Figure 1. North coast of Perú from Rio Chicama south to Rio Santa. [SRB - Santa Rita B archaeological site. Base from parts of the Otuzco, Salaverry, Santa, Santiago de Chuco, and Santa Rosa 1:50,000 quadrangles. Cu, copper; Pb, lead; Ag, silver; C, coal. d, degrees; s, seconds] [VIEW a better qualitity PDF file] |
Figure 2. Chrysocolla and ceramic fragment from mine at Cerro Aguascalientes. Sample BP700 -- copper content (9000 ppm), table 1. |
Figure 3. Angular stones outline work area at copper mine at Cerro Aguascalientes. White rocks to right are batanes (arrow), which are rounded stream cobbles used for crushing. Evidence of recent activity is shown by brick wall. Adits are immediately below these structures. |
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Sample no. |
Au | Cu | Pb | Zn | Ag | As | Hg | Sb | Comments | |
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Chan Chan | ||||||||||
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BP100 |
0.003 | 20 | 4 | 69 | 0.2 | 5 | 0.01 | 1 |
Tschudi "scoria" |
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Quartz veins | ||||||||||
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BP200 |
0.002 | 5 | 6 | 34 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.16 | 1 |
Cm sized quartz vein, low hills east of SRB |
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BP300 |
0.001 | 48 | 11 | 73 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.12 | 1 |
Cm sized quartz vein, low hills east of SRB |
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BP1000 |
0.001 | 38 | 19 | 51 | 0.2 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 |
Sheared volcanic rock, base of Cerro Cabra |
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BP1100 |
0.002 | 118 | 2 | 710 | 0.2 | 7 | 0.01 | 1 |
Cm quartz vein along shear, Cerro Cabra |
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BP1200 |
0.011 | 119 | 7 | 42 | 0.2 | 310 | 0.01 | 3 |
Vertical quartz vein, Km 503, Pan Am Highway |
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BP1300 |
0.004 | 51 | 54 | 126 | 0.6 | 9 | 0.02 | 1 |
Vertical quartz vein, Km 503, Pan Am Highway |
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BP1400 |
0.004 | 404 | 15 | 242 | 0.4 | 41 | 0.01 | 4 |
Vertical quartz vein, Km 503, Pan Am Highway |
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BP2100 |
0.001 | 52 | 1 | 14 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.01 | 2 |
Quartz vein, near Cerro La Cruz |
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Mina Cerro Aguascalientes | ||||||||||
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BP500 |
0.509 | 1460 | 67 | 700 | 5.7 | 310 | 0.47 | 179 |
Area sample from adit |
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BP600 |
0.420 | 416 | 22 | 123 | 3.9 | 44 | 0.35 | 148 |
Quartz vein in iron stained volcanic rock |
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BP700 |
0.010 | 9000 | 13 | 2500 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.09 | 2 |
Chrysocolla float |
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BP800 |
0.754 | 3150 | 140 | 2430 | 6.5 | 93 | 0.67 | 13 |
Area sample with oxide stain |
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BP2200 |
0.070 | 1.08% | 6 | 4130 | 0.4 | 6 | 0.03 | 3 |
Spot sample in adit |
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Colonial smelter -- near Chorobal | ||||||||||
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BP1500 |
0.001 | 87 | 1 | 78 | 0.2 | 3 | 0.01 | 5 |
"Scoria" |
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BP1600 |
0.046 | 26 | 2 | 13 | 0.2 | 114 | 0.03 | 6 |
Calcite for flux |
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BP1700 |
0.002 | 14 | 1 | 15 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.04 | 5 |
Quartz for flux |
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Cerro Durango | ||||||||||
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BP1900 |
0.023 | 5790 | 146 | 203 | 4.1 | 99 | 0.02 | 40 |
Polymetallic vein |
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BP2000 |
0.120 | 3.04% | 10 | 105 | 18.0 | 12 | 0.17 | 8 |
Polymetallic vein |
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Clay pit -- road to Chorobal | ||||||||||
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BP1800 |
0.015 | 333 | 27 | 216 | 0.5 | 22 | 0.05 | 3 |
Altered volcanic rock, clay quarry |
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Baños de Chimu -- Alto Chicama | ||||||||||
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BP3000 |
0.020 | 66 | 42 | 295 | 0.9 | 1060 | 0.23 | 55 |
Altered clastic rock near hot spring |
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Figure 4. Detail of N55°E/vertical, iron oxide stained quartz vein north of Chao, near Km 503 marker on the Pan American Highway. Sample BP1200 -- gold content (0.01 ppm), table 1. |
Figure 5. Quartz vein with iron oxide stain at Cerro Aguascalientes mine. Sample BP500 -- gold content (0.5 ppm), table 1. |
Figure 6. Polymetallic vein near Cerro Durango. Sample BP2000 -- silver content (18 ppm) and copper content (3.0 percent), table 1. |
Figure 7. Spanish colonial smelter near town of Chorobal, Chao Valley. |
Figure 8. Coal mine at Baños de Chimu, Alto Chicama. |
Figure 9. Domestic use of coal from Baños de Chimu, Alto Chicama. |
Figure 10. Coal briquette burner used to heat water in the town of Chao. |
Figure 11. Coal float found on the beach at Huanchaco, north of the city of Trujillo. Possibly transported by longshore currents from coal occurrences in the Rio Santa drainage, southeast of the city of Trujillo. |
Figure 12. Caballitos, or reed fishing boats, in use at Huanchaco beach, north of the city of Trujillo. |
Figure 13. Copper tweezers from Santa Rita B. |
Figure 14. Copper knife or tumi from Santa Rita B. |
Figure 15. Andesite cylinder that may have been used as an anvil for making metal foils, found near Santa Rita B. |