Cross-Protection Between Group B Arboviruses: Resistance in Mice to Japanese B Encephalitis and St. Louis Encephalitis Viruses Induced by Dengue Virus Immunization

Infect Immun. 1974 May; 9(5): 909–915.

PMCID: PMC414905

G. Crissman Tarr and William McD. Hammon

¹Department of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261

This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.

Abstract

Albino Swiss mice, immunized with any of several types and strains of dengue viruses, were afforded substantial protection against peripheral Japanese B encephalitis or St. Louis encephalitis virus challenge. Dengue-2 (New Guinea “C”)-immunized mice showed, 10 and 20 weeks after immunization, undiminished resistance with concomitant cyclophosphamide treatment and virus challenge. Examination of the effects of immunization on Japanese B encephalitis virus pathogenesis, after virus challenge with concomitant cyclophosphamide treatment, indicated that protection was associated with decreased viremia and virtually no virus replication in the brain as compared with controls. These effects could be demonstrated before detection of any neutralizing antibody to the challenge virus. From the applied aspect, the data support the hypothesis, based on epidemiological evidence and experiments in hamsters, that prior exposure of man to dengue viruses can confer some degree of protection against Japanese B encephalitis or St. Louis encephalitis disease.

Full text

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (921K), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

Albrecht, P. Pathogenesis of neurotropic arbovirus infections. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1968;43:44–91. [PubMed]
Bond, JO; Hammon, WM. Epidemiologic studies of possible cross protection between dengue and St. Louis encephalitis arboviruses in Florida. Am J Epidemiol. 1970 Nov;92(5):321–329. [PubMed]
CASALS, J. RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ARTHROPOD-BORNE ANIMAL VIRUSES DETERMINED BY CROSS-CHALLENGE TESTS. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1963 Jul;12:587–596. [PubMed]
Grossman, RA; Edelman, R; Chiewanich, P; Voodhikul, P; Siriwan, C. Study of Japanese encephalitis virus in Chiangmai valley, Thailand. II. Human clinical infections. Am J Epidemiol. 1973 Aug;98(2):121–132. [PubMed]
Grossman, RA; Edelman, R; Willhight, M; Pantuwatana, S; Udomsakdi, S. Study of Japanese encephalitis virus in Chiangmai Valley, Thailand. 3. Human seroepidemiology and inapparent infections. Am J Epidemiol. 1973 Aug;98(2):133–149. [PubMed]
Grossman, RA; Gould, DJ; Smith, TJ; Johnsen, DO; Pantuwatana, S. Study of Japanese encephalitis virus in Chiangmai Valley, Thailand. I. Introduction and study design. Am J Epidemiol. 1973 Aug;98(2):111–120. [PubMed]
Hammon, WM. Observations on dengue fever, benign protector and killer: a Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1969 Mar;18(2):159–165. [PubMed]
HAMMON, WM; SATHER, GE. Immunity of hamsters to West Nile and Murray Valley viruses following immunization with St. Louis and Japanese B. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1956 Mar;91(3):521–524. [PubMed]
HAMMON, WM; TIGERTT, WD; SATHER, GE; BERGE, TO; MEIKLEJOHN, G. Epidemiologic studies of concurrent virgin epidemics of Japanese B encephalitis and of mumps on Guam, 1947-1948, with subsequent observations including dengue, through 1957. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1958 Jul;7(4):441–467. [PubMed]
IMAM, IZ; HAMMON, WM. Challenge of hamsters with Japanese B, St. Louis and Murray Valley encephalitis viruses after immunization by West Nile infection plus specific vaccine. J Immunol. 1957 Sep;79(3):243–252. [PubMed]
IMAM, IZ; HAMMON, WM. Challenge of monkeys with Japanese B virus after immunization by West Nile infection plus Japanese B vaccine. J Immunol. 1957 Sep;79(3):253–258. [PubMed]
Miller, JJ, 3rd; Cole, LJ. Resistance of long-lived lymphocytes and plasma cells in rat lymph nodes to treatment with prednisone, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, and actinomycin D. J Exp Med. 1967 Jul 1;126(1):109–125. [PubMed]
Nathanson, N; Cole, GA. Immunosuppression and experimental virus infection of the nervous system. Adv Virus Res. 1970;16:397–448. [PubMed]
Price, WH; Thind, IS. Protection against West Nile virus induced by a previous injection with dengue virus. Am J Epidemiol. 1971 Dec;94(6):596–607. [PubMed]
Price, WH; Thind, IS; O'Leary, W; el Dadah, AH. A protective mechanism induced by live group B arboviruses against heterologous group B arboviruses independent of serum neutralizing antibodies or interferon. Am J Epidemiol. 1967 Jul;86(1):11–27. [PubMed]
Sather, GE; Hammon, WM. Protection against St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile arboviruses by previous dengue virus (types 1-4) infection. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1970 Nov;135(2):573–578. [PubMed]
Thind, IS; Price, WH. Cross-protection with group B arboviruses in mice treated with cyclophosphamide: role of serum antibody, viremia, and virus multiplication in the brain. Am J Epidemiol. 1969 Jan;89(1):89–97. [PubMed]