state mandates for health education,
   235-7, 23:13, 23:15-l& 23-18
state smoking laws, 2127-28
LEUKEMIA

(See also NEOPLASMS)
benzene and, 14:51
LEUKOCYTES
cell count in cigar and pipe smokers,
    1281

cell count in ex-smokers, 1281
cell count in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  12:xX32

chemotaxis in smokers vs. nonsmok-
  ers, 12:82

effect of inhalation and smoking lev-
   els on cell count, 79-82
granular, levels in smokers, 10:20
LEUKOPLAKIA
(See also MOUTB NEOPLASMS)
betel chewing and, 5:41
bidi smoking and, 5:41
snuff in etiology of, 13:40
tobacco chewing and, 5:41
tobacco chewing in etiology of,
   13:til

LIFE EXPECTANCY
(See also MORTALITY)
definition, 2:ll
effect of smoking levels in the Unit-
   ed states, 2:12
LIFE SKILLS TRAINING
antismoking education component,
   2O:ll

LIP NEOPLASMS
(See also MOUTH NEOPLASMS)
alcohol consumption and smoking
   and, 5:41

pipe smoking and, 127
pipe smoking in etiology of, 13:21
relative risk in cigarette vs. cigar vs.
  pipe smokers, 1322
LIPIDS

effect of smoking on metabolism,
    1265
LIVER

function, effect of aromatic hydro-
   carbons, 12:78
organ weight in smokers vs. non-
   smokers, 12:9
LOBELINE

nicotine substitute, 19:16-l?
LOCUS OF CONTROL
academic achievement and, 2022

cessation of smoking and, 18:18
maintenance of smoking and, 18:9
Low-tar cigarettm
  See CIGARETTES, LOW-TAR
Lung diseases

See BRONCHOPULMONARY DIS-
EASES; BYSSINOSIS; CHRONIC
OBSTRUCTIYE LUNG DISEASES;
RESPIRATORY TRACT DIS-
EASES

LUNG FUNCTION
  (See also RESPIRATORY FUNC-
TION TESTS)
effect of carbon monoxide exposure,
    1127-28

effect of cessation of smoking, 62%
  23

effect of cigar smoking, 1334-35,
  13s

effect of nicotine, 1499
effect of passive smoking in asth-
matic patients, 1022
effect of pipe smoking, 13:34-35,
  1338

effect of smoking, 622, 1499
effect of smoking, summary of find-
ings, 1:18

effect of smoking levels, 622
sex ratio, 6:21X2
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 6:21
in smokers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-
  smokers, 623

smoking in chlorine workers and,
  7:lO

smoking in coal miners and, 7:9
smoking in cotton workers and, 7:9
in white, black and oriental smoking
and nonsmoking men and wom-
  en, 6:21

LUNG NEOPLASMS
  (See also BRONCBIAL NEO-
  PLASMs RESPIRATORY TRACT
  NEOPLASM@
air pollution in etiology of, 525-27
animal models, 52931
aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induci-
   bility and, 5:57

asbestos and smoking in etiology of,
  529

carcinoembryonic antigen test in di-
  agnosis of, 1261
chloromethyl ethers and smoking in
etiology of, 529


in chloromethyl ether workers, 7:16
cigar and pipe smoking and, summa-
ry of findings, 1%
cigar smoking in etiology of, 1328
effect of age began smoking on
mortality ratio, 13:14
effect of cessation of smoking on
risk and mortality ratios, 524-26
effect of filtered vs. unfiltered ciga-
rettes on risk, 5:16, 5:18-19
effect of inhalation on mortality ra-
  tio, 5:lP15

effect of low tar and nicotine ciga-
rettes on mortality ratio, 5:X-17
effect of smoking levels on mortality
  ratio, 5:13

effect of smoking levels on risk,
  5:l2-13, 5:16, 5:18-19
effect of smoking on histologic type,
  523-24

effect of smoking on mortality rates,
  59-11

heredity and, 523
histologic types, 5:2X&4
induced by benzc(a)pyrene in ham-
  sters, 539

induced by nitrosamines in animals,
  5:30

mortality in asbestos workers, 7:11-
  12

mortality rates in cigar vs. pipe
smokers, 523

mortality rates in women, 5:X-18,
  5:20-

mortality ratio in cigar vs. cigarette
vs. pipe smokers, 13%
mortality rate trends in Great Brit-
ain and the United States, 5:19
  11

mortality ratio in smokers vs. non-
  smokers, 5:11-12
nickel and smoking in etiology of,
  528

occupational exposures and smoking
in etiology of, 527-29, 7:17
relative risk in cigar vs. cigarette vs.
pipe smokers, 1329-30
role of pulmonary alveolar macro-
phages, 5:31

smoking and, summary of findings,
  1:16

smoking and occupational risk in
whites and nonwhites, 7:17

smoking in asbestos workers and,
  7:11-13

smoking in etiology of, historical per-
  spective, 5:9

smoking in uranium miners and, 7:14
in smoking vs. nonsmoking twins,
  5%

uranium and smoking in etiology of,
  528

in urban vs. rural areas, 52527
LUNGS

(See also RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM)
air pollution and pathology in smok-
  ers vs. nonsmokers, 6:36
effect of cigar smoking, 13:35
effect of pipe smoking, 1335
effect of smoke inhalation in dogs,
  14:76

effect of smoke inhalation in mon-
keys, 14:76

effect of smoking, 6:18
effect of smoking, summary of find-
ings, l:lb19

effect of smoking levels on patholo
gy, 624-27

effect of smoking on pathogenesis,
  625-26

enzyme induction of emphysema, 628
nicotine absorption, 1485
organ weight in smokers vs. non-
  smokers, 12:9

LYMPHOCYTES
B and T, in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
    6:31

effect of smoking, lo:19
effect of tobacco smoke in mice,
  10:19

effect of tobacco smoke on immune
function, lo:17

MACROPHAGES, ALVEOLAR
(See also PHAGOCYTOSIS)
in bronchial fluid of smokers, 628
count in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
    629

effect of cigarette smoke, 629-30
effect of cigarette smoke on phago
cytic activity, lo:17
effect of tobacco smoke, 10:1516
effect of tobacco smoke on count
  and ultrastructure, lo:16


effect of smoke inhalation in dogs,
  14:76

effect of smoke inhalation in mon-
  keys, 1476

elastasc release in smokers vs. non-
   smokers, 636
in lung neoplasm etiology, 5:31
protease activity in smokers vs. non-
   smokers, 629
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 6:31
Mainatre8m smoke
see SMOBE, c1cARBITE MAIN-
STREAM; SMOKE STREAMS
MALBIC IIYDRAZIDE
hydrasine levels and, 14:41
structural formula, 14:62
tobacco curing and, 14:47

(See also SEX RATIO)
smoking prevalence, A:ll, A:1213,
   A:1718
MARIJUANA
  (See aleo CANNABIS; DRUG
ABUSE)
correlation with tobacco smoking,
   18:14
effect on enzyme activity, 124243
effect on pharmacokinetics, 1242-43
effect on pregnant animals, 853
MATERNAL-FETAL EXCHANGE
aromatic hydrocarbons in animals,
   856
benao(a)pyrene in animals, 866
carbon monoxide in sheep, 8:59
carbon monoxide in sheep and dogs,
   858
nicotine in animals, 854
Maternal smoking
See SMOKING, MATERNAL
Maximum mid+xpiratory flow rate
  measurements
  See RESPIRATORY FUNCTION
  TESTS
MECAMYLAMINE
nicotine antagonist, 16:89
MEDICAL STUDENTS
antismoking education, 22:17-18
perceptions of physicians' smoking
   habits, 22:7
smoking habits, 18:8, 22:18
MEDITATION
in modification of smoking behavior,
    19:z

Men
  See MALES

MEPERIDINB
total clearance in smokers vs. non-
   smokers, 12:39
MEPROBAMATE
cessation aid, 19:17
MERCURY

(See ul.so METALS)
levels in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  12:73

smoking and occupational exposure,
  7:7

MESOTHELIOMA
  (See also CARCINOGENESIS;
NBOPLASMS)
smoking and asbestos exposure and,
   7:l2

MBI'ABOLISM
  (See also NICOTINE MEXABO-
LISM)
carbon monoxide in maintenance of
   smoking habit, 15:17
effect of smoking on carbohydrates,
   lipids and proteins, 12%
effect of tobacco smoke on food con-
   stituents and additives, 12:75-76
nicotine in maintenance of smoking
   habit, 15:16

nicotine, in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  15:9

tar, in maintenance of smoking hab
   it, 15:17
METALS

(see also CADMIUM; CALCIUM;
LEAD; MERCURY; NICKEL)
cardiovascular diseases and, 4:62
in cigarette smoke as carcinogens,
  14:59-60

levels in particulate phase cigarette
  smoke, 14:59

levels in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  12:73-74

in tobacco smoke, 14zX-59
MERIYL PARATHION
smoking and occupational exposure,
    7:7

METHYLCHOLANTHRENE
  (See ah AROMATIC IIYDROCAR
BONS)
effect on aryl hydrocarbon hydroxyl-
   ase activity in rats, l2:28-29
effect on enzyme activity, 12:21-B


effect on phenacetin pharmacokinet-
its in rats, 12:2%29
effect on RNA metabolism, 12:21-22
effect on theophylline metabolism in
  rata, 12:32

in oral neoplasm induction in ham-
  sters, 5:42

METBYLENE CHLORIDE
occupational hazards, 7:%9
MORBIDITY

(See also MORTAIJIY)
bed disability in smokers vs. non-
  smokers, 3: 12

bronchitis and emphysema in the
United States, 6%
coronary heart disease in ex-smokers,
  438

effect of cessation of smoking, sum-
mary of findings, 1:12-13
effect of smoking, 3:5
effect of smoking, summary of find-
ings, 1:12-13

effect of smoking on acute condi-
  tions, 3:6

effect of smoking on chronic condi-
  tions, 36-7

findings of NCHS National Health
Interview Survey, l:lZ-13
incidence of acute conditions in
  smokers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-
smokers, 3:9

peptic ulcer in the United States,
  9:17

prevalence rate of chronic conditons,
  36-7

smoking and lung neoplasms and oc-
  cupational risk, 737
workdays lost, 3%9
WORBIDITY RATIO
angina pectoris, effect of smoking
   levels, 448

coronary heart disease in ex-smokers,
42a-31, 43435

coronary heart disease in smokers vs.
nonsmokers, 4:2733, 4:3637

HORTALUY

(See also EXCESS DEATHS; FE-
TAL MORTALITY; INFANT MOR-
TALITY; LIFE EXPECTANCY;
MORBIDITY; PERINATAL MOR
TALITY)
annual probability of dying in smok-
  ers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-smok-
  ers, 2:3934

bronchitis in cigar vs. cigarette vs.
pipe smokers, 1334
chronic obstructive lung disease in
smokers, 2:41, 6:9
chronic obstructive lung disease in
  smokers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-
  smokers, 6:lO

cigar and pipe smokers vs. ex-smok-
  ers, 13:8

cigar vs. cigarette vs. pipe smokers,
  13:13-14

effect of age began smoking, 2:19
effect of cigar smoking, 2:30, 23.537
effect of environmental factors, 2:42
effect of heredity in smoking related
  disease, 2:41M2

effect of inhalation, 220
effect of inhalation in cigar and pipe
  smokers, 13: 18

effect of nicotine and tar content,
  222

effect of pipe smoking, 230. 233537
effect of smoking in the United
  states, 2:9

effect of smoking in women, 225
effect of smoking levels in cigar and
pipe smokers, 13:1&16
effect of social factors, 242
effect of years since quitting in ex-
smokers, 22734, 235
emphysema in cigar vs. cigarette vs.

pipe smokers, 1334
epidemiological studies, 2:X%15
esophageal neoplasms in cigar vs.
cigarette vs. pipe smokers, 13:24
ex-smokers. 22630
methods of measuring, 2:1&11
peptic ulcer in cigar vs. cigarette vs.
pipe smokers, 13%
peptic ulcer in smokers, 2:41, 9:lO
peptic ulcer in smokers vs. nonsmok-
  ers, 9:17

respiratory tract infections in smok-
  ers. 2:41


risk from pregnancy and childbirth
   vs. oral contraceptive use, 12:X?
smoking and lung neoplasms and as-
   bestos exposure, 7:ll
MORTALITY RATES
age groups in the United States,
    2:ll

cerebrovascular disease in male vs.
female smokers, 451
circulatory diseases, effect of oral
contracdptives and smoking, 12:51
coronary heart disease in ex-smokers,
  438

definition, 2:16-11
effect of cigar and pipe smoking,
summary of findings, 1:27
effect of less hazardous cigarettes,
  2%

lung neoplasms and smoking, summa-
ry of findings, 1:16
lung neoplasms, effect of smoking,
  59-11

lung neoplasms in cigar and pipe
smokers, 5%

lung neoplasms in women, 5:16-18,
  526

lung neoplasms, trends in Great Brit-
  ain and the United States, 5:lC

myocardial infarct in smokers vs.
nonsmokers, 435-36
smokers vs. nonsmokers, 2:15
thrombosis in smokers vs. nonsmok-
  ers, 4:59

MORTALITY RATIO
age groups in the United States,
   2:11, 2:1'7-18

age groups worldwide, 2:17-18
aortic aneurysm, effect of smoking
levels, 455

bladder neoplasms in smokers, 5:4.5-
  46

cardiovascular diseases in cigar vs.
cigarette vs. pipe smokers, 13:33-
  34

cardiovascular diseases in smokers,
  2:39

cardiovascular diseases in smokers vs.
nonsmokers in Japan, 4:21, 434
  35

cause-specific, effect of smoking,
  2:3741

cerebrovascular disease in cigar vs.
cigarette vs. pipe smokers, 13:33
cerebrovascular disease in male vs.
female smokers, 4~51
chronic obstructive lung disease, 6:lO
chronic obstructive lung disease in
cigar vs. cigarette vs. pipe smok-
  ers, 13%

cigar vs. cigarette vs. pipe smokers,
230, 236-36

cigarette vs. cigar vs. pipe vs. mixed
smokers, 13:14

coronary heart disease in cigar vs.
cigarette vs. pipe smokers, 13:33-
  34

coronary heart disease in smokers,
  239

coronary heart disease in ex-smokers,
  434-35

coronary heart disease in smokers vs.
  nonsmokers, 422-26, 4:36-37
definition, 2:lO
effect of age began smoking, 2:1%22
effect of cigar and pipe smoking,
  1:11-E.

effect of combined tobacco product
  use, 239

effect of inhalation, 222-24
effect of inhalation, smoking dura-
tion and smoking levels in wom-
en, 22627

effect of less hazardous cigarettes,
  l:ll, 223-25

effect of reasons for quitting in ex-
smokers, 22"29
effect of smoking, summary of find-
ings, 1:16-C?

effect of smoking duration, 2:17-19
effect of smoking duration in cigar
smokers, 2:37

effect of smoking duration in ex-
smokers, 228-29
effect of smoking duration in pipe
smokers, 238

effect of smoking levels, 2:16-18,
  222

effect of smoking levels in cigar
smokers, 13:15-17, 2:36-37
effect of smoking levels in ex-smok-
  ers, 228-29

effect of smoking levels in pipe
  smokers, 2:3638, 13:15-17


esophageal neoplasms in cigar and
pipe smokers, 5:43
esophageal neoplaams in cigar vs.
cigarette vs. pipe smokers, 1325
esophageal neoplasms in smokers,
  542-43
ex-smokers, 23.5
kidney neoplasms in smokers, 54349
laryngeal neoplasms in cigar vs. cig-
arette vs. pipe smokers, 1324
laryngeal neoplasms in smokers,
  5:3%33

lung neoplasms, effect of age began
smoking, 5:13-14
iunk. neoplasms, effect of cessation
of smoking, 524-26
lung neoplaams, effect of inhalation,
  5:lP15

lung neoplaams, effect of low tar
and nicotine cigarettes, 5:X--17
lung neoplasms, effect of smoking
levels, 5:13

lung neoplasms in cigar vs. cigarette
vs. pipe smokers, 1326-23
lung neoplasms in smokers vs. non-
smokers, 5:11-E?

lung neoplasms in smoking women,
  5:Bl-22

neoplasms, effect of cigar and pipe
smoking, 13%

neoplasms in smokers, 2:38
oral neoplasms in cigar vs. cigarette
vs. pipe smokers, 1321-23
oral neoplasms in smokers, 5:39-M
pancreatic neoplasms in smokers,
  550-52

pharyngeal neoplasms in cigar vs.
   cigarette vs. pipe smokers, 1323
in smoking twins, 2:42
sudden cardiac death, effect of
   smoking levels, 443
MORTALITY RISK
infant, and gestational age in smok-
  ing vs. nonsmoking mothers,
   8:43, 8:45

infant, effect of maternal smoking,
age, parity, and education, 833
infant, effect of maternal smoking,
age, parity, and social class, 8:31
infant, synergism of maternal smok-
ing and other risk factors, 835
infants of smokers vs. nonsmokers,

MOTIVATION

(See also BEHAVIOR)
cessation of smoking and, 18:1%20
emotional influences in smoking be-
  havior, 16:6

maintenance of smoking and, 18:1&
  13, 18:15-17

smoking habit in developing wun-
   tries and, 1824
smoking habit in the Solomon
   Islands and, 182.4
MOUTH

nicotine absorption, 14%
MOLl% MUCOSA
  (See also LEUKOPLAKLQ
effect of snuff in women, 13:3940
MOUTH NEOPLASMS
  (See also LEUKOPLAKL4; LIP
  NEOPLASMS; TONGUE NEO-
  PLASMS)
alcohol consumption and smoking
   and, 5:4&U

cigar and pipe smoking and, summa-
   ry of findings, 127
MUCOCILL4RY SYSTEM
  (See also CILL4RY ACTMTY;
CILL4ToxICITy)
effect of cigarette smoke, 6:3%X?,
    10:15

MULTICOMPONENT TREATMENT
  (See also CESSATION OF SMOK-
ING)
in cessation of smoking, 16:16-17,
    16:19

evaluation, 19:36
modification of smoking behavior,
  19:2w2a

self-administered, 1929
MULTIPLE RISK FACTOR INTER-
  VENTION TRIAL
effect on cessation of smoking, 19:X
MUTAGENS

in atherosclerosis etiology, 4: 10
MYOCARDIAL INFARCT
  6ee also CORONARY HEART
DISEASE)
animal models, 420
atherosclerosis in etiology of, 4:19-26
cessation of smoking after, 19:14
effect of oral contraceptives and

smoking on risk, 466
effect of smoke inhalation in dogs,

8234                         14177


effect of smoking on risk of reeur-
  rence or death, 4:3738
estrogens and smoking and, 12:52
ex-smokers, 4:21
ischemia and, 4:19-20, 4:394O
morbidity ratios in ex-smokers, 434
morbidity ratios in smokers vs. non-
smokers, 427-33
oral contraceptives and smoking and,
435, 12:51-52

pathogenesis, 4:1820
research needs, 449-41
risk factors, 426-21
smokers vs. nonsmokers, 435-36
smoking in etiology of, 4:21, 43846
smoking vs. nonsmoking women,
  12:52

sudden cardiac death and, 4:43
MY~CARDIUM
effect of hypoxia and ischemia, 4:19-
    20

NAPHTHALJXNE
in cigarette smoke, 1451
tobacw pyrolysis and, I4:49
NAPHTHYLAMINES
(See also AROMATIC AMINES)
pancreatic neoplasms and, 5:51
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SEC-
  ONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS
statement on school smoking policies,
   23:8, 23:11, 23:13
NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
funding of "Know Your Body" Pro-
   gram, 21%

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH
  STATISTICS, 3:5
findings of National Health Inter-
   view Survey, I:1213
Health and Nutrition Examination
   Survey, 3:11-12

Health Interview Survey, 38-18
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE FOR
  SMOKING AND HEALTH
definition of smokers and nonsmok-
   ers, 2324

establishment of San Diego Commu-
nity Laboratory, 2614
Health Consequences of Smoking re-
ports, 19-10

smoking prevalence in adults by edu-
cational level, A:1416

smoking prevalence in adults by
family income, A:&&16
survey of adolescent smoking, 17:7-8
survey of adult tobacco use, 18:19,
  22:6

survey of cigar and pipe smoking in
   the United States, 138-9
survey of smoking attitudes of
   health professionals, 22:7
survey of smoking habits of health
   professionals, 22:X&-13
survey of tar and nicotine levels of
   cigarette brands, 3:ll
survey of teenage smoking, A:14
training of health educators, 23~32
NATIONAL INSTITIJTJB OF
  HEALTH

respiratory disease study, 17:15
NATIONAL INTERAGENCY COUN-
  CIL ON SMOKING AND REALTR
funding of youth antismoking
   projects, 2624

research guidelines, 19:5-8, 21:16-17
NATIONAL PARENT-TEACHER AS-
  SOCIATION

health education programs, 21:21,
  21%

NEONATAL MORTALITY
  (See also INFANT MORTALITY;
  MORTALITY RISK; PERINATAL
MORTALITY)
effect of maternal smoking and ges-
   tational age, 843
effect of maternal smoking and oth-
   er factors, 8:41

etiology of perinatal death in smok-
ers vs. nonsmokers, 8:37
maternal smoking and, research
  needs, 8:76

maternal smoking levels and, 8:39-46
NEOPLASMS

(See atso CARCINOGENESIS;
LEUKEMIA; MESOTHELIOMA)
aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induci-
bility and smoking and, 5:57
cigar and pipe smoking and, summa-
ry of findings, 1:2'-28
effect of smoking on mortality ratio,
  2:38

induced by polonium-210 in Syrian
hamsters, 14:61
induced by tobacco smoke in animals,
  1:17


mortality ratio in cigar and pipe
smokers, 1326

nitrosamines in etiology of, 12:74
in progeny after maternal exposure
to benzo(a)pyrene in mice, 8:67
smoking and, summary of findings,
  1:1617

smoking and asbestos exposure and,
   7:11-13
smoking in etiology of, historical per-
   spective, 5:9
Neoplaans, bronchial
  See BRONCHIAL NEOPLASMS
Nwplaeme. =phagerrl
  See ESOPHAGEAL NEOPLASMS
N-P- krynseal
  See LARYNGEAL NEOPLASMS
Neoplasnu, lip
  See I.lF' NEOPLASMS
Neophans, lung
  See LUNG NROPLASMS
Nwplasms, mouth
  See MOUTH NBOPLASMS
Neophmu, pan-tic
  See PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS
Neopluaae, phuyngecll

  See PHARYNGBAL NEOPLASMS
Neoplamns, oral
  See ORAL NEOPLASMS
Ned-m tonsw

  See TONGUE NEOPLASMS
NEUROTICISM
6% also ANXIETY; STRESS)
cessation of smoking and, 18:17-18
maintenance of smoking and, 18:7-g
smoking characteristics and, 18:13
NICKEL

(See abo MFXALS)
levels in tobacco smoke, 1459
and smoking in lung neoplasm etiolo
   gy, 528
NICOTINE

(See &IO ALKALOIDS, TOBACCO)
absorption by involuntary smoking,
  11%

addiction, 16:7-g, 18:l2
in allergy induction, 10%
in amniotic fluid after maternal in-
jection in animals, 8:54
in atherosclerosis induction in ani-
  mals, 4:16

cardiovascular diseases and, 14:79

carotid blood levels after oral admin-
  istration, 14:86

central nervous system receptor sites,
  16:1%19

dependence and, 1497
effect of cigar smoke inhalation on
absorption, 13:16-17
effect of fetal injection in utero in
  animals, 855

effect of maternal injection on fetus
  in animals, 854-57
effect of maternal injection on num-
ing kittens, 8:49
effect of maternal injection on off-
spring in rats, 8:10-11
effect of maternal injection on psy-
  chomotor function in newborn
  animals, 8:57

effect of self-administration on
  smoking habit, 15:l2
effect of smoking characteristics on
  absorption, 14:87
effect on angina pectoris, 4:39
effect on antidiuretic hormone secre-
  tion, 12:37, 1254
effect on arousal, 15:ll
effect on arteries in rabbits, 4:56
effect on behavior in monkeys, 15:12
effect on behavior in rata, 15:11,
  15:18

effect on birth weight in animals,
  853

effect on blood lipid levels in ani-
  mals, 4:61

effect on blood pressure and heart
  rate, 458, 14:87, 14:91
effect on cardiovascular system,
12:52-&l, 14339
effect on cardiovascular system in
animals, 855-56
effect on cardiovascular system in
animals with myocardial infarct,
  445

effect on catecholamines in rats,
  14%

effect on central nervous system,
  14:89

effect on cerebrovascular circulation,
  456

effect on corticosteroid secretion,
  1246

effect on drug assays, 1234


effect on enzyme activity, 1227-28,
  14:87

effect on enzyme activity in rat in-
testines, 1276

effect on exercise induced angina
pectoris, 4 :47

effect on fetal and newborn central
nervous system, 857
effect on fetal and newborn central
nervous system in animals, 856
effect on fetus, research needs, 8:79
effect on fetus and breastfed infants
of smoking mothers, 8:51
effect on free fatty acids, 1240,
  1490

effect on gastric secretion in cats,
  9:12-13

effect on gastric secretion in man,
  9:1114

effect on heart function in animals
with coronary heart disease, 449
effect on hormones in monkeys,
  1520

effect on immunoglobulins, 6:31
effect on ischemia, 4:3S
effect on lactation in cats, 8:49
effect on lactation in cows, 8:49
effect on lactation in rats, 8:49
effect on lung function, 1490
effect on lymphocytes in mice, lo:19
effect on nitrosamine biosynthesis,
  12:75

effect on pancreatic secretion in
dogs, 553, 9:14-15
effect on patellar reflex, 14:92
effect on pharmacokinetics, 12:27-23
effect on psychomotor performance,
  16:8

effect on pregnant rats, 8:19-11
effect on serum secretin levels, 9:14-
  15

effect on smoking habit, 15:7-8
effect on smoking habit, summary of
findings, 1:3932
effect on tolerance in rats, 15:16
effect on vitamin C levels in ani-
mals, 1266

in establishing smoking habit, 15:5
excretion under stress, 16:8
induction of hyperglycemia in cats,
  14:SS

induction of peptic ulcer in cats,
  9:12-13

induction of peptic ulcer in rata, 9:E
interactive effect with oxprenolol on
blood pressure, 1254
interactive effect with propranolol on
cardiovascular system, l2:53
internal regulation in smokers, 16:13-
  14

in maintenance of smoking habit,
  15:14

maternal-fetal exchange in animals,
  854

metabolism in maternal and fetal liv-
er in animals, 855
metabolism in smokers vs. nonsmok-
ers, 15:s

methods of absorption, 14%
myocardial infarct and, 420
pancreatic neoplasms and, 553
pharmacology in cessation of smok-
ing, 1494, 14:97
protonation and, 14: 198
as reinforcer, 16:l2, 16:lB
relative molar potency in cigarette
  smoke, 14%

role as hapten, 1O:ll
role in alteration of drug metabo-
lism, 1240

sales weighted average delivery in
American cigarettes, 14-111
smoke dosimetry and, 14:75
structural formula, 1446
summary of physiological effects,
  1:3&31

NICOTINE CONTENT
(See also ALKALOID CONTENT)
in blood, effect of smoking cigarettes
   vs. little cigars, 14:87
in blood after oral administration,
    1436

in cigar vs. cigarette smoke, 13:ll
in cigarette smoke, 14%
in cigarettes, health characteristics
and, 3:ll

in cigarettes vs. little cigars, 14:44-
  45

in cow's milk after intramuscular in-
jection, 8:49

decrease in modem cigarettes, A:lS
  20

effect on mortality, 2:22
filters and, 14:104
in milk of lactating smoking vs. non-
smoking mothers, 850-51


as smoke inhalation indicator, 14:75
in urine and plasma of smokers vs.
  nonsmokers, 11%
in urine as measure of tobacco us-
age, 1523

in urine of smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  15:2S

NICOTINE CHEWING GUM
  in cessation of smoking, 19:X-17
  in reduction of smoking, 16:8
NICOTINE-IN-SAIdVA TEST
  correlation with self-reported smok-
    ing, 1724

NICOTINE METAROtiSM
(See dao MEI'AROLISM)
degree of proton&ion in relation to
   pH, 14386

distribution and clearance in rats,
  14%)

effect of urinary pH on excretion,
  14:92-S3

enzymes and, 14:87
pathway, 14:93
rate of absorption, 14:92
NICOTINE METAROLFTES
(See also COTININE; NORNICO-
TINE)
in cigarette smoke, 14:~S4
effect of urinary pH on excretion,
    1492

NICOTINR REDUCTION
in cigarettes in the United States,
   1444

effect on lung neoplasm mortality
  patio, 595-16

methods, 143114
in particulate phase of cigarette
   smoke, 14:108
NICOTINE mxIcrN
atherosclerosis and, 1439
effect on heart, 14:78
effect on smoke inhalation dosimetry,
   14:75

hypertension and, 14:79
NITRIC OXIDE
in blood of smokers vs. nonsmokers,
    1436

effect on enzyme activity in rata,
  14:Bl

levels in cigarette smoke, 1446
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
in cigarette smoke, 14:41

in soil, effect on tobacco leaf quality,
  14:15-16

NITROGEN DIOXIDE
effect on antibody response to back
   rial vaccines in mice, 1259
effect on respiratory tract in rata,
    14:Bl

NITROGEN OXIDES
absorption, 1493
cardiovascular diseases and, 4:62
content in mainstream cigarette
   smoke, 14:39

NITROSAMINE CONTENT
in cigarette smoke, 1433, 14%
effect of curing and fermentation,
    1445

effect of homogenized leaf curing,
effect of smoking in enclosed spaces,
  1125

reduction in gas phase cigarette
smoke, 14:lM

reduction in particulate phase ciga-
   rette smoke, 14:ll.Z
in tobacco and tobacco smoke, 12:74
NITROSAMINES
(See also DVOSA-
  =E)
agricultural practices and, 14:lM
biosynthesis in' smokers, l2:74-75
bladder neoplasms and, 5:47
in chewing tobacco, 1445
effect of maternal injection on tra-
   cheal neoplasms in hamster off-
   spring, 856

effect of nicotine on biosynthesis,
  l2:75

in esophageal neoplasm induction in
  animals, 5:44

in lung neoplasm induction in ham-
sters, 530

in neoplasm etiology, 12:74
in pancreatic neoplasm induction in
hamstem, 5:51-53
precursors, 14:41
quantification by thermal energy an-
alyzer, 14:ll

in respiratory tract neoplasm induc-
  tion in animals, 530
structural formulae, 14:46


NONSMOKERS
(See also SMOKFXS VS. NON-
SMOREBS)
absorption of tobacco smoke constitu-
   ents, 11:6

annoyance caused by tobacco smoke,
  1125

annual probability of dying, 23634
effect of involuntary smoking, 11:5,
  11:15, 1128

effect of involuntary smoking on
carboxyhemoglobin levels, 11:21,
  11:23

effect of tobacco smoke, 112.5
median carboxyhemoglobin levels by
  location, 1123

nicotine absorption by involuntary
smoking, 11%

perception of health status, 3:lP15
rights, 16:19-m, 21:14, 21:lB
typology, 18:13
NORNICOTINE
(See de0 NICOTINE METABO-
LIT)=)
relative molar potency in cigarette
   smoke, 1496

structural formula, 14:46
NORTRFIYLINE
plasma concentrations in smokers vs.
   nonsmokers, 12:39
NOSE IRRITATION
effect of smoking in enclosed spaces,
    1126
NURSES

role in cessation decision, 21:l2,
  21:14, 22:17

smoking habita, 22:l2-14
NURSING HOMES
smoking policies, 2220

OBESITY

(See also BODY WEIGHT)
cessation of smoking and, 12:67
OBSTRUCTIVB AIRWAY DISEASES
(See also BRONCHITIS; BRON-
CHOPULMONARY DISEASES;
  CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVB LUNG
DISEASE; EMPHYSEMA)
smoking in cotton workers and, 7%
    10

smoking in fire fighters and, 7:19-11
smoking in miners and, 7:s

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
  (See ah ASBBSTOSIS; BYSSINO
  SIS; NBOPLASMS; POLYMBR
  PUME PRVRR)
asbestosis, 7:11-13
byssinosis, 7:s
"Monday morning fever", 7:s
polymer fume fever, 75-6
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
bionchopulmonary diseases and, 1:19,
   636, 7:13
interactive effect with smoking, sum-
   mary of findings, 1:19-20
smoking and bladder neoplasms and,
    5:47
smoking and pancreatic neoplasms
   and, 5~47
and smoking in lung neoplasm etiolw
   gy, 5:27-29
smoking levels and health risk, 7:17
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
alpha irradiation from radon, 7:14
aromatic amines, 7:16
asbestos, 7:11-13
beta radiation, 7:lO
carbon monoxide, 7:8
chlorine, 7:lO
chloromethyl ether, 7:X-16
dust, coal, 7:9
dust, cotton, 7:s
dust, gold, 7:15
effect of smoking and recommends-
   tions for research, 7:lS
hydrogen cyanide, 7~7-8
rubber, 7:13
OCCUPATIONS
asbestos workers, 528, 7:11-13
battery factory workers, 7:15
benzene workers, 14:51
blast furnace workers, 7:8
blue- and white-collar workers, 7:17
bronchitis in smokers vs. nonsmokers
   and, 639
chemists, 5:51
chlorine workers, 7:lO
chloromethyl ether workers, 529,
    7:15-16
coal gas workers, 7:16
coal miners, 1335
cotton workers, 7:9
electroplaters, 7:7
fire fighters, 7:19-11
gold miners, 7:15


industrial workers, 22:16-17, 22:lS
insulation workers, 7:ll
methylene chloride workers, 7:89
miners, 7:s
nickel workers, 528
rubber workers, 7:13
smoking prevalence rates and, 18:16,
  A:16

steelworkers, 7:8
telephone workers, 6:37
tobacco workers, female, 8:s
uranium miners, 528, 7:14, 12%
OFFICE ON SMOKING AND
  HEALTH

information dissemination function,
   2327-28
OldiiS

See ALKRNES

ONTARIO PERINATAL MORTALITY
STUDY, 833-35, 8:37, 839-42, 84.5
ORAL NEOPLASMS, 5:39--Q
(See ah LEIJROPLAIUA; LIP
NEOPLASM& MOUTH NEO-
PLASMS; TONGUE NEOPLASMS)
alcohol consumption and smoking
   and, 5:4@-41

animal models, 5:41-42
betel chewing in etiology of, 1349
  41

cigar and pipe smoking and, 539
induced by benzo(a)pyrene in ham-
  sters, 542

induced by dimethyl benzanthracene
in hamsters, 542
induced by methylcholanthrene in
hamsters, 542

mortality ratio in cigarette vs. cigar
vs. pipe smokers, 13:21-23
mortality ratio in smokers, 539-46
smoking and, summary of findings,
  1:17

smoking in etiology of, 5:3942
snuff in etiology of, 13:3940
tobacco chewing and, 539-46
tobacco chewing in etiology of,
   1340-41
ORALITY

smoking habit and, 18:s
ORGAIUOTIN
smoking and occupational exposure,
    7:7
OSTEOPOROSIS
smokers vs. nonsmokers, 12:67

OXPRENOLOL
interactive effect with nicotine on
   blood pressure, 1254
OXYGEN TENSION
effect of maternal and fetal carbox-
   yhemoglobin levels, 864
OXYGEN TRANSPORT
effect of carbon monoxide in mother
   and fetus, 8:61

OXYBEMOGLOBIN SATURATION
  CURVES

maternal and fetal, effect of carbon
monoxide levels in blood, 8:62-G&
  8:72

PANCREATIC NROPLASMS
animal models, 5:5153
correlation with bladder neoplasms,
    5:47
diet and, 5:51
effect of smoking levels on mortality
   and risk ratios, 550, 5:52
effect of smoking and occupational
   exposure, 7:17

induced by nitrosamines in hamsters,
  5:51L53

mortality and risk ratios in male vs.
female smokers, 550-52
naphthylamines and, 5:51
nicotine and, 553
occupational exposure and, 5:51
smoking and, summary of findings,
  1:17

PANCREATIC SECRETION
effect of nicotine in animals and
   man, 9:lP15

effect of nicotine in dogs, 553
effect of smoking, 9:14-15
Paper, cigarette
  See CIG- PAPER
Parental smoking
  See SMOKING, PARENTAL
PARKINSONISM
smoking and, 2:41
PARTICULATE PHASE, CIGARETTE
  SMOKE
  (See also TARS, TOBACCO; TO-
TAL PARTICULATR MATTBR)
aromatic hydrocarbons reduction,
    14:109
component levels, 15:6
definition, 1435, 1438
determination of tar levels, 14:43


levels of toxic compounds, 1464-65
levels of metals, 1459
nicotine reduction, 14:103
nitrosamines reduction, 14:112
ratio of constituents in main- vs.
   sidestream smoke, 11:6
polonium-210 reduction, 14:113
tar reduction methods, 14:llO
toxicity reduction, 14:103
toxicity reduction methods, 14:114
Pan&e smoking
  See INVOLUNTARY SMOKING
Peak explratory flow measurements
  See RESPIRATORY FUNCTION
  TESTS

PEER GROUPS
influence on cessation of smoking,
   l&21

influence on drug abuse in adoles-
cents, 1314

influence on initiation of smoking,
  16:5

influence on smoking habit in adoles-
  cents, 17:10, 17:14, 21:X%14
youth-to-youth antismoking programs
  20:9

PENTAZGCINE
dosage requirements in smokers vs.
   nonsmokers, 12:36
Peptic ulcer

See ULCER, PEPTIC
PERINATAL MORTALITY
(See also INFANT MORTALITY;
  MORTALITY RISK; NEONATAL
MORTALITY)
effect of maternal smoking, summa-
   ry of findings, 122
gestational age and risk in smoking
   vs. nonsmoking mothers, 843
maternal smoking in etiology of,
    12:67

maternal smoking levels and, 83940
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
animal models, 453
clinical and pathological features,
    4:52
research needs, 454
risk factors, 4:52
smoking and, summary of findings,
    1:1&15
smoking and, 453-54
smoking vs. nonsmoking diabetics,
    453

PERSONALITY
(See also BEHAVIOR)
cessation of smoking and, 18:17-l&
    18:21-22

effect on pharmacokinetica, 12:4041
effect on success rates for cessation
of smoking, 1524
maintenance of smoking and, 18:NO
maternal smoking and, 826
and recidivism, 19:31
and smoking habits in adolescents,
  17:16

PESTICIDE RESIDUES
hydrazine formation, 14:41
reduction in tobacco, 14:61
structural formulae, 14:62
in tobacco leaf, 14:lB
in tobacco smoke, 12:75
toxic effects in smokers, 12:75
PB

cigar vs. cigarette vs. pipe smoke,
  13:15-16

PIL4GOCYTOSIs
  (See also MACROPBAGBS, AL
  VEoLAN
effect of tobacco smoke, 639-31
role in lung neoplasm etiology, 5:31
PHARMACISTS

antismoking advice to customers,
  22:17

as role models, 22:3-Q
smoking habits, 22%
PRARMACODYNAMICS
  (See aleo DRUG METABOLISM;
  PBARMAcoLOGY)
absence of smoking effect, D&37-39
clinical importance of smoking hi&c+
   ry in drug monitoring, l2:4142
dexamethasone, effect of smoking,
    12:37

diazepam, effect of smoking, 12:33
effect of smoking, l2:2744
effect of smoking, summary of find-
ings, 1325-26

furosemide, effect of smoking, 1237
propranolol, effect of smoking, 1237
research needs, 1244
smokers vs. nonsmokers, l236-37
PIL4RMAcoRINErw3
(SW ako DRUG MEXARGLISM;
PRARMAcoL4xY)
absence of smoking effect, 12:37-39


antipyrine, in smokers vs. nonsmok-
  ers, 1229-31

caffeine, effect of aromatic hydrocar-
bons in rats, 12:32-33
clinical importance of smoking his&
ry in drug monitoring, 12:41-42
effect of behavior and personality,
  1246-41

effect of marijuana, 1242-43
effect of smoking, 1227-44
effect of smoking, summary of find-
ings, 125-26

ethanol, in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  1239

glutethimide, in smokers vs. non-
smokers, 1233

imipramine, effect of smoking, 1233
meperidine, in smokers vs. nonsmok-
ers, 1239

nortriptyline, in smokers vs. non-
  smokers, 1239

pentazocine, in smokers vs. nonsmok-
ers, 1236

phenacetin, effect of cigarette smoke
in rats, l2:29-29
phenacetin, in smokers vs. nonsmok-
  ers, 1228-29

phenytoin, in smokers vs. nonsmok-
ers, 1238

research needs, 1244
theophylline, effect of methylcholan-
threne in rats, 12:32
theophylline, in smokers vs. nonsmok-
ers, l2:3132

warfarin, effect of benzo(a)pyrene in
  rata, 1239

warfarin, in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  12%

PIIARMACOLOGY
(See aleo PHARMACODYNAMICS;
  PHARMAcoKINEmcs)
carbon monoxide in establishing
  smoking habit, 15:7
cigarette smoke, 14385, 1494, 14:97-
   99

dependence and tolerance in mainte-
nance of smoking habit, 15:14
nicotine in establishing smoking hab
it, 15:5, 15:7-9

tar in establishing smoking habit,
  16:7

PIIARYNGEAL NEOPLASMS
  (See also RESPIRATORY TRACT
NEOPLASMS)
alcohol consumption and smoking
   and, 5:4&H

mortality in cigar vs. cigarette vs.
   pipe smokers, 1322-23
PIIENACRTIN
effect of cigarette smoke on pharma-
   cokinetica in rats, 12:~29
effect of methylcholanthrene on
   pharmacokinetics in rats, 12:28-
    29

pharmacokinetics in smokers vs. non-
   smokers, 1223-29
PHENOLS

in cigarette smoke condensate, 14:52
effect of filters, 1454
effect on ciliary activity, 14:Bl
levels in cigar vs. cigarette smoke,
  13:11-12

levels in smoke of filtered vs. nonfil-
   tered cigarettes, 14:57
reduction of levels in gas phase ciga-
   rette smoke, 14:166
structural formulae, 14%
PIIRNYLRuTAz0NR
effect of smoking on pharmacokinetr
   its, 1233
PIIRNYTQIN

pharmacokinetics in smokers vs. non-
smokers, 1238

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
  (See also EXERCISE)
effect on coronary heart disease inci-
   dence in smokers, 438
PHYSICALDEVELOPMENT
effect of maternal smoking on chil-
   dren, 1:21

PIIYsMAN VISITS
smokers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-smok-
   era, 3:15, 3:17
PHYSICIANS

as health educators, 22:X-16
role in cessation decision, 19:l2-14,
21:11-12, 21:14, 22:19, 22-22
as role models, 226-8
in school antismoking programs,
  299-10

tobacco alkaloids, 1494           smoking habits, 21:12, 229-14


See SMOKE, PIPE; SMOKERS,
PIPE; SMOKING, PIPE; TOBAC-
  CO, PIPE
PLACENTA

aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity
after maternal exposure to ben-
zo(a)pyrene in rats, 8-66
effect of maternal smoking, 8:69
effect of maternal smoking, research
  needs, 8:78

PLACENTA PREVIA
gestational age and risk in smoking
   vs. nonsmoking mothers, 8:44,
   8:46

maternal smoking levels and, 839
maternal smoking levels and perina-
   tal mortality, 8:40
PLACENTAL RATIO
effect of maternal smoking, 8:1&18
effect of oxygen availability, 8:17
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 8:15-16,
   8:lB

POLONIUM-210
cardiovascular diseases and, 4:62
levels in cigarette smoke, 14:60
levels in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
   12374-75

neoplasm induction in Syrian ham-
  sters, 14:61

reduction in particulate phase ciga-
  rette smoke, 14:113
in tissues of smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  14:6@-61

as tobacco contaminant, 14:2&21
POLYCYTBEMIA
smoking in etiology of, 12:83
POLYMER FUME FEVER
  (See also OCCUPATIONAL DIS-
EASES)
smoking and, 7:s
PREECLAMPSLA
maternal smoking and, research
   needs, 8~77

maternal smoking levels and, 8:42
PREGNANCY

(See also PRETERM DELIVERY)
accidental hemorrhage in smokers vs.
  nonsmokers, 8%

cessation of smoking during, 22:16,
  22:18, 2223

complications, research needs, 8:76-77

smoking and abruptio placentae and
placenta previa, 8:39
smoking and bleeding, 8%
smoking and premature membrane
rupture, 8:39

gestational age and premature mem-
brane rupture in smokers vs.
  nonsmokers, 8:44, 846
smoking levels and abruptio placen-
tae, bleeding, placenta previa and
premature membrane rupture, 3-
  39-41

smoking levels and perinatal mortali-
ty, 8:40

PRETERM DELIVERY
effect of maternal smoking levels,
    8:43

and infant mortality risk in smoking
vs. nonsmoking mothers, 8:42
maternal smoking and, 192
in smoking vs. nonsmoking mothers,
  8:42

PREVENTION OF SMOKING
  (See also ANTISMOKING CAM-
PAIGNS; CESSATION OF SMOK-
IN'3
communication models, 17:11-E?
recommendations for the future,
    17:2225

summary of methodologies and pro-
  g-rams, 133-34

Swedish Wyear program, 17:21-22
youth programs, 17:6, 17:17-Z
PROI'OXYPBRNR
clinical effect in smokers vs. non-
   smokers, l2:3f%37
PROPRANOML
interactive effect with cigarette
   smoke on airways, 1254
interactive effect with nicotine on
   cardiovascular system, 1253
interactive effect with smoking on
   cardiovascular system, l2:37
PROSTAGLANDINS
effect of cigarette smoke on met&c+
   lism in lungs in rabbits, 1239
PROTEINS

effect of smoking on metabolism,
  12s-66

synthesis, role in enzyme induction,
  12:21-22

PROTONATION
nicotine in relation to pH, 14:86


nicotine reduction and, 14:198
PSYCIIOMoToR PERFORMANCE
effect of carbon monoxide, 11:2X$
    11:34
nicotine deficit and, 16:8
PUBLIC HEALTH CIGARETITE
SMOKING ACT, A:7
pulmonuy isholu --P&r-
See MACROPHAGES, ALVEOLAR
Pulmonary ckucm&
See CILIARY ACTIVITY; LUNG
  FUNCTION
Pulmonary fun&on
  See LUNG PUNCTION
PYLORIC PRESSURE
effect of smoking, 9:16

RADIATION

alpha exposure from radon as occu-
pational hazard, 7:14
beta exposure as occupational hazard,
  7:lO

bladder neoplasms and smoking and,
  12%

and cigarette tars in neoplasm induc-
tion in mice, 7:lO
laryngeal neoplasms and smoking
  and, l2:99

and smoking in lung neoplasm etiolo-
gy, 5:23

synergistic effect with smoking on
   respiratory tract, 1299
RADIOELEMENTS
levels in tobacco and tobacco smoke,
   14:60

reduction in particulate phase ciga-
   rette smoke, 14:113
as tobacco contaminants, 14:20-21
RADIUM-226
levels in cigarette smoke, 1469
as tobacco contaminant, 14:2&21
Rapid t?moking
  see AVERSIVE THERAPY
RECIDIVISM
carboxyhemoglobin levels as measure
   of, 15:29-30
cognitive and physiological factors,
    16:lB
post-treatment followup, 193
prevention, 1939-31, 19:35
ratee in cessation programs, 21:15-17
withdrawal state and, 16:18

Remnetituted tthum sheet
  see TOBACCO SHEET
REFLEXES

effect of nicotine, 14:92
Relative molar potency
  See MOLAR POTENCY
RELIGION

church attendance and motivation for
smoking, 18:ll

effects of beliefs on tobacco con-
sumption, 1824

RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS
(See aLso LUNG FUNCTION)
in smokers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-
   smokers, 6:14-16
RESPIRATORY SYMF'TOMS
in cigar and pipe smokers vs. non-
   smokers, 1334

in childhood and adult respiratory
  tract disease, 638-39
in cigar vs. cigarette vs. pipe smok-
  ers, 13:3C37

effect of air pollution in smokers vs.
  nonsmokers, 6:37
effect of smoking, 6:7
effect of smoking in children, 6:11-
  12

rate of decline of FEV in smokers
  vs. nonsmokers and, 622
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 6%
smoking and, summary of findings,
  1:13-19

smoking and sex ratio, 6%
smoking levels and, 620
in smoking vs. nonsmoking twins,
  6%

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
(See also LUNGS; TRACHEA)
effect of cessation of smoking, 1521
effect of inhalation in cigar and pipe
   smokers, 13:15-16
effect of nitrogen dioxide in rats,
    14:Bl

effect of rapid smoking, 19:26
synergistic effect of uranium and
smoking, 12%

RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES
(See also LUNG DISEASES)
cessation of smoking in patients,
    12:18-19

effect of involuntary smoking in
children, 11:32


effect of parental smoking on inci-
dence in children, 11:3%34
effect of smoking and history of
childhood respiratory symptoms,
  638-39

mass media preventive campaign,
  21:lO

smoking and, 6:7
smoking history of young adults and,
  6:12

smoking in children and, 6:11-12
RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
allergic predisposition and smoking,
    1022

effect of parental smoking on inci-
dence in children, lO:lZ, 11:32
effect of passive smoking in infants,
  845

effect of smoking on mortality, 2:41
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 629
smoking levels and, 630
RESPIRATORY TRACT MUCOSA
effect of smoking, lo:14
RESPIRATORY TRACT NEOPLASMS
  (See duo LARYNGEAL NEO-
PLASM& LUNG NEOPLASM&
PHARYNGEU NEOPIhSMS;
TRACHEAL NEOPLASMS)
smoking in uranium miners and, 7:14
RNA

effect of methylcholanthrene on me-
   tabolism, 12:21-Z
role in enzyme induction, 12:21-22
ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON FOUN-
  DATION

Health Activities Project, 21%
ROLE MODEIS
(See also PARENTAL SMOKING;
PEER GROUPS; SIBLING SMOK-
ING; TEACHERS; HEALTH PRO-
FESSIONALS)
in cessation of smoking, 18:21, 226-9
influence on smoking in adolescents,
  17:11, 20:6, 21:11-14, 2335
RUBBER
occupational hazards, 7:13

SALIVA
nicotine and thiocyanates in smokers
   vs. nonsmokers, 1539
SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY LABORA-
  TORY
program description, 2O:lP15, 212.5

SASKATOON SMOKING STUDY
description 29-11-12, 2325
SATURATED FATS
in atherosclerosis induction in ani-
   mals, 4:9
SCHICK SMOKING CONTROL CEN-
  TERS
cessation program, 21:16
SCHOOL HEALTH CURRICULUM
  PROJECT
community agency involvement, 23:15
curriculum development approach,
    23:19
description, 20:X4-22
evaluation, 17:1W20, 20%
parental involvement, 21:19
teacher training, 2321-23, 23:32
SCHOOL HEALTH EDUCATION
  STUDY
antismoking education component,
    23:18
SCHOOL PROGR.AMS
(See aLso names of individual pro-
  grams)
antismoking education, 205-22
colleges, 21:!&11
curriculum theory, 23:X-22
effect on students' smoking habits,
    17:15
evaluation, 17:18-21, 2024-25, 23:23-
    25
influence on parents, 21:19-21
recommendations for the future,
    2326-39
smoking policies, 23%15
state health education laws, 23:5-7
teaching methods, 23:2.%?7
SECREl'IN RELEASE
effect of nicotine, 9:lP15
effect of smoking, 9:15-16
SELF-REPORTS
(See also VERBAL REPORT )
carboxyhemoglobin levels as indicator
   of accuracy, 3:l2
validity, 1724, 19:C7, 19:33, 21:~~
SENSORY DEPRIVATION
cessation of smoking and, 19:13-19
SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN LEV-
  EIS
effect of smoking, lo:18
SERUM PRECIPITINS
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 1O:ll


SEVENTH DAY ADVENTISTS
5Day Plan (cessation program),
   19:10, 21:X-16
SEX RATIO

absenteeism and, 3:8, 3:13
adolescent smoking, 177, 17:13,
18:16, 21%

bed disability in smokers vs. non-
  smokers, 3:12

bladder neoplasms in smokers, 5:45
  47

cessation of smoking and, 3:18, 18:21
cessation of smoking and alcohol con-
sumption, 1820

cessation of smoking and personality,
  18:17-18

chronic obstructive lung disease and,
  6~7

consumption of cigarettes, cigars,
snuff, pipe and chewing tobacco
  in the United States, 14-13
coronary heart disease morbidity ra-
  tios in smokers vs. nonsmokers
  vs. ex-smokers, 429-30
coronary heart disease mortality ra-
  tios in smokers vs. nonsmokers,
  424

effect of less hazardous cigarettes on
mortality, 224-25
heart conditions and, 3:19
high density lipoprotein levels in
  smokers vs. nonsmokers, 4:61X2
laryngeal neoplasm risk in smokers
and ex-smokers, 533, 535.38
lung function, 6:21-22
lung function in ex-smokers, 623
lung neoplasm mortality ratio in low
tar and nicotine cigarette smok-
ers, 5:16-17

lung neoplasm mortality ratio in
smokers, 5:11-l.2

lung neoplasm risk in filtered vs. un-
filtered cigarette smokers, 5:16,
  5:X-19

pancreatic neoplasm mortality and
risk ratios in smokers, 550-52
prevalence of acute conditions in
smokers vs. nonsmokers, 3:9
prevalence of chronic conditions in
  smokers vs. nonsmokers, 37
prevalence of chronic obstructive pul-
monary disease, 620
recidivism and, 19:31

smoking and respiratory symptoms,
  620

smoking and respiratory symptoms in
children, 6:11-12
smoking characteristics, 5:21, 523
smoking habit and neuroticism, 18:B
smoking habit and socioeconomic sta-
  tus, 18:16

smoking habit in the United States,
  5:19-21

smoking in blue- and white-collar
workers, 7:17

smoking levels and lung pathology,
  627

snuff users in the United States,
  13:lO

Teenage Self Test scores, 20%
tobacco chewers in the United
states, 13:lO

SIBLING SMOKING
adolescents, 17:14
maintenance of smoking and, 18:15
Side&ream smoke
See SMOKE, CIGARJTITE SIDE-
  STREAM; SMOKE STREAMS
SLEEP

deprived vs. nondeprived smokers,
  15:ll

SMALL AIRWAYS FUNCTION
  (See also RESPIRATORY FUNC-
TION TESTS)
chronic obstructrve lung disease and,
    6:ll

effect of smoking levels, 6:1%19
pathological lesions of small airways
and, 6:X+-19

screening methods for individuals at
   high risk for chronic obstructive
   lung disease, 6:l2
in smokers vs. nonsmokers, 6:13
in smokers vs. nonsmokers vs. ex-
   smokers, 6:lP16
SMOKE, CIGAR
(See also SMOKERS, CIGAR;
SMOKING, CIGAR; TOBACCO, CI-
G-W
ammonia content, 1439
aromatic hydrocarbon content, 13:11-
    12

carbon monoxide content, 13:l2,
  1438, 14:104
chemical analysis, 13:11-13
ciliatoxicity, 13:36-37


effect of inhalation on respiratory
   tract, 13:15-16
pH, 13:15-16
phenol content, 13:E!
SMOKE, CIGARETl'E
  (See also SMOKERS; SMOKING;
TOBACCO, CIGAIWITE)
alcohol content, 1442
alkene content, 1443
aldehyde content, 1442
amine content, 14:41
aromatic hydrocarbon content, 14:41-
    42

benzene compound content, 14:49
carcinogenic PAH activity, 1454
chemical composition percent distri-
  bution, 14%

constituents, and biological response,
  14%

constituents, research recommenda-
  tions, 14:l29

effect of cigarette manufacturing on
  constituents, 1423-30
effect of constituents on enzyme ac-
tivity, 12:7

effect of static burning temperature,
  14336

effect on antibody response in mice,
  12:59

effect on central nervous system,
  15:ll

effect on immunoglobulins, 6:31-32
effect on lung function, 1499
effect on macrophages, 629-39
effect on mucociliary system, 6:3233
effect on phagocytic activity of al-

veolar macrophages, lo:17
effect on phenacetin pharmacokinet-
  its in rats, 1228-29
effect on prostaglandin F-2a metabo-
lism in lungs in rabbits, 1239
effect on systemic humoral immunity
in mice, lo:18

free fatty acid levels, 1455
heterocyclic compounds, 14:52, 14,57
hydraaine levels, 14:41
ketone levels, 14~42
naphthalene levels, 14:51
nickel levels, 14:59
nicotine levels, effect on blood pres-

  sure, 14:87
nicotine metabolites, 14:93-M
nitrile levels, 1449

nitrogen compound levels, 14:41
nitrosamine precursors, 14:41
nonvolatile nitrosamine levels, 14345
pharmacology, 14:85, 15:5
phenol levels, 14:57
physical and chemical nature, 14%
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon in-
   dicators, 14:lll
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons,
    14:51
radioelements, 1469
reaction mechanisms, 14:9
reduction of toxicity, 14:194, 14:198
relative molar potency of alkaloids,
    14%
retention in buccal cavity and respi-
   w.ory tract, l2:7
standard smoking conditions for
   analysis, 14%
structural formulae of pesticide resi-
   dues, 14:62
sulfur compounds levels, 14:49
summary of gas and particulate
   phase constitutents, 129-30
summary of toxic and carcinogenic
   constituents, 130
toxicity reduction methods, 14:114
weakly acidic heterocyclic compounds
   structural formulae, 14:56
SMOKE, GIG- MAINSTREAM
(Se aleo SMOKE STREAMS)
alkane content, 1443
amine content, 14347
ammonia content, 1439
arsenic content, 14:59
cadmium content, 1460
c&echo1 content, 1453
chemical composition, 1435
ciliatoxicity and, 14:195
cyanide content, 1439-49
humectant content, 1463
nicotine content, 144.5
nitrogen oxide content, 1439
phenol content, effect of filters,
    14:106
tar content determination, 1443
temperature profile, 14%
SMOKE, CIGARETTE SIDESTREAM
(See ah SMOlLE STREAMS)
alkane content, 1448
amine content, 1439, 14:41, 14:47
catechol content, 14~54
chemical composition, 1438


nicotine content, 1445
tar content, 14:44
temperature profile, 14:36
Smoke exposure
  See SMOKE INIIAIATION
SMOKE CONBENSATBS
(See also SMOKE, TOBACCO;
TABS, TOBACCO)
benzo(a)pyrene content, 14:1l2
carcinogenicity, 1330-32
carcinogenicity of experimental ciga-
   rettes in mice, 1436
cigar, alkaloid content, 13:ll
cigar, aromatic hydrocarbon content,
    13:11-I2

cigar, nicotine content, 13:l2
cigar, phenol content, 13:11-12
effect of cigarette manufacturing on
composition, 1428-36
effect on antiprotease activity in vi-
  tro, 628

effect on elastase release from lungs
in rats, 629

effect on enzyme release from poly-
  morphonuclear leukocytes, 628
phenol content, 14:52
role of cigarette manufacturers in
   control of constituents, 14:9
SMOKE INHALATION
(See alao SMOKING)
effect of cigar and pipe smoke pH,
   13:15-16

effect of switching tobacco products
on patterns, 13:1%19
effect on arterioles in dogs, 4:18
effect on blood pressure in cats,
  14:77

effect on carboxyhemoglobin levels
in cigar and pipe smokers, 13:18
effect on cigarette smoke retention
in buccal cavity, 12:7
effect on coronary heart disease
mortality ratios, 4:37
effect on enzymes in dogs, 14:78
effect on exercise tolerance in rats,
  14:77

effect on hemodynamics in dogs,
  14:76

effect on leukocyte count, 8:82
effect on lung neoplasm mortality
  ratio, 5:14-15

effect on lung neoplasm mortality
ratio in women, 5:21-Z?

effect on lungs in dogs, 14:76
effect on lungs in monkeys, 14:76
effect on mortality, 229-21
effect on mortality in cigar and pipe
  smokers, 13:18

effect on mortality ratio, 222-24
effect on mortality ratio in women,
  226-27

effect on myocardial infarct morbidi-
ty and mortality, 435
effect on nicotine absorption in cigar
  smokers, 13:X-17
effect on pregnant rats, 8:19-11
effect on respiratory system in cigar
and pipe smokers, 13:X-16
effect on tolerance in dogs, 15:16
exercise in dogs and, 14:78
exposure methodology, 14:73-74
in laryngeal neoplasm induction in
  hamsters, 5%

males vs. females, 5:21, 523
maternal, effect on mother and fetus
in sheep, 853

maternal, effect on offspring in rats,
  8:1911

in myocardial infarct induction in
   dogs, 14:77
patterns in cigar vs. cigarette vs.
   pipe smokers in Great Britain,
    13:18-19
patterns in the United States, 233
SMOKE, PIPE
  (See aleo SMOKERS. PIPE;
  SMOKING, PIPE; TOBACCO,
  PIPE)
aromatic hydrocarbon content, 13:11-
    12
pH, 13:15-16
SMOKB STBEAMS
  (See also SMOKE, CIGARETTE
MAINSTREAM; SMOKE, CIGA-
RElTE SIDESTREAM)
carbon monoxide content, 11:15
involuntary smoking and, 11:5
ratio of constituents in main- vs.
   sidestream smoke, 11:6
SMOKE WATCHERS
cessation program, 21:16
SMOKBNBEBS
cessation program, 21:16
followup evaluation, 19:ll


SMOKE, TOBACCO
   ( See ala SMOKE, CIGAR;
   SMOKE, CIGARElTE; SMOKE,
   PIPE; SMOKING)
absorption of constituents by non-
   smokers, 11:6, 11:15
in allergy etiology, 10:2%?4
amine and nitrosamine content, 12:74
amine content, 14:47
antigens, identification of, 1O:ll
carcinogens, ciliatoxic agents and tu-
   mor promoters in gas phase,
    554-55
carcinogens, cocarcinogens and tumor
   promoters in particulate phase,
   5354-57

constituents, correlation with tobacco
  leaf characteristics, 1424
effect of exposure in allergic chil-
  dren and adults, 10:14, lo:21
effect of leaf components, 14:ll
effect on alveolar macrophages, 6:36-
  31, 10:X-16

effect on blood lipid levels in ani-
mals, 4:61

effect on cardiovascular system in
animals with myocardial infarct,
  445

effect on cellular and humoral im-
munity, 639-31

effect on ciliary function, 1O:lP15
effect on enzyme activity, 1227-28,
  12:75-76

effect on enzyme systems, lo:16
effect on fetal weight and biih
weight in animals, 8:52
effect on fetal weight and maternal
  food intake in rats, 8:5253
effect on fetus, research needs, 8:79
effect on immune system, 10:5, lo:17
effect on lymphocytes in mice, lo:19
effect on metabolism of food constit-
  uents and additives, 12:75-76
effect on nonsmokers, 11%
effect on preexisting allergies, lo:13
effect on pregnant animals, 8:52
effect on rat fetus, 853
effect on tracheobronchial clearance
  in dogs, lo:15

eye irritation and, lo:21
heterocyclic compound carcinogens
  structural formulae, 14:55

measurement of constituents in enc-
losed spaces, 11:7-14
measurement of constituents under
natural conditions, 11:16-20
metal levels, 1458-59
in neoplasm induction in animals,
  1:17

nickel levels, 14:59
pesticide residues, l2:75
radioelement levels, 14:69
skin test reactions, lo:13
SMOKERS

(See also SMOKEBS, CIGAB;
SMOKERS, PIPE)
B and T cell count and ratio, lo:19
granular leukocyte levels, 1O:Xl
SMOKERS, CIGAR
  (See aho SMOKE, CIGAR; SMOK-
ING, CIGAR; TOBACCO. CIGAR)
blood cholesterol levels, 4:61
bronchitis and emphysema mortality,
    1324

cardiovascular disease mortality ratio,
  1333

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
mortality ratio, 1335
coronary heart disease mortality ra-
tio, 42223

effect of inhalation on mortality,
  13:lB

esophageal neoplasm mortality,
  13:~25

esophageal neoplasm mortality ratio,
  543

inhalation patterns in Great Britain,
  13:lB

leukocyte count, 12:Bl
lung neoplasm mortality rates, 523
lung neoplasm mortality ratio, 13:26-
  28

mortality, 13:13-14
myocardial infarct morbidity and
mortality, 4%

oral neoplasm mortality ratio, 13:21
relative risk ratio for lip neoplasms,
  13%

relative risk ratio for lung neo-

plaslns, 1329-30
respiratory symptoms, 1334
thrombosis mortality rates, 4:59
in the United States, 13:9


SMOKERS, PIPE
(See alm SMOKB, PIPE; SMOK-
ING, PIPE; TOBACCO, PIPE)
blood cholesterol levels, 4:61
bronchitis and emphysema mortality,
   1334

cardiovascular disease mortality ratio,
  13%

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
mortality ratio, 1385
coronary heart disease mortality ra-
  tio, 422-23

effect of inhalation on mortality,
  13:18

effect of inhalation on respiratory
  tract, 13:16-16
esophageal neoplasm mortality,
  1324-25

esophageal neoplasm mortality ratio,
  543

inhalation patterns in Great Britain,
  13:18

leukocyte count, 12:81
lung neoplasm mortality rates, 523
lung neoplasm mortality ratio, 1326
  28

mortality, 13:13-14
myocardial infarct morbidity and
mortality, 435

oral neoplasm mortality ratio, 13:21
relative risk ratio for lip neoplasma,
  1322

relative risk ratio for lung neo-
   phunns, 13Cz9-30
respiratory symptoms, 13%
thrombosis mortality rates, 4:59
in the United States, 13:9
SMOKERS VS. NONSMOKERS
(See a.h NONSMOKERS)
abruptio placentae, placenta previa,
  and bleeding during pregnancy,
   839

absenteeism, 3:8, 3:10, 3:13
accidental hemorrhage in pregnancy,
  839

activity limitation, 3:13-14
acute conditions, 3~6
air pollution and chronic obstructive
lung disease, 6:36
air pollution and lung pathology,
  636

alcohol consumption and drug use,
  12:41

alpha-l-antitrypsin deficiency and
emphysema, 634
alveolar macrophage migration, 6:31
angina pectoris morbidity ratios, 448
annual probability of dying, 230-34
antibody response to viral vaccines,
  12s3-59

antipyrine pharmacokinetics, 1229-31
anxiety levels, 16A-8
Arthus skin test characteristics, 1O:lO
asphyxia in infants of, 869
atherosclerosis, 4:19-12, 4:lP16
B and T lymphocytes, 6:31
bed disability, 3:12
bicarbonate levels in infants of, 869
bilirubin levels, 1234
birth weight of infants of, 8:11,
  8: 14-17, 820-21
bladder neoplasm mortality ratio,
  5A5-46

blood calcium levels, 1284
blood cholesterol levels, 4:61-62
blood circulation, 15:l2-13
blood coagulation, 1284-85
blood glucose levels, 1284
blood lipid levels, 128884
blood pressure, 4:57
blood protein levels, 1284
breast feeding, 8:48
bronchitis in gold miners, 7:15
bronchitis prevalence by occupations,
  639
c&oxyhemoglobin levels and carbon
monoxide occupational exposure,
  `7~8
carboxyhemoglobin levels in infants
  of, 869
carcinoembryonic antigen levels,
12:6142, 12546
cardiovascular disease mortality ra-
tios in Japan, 4:21, 434-35
cerebrovascular disease mortality
  rates and ratios in males vs. fe-
  males, 4:51
chronic obstructive lung disease and
mortality, 69-10
ciliary function, lo:15
clinical effects of propoxyphene,
  12:36-37
clinical effects of selected drugs,
  12:3637
coronary heart disease morbidity ra-
  tios, 427-83, 436-37


coronary heart disease mortality ra-
tios, 422-26, 4~3637
definition, 2324
drug use patterns, 18:1115
duration of gestation, 8:18
effect of behavior and personality on
pharmacokinetics, 1240-41
elastase release from macrophages,
  630

emphysema, 625-26
emphysema and lung pathology,
  623-24

erythrocyte parameters, 12:8%33
esophageal neoplasm mortality ratio,
  542-43

ethanol phannacokinetics, 12%
etiology of fetal and neonatal death,
  838

etiology of perinatal death, 8%
etiology of stillbiih, 8:3'7
fibrosis in asbestos workers, 7:12
gastric secretion in, 9:13
gestational age and infant mortality,
843, 845

gestational age and risk for abruptio
placentae, placenta previa and
premature membrane rupture, 3
  44, 846

gestational age and risk for preterm
delivery, 844

gestations1 age at birth of infants
of, 8~43

glutethimide pharmacokinetiq 1233
growth and development of children
of, 8:21-23

heart conditions, 3:1&l?, 3:19
head circumference in infants of,
  8:2%21

hematocrit in infants of, 8:69
high density lipoprotein levels in
  males vs. females, 4:61-62
histologic changes in esophagus, 5:44
hospitalization, 3:14-16
hyaline thickening in small arteries
and arterioles in myocardium,
  4:16

hypertension, 457
immunoglobulin containing cell
counts in lobar bronchi, lo:17
immunoglobulin levels, 6:31-32
infant mortality, 827, 834
infant mortality risk, 8:31

infarct mortality risk in black vs.
white mothers, 830
job accident rates, 7:15
kidney, liver, and lung weights, 129 ,
kidney neoplasm mortality and risk
  ratios, 543-49
lactation, 8:48
laryngeal neoplasm mortality ratio,
  5:32--B
learning, 15:19
leukocyte count, 259-82
level of well-being, 3:18
long-term study of children of, 8:22
  23

lung diseases in rubber workers, 7:13
lung function, 6:21
lung function after cadmium expo
sure, 7:15

lung function in black vs. white vs.
oriental men and women, 6:21
lung function in chlorine workers,
  7:lO

lung function in cotton workers, 7:9
lung function in miners, 7:9
lung neoplasm mortality and asbestoe
exposure, 7:ll

lung neoplasm mortality in twins,
  523

lung neoplasm mortality ratio in
males vs. females, 5:11-12
lung neoplasm mortality ratio in
  women, 520-22
lung neoplasm risk in asbestos facto-
ry workers, 7:11-12
lung neoplasm risk in insulation
  workers, 7:ll

lung neoplasms in chloromethyl ether
  workers, 7:16

lung neoplasms in uranium miners,
  7:14

lung pathology, 624-2'7
lung pathology in sudden death vic-
tims, 6:18

macrophage count and ultrastructure,
  lo:16

macrophages in bronchopulmonary la-
vage fluid, 629
maternal weight gain and fetal
growth, 824-25
meperidine clearance, 1239
mortality in twins, 2:42
mortality rates, 2:15
myocardial infarct in women, 12:52


myocardial infarct morbidity and
mortality, 435-36
neonatal mortality, 849
nicotine and cotinine content in
  urine, 1124

nicotine content in plasma, 1124
nicotine content of breast milk in
lactating mothers, 8:51
nicotine content of saliva, 1530
nicotine levels in urine, 1529
nicotine metabolism, 15:16, 15:9
nitric oxide levels, 1480
nortriptyline pharmacokinetics, 1239
obstructive airway dii in miners,
  7:9

oral neoplasm mortality ratio, 5:39-
  40

osteoporosis, l2:67
pancreatic neoplasm mortality and
risk ratios, 550-52
pentaxocine dosage requirements,
  12%

peptic ulcer healing, 99-10
peptic ulcer indicence, 95-6
peptic ulcer mortality rates, 9:ll
peptic ulcer prevalence, 6:7-8
peptic ulcer prevalence ratios in six
countries, 9:8

peptic ulcer size and recurrence, 9:9
perception of health status, 814-15
perinatal mortality, 835, 840
perinatal mortality and maternal
age, parity, and education, 833
perinatal mortality risk for infants
of, 8~32

peripheral vascular disease in diabet
ica, 453

pemonality, 185-10
phagocytic activity of alveolar mac-
rophages, lo:17
phenacetin pharmacokinetice, 122829
phenytoin pharmacokinetica, 12%
physician visits, 3:14, 3:17
placental changes, 869
placental ratioa, 8:18
polonium-210 levels in tissues, 10:60-
  61

preeclampsia and toxemia in preg-
nancy, 842

pregnancy weight gain and fetal
growth, 824

premature membrane rupture during
pregnancy, 889

preterm delivery and infant mortali-
ty risk, 8:42

prevalence of acute conditions, 3:9
prevalence of chronic conditions, 3:7
prognosis following vascular grafting,
  453

protease activity of macrophages,
  6%

proteinuria after cadmium exposure,
  7:15

rate of decline of FEV and respira-
tory symptoms, 622
respiratory symptoms in twins, 635
respiratory tract diseases in young
adults, 6:l2

respiratory tract infections, 6%
respiratory tract neoplasms in urani-

um miners, 7:14

respiratory tract symptoms, 620
response to diagnostic tests, l2:79
risk of low birth weight in infants

of, 8:13

serum albumin, uric acid, and creati-
nine concentration, l2:49, 12%
serum precipitins in, 10~11
skin test reactions to tobacco leaf

extracts, lo:13

small airways function, 6:13-16
socioeconomic status and chronic ob

stmctive lung diseases, 638
spontaneous abortion, 830-32
stillbirth incidence, 8:36
sudden cardiac death, 44344
sudden infant death syndrome in in-

fants, 8:45

T cell counts, lo:19
theophylline pharmacokinetics, 12:31-

32

thiocyanate levels in saliva, 15:30
thiocyanates in plasma, 7:7
thiocyanates in urine, 7~7
thrombosis mortality rates, 4:59
tolerance to cigarette smoke, 15:16-

17

trace metal levels, 12:73-74
tryptophan metabolism, 12:67
umbilical artery changes, 869
vitamin BIZ levels in pregnancy, 8:73
vitamin C levels in breast milk of

lactating mothers, 852
vitamin C levels in pregnancy, 8:74
vitamin C levels in serum, 1234
warfarin metabolism, 1255