A Simplistic View of
Hadron Calorimetry
Don Groom
Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory
All too often we rely on
Monte Carlo simulations without worrying too
much about basic physics. It is possible to start with a very simple
calorimeter (a big cylinder) and learn the functional form of p/e by an induction
argument. Monte Carlo checks provide
sanity checks and constants. In spite of the role of nuclear g-rays, a power-law
functional form describes test beam results surprisingly well. The prediction
that calorimeters respond differently to protons and pions of the same energy
was unexpected. This effect was later demonstrated by the CMS forward
calorimeter group, using the most non-compensating calorimeter ever built.
Calorimeter resolution is dominated by fluctuations in po production and the
energy deposit by neutrons. The DREAM collaboration has recently used a dual
read-out calorimeter to eliminate the first of these. Ultimate resolution depends on measuring
neutrons on an event-by-event basis as well.