GLOSSARY AIR CARRIER AIR CARRIER: The commercial system of air transportation consisting of certificated air carriers, air taxis (including commuters), supplemental air carriers, commercial operators of large aircraft and air travel clubs. The following define several types of air carriers: o Certificated Air Carrier - One of a class of air carriers holding a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity issued by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) to conduct scheduled services interstate. Nonscheduled or charter operations may also be conducted by these carriers. These carriers operate large (30 seats or more for a maximum load of 7,500 pounds or more) in accordance with FAR Part 121. o Supplemental Air Carrier - One of a class of air carriers holding a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity issued by the U.S. DOT, authorizing performance of passenger and cargo interstate charter services supplementing the scheduled service of the certificated air carriers. The authority of supplemental A/C air carriers to engage in military charters is of an indefinite period. In addition, they can perform on an emergency basis, as may be authorized by the DOT, scheduled operations including the transportation of individually ticketed passengers and individually waybilled cargo. o Commercial Operator (of large aircraft) - One of a class of air carriers operating on a private for-hire basis, as distinguished from a public or common air carrier, holding a commercial operator certificate, issued by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration (pursuant to Part 45 of the Civil Air Regulations) authorizing it to operate (large) aircraft in air commerce for the transportation of goods or passengers for compensation or hire. o Air Travel Club - A person who engages in the carriage by airplanes of persons who are required to qualify for that carriage by payment of an assessment, dues, membership fee, or other similar types of remittance. AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT: As defined by the National Transportation Safety Board, an aircraft accident is "an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury as a result of being in or upon the aircraft or by direct contact with the aircraft or anything attached thereto, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage." AIRCRAFT REVENUE HOURS: The airborne hours in revenue service, computed from the moment an aircraft leaves the ground until it touches the ground again. AIRCRAFT REVENUE MILES: The miles (computed in airport-to-airport distances) for each interairport hop actually completed in revenue service, whether or not performed in accordance with the scheduled pattern. For this purpose, operation to a flag stop is a hop completed even though a landing is not actually made. In cases where the interairport distances are inapplicable, aircraft miles flown are determined by multiplying the normal cruising speed for the aircraft type by the airborne hours. AIR TAXI: The classification of air carriers that transport persons, property, and mail using small aircraft (under 30 seats or a maximum load of less than 7,500 pounds). An air taxi does not hold a Certificate of Public Convenience. ALL-CARGO CARRIER: One of a class of air carriers holding an All Cargo Air Service Certificate issued under section 418 of the Federal Aviation Act and certificated in accordance with FAR Part 121 to provide domestic air transportation of cargo. CERTIFICATE OF PUBLIC CONVENIENCE AND NECESSITY, "CC AND N": A certificate issued to an air carrier under Section 401 of the Federal Aviation Act, by the Department of Transportation, authorizing the carrier to engage in air transportation. COACH: Transport service established for the carriage of passengers at special reduced passenger fares that are predicated on both the operation of specifically designated aircraft space and a reduction in the quality of service regularly and ordinarily provided. COMMUTER AIR CARRIER: An air taxi operator who performs at least five round trips per week between two or more points and publishes flight schedules which specify the times, days of the week, and points between which such flights are performed. DOMESTIC OPERATIONS: Operations within and between the 50 States, District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It also encompasses Canadian transborder operations and for certain carriers, Mexican transborder operations. ECONOMY: Transport service established for the carriage of passengers at fares and quality of service below that of coach service. FATAL INJURY: Any injury that results in death within seven days of the accident. FIRST-CLASS: Transport service established for the carriage of passengers moving at either standard fares or premium fares, or at reduced fares not predicated upon the operation of specifically allocated aircraft space, and for whom standard or premium quality services are provided. FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT: Aircraft having nonrotating wings fixed to the airplane fuselage and outspread in flight. FOREIGN FLAG AIR CARRIER: An air carrier other than a U.S. flag carrier engaged in international air transportation. INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS: Operations outside the territory of the United States, including operations between the United States and foreign countries. Prior to January 1981, statistics for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands operations are included in the international category rather than domestic. Includes both the combination passenger/cargo carriers and the all-cargo carriers engaged in international and territorial operations. JET ENGINE: An engine which converts fuel and air into a fast-moving stream of hot gases which effect propulsion of the device of which the engine is a part. JET FUEL: Includes both naphtha-type and kerosene-type fuel meeting standards for use in aircraft turbine engines. Although most jet fuel is used in aircraft, some is used for other purposes such as for generating electricity in gas turbines. KEROSENE-BASE JET FUEL: A quality kerosene product with an average gravity of 40.7 degrees API and 10 to 90% distillation temperatures of 217 to 261 degrees C. Used primarily as fuel for commercial turbojet and turboprop aircraft engines. It is a relatively low freezing point distillate of the kerosene type. LARGE REGIONALS: Large certificated air carriers with annual operating revenues of $20,000,000 - $99,999,999 or that operate aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds, or that conduct international operations. Included in this group are Air Transport Int'l., American Int'l., Amerijet, Arrow, Aspen, Braniff Int'l., Carnival, Challenge Air Cargo, Executive Airlines, Express One, Flagship, Florida West, Key, Kiwi, MGM Grand, Northern Air, Reeve, Reno, Rich, Simmons, Sun Country, Trans Continental, Trans States and Zantop. Airlines in this category are subject to periodic changes. MAJORS: Large certificated air carriers with annual operating revenues of $1,000,000,000+ or that operate aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds, or that conduct international operations. Included in this group are America West, American, Continental, Delta, Eastern, Federal Express, Northwest, Pan American, Southwest, Trans World, United, and USAir. Airlines in this category are subject to periodic changes. MEDIUM REGIONALS: Large certificated air carriers with annual operating revenues of $0 - $19,999,999 or that operate aircraft with a seating of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds, or that conduct international operations. Included in this group are Aerial, Airline of the Americas, Airmark, AV Atlantic, Buffalo, Casino Express, Conner, Fine Airlines, Great American, Int'l. Cargo Xpress, Jet Fleet, Miami Air, Million, North American, Patriot, Private Jet, Ryan Int'l., Sierra Pacific, Spirit Air, Trans Air Link, Universal, Wilbur's, Worldwide, and Wrangler. Airlines in this category are subject to periodic changes. NAPHTHA-BASE JET FUEL: A fuel in the heavy naphtha boiling range with an average gravity of 52.8 degrees API and 10 to 90% distillation temperatures of 117 to 233 degrees C. Used for turbojet and turboprop aircraft engines, primarily by the military. Excludes ramjet and petroleum. NATIONALS: Large certificated air carriers with annual operating revenues of $100,000,000 - $1,000,000,000 or that operate aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds, or that conduct international operations. Included in this group are Air Wisconsin, Alaska, Aloha, American Trans Air, Emery, Evergreen, Hawaiian, Horizon Air, Markair, Midway, Midwest Express, Southern Air, Tower, United Parcel Service, USAir Shuttle, Westair, and World. Airlines in this category are subject to periodic changes. NONREVENUE FLIGHTS: Flights and flight stages involving training, test, technical, positioning for scheduled flights, ferry, company business, publicity and forced returns for which no remuneration is received. NONSCHEDULED FREIGHT: Property carried in charter operations. NONSCHEDULED SERVICE: Revenue flights, such as charter flights, not operated in regular scheduled service and all nonrevenue flights incident to such flights. OPERATING EXPENSES: Expenses incurred in the performance of air transportation. Includes direct aircraft operating expenses, ground, and indirect operating expenses. OPERATING REVENUES: Includes revenues from the performance of air transportation and transport related activities. See "Transport Related Revenues." OTHER TRANSPORT REVENUES: Miscellaneous revenues associated with air transportation performed by the air carrier, such as airline employees, officers and directors, or other persons, except ministers of religion who travel under reduced rated transportation; reservation cancellation fees; and other items not specified in other transport revenue accounts. PASSENGER-MILE: One passenger transported one mile (5,280 feet). Passenger-miles are computed by summation of the products of the aircraft miles flown on each interairport flight stage multiplied by the number of passengers carried on that flight stage. PASSENGER REVENUES: Revenues from the transportation of passengers by air. REVENUE: Pertaining to activities for which remuneration is received by the carrier. REVENUE PASSENGER: Person receiving air transportation for an air carrier for which remuneration is received by the carrier. Air carrier employees or others, except ministers of religion, elderly individuals and handicapped individuals, receiving air transportation against whom reduced rate charges (less than the applicable tariff) are levied are considered nonrevenue passengers. Infants for whom a token fare is charged are not counted as passengers. REVENUE PASSENGER ENPLANEMENTS: The total number of passengers boarding aircraft. REVENUE PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR: The percent that revenue passenger-miles are of available seat-miles in revenue passenger services, representing the proportion of aircraft seating capacity that is actually sold and utilized. REVENUE PASSENGER-MILE: One revenue passenger transported one mile (5,280 feet) in revenue service. Revenue passenger-miles are computed by summation of the products of the revenue aircraft-miles flown on each interairport hop multiplied by the number of revenue passengers carried on that hop. REVENUE PASSENGER TON-MILE: One ton of revenue passenger weight (including all baggage) transported one mile (5,280 feet). The passenger weight standard for both "Domestic" and "International" operations is 200 pounds. REVENUE TON-MILE: One ton of revenue traffic transported one mile (5,280 feet). REVENUE TON-MILE OF FREIGHT: One short ton of freight transported one mile (5,280 feet). Ton-miles are computed by summation of the products of the aircraft miles flown on each interairport flight stage multiplied by the number of tons carried on that flight stage. SCHEDULED SERVICE: Transport service operated pursuant to published flight schedules, including extra sections and related nonrevenue flights. SERIOUS INJURY: An injury on any aircraft that: o requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours commencing within seven days from the date when the injury was received; o results in a fracture of any bone except simple fractures of fingers, toes or nose; o involves a laceration which causes a severe hemorrhage, nerve, tendon or muscle damage; o involves injury to any internal organ; or o involves second- or third-degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5 percent of the body surface. TRANSPORT-RELATED EXPENSES: Expenses from services related to air transportation such as in-flight sales of liquor, food and other items; ground, restaurant and food services, rental expense as lessor, interchange sales, general service sales, mutual aid, substitute service and air cargo service (other than actual air movement). TRANSPORT-RELATED REVENUES: Revenues from transportation by air of all classes of traffic in scheduled and nonscheduled service, including the performance of charters. U.S. FLAG CARRIER OR AMERICAN FLAG CARRIER: One of a class of air carriers holding a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity issued by the DOT, approved by the President, authorizing scheduled operations over specified routes between the U.S. (and/or its territories) and one or more foreign countries. 14 CFR 121: Revenue operations of air carriers, commercial operators and deregulated all cargo carriers, using large aircraft. 14 CFR 135: Commuter air carriers (scheduled) and on-demand air taxi operators (unscheduled) revenue operations, using small aircraft. GENERAL AVIATION ACTIVE AIRCRAFT: All legally registered civil aircraft which flew one or more hours. AERIAL APPLICATION: Any use of an aircraft for work purposes which concerns the production of foods, fibers, and health control in which the aircraft is used in lieu of farm implements or ground vehicles for the particular task accomplished. This includes firefighting operations, the distribution of chemicals or seeds in agriculture, reforestation, or insect control. AERIAL OBSERVATION: Any use of an aircraft for aerial mapping/photography, survey, patrol, fish spotting, search and rescue, hunting, highway traffic advisory, or sightseeing, not included under Part 135. AIR TAXI: The classification of air carriers which transports persons, property, and mail using small aircraft (under 30 seats or a maximum payload capacity of less than 7,500 pounds). An air taxi does not hold a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity. AVIATION GASOLINE (AVGAS): All special grades of gasoline for use in aviation reciprocating engines, as given in ASTM Specification D 910. Includes all refinery products within the gasoline range that are to be marketed straight or in blends as aviation gasoline without further processing (i.e., any refinery operation except mechanical blending). Also includes finished components in the gasoline range which will be used for blending or compounding into aviation gasoline. BUSINESS: Use of an aircraft not for compensation or hire by individuals for the purposes of transportation required by business in which they are engaged. COMMUTER AIR CARRIER: An air taxi that performs at least five scheduled round trips per week between two or more points or carries mail. CORPORATE: Any use of an aircraft by a corporation, company, or other organization for the purposes of transporting its employees and/or property not for compensation or hire, and employing professional pilots for the operation of the aircraft. DEMAND AIR TAXI: Use of an aircraft operating under Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 135, passenger and cargo operations, including charter and excluding commuter air carrier. GENERAL AVIATION: That portion of civil aviation which encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers holding a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity issued by the DOT. INSTRUCTIONAL: Any use of an aircraft for the purpose of formal instruction with the flying instructor aboard, or with the maneuvers on the particular flight(s) specified by the flight instructor; excludes proficiency flying. PERSONAL: Any use of an aircraft for personal purposes not associated with a business or profession, and not for hire. This includes maintenance of pilot proficiency. RENTAL: Aircraft owned for the purpose of renting; commercial flying club, leased, and rental aircraft activity. OTHER WORK: Any aircraft used for construction work (not included under Part 135), helicopter, hoist, towing gliders, or parachuting. OTHER: Any other use of an aircraft not included in above, i.e., experimentation, R&D, testing, demonstration, government. HIGHWAY ARTERIAL: A major highway, primarily for through traffic, usually on a continuous route. FEDERAL EXPENDITURES: Intergovernmental payments to the State, District of Columbia, and local governments plus direct expenditures for capital outlay, maintenance, administration, and research. HIGHWAY TRUST FUND: This is a grant-in-aid type fund administered by the FHWA. That is, most funds for highway improvements are apportioned to States in accordance with formulas that give weight to population, area and mileage. INTERSTATE: Limited access divided facility of at least four lanes designated by the Federal Highway Administration as part of the Interstate System. LOCAL STREETS AND ROADS: Streets whose primary purpose is feeding higher order systems, providing direct access with little or no through traffic. MINOR ARTERIALS: Streets and highways linking cities and larger towns in rural areas in distributing trips to small geographic areas in urban areas (not penetrating identifiable neighborhoods). OTHER PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL: Major streets or highways, many with multilane or freeway design, serving high-volume traffic corridor movements that connect major generators of travel. ROADWAY: That part of a trafficway used for motor vehicle travel. RURAL MILEAGE: Roads outside city, municipal district, or urban boundaries. STATE AND LOCAL EXPENDITURES: Disbursements for capital outlay, maintenance and traffic surfaces, administration and research, highway law enforcement and safety, and interest on debt. TRAFFICWAY: The entire width between property lines, or other boundary lines, of every way or place, of which any part is open to the public for purposes of vehicular travel as a matter of right or custom. URBAN MILEAGE: Roads inside city, municipal district, or urban boundaries: includes extensions of the state primary system, and state secondary roads within delimited incorporated and unincorporated places, and mileage under local control; i.e., local city streets, roads, and public ways not under State control within such places. PEDALCYCLIST: Person on a vehicle that is powered solely by pedals. AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT: An accident is that occurrence in a sequence of events which usually produces unintended injury, death or property damage, on a trafficway or that occurs after the motor vehicle runs off the roadway but before events are stabilized. COMPACT CAR: An automobile industry designation usually consisting of cars with a wheelbase between 100 and 104 inches. FATAL MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC ACCIDENT: An accident that involves a motor vehicle in transport on a trafficway and in which at least one person dies within 30 days of the accident. FULL-SIZE CAR: An automobile industry designation usually consisting of cars with a wheelbase between 110 and 114 inches. INTERMEDIATE CAR: An automobile industry designation usually consisting of cars with a wheelbase between 105 and 109 inches. LARGE-SIZE CAR: An automobile industry designation usually consisting of cars with a wheelbase of greater than 114 inches. LOCAL RURAL ROADS: Streets outside urban boundaries other than principal arteries of travel. MAIN RURAL ROADS: Streets outside urban boundaries that are generally recognized as principal arteries of travel. MINI-SUBCOMPACT CAR: An automobile industry designation usually consisting of cars with a wheelbase of less than 95 inches. MOTORCYCLE: A two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle designed to transport one or two people. MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLE: A motor vehicle with motive power, except a trailer, designed to carry 10 persons or less which is constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation. NONOCCUPANT: Any person who is not an occupant of a motor vehicle in transport and includes: pedestrians, pedalcyclists, occupants of parked motor vehicles, and others such as joggers, skateboard riders, people riding on animals, and persons riding in animal-drawn conveyances. OCCUPANT: Any person who is in or upon a motor vehicle in transport and includes the driver, passengers, and persons riding on the exterior of a motor vehicle (e.g., a skateboard rider who is set in motion by holding onto a vehicle). PASSENGER: Any occupant of a motor vehicle who is not a driver. PASSENGER CAR: Any of the following types of motor vehicles: convertible; 2-door sedan, hardtop, coupe; 4-door sedan or hardtop, coupe; 3- or 5-door hatchback; automobile with pickup body; station wagon; and other small 4-wheel motor vehicles used primarily for carrying passengers. PASSENGER-MILES: This figure represents the total distance traveled by all passengers in passenger cars and taxis. One passenger traveling one mile (5,280 feet) generates one passenger-mile. PEDESTRIAN: Any person not traveling in or upon a motor vehicle or other vehicle. SUBCOMPACT CAR: An automobile industry designation usually consisting of cars with a wheelbase between 95 and 99. URBAN STREETS: Street within urban boundaries. VEHICLE-MILES: Automobile vehicle-miles are estimated by calculating the number of gallons of gas sold from gasoline tax receipts and multiplying by the average number of miles per gallon. VEHICLE-MILE (BY TYPE OF STREET): These figures represent the total number of miles traveled by passenger cars, taxis, and motorcycles on the different types of streets. One vehicle traveling one mile (5,280 feet) generates one vehicle-mile. BUS AVERAGE PASSENGER TRIP LENGTH: Calculated by dividing revenue passenger-miles by the number of revenue passengers. COMMERCIAL BUS: Any bus used to carry passengers at rates specified in tariffs; charges may be computed per passenger (as in regular route service) or per vehicle (as in charter service). INTERCITY BUS-CLASS I: An interstate motor carrier of passengers with an average annual gross revenue of at least $1,000,000 is defined by the ICC as a Class I carrier. INTERCITY BUS-TOTAL: This figure includes Class I, II, and III interstate carriers, all of which report to the Interstate Commerce Commission, and intrastate carriers. REVENUE PASSENGERS: Passengers on a commercial bus by or for whom a fare is paid. REVENUE PASSENGER-MILES: One revenue passenger carried one mile (5,280 feet) generates one passenger-mile. The revenue passenger-miles reported thus represent the total distance traveled by all bus passengers. SCHOOL BUS: A specific type of vehicle which independent of ownership or design, is used to transport children to and from school, or to and from school activities. SCHOOL BUS - RELATED ACCIDENT: Any accident in which a vehicle, regardless of body design, used as a school bus is directly or indirectly involved, such as an accident involving school children alighting from a vehicle. VEHICLE-MILE: One vehicle traveling one mile (5,280 feet) generates one vehicle-mile. Thus, total vehicle-miles is the total mileage traveled by all vehicles. TRUCK AVERAGE LENGTH OF HAUL (MILES): The total number of ton-miles divided by the total number of tons carried. COMBINATION TRUCKS: Consist of a power unit (a truck tractor) and one or two trailing units (a semi-trailer). The most frequently used combination is popularly referred to as a "tractor-semitrailer" or a "tractor trailer." GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT (GVW): The maximum rated capacity of a vehicle which includes the weight of the vehicle, all added equipment, driver and passengers, and load. HEAVY TRUCK: 1. Single-unit truck with GVW greater than 26,000 lbs; 2. Tractor-trailer combination; 3. Truck with cargo trailers; 4. Truck-tractor pulling no trailer. ICC-REGULATED CARRIER: A motor common carrier operating in interstate commerce under a grant of authority from the Interstate Commerce Commission and subject to its economic regulation. LIGHT TRUCK: Trucks under 10,000 lbs. GVW (e.g., pickups, vans, and station wagons). MEDIUM TRUCK: Any single-unit truck with GVW between 10,000 and 26,000 lbs. NON-ICC REGULATED CARRIER: A motor carrier not subject to the economic regulation of the ICC. The category includes intrastate carriers, private carriers hauling only the goods of their owners, and carriers of commodities, the transportation of which is exempt from ICC economic regulation. OCCUPANT: Any person who is in or upon a motor vehicle in transport and includes the driver, passengers and persons riding on the exterior of a motor vehicle (e.g., a skateboard rider set in motion by holding onto a vehicle). OPERATING EXPENSES: This includes expenditures for equipment maintenance, supervision, wages, fuel, equipment rental, terminal operations, insurance, safety, and administrative and general functions. OPERATING REVENUES OF CLASS I INTERCITY MOTOR CARRIERS: This term is defined by the ICC to include the five categories of revenue listed in the text. REVENUE: The total amounts received by carriers for transportation and other services. SINGLE-UNIT TRUCK (2-axle, 4-tire): Includes pickup trucks, panel trucks, vans, and other vehicles (such as campers, motor homes, etc.) TAXES ASSIGNABLE TO OPERATIONS: Includes the amount of federal, state, county, municipal, and other taxing district taxes which relate to motor carrier operations and property use therein (except income taxes on ordinary income). TON-MILES: The transportation of one short ton (2,000 lbs) of freight a distance of one mile (5,280 feet) generates one ton-mile. VEHICLE-MILES: This term includes miles operated by power units upon urban streets, main rural roads, and local rural roads. LOCAL TRANSIT COMMUTER RAIL: Those portions of "main-line railroad" (not "electric railway") transportation operations which encompass urban passenger train service for local travel between a central city and adjacent suburbs; commuter railroad service--using both locomotive-hauled and self-propelled railroad passenger cars--is characterized by multitrip tickets, specific station-to-station fares, railroad employment practices, and usually only one or two stations in the central business district. DEMAND RESPONSE VEHICLE: A type of non-fixed-route bus or van service characterized by passengers boarding and alighting at any location within the transit provider's service area. Vehicles pick up and discharge passengers at times requested by the passengers by prior arrangement, either by telephone for "dial-a-ride" service, or other prescheduling arrangements. FERRYBOAT: Passenger-carrying marine vessel providing frequent "bridge" service over a fixed-route and on a published time schedule between two or more points. HEAVY RAIL: A type of electric transit vehicle railway with the capacity for a "heavy volume" of traffic and characterized by exclusive rights-of-way, multicar trains, high speed and rapid acceleration, sophisticated signaling, and high platform loading. Also known as "subway," "elevated (railway)," or "metropolitan railway (metro)." LIGHT RAIL: A type of electric transit vehicle railway with a "light volume" traffic capacity compared to "heavy rail." Light rail may be on exclusive or shared rights-of-way, high or low platform loading, multicar trains or single cars, automated or manually operated. In generic usage, light rail includes "streetcars," "trolley cars," and "tramways"; in specific usage, light rail refers to very modern and more sophisticated developments of these older rail modes. MOTOR BUS: Rubber-tired, self-propelled, manually steered transit vehicle with fuel supply carried onboard the vehicle. Motor bus types include: Advanced Design Bus, Articulated Bus, Double Deck Bus, Intercity Bus, Medium Size Bus, New Look Bus, Sightseeing Bus, Small Bus, Standard-Size Bus, Suburban Bus, Transit Bus, and Van. OTHER REVENUE VEHICLES: Other modes of transit service such as cable cars, personal rapid transit systems of varying designs, monorail vehicles, inclined railway cars, etc., not covered otherwise. OPERATING EXPENSES: The total of all expenses associated with operation of an individual mode by a given operator. At the required level, total operating expense is reported on line 14 of Form 301 for a single mode system, and is derived from Form 310 for a multimode system. Operating expenses include distributions of "joint expenses" to individual modes, and exclude "reconciling items" such as interest expenses and depreciation. Do not confuse with þvehicle operations expenseþ. OPERATING REVENUE: Includes passenger revenue and revenue from charter and contract services. PASSENGER-MILE: The number of person-miles traveled by all passengers riding transit vehicles; one person traveling one mile aboard a transit vehicle is one passenger-mile. PASSENGER REVENUE: Fares, including transfer charges and zone charges, paid by transit passengers traveling aboard transit vehicles operating in regular fixed-route and special demand-response service; also known as "farebox revenue." Beginning in 1984, also includes fare revenue retained by contractors operating transit service and not turned over to transit system. RAIL RAPID TRANSIT: Transit vehicles operating over completely grade-separated exclusive right-of-way. The term rail rapid transit, also known as "rapid rail transit," applies to both operation of light rail vehicles over exclusive right-of-way and operation of heavy rail vehicles. REVENUE PASSENGERS: Single-vehicle transit rides by initial-board (first-ride) transit passengers only; excludes all transfer rides and all nonrevenue rides. REVENUE VEHICLE-MILES: One vehicle (bus, trolleybus, streetcar, etc.) traveling one mile (5,280 feet) while revenue passengers are on board generates one revenue vehicle-mile. The revenue vehicle-miles reported thus represent the total mileage traveled by vehicles in scheduled or unscheduled revenue-producing services. STREETCARS: Relatively lightweight passenger rail cars operating singly or in short trains or fixed rails in right-of-way that is not always separated from other traffic for much of the way. Streetcars do not necessarily have the right-of-way at grade crossings with other traffic. TROLLEYBUS: Rubber-tired electric transit vehicle, manually steered, propelled by a motor drawing current--normally through overhead wires--from a central power source not on board the vehicle. UNLINKED PASSENGER TRIPS: Transit trips taken by both initial-board (originating) and transfer (continuing) transit passengers; includes charter rides and special rides. Each passenger is counted each time that person boards a transit vehicle regardless of the type of fare paid or transfer presented. VANPOOL: A type of transit service in which passengers share a van with one passenger designated "driver." The route is "fixed," but varies as passengers change. Purchase, maintenance, and recruitment of passengers may be handled by a sponsoring transit system. Fares may be charged, or the cost may be divided as agreed by the passengers. VEHICLE MAINTENANCE EXPENSES: The inspection, maintenance and repair of vehicles, such as mechanics wages and fringe benefits, maintenance supplies, repair parts, outside maintenance and repair work. VEHICLE-MILES OPERATED: Sum of all miles operated in regular service, special service, and nonrevenue service by transit vehicles that carry passengers. When vehicles are operated in trains, each vehicle is counted separately, e.g., an eight-vehicle train operating for one mile equals eight vehicle miles. VEHICLE OPERATIONS EXPENSES: The costs associated with operating vehicles, such as operators' wages and fringe benefits, fuel, tires, and vehicle licensing. WATER TRANSPORT BULK CARRIER: Ships designed to carry dry bulk cargo. Includes ore/bulk/oil carriers and other combination bulk/oil, and ore/oil carriers. BUNKER C/NUMBER 6 FUEL OIL: A high viscosity oil used mostly by ships, industry, and large-scale heating installations. This heavy fuel requires preheating in the storage tank to permit pumping and additional preheating to permit atomizing at the burners. CASUALTY: Casualties involving commercial vessels are required to be reported to the Coast Guard whenever the casualty results in: o actual physical damage to property in excess of $25,000; o material damage affecting the seaworthiness or efficiency of a vessel; o stranding or grounding; o loss of life; or o injury causing any person to remain incapacitated for a period in excess of 72 hours, except injury to harbor workers not resulting in death and not resulting from vessel casualty or vessel equipment casualty. CLASS A CARRIERS BY INLAND AND COASTAL WATERWAYS: A Class A carrier by water is one with an average annual operation revenue that exceeds $500,000. CLASS B CARRIERS BY INLAND AND COASTAL WATERWAYS: A Class B carrier by water is one with an average annual operating revenue greater than $100,000 but less than $500,000. COASTWISE TRAFFIC: Domestic traffic is coastwise when it moves over the ocean, or the Gulf of Mexico; i.e., between New Orleans and Baltimore, New York and Puerto Rico, San Francisco and Hawaii, Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Traffic between Great Lakes ports and seacoast ports, when having a carriage over the ocean, is also deemed to be coastwise. The Chesapeake Bay and Puget Sound are considered internal bodies of water rather than arms of the ocean; traffic confined to these areas is deemed to be "internal" rather than coastwise. DEADWEIGHT TONNAGE: The carrying capacity of a vessel in long tons (2,240 pounds). It is the difference between the light ship weight and the displacement loaded. DOMESTIC FREIGHT: All waterborne commercial movements between points in the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, excluding traffic with the Panama Canal Zone. Cargo moved for the military in commercial vessels is reported as ordinary commercial cargo; military cargo moved in military vessels is omitted. DOMESTIC PASSENGER: Any person traveling on a public conveyance by water between points in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. DRY CARGO BARGES: Large flat-bottomed, non-self-propelled vessels used to transport dry bulk materials such as coal and ore. EXPORTS: Outbound international freight including re-export of foreign merchandise. FATALITY: All deaths and missing persons resulting from a vessel casualty. FREIGHTERS: General cargo carriers, full containerships, partial containerships, roll-on/roll-off (Ro-Ro) ships, and barge carriers. IMPORTS: Inbound international freight. INJURY: All personal injuries resulting from a vessel casualty. INLAND AND COASTAL WATERWAYS: INLAND AND COASTAL CHANNELS: These terms include the Atlantic Coast Waterways, the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, the New York State Barge Canal System, the Gulf Coast Waterways, the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, the Mississippi River System (including the Illinois Waterway), Pacific Coast Waterways, the Great Lakes, and all other channels (waterways) of the United States, exclusive of Alaska, that are usable for commercial navigation. INTERNAL TRAFFIC: Traffic is internal when the entire movement between ports or landings takes place on inland waterways. The following types of movements are also termed internal: movements involving carriage on both inland waterways and waters of the Great Lakes, inland movements that cross short stretches of open waters that link inland systems; marine products, sand and gravel taken directly from beds of the oceans, the Gulf of Mexico and important arms thereof, and movements between offshore installations and inland waterways. INTERNATIONAL (FOREIGN) FREIGHT: Movements between the United States and foreign countries and between Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and foreign countries. Trade between U.S. territories and possessions (i.e., Guam, Wake, American Samoa, etc.) and foreign countries is excluded. Traffic to or from the Panama Canal Zone is included. INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER: Any person traveling on a waterborne public conveyance between the United States and foreign countries and between Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and foreign countries. INTRATERRITORIAL TRAFFIC: Traffic between ports in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, which are considered as a single unit. LAKEWISE OR GREAT LAKES: These terms apply to traffic between U.S. ports on the Great Lakes system. The Great Lakes system is treated as a separate system rather than as a part of the inland system. LOCAL: Movements of freight within the confines of a port, whether the port has only one or several arms or channels, except car-ferry and general ferry, are termed "local." The term is also applied to marine products, sand, and gravel taken directly from the Great Lakes. MARITIME CARRIERS: Maritime carriers operate on the open sea; i.e., their operations must include a foreign or international component and may include a domestic component. MARITIME REVENUE: Revenue received for operations in international or foreign shipping. NON-SELF-PROPELLED: Vessels not containing within themselves the means for their own propulsion. NON-VESSEL-CASUALTY-RELATED DEATH: Death that occurs onboard a commercial vessel but not as a result of a vessel casualty, such as collision, fire, or explosion. PASSENGER/COMBINATION VESSELS: Ships with a capacity for 13 or more passengers. PASSENGER-MILE, INTERCITY: Moving one passenger one mile on a trip between two cities generates one intercity passenger mile. PASSENGER VESSELS: Domestic passenger service, other than short-haul ferry, is limited. However, two operators offer coastwise and river system cruises with small cruise vessels accommodating about 100 passengers each. One operator provides cruises within the Hawaiian Islands, using a refurbished trans-Atlantic passenger liner. The State of Alaska seasonally operates several large passenger/vehicle ferries between Seattle and points in southeastern Alaska, plus service between points in and around Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound. SELF-PROPELLED TOWBOAT: A compact, shallow-draft boat with a squared bow and towing "knees" for pushing tows of barges on inland waterways. SCOWS: Large, flat-bottomed non-self-propelled vessels used to transport sand, gravel, or refuse. TANKERS: Crude petroleum, petroleum product, and chemical tankers, LNG and LPG tankers, wine, molasses, and whaling tankers. TANKSHIP: Carries liquid cargo in bulk, stowed in cargo tanks within vessel hull. Cargo is pumped aboard by a shore terminal and unloaded using the vessel's installed pumping system. It is one of the largest and newest vessels used in domestic commerce, with sizes ranging from 16,000 to 190,000 deadweight tons. Commonly referred to as "tanker." Approximately 180 are presently in domestic service. TON-MILE: Moving one ton one mile (5,280 feet) generates one ton-mile. TONS OF FREIGHT HAULED: The figures for tons of freight hauled on domestic waterways include exports and imports. TUG: A strongly built, self-propelled boat used for towing and pushing. VESSEL-CASUALTY-RELATED DEATH: Death that occurs onboard a commercial vessel as a result of a vessel casualty, such as collision, fire, or explosion. WATERBORNE TRANSPORTATION: Transport of freight and/or people by commercial vessels under USCG jurisdiction. RECREATIONAL BOATING ACCIDENT: Occurrences involving recreational vessels or their equipment are required to be reported whenever they result in 1. a death; 2. a person is injured and requires medical treatment beyond first aid; 3. damage to the vessel and other property damage totaling more than $200; or 4. a person's disappearing from the vessel under circumstances indicating death or injury. FATALITY: All deaths (other than deaths by natural causes) and missing persons resulting from an occurrence that involves a vessel or its equipment. INJURY: All injuries meeting the criteria set forth above, resulting from an occurrence that involves a vessel or its equipment. RAILROAD AMTRAK (AMERICAN RAILROAD TRACKS): Operated by the National Railroad Passenger Corporation of Washington, D.C. This rail system was created by President Nixon in 1970 and was given the responsibility for the operation of intercity, as distinct from suburban, passenger trains between points designated by the Secretary of Transportation. AVERAGE HAUL: The average distance in miles that one ton is carried. It is computed by dividing the number of ton-miles generated by the number of tons carried to generate that number of ton-miles. AVERAGE PASSENGER TRIP LENGTH: Calculated by dividing the number of revenue passenger-miles by the number of revenue passengers carried. CAR-MILE: The movement of a car the distance of one mile (5,280 feet). CLASS I RAILROAD: A railroad with an annual operating revenue of greater than $93,500,000 effective January 1, 1990. The minimum annual operating revenue requirement is adjusted each year on January 1. FATALITY: 1. Death of any person from an injury within 365 days of the accident/incident; or 2. Death of a railroad employee from occupational illness within 365 days after the occupational illness was diagnosed by a physician. FREIGHT REVENUE: Revenue from the transportation of freight and from the exercise of transit, stop-off, diversion, and reconsignment privileges, as provided for in tariffs. INJURY: 1. Injury to any person other than a railroad employee that requires medical treatment; or 2. Injury to a railroad employee that requires medical treatment or results in restriction of work or motion for one or more workdays, one or more lost workdays, termination of employment, transfer to another job, or loss of consciousness. LINE MILEAGE: The aggregate length of roadway of all line-haul railroads. It does not include the mileage of yard tracks or sidings, nor does it reflect the fact that a mile of railroad may include two or more parallel tracks. Jointly-used track is counted only once. LOCOMOTIVE: Self-propelled units of equipment designed solely for moving other equipment. LOCOMOTIVE-MILE: The movement of a locomotive unit the distance of one mile (5,280 feet). NONTRESPASSERS: Persons who are lawfully on that part of railroad property that is used in railroad operation and persons adjacent to railroad premises and injured as the result of the operation of a railroad. OPERATING EXPENSE: Expenses of furnishing transportation service, including maintenance and depreciation of the plant used in the service. OPERATING REVENUE: The amount of money that a carrier receives from transportation operations. OTHER REVENUE: This is a general heading that includes revenues from miscellaneous operations (i.e., dining and bar car services), income from lease of road and equipment, miscellaneous rent income, income from nonoperating property, profit from separately operated properties, dividend income, interest income, income from sinking and other reserve funds, release or premium on funded debt, contributions from other companies, and other miscellaneous income. PASSENGER REVENUE: Revenue from the sale of tickets. PASSENGER TRAIN-CARS: Cars typically found in passenger trains include coaches, sleeping cars (formerly called Pullman cars), parlor cars, dining cars, lounge cars, baggage cars, crew-dormitory cars, and observation cars. RAIL-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSING: A location where one or more railroad tracks cross a public highway, road, or street or a private roadway at grade, including sidewalks and pathways at, or associated with, the crossing. RAIL-HIGHWAY GRADE-CROSSING ACCIDENT: Any impact between railroad on-track equipment and an automobile, bus, truck, motorcycle, bicycle, farm vehicle, or pedestrian, at a rail-highway grade crossing. RAIL MOTOR CARS: Self-propelled passenger rail cars which are driven by electric motors energized from an electrified roadway or by a generator driven by a diesel or gas turbine engine. REVENUE PASSENGERS CARRIED: Number of one-way trips made by persons holding tickets. REVENUE PASSENGER-MILE: One revenue passenger traveling one mile (5,280 feet) generates one revenue passenger-mile. The revenue passenger-miles reported thus represent the total distance traveled by all railroad passengers. REVENUE TON-MILES: The product of weight of the contents of a freight car in tons and the distance transported in miles; i.e., n tons moving m miles generate n x m revenue ton-miles. TRAIN ACCIDENT: A collision, derailment, fire, explosion, act of God, or other event involving operation of railroad on-track equipment which, while it does not necessarily result in a reportable death, injury, or illness, results in more than $4,900 in damages to railroad on-track equipment, signals, track, track structures, or roadbed. Prior to 1985, this threshold stood at $4,500; prior to 1983, at $3,700; prior to 1981, at $2,900. TRAIN-MILE: The movement of a train the distance of one mile (5,280 feet). TRESPASSERS: Persons who are on that part of railroad property used in railroad operation, and whose presence is prohibited, forbidden or unlawful. A person on a rail-highway grade crossing is classified as a trespasser if the crossing is protected by gates or other similar barriers which were closed when the person entered the crossing. He is also a trespasser if he attempts to pass over or under trains or cars at the crossings. RAIL RAPID TRANSIT ACCIDENT: Vehicle-only based incidents resulting from collision with a vehicle, object, or person (except suicides) or a derailment/left roadway. COLLISION WITH VEHICLE: An incident in which a transit vehicle strikes or is struck by another vehicle. Reports are made if the incident results in a death, injury, or property damage over $1,000. COLLISION WITH OBJECT: An incident in which a transit vehicle strikes an obstacle (e.g., shopping cart, building or utility pole) other than a vehicle or person. Reports are made if the incident results in a death, injury, or property damage of $1,000. COLLISION WITH PERSON: An incident in which a transit vehicle strikes a person. Except where indicated, it does not include suicide attempts. Reports are made if the incident results in a death, injury, or property damage of $1,000. DERAILMENT/LEFT ROADWAY: A noncollision incident in which a transit vehicle leaves the rails or road; this also includes rollovers. Reports are made for all occurrences. FATALITY: A transit-caused death confirmed within 30 days of a transit incident. INCIDENT: An unforeseen event which causes death, injury, fire, or property damage over $1,000. This includes all revenue vehicle operations and activities within transit facilities. INJURY: Any physical damage or harm to a person; there are no thresholds for reporting. PASSENGER ACCIDENT: A passenger-based combination of incidents related only to the use of a transit vehicle. These result from collision with a vehicle, object, or person (except suicides); a derailment/left roadway; personal casualty on vehicle; or personal casualty entering/exiting the vehicle. PERSONAL CASUALTY ON VEHICLE: An event in which people are hurt on a transit vehicle, but not as a result of a collision, derailment, or fire. PERSONAL CASUALTY ENTER/EXIT: An event in which people are hurt while getting on or off a transit vehicle, not a result of a collision, derailment, or fire (e.g., falls or door incidents). PERSONAL CASUALTY LIFTS: An event in which people are hurt while using a lift to get on or off a transit vehicle (not as a result of a collision, derailment, or fire). PERSONAL CASUALTY STATION/STOP: An event in which people are hurt while using a transit facility. This includes all people on transit property (workers, patrons, and trespassers), but not incidents resulting from illness or criminal activity. PERSONAL CASUALTY ESCALATOR: An event in which people are hurt while using an escalator in a transit facility. PROPERTY DAMAGE: The amount paid to restore or replace transit vehicles damaged by an accident. This does not include the cost of clearing wreckage. OIL PIPELINE AVERAGE LENGTH OF HAUL (miles): The total number of ton-miles divided by the total number of tons transported. BARREL (OIL): A volumetric unit of measurement equivalent to 42 U.S. standard gallons. COKE: The residue left by petroleum which has been distilled to dryness. CRUDE OIL: A mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in the liquid phase in natural underground reservoirs and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through surface-separating facilities. CRUDE OIL GATHERING LINES: A network of pipelines transporting crude oil from individual wells to compressor station, processing point, or main trunk pipeline. CRUDE OIL TRUNK LINES: One of three types of pipeline network that is used to transport crude oil to the refineries for processing. DISTILLATE FUEL OIL: The lighter fuel oils distilled off during the refining process. Included are products known as ASTM grades Nos. 1 and 2 heating oils, diesel fuels, and No. 4 fuel oil. The major uses of distillate fuel oils include heating, fuel for on- and off-highway diesel engines, and railroad diesel fuel. FERC-REGULATED PIPELINE: A pipeline company operating in interstate commerce under a grant of authorization from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and subject to economic regulation by the Commission. Such a pipeline company is required to report relevant statistics to the FERC. LIQUID TRANSMISSION: Pipelines carrying hazardous material, petroleum and petroleum products in liquid form. o Accident - Release of the commodity transported as presented in 49 CFR Section 195.50. o Fatality - Death resulting from the escape of liquid. o Injury - An injury requiring medical treatment other than on- site first aid. NO. 2 DISTILLATE FUEL OIL: A petroleum distillate which meets the specifications for No. 2 heating oil and/or the specifications for diesel fuel grade No. 2. NONREGULATED PIPELINE: A pipeline company not operating as a common carrier in interstate commerce, hence required neither to secure a grant of operating authority from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission nor to report to it. OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries including Saudi Arabia, Iran, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Gabon, Iraq, Kuwait, and Qatar. OPERATING EXPENSES: Expenditures necessarily made while providing services by which operating revenue is earned. OPERATING REVENUE: Revenue from the transportation of oil and from services incidental to such transportation. OTHER DISTILLATE FUEL OILS: All other refined petroleum products not included in any other category and which, when produced in conventional distillation operations, have a boiling range from 10% point at 167 degrees C to 90% point at 375 degrees C. Included are products known as No. 1 and No. 4 distillate fuel oils and diesel oils. PETROLEUM: A material occurring naturally in the earth and predominantly composed of mixtures of chemical compounds of carbon and hydrogen with or without other nonmetallic elements such as sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. Petroleum may contain, or be composed of, such compounds in the gaseous, liquid, and/or solid state, depending on the nature of these compounds and the existent conditions of temperature and pressure. PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION, ELECTRIC UTILITY SECTOR: Domestic demand for all fuel oils at electric utilities. PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION, INDUSTRIAL SECTOR: Domestic demand for petroleum products for use by establishments engaged in processing unfinished materials into another form or product. Excludes industrial space heating. PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION, "OTHER" SECTOR: Domestic demand for miscellaneous products and for some agricultural uses. PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION, RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL: Domestic demand for petroleum products by private households and nonmanufacturing establishments. Includes industrial space heating and road paving. PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION, TRANSPORTATION SECTOR: Domestic demand for petroleum products for on-highway use, aircraft and vessel bunkering, and railroad use. PIPELINE: All parts of those physical facilities through which gas is moved in transportation, including pipe, valves and other appurtenances attached to pipe, compressor units, metering stations, regulator stations, delivery stations, holders and fabricated assemblies. REFINED PRODUCT TRUNK LINES: One of three types of pipeline network that is used to transport refined petroleum products (i.e., gasoline, kerosene, residual oil, etc.) from the refineries to local distribution centers near large market areas. RESIDUAL FUEL OIL: The heavier oils that remain after the distillate fuel oils and lighter hydrocarbons are boiled off in refinery operations. Included are products known as ASTM grade Nos. 5 and 6 oil, heavy diesel oil, Navy Special Fuel Oil, Bunker C oil, and acid sludge and pitch used as refinery fuels. Residual fuel oil is used for the production of electric power, for heating, and for various industrial purposes. GAS PIPELINE GAS, DISTRIBUTION COMPANY: A company that obtains the major portion of its gas operating revenues from the operation of a retail gas distribution system, and which operates no transmission system other than incidental connections within its own system or the system of another company. A distribution company obtains at least 90 percent of its gas operating revenues from sales to ultimate customers and classifies at least 90 percent of mains (other than service pipe) as distribution. GAS, TRANSMISSION COMPANY: A company which obtains at least 90 percent of its gas operating revenues from sales for resale and/or transportation of gas for others and/or main line sales to industrial customers and classifies at least 90 percent of mains (other than service pipe) as field and gathering, storage and/or transmission. GAS TRANSMISSION: Pipelines transporting natural gas, flammable gas or gas which is toxic or corrosive in transmission or gather operations. o Accident - 1. An event that involves the release of gas from a pipeline or of liquefied natural gas or gas from an LNG facility resulting in a death, or personal injury necessitating in-patient hospitalization; or estimated property damage, including cost of gas lost, of the operator or others, or both, of $50,000 or more; 2. An event that results in an emergency shutdown of an LNG facility; or 3. an event that is significant, in the judgment of the operator, even though it did not meet the criteria of (1.) or (2.). o Fatality - Death resulting from the failure or escape of gas. o Injury - An injury involving lost time or other than on-site medical treatment. DISTRIBUTION MAINS: Generally, mains, services, and equipment that carry or control the supply of gas from the point of local supply to and including the sales meters. FIELD AND GATHERING PIPELINES: A network of pipelines (mains) transporting natural gas from the individual wells to a compressor station, processing point, or main trunk pipeline. LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS (LPG): A gas containing certain specific hydrocarbons which are gaseous under normal atmospheric conditions but can be liquefied under moderate pressure at normal temperatures. Propane and butane are the principal examples. MAINS: A distribution line that serves as a common source of supply for more than one gas service line. NATURAL GAS: A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in porous geologic formations beneath the earth's surface, often in association with petroleum. The principal constituent is methane. LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG): Natural gas that has been liquefied by reducing its temperature to -260oF at atmospheric pressure. REPRESSURING: Forcing gas, under pressure, into the oil reservoir in an attempt to increase the recovery of crude oil; also done with water. TRANSMISSION PIPELINE: Pipelines (mains) installed for the purpose of transmitting gas from a source or sources of supply to one or more distribution centers, or to one or more large-volume customers, or a pipeline installed to interconnect sources of supply. In typical cases, transmission lines differ from gas mains in that they operate at higher pressures, are longer, and the distance between connections is greater. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS FATALITY: Death that was due to a hazardous material. HAZARDOUS MATERIAL: A substance or material which has been designated by the Secretary of Transportation to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce, and which has been so designated. INCIDENT: Any unintentional release of hazardous material while in transit or storage. MAJOR INJURY: 1. Injuries requiring hospitalization; 2. Injuries involving second- or third-degree burns; or 3. Injury-related lost time at work of one or more days such as would be caused by inhalation of strong, irritating vapors are classified as major injuries. All other reported injuries are considered minor. ENERGY ASPHALT: A dark-brown-to-black cement-like material containing bitumens as the predominant constituents, obtained by petroleum processing. The definition includes crude asphalt as well as the following finished products; cements, fluxes, the asphalt content of emulsions (exclusive of water), and petroleum distillates blended with asphalt to make cutback asphalts. AVIATION GASOLINE, FINISHED: All special grades of gasoline for use in aviation reciprocating engines, as given in ASTM Specification D910. Excludes blending components that will be used in blending or compounding into finished aviation gasoline. BTU--BRITISH THERMAL UNIT: The heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by 1 o F at or near 39.2 o F. ELECTRIC UTILITY: A corporation, person, agency, authority, or other entity that owns or operates facilities for the generation, transmission, distribution, or sale of electricity, primarily for use by the public. ENERGY EFFICIENCY: In reference to transportation, the inverse of energy intensiveness: the ratio of outputs from a process to the energy inputs; for example, passenger-miles traveled (PMT) per gallon of fuel. FOSSIL FUELS: Any naturally occurring fuel of an organic nature such as coal, crude oil, or natural gas. GASOHOL: A blend of finished motor gasoline (leaded or unleaded) and alcohol (generally ethanol but sometimes methanol) in which 10 percent or more of the product is alcohol. GASOLINE: A refined petroleum product which, by its composition, is suitable for use as a fuel in internal combustion engines. MOTOR GASOLINE, FINISHED: A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons, with or without small quantities of additives, that have been blended to form a fuel suitable for use in spark-ignition engines and conforming to ASTM Specification D439. Included are the following: LEADED REGULAR: A gasoline that has an antiknock index of 89 with the use of lead additives or which contains more than 0.05 grams of lead per gallon or more than 0.05 grams of phosphorus per gallon. UNLEADED REGULAR: A gasoline having an antiknock index of 87 containing not more than 0.05 grams of lead per gallon and not more than 0.005 grams of phosphorus per gallon. LEADED PREMIUM: A gasoline having an antiknock index of 93 with the use of lead additives or which contains more than 0.05 grams of lead per gallon or more than 0.005 grams of phosphorus per gallon. Includes gasohol. UNLEADED PREMIUM: A gasoline having an antiknock index of 90 containing not more than 0.05 grams of lead per gallon and not more than 0.005 grams of phosphorus per gallon. Includes gasohol. PSI: Pounds per square inch. ROAD OIL: Any heavy petroleum oil, including residual asphaltic oil used as a dust palliative and surface treatment on roads and highways. It is generally produced in six grades from 0, the most liquid, to 5, the most viscous.