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Title Thermodynamics of highly dilute solutions and the quest for ultrapurity
Creator/Author Sciamanna, S.F. ; Prausnitz, J.M.
Publication Date1987 Aug 01
OSTI IdentifierOSTI ID: 5648573
Other Number(s)CODEN: AICEA
Resource TypeJournal Article
Resource RelationA.I.Ch.E. J. ; Vol/Issue: 33:8
Research OrgMaterials and Molecular Research Div., Lawrence Berkeley Lab. and Chemical Engineering Dept., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
Subject400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties ;560300 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology; SOLUTIONS-- HEALTH HAZARDS;SOLUTIONS-- PURIFICATION;SOLUTIONS-- SEPARATION PROCESSES;SOLUTIONS-- THERMODYNAMICS; BUBBLES;CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS;DILUTION;DROPLETS;SOLUTES
Related SubjectDISPERSIONS;HAZARDS;KINETICS;MIXTURES;PARTICLES;REACTION KINETICS
Description/Abstract Since very high purity is sometimes required for health-related (and other) products, it is useful to reexamine the common thermodynamic relations that describe the chemical potential of a solute at very high dilution.^ Because Stirling`s approximation is not valid for small numbers, the usual thermodynamic relations must be reformulated for small systems, i.e. for a solute in a small bubble or drop.^ A simplistic analysis indicates that in a small bubble or drop, the chemical potential of a solute goes to a finite value as the mole fraction of solute goes to zero, in contrast to the conventional result, where that chemical potential goes to negative infinity.^This simplistic analysis has profound implications for separation science; it implies that (in theory) ultrapurity may be attained by conventional diffusional methods.^ While serious objections can be raised to invalidate the simplistic analysis, it may nevertheless be useful for chemical engineers to consider separation methods using highly dispersed systems.
Country of PublicationUnited States
LanguageEnglish
FormatPages: 1315-1321
System Entry Date2001 May 13

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