Bibliographic Citation
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Title | Thermodynamics of highly dilute solutions and the quest for ultrapurity |
Creator/Author | Sciamanna, S.F. ; Prausnitz, J.M. |
Publication Date | 1987 Aug 01 |
OSTI Identifier | OSTI ID: 5648573 |
Other Number(s) | CODEN: AICEA |
Resource Type | Journal Article |
Resource Relation | A.I.Ch.E. J. ; Vol/Issue: 33:8 |
Research Org | Materials and Molecular Research Div., Lawrence Berkeley Lab. and Chemical Engineering Dept., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 |
Subject | 400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties ;560300 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology; SOLUTIONS-- HEALTH HAZARDS;SOLUTIONS-- PURIFICATION;SOLUTIONS-- SEPARATION PROCESSES;SOLUTIONS-- THERMODYNAMICS; BUBBLES;CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS;DILUTION;DROPLETS;SOLUTES |
Related Subject | DISPERSIONS;HAZARDS;KINETICS;MIXTURES;PARTICLES;REACTION KINETICS |
Description/Abstract | Since very high purity is sometimes required for health-related (and other) products, it is useful to reexamine the common thermodynamic relations that describe the chemical potential of a solute at very high dilution.^ Because Stirling`s approximation is not valid for small numbers, the usual thermodynamic relations must be reformulated for small systems, i.e. for a solute in a small bubble or drop.^ A simplistic analysis indicates that in a small bubble or drop, the chemical potential of a solute goes to a finite value as the mole fraction of solute goes to zero, in contrast to the conventional result, where that chemical potential goes to negative infinity.^This simplistic analysis has profound implications for separation science; it implies that (in theory) ultrapurity may be attained by conventional diffusional methods.^ While serious objections can be raised to invalidate the simplistic analysis, it may nevertheless be useful for chemical engineers to consider separation methods using highly dispersed systems. |
Country of Publication | United States |
Language | English |
Format | Pages: 1315-1321 |
System Entry Date | 2001 May 13 |
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