Catalogue Query Results
Icerya purchasi citriperda HempelNOMENCLATURE:
Icerya purchasi citriperda Hempel, 1920a: 337. Type data: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo State, Soccoro, Jundiahy, Campinas, Jahu, Sorocaba, on oranges, roses and many other host plants. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Sao Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil; type no. 20083. Described: female.
HOSTS: Rosaceae: Rosa [Hempel1920a]. Rutaceae: Citrus [Hempel1920a].
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Brazil (Sao Paulo [Hempel1920a]).
GENERAL REMARKS: Description of adult female by Hempel (1920a).
SYSTEMATICS: Hempel (1920a) indicated that this sub-species differed from the nominal species in the colour of the dorsum, the larger size, especially of the ovisac, and in the number of the dark hairs composing the marginal tufts of the body.
CITATIONS: BenDov2005a [taxonomy, host, distribution, catalogue: 207]; Foldi2001a [taxonomy: 203]; Hempel1920 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution, economic importance: 112-114]; Hempel1920a [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 337-339, 361-363]; Morris1928 [taxonomy: 208, 223, 226].
Icerya purchasi crawii CockerellNOMENCLATURE:
Icerya purchasi crawii Cockerell, 1897n: 94. Type data: USA: California, locality not indicated, on Citrus, collected Alex Craw. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female.
HOST: Rutaceae: Citrus [Cocker1897n].
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: United States of America (California [Cocker1897n]).
GENERAL REMARKS: Description of adult female by Cockerell (1897n).
CITATIONS: BenDov2005a [taxonomy, host, distribution, catalogue: 207]; Cocker1897n [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 94]; Cocker1899n [taxonomy, distribution: 4]; Cocker1914b [host, distribution: 335]; Fernal1903b [catalogue: 27]; Foldi2001a [taxonomy: 203]; Lindin1907a [taxonomy: 20]; Morris1928 [taxonomy: 208, 209, 223, 226]; Willia1985a [taxonomy: 217].
Icerya purchasi maskelli CockerellNOMENCLATURE:
Icerya purchasi maskelli Cockerell, 1897n: 94. Type data: USA: California, locality not indicated, on Citrus, collected by Alex Craw. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female.
HOST: Rutaceae: Citrus [Cocker1897n].
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: United States of America (California [Cocker1897n]).
GENERAL REMARKS: Description of adult female by Cockerell (1897n).
CITATIONS: BenDov2005a [taxonomy, host, distribution, catalogue: 207]; Cocker1897n [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 94]; Cocker1899n [taxonomy, distribution: 4]; Fernal1903b [catalogue: 27]; Foldi2001a [taxonomy: 203]; Morris1928 [taxonomy: 208-209, 225, 226]; TownseCo1898 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 166-167]; Willia1985a [taxonomy: 217].
Icerya purchasi purchasi MaskellNOMENCLATURE:
Icerya purchasi Maskell, 1879: 221. Type data: NEW ZEALAND: Auckland, on kangaroo acacia [=Acacia sp.]; collected by Dr. Purchas. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand. Described: female. Illust.
Iceria purchasi; Kiritchenko, 1932a: 253. Misspelling of genus name.
Pericerya purchasi; Silvestri, 1939: 649. Change of combination.
Acerya purchasi; Rao, 1943: 246. Misspelling of genus name.
Icerya pulchasi; Chou, 1947a: 30, 39. Misspelling of species name.
Iceria purchasi; Kaussari, 1957: 2. Misspelling of genus name.
Perycerya purchasi; Gomez-Menor Ortega, 1957: 86. Misspelling of genus name.
Peryceria purchasi; Gomez-Menor Ortega, 1960: 204. Misspelling of genus name.
Perycerya purchasi; Gomez-Menor Ortega, 1965: 114. Misspelling of genus name.
Ycerya purchasi; Hadzibejli, 1983: 266. Misspelling of genus name.
Preicerya purchsi; Hadzibejli, 1983: 55. Misspelling of genus and species names.
COMMON NAMES: Australian fluted scale [Hall1922]; Australische wollschildlaus [SchmutKlLu1957]; citrus fluted scale [Bodenh1951a]; cochenille australienne [SchmutKlLu1957]; cochinilla acanalada de Australia [Lizery1938]; conchuela acanalada de los citricos [Gonzal1989]; cottony cushion scale [DeitzTo1980, Gill1993]; escama algodonosa [QuezadCoDi1972]; escama australiana [QuezadCoDi1972]; fluted scale [DeitzTo1980]; pulgao branco da laranjeira [FonsecAu1938]; white scale [Marlat1897].
FOES: COLEOPTERA : Tolsphorus circumdatus [Jashen1999b]. Coccinellidae: Chilocorus bipustulatus L. [ArgyriStMo1976], Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant [PuttarCh1957, Jashen1999b], Hippodamia [Jashen1999b], Leis (Coccinella) conformis [Jashen1999b], Pullus gratiosus Weise [PuttarCh1957], Rodolia amabilis Kapur [PuttarCh1957], Rodolia breviuscula Weise [PuttarCh1957], Rodolia cardinalis Mulsant [Fuller1899, BrainKe1917, Kuwana1931b, Lizery1938, Zimmer1948, QuezadDe1973, MoraleHi1990], Rodolia iceryae Jenson [MendelBl1991, Jashen1999b], Rodolia limbata [Jashen1999b]. Nitidulidae: Scymnus fagus [Jashen1999b], Scymnus (Pullus) canariensis [Jashen1999b]. DIPTERA Cryptochaetidae: Cryptochaetum iceryae Williston [Flande1953a, QuezadDe1973, Bartle1978c, Cadahi1984, MendelBl1991, Jashen1999b], Cryptochaetum monophlebi Skuse [Ghesqu1943, Jashen1999b]. Phoridae: Syneura infraposita Borgm. [Autuor1928]. HEMIPTERA Anthocoridae: Cardiastethus nazarenus Reuter [TawfikAwSw1976]. HYMENOPTERA Aphelinidae: Ablerus molestus Blanchard [Noyes2004], Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) [Noyes2004], Coccophagus scutellaris (Dalman) [Noyes2004], Euryischia [Noyes2004]. Encyrtidae: Brethesiella abnormicornis (Girault) [Noyes2004], Brethesiella latifrons (Timberlake) [Noyes2004, TrjapiTr2006], Cheiloneurus pulvinariae Dozier [Noyes2004], Homosemion bennetti Annecke [Noyes2004], Isodromus iceryae Howard [Noyes2004], Lamennaisia ambigua (Nees) [Noyes2004], Tetracnemoidea brevicornis (Girault) [Noyes2004]. Eulophidae: Entedon cocquilleti Riley [Noyes2004]. Mymaridae: Alaptus iceryae Riley [Noyes2004]. Pteromalidae: Ophelosia crawfordi Riley [Noyes2004], Ophelosia hypatia Girault [Noyes2004], Parasaphodes townsendi (Ashmead) [Noyes2004]. LEPIDOPTERA : Laetilia coccidivora [Jashen1999b]. NEUROPTERA Chrysopidae: Chrysopa matsumurae Okamoto [Kuwana1922a, Jashen1999b], Chrysopa sapporensis [Jashen1999b], Chrysopa septempunctata [Jashen1999b], Chrysopa ventralis [Jashen1999b]. THYSANOPTERA : Megalothrips [Jashen1999b].
HOSTS: Aceraceae: Acer [Morale1991], Acer negundo [MatileLeRi1999]. Anacardiaceae: Schinus [Hall1923]. Apocynaceae: Vinca minor [Martin1985]. Araliaceae: Fatsia japonica [Morale1991], Hedera helix [Martin1985]. Arecaceae: Hedyscepe canterburyana [Morale1991]. Asclepiadaceae: Stapelia variegata [Martin1985]. Asteraceae: Acanthospermum hispidum [Rao1951a], Artemisia glutinosa [GomezM1957, Martin1985], Artemisia gorgonum [VanHarCoWi1990], Aster novi belgii [Hall1923], Bidens humilis [Rao1951a], Chrysanthemum coronarium [Hall1923], Sonchus tenerrimus [Martin1985]. Berberidaceae: Berberis canadensis [MatileLeRi1999]. Bignoniaceae: Tecoma smithii [Hall1923]. Buxaceae: Buxus sempervirens [Rao1951a, Martin1985, MatileLeRi1999]. Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera periclymenum [Hall1923], Viburnum rhytidophyllum [MatileLeRi1999]. Casuarinaceae: Casuarina [Beards1966], Casuarina equisetifolia [Hall1923, Hoffma1932, Rao1951a]. Cistaceae: Cistus rosmarinifolius [GomezM1957, Martin1985], Cistus salviaefolius [GomezM1954, Martin1985]. Cornaceae: Cornus mas [MatileLeRi1999]. Euphorbiaceae: Acalypha [Hall1922], Excoecaria [WilliaWa1990], Phyllanthus [Hall1922], Phyllanthus reticulatus [Rao1951a]. Fabaceae: Acacia [Maskel1879, Fuller1899, Martin1985, Gonzal1989, Morale1991], Acacia arabica [Hall1922], Acacia baileyana [Prasad1992], Acacia dealbata [Hadzib1983, Martin1985, Foldi2000], Acacia elata [Rao1951a], Acacia floribunda [Martin1985], Albizia julibrissin [Hadzib1983], Albizia neumaniana [Martin1985], Amorpha fructicosa [Hadzib1983, MatileLeRi1999], Amorpha nana [Martin1985], Bauhinia [Hall1922], Cajanus cajan [Hall1922, Hadzib1983, WilliaWa1990], Cassia didymobotrya [Rao1951a], Cytisus [Gonzal1989], Cytisus scoparius [Kuwana1922a], Dalbergia sissoo [Hall1923], Desmodium rufescens [Rao1951a], Glycine soja [Kuwana1922a], Indigofera anil [WilliaWa1990], Indigofera tinctoria [Kuwana1922a], Jacaranda mimosaefolia [Hall1922], Lespedeza [Kuwana1922a], Mimosa [Martin1985, WilliaWa1990], Mimosa pudica [WilliaWa1990], Parkinsonia aculeata [VanHarCoWi1990], Parkinsonia digitata [GomezM1968, Martin1985], Robinia pseudacacia [Martin1985], Sarothamnus scoparium [Martin1985], Spartium [Gonzal1989], Spartium junceum [Martin1985], Tamarindus [Martin1985], Templetonia [Fuller1897b], Tephrosia vogelii [Rao1951a], Ulex [Gonzal1989, Morale1991]. Geraniaceae: Geranium [Martin1985]. Goodeniaceae: Scaevola frutescens [Beards1966]. Hydrangaceae: Deutzia magnigica [MatileLeRi1999]. Lamiaceae: Salvia [Hall1922]. Lauraceae: Laurus maderensis [Martin1985], Laurus nobilis [Hadzib1983, Martin1985]. Malvaceae: Althaea rosea [Hall1922]. Moraceae: Ficus [Hall1922], Ficus carica [PerezGCa1987], Ficus gnaphalocarpa [VanHarCoWi1990], Morus alba [Kuwana1922a]. Myoporaceae: Myoporum [Martin1985], Myoporum pictum [GomezM1968, Martin1985]. Myrtaceae: Psidium guajava [PerezGCa1987]. Nandinaceae: Nandina domestica [Kuwana1922a]. Oleaceae: Forsythia suspensa [MatileLeRi1999], Jasminum nudiflorum [MatileLeRi1999]. Pinaceae: Pinus caribaea [WilliaWa1990]. Pittosporaceae: Bursaria spinosa [Rao1951a], Pittosporum [Hall1922, Morale1991], Pittosporum coriaceum [GomezM1968, Martin1985]. Plumbaginaceae: Plumbago capensis [Rao1951a], Plumbago zeylanica [Rao1951a]. Podocarpaceae: Podocarpus macrophylla [Kuwana1931b]. Punicaceae: Punica granatum [Hall1922]. Rosaceae: Cotoneaster dammeri [MatileLeRi1999], Cotoneaster francheti [MatileLeRi1999], Cotoneaster horizontalis [MatileLeRi1999], Malus [Morale1991], Prunus padus [MatileLeRi1999], Pyrus communis [Hall1923, PerezGCa1987], Pyrus malus [Kuwana1922a, Hall1923], Pyrus sinensis [Kuwana1922a], Rosa [SeabraVa1918, Hall1922], Rosa centifolia [Martin1985], Sorbaria sorbifolia [MatileLeRi1999], Spiraea prunifolia [MatileLeRi1999]. Rutaceae: Choisya ternata [MatileLeRi1999], Citrus [Fuller1899, Hempel1918, Kuwana1931b, Fullaw1946, Hadzib1983, WilliaWa1990, UygunSeEr1998], Citrus aurantium [Martin1985, PerezGCa1987], Citrus grandis [WilliaWa1990], Citrus limon [Hall1922, Martin1985, PerezGCa1987, WilliaWa1990], Citrus reticulata [Hall1922, WilliaWa1990], Citrus sinensis [WilliaWa1990], Clausena villedenovii [Rao1951a], Murraya exotica [Kuwana1931b], Poncirus trifoliatus [MatileLeRi1999]. Salicaceae: Salix babylonica [Hall1923]. Scrophulariaceae: Sopubia delphinifolia [Rao1951a]. Smilacaceae: Smilax [GomezM1954, Martin1985], Smilax aspera [Rungs1939a]. Sterculiaceae: Theobroma cacao [Castel1962]. Tamaricaceae: Tamarix africana [MatileLeRi1999], Tamarix gallica [GomezM1968, Martin1985], Tamarix tetrandra [MatileLeRi1999]. Thymelaeaceae: Daphne [Martin1985]. Umbelliferae: Foeniculum vulgaris [GomezM1954, Martin1985]. Urticaceae: Parietaria officinalis [GomezM1957, Martin1985]. Verbenaceae: Lantana camara [WilliaWa1990]. Vitaceae: Vitis vinifera [Bodenh1953a, Hadzib1983].
DISTRIBUTION: Afrotropical: Angola [CABI1971a]; Ascension Island [WilliaMe2007]; Cape Verde [CABI1971a, Fernan1973a, SchmutPiKl1978, VanHarCoWi1990]; Ethiopia [CABI1971a]; Kenya [CABI1971a]; Madagascar [CABI1971a]; Malawi; Mauritius [CABI1971a]; Mozambique [CABI1971a]; Saint Helena [CABI1971a]; Sao Tome and Principe (Sao Tome [SeabraVa1918, Seabra1921]); Senegal [CABI1971a]; Somalia [CABI1971a]; South Africa [Howard1908, Brain1915, BrainKe1917]; Sudan [CABI1971a]; Tanzania [CABI1971a]; Togo [CABI1971a]; Uganda [CABI1971a]; Yemen [CABI1971a, FoldiVa2004]; Zaire [CABI1971a]; Zambia [CABI1971a]; Zanzibar [Newste1913]; Zimbabwe [Hodgso1969c, CABI1971a]. Australasian: Australia (New South Wales [CABI1971a], Queensland [CABI1971a], South Australia [CABI1971a, Prasad1992], Tasmania [CABI1971a], Western Australia [Fuller1897b]); Bonin Islands (=Ogasawara-Gunto) [Kawai1987]; Christmas Island [CABI1971a]; Federated States of Micronesia (Caroline Islands [Beards1966, CABI1971a]); Fiji [CABI1971a, WilliaWa1990]; French Polynesia [WilliaWa1990]; Guam [Fullaw1946, Beards1966]; Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii [Zimmer1948], Kauai [CABI1971a], Maui [CABI1971a], Molokai [CABI1971a], Oahu [CABI1971a]); Johnston Island [CABI1971a]; Line Islands [CABI1971a]; Lord Howe Island [CABI1971a, WilliaWa1990]; Marshall Islands [Beards1966, CABI1971a]; Midway Islands [CABI1971a]; New Caledonia [CABI1971a]; New Zealand (North Island [Cottie1939, Morale1991], South Island [Cottie1939, Morale1991]); Norfolk Island [WilliaWa1990]; Papua New Guinea [WilliaWa1990]; Solomon Islands [CABI1971a, WilliaWa1990]; Tonga [CABI1971a, WilliaWa1990]; Wake Island [Beards1966, CABI1971a]. Nearctic: Mexico [Cocker1899n] (Guerrero [Foldi1995a], Sonora [CABI1971a], Veracruz [CABI1971a]); United States of America (Alabama [CABI1971a], Arizona [CABI1971a], California [CABI1971a, Gill1993, Koszta1996], Florida [CABI1971a, Koszta1996], Georgia [CABI1971a], Louisiana [CABI1971a], Mississippi [CABI1971a], Montana [CABI1971a], New Mexico [CABI1971a], North Carolina [CABI1971a], Oklahoma [CABI1971a], South Carolina [CABI1971a], Virginia [CABI1971a, Koszta1996]). Neotropical: Antigua and Barbuda (Antigua [CABI1971a]); Argentina [Lizery1938, CABI1971a] (Tucuman [GranarCl2003]); Bahamas [CABI1971a]; Barbados [CABI1971a]; Bermuda [CABI1971a]; Bolivia [CABI1971a]; Brazil (Amazonas [CABI1971a], Bahia [CABI1971a], Ceara [CABI1971a], Espirito Santo [CulikMaVe2007], Minas Gerais [CABI1971a], Paraiba [CABI1971a], Parana [CABI1971a], Pernambuco [CABI1971a], Piaui [CABI1971a], Rio Grande do Sul [CABI1971a], Rio de Janeiro [CABI1971a], Santa Catarina [CABI1971a], Sao Paulo [Hempel1918]); Chile [CABI1971a, Gonzal1989]; Colombia [CABI1971a]; Cuba [CABI1971a]; Dominican Republic [CABI1971a]; Ecuador [CABI1971a]; El Salvador [CABI1971a, QuezadCoDi1972]; French Guiana [Remill1988]; Galapagos Islands [RoqueACa1999, RoqueA2003, CaustoPeSi2006]; Guatemala [CABI1971a]; Haiti [PerezG2008]; Martinique [CABI1971a]; Mexico (Chiapas [Foldi1995a]); Montserrat [CABI1971a]; Paraguay [CABI1971a]; Peru [Lindin1942, Beders1969, CABI1971a]; Puerto Rico & Vieques Island (Puerto Rico [Hoffma1932, CABI1971a, Martor1976]); Saint Lucia [CABI1971a]; Saint Martin & St. Barthelemy (Saint Barthelemy [CABI1971a, MatileEt2006]); Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad [CABI1971a]); Uruguay [Lizery1938, CABI1971a]; Venezuela [CABI1971a]. Oriental: China (Guangdong (=Kwangtung) [CABI1971a], Guangxi (=Kwangsi) [CABI1971a], Hubei (=Hupei) [CABI1971a], Hunan [Yang1982, TangHa1995], Jiangsu (=Kiangsu) [CABI1971a], Sichuan (=Szechwan) [CABI1971a], Yunnan [CABI1971a]); Hong Kong [CABI1971a]; India (Andhra Pradesh [CABI1971a], Karnataka [Rao1951a], Kerala [Rao1951a, RaoKa1966], Maharashtra [Rao1951a], Orissa [CABI1971a], Tamil Nadu [Rao1951a, CABI1971a]); Indonesia (Java [CABI1971a], Sulawesi (=Celebes) [CABI1971a], Sumatra [CABI1971a]); Malaysia [CABI1971a]; Maldives [WatsonOoGi1995]; Pakistan [CABI1971a]; Philippines (Luzon [Morris1920]); Ryukyu Islands (=Nansei Shoto) [Kuwana1909, CABI1971a]; Sri Lanka [Green1922]; Taiwan [CABI1971a]; Vietnam [CABI1971a]. Palaearctic: Albania [CABI1971a]; Algeria [CABI1971a]; Azores [Fernan1981]; Canary Islands [GomezM1967O, CABI1971a, PerezGCa1987]; China (Anhui (=Anhwei) [CABI1971a], Shandong (=Shantung) [CABI1971a]); Corsica [CABI1971a, Foldi2003]; Crete [Ayouta1940]; Cyprus [CABI1971a]; Egypt [Hall1922, Hall1923, CABI1971a, EzzatNa1987]; France [Vayssi1921a, Goux1931, CABI1971a, MatileLeRi1999, Foldi2000]; Georgia [CABI1971a, Hadzib1983]; Greece [Ayouta1927, MilonaKoKo2008]; Iran [Kaussa1957, CABI1971a]; Iraq [CABI1971a]; Israel [Bodenh1924, CABI1971a, MendelBl1991]; Italy [Trembl1988a, BarbagBiBo1995]; Japan [Kuwana1922a, CABI1971a, Kawai1980]; Jordan [CABI1971a]; Lebanon [CABI1971a]; Libya [Martin1954, CABI1971a]; Madeira Islands [CABI1971a]; Malta [CABI1971a]; Morocco [Vayssi1920, Rungs1939a, Rungs1970, CABI1971a]; Portugal [Seabra1930, Fernan1992]; Romania [CABI1971a]; Russia (Krasnodar Kray [Borchs1950b]); Sardinia [CABI1971a]; Saudi Arabia [Beccar1971, CABI1971a]; Sicily [CABI1971a]; Spain [GomezM1954, Martin1985]; Switzerland [Faes1925]; Syria [CABI1971a]; Tunisia [CABI1971a]; Turkey [Bodenh1953a, Tuncyu1970a, CABI1971a, KansuUy1979, UygunSeEr1998]; Yugoslavia [CABI1971a].
BIOLOGY: Hermaphroditic self-fertilization is the most common mode of reproduction in this species, however, a few males may appear in population (Pierantoni, 1912, 1913, 1914; Hughes-Schrader, 1963; Royer. 1966, 1975). Matile-Ferrero et al. (1999) reported on dense populations developing since 1996 on many ornamental plants in Jardin des Plantes, Paris, France. These observations indicated that the cottony cushion scale could survive the low, winter temperature of Paris. Rungs (1939a) observed 4 annual generations in Morocco.
GENERAL REMARKS: Description and illustration of adult female by Rao (1951a), Williams & Watson (1990), Morales (1991), Gill (1993), Tang & Hao (1995), Kosztarab (1996). Description and illustration of adult female, adult male and nymphs by Kuwana (1922a). Description and illustration of adult male by Hodgson & Foldi (2006).
STRUCTURE: Colour photograph of adult female by Kawai (1980), Gill (1993) and by Foldi (2003a). An illustration of the general appearance by Borchsenius (1950b).
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND CONTROL: This polyphagous pest, mainly to the citrus industry throughout the world, has been successfully controlled by the coccinellid Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant). This classic case in the history of biological control has been extensively discussed in numerous textbooks, e.g. Zimmerman (1948), Bodenheimer (1950), DeBach (1964), Bartlett (1978c), Kosztarab (1996). Kuwana (1922a) described the history of its inadvertent introduction into Taiwan and Japan and the establishment of its natural enemy Rodolia cardinalis. During the 1980's severe outbreaks occurred in Israel in Citrus orchards and on ornamentals. Good suppression of the pest's population was obtained following the importation of the coccinellid Rodolia iceryae Jenson from South Africa, and the parasitic fly Cryptochaetum iceryae Williston (Mendel & Blumberg, 1991). Recorded as a pest of pigeon peas in South Africa (Mathews et al., 2001).
KEYS: Tang & Hao 1995: 155-156, 615-616 (female) [Asia]; Williams & Watson 1990: 21 (female) [Tropical South Pacific]; Rao 1951a: 156 (female) [South East Asia]; Borchsenius 1950b: 45 (female) [USSR]; Morrison 1928: 208-211 (female) [Species of Icerya]; Kuwana 1922a: 2 (female) [Japan]; Morrison 1920: 150 (female) [Philippines]; Riley & Howard 1890b: 106 (female, nymph) [Palearctic].
CITATIONS: AbouEl2001 [host, distribution: 185-189]; AllahHaHe2000 [chemistry: 103-111]; Anneck1969 [biological control: 849-854]; ArgyriStMo1976 [host, distribution, biological control: 22]; Armita1919 [biological control: 257-260]; AustinYeCa2004 [distribution: 220]; Autuor1928 [biological control, life history: 193-200]; Ayouta1927 [host, distribution: 19-20]; Ayouta1928 [host, distribution, biological control: 317-318]; Ayouta1940 [host, distribution: 2-4]; Balach1928d [biological control: 286]; Balach1932b [ecology: 517-522]; Balach1954f [host, distribution: 93]; BalachMo1930 [host, distribution, biological control, economic importance, life history]; BarbagBiBo1995 [distribution: 39]; Bartle1978c [economic importance, biological control, host, distribution: 132-135]; BartleLa1960 [host, distribution, chemical control, biological control, economic importance: 1055-1058]; BaskarLaUt1999a [host, distribution, economic importance, chemical control: 28-31]; Beards1966 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 398-399]; Beccar1971 [host, distribution: 194]; Beders1969 [distribution, host, chemical control: 933-940]; Beingo1969d [biological control: 827-838]; Benass1959b [biological control, chemical control: 867-872]; Benass1961b [host, distribution, ecology: 1-157]; BenDov2005a [taxonomy, host, distribution, catalogue, economic importance: 208-217]; Bennan1972a [chemical control: 15-25]; Bennet1971 [host, distribution, biological control: 371]; Bennet1974 [biological control: 69-76]; Bennet1974b [biological control]; BennetRoCo1976 [biological control, economic importance: 359-395]; Berger1932 [host, distribution, biological control: 131-136]; BernarVi2002 [biological control: 81-88]; BertelBa1966 [host, distribution, economic importance: 17-46]; BindraVa1972 [host, distribution: 14-24]; BlumbeIsGo1994 [chemical control, biological control: 434-440]; BlumbeMe1991 [economic importance, biological control, host, distribution: 1107-1112]; BlumbeMeAs1989 [economic importance, life history, biological control, structure: 395-400]; Bodenh1933 [host, distribution, biological control: 89-91]; Bodenh1937 [host, distribution: 220]; Bodenh1951a [taxonomy, description, host, distribution, economic importance, life history, biological control: 472-511]; Bodenh1953a [life history, host, distribution: 156-157]; Borchs1937a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, biological control: 120-126]; Borchs1950b [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 30, 45]; Boyce1948 [host, distribution, economic importance, control]; Brain1915 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 171-174]; BrainKe1917 [host, distribution: 181]; CABI1971a [distribution: 1-3]; Cadahi1984 [biological control: 181]; Calkin1983 [host, distribution, economic importance: 321]; Caltag1999 [ecology, life history: 217]; Camach1929 [host, distribution, life history, economic importance: 569-572]; CarmanEwJe1951 [host, distribution, chemical control: 1-16]; CarmanEwJe1956 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1957 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1958 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1959 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1960 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1961 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1962 [chemical control]; CarmanEwJe1976 [host, distribution, control: 14-68]; CarmanEwRi1980 [host, distribution, control: 14-77]; Castel1962 [host, distribution, biological control: 754-758]; Causto2003 [host, distribution, biological control: 448-457]; Causto2004 [host, distribution, biological control]; CaustoLiPo2004 [economic importance, host, distribution, biological control: 315-325]; CaustoPeSi2006 [distribution: 138]; ChangHu1963 [host, distribution, biological control, chemical control: 688-700]; Charle1998 [distribution, economic importance: 47N,51N]; Chou1947a [taxonomy, chemical control: 30, 39]; Cillie1978 [host, distribution, life history, economic importance, chemical control, biological control: 85-87]; Clause1958a [host, distribution, biological control: 443-447]; Cocker1899n [taxonomy, distribution: 4]; Cocker1902o [taxonomy: 80]; Cocker1902q [taxonomy, distribution: 257]; Collar1918 [host, distribution: 154-162]; Comper1961 [biological control: 177-178]; Comper1969 [biological control: 755-764]; Comsto1881a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, economic importance: 347-348]; Conway1951 [host, distribution: 159-164]; Coquil1889a [life history, biological control: 70-74]; Costan1950a [host, distribution: 26]; Cottie1939 [life history, distribution: 421-422]; CressmDu1930 [life history, biological control: 197-199]; CulikMaVe2007 [host, distribution: 1-5]; DahlstMi1999 [biological control: 761-788]; DeBach1947a [life history, chemical control, biological control, economic importance: 406-407]; DeBach1958 [host, distribution, biological control, ecology: 187-194]; DeitzTo1980 [taxonomy: 51]; DelavaRoDu1969 [life history, ecology: 71-80]; DelGue1906 [host, distribution: 257-263]; DhaliwAr1994a [host, distribution, economic importance, control: 1-55]; Doutt1958 [biological control, economic importance: 119-123]; DreistClFl1994 [taxonomy, life history, economic importance, control]; Dzhash1970 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 176-177]; Ehler1990 [biological control: 111]; EhlerEn1984 [chemical control, biological control, economic importance, host, distribution: 1]; ElekciSe2007 [host, distribution, biological control: 29-34]; ElmerEwCa1951 [economic importance, biological control, host, distribution: 593-597]; EsfandMo2007 [host, distribution, life history, ecology``: 1239-1243]; EsfandMoEs2007 [life history, host, distribution: 393-403]; Ewart1969 [chemical control: 879-880]; EwartCa1951 [chemical control, host, distribution]; EwartCaJe1952 [host, distribution, chemical control: 1-6]; EwartCaJe1954 [chemical control: 1-11]; EwartDe1947 [chemical control, biological control: 342-345]; EwartEl1953a [economic importance, host, distribution: 352]; EwartMe1956 [chemistry: 441-447]; EzzatNa1987 [distribution: 88]; Faes1925 [host, distribution, biological control: 679-682]; FaurotMi1965 [chemistry: 93-97]; Fernal1903b [catalogue: 25-27]; Fernan1973a [taxonomy, description, host, distribution : 265-266]; Fernan1975 [host, distribution: 45]; Fernan1981 [distribution: 47]; Fernan1992 [host, distribution: 61]; Ferrer2001 [biological control: 67-74]; Feytau1930 [host, distribution: 133-141]; Flande1940b [biological control, ecology: 245-253]; Flande1940c [biological control: 814]; Flande1949a [biological control: 257-274]; Flande1953a [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 266-269]; Fletch1951 [host, distribution, chemical control: 1-24]; FlintVa1981 [economic importance, biological control]; FlutedScIn1889 [host, distribution, life history, chemical control, biological control, economic importance: 191-216]; Foldi1995a [host, distribution: 176]; Foldi1998 [catalogue: 425]; Foldi1999 [structure, taxonomy: 326]; Foldi2000 [host, distribution: 77]; Foldi2001 [distribution: 303]; Foldi2001a [taxonomy: 203]; Foldi2002 [host, distribution: 245]; Foldi2003 [host, distribution: 148]; Foldi2003b [taxonomy: 27]; FoldiVa2004 [host, distribution: 80]; FonsecAu1938 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control, chemical control: 1-11]; FrankMc2007 [biological control: 151-174]; Frogga1919a [taxonomy: 472]; Frogga1921b [taxonomy, host, distribution: 40]; Fullaw1946 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 157]; Fuller1897b [taxonomy, host, distribution: 1346]; Fuller1899 [taxonomy, host, distribution, biological control]; GeierBa1950 [life history, host, distribution, biological control: 104-116]; Ghesqu1939 [host, distribution: 49]; Ghesqu1943 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 390-393,404]; Gill1993 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, economic importance: 37, 38, 53]; GomezC1950 [biological control, host, distribution]; GomezC1954a [biological control, host, distribution: 19-35]; GomezM1937 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 395-401]; GomezM1954 [host, distribution: 144]; GomezM1957 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 86]; GomezM1958b [taxonomy, description, host, distribution, biological control: 121-129]; GomezM1958c [host, distribution: 408]; GomezM1960O [taxonomy, host, distribution: 204]; GomezM1965 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 114]; GomezM1967O [host, distribution: 134]; GomezM1968 [host, distribution: 563]; Gonzal1969 [biological control: 839-847]; Gonzal1989 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 107-109]; Goux1931 [distribution: 330]; GraebnMoBa1984 [biological control, economic importance, host, distribution: 227-33]; Grafto2000 [host, distribution, chemical control: 47-50]; Grafto2006 [host, distribution, economic importance: 5-14]; GraftoGu2003 [host, distribution, biological control, ecology, life history: 1388-1398]; GraftoGuMo2005 [biological control: 473-478]; GraftoLeSt2006 [chemical control, biological control: 733-744]; GraftoOuSt2001 [resistance: 20-25]; GranarCl2003 [host, distribution: 633]; Greath1971 [host, distribution, biological control ]; Greath1973 [biological control: 29-33]; Greath1976 [biological control, economic importance]; Green1922 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 435-438]; Green1937 [host, distribution: 280]; Greig1944 [host, distribution, control]; GriffiTh1947 [host, distribution, chemical control: 386-388]; GutierCaMe1999 [biological control: 243-252]; Hadzib1983 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 55-59, 266]; Hall1922 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 2]; Hall1923 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 31]; Hall1940 [host, distribution: 489]; HallEhBi1980 [Biological control: 111-114]; HamonFa1998 [host, distribution, taxonomy, life history, economic importance: 352]; HardyGuHo2008 [taxonomy, phylogeny, DNA: 51-71]; HarpazRo1971 [biological control, economic importance: 458-468]; HattinCi1998 [host, distribution, life history, economic importance, chemical control, biological control: 108-112]; HattinTa1995 [host, distribution, life history, biological control: 489-493]; Hely1964 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 53-57]; Hempel1918 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 195-197]; Hendel1933 [biological control, distribution: 97-103]; HerricSe1999 [genetics: 41-71]; Hoddle2003 [biological control: 3-16]; Hodgso1969c [host, distribution, life history, economic importance, biological control, economic importance: 21]; HodgsoFo2006 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 162-168]; Hoffma1932 [host, distribution: 726]; Horn1988 [chemical control, biological control]; Horsfa1983 [host, distribution, economic importance: 1-13]; Hosny1968 [host, distribution, ecology: 179-182]; Howard1908 [host, distribution: 265-277]; HowellBe1981 [taxonomy, description, illustration: 441-444]; HoyHe1985 [biological control]; Hudson1890 [economic importance, host, distribution, biological control: 176-178]; Huffak1985 [biological control: 13-23]; HuffakCa1986 [biological control, economic importance: 95-107]; HuffakLuMe1976 [biological control: 560]; HuffakMeDe1971 [biological control: 16-67]; Hughes1925 [taxonomy, structure, chromosomes: 264-292]; Hughes1926 [taxonomy, structure, chromosomes, sperm: 500-501]; Hughes1927 [taxonomy, structure, chromosomes: 509-540]; Hughes1930 [taxonomy, structure, chromosomes: 359-380]; Hughes1963 [life history, physiology: 173-184]; IceryaPu1923 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control, chemical control: 277-282]; IntegrPeMa1991 [taxonomy, life history, biological control: 1]; IsmailSm2002 [biological control: 13-16]; Janezi1954 [host, distribution: 127]; Jannon1967 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 85-128]; Jashen1999 [taxonomy, host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 44, 47, 48]; Jourdh1979 [host, distribution, biological control: 75-79]; KansuUy1979 [host, distribution, biological control: 565-567]; Kaussa1957 [taxonomy, distribution: 2]; Kawai1972 [host, distribution: 3]; Kawai1980 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 87-88]; Kawai1987 [host, distribution: 77]; KaydanUlEr2007 [host, distribution: 98]; Khalaf1987 [host, distribution, life history, biological control: 1-2,47-48]; KindlmDi2003 [biological control: 118-124]; Kiritc1932a [taxonomy: 253-254]; Kobakh1965 [biological control, host, distribution: 323-330]; Koch1989 [host, distribution, biological control: 5-20]; KondoKa1995a [host, distribution: 97-98]; Koszta1987 [life history: 216]; Koszta1996 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 41-43]; Koteja1996a [taxonomy, illustration, description: 69-71]; KreiteMaDi1998a [life history, economic importance : 201-206]; Kuwana1909 [host, distribution: 150-151]; Kuwana1922a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, life history, economic importance, biological control: 2-30]; Kuwana1927 [host, distribution: 70]; Kuwana1931b [host, distribution: 163-164]; LegnerBe1999 [biological control: 87-101]; LenterWo1988 [biological control, host, distribution, economic importance: 239-269]; Leonar1932a [host, distribution, chemical control, biological control: 1103-1107]; Lepesm1947 [host, distribution: 267]; Lindin1912b [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 51,85,156,256]; Lindin1935 [taxonomy: 135]; Lindin1942 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 121]; Lindin1954 [taxonomy: 619]; LiottaMiRa1977 [host, economic importance: 29-67]; Lizery1938 [host, distribution: 346-347]; LlorenViRa2003 [host, distribution, chemical control, biological control: 169]; Marcha1913 [life history, economic importance, host, distribution, biological control: 13-27]; MarinL1990 [host, distribution, life history, biological control: 64-66]; Marlat1897 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control, chemical control``: 217-236]; Marlat1915 [host, distribution: 1]; Martel1910 [taxonomy, description, illustration: 290-291]; Martin1954 [host, distribution, economic importance: 113-116]; Martin1958 [host, distribution: 120-123]; Martin1985 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 101-102]; Martor1976 [host, distribution: 1-303]; Maskel1879 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 221-223]; Maskel1882 [taxonomy, economic importance, host, distribution: 226]; Maskel1893b [taxonomy: 247]; MathewMiSa2001 [host, distribution, economic importance: 48-50]; MatileEt2006 [host, distribution: 175]; MatileLeRi1999 [host, distribution, ecology, economic importance, life history: 175-178]; MayneGh1934 [host, distribution: 3-38]; McCoy1985 [biological control: 481-499]; MendelBl1991 [life history, biological control, host, distribution: 68-74]; MendelBlAs1988 [life history, economic importance, host, distribution, biological control: 349-351]; MendelBlIs1991 [chemical control: 103-112]; MendelBlIs1994 [chemical control, biological control: 199-209]; MendelBlWy1992 [host, distribution, biological control: 45S-49S]; MendelBlZe1992 [host, distribution, chemistry, ecology: 118-124]; MendelZeTa1991 [biological control: 68-74]; MetcalMe1993 [economic importance, host, distribution, control]; Michel1962 [biological control, ecology: 694-697]; MilonaKoKo2008 [host, distribution: 33]; Mizell1990 [host, distribution, economic importance]; Mo2002a [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 1-2]; Monast1958 [economic importance, control: 131-165]; MonastZa1959 [description, host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 50]; Morale1991 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, economic importance: 56-58]; MoraleBa1989 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 201-207]; MoraleHi1990 [biological control, host, distribution: 129-130]; Morris1920 [host, distribution: 151]; Morris1928 [taxonomy: 189, 207-209, 226]; MorrisMo1923 [taxonomy: 34]; MukaiHaTs1965 [chemistry: 77-91]; Muma1953 [host, distribution, biological control: 24-25]; Muma1969 [biological control: 863-870]; MumaSeDe1961 [biological control: 1-39]; MurdocChCh1985 [biological control: 344-366]; Newste1913 [host, distribution: 68]; Nohara1963 [biological control: 157-168]; Noyes2004 [biological control]; NRC1969 [taxonomy, economic importance, ecology, biological control, chemical control]; OlkowsOlKa1978 [biological control: 311-347]; OmerCoJoWh1946 [biological control: 154]; Ordish1967 [economic importance, biological control]; OrganiWoCo1970 [distribution, control: 14-23]; OsorioCe1984 [host, distribution, economic importance: 110-114]; Paoli1927a [host, distribution: 382-387]; Peleka1962 [host, distribution: 60]; Peleka1974 [biological control: 14-20]; PerezG2008 [distribution: 217]; PerezGCa1987 [host, distribution: 129]; Pieran1911 [life history, physiology: 322-323]; Pieran1912 [life history, physiology: 321-400]; Pieran1913 [life history, physiology: 300-314]; Pieran1914 [life history, physiology: 27-46,243-274]; PietriBiCo1969 [chemical control: 909-915]; PoirauVu1913 [host, distribution, biological control: 27-33]; Poutie1930 [chemistry, biological control : 1023-1025]; PowellHo1979 [taxonomy, host, distribution]; Prasad1992 [host, distribution: 115-121]; Pratt1958 [taxonomy, illustration, distribution]; Priore1963 [biological control, taxonomy: 63-198]; Priore1971 [biological control: 3-5]; PuttarCh1953a [biological control: 87-95]; PuttarCh1957 [distribution, biological control: 6,8]; Quayle1911e [biological control: 510-515]; QuezadCoDi1972 [host, distribution, economic importance: 20-22]; QuezadDe1973 [host, distribution, life history, ecology, biological control: 631-688]; Quilic2002 [biological control: 313-362]; RamachCh1944 [economic importance, life history, host, distribution, biological control: 92-102]; Rao1943VP [taxonomy, host, distribution: 246-247]; Rao1951a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 132-135]; RaoKa1966 [host, distribution: 552]; Reboul1976 [host, distribution, economic importance, control]; Reddy1964 [host, distribution, economic importance: 465]; Remill1988 [host, distribution: 65-66]; Ribaga1902 [host, distribution, biological control: 299-323]; RicciSt1988 [life history, distribution, biological control: 989-998]; RiehlBrMc1980 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control, chemical control: 319]; RileyHo1890 [taxonomy: 333]; RileyHo1890b [taxonomy, host, distribution: 92-106]; RoqueA2003 [host, distribution: 177-180]; RoqueACa1999 [host, distribution: 33-34]; Rosen1969 [biological control: 45-53]; Royer1966 [life history, physiology: 341]; Royer1975 [life history, physiology: 135-145]; Rungs1939a [host, distribution, life history: 101-105]; Rungs1970 [host, distribution, economic importance: 91-94]; Russo1956 [host, distribution: 181-190]; Russo1959 [economic importance, chemical control, biological control: 20-21]; SaccoPaD2000 [host, distribution, biological control: 3-8]; Sailer1983 [host, distribution, economic importance: 15]; Sakimu1935a [biological control: 76-82]; SalamaElMe1985 [host, distribution, life history: 471-476]; Samway1981a [biological control: 1]; Sankar1988 [biological control: 151-158]; SaTaLu2001 [biological control: 154-160]; Savast1918 [biological control: 1-3]; Schmut1969 [taxonomy, host, distribution, economic importance: 99-100]; SchmutKlLu1957 [p. 423]; SchmutPiKl1978 [host, distribution, economic importance : 327]; SchradHu1926 [taxonomy, structure, chromosomes: 182-200]; Scott1984a [host, distribution: 11-31]; Seabra1921 [host, distribution: 95-96]; Seabra1930 [host, distribution, economic importance: 123-126]; SeabraVa1918 [host, distribution: 163]; Shiau1990 [taxonomy: 1-129]; ShiLi1991 [host, distribution: 161]; Shirak1912 [host, distribution, economic importance]; Silves1920 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, life history: 487-494]; Silves1921 [host, distribution, economic importance: 1-11]; Silves1939 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution, economic importance, life history, biological control: 649]; Simant1976a [host, distribution]; Simmon1969a [biological control: 765-767]; SimmonGr1977 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control]; SkaifeLeBa1981 [taxonomy, distribution: 1-5]; Smith1926 [biological control: 294-302]; Smith1948 [host, distribution, economic importance, biological control: 597-664]; SmithFl1950 [biological control: 362, 376, 378]; SoaresElSc1999 [host, distribution, life history, ecology: 459-467]; Stehr1982 [economic importance, biological control: 135-173]; SternSmVa1959 [biological control, economic importance, host, distribution: 81-101]; StreibFrKa1994 [chemical control: 23-30]; Subram1955 [economic importance, host, distribution, biological control: 391-415]; Sweetm1958 [biological control, economic importance: 449-458]; SwinglWe1896 [host, distribution: 1-7]; SwirskWyIz2002 [taxonomy, host, distribution, life history, economic importance, biological control: 61-63]; Takagi2003b [host, distribution, biological control: 351-355]; Talhou2002 [host, distribution, economic importance: 82-83]; Tang2001 [distribution: 3]; TangHa1995 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, economic importance: 155-156,162-164,565]; TawfikAwSw1976 [life history, biological control: 239-240]; Thiem1932 [life history, physiology: 488-492]; Thorar1988 [life history, biological control: 1-78]; Thorpe1931a [life history, biological control: 929-971]; Tisdel1990 [biological control: 301]; Tort2004 [host, life history, structure: 53-56]; Tourne1970 [host, distribution, biological control: 97-107]; TownseCo1898 [host, distribution: 165]; TrabouBe1965 [host, distribution, biological control: 1-13]; Trembl1988a [taxonomy, host, distribution: 209]; TrjapiTr2006 [biological control: 1-16]; Tuncyu1970a [host, distribution, economic importance: 67-80]; UlgentCa2004 [host, distribution: 79-84]; UnruhGu2008 [taxonomy, DNA, phylogeny: 8-50]; UygunKaUl1995 [host, distribution, biological control: 171-183]; UygunOnKa2001 [biological control: 231]; UygunSeEr1998 [host, distribution: 183-191]; Valent1967 [biological control: 1100]; Valles1965 [biological control: 259-279]; vanden2001 [host, distribution, economic importance, life history, chemical control, biological control: 160-161]; VanHarCoWi1990 [host, distribution: 132]; vanLen2003b [biological control: 167-179]; Varshn2005 [taxonomy, illustration, host, distribution: 142-143]; Vayssi1920 [host, distribution: 259]; Vayssi1921a [host, distribution: 215-216]; Vayssi1923a [taxonomy, description: 425-426]; Vayssi1926 [taxonomy: 319, 337]; Vayssi1931 [distribution: 57-58]; Vayssi1932a [economic importance, biological control: 629-648]; Viggia1970a [host, distribution, economic importance: 48]; Viggia1989c [biological control: 49-51]; WaageGr1988 [biological control: 111-128]; WadhiBa1964 [host, distribution, economic importance: 227-260]; WangLoLi2002 [host, distribution: 36-38]; Watana1958 [host, distribution, biological control, economic importance: 515-517]; Waterh1997 [host, distribution, economic importance: 156-171]; WatsonBe1932 [economic importance, biological control, host, distribution: 41-42]; WatsonOoGi1995 [description, host, distribution, life history, economic importance: 39]; Webber1897a [host, distribution: 1-3]; Wei2002 [economic importance: 66-70]; WhitteHo1999 [biological control: 271-296]; Wight1890 [host, distribution, biological control: 148-151]; Wight1890a [host, distribution, biological control: 224-226]; Wight1891 [host, distribution, biological control: 395]; Wille1958 [host, distribution, biological control, economic importance: 519-523]; WilliaMe2007 [host, distribution: 133]; WilliaWa1990 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 22-25]; Willis1888 [host, distribution, biological control: 23-24]; Willis1888a [host, distribution, biological control: 328-331]; Woglum1919 [biological control: 106,141]; Woglum1946 [economic importance, chemical control, biological control, host, distribution: 1-2]; WoglumLaLa1947 [biological control, chemical control: 818-820]; Wolcot1955 [host, distribution, economic importance: 1-3]; Wolcot1958 [host, distribution, biological control, economic importance: 511-513]; WongChCh1999 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 3-4, 41]; Wood1962 [distribution, biological control: 8-11]; Woodwo1903 [taxonomy: 30]; XieXuZh2004a [chemistry: 512-518]; Yang1982 [host, distribution: 30]; Yasuma1969 [biological control: 773-780]; YasumaNa1957 [life history, ecology: 203-219]; YigitCaZa1994a [host, distribution: 409-420]; Zahrad1959a [taxonomy: 535]; Zhang2000 [host, distribution, chemical control, economic importance: 23]; Zimmer1948 [economic importance, host, distribution: 136-138].
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