpublished dissertation at University of Wisconsin.

1989 The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: Their Traditional Culture. University of Oklahoma Press: Norman.

A description of the Indian culture encountered by the Jamestown colonists, based mainly on archaeology and such early accounts as those of John Smith, William Strachey, Henry Spelman, George Percy, and Gabriel Archer. Bibliography: 194-206. Includes index, Viii, 221 pp.; illus., maps.

1990Pocahontas's People: The Powhatan Indians of Virginia through Four Centuries. University of Oklahoma Press: Norman. Xii, 404 pp.; illus., maps. bibliography: 363-87. Includes index.

1992 Powhatan Priests and English Rectors: World Views and Congregations in Conflict. In: American Indian Quarterly vol16, no 4:485-500.

1998 Powhatan Indian Women: the people Captain Smith Barely Saw. In: Ethnohistory 45, no 1:1-29.

Author uses ethnographic analogy to reconstruct the daily lives of Powhatan women.

Rountree, Helen C., editor
1993 Powhatan Foreign Relations 1500-1722. University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

Includes discussions about Powhatan interactions with Monacans, Eastern Shore, and Native groups in Maryland, settlement patterns, subsistence and trading activities; with notes, bibliography, and index.

Rountree, Helen C, and E. Randolph Turner, III.
1999 The Evolution of the Powhatan Paramount Chiefdom in Virginia. In: Chiefdoms >and Chieftaincy in the Americas. University of Florida Press: Gainesville.

1994 On the Fringe of the Southeast: The Powhatan Paramount Chiefdom in Virginia. In: The Forgotten Centuries: Indians and Europeans in the American South 1521-1704, Charles Hudson and Carmen Chaves Tesser, editors. The University of Georgia Press: Athens.

Brief overview of Powhatan political structure (pp 355-372) with a map and notes.

2002 Before and After Jamestown, Virginia's Powhatans and Their Predecessors. University Press of Florida: Gainesville.

Sams, Conway Whittle
1916 The Conquest of Virginia: The Forest Primeval; An Account, Based on Original Documents, of the Indians in That Portion of the Continent in Which Was Established the First English Colony in America. G. P. Putnam's Sons: New York.

Includes bibliographical references, and an index, Xxiii, 432 pp.; illus., maps.

1929 The Conquest of Virginia: The Second Attempt; An Account, Based on Original Documents, of the Attempt, under the King's Form of Government, to Found Virginia at Jamestown, 1606-1610. Keyser-Doherty Printing Corp: Norfolk. Xlix, 916 pp.; illus., plates, portraits, maps, plans.

Includes bibliographical references.

1939 The Conquest of Virginia: The Third Attempt, 1610-1624. G.P. Putman & Sons: New York . 824 pp.

Shea, William L.
1983The Virginia Militia in the Seventeenth Century. Louisiana State University Press: Baton Rouge.

A study of the militia's role in the military defense and internal affairs of Virginia in the seventeenth century, including confrontations with the Indians, two raids by the Dutch navy, and Bacon's Rebellion.

Bibliography: 141-48. Includes index, Xi, 152 pp.; 2 maps.

Sheehan, Bernard W.
1980 Savagism and Civility, Indians and Englishmen in Colonial Virginia. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.

Sheridan, Eugene R.

1988 Captain Smith Goes to Jamestown. In: Documentary Editing 10, no. 2 (June)

A favorable review of Philip L. Barbour's 1986 edition of John Smith's Complete Works. Also includes concise summaries of Smith's life and of the controversy in more recent times over his reliability as a chronicler of history.

Includes bibliographical references, 11-15; illus.

Sherwood, William
1871 Virginia's Deploured Condition: Or an Impartiall Narrative of the Murders committed by the Indians there, and of the Sufferings of his Majesties Loyall Subjects under the Rebellious outrages of Mr. Nathaniell Bacon Junior to the tenth day of August Anno Domini 1676. New York Public Library.

This formal statement, prepared for Sir Joseph Williamson, Secretary of State, was formerly part of an extensive correspondence between Sherwood and Williamson now located in the Public Record Office. Several of Sherwood's letters have been published in the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.

Published transcription: Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, 4th ser., 9: 162-76.

Slezkin, L.
1973 Legenda o Dzhone Smite ili pervye gody Dzheimstauna. (The Legend of John Smith, or the Early Years of Jamestown). Novaia i Noveishaia Istoriia no. 3: 159-70.

Discusses several incidents in Smith's published accounts in an attempt to assess his veracity. Concludes that Smith was not a hero and that he manufactured part of the legend. Includes bibliographical references.

Smith, James Morton, ed.
1958 Seventeenth-Century America: Essays in Colonial History. Chapel Hill: Published for the Institute of Early American History and Culture at Williamsburg, Va., by the University of North Carolina Press. Xv, 238 pp.

Essays based on papers read at the Symposium on Seventeenth-Century Colonial History, a commemorative event sponsored by the Institute of Early American History and Culture to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the Jamestown settlement, Williamsburg, April 7-12, 1957.

Contents include: The moral and legal justifications for dispossessing the Indians, by Wilcomb E. Washburn; Indian cultural adjustment to European civilization, by Nancy Oestreich Lurie; Social origins of some early Americans, by Mildred Campbell; Politics and social structure in Virginia, by Bernard Bailyn; Seventeenth-century English historians of America, by Richard S. Dunn. Includes bibliographical references, and an index.

Smith, John
1884Capt. John Smith of Willoughby by Alford, Lincolnshire, President of Virginia and Admiral of New England: Works, 1608-1631. Edited by Edward Arber. The English Scholar's Library, no. 16. Birmingham: Cxxxvi, 984 pp.; maps, facsim.

Smith's works which deal with Virginia include 1) A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Noate as Hath Hapned in Virginia since the First Planting of That Collony (1608);2) A Map of Virginia, with a Description of the Countrey (1612), with its second part, 3) The Proceedings of the English Colonie in Virginia since Their First Beginning from England in the Yeare of Our Lord 1606, till This Present 1612; 4) The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles..., Divided into Sixe Bookes (1624), Books 2 and 3 of which are reprints, with variations, of A Map of Virginia and The Proceedings of the English Colony in Virginia, and Book 4 is a continuation of the history of Virginia from the time Smith left it until 1624; 5) The True Travels, Adventures, and Observations of Captaine John Smith (1630), which is predominantly about the early years of Smith's life before his Virginia voyage, but which includes a short account of Virginia events from 1624 to 1629. Edward Arber's introduction to this compilation of Smith's works includes the texts of several "Illustrative Documents," such as a) "A Relatyon of the Discovery of Our River, from James Forte into the Maine..., Sincerely Writen and Observed by a Gent. of Ye Colony" [possibly Gabriel Archer], covering the period from May 21 to June 22, 1607; b) "Observations Gathered out of 'A Discourse of the Plantation of the Southerne Colonie in Virginia by the English, 1606', Written by That Honorable Gentleman, Master George Percy," taken from Samuel Purchas's Pilgrimes; c) "A Discourse of Virginia," by Edward Maria Wingfield (1608); d) "Relation of Virginea," by Henry Spelman (1613). Later edition: Travels and Works of Captain John Smith, Edinburgh, 1910, 2 vols., with a new introduction by A. G. Bradley.

The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles, with the Names of the Adventurers, Planters, and Governours from Their First Beginning, Ano: 1584, to This Present 1624, with the Proceedings of Those Severall Colonies and the Accidents That Befell Them in All Their Journyes and Discoveries; Also the Maps and Descriptions of All Those Countryes, Their Commodities, People, Government, Customes, and Religion Yet Knowne; Divided into Sixe Bookes. London: Printed by I. D. and I. H. for Michael Sparkes, 1624. 248 pp.; plates, maps.

Books 2 and 3 are reprints, with variations, of A Map of Virginia and The Proceedings of the English Colony in Virginia. Book 4 is a continuation of the history of Virginia from the time Smith left it until 1624.

Facsimile edition: Cleveland, 1966, with an introduction by A. L. Rowse and bibliographical notes by Robert O. Dougan.

A Map of Virginia, with a Description of the Countrey, the Commodities, People, Government and Religion, Written by Captaine Smith, Sometimes Governor of the Countrey; Whereunto Is Annexed the Proceedings of Those Colonies, Since Their First Departure from England, with the Discourses, Orations, and Relations of the Salvages, and the Accidents That Befell Them in All Their Journies and Discoveries, Taken Faithfully As They Were Written out of the Writings of Doctor Russell, Tho. Studley, Anas Todkill, Ieffra Abot, Richard Wiefin, Will. Phettiplace, Nathaniel Powell, Richard Pots, and the Relations of Divers Other Diligent Observers There Present Then, and Now Many of Them in England. Oxford: Printed by Joseph Barnes, 1612. 39, 110 pp.; map.

The second part has a special title page: The Proceedings of the English Colonie in Virginia since Their First Beginning from England in the Yeare of Our Lord 1606 till This Present 1612...

The Settlement of Jamestown. Old South Leaflets [General Series, vol. 7], no. 167. [Boston: Directors of the Old South Work, 1906]. 20 pp.

From Smith's General History of Virginia. Extracts on Capt. Smith and the Jamestown colony from Edward Arber: 18-20.

A True Relation of Such Occurences and Accidents of Noate as Hath Hapned in Virginia since the First Planting of That Collony, Which is Now Resident in the South Part Thereof, till the Laste Returne from Thence. London: Printed for Iohn Tappe...by W.W., 1608. [44] pp.

Running title: Newes from Virginia.

Reprints: 1) Boston, Wiggin and Lunt, 1866; with an introduction and notes by Charles Deane; 2) New York, A. Lovell, 1896; American History Leaflets, vol. 2, no. 27; 3) Smith, Travels and Works..., ed. by Arber, vol. 1, 1-40; 4) Tyler, Narratives of Early Virginia, 25-71.

The True Travels, Adventures, and Observations of Captaine Iohn Smith, in Europe, Asia, Affrica, and America, from Anno Domini 1593 to 1629: His Accidents and Sea-fighte in the Straights, His Services and Stratagems of Warre in Hungaria, Transilvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia; Together with a Continuation of His Generall History of Virginia, Summer-Iles, New England, and Their Proceedings, since 1624 to This Present 1629. London: J. H. for Thomas Slater, 1630.

Stanard, Mary Newton
1904? Jamestown and the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities. Richmond: Printed for the Society by W. E. Jones. 8 pp.; [1] leaf of plates.

1907 The Story of Bacon's Rebellion. Neale Publishing Co: New York.. 181 pp. Original sources: 171-81.

1928 The Story of Virginia's First Century. J. B. Lippincott Co: Philadelphia. 331 pp.; front., plates, portraits, facsim, includes index.

Steele, Ian K.
1994 Warpaths: Invasions of North America. Oxford University Press: New York.

Chapter 3 entitled English Jamestown and The Powhatan 1607-1677 (pgs 37-58) examines interactions between Amerindians and Europeans in the initial years of contact; notes and index.

Stith, William
1747 The History of the First Discovery and Settlement of Virginia, Being an Essay Towards a General History of This Colony. Printed by William Parks: Williamsburg.

The first history of the early years of the colony based on extensive documentation. Stith, a minister and future President of the College of William and Mary, relied mainly on John Smith's writings and the copies of Virginia Company records then in the possession of William Byrd. The emphasis, therefore, is on the years 1607 to 1609 and 1619 to 1624, when the narrative ends. Stith champions John Smith and supports the Sandys-Farrar faction of the Virginia Company against the villainous Sir Thomas Smith and James I.

The appendix is separately paged and has its own title page: "An Appendix to the First Part of the History of Virginia, Containing a Collection of Such Ancient Charters or Letters Patent, As Relate to That Period of Time..." Included are the three charters of the Virginia Company and the Company's July 1621 "Ordinance and Constitution...for a Council of State and General Assembly."

Reprint, with a new introduction by Darrett B. Rutman: New York, Johnson Reprint Co., 1969. Viii, 331, 34 pp.

Strachey, William
[1969]For the Colony in Virginea Britannia; Lawes Divine, Morall, and Martiall, Etc. Jamestown Documents. Charlottesville: Published for the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities by the University Press of Virginia.

Edited by David H. Flaherty. Reprint of the 1612 edition, which is also published in Force's Tracts. Xxxviii, 101 pp.

The Historie of Travell into Virginia Britania [1612]. Edited by Louis B. (Louis Booker) Wright and Virginia Freund. Works Issued by the Hakluyt Society, 2d ser., vol. 103. London: Printed for the Hakluyt Society, 1953. Xxxii, 221 pp.; maps, facsim.

"The text is intended to be an exact transcript of the Princeton MS, with original spelling and punctuation retained."

The title page from the manuscript: "The First Booke of the First Decade, Conteyning the Historie of travell into Virginia Britania, expressing the Cosmographie, and Commodities of the Countrie, together with the Qualities, Customes, and Manners of the naturall Inhabitants, in part gathered, and obteyned, from the industrious and faithful Obseruations, and Commentaries of the first Planters and elder Discouerers; and in parte obserued, by William Strachey gent, three yeeres thether imployed, and sometyme Secretary, and of Counsaile..."

Includes a vocabulary of the Powhatan dialect of the Algonquian language spoken by the Indians in the Jamestown region. Also includes an index.

Published previously (1849) by the Hakluyt Society as The Historie of Travaile into Virginia Britannia, edited by R. H. Major, from the manuscript in the British Museum.

Strong, Lee
1994 Virginia's True First Family, The Mattaponi Nation Survives. In: Albemarle Magazine. Kluge Carden Jennings Publishing Company, Issue No. 43, December 1994 - January 1995.

Includes an interview with Chief Webster Little Eagle Custalow, gives some oral history of the tribe, one of the original tribes of the Powhatan Chiefdom.

Swem, Earl Gregg, ed.
1957 The Jamestown 350th Anniversary Historical Booklets. Williamsburg: Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration Corp.. 23 vols; illus., portraits, maps (some folded).

1. A selected bibliography of Virginia, 1607-1699, by E. G. Swem and J. M. Jennings; 2. A Virginia chronology, by W. W. Abbott; 3. John Smith's map of Virginia, by B. C. McCary; 4. The three Charters of the Virginia Company of London; 5. The Virginia Company of London, by W. F. Craven; 6. The first seventeen years, Virginia, 1607-1624, by C. E. Hatch, Jr.; 7. Virginia under Charles I and Cromwell, by W. E. Washburn; 8. Bacon's rebellion, 1676, by T. J. Wertenbaker; 9. Struggle against tyranny, by R. L. Morton; 10. Religious life of Virginia in the seventeenth century, by G. M. Brydon; 11. Virginia architecture in the seventeenth century, by H. C. Forman; 12. Mother Earth; land grants in Virginia, by W. S. Robinson, Jr.; 13. The bounty of the Chesapeake, by J. Wharton; 14. Agriculture in Virginia, by L. Carrier; 15. Reading, writing, and arithmetic in Virginia, by S. M. Ames; 16. The government of Virginia in the seventeenth century, by T. J. Wertenbaker; 17. Domestic life in Virginia in the seventeenth century, by A. L. Jester; 18. Indians in seventeenth-century Virginia, by B. C. McCary; 19. How justice grew, Virginia counties, by M. W. Hiden; 20. Tobacco in colonial Virginia, by M. Herndon; 21. Medicine in Virginia, by T. P. Hughes; 22. Some notes on shipbuilding and shipping in colonial Virginia, by C. W. Evans; 23. A pictorial booklet on early Jamestown commodities and industries, by J. P. Hudson. (Most of these titles have separate entries in this bibliography.)

Taylor, Robert T.
1957 The Jamestown Tercentennial Exposition of 1907. In: Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 65: 169-208; illus.

Includes bibliographical references.

Thurman, Melburn D.
1986 Experimental Archaeology and Woodland Indian Houses. In: Archeological Society of Virginia Quarterly Bulletin 41: 89-96.

Discusses the limits of ethnohistorical sources in helping to reconstruct the Late Woodland house model in an exhibit at Virginia Beach. The article is followed by an exchange of replies between Errett Callahan and Steve W. Edwards (pp. 97-111). Callahan answers Thurman's criticisms of a 1985 paper written by Callahan. Edwards claims that Callahan compromised the larger goals of Jamestown Settlement's living history exhibit by applying overly exacting standards to the replication of the Indian village there. Callahan suggests ways of achieving greater accuracy without jeopardizing the accessibility and goals of the Jamestown project.

Turner, E. Randolph
1985 Socio-political Organization within the Powhatan Chiefdom and the Effects of European Contact, A.D. 1607-1646. In: Cultures in Contact. Smithsonian Institution Press:193-224.

Description of the structure of the Powhatan chiefdom drawn from primary sources; references included.

Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, ed.
1907 Narratives of Early Virginia, 1606-1625. Original Narratives of Early American History. New York: Charles Scribners and Sons. Xv, 478 pp.; map, facsim.

Contents: Observations by Master George Percy, 1607; A True Relation, by Captain John Smith, 1608; Description of Virginia and Proceedings of the Colonie, by Captain John Smith, 1612; The Relation of the Lord De-La-Ware, 1611; Letter of Don Diego de Molina, 1613; Letter of Father Pierre Biard, 1614; Letter of John Rolfe, 1614; Proceedings of the Virginia Assembly, 1619; Letter of John Pory, 1619; Generall Historie of Virginia by Captain John Smith, 1624, The Fourth Booke; The Virginia Planters' Answer to Captain Butler, 1623; The Tragical Relation of the Virginia Assembly, 1624; The Discourse of the Old Company, 1625.

Vaughan, Alden T.
1974 American Genesis: Captain John Smith and the Founding of Virginia. Library of American Biography, edited by Oscar Handlin. Little, Brown: Boston.

"A Note on the Sources": 191-200. Includes index, Ix, 207 pp.; illus.

1977 Expulsion of the Salvages: English Policy and the Virginia Massacre of 1622. In: William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 35: 57-84.

"This essay seeks to document the patterns of pre-1622 attitudes and policies, to clarify their causal relation to the massacre, and to show the massacre's impact on English perceptions of the Indian and the resultant colonial policy." [Author's note, p. 57] Includes bibliographical references.

Vaughan, Jack Chapline
1990Jamestowne. Vaughan's Southern Histories, vol. 1. Little Rock, Ark.: Vaughan.

Includes index, Xv, 240 pp.; plates, illus.

1920 Propaganda in History. 2d, rev. ed. Richmond Press: Richmond.

A discussion of selected myths in American historiography, including those involving the settlement of the Jamestown and Plymouth colonies and the character of Abraham Lincoln. First edition published in 1920, 20 pp.

Virginia. General Assembly. Senate.
1874Colonial Records of Virginia. Senate Document—Extra. Richmond.

Contents include: The proceedings of the first assembly of Virginia, held July 30th, 1619; Lists of the livinge & the dead in Virginia, February 16, 1623; A list of those killed in the massacre of March 22, 1622; A briefe declaration of the plantation of Virginia duringe the first twelve yeares, when Sir Thomas Smith was Governor of the Companie, & downe to this present tyme, by the Ancient Planters nowe remaining alive in Virginia, 1624; A list of the number of men, women and children inhabiting in the several counties within the colony of Virginia, 1634; A letter from His Majesty, Charles the Second, to Sir Wm. Berkeley, Gov. of Va. acknowledging the receipt of a present of silk..., 1648; A list of the parishes in Virginia in 1680. 106 pp.

Reprints: Baltimore, Genealogical Publishing Co., 1964 and 1973; Baltimore, Clearfield Co., 1989.

Virginia Journal of Science.
1957Early Virginia. [Lexington: Virginia Academy of Science].

"Reprinted from the Virginia Journal of Science, volume 8, number 1, [Jan.] 1957 [Jamestown Festival number]."

Contents: Indians of Virginia 350 years ago, by B. D. Reynolds; Geologic ancestry of the York-James Peninsula, by A. Bevan; Seventeenth-century science in old Virginia, by I. F. Lewis; History of Virginia's commercial fisheries: neglected historical records throw light on today's problems, by J. L. McHugh and R. S. Baily; Physicians at early Jamestown, by S. S. Negus.

Includes bibliographies, 73 pp.; illus., portrait.

Washburn, Wilcomb Edward
1957The Governor and the Rebel: A History of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia. Chapel Hill: Published for the Institute of Early American History and Culture at Williamsburg, Va., by the University of North Carolina Press.

"Essay on the Sources": 167-75, Xv, 248 pp.; portrait, maps, facsim,

Includes bibliographical references, and an index.

1957 Sir William Berkeley's 'A History of Our Miseries.' In: William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 14: 403-13.

Contains the text of Governor Berkeley's account of Bacon's rebellion in a letter dated February 2, 1676/7, to Henry Coventry, one of Charles II's Principal Secretaries of State.

Waterhouse, Edward
1969 Declaration of the State of the Colony and Affaires in Virginia, with a Relation of the Barbarous Massacre in the Time of Peace and League, Treacherously Executed by the Native Infidels upon the English, the 22 of March Last; Together with the Names of Those That Were Then Massacred, That Their Lawfull Heyres, by This Notice Given, May Take Order for the Inheriting of Their Lands and Estates in Virginia; and a Treatise Annexed, Written by That Learned Mathematician Mr. Henry Briggs, of the Northwest Passage to the South Sea through the Continent of Virginia, and by Fretum Hudson; also a Commemoration of Such Worthy Benefactors as Have Contributed Their Christian Charitie towards the Advancement of the Colony; and a Note of the Charges of Necessary Provisions Fit for Every Man That Intends to Goe to Virginia; Published by Authoritie. London: Imprinted by G. Eld for R. Mylbourne, 1622. 54 pp.; front. Also appears in Kingsbury, The Records of the Virginia Company of London, vol. 3, pp. 541-79.

Reprint: Da Capo Press: New York.

Waugaman, Sandra F., and Danielle Moretti-Langholtz
1999 We're Still Here: Contemporary Virginia Indians Tell Their Stories. Palari Press: Richmond.

American Indians in Virginia share their unique stories as they address issues of their identity and history in their own voices. This book provides an insight into the history, education and cultural traditions of each state-recognized tribe in Virginia.

Wertenbaker, Thomas Jefferson
1957 Bacon's Rebellion, 1676. Jamestown 350th Anniversary Historical Booklets, no. 8. Williamsburg: Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration Corp.

Bibliographical essay: 59-60, 60 pp.; illus.

Reprints: Charlottesville, University Press of Virginia, 1979; Baltimore, for Clearfield Co. by Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994.

???? The First Americans, 1607-1690. A History of American Life, vol. 2. New York: Macmillan Co., 1927.

"Critical Essay on Authorities": 317-38, Xx, 358 pp.; front., plates, portraits, map, facsims.

Reprint: St. Clair Shores, Mich., Scholarly Press, 1977.

???? The Government of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century. Jamestown 350th Anniversary Historical Booklets, no. 16. Williamsburg: Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration Corp., 1957. 61 pp.; illus.

Includes bibliographical references.

Reprint: Baltimore, Clearfield Co., 1994.

Williamson, Margaret Holmes
1992 Pocahontas and Captain John Smith: Examining a Historical Myth. In: History and Anthropology. vol 5, no 3-4:365-402.

2003 Powhatan Lords of Life and Death: Command and Consent in Seventeenth-Century Virginia.University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

A portrait of the famous Native leader Powhatan and his realm which encompassed the Tidewater area of Virginia from the James River to the Potomac River. Author Williamson provides a more complex and culturally appropriate view of the Chiefdom of Powhatan during the crucial early decades of the seventeenth century.

Includes bibliographical references, notes, and an index.

Wood, Karen and Diane Shields

2001 The Monacan Indians: Our Story. Madison Heights, Virginia: Monacan Indian Nation, Office of Historical Research.

Tells the history of the Monacan Indian Confederacy from before the Europeans arrived through the twentieth century. 1 vol.36 pp; map, illus.

Wood, Peter H.
1989 The Changing Population of the Colonial South: An Overview by Race and Region, 1685-1790. In: Powhatan's Mantle edited by Peter H. Wood, Gregory A. Waselkov, and M.Thomas Hatley. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

A comprehensive overview of changing Native, White and Black populations in the region. Tables, and notes included.

Wood, Peter, Gregory A. Waselkov, and M. Thomas Hatley, Editors
1989 Powhatan's Mantle: Indians in the Colonial Southwest. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln.

The book is divided into three parts, with each editor taking a part. Part One is Geography and Population: part Two is Politics and Economics, Part Three covers Symbols and Society. In Powhatan's Mantle, the editors have assembled superb examples of how the history of Southeastern Indians is being rewritten. Subjects range from a single individual to a village to the region as a whole. Authors cover demography, ecology and symbolism in this new interpretation of the native Southeast. This book focuses on the settlers' relations with the Indians; 343pp., maps, illus., photographs ,index, and notes.

Wright, Louis B. (Louis Booker), ed.
1946 Newes from the New-World, Wherein May Be Seene the Excellent Qualities of the Beastes of the Fields, the Fish, and Fowl, As Well As the Singular and Rare Vertues of the Earth and Air of That Goodly Land. [Los Angeles]: Imprinted by Anderson & Ritchie for the said Companie of the Friends of the Huntington Library. 29 pp.; facsim.

Four small samples of promotional writings by adventurers to the New World, in support of English colonization. Included are a 1608 letter from Peter Wynne at Jamestown, an excerpt from Alexander Whitaker's Good Newes from Virginia, and a 1624 letter by John Smith presenting a copy of his Generall Historie of Virginia to the Society of Cordwainers of London.

1964A Voyage to Virginia in 1609; Two Narratives: Strachey's "True Reportory" and Jourdain's "Discovery of the Bermudas." Jamestown Documents. Charlottesville: Published for the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities by the University Press of Virginia: Charlottesville.

Xx, 116 pp.