Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog
Note: Electronic data is machine generated. May be incomplete or contain other coding.
1 The History of Paleoanthropofogy 35 Introduction 35 The Historiography of Repetition 36 The Historiography of Stagnation 37 The Main Theses of This Book 37 Part I A Synthesis ofApproacies to Human Evolution, 1860-1890 43 2 ComparativeAnatomy 47 Introduction 47 Humankind's Place Among the Living Primates 47 Not Descended from the AnthropoidApes 48 Up from the Anthropoid Apes 49 Polyphyletic Hypotheses 53 Monogeny or Polygeny? 57 The Monogenists 57 The Polygenists 60 Reconstructing Hypothetical Ancestors 62 Comparative Anatomy 62 Squeezing Blood out ofStone Tools 63 Conclusion 66 3 Tfhe Human Fossil Record 70 A Historiographical Note 70 The Aryan Origin Model 74 Beyond the Aryan Origin Model 77 The Peopling of Europe and the Monogeny/Polygeny Debate 80 The Establishment of Parallel Models of Peopling 81 Conclusion 84 Part II Competing Approaches to Human Evolution, 1890-1935 87 4 Primate Phy(ogeny 89 Introduction 89 The Case for the New World 91 Parallel Evolution 98 Unrelated to the Hominoid Apes 99 Humankind's Link with the Hominoid Apes 100 Ape-like Ancestors 101 Human-like Ancestors 106 Hypothetical Reconstructions and Scenarios 111 Reconstructing Humankind) Ancestors 113 Scenarios ofHominization 114 Conclusion 116 5 Human Phy(ogeny 121 A Historiographical Note 121 Pithecanthropus: In the Midst of Competing Interpretative Frameworks 123 Parallel Schemes 125 Two Distinct Contributors 125 RacialAdmixtures 126 Linear and Multilinear Schemes 128 Linear Hypotheses 129 Multilinear Hypotheses 132 Polyphyletic Schemes 135 Intertwined with the HominoidApes 136 Intertwined with the Primates 139 Piltdown Man: Rethinking Its Impact 142 Evolutionary Theories: Darwinism and Orthogenesis 146 Conclusion 151 Part III Toward the Modem Research Structure in Pateoantfiropology, 1935-2000 155 6 The Constriction of Human Phylogenetic Hypotheses, 1935-1950 157 Introduction 157 Hominid Fossil Discoveries in the 1930-1940 Decade 159 Southeast Asia 159 South and East Africa 160 The Middle East 160 Europe 161 The New World 161 The Obvious and Immediate Impact 161 Parallel and Linear Hypotheses 164 Polymorphic Contributors 165 Polymorphic Contributors and Evolutionary Stages 168 Several Nonpolymorphic Ancestors and Evolutionary Stages 169 Linear Hypotheses and Evolutionary Stages 171 Multilinear Hypotheses 174 Conclusion 179 7 Primate Pfiyogeny, 1935-1965 182 Introduction 182 Bypassing the Hominoid Ape Phase 185 Up from a Generalized Hominoid Stock 193 Out of a Specialized Hominoid Stock 204 Scenarios of Hominization: The Impact of Nonhuman Primate Fossils 211 Fossil-free Scenarios 212 Fossil-based Scenarios 213 Conclusion 215 8 The Place oftheAustralopithecines, 1925-1965 222 A Historiographical Note 222 The 1925-1935 Period 225 Within the Ape Radiation? 231 Within the Hominid Radiation 235 The Rise oftheAustralopithecines 236 The Fate ofthe Australopithecines 241 Scenarios of Hominization: The Impact of the Australopithecines 255 Conclusion 260 9 Human Phyogeny, 1950-1965 266 Introduction 266 A Historiographical Note 268 Multilinear Hypotheses 269 From Multilinear to Parallel Hypotheses? 276 Polymorphic Ancestors and Parallel Lines 281 Linear Hypotheses 289 Evolutionary Theories: The Evolutionary Synthesis 295 The New Systematics 297 The Evolutionary Dynamics 301 The Cultural Niche 302 Conclusion 305 10 Primate aud Human Pihyogeny, 1965-2000 312 Introduction 312 Humankind's Place Among the Primates 313 The Fossil Record 314 Molecular Studies 319 Scenarios of Hominization 325 The Place of the Australopithecines 332 Not fom the Known Australopithecines 333 Up fom the Australopithecines 336 The Rise of the Living Humans: In the Midst of Competing Evolutionary Conceptions 340 The Fossil Record 343 Molecular Studies 355 Conclusion 358 S1 The Nature of Paieoanthropology 365 Introduction 365 Avoiding Pre-established Epistemological Models 366 The Nature of Paleoanthropology 366 An Expanded and Changing Nature for Paleoanthropology 370 History Is Philosophy Learned from Examples 373 by Bernard Wood