The red grain colour section has been revised considerably following a proposal for renaming the genes in set nomenclature (9558) and the availability of isogenic lines (9556) and mapping data (9551).

The section is reproduced here in its entirety.

Gene symbols have been reassigned as proposed at the 8th International Wheat Genetics Symposium (9557), with the former R2=R-A1, the former R3=R-B1, and the former R1=R-D1.

R-A1 [389] [R2].

3AL (680, 714). i: Novosibirskaya 67*9/Solo (9556).

R-B1 [389]. [R3].

3BL (714, 9551). i: Novosibirskaya 67*9/k-28536 (9556).

R-D1 [390]. [R1]

3DL (917, 919). i: Novosibirskaya 67*9/CS (9556).

R-N1 (9557).

3N (9557). su: CS/Ae. uniaristata.

R-R1 (9558).

6RL (9558). ad: Holdfast/King II.

R-V1 (1111).

3VL (1111). tvad: Creso/D. villosum.

A 3Ag chromosome from decaploid Ag. elongatum carries an allele for red grain colour that was transferred to Agent and the majority of Sears' 3D-3Ag translocations (660). This will be added to the series when its chromosomal location is known.

Red colour is dominant to white; at each locus, the white allele is assigned a and the red b. White-grained T. aestivum and amber-grained T.durum varieties carry recessive a alleles at each locus. White-grained CS*7/Kenya Farmer and CS*6/Timstein are considered near-isogenic to CS with R-D1.

Numerous genetic studies have identified hexaploid varieties carrying specified one, two, or all three R alleles:

R-A1b R-B1a R-D1a Diamant 2 (11); Norin 10 -Brevor 14 (20); Red Bobs (714); Sapphire; Wembley (9551); Baron; Hustler; Maris Widgeon; Mercia; Motto; Slejpner; Talent (9546).

R-A1a R-B1b R-D1a Dollar (9551); Canon; Grana; Supreme (9546).

R-A1a R-B1a R-D1b Chinese Spring; Pawnee (390); Alexandria; Jerico; Minaret (9551); Apollo; Axona; Dwarf A; Fortress; Longbow; Luna; Mardler; Maris Huntsman; NFC 75/93/27A; Rapier; Voyage; Vuka (9546).

R-A1b R-B1b R-D1a Red Chief (389); Avalon; Bers‚e; Cappelle Desprez; Feuvert; Mission; Parade; Rendezvous; Yuri (9551).

R-A1b R-B1a R-D1b Broom (9551); Bezostaya 1; Brigand; Brock; Kronjuwel (9546).

R-A1a R-B1b R-D1b Kharkov (714); Fenman; Norman; Pastiche; Riband; Sperber; Squadron; Urban (9546).

R-A1b R-B1b R-D1b Arin; Banco; Joel: Koga; Vilmorin 5917 (473); Bowie; Frondoso (816); Frontiera (305); Hope (157,158); Japanese Bearded (1134); Kanred (760, 1027); Lin Calel (760); Neepawa; Park; RL 4137 (44); PI 178383 (709); Renown (303); Thatcher (694); Cub; Tonic (9551); Ambassador; Boxer; Brimstone; Carmen; Cheyenne; Dauntless; Drum; Durin; Favorits; Fresco; Galahad; Haven; Hornet; Kador; NFC 70/84C; Probus; Rannyaya 12; Rektor; Sentry; Soleil (9546).

Other studies have identified wheats carrying either one or two, unidentified R-1 alleles: (44, 305, 390, 451, 472, 473, 760, 816, 955, 967, 1054, 9551).

The R-1 loci have been mapped to the distal regions of the long arms of group 3, R-A1 between flanking markers Xpsr483(Cxp1)-3A (28 cM proximal) and Xpsr904-3A (7 cM distal) (9551), R-B1 between Xbcd131-3B (5 cM proximal) and Xabc174-3B (5 cM distal), R-D1 between Xbcd131-3D (cosegregant) and Xabc174-3D (15 cM distal) (9546).

Response to vernalization

Add the following comment immediately prior to Vrn2: 'Vrn1 has been mapped to the mid region of 5AL, cosegregating with Xcdo504-5A, Xwg644-5A, and Xpsr426-5A (9542).'

Restorers for T.timopheevii cytoplasm

Rf1. 1AS (9511).

Rf4. 1BS (9511).

Rf6 (9523).

6AS [T6ALú6AS-6U] (9522). tr: Line 2114 (9522).

6BS [T6BLú6BS-6U] (9522). tr: Lines 040-5, 061-4 (9522).

Ribosomal RNA

5S rRNA genes

5S-Rrna-A1: Add '9587' as reference for 1AS.

5S-Rrna-A2: Add '9587' as reference for 5AS, add '208' as reference for CS and '208' and '9587' as references for T. monococcum.

Variegated Red Seed Coat

vg (9512). v: Line 10859 (9512).

vgvg genotypes in Line 10859 are variegated. The Vg/vg locus was independent of the single red gene locus in Line 10859. In a cross to Selkirk (R1R1 R2R2 R3R3), vgvg was expressed only in plants with one R gene (9512).

Reaction to Pests and Diseases

Reaction to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus

Bdv1 (977,981). i: Jupeteco 73R (compared to Jupeteco 73S)(977).

v: Many CIMMYT genotypes, see Lr34/Yr18/Ltn.

Reaction to Erysiphe graminis

Pm7. Revised to: T4BS.4BL-5RL (9506), but more recently shown to be T4BS.4BL-2RL (9539).

Pm20. v: KS93WGRC28 = P1 (9402, 9528).

6RL. su: 6R(6D) (9506).

ad: 6R addition (9506).

Pm21 (9501).

6AS (T6ALú6VS). v: 5 independent translocations (9501).

Reaction to Diuraphis noxia

Dn1. 7D (9526).

Reaction to Heterodera avenae

Cre1. Cre (996).

Cre2 (9510). v: H93-8 (9510). Derived from Ae. ventricosa (9510).

Cre3. CcnD1 (9513), Ccn-D1 (9514).

2DL (9514). v: Synthetic hexaploids (9513).

dv: T. tauschii accessions AUS 18912 (9514); AUS 18913 (9514; CPI110809 (9513); CPI 110810 (9514).

Cre4. CcnD2 (9513), Ccn-D2 (1914).

2D (9514). dv: T. tauschii accessions AUS 18914

(9513); CPI 110813 (9514).

Resistance to Puccinia graminis

Sr25. 7DL[T7DS.7DL-7Ae#1L (9508, 9509)].

v: Mutant 28 (9508).

Sr26. 6AL [T6A.ú6AL-6Ae#1L (9508)].

Sr33. 1DS (9505).

Sr42 (9529).

6DS (9525) v: Norin 40 (9525).

Sr43. 7DL [T7DL-7e1`2`Lú7el`2`S] (9509).

tr: KS10-2 (471).

[T7DSú7el`2`L] (9509).

tr: KS23-9; KS24-1; KS24-2 (471).

Reaction to Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm.

Lr1. v: Laura Lr10 Lr34 (9530).

Add the following comment at the end of the Lr9 listing:

'A resistant Lr9 allele has been mapped in the distal region of 6BL, cosegregating with Xmwg684-6B and the STS Xsfr1, 8 cM from Xpsr546-6B (9552).'

Lr10. v: Laura Lr1 Lr34 (9530).

Lr13. v: Biggar Lr14a (9530); Genesis Lr14a (9530). Kenyon Lr16 (9533).

Lr14a. v: Biggar Lr13 (9530); Genesis Lr13 (9530).

Lr16. v: Kenyon Lr13 (9533).

Lr19. 7DL [T7DS.7DL-7Ae#1L (9508,9509)].

v: Mutant 28 (429).

[T7DS.7DL-7Ae#1-7DL (9508)].

v: Mutant 238 (489).

Lr25. Revised to T4BS.4BL-5RL (9506), but more recently shown to be T4BS.4BL-2RL (9539).

Lr34. 7DS (9532). v: Laura Lr1 Lr10 (9530).

Although the resistance gene in the near-isogenic Thatcher line, RL6077, was considered to be Lr34 on the basis of disease response, leaf tip necrosis, and its association with resistance to stripe rust, a cross with RL6058 segregated for two genes. A translocation to another chromosome was suggested (9532).

Lr37. Recessive (9529).

Lr43. 7D (9504).

Lr45 (9524). 2A [T2AS-2RS.2RL] (9524).

i: RL6144 = Thatcher*7/ST-1 (9524).

v: ST-1 (9524). Various Australian

backcross derivatives (9524).

Complex genotype: Buck Manantial Lr3 Lr13 Lr16 Lr17 Lr34? (9533).

Pasqua Lr11 Lr13 Lr14b Lr30 Lr34 (9534).

Temporary designation: LrW2 (9503).

Genotype lists: Add: 9515 (U.S.A. cultivars).

At the end of the 'Reaction to Puccinia recondita' section, add the following comment:

'A gene, identified only as Lr, has been transferred to wheat chromosome 2AS from 6Mv (9545). Cosegregating markers are Xpsr933-2A and Xpsr150-2A.'

Reaction to Puccinia striiformis

Yr6. v: Penjamo 62 (heterogeneous) Yr34 (9536).

Yr18. 7DS (9532 - complete association with Lr34).

v: Lerma Rojo 64 (9535); Nacarzani 76

(9535); Tesia 79 (9535);

Tonichi 81 (9535); Wheaton (9535).

Penjamo 62 Yr6 (heterogeneous) (9535).

Yr19 (9527). YrCom (9527).

5B (9527). v: Compair Yr8 (9527).

Yr20 (9527). YrFie (141).

6D (9527). v: Fielder Yr6 (9527).

Yr21 (9527). YrLem (141).

1B (9527). v: Lemhi (9527).

Yr22 (9527). YrLe1 (9527).

4D (9527). v: Lee Yr7 Yr23 (9527).

Yr23 (9527). YrLe2 (9527).

6D (9527). v: Lee Yr7 Yr22 (9527).