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Now showing results 1-8 of 8.
1. Lab Exercises for Kinesiology. (ED409268)
Author(s):
Mills, Brett D.; And Others
Source:
N/A
Pub Date:
1997-04-00
Pub Type(s):
Reports - Descriptive
Peer-Reviewed:
Descriptors: Athletics; Biomechanics; Exercise; Exercise Physiology; Higher Education; Motor Reactions; Musculoskeletal System; Physical Activities; Physical Education; Psychomotor Skills; Skill Development; Teaching Methods
Abstract: This monograph presents descriptions of various exercises and athletic activities with a kinesiological and biomechanical analysis of the muscle systems involved. It is intended as examples of laboratory activities and projects in a college course in kinesiology. A listing of the required laboratory exercises precedes the examples. Specific activities analyzed include: seated row exercise, right-handed baseball bat swings, instep shoelace soccer kick, right-legged soccer kick. Additionally, a strength training, conditioning, and testing program for team handball is detailed including skill tests and a training schedule for both off-season and in-season phases. An example of required student assignments involving videofilming four specific skills from four different sports with a review of the literature and kinesiological and biomechanical analysis of each is also provided. The sports skills analyzed are: (1) the long snap (football), (2) the roundhouse kick (karate), (3) the vertical jump (basketball, volleyball, track and field), and (4) rope jumping (general conditioning). (Contains 182 references.) (JLS) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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ERIC Full Text (792K)
2. Development of a Distance Learning Study Guide in Biomechanics. (ED408293)
Mills, Brett D.
1997-06-00
Guides - Classroom - Learner
Descriptors: Biomechanics; College Instruction; Course Content; Curriculum Development; Distance Education; Higher Education; Instructional Materials; Literature Reviews; Nontraditional Education; Study Guides; Teaching Methods
Abstract: The study guide presented here was created primarily from required course texts and recommended readings. A formative committee identified criteria for the content and format of the study guide, provided input on the philosophical and practical requirements, reviewed study guide questions, and provided feedback during the developmental stage. The summative committee validated the criteria identified by the formative committee and approved the draft of the study guide. The study guide consists of 200 multiple choice questions that allow the student to test his or her knowledge as it relates to the readings in the course. The results of this study indicated that the valid contents and appropriate format for a distance learning study guide in sports biomechanics can be determined. Three appendices, which comprise the bulk of the document, provide: (1) a list of required text books; (2) a list of recommended readings (general and sport specific); and (3) a copy of the study guide. (Contains 43 references.) (ND) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (592K)
3. Attribution Theory in Sport: Problems and Solutions. (ED387439)
Fullin, Christine; Mills, Brett D.
1995-07-00
Information Analyses
Descriptors: Athletics; Attribution Theory; Helplessness; Higher Education; Locus of Control; Models; Performance Factors; Research Methodology; Research Needs; Research Problems
Abstract: This paper reviews the development of attribution theory as it relates to sport from Fritz Heider's original model of attribution theory in 1958 to the present. The original model explains that individuals use four attribution factors to interpret and predict the outcome of an event--ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck. Bernard Weiner built upon Heider's basic theory by organizing the four attribution factors into two dimensions: locus of control (internal vs. external) and stability (fixed vs. variable). A more recent model includes the role of emotional reactions and expectations of future performances. Other factors which are seen to affect performance outcome attribution include skill level effects and the syndrome of learned helplessness (when the probability of a desired outcome is perceived as not increased by one's actions). Methodological issues concerning research on attribution theory include a failure of early measures to consider all possible causal attributions and the arbitrary assigning of causal variables. New measures attempt to address these methodological problems. (Contains 15 references.) (JB) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (132K)
4. Women's Baseball in Colleges and Clubs Prior to 1940. (ED370953)
1994-00-00
Information Analyses; Opinion Papers
Descriptors: Baseball; Clubs; College Athletics; Cultural Context; Higher Education; History; Physical Education; Sex Bias; Sex Role; Sex Stereotypes; Single Sex Schools; Womens Athletics; Womens History
Abstract: This paper reviews the literature on women's baseball prior to the establishment of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League by P. K. Wrigley in 1943. Around the turn of the century, women had fewer opportunities for participation in sports and long standing stereotypes permeated the thoughts and ideals of society with respect to women in sport. One limitation was the stereotype of the delicate, sickly, passive female; a second restraint was the common belief that women's primary goals were of marriage and motherhood; a third limiting factor was the belief that women should behave in a "genteel" manner. It was also commonly believed that participation in sport could result in women becoming infertile, coarse, unfeminine, and possibly immoral. The only place for women to be involved in sports was within the confines of women's colleges and clubs. The growth in popularity of baseball was fostered by the idea of participation, collegiality, and the overall ideal of "sport for sports sake." Competition, however, was viewed with alarm. Baseball clubs were formed to allow women not attending college to participate. Such clubs were often unfortunately exploited for their spectacle value. Women, however, tended not to view their involvement with baseball as a matter of women's rights but simply enjoyed the game. Many women interested in baseball felt the opposition towards their participation in baseball was too great, and concentrated their efforts in non-participant roles including those of spectators, journalists, scouts, and, eventually, owners. (Contains 36 references.) (LL) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (244K)
5. Women of Ancient Greece: Participating in Sport? (ED370951)
Historical Materials
Descriptors: Adults; Ancient History; Aquatic Sports; Females; Greek Civilization; Greek Literature; Horseback Riding; Mythology; Participation; Physical Activity Level; Running; Womens Athletics; Wrestling
Abstract: Based on evidence obtained from Greek literature and artifacts, this paper examines the extent to which women in ancient Greece participated in physical activity, sports, and games. Homer's "Odyssey" describes women playing ball and driving chariots; vases dating back to 700-675 B.C. portray women driving light chariots in a procession; a girl juggling 12 hoops appears on an Attic cup dated around 475-450 B.C.; feminine acrobatic performance was portrayed in Xenophon's "Symposium"; aquatic activities were not only recreational but a necessity of everyday life--the earliest known evidence of women involved in swimming was found once again in Homer's "Odyssey"; the only known artifact depicting women in the act of swimming is a red figured vase, dated around 500 B.C.; accounts of women hunting are found in mythological Greek writings; there is some evidence for women being involved in horseback riding; wrestling for women was introduced by Lycurgus in the ninth century B.C.; and mythology and art indicate running was the most popular physical activity for women in ancient Greece. Although women were banned from participating in the Olympic games, they had their own running competitions at Olympia. (Contains 38 references.) (LL) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (228K)
6. Rehabilitation Counseling for Athletes Prior to Retirement: A Preventative Approach Using Self-Acceptance To Enhance Performance before and after Retirement. (ED366571)
1993-11-29
Opinion Papers
Descriptors: Anxiety; Athletes; Athletic Coaches; Cognitive Processes; Counseling Services; Counseling Techniques; Higher Education; Models; Performance Factors; Preretirement Education; Psychological Patterns; Retirement; Self Concept; Self Esteem; Self Evaluation (Individuals)
Abstract: This paper suggests that collegiate and professional athletes preparing to retire should be provided with preretirement and postretirement rehabilitation counseling. The counseling should involve a preventative approach centered around self-acceptance, to enhance the athlete's performance before and after retirement. The development of self-acceptance in an athlete helps him or her to experience less competitive cognitive anxiety. A model for performance enhancement links self-acceptance to cognitive anxiety and cognitive anxiety to performance. Questions are presented that athletes can ask themselves to examine their level of self-acceptance and that coaches can ask themselves to determine their enhancement of athletes' self-acceptance. The issue of retirement for professional athletes is compared to the psychological stages of someone who is dying. These stages include denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Counseling an athlete as he or she goes through these stages involves listening/confrontation, cognitive therapy, and vocational guidance. Counselors are encouraged to provide empathy and support, break the problem into manageable parts and develop a plan to tackle those parts, and determine the athlete's internal and external strengths and resources. An appendix presents a self-concept diagram. (Contains 12 references.) (JDD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (268K)
7. Physical Education in Higher Education: What Should We Name Ourselves? (ED360264)
1992-10-00
Descriptors: Definitions; Educational Change; Educational History; Higher Education; Physical Education; Professional Recognition; Teacher Education; Teaching (Occupation); Vocabulary
Abstract: The use of the term "physical education" in higher education began in the 1920's, with previous terminology including "gymnastics,""hygiene," and "physical culture." There is now a large constituent of educators who feel the name physical education no longer accurately describes the field. Various names have been considered, primarily "kinesiology," along with "sport science,""movement science," and "human performance." Arguments for and against adoption of each of these terms are cited. It is concluded that the term "physical education" is neither too broad nor too narrow in focus. Some educators concerned with changing the field's name in actuality want to change the field's identity. Changing the field's name will not automatically improve its status in education or in the community. The field is troubled by such problems as individuals within the field who are less than professional and by colleges offering such courses as kick-ball and dodge-ball as formal physical education courses. Educators in physical education cannot hide behind a new name, but must look to the future and change the image, not the name. (Contains 23 references.) (JDD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (272K)
8. Review of Literature: Utilizing Film/Videotape through Modeling or Self Examination of Performance To Enhance Performance. (ED360266)
1992-04-00
Descriptors: Athletics; College Freshmen; Films; Higher Education; Instructional Effectiveness; Literature Reviews; Modeling (Psychology); Motor Development; Performance Factors; Physical Education; Preservice Teacher Education; Psychomotor Skills; Self Evaluation (Individuals); Skill Development; Teaching Methods; Videotape Recordings; Visual Aids
Abstract: This paper examines eight studies that utilized film or videotape to enhance motor performance through modeling or self-examination of performance. The studies, dating as far back as 1944, dealt with learning bowling, golf, basketball, throwing, gymnastics, racquetball, and other motor tasks. For each study, the paper outlines the problem, the purpose, the method, the results, and interpretation of the results. (Contains 14 references.) (JDD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (189K)
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