IMPACT ON OUR CAPACITY TO NEGOTIATE, TO PRESSURE, TO IMPACT, TO
           PUSH FOR, TO SPEAK ABOUT, TO PUSH THE MORALITY OF, TO STAND FOR
           A STANDARD OF BEHAVIOR THAT IS DIFFERENT FROM THE KIND OF
           KILLING AND MARAUDING THAT HAS GHUFRND SO MUCH OF THIS CENTURY.
           NOW SOME WILL SAY WELL, THE BALKANS ARE DIFFERENT. SOME WILL
           SAY, WELL, QUESTION CAN'T ALWAYS EFFECT THE OUTCOME OF THESE
           THINGS. THE FACT IS, MR. PRESIDENT, WE CAN EFFECT THIS OUTCOME.

           WE CAN EFFECT THIS RESULT. WE DO HAVE THE POWER AND THE ABILITY
           TO DO THIS. I'VE HEARD SOME OF MY COLLEAGUES COMING TO THE
           FLOOR AND SAYINGTHIS IS ISN'T GOING TO EFFECT OUR CAPACITY TO
           FIGHT SOME OTHER WAR SOMEWHERE. WHAT WAR?
           WHERE?
           WHAT ARE THEY TALKING ABOUT?
           I MEAN ARE WE PLANNING SUDDENLY SOME OTHER WAR THAT WE ARE NOT
           AWARE OF?
           THIS IS STARING US IN THE FACE. IT IS HERE. IT IS NOW. WE ARE
           AT WAR. AND THE QUESTION WE ARE GOING TO ASK OURSELVES IS
           WHETHER OR NOT WE ARE PREPARED TO WIN OR WHETHER WE ARE GOING

           TO PUT OBSTACLE AFTER OBSTACLE IN FRONT OF OURSELVES TO DEPRIVE
           OURSELVES OF THE ABILITY TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS THAT ARE
           ACHIEVABLE. I HEAR SOME REFER TO OBVIOUSLY VIETNAM ALLOT AND
           OTHER KINDS OF CONFLICTS BUT I SUGGEST THIS IS NOT A VIETNAM
           UNLESS WE MAKE IT A VIETNAM. UNLESS IT IS OUR OWN LACK OF
           RESOLVE AND PURSUIT. SOME SAY WELL IT IS A MISTAKE IN THE FIRST
           PLACE YOU DON'T WANT TO GO DOWNED THE ROAD PURSUING A MISTAKE.
           I SUPPORT THAT NOTION. I RECALL CAM COMING BACK FROM VIETNAM BE

           TO BE HARD TO ASK SOMEONE TO DIE FOR A MISTAKE. ESPECIALLY THE
           LAST PERSON TO DIE FOR T I UNDERSTAND THAT. BUT THE QUESTION
           IS, IS THIS A MISTAKE?
           WHEN 58 OF US VOTED ON THE FLOOR OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE TO
           SEND PEOPLE INTO HARM'S WAY IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE GOALS, WE WERE
           MAKING A JUDGMENT ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT WE THOUGHT IT WAS A
           MISTAKE TO INTERVENE. AND ONCE WE DECIDE TO INTERVENE, MR.
           PRESIDENT, LET US AT LEAST HAVE THE COURAGE TO PERSEVERE. WHY
           DID WE INTERVENE?

           WELL, I BELIEVE THAT THE IMPERATIVES OF INTERVENTION OUTWEIGH
           THE ALTERNATIVES SO FAR THAT IT IS HARD TO REALLY MEASURE THE
           COUNTER ARGUMENTS. ANY ONE OF US IN THE UNITED STATES SENATE
           CAN HEAR THIS WELL IN THE SENATE RINGING OUT OF THE VOICES OF
           THOSE WHO WOULD HAVE COME TO THE FLOOR IN THE IMAGES OF CNN
           NIGHT AFTER NIGHT HAD BEEN MILOSEVIC RUNNING UNSTOPPED OVER THE
           PEOPLE OF KOSOVO. UNSTOPPED AND NO EFFORT WHATSOEVER TO TRY TO
           PREVENT HIM. I COULD HEAR PEOPLE COMING TO THE FLOOR AND SAYING

           WHERE IS A PRESIDENT WITH THE COURAGE OF RONALD REAGAN OR
           GEORGE BUSH WHO IS WILLING TO DRAW THE LINE AT THEY DID?
           YOU CAN HEAR THOSE SPEECHES NOW. THEY WOULD HAVE BEEN SPOKEN.
           PRESIDENT GORING BUSH IN FACT HAD THE SAME POLICY THAT
           PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS. GEORGE BUSH SAID THAT THEY WOULD DREW
           THE LINE IN KOSOVO BEFORE HE LEFT AND TOLD MR. MILOSEVIC IN NO
           UNCERTAIN TERMS, DON'T MONKEY AROUND WITH THIS ONE. AND BECAUSE
           HE HAD THE CREDIBILITY OF WHAT HE HAD DONE IN KUWAIT, YOU CAN
           BET THAT MADE A DIFFERENCE. THAT'S WHY WE ARE HERE ON THE FLOOR

           WITH THIS AMENDMENT,TO GIVE IT THE KIND OF CREDIBILITY THAT IT
           DESERVES. TO BACK UP OUR SOLDIERS WHO ARE RUNNING THOSE RISKS
           ON A DAILY BASIS WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THERE IS A
           RATIONALE FOR OUR HAVING ASKED THEM TO DO WHAT THEY ARE DOING.
           NOW, MR. PRESIDENT, I DON'T -- I DON'T BY ANY SENSE OF THE
           IMAGINATION BELIEVE WE HAVE EXHAUSTED THE AIR CAMPAIGN IN THIS.
           IT A STOP SHE IS ME IN SOME WAYS THAT SO MANY -- A STOP SHE IS

           ME IN SO MANY WAYS THAT PEOPLE THINK THAT AN AIR CAMPAIGN THAT
           KNOCK ON WOOD THAT HAS NOT YET COST US THE LIFE OF ONE PILOT
           THOUGH THE LOSS OF A PLANE, I AM ASTONISHED AS A FORMER PERSON
           WITH THE QUALITY AND CARE THIS HAS BEEN PROSECUTED. WE LOSE
           MORE PEOPLE EVERY WEEK IN THE MILITARY OF THIS COUNTRY IN
           NORMAL TRAINING AND OPERATIONS. THE FACT THAT THIS HAS BEEN
           CARRIED ON NOW FOR 40 YEARS, MELDING, DUTCH, BRITISH, GERMANS,

           AMERICANS, FRENCH, GREEKS, SO MANY DIFFERENT -- 19 DIFFERENT
           COUNTRIES TOGETHER, MELDING ALL OF THESE AIRPLANES IN MULTIPLE
           SORTIES AND BRINGING THAT TOGETHER IS REALLY A REMARKABLE
           ACCOMPLISHMENT. AND AT THE SAME TIME  DAY, BY DAY, BY DAY,
           ALBEIT SOME MEMBERS OF THE YUGOSLAVIA ARMY MAY FEEL BETTER AND
           THINK GEE, WE HAVE BEEN GIVEN A PURPOSE IN LIFE, THE FACT IS
           THAT ON A DAILY BASIS, THEIR CAPACITY TO WAGE THE WAR IS BEING

           STRIPPED AWAY. I MEAN WHO IN THEIR RIGHT MIND WOULD CHOOSE MR.
           MILOSEVIC'S HAND TO PLAY IN THIS VERSUS THE HAND OF NATO?
           SO THE QUESTION BEFORE THE UNITED STATES SENATE AND THIS
           COUNTRY IS WILL WE HAVE THE CAPACITY TO STAY AND PLAY OUT THE
           HAND THAT WE HAVE?
           THIS IS NOT VIETNAM, MR. PRESIDENT. THIS IS NOT A COUNTRY THAT
           STRETCHES FROM THE EQUIVALENT OF THE NORTH OF NEW ENGLAND OR
           NEW ENGLAND ALL THE WAY DOWN TO THE TIP OF FLORIDA WITH A LAOS

           ON CAMBODIA AND ITS BORDER WITH THE SUPERPOWER, FORMER SOVIET
           UNION AND CHINA SITTING IN THE BACKGROUND SUPPLYING, PUSHING
           DOWN THE HOE WHICH I MINUTE TRAIL, READY TO COME IN IF WE
           THREATEN TO USE WHATEVER FORCE MAY BE AVAILABLE TO US. THIS IS
           NOT THE UNITED STATES ESSENTIALLY ACTING ALONE. THIS IS A
           COUNTRY THE SIZE OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY, THE SIZE OF LOS ANGELES
           COUNTY. THE SIZE OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT. A PLACE THAT IS
           ESSENTIALLY SURROUNDED BY -- SURROUNDED BY FRIENDLY PEOPLE. AND

           UNLIKE NORTH VIETNAM AND VIETNAM -- SOUTH VIETNAM AT THE TIME
           -- UNLIKE THAT COUNTRY WHERE WE BECAME INVOLVED ON THE SIDE OF
           THE ONE OF THE COMBATANTS, WHERE WE CHOSE TO CARRY ON YEARS OF
           COLONIAL EFFORT THAT HAD BEEN MISCONSTRUED BY THE POPULATION
           AND OUTRIGHT OPPOSED AND RE-VILD FOR YEARS, UNLIKE THE INADVISE
           ABILITY OF HAVING BEEN EMBROILED, WE HAVE BEEN CAREFUL HERE TO
           SUGGEST THAT WE ARE NOT FOR INDEPENDENCE. WE ARE NOT FOR THE

           K.L.A. RAVAGING THEIR COUNTRYSIDE ANYMORE THAN WE ARE FOR MR.
           MILOSEVIC AND THE SERBS DOING SO. WE ARE FIGHTING FOR THE
           STANDARDS OF INTERNATIONALLY ACCEPTED UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED
           BEHAVIOR. THAT COUNTRY AFTER COUNTRY HAS SIGNED ON TO THROUGH
           THE UNITED NATIONS, THROUGH INTERNATIONAL LAW, THROUGH THEIR
           OWN CONVENTIONS AND TREATIES AND THROUGH THEIR OWN STANDARDS OF
           BEHAVIOR. AND MR. PRESIDENT, I CAN'T THINK OF ANYTHING MORE
           RIGHT THAN TAKING A POSITION AGAINST THIS KIND OF THUGRY AND

           THIS KIND OF AFFRONTERY TO THOSE STANDARDS AS WE LEAVE THE END
           OF THIS CENTURY. NOW SOME PEOPLE SAY TO ME, WELL, SENATOR, WE
           ARE GOING TO HAVE SOME PEOPLE THERE FOR A LONG TIME. AND MY
           ANSWER IS, SO WHAT?
           IF THAT'S WHAT IT TAKES IN ORDER TO TRY TO BEGIN TO ACCOMPLISH
           A PRINCIPLE TT IS MORE LONG-LASTING, THEN SO BE IT. WHAT IS THE
           DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 4,000 TROOPS WHO HAVE BEEN ASKED TO BE PART
           OF A PEACEFUL EFFORT TO HOLD -- TO CHANGE THE STANDARDS OF
           BEHAVIOR IN KOSOVO AS PART OF SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE, WHAT IS THE

           DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THAT AND THE 500,000 TROOPS THAT WE HAD AT A
           HIGH POINT IN EUROPE AFTER WORLD WAR II?
           DON'T FORGET THE WAY MOST AMERICANS WERE SKEPTICAL OF HARRY
           TRUMAN AND THE MARTIAL PLAN. HOW COULD THE UNITED STATES
           AMERICA HAVING FOUGHT THE GERMANS TURN AROUND AND PUT MONEY
           BACK INTO THEIR COUNTRY?
           HOW ON EARTH COULD WE TRY TO BRING THE GERMANS INTO NATO?
           WELL WHERE ARE WE TODAY?

           A UNITED GERMANY. THE BERLIN WALL GONE. BERLIN ABOUT TO BE THE
           REUNITED CAPITAL OF GERMANY AND THE RESULT A GERMANS
           PARTICIPATING WITH US IN STANDING UP AGAINST THE VERY KIND OF
           THINGS THAT STAINED THE HISTORY OF THIS CENTURY AND OF THEIR
           COUNTRY DURING WORLD WAR II. I MEAN IF THERE ISN'T A MORE
           BEAUTIFUL CIRCLE IN TERMS OF UNDERSTANDING WHAT IS AT STAKE,
           THAT'S IT. AND IT SEEMS TO ME, MR. PRESIDENT, THAT AN

           INVESTMENT OF SOME 5,000, 6,000, 7,000 TROOPS, IN SOUTHEASTERN
           EUROPE TO GUARANTEE THAT GREECE, MACEDONIA, MONTENEGRO,
           ALBANIA, CAN REMAIN STABLE AND NOT BE DRAGGED INTO THIS, THAT'S
           WORTHWHILE. SOME WAY CH WOULD SAY SENATOR, WE HAVE HEARD THAT
           COME NO ARGUMENT BEFORE. THAT'S THE ONE THEY GAVE US IN
           VIETNAM. WELL, MR. PRESIDENT, ONCE AGAIN THE FACTS ON THE
           GROUND ARE PROOFERG THE REALITY. CAN STPHIN HERE TELL ME WITH A
           STRAIGHT FACE THAT MONTENEGRO WITHOUT OUR CURRENT EFFORTS AND

           INVOLVEMENT COULD POSSIBLY WITHSTAND THE STRAINS OF WHAT IS
           HAPPENING?
           CAN ANYBODY TELLS ME THAT IN THE ENTIRE POPULATION OF KOSOVO
           WERE DRIVEN OUT INTO ALBANIA, THAT YOU WOULDN'T SOMEHOW SEE
           MACEDONIA, GREECE, ALBANIA, DRAGGED INTO THIS AND ULTIMATELY
           THERE ISN'T A PERSON IN THE SENATE WHO DOESN'T UNDERSTAND THAT
           WE WOULD HAVE BEEN DRAGGED INTO IT, TOO. THERE WAS AN
           INEVITABILITY THAT NATO WOULD BE CALLED ON TO TAKE A STAND. HOW

           ASTONISHING IT IS THAT PEOPLE FIND SOME MORAL EQUIVALENCY HERE
           BETWEEN SOME OF THE DIFFICULTIES OF WAGING A FAIRLY CAREFULLY
           PROSECUTED -- NOT FAIRLY -- A CAREFULLY PROSECUTED WAR AND WHAT
           WE ARE TRYING TO ACHIEVE. HOW ASTONISHING THAT PEOPLE ARE SO
           CONCERNED ABOUT FINDING THAT EQUIVALENCY MEASURED AGAINST WHAT
           MR. MILOSEVIC HAS DONE. NOW, I BELIEVE THAT IF WE WILL STAND
           OUR GROUND AND BE STEADY AND SHOW THE RESOLVE THAT WE NEED TO
           SHOW AS A GREAT COUNTRY AND LEADER OF THE FREE WORLD, THAT WE

           HAVE THE ABILITY THROUGH THIS AIR CAMPAIGN TO ACHIEVE
           ULTIMATELY THE DIPLOMATIC OUTCOME THAT WE WOULD LIKE TO
           ACHIEVE. BUT WE HAVE ALSO LEARNED THROUGH ALL OF HISTORY, HENRY
           KISSINGER AND RICHARD NIXON WILL TELL YOU IT THIS IN DEALING
           WITH THE NORTH VIETNAMESE IN THE OLD CHRISTMAS BOMBING -- I
           HATE IT HAD BACK THEN, BUT I HAVE COME TO UNDERSTAND THAT THERE
           ARE IN FACT SOMETIMES THINGS THAT DO SPEAK AND MAKE A
           DIFFERENCE TO CERTAIN PEOPLE. AND LIKE IT OR NOT AS I HAVE BEEN
           DEEPLY INVOLVED IN THAT PART OF THE WORLD IN LAST YEARS, I

           REALIZE THAT DID HELP MAKE A DIFFERENCE TO PEOPLE'S DECISION TO
           TRY TO COME TO SOME KIND OF RESOLUTION. THE FACT IS THAT WE ARE
           NOW BACKING UP DIPLOMACY WITH FORCE. AND I HAVE HEARD SOME
           PEOPLE CALL FOR A STAY IN THAT FORCE. THAT SOMEHOW IF WOULD BE
           DIPLOMATICALLY NICE IF WE WERE TO TURN AROUND AND HAVE A
           BOMBING PAUSE. WELL MY RESPONSE TO THAT, MR. PRESIDENT, IS VERY
           SIMPLE. DO NOT LET THE POLITICIANS DECIDE AFTER SENDING THE
           MILITARY PERSONNEL IN TO RISK THEIR LIVES, WHEN YOU ARE GOING

           TO HAVE A BOMBING PAUSE WITHOUT ADEQUATELY PASSING IT BY THE
           MILITARY TO KNOW THAT YOU ARE NOT GOING TO PUT YOUR PEOPLE AT
           GREATER RISK IF YOU DON'T ACHIEVE YOUR GOALS AT THE BACKSIDE OF
           IT. I CAN'T GO INTO ALL THE REASONS FOR THAT, BUT PEOPLE
           UNDERSTAND THAT THERE ARE A GREAT DEAL OF OF REPERCUSSIONS TO A
           BOMBING HALT THAT COULD HAVE GREATER JEOPARDY TO OUR PILOTS AND
           GREATER JEOPARDY TO WHATEVER USE OF FORCE WE MAY NEED TO USE
           DOWN THE ROAD. SO IMPERFECTLY COMMITTED TO HAVING THAT HAPPEN

           AT THE RIGHT MOMENT, BUT I WANT US TO BE DRIVEN BY THE NEED TO
           MEET OUR MILITARY GOALS AND NOT SIMPLY THE POLITICAL
           IMPERATIVES AT THE TIME. FINALLY, MR. PRESIDENT, I HEAR
           COLLEAGUES SAY WE WANT TO KNOW WHAT THE END GAME IS. WE WANT TO
           KNOW WHAT THE STRATEGY IS. WE WANT TO KNOW -- WE EVEN HEARD OF
           THE BOL HOFMT ON AMENDMENTS, ARE WE IN THIS TO WIN -- THERE ARE
           ONLY THREE OR FOUR CHOICES IN THIS, MR. PRESIDENT. THAT'S ABOUT
           IT. ANYBODY OUGHT TO BE ABLE TO FIGURE THEM OUT. YOU CANNOT

           ACHIEVE YOUR GOALS, STOP THE BOMBING, AND NATO WOULD BE
           IRREPARABLY DAMAGED IF NOT SIMPLY FINISHED. MR. MILOSEVIC CAN
           DECLARE VICTORY, DO WHAT HE WANTS AND YOU WILL HAVE TO FORCE IN
           THERE. THAT'S ONE CHOICE. ANOTHER CHOICE IS THAT YOU CAN
           CONTINUE TO PROSECUTE THE AIR WAR AS YOU PRESS THE DIPLOMATIC
           EFFORT WITH A GUARANTEE THAT YOU ARE GOING TO PRESS THAT UNTIL
           YOU GET THAT EFFORT. AND THE THIRD IS -- AND IT IS THE BEST END

           GAME, BEST EXIT STRATEGY OF ALL -- YOU WIN. THAT'S THE EXIST
           STRATEGY. YOU ACHIEVE THE SIMPLE, STATED GOAL OF RETURNING THE
           KOSOVARS INTO KOSOVO, ALLOWING THEM TO LIVE IN A PROTECTED
           STRUCTURE WHERE PEOPLE WON'T BE KILLING THEM. AND AT THE SAME
           TIME, HAVE A FORCE THAT HAS THE CAPACITY TO PREVENT THE
           U.C.K./K.L.A. FROM KILLING. ITS CALLED PEACE. I THINK THAT'S A

           GAME WORTH FIGHTING FOR. WHEN YOU MEASURE THE IMPORTANCE OF
           EUROPE, THE INTERGRACE PROCESS NATO PERFORMED -- LET PLEA
           MENTION QUICKLY -- TALK TO THE OFFICIALS IN SPAIN OR OTHER
           PARTS OF EUROPE ABOUT THE IMPACT OF NATO AS AN ORGANIZING
           PRINCIPLE, AS A MEANS OF HAVING BROUGHT COUNTRIES TOGETHER
           AROUND DEMOCRACY. AND THEY WILL TELL YOU UNEQUIVOCALLY OF THE
           DEGREE TO WHICH THE PROCESS OF MEETING, OF COMING TOGETHER, OF

           HAVING MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF NEEDING TO WORK TOGETHER, THE
           WAYS IN WHICH THAT HAD A PROFOUND IMPACT ON THE CAPACITY OF
           EUROPE TO DEVELOP SO THAT THEY NOW TALK ABOUT A COMMON -- HAVE
           A COMMON MARKET, AND ARE WORKING ON THE LAST EFFORTS TO
           INTEGRATION WITH MORE POWER IN BRUSSELS AND MORE CAPACITY AS A
           EUROPEAN ENTITY TO SPEAK TO THE WORLD AND TO STAND TORE THESE
           PRINCIPLES. ARE WE GOING TO DENY THAT TO SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE?
           ARE WE GOING TO DENY THE LESSON THAT CAN COME OUT OF THIS TO

           BAGHDAD OR TO PYONGYANG, TRIPLY OR OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD?
{END: 1999/05/03 TIME: 18-30 , Mon.  106TH SENATE, FIRST SESSION}