Record 97 of 382 - CRIS/ICAR 9/96 TI: SELECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF ARTHROPODS WITHIN PERENNIAL FRUIT AND NUT CROPS IN: WELTER-S-C PO: ENTOMOLOGY. UNIV OF CALIFORNIA LO: BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94720. FY: 1995 CL: PRIMARY CLASSIFICATION GENERAL CLASSIF. RPA ACTVTY CMMDTY SCNCE PRCNT PRGM JTC R204 A4500 C1000 F0412 100% P3.13 J2B PH: R204 (Insect-Control-Fruit,-Vegetables); A4500 (Protection-Against-Insects); C1000 (Deciduous-and-Small-Fruits-and-Nuts); F0412 (Entomology-Plant) GH: P3.13 (Fruit); J2B (Plant-Protection) SC: S1010 (Deciduous-Tree-Fruits,-General) 50%; S1050 (Edible-Tree-Nuts,-General) 50%; PST2 (Target-II-Nonpesticidal-Control) 100%; IPMC (Integrated-Control-Control-Components) 100% DE: PEARS; APPLES; STRAWBERRIES; INSECTS; NUTS; INSECT-MANAGEMENT; FRUIT; PRUNES; PISTACHIOS; PHENOLOGY; INSECTICIDE-RESISTANCE; INSECTICIDE-RESISTANT-INSECTS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL-(INSECTS); ANAPHES-OVIJENTATUS; INSECT-PHEROMONES; LYGUS; LEIOPHRON-UNIFORMIS; CARPOCAPSA-POMONELLA CT: Basic 50%; Applied 50%; Developmental 0% OB: Enhanced use of natural enemies in perennial crops and the development of decision criteria for predicting effective biological control, development of selective monitoring techniques for predicting pest movements and phenology, characterization of insecticide resistance in key pests, and development of selective procedures for management of codling moth in pome fruit orchards.. AP: Classical, augmentative, and conservation approaches will be used for the biological control components of the proposal. Monitoring techniques will focus on pheromone based systems. Insecticide resistance research will include laboratory and field assays. Both selective insecticide and pheromone based programs will be investigated. PR: 9401 TO 9412 Implementation of a regional mating disruption program for control of codling moth, CYDIA POMONELLA, in the Sacramento region of California continued for the second year of a three year program. The project encompasses 760 contiguous acres of pears such that >90% of the population is under a common management program that does not select for insecticide resistance. Mating disruption reduced the use of azinphosmethyl, the most toxic insecticide commonly used in pears by 90%; 60% of the acreage in the project was not treated. Infestation by codling moth averaged less than 1%. Managing codling moth as a discrete population allowed for the first documented reversion in resistance to azinphosmethyl by 20-25% as selection pressure from azinphosmethyl was reduced. Using ecological genetic techniques (sib and half-sib analyses), resistance to azinphosmethyl was shown to be a polygenic, semi-recessive trait. An augmentative biological control using inundative releases of ANAPHES IOLE to control LYGUS HESPERUS in California strawberries in 1994 provided commercially acceptable control of Lygus (<0.2 Lygus per plant at peak infestation levels) despite the complete elimination of insecticides for control of Lygus. Using release rates of 15,000 ANAPHES per week, significant reductions in seasonal Lygus nymphs were correlated with depressions in fruit injury from Lygus. Parasitism levels averaged approximately 60% for the season in contrast to a background level of 10% in untreated controls. PB: 9401 TO 9412 SHEARER, P. W., VARELA, L. G., RIEDL, H., WELTER, S C., and JONES, V. P. 1994. Topical pheromone trap assay for monitoring insecticide resistance of PHYLLONORYCTER ELMAELLA (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 87(6):1441-1449. PB: 9301 TO 9312 No publications reported this period. PB: 9201 TO 9212 VARELA, L. G. AND WELTER, S. C. 1992. Parasitoids of the leafminer, PHYLLONORYCTER NR. ELMAELLA (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), on apple in California: Abundance, impact on leafminer, and insecticide-induced mortality. Biological Control. PB: 9102 TO 9112 VARELA, L.G., WELTER, S.C., JONES, V.P., BRUNNER, J.F. and RIEDL, H. ACCEPTED. Monitoring and characterization of insecticide resistance in codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in four western states. J. Econ. Entomol. NORTON, A.P., WELTER, S.C., FLEXNER, L., JACKSON, C.G., DEBOLT, J. and PICKEL, C. ACCEPTED. Evaluation of ANAPHES IOLE (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and LEIOPHRONUNIFORMS (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitism of LYGUS HERSPERUS in CA strawber. OC: 000910 IC: 001312 SU: Region 4 (Western). PS: NEW UD: 9102 UP: 9506 PP: 9412 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------