Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science, U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 200512 Title: Peak Vegetation Growth 2003 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Online_Linkage: Description: Abstract: This map layer is a grid map of 2003 peak vegetation growth for Alaska and the conterminous United States. The nominal spatial resolution is 1 kilometer and the map layer is based on 1-kilometer AVHRR data. The data were compiled by staff at the USGS Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science. Purpose: These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the continental level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data. No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data. Supplemental_Information: This image is based on data recorded by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensors carried in Earth orbit onboard several NOAA satellites. AVHRR data has a ground resolution of 1.1 kilometer and a swath width of over 2000 kilometers. AVHRR imagery that covers the whole Earth is recorded every day, but the most commonly used AVHRR products are the composite images that are created from AVHRR data every two weeks. Compositing two weeks of images means that data obscured by cloud cover on any particular day can be replaced by data recorded on a clear day during the same period. Biweekly AVHRR composites are the basis for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculations. The NDVI is a measure of vegetation cover and plant growth. NDVI is calculated from AVHRR channel 2 (near-infrared) and channel 1 (visible, red light) by this formula: NDVI = (channel 2 - channel 1) / (channel 2 + channel 1). Because they indicate vegetation vigor, NDVI values are commonly called "greenness data." Greenness composites have been produced for the conterminous United States every two weeks since 1989, and for Alaska, during the growing season, since 1990. Peak greenness is calculated by examining all of the biweekly composites for a year, pixel-by-pixel, and recording the maximum NDVI value for each pixel. The National Atlas includes peak and average greenness images for each year from 1990 to 2004. For more information on NDVI, AVHRR, and greenness datasets, see . A basic explanation of AVHRR can be found at . The following table describes the display of vegetation growth in the TIFF image: >Value Description RGB values >_________________________________________________________ >1 No data 132 158 172 >2 Water 132 193 255 >100-110 Less vigorous growth 187 126 99 >111-115 | 226 168 109 >116-125 | 244 205 120 >126-133 | 239 233 164 >134-142 | 254 251 172 >143-150 | 217 233 172 >151-158 | 178 214 137 >159-166 | 137 196 104 >167-174 | 127 172 119 >175-200 More vigorous growth 99 144 76 > The associated world file is included as part of the GeoTIFF. The contents of the world file are: >1000.0000 >0.000000 >0.000000 >-1000.0000 >-6086629.0000 >4488761.0000 The following projection file can be used when using ESRI's ArcGIS to view the GeoTIFF (any line breaks should be removed): PROJCS["NAD_1983_Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area",GEOGCS ["GCS_Sphere_ARC_INFO",DATUM["D_Sphere_ARC_INFO",SPHEROID ["Sphere_ARC_INFO",6370997.0,0.0]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0], UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION ["Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",0.0], PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian", -100.0],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",45.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]] Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Irregular Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: 166 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -4 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 83 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 15 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: biota Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Greenness Theme_Keyword: Vegetation Theme_Keyword: NDVI Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: USA Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of The United States, and Associated Areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Alaska Place_Keyword: Arizona Place_Keyword: Arkansas Place_Keyword: California Place_Keyword: Colorado Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: Delaware Place_Keyword: District of Columbia Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Georgia Place_Keyword: Idaho Place_Keyword: Illinois Place_Keyword: Indiana Place_Keyword: Iowa Place_Keyword: Kansas Place_Keyword: Kentucky Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Maine Place_Keyword: Maryland Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Minnesota Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Missouri Place_Keyword: Montana Place_Keyword: Nebraska Place_Keyword: Nevada Place_Keyword: New Hampshire Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: New Mexico Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: North Carolina Place_Keyword: North Dakota Place_Keyword: Ohio Place_Keyword: Oklahoma Place_Keyword: Oregon Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania Place_Keyword: Rhode Island Place_Keyword: South Carolina Place_Keyword: South Dakota Place_Keyword: Tennessee Place_Keyword: Texas Place_Keyword: Utah Place_Keyword: Vermont Place_Keyword: Virginia Place_Keyword: Washington Place_Keyword: West Virginia Place_Keyword: Wisconsin Place_Keyword: Wyoming Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None. Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States of America would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: John Hutchinson Contact_Organization: SAIC Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: USGS Center for EROS City: Sioux Falls State_or_Province: SD Postal_Code: 57198-0001 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6049 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: hutch@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: The original data were in 8-bit binary format. They were converted to GeoTIFF format for use in the National Atlas Map Maker. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Center for EROS, U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 200512 Title: Average Vegetation Growth 2003 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Online_Linkage: Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: No tests for logical consistency have been performed on this map layer. Completeness_Report: This map layer contains data for the conterminous United States and Alaska. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2003 Title: Conterminous United States Peak Vegetation Condition 2003 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Sioux Falls, SD Publisher: USGS Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: US_PVegCondition_03 Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2003 Title: Alaska Peak Vegetation Condition 2003 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Sioux Falls, SD Publisher: USGS Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: AK_PVegCondition_03 Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information Process_Step: Process_Description: Using Arc/INFO, the peak greenness images for Alaska and the conterminous United States (AK_PVegCondition_03 and US_PVegCondition_03) were reprojected to the same Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection centered at 100 degrees West longitude, 45 degrees North latitude. The two images were then combined using the Arc/INFO Merge command in Grid to produce one peak greenness image for the year. Adobe Photoshop was used to mask the image to the extent used for the National Atlas, and also to set the pixel value of water bodies and of areas with no data. The result was saved as a TIFF. The Photoshop TIFF's were ingested into Arc/INFO with the Imagegrid command, then saved with Gridimage to create the required input files for USGS custom GeoTIFF software. The Arc/INFO TIFF's were processed through the USGS software modules gtagrd and gtagwr to create the final, fully-compliant GeoTIFF files for distribution. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: US_PVegCondition_03 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: AK_PVegCondition_03 Process_Date: 200509 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 7273 Column_Count: 10366 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area: Longitude_of_Projection_Center: -100.00 Latitude_of_Projection_Center: 45.00 False_Easting: 0.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1000.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 1000.0 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: None Ellipsoid_Name: Sphere Semi-major_Axis: 6370997.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 1.0 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Peak greenness grid cell Entity_Type_Definition: Any of the data elements in the peak greenness file. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute: Attribute_Label: Peak greenness grid cell value Attribute_Definition: Values for greenness pixels range from 100 to 200. Lower values indicate areas of barren to sparsely vegetated land. Higher values indicate areas of vegetation, with the highest values indicating areas of abundant, healthy vegetation. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No data Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Water Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 100 Range_Domain_Maximum: 200 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 507 National Center City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747) Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5920 Contact_Instructions: In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices throughout the country. A full list of these offices is at . Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TIFF Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Fees: There is no charge for the map layer. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20060503 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peg Rawson Contact_Organization: National Atlas of the United States Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Address: MS-561 City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-4183 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: atlasmail@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None