{ NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT OF THE SENATE PROCEEDINGS.}
OPENED UP A NEWSPAPER AND I SAW SOMETHING INTERESTING. I'VE
SPOKEN ABOUT RICULTURE AND FAMILY FARMERS ON THE FLOOR OF THE
SENATE IN THE LAST FEW WEEKS, TALKED ABOUT WHAT'S HAPPENING IN
THE MIDDLE PART OF OUR COUNTRY WITH THE DEPEE POPULATION OF THE
MIDDLE OF AMERICA -- WITH HE DEPOPULATION OF THE MIDDLE OF THE
AMERICA, RURAL COMMUNITIES DRYING UP, SH RIFLING LIKE PRUNES,
PEOPLE MOVING OUT, NOT MOVING IN. MAIN STREET BUSINESSES GOING
OUT. NOBODY SEEMS TO CARE VERY MUCH. THE BUSINESS SECTION OF
{13:45:36} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
THE MINNEAPOLIS TRIBUNE HAD NO FASCINATING STORIES ON THE SAME
FRONT PAGE. IT RESPONDS IN A KIND OF PERVERSE WAY TO WHAT'S
HAPPENING BOTH HERE IN THIS CHAMBER AND ALSO AROUND THE COUNTRY
WITH RESPECT TO POLICY DEALING WITH FAMILY FARMERS. FIRST, "CAR
GUILD PROFITS FROM DECLINE IN FARM PRICES. 53% JUMP IN EARNINGS
EXPECTED." CAR GUILD. WELL, CAR GUILD IS A COMPANY. IT'S ALWAYS
DONE QUITE WELL, I BELIEVE. IT IS A PRIVATELY HELD COMPANY. IT
{13:46:10} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
MOVES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, IS INVOLVED IN A WIDE RANGE OF
ACTIVITIES DEALING WITH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. SO CAR GUILD
PRODUCTS FROM THE DECLINE IN FARM PRICES. IS THAT UNUSUAL?
NO. BIG AGRIBUSINESSES ALL TOO OFTEN ARE PROFITING FROM THE
MISERY OF AMERICA'S FAMILY FARMERS. FAMILY FARMERS OVER HERE GO
BROKE, CARGILL SEES 53% JUMP IN EARNINGS. AND CARGILL,
INCIDENTALLY, WANTS NOW TO MARRY UP WITH CONTINENTAL GRAIN.
{13:46:43} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
CARGILL AND CONTINENTAL, THEY WANT TO GET MARRIED, MERGE, AND
BECOME BIGGER, MORE MARKET POWER. AND IN THE QUESTION OF MARKET
POWER, IT'S REASONABLE TO ASK, WHO WINS AND WHO LOSES?
FAMILY FARMERS ALL TOO OFTEN LOSE AND THOSE WITH THE MOST
MARKET POWER WIN. CARGILL PROFITS FROM THE DECLINE IN FARM
PRICES. AND YOU COULD WIPE OUT THE NAME "CARGILL" AND INCLUDE
ANY NUMBER OF AGRIBUSINESSES. I'M NOT PICKING ON CARGILL. THEY
JUST HAPPENED TO BE IN THE PAPER ON SATURDAY. BUR THEN LET'S GO
{13:47:18} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
TO THE BOMTS OF THE SAME PAGE. "FARMERS ARE GOING BROKE. FAMILY
FARMERS ARE GOING BROKE BECAUSE COMMODITY PRICES HAVE
COLLAPSED." THE PRICE OF WHEAT HAS COLLAPSED. "GENERAL MILLS,
TOO BOOST CEREAL PRICES 2.5%." GENERAL MILLS IS RAISING CEREAL
PRICES AN AVERAGE OF 2.5%. NOW, ONE MIGHT ASK THE QUESTION IN
TERMS OF PUBLIC POLICY, WHAT'S GOING ON IN THIS COUNTRY?
WHEN THE FOLKS WHO GAS THE TRACTOR UP IN THE SPRING, BORROW
{13:47:53} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
SOME MONEY TO BUY SOME SEED AND SOME GAS AND SOME FERTILIZER,
THEN PLANT A CROP, RAISE SOME WHEAT AND SELL IT IN THE MARKET,
THEY'RE GOING BROKE BECAUSE THEY'RE TOLD THAT THE WHEAT THEY
PRODUCE FROM THE FIELDS DOESN'T HAVE ANY VALUE?
BUT THE PEOPLE THAT BUY THAT WHEAT AND TURN IT INTO CHEERIOS OR
WHEATIES OR LUCKY CHARMS, EVEN THOUGHTHE PRICES OF COMMODITIES
HAVE COLLAPSE AND THEY ARE PAYING THE FARMER LESS -- IN FACT,
SO LITTLE THAT FAMILY FARMERS ARE GOING BROKE IN RECORD NUMBERS
-- THEY SAY THEY NEED TO BOOST CEREAL PRICES THAT PEOPLE PAY AT
{13:48:26} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
THE GROCERY STORE. I WOKE UP THIS MORNING AND I ATE A BOWL OF
CEREAL. I WON'T ADVERTISE WHICH BOWL IT WAS, BUT I ATE A BOWL
OF CEREAL. AND I LOOKED AT THE BOX, AFTER I HAD SEEN THIS IN
THE PAPER ON SATURDAY, AND I TRIED TO AN ICE WHAT'S IN THIS
CEREAL I'M EATING. I'LL TELL YOU WHAT'S IN THE CEREAL. GRAIN.
AND SO THIS COMPANY BUYS IT FROM FATHERS PAYS THEM A PITTANCE.
AND THEN THEY PUFF IT OR THEY CRISP IT OR THEY SHRED IT, AND
ONCE THEY'VE GOT IT ALL PUFFED AND THEY SELL IT AS PUFFED
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WHEAT, OR SHREDDED WHEAT, ONCE THEY'VE GOT THE PROCESS ALL DONE
AND THEY'VE ADDED AIR TO IT, OR THEY'VE CUT IT WITH A KNIFE AND
BLOWN IT UP, THEN THEY PUT IT TO THE GROCERY STORE SHELL OF AND
THEY CHARGE A -- TO THE GROCERY STORE SHELF AND THEY CHARGE A
PRICE FOR IT. THEY SAYS IT'S NOT ENOUGH. WHILE FARMERS ARE
GOING BROKE, THEY SAY THEY NEED TO BOOST CEREAL PRICES. YOU
TALK ABOUT A DISCONNECTION, YOU TALK ABOUT EVIDENCE THAT THE
{13:49:35} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
MARKET SYSTEM DOESN'T WORK IN AGRICULTURE... THERE MUST SURELY
BE A GOLDEN RULE HERE, THE ONE THAT SAYS THAT THOSE THAT HAVE
THE GOLD MAKE THE RULES. THERE MUST BE A GONDLE RULE HERE THAT
SAYS THAT CEREAL MANUFACTURERS CAN INCREASE PRICES WITH
IMPUNITY WHILE FAMILY FARMERS GO BROKE BECAUSE THEY'RE TOLD
THAT THEIR FOOD HAS NO VALUE. I MENTIONED LAST WEEK AN AUCTION
SALE BY A FARM WIFE IN NORTH DAKOTA. SHE WROTE A LETTER AND
SAID, YOU KNOW, WE WERE FORCED TO SELL OUT AND SHE SAID, MY
{13:50:06} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
17-YEAR-OLD SON WOULDN'T EVEN COME DOWN. HE STAYED IN BED
DURING THE DAY OF THE AUCTION SALE, REFUSED TO COME DOWN TO
WITNESS THE AUCTION SALE OF THIS FARM BECAUSE HE WAS HEART
HEARTBROKEEN. IT WAS BREAKING HIS HEART THAT WE WERE HAVING TO
SELL OUR FARM. HE WANTED TO FAFIRM THIS IS ALL ABOUT HUMAN
MISERY, FAILURE, AND IT'S NOT THEIR FAULT. IT'S NOT FAMILY
FARMERS' FAULT THAT COMMODITY PRICES HAVE COLLAPSED. IT IS A
HUNGRY WOFERMENTD A LOT OF FOLKS GOING TO BED -- HUNDREDS OF
{13:50:38} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
MILLIONS OF PEOPLE GOING TO BED WITH AN ACHE IN HER BELLY EVERY
NIGHT BECAUSE THEY DON'T HAVE ENOUGH TO EAT. AND OUR FARMERS
ARE TOLD THEIR PRODUCT HAS NO VALUE AND WHEN SOMEONE TURNS
THEIR INTO A PRODUCT BY PUFFING IT UP, THEY GET RECORD PROFITS
AND STILL WANT TO INCREASE THEIR PRICES. I WANT TO JUST PUT UP
HERE A CHART THAT SHOWS THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURN ON EQUITY FOR
{13:51:14} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
THE MAJOR SEAR YL -- CEREAL MANUFACTURERS, 1993-1997. 29 III,
24%, 25%, 22% OUR FAMILY FARMERS ARE GOING BROKE RAISING THE
PROTEDS THAT GO INTO THIS CEREAL. AND THE LARGEST CORPORATIONS
THAT MAKE THIS CEREAL ARE MAKING SUBSTANTIAL RETURNS THAN THEIR
EQUITY. THERE IS SOMETHING WRONG WITH THAT SYSTEM. SOME SAY
THAT'S THE WAY IT WORKS. THE BIG GET BIGERED AND THE SMALL GET
PHASED OUT. IF THIS COUNTRY DECIDES IT'S WORTH LOSING FAMILY
FATHERS IT WILL HAVE LOST SOMETHING OF GREAT STROOL OUR
COUNTRY. SOME IN THIS CHAMBER THINK HAVING GIANT AGRIFACTORIES
{13:51:46} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
AROUND IN THE FUTURE, THAT'S FINE. THEY'LL FARM AMERICA FROM
COAST TO COAST. IT'S NOT FINE WITH ME. THIS COUNTRY WILL HAVE
TAKEN A JINTSDSST GIANT STEP BACKWARD UNLESS WE CHANGE
FUNDAMENTAL FARM LAW THIS YEAR AND SAY THAT WE WILL PROVIDE A
DECENT SAFETY NET FOR FAMILY FARMERS. WE DO IT FOR OTHERS. WE
HAVE A SAFETY NET. WE HAVE A MINIMUM WAGE, WE HAVE OTHER KINDS
OF DEVICES TO PROVIDE A SAFETY NET. FAMILY FARMERS, WE ARE WERE
TOLD UNDER THE CURRENT FARM BILL ABOUT TWOR THREE YEARS AGO
{13:52:16} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
WE'RE GOING TO PULL THE SAFETY NET OUT FROM UNDER YOU AND THEN
PRICES COLLAPSED. THE NET RESULT IS THAT FAMILY FARMERS HAVE NO
EFFECTIVE SAFETY NET. WHEN YOU LOOK AT WHAT'S GOING ON,
"CARGILL PROFITS FROM DECLINING FARMING PRICES," IT'S UNFAIR TO
FAMILY FARMERS. WE'RE ASKED FOR SUBSTANTIAL INVESTIGATIONS BY
THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT ABOUT CONCENTRATION OF ECONOMIC POWER
AND WHAT IT'S DOING TO FAMILY-SIZED FARNLS AND I HOPE THAT THE
{13:52:50} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
JUSTICE DEPARTMENT WILL MOVE AND MOVE AGGRESSIVELY ON THESE
ISSUE. BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, THIS CONGRESS NEEDS TO DECIDE IN
THE NEXT FEW WEEKS WHETHER IT WANTS FAMILY FARMERS LEFT IN THIS
COUNTRY. AND IF IT DOES, WE HAVE TO DO A U-TURN ON FARM POLICY
AND RECONNECT A DECENT SAFETY NET FOR FAMILY-SIZED FARMS. I
KNOW SOME PEOPLE SAY, WELL, ALL THIS IS WONDERFUL, BUT IT'S
BORING AND NOT VERY POFERMENTB IT'S CRITICALLY IMPORTANT TO
FAMILIES OUT THERE STRUGGLING TO MAKE A LIVING. WILL ROGERS
SAID MANY YEAR, HE SAID, IF ONE DAY, IF ON ONE DAY ALL THE
{13:53:22} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
LAWYERS ON WALL STREET FAILED TO SHOW UP FOR LUNCH, WOULDN'T
MEAN A THING TO THIS COUNTRY. BUT IF ONE DAY ALL THE COWS IN
OUR COUNTRY FAILED TO SHOW UP TO BE MILKED, THAT WOULD BE A
PROBLEM. WHAT HE WAS TRYING TO DESCRIBE WAS A DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN THOSE WHO MOVE PAPER AROUND AMERICA AND THOSE ON THE
FARM WHO PRODUCE REAL PRODUCTS WITH REAL VALUE THAT CONTRIBUTE
TO FEEDING OUR COUNTRY. AND THAT ADMONITION BY WILL ROGERS IS
JUST AS IMPORTANT TODAY. I HOPE THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT WILL
{13:53:55} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
TAKE A LOOK AT THE CAR CARGILL-CONTINENTAL MERGE WE ARE A
CRITICAL EYE TO SAY, WHY DO WE NEED CORPORATIONS ALREADY TOO
LARGE IN THIS SYSTEM TO GET BIGGER?
WHY DO WE NEED THEM TO IMPOSE THEIR ECONOMIC WILL ON SMALL
PRODUCERS?
WHY DO WE NEED TO GIVE THEM MORE ECONOMIC CLOUT TO DO THAT?
I HOPE THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT WILL LOOK AT MARKET CONCENTRATION
IN MEATPACKING AND IN A WHOLE RANGE OF OTHER AREAS BECAUSE
THOSE ARE THE KINDS OF THINGS THAT ARE UNDERMINING THE
FOUNDATION OF AMERICA'S FAMILY FARMS. A NUMBER OF US WILL SPEAK
{13:54:29} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
AT GREATER LENGTH ON THIS ISSUE IN THE COMING DAYS BECAUSE WE
MUST CONVINCE THIS CONGRESS THAT THEY HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY
RESPONSIBILITY, WE HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO DEVELOP A FARM
PROMISE THAT WORKS, QUAUN THAT TELLS FAMILY -- ONE THAT TELLS
FAMILY FARMERS, YOU MAKE A DIFERMENTBS WE WANT YOU TO MAKE A
DECENT LIVING IF YOU WORK ON THE FAMILY FARM. I'D LIKE TO
MENTION ONE ADDITIONAL ISSUE AND I EA LIKE IT TO APAR IN A
SEPARATE PORTION OF THE RECORD BY UNANIMOUS CONSENT. MR.
{13:55:01} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
PRESIDENT, LAST THURSDAY WAS TAX-FILING DAY AND WE HAD A NUMBER
OF MY CLEELINGS COME TO THE FLOOR OF THE SENATE AND TALK ABOUT
TAXES. AND I HAVE YET TO MEET ANYBODY THAT LIKES TAXES. I KNOW
TAXES PAY FOR THE COST OF CIVILIZATION. I KNOW THAT WE WOULDN'T
HAVE THE KIND OF COUNTRY WE HAVE IN THIS COUNTRY WITHOUT TAXES.
I KNOW THAT THE ABILITY TO DRIVE ON GOOD ROADS TO HAVE A POLICE
FORCE, TO HAVE A FIRE DEPARTMENT, TO HAVE A DEFENSE DEPARTMENT,
TO HAVE SAFE FOOD THROUGH FOOD INSPECTORS, TO BE ABLE TO
CONTROL OUR BORDERS, ALL OF THOSE THINGS REQUIRE THE PAYMENT OF
{13:55:36} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
TAXES. BUT OUR TAX SYSTEM HAS BECOME ENORMOUSLY COMPLICATED,
AND IT OUGHT TO CHANGE. AND I INTRODUCED ABOUT A YEAR AND A
HALF AGO A PROPOSAL CALLED THE FAIR AND SIMPLE SHORTCUT TAX
PLAN. IT IS CALLED THE "FAST" PLAN. YOU WANT TO FILE YOUR TAX
RETURN WITH MINIMUM BOTHER, YOU WANT TO AVOID HAVING TO FILE AN
INCOME TAX RETURN AT ALL?
WELL, THIS IS A PLAN THAT WILL WORK FOR YOU. WASN'T TOO MANY
YEARS AGO THAT THE AMERICAN PEOPLE BY AND LARGE DIDN'T HAVE TO
{13:56:11} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
FILE AN INCOME TAX RETURN BECAUSE ONLY A SMALL PERCENTAGE OF
THE AMERICAN PEOPLE PAID INCOME TAXES. ABOUT 6% OF THE AMERICAN
PEOPLE HAD A REQUIREMENT TO FILE A TAX RETURN. THE REST OF THE
PEOPLE DIDN'T. FOR THOSE WHO HAD TO FILE, THEY HAD A VERY THIN
INSTRUCTION BOOKLET, JUST A COUPLE OF PAGES. NOW WE HAVE AN
INSTRUCTION BOOKLET WITH OUR INCOME TAX RETURN THAT LOOKS VERY
MUCH LIKE A JC PEN KNEE'S CATALOGUE. WE'VE MOVED IN THE WRONG
DIRECTION WITH A HIGHLY COMPLICATED INCOME TAX SYSTEM AND IT
{13:56:43} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
NEED NOT BE THAT WAY. WE'VE HAD PEOPLE COME TO THE FLOOR
SAYING, LET'S ABOLISH THE WHOLE INCOME TAX. I'D LIKE KNOW WHAT
YOU WANT TO PUT IN ITS PLACE BUFF ABOLISH T BUT THEY SAY WE'D
LIKE TO ABOLISH T THE OTHERS SAY, WELL, LET'S HAVE A FLAT TAX
SO THAT THE PEOPLE MAKING $30,000 A YEAR CAN PAY THE SAME TAX
RATE AS ROSS PEROT OR DONALD TRUMP PAY. YPO HAPPEN TO SHARE
THAT BELIEF. OTHERS SAY, WELL, LET'S HAVE A NATIONAL SALES TAX.
LET'S GET RID OF THE INCOME TAX AND PUT A SALES TAX ON
EVERYTHING. I DON'T KNOW HOW YOU HAD -- HOUF YOU'D LIKE TO BUY
{13:57:15} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
5 HOME AND THEN DISCOVER THAT YOU HAVE TO PAY A 4% OR 5% SALES
TAX ON THE VALUE OF THE HOME OR IF THAT'S THE FIRST EXEMPTION,
WHAT ELSE WOULD YOU EXEMPT IN ORDER TO GET THE REQUIRED MONEY
TO MAKE UP THE DIFFERENCE MY POINT IS IT SOUND Z# GREAT TO SAY,
LET'S ABOLISH THE INCOME TAX. BUT I WANT KNOW WHAT YOU WANT TO
DO IN PLACE OF IT. SOME HAVE OFFERED PLANS HERE IN THE U.S.
SENATE AND U.S. HOUSE THAT SAID, WELL, LET'S HAVE A TAX SYSTEM
THAT TAXES WORK. YOU GO OUT AND WORK FOR A LIVING. WE WANT YOU
TO PAY A TAFMKST BUT IF, ON THE OTHER HAND, YOU GET YOUR INCOME
FROM CAPITAL GAINS OR INTEREST, YOU DON'T PAY A TAFMKST LET'S
{13:57:49} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
TAX ONLY ACTIVITYS FROM WORK AND LET'S COMBEMT INVESTMENT.
WELL, THAT'S -- I GUESS THAT SOUNDS PRETTY GOOD IF ALL YOUR
INCOME COMES FROM INVEFMTS. BUT GUESS WHO'D PAY TAXES AND HOED
EA BE EXEMPT UNDER THAT SCHEME?
WEALTHIEST PEOPLE WOULD BE EXEMPT AND THE WORKING PEOPLE WOULD
BE PAYING TAXES. THAT'S A TAX ON WORK. MY POINT IS LET'S TAKE A
LOOK AT SEEING IF WE CAN'T CHANGE THE CURRENT SYSTEM IN A WAY
THAT BENEFITS AT LEAST A FAIR NUMBER OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.
HERE'S WHAT I PROPOSE WE DO. NEARLY 30 COUNTRIES HAVE SOME KIND
OF AN INCOME TAX SYSTEM IN WHICH MOST OF THE TAXPAYERS OR MANY
{13:58:26} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
OF THE TAXPAYERS DO NOT HAVE A REQUIREMENT TO FILE AN INCOME
TAX RETURN. HERE'S HOW THEY DO IT AND HERE'S HOW I PROPOSE WE
DO IT. EVERYONE WHO SIGNS IN AT WORK FOR A JOB FILLS OUT A W-4
FARM. IT SAY, MY NAME IS SO-AND-SO. MY SOCIAL SECURITY IS X, Y,
AND Z AND I HAVE THREE CHILDREN AND AM MARRIED, FILING JOINTLY
OR WHATEVER THE INFORMATION WOULD CONCLUDE AND, THRFERT, YOUR
EMPLOYER CALCULATES HOW MUCH INCOME TAX SHALL BE WITHHELD FROM
YOUR WEEKLY OR MONTHLY WAGE. I PROPOSE AN APPROACH WHERE WE
{13:59:01} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
WOULD PUT A COUPLE OF EXTRA LINES ON THE W-4 FORM AND FOR A LOT
OF MERNTION PERHAPS 60 MILLION TO 70 MILLION AMERICANS WITH A
FEW EXTRA CHECKMARKS ON THE W-4 FARM, THEIR BHOLINGDE AT WORK
WILL BECOME THEIR ACTUAL TAX LIABILITY AND THEY HAVE NO
REQUIREMENT TO FILE A TAX RETURN. NO RETURN TO BE FILED AT ALL.
THEREFORE, NO TRIPS TO THE POST OFFICE ON APRIL 15, NO WORRY
ABOUT AUDITS BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE NUMBERS YOU'RE CALCULATING;
IT IS SIMPLY, WHAT IS YOUR GROSS INCOME AND BASED ON WHAT YOU
CHECKED ON YOUR W-4 FORM, WHAT COMPINDZE OF WITHHOLD SOMETHING
NECESSARY?
{13:59:37} (MR. DORGAN) { NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT }
LET ME GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF HOW WE WOULD DO THAT. EARNING UP TO
$100,000 IN WAGES -- THAT'S $50,000 FOR SINGLES -- AND ALSO
FAMILIES UP WITH TO $100,000 IN WAGES PANDZ UP TO $2ERBGS 500
IN OTHER INCOME OR $5,000 FOR A MARRIED COUPLE -- THAT IS,
CAPITAL GAINS OR INTEREST, UP TO $5,000 WOULD BE TAX-FREE, NO
TAX AT ALL ON THAT OTHER
{END: 1999/04/19 TIME: 14-00 , Mon. 106TH SENATE, FIRST SESSION}
{ NOT AN OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT OF THE SENATE PROCEEDINGS.}