| Drug |
Route |
Daily Dose1 (Maximum Dose) |
Adverse reactions |
Monitoring |
Comments |
| Capreomycin |
IM or IV |
15-30 mg/kg (1 g) |
Toxicity
- auditory
- vestibular
- renal
|
Assess vestibular function and hearing function prior to
initiation of therapy and at regular intervals during treatment
Measure blood urea nitrogen and creatinine throughout treatment |
After bacteriologic conversion, dosage may be reduced to
2-3 times per week. Safety and effectiveness in children have
not been established. |
| Kanamycin |
IM or IV |
15-30 mg/kg (1 g) |
Toxicity
- auditory
- vestibular
- renal
|
Assess vestibular function and hearing function prior to
initiation of therapy and at regular intervals during treatment
Measure blood urea nitrogen and creatinine throughout treatment |
After bacteriologic conversion, dosage may be reduced to
2-3 times per week. Not approved by FDA for TB treatment |
| Amikacin |
IM or IV |
15-30 mg/kg (1 g) |
Toxicity
- auditory
- vestibular
- renal
Chemical imbalance
Dizziness |
Assess vestibular function and hearing function prior to
initiation of therapy and at regular intervals during treatment
Measure renal function and serum drug levels |
After bacteriologic conversion, dosage may be reduced to
2-3 times per week. Not approved by FDA for TB treatment |
| Ethionamide |
PO |
15-20 mg/kg (1 g) |
GI upset
Hepatotoxicity
Hypersensitivity
Metallic taste |
Measure hepatic enzymes |
Start with low dosage and increase as tolerated
May cause hypothyroid condition, especially if used with PAS |
| Para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) |
PO |
150 mg/ kg (16 g) |
GI upset
Hypersensitivity
Hepatotoxicity
Sodium load |
Measure hepatic enzymes.
Assess volume status |
Start with low dosage and increase as tolerated
Monitor cardiac patients for sodium load
May cause hypothyroid condition, especially if used with ethionamide
|
| Cycloserine |
PO |
15-20 mg/ kg (1 g) |
Psychosis
Convulsions, Depression
Headaches
Rash
Drug interactions |
Assess mental status.
Measure serum drug levels |
Start with low dosage and increase as tolerated.
Pyridoxine may decrease CNS effects |
| Ciprofloxacin |
PO |
750-1500 mg/ day |
GI upset
Dizziness
Hypersensitivity
Drug interactions
Headaches
Restlessness |
Drug interactions |
Not approved by the FDA for TB treatment.
Should not be used in children
Avoid coadministration within 2 hours of:
- antacids
- iron
- zinc
- sucralfate
|
| Ofloxacin |
PO |
600-800 mg/ day |
GI upset
Dizziness
Hypersensitivity
Drug interactions
Headaches
Restlessness |
Drug interactions |
Not approved by the FDA for TB treatment.
Should not be used in children
Avoid coadministration within 2 hours of:
- antacids
- iron
- zinc
- sucralfate
|
| Levofloxacin |
PO |
500 mg/ day |
GI upset
Dizziness
Hypersensitivity
Drug interactions
Headaches
Restlessness |
Drug interactions |
Not approved by the FDA for TB treatment
Should not be used in children
Avoid coadministration within 2 hours of:
- antacids
- iron
- zinc
- sucralfate
|
| Clofazimine |
PO |
100-300 mg/ day |
GI upset
Discoloration of skin
Severe abdominal pain and organ damage due to crystal deposition |
Drug interactions |
Not approved by FDA for TB treatment Avoid sunlight
Consider dosing at mealtime
Efficacy unproven |
