Cold Regions Bibliography

Search Help: Authority File of CRREL Subject Terms

Ablation
     See also: Glacier ablation; Seasonal ablation
Abrasion
Absorption
     See also: Radiation absorption
(Accelerated melting, use Artificial melting)
Accidents
Acclimatization
(Accreted ice, use Ice accretion)
Accuracy
(Acidity, use Chemical properties)
Acoustic measurement
(Acoustic waves, use Sound waves)
Acoustics
     See also: Ice acoustics; Noise (sound); Snow acoustics; Sound transmission; Underwater
acoustics
(Activated sludge, use Sludges)
Active layer
Adhesion
     See also: Ice adhesion; Ice crystal adhesion
Admixtures
     See also: Concrete admixtures; Cement admixtures
Adsorption
Advection
Advection fog
(Adventive plants, use Introduced plants)
(Aeolian soils, use Eolian soils)
Aeration
Aerial surveys
Aerosols
     See also: Particles; Smoke generators
(Afforestation, use Forestry; Revegetation)
Age determination
     See also: Geochronology; Ice dating; Permafrost dating; Radioactive age determination; Soil dating
Aggregates
     See also: Concrete aggregates; Soil aggregates
Agriculture
Airborne equipment
Airborne radar
(Air bubbles, use Bubbles)
(Air bubbling systems, use Bubbling)
(Air circulation, use Atmospheric circulation)
Air conditioning
     See also: Cooling systems
Aircraft
     See also: Airplanes, Balloons, Helicopters, Tanker aircraft
Aircraft icing
Aircraft landing areas
     See also: Airports, Ice runways, Runways
Air cushion vehicles
(Air ducts, use Ducts)
Air entrainment
Air flow
(Air ice interface, use Ice air interface)
Air ice water interaction
(Air inflated structures, use Inflatable structures)
Air leakage
Air masses
Airplanes
     See also: Tanker aircraft
Air pollution
Airports
(Air snow interface, use Snow air interface)
(Air soil interface, use Soil air interface)
Air temperature
Air water interactions
Alassy
Albedo
Algae
Alimentation
     See also: Glacier alimentation
(Alkalinity, use Chemical properties)
All terrain vehicles
     See also: Tracked vehicles
Alluvium
Alpine glaciation
     See also: Mountain glaciers
Alpine landscapes
(Alpine soils, use Mountain soils)
Alpine tundra
(Altimetry, use Height finding)
Altiplanation
Altitude
(Altitude measurement, use Height finding)
Aluminum
Amorphous ice
     See also: Vitreous ice
Amphibious vehicles
(Analog simulation, use Computerized simulation)
(Analysis (chemistry), use Chemical analysis)
Analysis (mathematics)
     See also: Mathematical models; Statistical analysis; Stefan problem; Structural
analysis; Thermal analysis
(Anchor ice, use Bottom ice)
Anchors
Anemometers
Animals
(Anion exchange, use Ion exchange)
Anisotropy
Anomalous water
Antennas
Antifreezes
(Antiicing additives, use Chemical ice prevention)
(Arctic clothing, use Clothing)
(Arctic deserts, use Deserts)
(Arctic ice islands, use Ice islands)
(Arctic regions, use Polar regions)
Arctic landscapes
Artesian water
Artificial freezing
Artificial hailstones
Artificial ice
     See also: Ice makers
(Artificial ice crystals, use Ice crystal replicas)
Artificial islands
Artificial melting
Artificial nucleation
Artificial precipitation
     See also: Cloud seeding; Weather modification
(Artificial satellites, use Spacecraft)
Artificial snow
     See also: Snow manufacturing
Artificial thawing
     See also: Artificial melting
Asbestos
(Ash, use Volcanic ash)
(Asphalt concretes, use Bituminous concretes)
(Asphalts, use Bitumens)
(Atmosphere, use Air masses; Atmospheric physics; Meteorology; Stratosphere)
(Atlases, use Maps)
(Atmospheric absorption, use Atmospheric attenuation)
Atmospheric attenuation
Atmospheric boundary layer
Atmospheric circulation
Atmospheric composition
(Atmospheric condensation, use Condensation)
Atmospheric density
Atmospheric disturbances
Atmospheric electricity
(Atmospheric humidity, use Humidity)
Atmospheric physics
(Atmospheric pollutants, use Air pollution)
Atmospheric pressure
Attenuation
     See also: Atmospheric attenuation
(Aufeis, use Naleds)
Augers
(Automatic weather stations, use Weather stations)
(Automation, use Computer applications)
(Automobiles, use Motor vehicles)
Avalanche deposits
(Avalanche dynamics, use Avalanche mechanics)
Avalanche engineering
     See also: Snow fences
Avalanche erosion
Avalanche forecasting
Avalanche formation
Avalanche mechanics
Avalanche modeling
Avalanche protection
Avalanches
     See also: Snow slides
Avalanche tracks
Avalanche triggering
Avalanche wind
Backscattering
Bacteria
Balloons
Bank protection (waterways)
Banks (waterways)
     See also: Shores
Barometers
(Barometric pressure, use Atmospheric pressure)
(Barrier ice, use Ice shelves)
Basal sliding
(Bases, use Foundations; Pavement bases; Permafrost bases)
(Basins, use River basins)
(Bathymetry, use Sounding)
Batteries
(Beach erosion, use Shore erosion)
Beaches
     See also: Shores
(Beaded streams, use Patterned ground)
Bearing strength
     See also: Ice cover strength; Snow strength; Trafficability
Bearing tests
Bedrock
Bench marks
(Bentonite, use Clay minerals)
Bibliographies
(Bioenvironment, use Ecology; Ecosystems)
Biogeography
(Biology, use Cryobiology; Marine biology; Microbiology)
Biomass
(Biota, use Ecology)
Bitumens
Bituminous concretes
Blasting
     See also: Explosion effects; Ice blasting
Blowing snow
     See also: Snowdrifts
(Boats, use Ships)
(Bogs, use Swamps)
Bombing
(Booms (equipment), use Ice booms)
Borehole instruments
Boreholes
(Boring, use Drilling)
(Botany, use Geobotanical interpretation; Paleobotany; Plants (botany); Vegetation)
(Bottom friction, use Basal sliding)
Bottom ice
Bottom sediment
Bottom topography
     See also: Ocean bottom
(Boulders, use Rocks)
Boundary layer
     See also: Interfaces; Turbulent boundary layer
Boundary value problems
(Bound water, use Hygroscopic water)
Brakes (motion arresters)
(Breakup, use Ice breakup)
Bricks
Bridges
     See also: Ice crossings; Pontoon bridges; River crossings
Brightness
Brines
Brittleness
Bubbles
     See also: Gas inclusions
Bubbling
(Building, use Construction)
Building codes
     See also Design criteria; Specifications
Buildings
     See also: Houses, Industrial buildings, Large panel buildings, Modular construction, Portable shelters, Prefabrication, Residential buildings, Shelters
Buoyancy
Cable railways
(Cables (power lines), use Power lines; Transmission lines)
Cables (ropes)
Caissons
(Calcium chloride treatment, use Salting)
Calorimeters
(Calorimetry, use Temperature measurement)
Calving
Capillarity
Capillary ice
Carbon black
(Carbon dating, use Radioactive age determination)
Carbon dioxide
     See also: Dry ice (trademark)
Carbon isotopes
Carburetors
Cargo
     See also: Frozen cargo
(Carrying capacity, use Bearing strength)
(Cartography, use Mapping)
(Caterpillar tractors, use Tracked vehicles)
(Cation exchange, use Ion exchange)
Caves
     See also: Ice caves; Subglacial caves
Cavitation
Cellular concretes
Cellular materials
Cellular plastics
     See also: Thermal insulation
Cement admixtures
Cements
     See also: Soil cement
Ceramics
Cermets
(Chambers, use Cloud chambers; Cold chambers; Test chambers; Wind tunnels)
Channel stabilization
Channels (waterways)
Charge measuring instruments
Charge transfer
Charts
     See also: Maps; Meteorological charts
(Chemical admixtures, use Admixtures)
Chemical analysis
     See also: Frozen ground chemistry; Isotope analysis; Soil analysis
Chemical composition
     See also: Atmospheric composition; Frozen ground chemistry; Geochemistry; Ice composition; Snow composition; Soil chemistry; Soil composition; Water chemistry
Chemical ice prevention
     See also: Salting
Chemical properties
(Chemical reactions, use Photochemical reactions)
Chemistry
     See also: Composition, Frozen ground chemistry, Geochemistry, Hydrogeochemistry, Soil chemistry, Water chemistry
Chernozem
(Chlorinity, use Chemical properties)
Chlorophylls
Cinematography
(Circulation, use Atmospheric circulation; Drift; Ocean currents; Tidal currents)
Cirque glaciers
Cirques
(City planning, use Urban planning)
Classifications
     See also: Landscape types; Soil classification
Clathrates
Clay minerals
Clays
     See also: Frozen clays
Clay soils
Climate
     See also: Indoor climates
Climate control
Climatic changes
(Climatic extremes, use Records (extremes))
Climatic factors
Climatology
     See also: Microclimatology; Paleoclimatology
Clothing
Cloud chambers
Cloud cover
Cloud dissipation
Cloud droplets
Cloud electrification
Cloud height indicators
Cloud physics
Cloud seeding
     See also: Artificial precipitation; Cloud dissipation; Fog dispersal; Hail prevention; Weather modification
(Cloud seeding generators, use Smoke generators)
Clouds (meteorology)
     See also: Hail clouds; Supercooled clouds
Coagulate soils
Coagulation
Coal
(Coal dusting, use Dusting)
Coalescence
Coastal topographic features
     See also: Shoreline modification
(Coasts, use Banks (waterways); Beaches; Shores)
Coatings
     See also: Protective coatings
(Codes, use Building codes; Standards)
Cohesion
(Cold brittleness, use Brittleness)
Cold chambers
(Cold deserts, use Deserts)
Cold exposure
     See also: Frostbite
Cold storage
Cold stress
Cold tolerance
     See also: Acclimatization; Viability
(Cold weather concreting, use Winter concreting)
Cold weather construction
Cold weather operation
Cold weather performance
Cold weather survival
Cold weather tests
(Collisions, use Ice crystal collision)
Colloids
     See also: Soil colloids
Colored ice
Colored snow
(Communication cables, use Transmission lines)
(Communications, use Radio communication; Telecommunication)
Compaction
     See also: Snow compaction; Soil compaction
Composite materials
Composition
     See also: Atmospheric composition; Chemical composition; Ice composition; Snow composition; Soil composition
(Compressed air bubbling systems, use Bubbling)
Compressive properties
     See also: Frozen ground compression; Snow compression
Compressors
Computer applications
Computerized simulation
Computer programs
Computers
Concrete admixtures
Concrete aggregates
Concrete curing
Concrete durability
Concrete freezing
Concrete hardening
Concrete heating
Concrete pavements
Concrete piles
Concrete placing
     See also: Winter concreting
Concrete retarders
Concretes
     See also: Bituminous concretes; Cellular concretes; Lightweight concretes; Precast concretes; Prestressed concretes; Reinforced concretes
Concrete slabs
Concrete strength
Concrete structures
Condensation
Condensation nuclei
Condensation trails
Conduction
(Conductivity, use Electrical resistivity; Superconductivity; Thermal conductivity)
(Conferences, use Meetings)
(Congelifluction, use Solifluction)
(Congelifraction, use Frost shattering)
(Conservation, use Environmental impact)
(Consolidation, use Settlement (structural); Thaw consolidation)
Construction
     See also: Cold weather construction; Modular construction
Construction equipment
Construction materials
     See also: Bituminous concretes; Bricks; Cellular concretes; Cellular materials; Cements; Ceramics; Concretes; Ice (construction material); Insulation; Masonry; Mortars; Panels; Plastics; Plates; Snow (construction material)
(Construction sites, use Site surveys)
(Construction standards, use Building codes)
(Containers, use Tanks (containers))
Continental drift
(Continental ice, use Land ice)
Continuous permafrost
(Contrails, use Condensation trails)
Convection
Coolants
Cooling
     See also: Air conditioning; Cryogenics; Ice refrigeration; Liquid cooling; Radiant cooling; Refrigeration
Cooling rate
Cooling systems
     See also: Air conditioning; Cryogenics; Refrigeration
Cooling towers
(Cooperation, use International cooperation)
(Core analysis, use Drill core analysis)
(Cores, use Drill core analysis; Ice cores)
Core samplers
     See also: Ice coring drills
Coring
(Cornices, use Snow cornices)
(Corona discharge, use Electric corona)
Correlation
Corrosion
Cosmic dust
Cost analysis
     See also: Economic analysis
Countermeasures
     See also: Bank protection (waterways); Dust control; Evaporation control; Flood control; Frost protection; Hail prevention; Ice prevention; Ice removal; Landslide control; Protection; Slope protection
Covering
Cracking (fracturing)
     See also: Fracturing
Crack propagation
Cracks
     See also: Ice cracks
Cranes (hoists)
Creep
     See also: Ice creep; Rheology; Snow creep; Soil creep
(Creep properties, use Rheology)
Crevasse detection
Crevasses
(Crossings, use Bridges; Ice crossings; River crossings)
Crude oil
(Crustal structure, use Earth crust; Tectonics)
Cryobiology
(Cryogenic processes, use Geocryology)
Cryogenics
     See also: Refrigeration
Cryogenic soils
Cryogenic structures
(Cryopedology, use Geocryology)
(Cryoplanation, use Altiplanation)
(Cryostats, use Thermostats)
Cryoturbation
Crystal defects
Crystal growth
     See also: Ice crystal growth; Snow crystal growth
(Crystallization, use Ice crystal growth; Recrystallization; Snow crystal growth)
(Crystallization nuclei, use Ice crystal nuclei)
(Crystal optics, use Ice crystal optics)
Crystals
     See also: Ice crystals; Snow crystals
(Crystosphenes, use Ground ice)
Cubic ice
Culverts
(Currents, use Ocean currents; Tidal currents)
(Cutting, use Ice cutting)
(Cyclic variations, use Periodic variations)
(Cyclones, use Atmospheric disturbances)
Damage
Damping
Dams
     See also: Earth dams; Ice dams
Data processing
Data transmission
(Dating, use Age determination)
Decomposition
Defects
     See also: Crystal defects
(Deflation, use Wind erosion)
Deformation
     See also: Ice deformation; Plastic deformation; Rheology; Snow deformation
Defrosting
Degradation
Degree days
Dehumidification
(Deicing, use Ice prevention, Ice removal)
Deltas
Dendritic ice
(Dendrochronology, use Age determination)
Density (mass/volume)
     See also: Atmospheric density; Ice density; Snow density
(Density (number/volume), use Ion density (concentration); Particle size distribution)
(Deposits, use Alluvium, Avalanche deposits, Glacial deposits, Lacustrine deposits, Marine deposits, Moraines, Quaternary deposits, Sediments)
(Depth, use Permafrost depth; Snow depth)
Depth hoar
Desalting
Deserts
Desert soils
Desiccation
Design
Design criteria
     See also: Building codes
(Destructive effects, use Damage)
Detection
     See also: Crevasse detection; Ice detection; Moisture detection
(Deterioration, use Ice deterioration)
Detonation waves
(Deuterium oxide, use Heavy water)
Deuterium oxide ice
(Development, use Economic development; Land development; Landscape development; Natural resources)
Dew point
Diagenesis
Dictionaries
Dielectric properties
Diesel engines
(Diffraction, use X ray diffraction)
Diffusion
     See also: Ion diffusion; Self diffusion; Thermal diffusion; Turbulent diffusion; Vapor diffusion
(Digging, use Excavation)
Discontinuous permafrost
     See also: Taliks
Dislocations (materials)
Dispersions
(Disposal, use Snow disposal; Waste disposal)
Distilled water
Distribution
     See also: Permafrost distribution; Sea ice distribution; Snow cover distribution
(Disturbances, use Atmospheric disturbances)
Diurnal variations
Docks
     See also Piers; Wharves
(Domes, use Pingos)
Doped ice
Drainage
     See also: Runoff; Subglacial drainage; Subsurface drainage; Surface drainage
Drains
Dredging
Drift
     See also: Continental drift; Snowdrifts
Drift stations
Drill core analysis
     See also: Coring; Ice cores
Drilling
     See also: Offshore drilling; Percussion drilling; Rock drilling; Rotary drilling
Drilling fluids
Drills
     See also: Ice coring drills; Ice drills; Thermal drills
Drops (liquids)
     See also: Cloud droplets; Raindrops
Dry ice (trademark)
Drying
Ducts
Dust
     See also: Cosmic dust
Dust control
Dusting
Dynamic loads
Dynamic properties
Dynamometers
Earth crust
Earth dams
Earth fills
     See also: Hydraulic fill; Rock fills
Earthquakes
     See also: Seismology
Earthwork
     See also: Excavation; Trenching; Tunneling (excavation)
Echo sounding
Ecology
     See also: Ecosystems; Paleoecology; Plant ecology
Economic analysis
     See also: Cost analysis
Economic development
     See also: Land development; Landscape development; Natural resources
Economics
Ecosystems
     See also: Ecology; Forest ecosystems; Paleoecology; Plant ecology
Education
Elastic properties
     See also: Ice elasticity; Snow elasticity; Viscoelasticity
Elastic waves
(Electrical conductivity, use Electrical resistivity)
Electrical grounding
Electrical insulation
Electrical logging
Electrical measurement
Electrical properties
     See also: Dielectric properties; Geoelectricity; Ice electrical properties; Snow electrical properties
(Electrical prospecting, use Electromagnetic prospecting)
Electrical resistivity
(Electric cables, use Transmission lines)
Electric charge
     See also: Charge transfer; Static electricity
Electric corona
Electric equipment
Electric fields
Electric heating
Electricity
     See also: Atmospheric electricity; Cloud electrification; Geoelectricity; Hailstone electrification; Static electricity
Electric potential
Electric power
     See also: Nuclear power; Wind power generation
Electromagnetic properties
Electromagnetic prospecting
Electronic equipment
(Electronic computers, use Computers)
Electron microscopy
     See also: Scanning electron microscopy
Electron paramagnetic resonance
(Electron spin resonance, use Electron paramagnetic resonance)
(Electronic computers, use Computers)
Electroosmosis
(Elevation, use Altitude)
Embankments
(Emergency shelters, use Shelters)
Engineering
     See also: Avalanche engineering; Human factors engineering; Military engineering; Municipal engineering; Sanitary engineering
Engineering geology
Engines
     See also: Diesel engines; Jet engines
Engine starters
Enthalpy
(Entrainment, use Air entrainment)
(Entrance heating, use Transition heating)
Environmental impact
Environmental protection
Environmental tests
Environments
     See also: Arctic landscapes; Alpine landscapes; Deserts; Forest land; Landscape types; Littoral zone; Ocean environments; Planetary environments; Steppes; Subarctic landscapes; Taiga; Tundra
Environment simulation
Eolian soils
Epigenesis
Epitaxy
Equipment
     See also: Airborne equipment; Construction equipment; Electric equipment; Electronic equipment; Infrared equipment; Machinery; Military equipment; Photographic equipment; Portable equipment; Railroad equipment; Rescue equipment; Telemetering equipment; Test equipment
Erosion
     See also: Avalanche erosion; Bank protection (waterways); Glacial erosion; Ice erosion; Shore erosion; Snow erosion; Soil erosion; Water erosion; Wind erosion
(Errors, use Accuracy)
ERTS imagery
Estuaries
     See also: Deltas
Evaporation
     See also: Evapotranspiration; Ice sublimation; Snow evaporation; Sublimation;
Transpiration
Evaporation control
Evaporimeters
Evapotranspiration
Excavation
     See also: Earthwork; Pits (excavations); Rock excavation; Trenching; Tunneling (excavation)
(Expansion, use Thermal expansion)
Expeditions
     See also: Traverses
(Expenses, use Cost analysis)
Experimentation
Exploding wires
Exploration
Explosion effects
     See also: Blasting; Ice blasting; Nuclear explosions
Explosives
Exposure
     See also: Cold exposure; Orientation; Slope orientation
Extraterrestrial ice
(Extraterrestrial material, use Cosmic dust)
(Extremes, use Records (extremes))
(Facsimiles, use Replicas)
Falling bodies
Falling snow
Fallout
(Farming, use Agriculture)
Fast ice
Fatigue (materials)
(Fauna, use Animals)
(Faunal remains, use Fossils)
(Feeding (hydrology), use Alimentation
(Fences, use Snow fences)
Films
     See also: Water films
Filters
     See also: Optical filters
(Filtration, use Seepage)
Fines
     See also: Frozen fines
Fires
     See also: Forest fires
Firn
Firn stratification
(Fissure patterns, use Patterned ground)
Flexural strength
Floating ice
     See also: Ice floes
Floating structures
Flood control
Flood forecasting
Flooding
Floodplains
Floods
Floors
(Flora, use Plants (botany); Vegetation)
(Flow, use Air flow; Fluid flow; Glacier flow; Laminar flow; Pipe flow; Plastic flow; Rheology; River flow; Shear flow; Stream flow; Turbulent flow; Unsteady flow; Viscous flow; Water flow)
Flow control
Flow measurement
Flow rate
     See also: Water transport
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
     See also: Air flow; Glacier flow; Laminar flow; Pipe flow; Plastic flow; Rheology; River flow; Shear flow; Stream flow; Turbulent flow; Unsteady flow; Viscous flow; Water flow
(Fluid infiltration, use Seepage)
Fluid mechanics
(Fluids, use Liquids)
(Flumes, use Channels (waterways))
Fog
     See also: Advection fog; Ice fog; Supercooled fog
Fog dispersal
Fog formation
(Foliage, use Forest canopy)
Footings
     See also: Foundations; Pavement bases; Permafrost bases
Forecasting
     See also: Avalanche forecasting; Flood forecasting; Frost forecasting; Ice forecasting; Long range forecasting; Permafrost forecasting; Runoff forecasting; Weather forecasting
Forest canopy
Forest ecosystems
Forest fires
Forest land
Forest lines
Forest soils
(Forest trees, use Trees (plants)
Forest strips
     See also: Protective vegetation
Forestry
Forest tundra
Formwork (construction)
Fortifications
Fossil ice
Fossils
Foundations
     See also: Pavement bases; Permafrost bases; Roadbeds
Fractals
Fracture zones
Fracturing
Frazil ice
Freeze drying
Freezers
Freeze thaw cycles
     See also: Seasonal freeze thaw
Freeze thaw tests
Freezeup
Freezing
     See also: Artificial freezing; Concrete freezing; Ice formation; Pipeline freezing; Regelation; Sea water freezing; Seasonal freeze thaw; Soil freezing; Spray freezing; Vacuum freezing
(Freezing depth, use Frost penetration)
Freezing front
Freezing indexes
Freezing nuclei
(Freezing point depressants, use Antifreezes)
Freezing points
     See also: Melting points
Freezing potential (electrical)
Freezing rate
Friction
     See also: Glacier friction; Ice friction; Internal friction; Metal ice friction; Metal snow friction; Plastics ice friction; Plastics snow friction; Rubber ice friction; Rubber snow friction; Skid resistance; Wood ice friction; Wood snow friction
Frigorimeters
Fronts (meteorology)
Frost
Frost action
Frostbite
(Frost deposit, use Hoarfrost)
Frost forecasting
Frost heave
(Frost line, use Frost penetration)
Frost mounds
     See also: Hummocks; Pingos
Frost penetration
     See also: Thaw depth
Frost protection
Frost resistance
(Frost riving, use Frost shattering)
Frost shattering
Frost weathering
Frozen cargo
Frozen fines
Frozen ground
     See also: Geocryology; Soil freezing
Frozen ground chemistry
Frozen ground compression
Frozen ground expansion
Frozen ground mechanics
Frozen ground physics
Frozen ground settling
Frozen ground strength
Frozen ground temperature
Frozen ground thermodynamics
Frozen lakes
     See also: Icebound lakes
Frozen liquids
(Frozen rivers, use Icebound rivers)
Frozen rocks
Frozen rock strength
Frozen rock temperature
(Frozen soils, use Frozen ground)
Fuel additives
Fuels
Fuel transport
Fungi
Gamma irradiation
Gases
     See also: Carbon dioxide; Hydrogen; Liquefied gases; Natural gas; Oxygen
(Geographic names, use Gazetteers)
Gas inclusions
(Gas liquefaction, use Liquefied gases)
Gas pipelines
Gas production
Gas wells
Gazetteers
Geobotanical interpretation
Geochemical cycles
Geochemistry
Geochronology
Geocryology
Geodesy
Geodetic surveys
Geoelectricity
Geography
     See also: Biogeography
Geological maps
Geological surveys
Geologic processes
Geologic structures
Geology
     See also: Engineering geology; Glacial geology; Hydrogeology; Marine geology; Photogeology
Geomagnetism
Geomorphology
Geophysical surveys
Geotextiles
Geothermal prospecting
Geothermal thawing
Geothermometry
     See also: Underwater geothermal measurement
Geothermy
Glacial deposits
     See also: Moraines
Glacial erosion
Glacial geology
Glacial hydrology
     See also: Subglacial drainage
Glacial lakes
Glacial meteorology
(Glacial periods, use Ice age theory; Paleoclimatology; Pleistocene)
Glacial rivers
Glacial till
Glaciation
     See also: Alpine glaciation
Glacier ablation
Glacier alimentation
Glacier beds
(Glacier deposits, use Glacial deposits)
(Glacier erosion, use Glacial erosion)
Glacier flow
(Glacier fluctuation, use Glacier oscillation)
Glacier formation
Glacier friction
Glacier heat balance
Glacier ice
Glacier mass balance
Glacier melting
(Glacier movement, use Glacier flow)
Glacier oscillation
Glaciers
     See also: Cirque glaciers; Mountain glaciers; Rock glaciers
Glacier surfaces
Glacier surges
Glacier surveys
Glacier thickness
     See also: Ice cover thickness
Glacier tongues
(Glacier variation, use Glacier oscillation)
Glaciology
Glaze
     See also: Hoarfrost
(Glossaries, use Dictionaries)
Global change
Global warming
Gold
Grain size
     See also: Ice crystal size
Grasses
(Graupel, use Snow pellets)
Gravel
Gravimetric prospecting
Gravity
Gravity anomalies
Gravity waves
Grazing
Greenhouse effect
(Ground based smoke generators, use Smoke generators)
Grounded ice
(Ground effect machines, use Air cushion vehicles)
(Ground freezing, use Soil freezing)
Ground ice
     See also: Ice lenses; Ice veins; Ice wedges
(Grounding, use Electrical grounding)
(Ground temperature, use Soil temperature)
Ground thawing
Ground water
     See also: Soil water; Subpermafrost ground water; Suprapermafrost ground water; Water table
Grouting
Growth
Gullies
Hail
Hail clouds
Hail prevention
(Hail protection, use Hail prevention)
(Hail suppression, use Hail prevention)
Hailstone electrification
Hailstone growth
Hailstones
     See also: Artificial hailstones
Hailstone structure
(Hail suppression, use Hail prevention)
Hammers
(Handbooks, use Manuals)
(Harbors, use Ports)
(Hardening, use Concrete hardening)
Hardness
     See also: Ice hardness; Snow hardness
Hardness tests
Haze
Health
Heat
     See also: Latent heat; Specific heat
Heat balance
     See also: Glacier heat balance; Permafrost heat balance
(Heat conductivity, use Thermal conductivity)
Heat capacity
Heat flux
     See also: Heat transfer; Ice heat flux; Snow heat flux
Heating
     See also: Concrete heating; Electric heating; Pipeline heating; Radiant heating; Transition heating
Heat loss
(Heat measurement, use Temperature measurement)
Heat pipes
Heat pumps
Heat recovery
Heat sinks
Heat sources
Heat transfer
     See also: Heat flux; Permafrost heat transfer
Heat transfer coefficient
Heat transmission
(Heaving, use Frost heave)
Heavy water
Hedges
     See also: Snow hedges
(Height, use Altitude)
Height finding
     See also: Cloud height indicators
Helicopters
Heterogeneous nucleation
High pressure ice
High pressure tests
Highway planning
(Highways, use Roads)
History
Hoarfrost
     See also: Depth hoar
Holography
Homogeneous nucleation
(Hot air curtain, use Transition heating)
Hot oil lines
Hot springs
Houses
(Hovercraft, use Air cushion vehicles)
Human factors
Human factors engineering
Humidity
Hummocks
     See also: Frost mounds; Pingos
Hydrates
Hydraulic fill
     See also: Earth fills; Rock fills
Hydraulic jets
Hydraulics
Hydraulic structures
     See also: Dams; Docks; Locks (waterways); Offshore structures; Piers; Sluices (hydraulic engineering); Wharves
Hydrocarbons
Hydrodynamics
(Hydroelectric power, use Electric power)
Hydrofoil craft
Hydrogen
Hydrogen bonds
Hydrogen ion concentration
Hydrogeochemistry
Hydrogeology
Hydrography
(Hydroinsulation, use Waterproofing)
Hydrologic cycle
Hydrology
     See also: Glacial hydrology; Permafrost hydrology; Snow hydrology; Surface waters
(Hydrometeors, use Precipitation (meteorology))
Hydrothermal processes
Hygrometers
     See also: Moisture meters
Hygroscopicity
Hygroscopic nuclei
Hygroscopic water
(Hypothermia, use Cold exposure)
Ice
     See also: Amorphous ice; Artificial ice; Bottom ice; Capillary ice; Colored ice; Cubic ice; Dendritic ice; Deuterium oxide ice; Doped ice; Dry ice (Trademark); Extraterrestrial ice; Fast ice; Floating ice; Fossil ice; Frazil ice; Glacier ice; Glaciology; Ground ice; Grounded ice; High pressure ice; Interstitial ice; Lake ice; Land ice; Naleds; Pack ice; River ice; Salt ice; Sea ice; Snow ice; Spongy ice; Superheated ice; Underwater ice; Vitreous ice; Young ice
(Ice II-IX, use High pressure ice)
Ice accretion
     See also: Ice growth; Icing rate
Ice acoustics
Ice adhesion
(Ice age, use Pleistocene)
Ice age theory
Ice air interface
(Ice bearing capacity, use Ice cover strength)
Icebergs
Iceberg towing
Ice blasting
Iceboats
Ice booms
Ice bottom surface
Icebound lakes
     See also: Frozen lakes
Icebound rivers
Icebreakers
     See also: Ice breaking
Ice breaking
     See also: Ice cutting; Icebreakers
Ice breakup
(Ice bridges, use Ice crossings)
(Ice caps, use Ice sheets)
Ice caves
(Ice chemistry, use Ice composition)
Ice composition
Ice conditions
     See also: Sea ice distribution
Ice (construction material)
Ice control
     See also: Ice prevention
Ice cores
Ice coring drills
     See also: Ice drills
Ice cover
(Ice cover distribution, use Ice conditions; Sea ice distribution)
Ice cover effect
Ice cover strength
     See also: Ice strength
Ice cover thickness
     See also: Glacier thickness
Ice cracks
Ice creep
Ice crossings
Ice crystal adhesion
Ice crystal collision
Ice crystal growth
Ice crystal nuclei
Ice crystal optics
Ice crystal replicas
Ice crystals
Ice crystal size
Ice crystal structure
Ice cutting
Ice dams
Ice dating
Ice deformation
Ice density
Ice detection
Ice deterioration
(Ice distribution, use Ice conditions; Sea ice distribution)
(Ice domes, use Pingos)
(Ice drift, use Drift)
Ice dielectrics
Ice drills
     See also: Ice coring drills
(Ice dusting, use Dusting)
Ice edge
Ice elasticity
Ice electrical properties
Ice erosion
(Ice evaporation, use Ice sublimation)
Icefalls
Ice filaments
Ice floes
Ice fog
Ice forecasting
Ice formation
     See also: Freezing; Icing; Sea water freezing; Spray freezing
Ice formation indicators
(Ice free reaches, use Polynyas)
Ice friction
     See also: Metal ice friction; Plastics ice friction; Rubber ice friction; Wood ice friction
(Ice gouging, use Ice scoring)
Ice grinders
Ice growth
     See also: Ice accretion; Icing rate
Ice hardness
Ice heat flux
Ice heat loss
(Ice impurities, use Impurities)
Ice islands
Ice jams
Ice lenses
Ice loads
Ice makers
Ice mechanics
Ice melting
(Ice metal friction, use Metal ice friction)
Ice microstructure
Ice models
(Ice mounds, use Frost mounds)
(Ice movement poles, use Markers)
Ice navigation
Ice needles
Ice nuclei
Ice openings
     See also: Polynyas
Ice optics
Ice override
Ice passing
Ice physics
Ice pileup
Ice plasticity
(Ice plastics friction, use Plastics ice friction)
Ice pressure
     See also: Ice push; Ice loads; Pressure ridges
(Ice pressure ridges, use Pressure ridges)
Ice prevention
     See also: Chemical ice prevention; Ice control; Ice removal; Salting
Ice push
Icequakes
Ice rafting
(Ice reconnaissance, use Ice reporting; Ice conditions; Ice surveys)
Ice refrigeration
(Ice regime, use Ice conditions)
Ice relaxation
Ice removal
Ice reporting
     See also: Ice surveys
(Ice ridges, use Pressure ridges)
Ice roads
Ice routing
(Ice rubber friction, use Rubber ice friction)
Ice runways
Ice salinity
Ice sampling
Ice scoring
     See also: Striations
(Ice scouring, use Ice scoring)
(Ice service, use Ice reporting)
Ice sheets
Ice shelves
Ice sintering
(Ice snow interface, use Snow ice interface)
Ice solid interface
Ice spectroscopy
(Ice stakes, use Markers)
Ice storms
Ice strength
     See also: Ice cover strength
Ice structure
Ice sublimation
Ice surface
     See also: Glacier surface
Ice surveys
     See also: Ice reporting
Ice temperature
Ice thermal properties
(Ice thickness, use Glacier thickness; Ice cover thickness)
(Ice tongues, use Glacier tongues)
(Ice transported sediments, use Ice rafting)
Ice tunnels
(Ice underside, use Ice bottom surface)
Ice vapor interface
Ice veins
     See also: Ground ice; Ice wedges
Ice volume
Ice water interface
Ice (water storage)
(Ice wedge polygons, use Patterned ground)
Ice wedges
     See also: Ground ice; Ice veins
Ice wharves
(Ice wood friction, use Wood ice friction)
Icicles
Icing
     See also: Aircraft icing; Glaze; Ice loads; Power line icing; Road icing; Ship icing
(Icing detection, use Ice detection)
(Icing load, use Ice loads)
Icing rate
     See also: Ice accretion
(Igloos, use Snow houses)
Illuminating
(Illumination, use Sunlight)
Image processing
Imaging
Impact
Impact strength
Impact tests
Impurities
     See also: Gas inclusions; Snow impurities
Indexes (ratios)
Indicating instruments
     See also: Monitors; Thermostats
(Indices, use Permafrost indicators)
Indoor climates
Industrial buildings
(Industrial development, use Economic development)
(Industrial plants, use Industrial buildings)
(Infiltraton, use Permeability; Seepage)
Inflatable structures
Infrared equipment
Infrared mapping
Infrared photography
Infrared radiation
Infrared reconnaissance
(Infrared spectrometers, use Spectrometers)
Infrared spectroscopy
(Inlets, use Water intakes)
Insolation
     See also: Solar radiation
(Instrument errors, use Accuracy)
Instruments
     See also: Borehole instruments; Indicating instruments; Measuring instruments; Meteorological instruments; Radiation measuring instruments; Recording instruments; Strain measuring instruments
Insulation
     See also: Electrical insulation; Pipeline insulation; Thermal insulation
(Intake systems, use Water intakes)
Interception
Interfaces
     See also: Air water interactions; Ice air interface; Ice solid interface; Ice vapor interface; Ice water interface; Liquid solid interfaces; Snow air interface; Snow ice interface; Soil air interface
Interfacial tension
(Intergelisol, use Pereletoks)
Internal friction
International cooperation
Interstitial ice
Introduced plants
(Inversions, use Temperature inversions)
Ion density (concentration)
     See also: Hydrogen ion concentration
Ion diffusion
Ion exchange
Ionization
Ions
Irrigation
(Islands, use Artificial islands; Ice islands)
Isostasy
(Isothermal chambers, use Cold chambers)
Isotherms
Isotope analysis
Isotopes
     See also: Carbon isotopes; Oxygen isotopes; Radioactive isotopes
Isotopic labeling
Jet engines
(Jets, use Hydraulic jets)
Joints (junctions)
(Kaolinite, use Clay minerals)
Karst
     See also: Thermokarst
Laboratories
Laboratory techniques
(Labor costs, use Work time standards)
Labor factors
Lacustrine deposits
Lake bursts
Lake effects
Lake ice
Lakes
     See also: Frozen lakes; Glacial lakes; Icebound lakes; Limnology; Ponds; Reservoirs; Salt lakes; Thermokarst lakes
Lake water
Laminar flow
Land development
(Landform identification, use Terrain identification)
Landforms
     See also: Offshore landforms
Land ice
(Landing fields, use Aircraft landing areas)
(Landing strips, use Aircraft landing areas; Ice runways; Runways)
Land reclamation
     See also: Revegetation
LANDSAT
Landscape development
Landscape types
     See also: Alpine landscapes; Arctic landscapes; Deserts; Environments; Forest land; Forest tundra; Karst; Littoral zone; Ocean environments; Polar regions; Steppes; Subarctic landscapes; Subpolar regions; Taiga; Tundra
Landslide control
Landslides
     See also: Mudflows
Large panel buildings
(Large unit construction, use Modular construction)
Lasers
Latent heat
Lattice models
Latticed structures
(Laws, use Legislation)
Layers
     See also: Stratification
Leaching
Lead iodide
Leakage
     See also: Air leakage
Legislation
Levees
(Level, use Altitude; Sea level; Water level
Leveling
(Levels (height), use Altitude)
Lichens
Lidar
Life (durability)
Light effects
(Lighting, use Illuminating)
Lightning
Light scattering
Light transmission
     See also: Ice crystal optics; Ice optics; Snow optics
Light (visible radiation)
Lightweight concretes
Liming
Limnology
     See also: Lakes
Linings
Liquefied gases
Liquid cooling
Liquid phases
Liquids
     See also: Frozen liquids
Liquid solid interfaces
Lithology
Litter
Littoral zone
Loading
     See also: Unloading
Loads (forces)
     See also: Dynamic loads; Ice loads; Ice pressure; Pile load tests; Snow loads; Soil pressure; Static loads; Water pressure; Wind pressure
Loams
Locks (waterways)
Loess
(Logging, use Electrical logging; Radioactive logging; Recording; Well logging)
(Logging (recording), use Recording)
Logistics
Long range forecasting
Low frequencies
Low temperature research
Low temperature tests
Lubricants
Luminance
Luminescence
     See also: Thermoluminescence
Machinery
Magma
Magnetic anomalies
Magnetic properties
Magnetic resonance
     See also: Nuclear magnetic resonance
Magnetic surveys
(Magnetism, use Geomagnetism)
Magnetometers
Maintenance
     See also: Road maintenance; Subgrade maintenance; Winter maintenance
(Manhattan, use S.S. Manhattan)
Manuals
Manufacturing
Mapping
     See also: Infrared mapping; Sensor mapping; Soil mapping; Stereomapping
Maps
     See also: Charts; Geological maps; Meteorological charts; Topographic maps
(Marginal ice zone, use Ice edge)
Marine atmospheres
Marine biology
Marine deposits
     See also: Sediments
Marine geology
Marine meteorology
Marine transportation
Markers
(Marking, use Isotopic labeling)
(Marshes, use Swamps)
Mars (planet)
Masonry
Mass balance
     See also: Glacier mass balance
(Mass exchange, use Mass transfer)
Mass flow
Mass movements (geology)
Mass transfer
     See also: Permafrost mass transfer
Materials
     See also: Cellular materials; Construction materials; Porous materials; Viscoelastic materials
(Mathematical analysis, use Analysis (mathematics))
Mathematical models
     See also: Computerized simulation
Meadow soils
Measurement
     See also: Acoustic measurement; Electrical measurement; Flow measurement; Geothermometry; Height finding; Photogrammetry; Photometry; Radiometry; Recording; Remote sensing; Sampling; Sounding; Spectroscopy; Temperature measurement; Underwater geothermal measurement; Velocity measurement; Well logging
Measuring instruments
     See also: Airborne radar; Barometers; Borehole instruments; Calorimeters; Cloud height indicators; Dynamometers; Evaporimeters; Frigorimeters; Hygrometers; Magnetometers; Meteorological instruments; Moisture meters; Nucleus counters; Penetrometers; Photometers; Precipitation gages; Probes; Psychrometers; Radiation measuring instruments; Snow pillows; Snow survey tools; Strain measuring instruments; Thermistors; Thermocouples; Thickness gages
(Mechanical ice prevention, use Ice removal)
Mechanical properties
     See also: Avalanche mechanics; Ice mechanics; Rock mechanics; Snow mechanics; Soil mechanics
Mechanical tests
Meetings
Melting
     See also: Artificial melting; Glacier melting; Ice melting; Snow melting
Melting points
Meltwater
     See also: Snowmelt
Metal ice friction
Metals
     See also: Aluminum; Gold; Steels
Metal snow friction
Metamorphism (snow)
     See also: Snow recrystallization
Meteorological charts
Meteorological data
Meteorological factors
Meteorological instruments
     See also: Anemometers; Barometers; Cloud height indicators; Evaporimeters; Frigorimeters; Hygrometers; Nucleus counters; Precipitation gages; Psychrometers; Radiation measuring instruments; Snow pillows; Snow survey tools; Thermistors; Thermocouples
Meteorology
     See also: Atmospheric physics; Glacial meteorology; Marine meteorology; Synoptic meteorology; Weather
Microanalysis
Microbiology
     See also: Bacteria; Cryobiology; Soil microbiology
Microclimatology
     See also: Indoor climates
Microelement content
Microrelief
Microscope slides
     See also: Thin sections
(Microscopy, use Electron microscopy; Scanning electron microscopy)
Microstructure
     See also: Ice microstructure
Microwaves
Migration
     See also: Soil water migration; Surface migration
Military engineering
Military equipment
Military facilities
Military operation
Military research
(Military supplies, use Logistics)
Military transportation
Mineralogy
Minerals
     See also: Clay minerals
(Mines (excavations), use Mining)
Mines (ordnance)
Mine shafts
Mining
     See also: Mine shafts; Placer mining; Quarries; Shaft sinking
Models
     See also: Avalanche modeling; Computerized simulation; Ice models; Lattice models; Mathematical models; Simulation
Modification
Modular construction
Moisture
     See also: Humidity; Soil water; Water content
Moisture detection
Moisture meters
Moisture transfer
     See also: Soil water migration
Molecular energy levels
Molecular structure
Monitors
     See also: Warning systems
Monomolecular films
(Montmorillonite, use Clay minerals)
Moon
Moorings
(Morainal lakes, use Glacial lakes)
Moraines
(Morphogenesis, use Geomorphology)
(Morphology, use Geomorphology; Snow morphology)
Mortars
Mosses
(Motors, use Engines)
Motor vehicles
     See also: All terrain vehicles; Amphibious vehicles; Snow vehicles; Tank trucks; Tracked vehicles; Tractors
Mountain glaciers
Mountains
Mountain soils
(Mountain tundra, use Alpine tundra)
Mud
(Mud circulation, use Drilling fluids)
Mudflows
Municipal engineering
     See also: Urban planning
Muskeg
Naleds
Natural gas
Natural resources
Navigation
     See also: Ice navigation; Subglacial navigation
(Needle ice, use Ice needles)
Neutron activation analysis
Neutron cross sections
Neutron diffraction
Neutron irradiation
Neutron probes
Neutrons
Neutron scattering
Night vision
(Nitrogen cycle, use Nutrient cycle)
Nival relief
Nivation
Noise (sound)
(Nomenclature, use Terminology)
Nomographs
Noncohesive soils
Northwest passage
Nuclear explosions
Nuclear magnetic resonance
     See also: Electron paramagnetic resonance
Nuclear power
(Nuclear wastes, use Radioactive wastes)
Nucleating agents
     See also: Dry ice (trademark); Lead iodide; Silver iodide
Nucleation
     See also: Artificial nucleation; Condensation nuclei; Freezing nuclei; Heterogeneous nucleation; Homogeneous nucleation; Hygroscopic nuclei; Ice crystal nuclei; Ice nuclei; Organic nuclei; Snow crystal nuclei; Two dimensional nucleation
Nucleation rate
(Nuclei, use Condensation nuclei; Freezing nuclei; Hygroscopic nuclei; Ice crystal nuclei; Ice nuclei; Organic nuclei; Snow crystal nuclei)
Nucleus counters
(Numerical analysis, use Analysis (mathematics))
(Numerical models, use Mathematical models)
Nunataks
Nutrient cycle
Oblique photography
(Ocean air interface, use Air water interactions)
(Ocean atmosphere interactions, use Air water interactions)
Ocean bottom
     See also: Bottom sediment; Bottom topography
Ocean currents
     See also: Tidal currents
Ocean environments
Oceanographic ships
Oceanographic surveys
Oceanography
Oceans
(Ocean tides, use Tides)
Ocean waves
Offshore drilling
Offshore landforms
(Offshore permafrost, use Subsea permafrost)
Offshore structures
     See also: Floating structures; Hydraulic structures
(Oil, use Crude oil)
(Oil industry, use Petroleum industry)
(Oil products, use Petroleum products)
Oil recovery
Oil spills
Oil storage
(Oil transportation, use Petroleum transportation)
Oil wells
(Operating costs, use Cost analysis)
Optical filters
Optical absorption
Optical phenomena
Optical properties
     See also: Albedo; Atmospheric attenuation; Attenuation; Ice crystal optics; Ice optics; Light transmission; Reflectivity; Snow optics; Transmissivity
(Optical transmission, use Light transmission)
Organic nuclei
Organic soils
Organizations
Orientation
     See also: Slope orientation
Origin
(Orographic effects, use Topographic effects)
Oscillations
     See also: Glacier oscillation; Vibration
Outwash
Oxygen
Oxygen isotopes
Ozone
Pack ice
(Paints, use Protective coatings)
Paleobotany
Paleoclimatology
Paleoecology
(Palsen, use Frost mounds)
Paludification
Palynology
     See also: Pollen
(Panel heating, use Radiant heating)
Panels
     See also: Large panel buildings
(Particle collision, use Ice crystal collision)
Particles
     See also: Aerosols
Particle size distribution
Patterned ground
     See also: Polygonal topography; Soil patterns
Pavement bases
(Pavement heaving, use Frost heave)
(Pavement icing, use Road icing)
Pavements
     See also: Concrete pavements
Paving
Peat
(Peatbog ice, use Ground ice)
(Pedogenesis, use Soil formation)
(Pedology, use Soil science)
(Pellets, use Snow pellets)
Penetration
     See also: Projectile penetration
Penetration tests
Penetrometers
Percussion drilling
Pereletoks
(Perennially frozen ground, use Permafrost)
Performance
     See also: Cold weather performance
Periglacial processes
     See also: Glacial deposits
Periodic variations
Permafrost
     See also: Continuous permafrost; Discontinuous permafrost; Sporadic permafrost; Subsea permafrost
Permafrost bases
(Permafrost beneath buildings, use Permafrost beneath structures)
(Permafrost beneath dams, use Permafrost beneath structures)
Permafrost beneath lakes
(Permafrost beneath oceans, use Subsea permafrost)
Permafrost beneath rivers
Permafrost beneath roads
(Permafrost beneath seas, use Subsea permafrost)
Permafrost beneath structures
Permafrost control
     See also: Permafrost preservation
Permafrost dating
Permafrost depth
Permafrost distribution
Permafrost forecasting
(Permafrost formation, use Permafrost origin)
Permafrost heat balance
Permafrost heat transfer
Permafrost hydrology
Permafrost indicators
Permafrost mass transfer
Permafrost origin
Permafrost physics
Permafrost preservation
     See also: Permafrost control
Permafrost samplers
Permafrost structure
Permafrost surveys
Permafrost thermal properties
Permafrost thickness
Permafrost transformation
Permafrost weathering
Permeability
     See also: Seepage; Snow permeability
(Petroleum, use Crude oil)
Petroleum industry
Petroleum products
Petroleum transportation
Phase transformations
     See also: Solid phases
Phenology
(Phosphorus cycle, use Nutrient cycle)
Photochemical reactions
Photogeology
Photogrammetric surveys
Photogrammetry
Photographic equipment
     See also: Stereoscopic cameras
Photographic reconnaissance
Photographic techniques
Photography
     See also: Cinematography; Infrared photography; Oblique photography; Radar photography; Spaceborne photography; Stereophotography
Photointerpretation
     See also: Geobotanical interpretation
Photometers
(Photometric analysis, use Photometry)
Photometry
Photosynthesis
Physical properties
     See also: Atmospheric physics; Frozen ground physics; Ice physics; Permafrost physics; Snow physics; Soil physics
Physiological effects
(Physiology, use Plant physiology)
Piers
     See also: Docks; Wharves
Pile driving
Pile extraction
Pile load tests
(Pile pulling tests, use Pile extraction)
Piles
     See also: Concrete piles
Pile structures
Pingos
     See also: Frost mounds; Hummocks
Pipe flow
Pipe laying
Pipeline freezing
Pipeline heating
Pipeline insulation
Pipelines
     See also: Gas pipelines; Hot oil lines; Suspended pipelines; Underground pipelines; Water pipelines
Pipeline supports
Pipes (tubes)
     See also: Heat pipes; Water pipes
(Piston corers, use Core samplers)
Pit and mound topography
Pits (excavations)
(Place names, use Gazetteers)
Placer mining
Plains
     See also: Floodplains
Planetary environments
     See also: Mars (planet); Venus (planet)
Plankton
Plant ecology
     See also: Forest ecosystems
(Plant introduction, use Introduced plants)
(Plant location, use Site surveys)
Plant physiology
Plants (botany)
Plant tissues
(Plastic coatings, use Protective coatings)
Plastic deformation
Plastic flow
Plasticity tests
Plastic properties
     See also: Ice plasticity; Snow plasticity
Plastics
     See also: Cellular plastics
Plastics ice friction
Plastics snow friction
Plates
Pleistocene
     See also: Ice age theory
Podsol
Polar atmospheres
(Polar deserts, use Deserts)
(Polar equipment, use Equipment)
Polarization (charge separation)
Polarization (waves)
Polar regions
     See also: Arctic landscapes
Polar stratospheric clouds
Pollen
     See also: Palynology
Pollution
     See also: Air pollution; Fallout; Impurities; Oil spills; Snow impurities; Soil pollution; Thermal pollution; Water pollution
(Polycrystalline ice, use Ice crystals)
Polygonal topography
     See also: Patterned ground
Polymers
Polynyas
     See also: Ice openings
(Polywater, use Anomalous water)
Ponds
Pontoon bridges
Porosity
Porous materials
Portable equipment
Portable shelters
Ports
Power line icing
Power lines
     See also: Transmission lines
Power line supports
(Power supply, use Electric power; Nuclear power; Wind power generation)
Precast concretes
Precipitation gages
Precipitation (meteorology)
     See also: Hail; Rain; Snowfall
(Prefabricated buildings, use Prefabrication)
Prefabrication
Preserving
     See also: Storage
Pressure
     See also: Atmospheric pressure; Ice pressure; Soil pressure; Vapor pressure; Water pressure; Wind pressure
Pressure ridges
Prestressed concretes
(Prevention, use Countermeasures)
(Primary productivity, use Biomass)
Probes
(Production, use Manufacturing)
Profiles
     See also: Soil profiles; Stratigraphy
Projectile penetration
(Projects, use Research projects)
Propagation
     See also: Wave propagation
Propellers
(Prospecting, use Electromagnetic prospecting; Exploration; Geothermal prospecting; Gravimetric prospecting; Seismic surveys; Surveys)
Protection
     See also: Bank protection (waterways); Countermeasures; Environmental protection; Frost protection; Slope protection; Soil stabilization
Protective coatings
     See also: Surfactants
Protective vegetation
     See also: Forest strips; Snow hedges
Protons
Proton transport
Psychrometers
Pumps
Quarries
Quaternary deposits
Radar
     See also: Airborne radar; Side looking radar; Synthetic aperture radar
Radar echoes
Radar photography
(Radar reflections, use Radar echoes)
Radar tracking
Radiance
Radiant cooling
Radiant heating
Radiation
     See also: Gamma irradiation; Infrared radiation; Light (visible radiation); Microwaves; Neutron irradiation; Radio waves; Solar radiation; Thermal radiation; Ultraviolet radiation
Radiation absorption
Radiation balance
Radiation measurement
     See also: Radiometry
Radiation measuring instruments
Radioactive age determination
(Radioactive fallout, use Fallout)
Radioactive isotopes
(Radioactive labeling, use Isotopic labeling)
Radioactive logging
Radioactive wastes
Radioactivity
Radio beacons
Radiobiology
(Radiocarbon dating, use Radioactive age determination)
Radio communication
Radio echo soundings
Radiometry
     See also: Radiation measuring instruments
(Radio towers, use Towers)
Radio waves
Radomes
(Rafting, use Ice rafting)
Railroad cars
Railroad equipment
Railroads
     See also: Cable railways
(Railroad subgrades, use Subgrades)
Railroad tracks
Railroad tunnels
(Railways, use Railroads)
Rain
Raindrops
(Ravines, use Gullies)
(Reactions, use Photochemical reactions)
(Reclamation, use Land reclamation)
(Reconnaissance, use Aerial surveys; Infrared reconnaissance; Photographic reconnaissance)
Recording
Recording instruments
Records (extremes)
Recrystallization
     See also: Snow recrystallization
(Recycling, use Heat recovery; Oil recovery; Sewage treatment; Waste treatment)
Reflection
     See also: Seismic reflection; Specular reflection
Reflectivity
     See also: Albedo; Brightness
(Reforestation, use Forestry, Revegetation)
Refraction
     See also: Seismic refraction
Refractivity
Refrigeration
     See also: Cooling systems; Ice refrigeration
(Refuse, use Wastes)
Regelation
Regional planning
Regolith
Reinforced concretes
Relaxation (mechanics)
     See also: Ice relaxation
(Relief, use Microrelief; Topographic features)
(Remanence, use Remanent magnetism)
Remanent magnetism
Remote sensing
Replicas
     See also: Ice crystal replicas
(Reporting, use Ice reporting)
(Research institutions, use Laboratories)
Rescue equipment
Rescue operations
Research projects
     See also: Low temperature research; Military research
(Research vessels, use Oceanographic ships)
Reservoirs
Residential buildings
Resins
Resistance thermometers
Resolution
Resonance
(Resources, use Natural resources)
(Retention, use Snow retention; Water retention)
Revegetation
     See also: Introduced plants
Rheology
     See also: Plastic flow
(Ridges, use Pressure ridges)
(Rime, use Hoarfrost)
(River banks, use Banks (waterways))
River basins
     See also: Watersheds
River crossings
     See also: Bridges; Ice crossings
(River deposits, use Alluvium)
River flow
     See also: Runoff; Stream flow
River ice
Rivers
     See also: Glacial rivers; Icebound rivers; Streams
(River temperatures, use Water temperature)
Roadbeds
(Road construction, use Construction)
Road icing
Road maintenance
Roads
     See also: Ice roads; Snow roads; Streets
(Rock creep, use Talus)
Rock drilling
Rock excavation
Rock fills
     See also: Earth fills; Hydraulic fills
Rock glaciers
Rock magnetism
     See also: Remanent magnetism
Rock mechanics
Rock properties
Rocks
     See also: Frozen rocks; Lithology
Rock streams
(Rock temperatures, use Frozen rock temperatures)
Roofs
Roots
Rotary drilling
Roughness coefficient
     See also: Surface roughness
Route surveys
Rubber
Rubber ice friction
Rubber snow friction
Runoff
     See also: Stream flow
Runoff forecasting
Runways
     See also: Aircraft landing areas; Ice runways
Safety
     See also: Accidents
(Saline ice, use Salt ice)
Saline soils
Salinity
     See also: Ice salinity
(Salt content, use Salinity)
(Salt extraction, use Desalting)
Salt ice
Salting
Salt lakes
(Salt spray, use Sea spray)
Salt water
     See also: Sea water
Samplers
     See also: Core samplers; Permafrost samplers; Snow samplers
Sampling
     See also: Ice sampling
Sanding
Sands
Sanitary engineering
(SAR, use Synthetic aperture radar)
Sastrugi
(Satellites, use Spacecraft)
Satellites (natural)
Saturation
     See also: Supersaturation
Saws
Scanning electron microscopy
     See also: Electron microscopy
Scattering
     See also: Backscattering; Light scattering; Neutron scattering
Scavenging
Scintillation
(Sea air interaction, use Air water interactions)
Sea clutter
(Sea current gages, use Flow measurement)
(Sea currents, use Ocean currents)
(Sea floor, use Ocean bottom)
Sea ice
Sea ice distribution
Sea level
Sealing
Seasonal ablation
Seasonal freeze thaw
     See also: Freeze thaw cycles
(Seasonal thaw layer, use Active layer; Thaw depth)
Seasonal variations
Sea spray
Sea states
(Sea transportation, use Marine transportation)
Sea water
(Sea water brines, use Brines)
(Sea water composition, use Chemical composition)
Sea water freezing
(Sea waves, use Ocean waves)
Sedimentation
Sediments
     See also: Alluvium; Avalanche deposits; Bottom sediment; Glacial deposits; Lacustrine deposits; Marine deposits; Moraines; Outwash; Quaternary deposits; Suspended sediments
Sediment transport
Seepage
     See also: Permeability
Seismic reflection
Seismic refraction
Seismic surveys
Seismic velocity
Seismology
     See also: Earthquakes
Self diffusion
Semiconductors (materials)
Sensor mapping
Sensors
Settlement (structural)
     See also: Frozen ground settling
Sewage
Sewage disposal
     See also: Waste disposal
Sewage treatment
     See also: Aeration; Waste treatment
Shafts (excavations)
     See also: Mine shafts
Shaft sinking
(Shaped charge effects, use Explosives)
(Shattering, use Frost shattering)
Shear flow
Shear modulus
Shear properties
Shear rate
Shear strain
Shear strength
Shear stress
(Shelf ice, use Ice shelves)
Shells
(Shelterbelts, use Forest strips)
Shelters
     See also: Portable shelters
Ship icing
Ships
     See also: Hydrofoil craft; Icebreakers; Marine transportation; Oceanographic ships; Submarines; Tanker ships
Shock waves
Shore erosion
(Shore ice, use Fast ice)
Shoreline modification
Shores
     See also: Banks (waterways); Beaches; Coastal topographic features; Littoral zone
Side looking radar
Sidewalks
Silver iodide
(Silver iodide generators, use Smoke generators)
Simulation
     See also: Computerized simulation; Environment simulation; Models
(Sinks, use Heat sinks)
Sintering
     See also: Ice sintering
Site accessibility
Site surveys
Skid resistance
     See also: Traction
Skis
(Slab avalanches, use Snow slides)
Sleds
(Slide sections, use Microscope slides; Thin sections)
Sliding
     See also: Basal sliding
Slope orientation
Slope processes
Slope protection
Slopes
Slope stability
Sludges
Sluices (hydraulic engineering)
Slush
     See also: Wet snow
Smoke generators
Snow
     See also: Artificial snow; Blowing snow; Colored snow; Falling snow; Slush; Wet snow
Snow accumulation
Snow acoustics
Snow air interface
(Snow collapse, use Snowquakes)
Snow compaction
Snow composition
Snow compression
Snow (construction material)
Snow cornices
Snow courses
Snow cover
Snow cover distribution
Snow cover effect
Snow cover stability
     See also: Snow stabilization
(Snow cover stratification, use Snow stratigraphy)
Snow cover structure
(Snow cover thickness, use Snow depth)
Snow creep
Snow crust
Snow crystal growth
Snow crystal nuclei
Snow crystals
Snow crystal structure
Snow deformation
(Snow densification, use Snow compression)
Snow density
Snow depth
Snow deterioration
Snow disposal
     See also: Snow removal
(Snow distribution, use Snow cover distribution)
(Snow drifts, use Snowdrifts)
Snowdrifts
Snow elasticity
Snow electrical properties
Snow erosion
Snow evaporation
Snowfall
Snow fences
Snowflakes
(Snow gages, use Precipitation gages)
(Snow glide, use Snow slides)
Snow hardness
Snow heat flux
Snow hedges
(Snow highways, use Snow roads)
Snow houses
Snow hydrology
Snow ice
Snow ice interface
Snow impurities
Snow line
Snow loads
Snow manufacturing
     See also: Artificial snow
Snow mechanics
Snowmelt
     See also: Meltwater; Snow melting
Snow melting
(Snow metal friction, use Metal snow friction)
(Snow metamorphism, use Metamorphism (snow))
(Snowmobiles, use Snow vehicles)
Snow morphology
Snow optics
Snow pellets
Snow permeability
Snow physics
Snow pillows
(Snow plastics friction, use Plastics snow friction)
Snowplanes
Snow plasticity
(Snowplows, use Snow removal equipment)
(Snow precipitation, use Snowfall)
Snowquakes
Snow recrystallization
     See also: Metamorphism (snow)
Snow removal
Snow removal equipment
Snow retention
Snow roads
(Snow rubber friction, use Rubber snow friction)
Snow samplers
Snowsheds
Snow slides
Snow stabilization
     See also: Snow cover stability
Snow stakes
Snowstorms
Snow stratigraphy
Snow strength
(Snow structure, use Snow cover structure)
Snow surface
     See also: Glacier surfaces
Snow surface temperature
Snow survey tools
Snow surveys
Snow temperature
Snow thermal properties
Snow trenches
Snow tunnels
Snow vehicles
Snow water content
Snow water equivalent
(Snow wood friction, use Wood snow friction)
(Societies, use Organizations)
Sodar
Soil aggregates
Soil air interface
Soil analysis
Soil cement
Soil chemistry
Soil classification
Soil colloids
Soil compaction
Soil composition
Soil conservation
     See also: Soil erosion; Slope protection
Soil creep
Soil dating
Soil erosion
     See also: Gullies; Soil conservation
(Soil fluidization, use Thixotropy)
Soil formation
Soil freezing
Soil mapping
Soil mechanics
     See also: Frozen ground mechanics
Soil microbiology
(Soil moisture, use Soil water)
Soil patterns
Soil physics
     See also: Frozen ground physics; Permafrost physics
Soil pollution
Soil pressure
Soil profiles
Soils
     See also: Chernozem; Clay soils; Coagulate soils; Cryogenic soils; Desert soils; Fines; Forest soils; Frozen ground; Meadow soils; Mountain soils; Noncohesive soils; Organic soils; Podsol; Saline soils; Subgrade soils
Soil science
(Soil settling, use Settlement (structural))
(Soil solutions, use Soil water)
Soil stabilization
Soil strength
Soil structure
Soil surveys
Soil temperature
     See also: Frozen ground temperature
Soil tests
Soil texture
(Soil thawing, use Ground thawing)
Soil trafficability
(Soil veins, use Patterned ground)
Soil water
     See also: Ground water; Unfrozen water content
Soil water migration
Solar activity
Solar radiation
(Solar visible spectrum, use Sunlight)
Solidification
(Solid liquid interfaces, use Liquid solid interfaces)
Solid phases
Solids
Solifluction
Solubility
Solutions
(Sonar, use Acoustic measurement)
(Sonic velocity, use Sound transmission)
Sorting
(Sound, use Acoustics)
Sounding
     See also: Echo sounding; Radio echo soundings
Sound transmission
Sound waves
Spaceborne photography
     See also: LANDSAT
Spacecraft
Specifications
     See also: Building codes; Design criteria; Standards
Specific heat
(Specific retention (hydrology), use Water retention)
(Specific volume, use Density (mass/volume))
Spectra
Spectroscopy
     See also: Ice spectroscopy; Infrared spectroscopy
Specular reflection
Spheres
Spillways
Spongy ice
Sporadic permafrost
(Spray, use Sea spray)
Spray freezing
Springs (water)
     See also: Hot springs
S.S. Manhattan
Stability
     See also: Slope stability; Snow cover stability; Static stability
Stabilization
     See also: Channel stabilization; Snow stabilization; Soil stabilization
Standards
     See also: Building codes; Design criteria; Work time standards
(Starters, use Engine starters)
Static electricity
Static loads
Static stability
Stations
     See also: Drift stations; Weather stations
Statistical analysis
Steam
(Steam curing, use Concrete curing)
Steels
Steel structures
Stefan problem
Steppes
Stereomapping
Stereophotography
Stereoscopic cameras
Stereoscopy
(Stereotemplate triangulation, use Stereomapping)
Storage
     See also: Cold storage; Ice (water storage); Oil storage; Snow retention; Underground storage; Water storage
Storage tanks
     See also: Tanks (containers)
Storms
     See also: Ice storms; Snowstorms; Thunderstorms
Strain measuring instruments
(Strain relaxation, use Relaxation (mechanics))
Strains
     See also: Shear strain
Strain tests
Stratification
     See also: Firn stratification; Snow stratigraphy
Stratigraphy
     See also: Firn stratification; Snow stratigraphy
Stratosphere
Stream flow
     See also: River flow; Runoff
Streams
     See also: Rock streams
Streets
Strength
     See also: Bearing strength; Concrete strength; Flexural strength; Frozen ground strength; Frozen rock strength; Ice cover strength; Ice strength; Impact strength; Shear strength; Snow strength; Soil strength; Tensile properties; Ultimate strength
Stress concentration
Stresses
     See also: Cold stress; Shear stress; Strength; Tensile
properties; Thermal stresses
(Stress relaxation, use Relaxation (mechanics))
Stress strain diagrams
Striations
     See also: Ice scoring
Structural analysis
Structural changes
Structures
     See also: Buildings; Concrete structures; Floating structures; Hydraulic structures; Inflatable structures; Offshore structures; Pile structures; Steel structures; Subsurface structures; Superstructures; Surface structure; Underground facilities; Undersnow facilities; Wooden structures
(Studs, use Tires)
(Styrofoam, use Cellular plastics)
(Subarctic regions, use Subpolar regions)
Subarctic landscapes
Subglacial caves
Subglacial drainage
Subglacial navigation
Subglacial observations
Subgrade maintenance
Subgrade preparation
Subgrades
     See also: Foundations; Pavement bases; Permafrost bases; Roadbeds
Subgrade soils
Sublimation
     See also: Evaporation; Ice sublimation; Snow evaporation
(Submarine geology, use Marine geology)
(Submarine permafrost, use Subsea permafrost)
Submarines
(Submarine topography, use Bottom topography; Ocean bottom)
(Submerged ice, use Underwater ice)
Subpermafrost ground water
Subpolar regions
     See also: Subarctic landscapes
Subsea permafrost
Subsidence
Substrates
Subsurface drainage
Subsurface investigations
Subsurface structures
     See also: Underground facilities
Sunlight
(Sunshine, use Insolation)
Superconductivity
Supercooled clouds
Supercooled fog
Supercooling
Superheated ice
Supersaturation
Superstructures
(Supplies, use Logistics)
Supports
     See also: Pipeline supports; Power line supports
Suprapermafrost ground water
(Surface active agents, use Surfactants)
(Surface boundary layer, use Atmospheric boundary layer)
Surface drainage
(Surface effect vehicles, use Air cushion vehicles)
Surface energy
(Surface markers, use Markers)
Surface migration
Surface properties
     See also: Glacier surfaces; Ice surface; Microrelief; Snow surface
Surface roughness
     See also: Roughness coefficient
Surface structure
Surface temperature
(Surface tension, use Interfacial tension)
Surface waters
Surfactants
(Surging glaciers, use Glacier surges)
Surveying
Surveys
     See also: Aerial surveys; Electromagnetic prospecting; Exploration; Geodetic surveys; Geological surveys; Geophysical surveys; Glacier surveys; Ice surveys; Infrared reconnaissance; Magnetic surveys; Mapping; Oceanographic surveys; Permafrost surveys; Photogrammetric surveys; Route surveys; Seismic surveys; Site surveys; Snow surveys; Soil surveys; Topographic surveys
Survival
     See also: Cold weather survival; Viability
Suspended pipelines
Suspended sediments
Swamps
(Symposia, use Meetings)
Synoptic meteorology
(Synthetic, use Artificial)
Synthetic aperture radar
Synthetic materials
Taiga
Tailings
Taliks
Taliks beneath lakes
Taliks beneath rivers
Talus
Tank cars
Tanker aircraft
Tanker ships
Tanks (combat vehicles)
Tanks (containers)
     See also: Storage tanks
Tank trucks
Tectonics
Telecommunication
     See also: Data transmission; Radio communication
Telemetering equipment
     See also: Remote sensing
(Telluric current exploration, use Electromagnetic prospecting)
(Telluric currents, use Geoelectricity)
Temperature
     See also: Air temperature; Frozen ground temperature; Frozen rock temperature; Ice temperature; Low temperature research; Low temperature tests; Snow temperature; Soil temperature; Surface temperature; Thermal properties; Threshold temperatures; Water temperature
Temperature control
Temperature distribution
Temperature effects
Temperature gradients
Temperature inversions
Temperature measurement
     See also: Geothermometry
(Temperature monitoring, use Monitors)
(Temperature regime, use Thermal regime)
Temperature variations
Tensile properties
(Tension, use Interfacial tension)
Terminology
Terraces
Terrain
Terrain identification
     See also: Geobotanical interpretation
Test chambers
     See also: Cloud chambers; Cold chambers; Wind tunnels
Test equipment
Tests
     See also: Bearing tests; Cold weather tests; Environmental tests; Freeze thaw tests; Hardness tests; High pressure tests; Impact tests; Low temperature tests; Mechanical tests; Penetration tests; Pile load tests; Plasticity tests; Soil tests; Strain tests; Ultrasonic tests
(Textures, use Cryogenic textures; Soil textures)
Thaw consolidation
Thaw depth
     See also: Active layer
Thawing
     See also: Artificial thawing; Defrosting; Geothermal thawing; Ground thawing; Melting
Thawing rate
(Thaw layer, use Active layer)
Thaw weakening
Theories
     See also: Analysis (mathematics); Ice age theory; Viscoelastic theory
Thermal analysis
(Thermal balance, use Glacier heat balance; Heat balance)
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusion
Thermal drills
(Thermal effects, use Temperature effects)
Thermal expansion
(Thermal imagery, use Infrared photography)
Thermal insulation
     See also: Cellular plastics; Pipeline insulation
(Thermal measurements, use Temperature measurement)
Thermal pollution
(Thermal processes, use Hydrothermal processes)
Thermal properties
     See also: Ice thermal properties; Permafrost thermal properties; Snow thermal properties; Specific heat
Thermal radiation
Thermal regime
Thermal stresses
Thermistors
Thermocouples
Thermodynamic properties
Thermodynamics
     See also: Frozen ground thermodynamics
Thermoelectric effects
Thermokarst
Thermokarst development
Thermokarst lakes
(Thermometry, use Resistance thermometers; Temperature measurement)
Thermopiles
Thermostats
Thickness
     See also: Ice cover thickness; Glacier thickness; Snow depth
Thickness gages
Thin sections
     See also: Microscope slides
Thixotropic sleeves
Thixotropy
(Three-dimensional mapping, use Stereomapping)
Threshold temperatures
Thunderstorms
Tidal currents
     See also: Ocean currents
Tides
(Till, use Glacial till)
(Timberlines, use Forest lines)
Time factor
Tires
(Tissues, use Plant tissues)
(Tools, use Equipment)
Topographic effects
Topographic features
     See also: Bottom topography; Coastal topographic features; Landforms; Landscape types; Nival relief; Pit and mound topography; Polygonal topography
Topographic maps
Topographic surveys
Topography
     See also: Bottom topography; Coastal topographic features; Pit and mound topography; Polygonal topography
Towers
(Towing, use Iceberg towing)
Tracked vehicles
(Tracking (position), use Radar tracking)
Traction
     See also: Skid resistance
Tractors
Trafficability
     See also: Soil trafficability
(Trail markers, use Markers)
(Training, use Education)
Transformations
     See also: Metamorphism (snow); Permafrost transformation; Phase transformations
Transition heating
Transmission
     See also: Light transmission; Radiation absorption
Transmission lines
     See also: Power lines
(Transmission line towers, use Power line supports)
Transmissivity
     See also: Light transmission; Radiation absorption; Transmission
Transparence
     See also: Light transmission; Turbidity
Transpiration
     See also: Evapotranspiration
Transportation
     See also: Fuel transport; Marine transportation; Military transportation; Petroleum transportation; Tanker ships; Water transport
Traverses
Trees (plants)
(Tree lines, use Forest lines)
Trenching
     See also: Snow trenches
(Trucks, use Motor vehicles)
Tundra
Tundra climate
Tundra soils
Tundra terrain
Tundra vegetation
     See also: Alpine tundra; Forest tundra
Tunneling (excavation)
Tunnels
     See also: Ice tunnels; Railroad tunnels; Snow tunnels; Wind tunnels
Turbidity
     See also: Transparence; Visibility
Turbulence
Turbulent boundary layer
Turbulent diffusion
Turbulent exchange
Turbulent flow
(Turf, use Peat)
Two dimensional nucleation
Ultimate strength
Ultrasonic tests
Ultraviolet radiation
Underground cables
Underground facilities
     See also: Subsurface structures
(Underground ice, use Ground ice)
Underground pipelines
Underground storage
     See also: Subsurface structures
(Under ice measurements, use Subglacial observations)
(Underice, use Ice bottom surface; Subglacial)
Undersnow facilities
Underwater acoustics
Underwater geothermal measurement
Underwater ice
(Underwater permafrost, use Permafrost beneath lakes, Permafrost beneath rivers, Subsea permafrost)
(Underwater structures, use Hydraulic structures)
Unfrozen water content
Unloading
Unsteady flow
Upwelling
Urban planning
Urea
(Urethane foam, use Cellular plastics)
Utilities
Vacuum freezing
Valleys
Valves
(Vapor, use Water vapor)
Vapor barriers
Vapor compression
Vapor diffusion
Vapor pressure
Vapor transfer
Variations
     See also: Diurnal variations; Glacier oscillation; Periodic variations; Seasonal variations; Temperature variations
Vegetation
     See also: Grasses; Lichens; Mosses; Plants (botany); Protective vegetation; Revegetation; Trees (plants)
Vegetation factors
Vegetation patterns
Vehicles
     See also: Aircraft; Air cushion vehicles; Airplanes; All terrain vehicles; Amphibious vehicles; Helicopters; Hydrofoil craft; Iceboats; Motor vehicles; Railroad cars; Ships; Sleds; Snow vehicles; Spacecraft; Submarines; Tank cars; Tank trucks; Tanker aircraft; Tanker ships; Tanks (combat vehicles); Tracked vehicles; Tractors
Vehicle wheels
(Vein ice, use Ice veins)
Velocity
     See also: Seismic velocity; Wind velocity
Velocity measurement
Ventilation
Venus (planet)
(Vertical sections, use Profiles)
Very low frequencies
(Vessels, use Ships)
Viability
     See also: Cold tolerance; Cold weather survival; Survival
Vibration
Viscoelasticity
Viscoelastic materials
Viscosity
Viscous flow
Visibility
     See also: Transparence; Turbidity
(Visual range theory, use Visibility)
Vitreous ice
     See also: Amorphous ice
Volcanic ash
Volcanoes
Volume
     See also: Ice volume
Walls
Warning systems
     See also: Monitors
Waste disposal
     See also: Sewage disposal
(Waste heat recovery, use Heat recovery)
Wastes
     See also: Radioactive wastes
Waste treatment
     See also: Sewage treatment
Water
     See also: Anomalous water; Artesian water; Distilled water; Ground water; Heavy water; Hygroscopic water; Lake water; Meltwater; Salt water; Sea water; Soil water; Subpermafrost ground water; Suprapermafrost ground water; Surface waters; Unfrozen water content
(Water air interactions, use Air water interactions)
Water balance
Water cement ratio
Water chemistry
Water content
     See also: Snow water content; Unfrozen water content
Water erosion
Water films
Water flow
(Water freezing, use Ice formation)
(Water ice interface, use Ice water interface)
Water intakes
(Water jets, use Hydraulic jets)
Water level
     See also: Sea level; Water table
Water pipelines
Water pipes
Water pollution
Water pressure
Waterproofing
(Water purification, use Aeration; Water treatment)
Water reserves
Water retention
Watersheds
     See also: River basins
Water storage
     See also: Ice (water storage); Snow retention; Snow water equivalent; Water retention
Water structure
Water supply
     See also: Alimentation
Water table
Water temperature
Water transport
     See also: Moisture transfer; Soil water migration
Water treatment
     See also: Aeration
Water vapor
Water waves
     See also: Ocean waves
Wave propagation
(Waves, use Detonation waves; Elastic waves; Microwaves; Ocean waves; Polarization (waves); Radio waves; Shock waves; Sound waves; Water waves)
(Wave transmission, use Wave propagation)
Weather
     See also: Meteorology
(Weather control, use Artificial precipitation; Climate control; Cloud dissipation; Cloud seeding; Fog dispersal; Hail prevention; Weather modification)
Weather forecasting
     See also: Frost forecasting; Ice forecasting; Long range forecasting
Weathering
     See also: Frost weathering; Permafrost weathering
(Weather maps, use Meteorological charts)
Weather modification
     See also: Artificial precipitation; Climate control; Cloud dissipation; Cloud seeding; Fog dispersal; Hail prevention
Weather observations
Weatherproofing
Weather stations
Wedges
     See also: Ice wedges
Welding
Well casings
(Well drilling, use Drilling)
Well logging
Wells
     See also: Gas wells; Oil wells
Wetlands
Wet snow
     See also: Slush
Wettability
Wharves
     See also: Docks; Ice wharves; Piers
(Wheels, use Vehicle wheels)
Whiteout
Windbreaks
Wind chill
Wind direction
Wind erosion
Wind factors
Wind (meteorology)
     See also: Avalanche wind
Windows
Wind power generation
Wind pressure
Wind tunnels
Wind velocity
Winter
Winter concreting
(Winter construction, use Cold weather construction)
Winter maintenance
     See also: Snow removal
(Winter operation, use Cold weather operation)
(Winter performance, use Cold weather performance)
(Winter road service, use Road maintenance, Snow removal, Winter maintenance)
Wood
Wooden structures
Wood ice friction
Wood snow friction
Work time standards
X ray analysis
X ray diffraction
Young ice
Zero amplitude level