A crossover Adjustment Scheme for Reducing the Large-scale Time-dependent Errors in Satellite Altimetry While Preserving the Ocean Signal

Chang-Kou Tai and John M. Kuhn

J.Geophys. Res., (submitted), 1994.

National Ocean Service, NOAA, Silver Spring MD 20910

ABSTRACT

A crossover adjustment scheme for reducing the orbit, tide and any other large-scale time-dependent errors in satellite altimetry while preserving the ocean signal is devised and tested with 130 days of TOPEX/POSEIDON data. It employs a Fourier series truncated at 3.33 cycle per revolution (i.e., 3.33 cpr, about 12,000 km in along-track wavelength) to accurately describe these large-scale errors. The adjustment is limited to each 10-day repeat cycle of TOPEX/POSEIDON to ensure the preservation of the large-scale ocean signal, which can be shown analytically (along with all large-scale errors) to undergo transformations to well-sampled 10-day averages after the adjustment by the ways the singularities are handled in this scheme. The solution of the adjustment is comprised of large- scale time-dependent orbit error, tide model error (mainly M2 tide), environmental correction error, and ocean signal relative to their respective 10-day means. The solution reduces the crossover difference from 9.5 cm (rms) to 6.8 cm, while accounting for 6.4 cm. The rms value of the solution is 4.9 cm (4.3 cm if counting solution values at crossovers only). Eliminating influences from M2 and S2 tide errors (which are aliased along track into 6.26 and 5.92 cycles respectively) by forming 6-cycle differences of the solution, the non-systematic orbit error is estimated to have a rms value of 4.1 cm; while averaging of the solution over 12 cycles produces an estimate of the systematic orbit error (which produces no collinear difference) at 1.8 cm (rms), projecting an upper bound for the gravity-error-induced orbit error at 2.5 cm, and pointing to a simple way of using space-time averaging to reduce the orbit and tide errors for TOPEX/POSEIDON if the signal can withstand the averaging, such as in the tropics. The adjustment corrects for over half of the tide model error, even though the scheme is not designed for this purpose and there are more effective ways to remove the tide error.