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Contents Foreword vii Preface ix List of contributors xi Part 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 3 Michael Hutson 1.2 Evidence-based medicine 13 Jacob Patijn Part 2 Morphology; dysfunction; pain 2.1 Structural abnormalities 19 Richard Ellis 2.2 Dysfunction 27 2.2.1 Somatic dysfunction 27 Michael L. Kuchera 2.2.2 Muscles in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal disorders 47 Vladimír Janda 2.2.3 Fibromyalgia: mechanisms and treatment 53 Hugh Smythe 2.2.4 Neurodynamics 61 David Butler 2.2.5 Tensegrity: the new biomechanics 69 Stephen Levin 2.2.6 The fascioligamentous organ 81 Thomas Dorman 2.3 Pain 89 2.3.1 Pain concepts: chronic pain 89 Bruce L. Kidd 2.3.2 Psychological aspects of musculoskeletal pain 97 C. J. Main and P. J. Watson 2.3.3 Placebo theory 109 Milton L. Cohen Part 3 Regional disorders 3.1 Examination and investigation 117 3.1.1 Clinical examination 117 Richard M. Ellis and C. Cooper 3.1.2 Investigative techniques 163 Richard M. Ellis and C. Cooper 3.2 Endoscopically determined pain sources in the lumbar spine 165 Martin T. N. Knight 3.3 Regional somatic dysfunction 171 Michael L. Kuchera 3.4 Pectoral girdle 219 3.4.1 Thoracic outlet syndrome 219 John Tanner 3.4.2 Chest wall pain 227 John Tanner 3.4.3 The joints of the shoulder girdle 231 John Tanner 3.4.4 Glenohumeral instability 239 Roger Hackney 3.5 Upper limb disorders 251 Michael Hutson 3.6 The pelvis 265 Malcolm Read 3.7 Lower limb disorders 285 3.7.1 Disorders of the knee 285 Derek Bickerstaff 3.7.2 Patellofemoral disorders; chondromalacia dysfunction, maltracking and plica syndrome 299 Nicholas Peirce 3.7.3 Superior tibiofibular joint 311 Mark Batt 3.7.4 Exertional lower leg pain 313 Mark Batt 3.8 Foot and ankle 319 3.8.1 Biomechanics of the foot and ankle 319 Bryan English 3.8.2 The ankle joint 333 Richard Higgins 3.8.3 The subtalar joint 341 Bryan English 3.8.4 Plantar fasciitis and heel pain 343 Bryan English 3.8.5 Tendonopathies 347 Bryan English 3.8.6 Metatarsalgia 355 Bryan English Part 4 Management strategies 4.1 Triage 361 Richard M. Ellis 4.2 Patient education and self care 363 Jennifer Klaber Moffett 4.3 Management 375 4.3.1 Manual treatment of somatic dysfunction 375 Michael L. Kuchera 4.3.2 Injection of steroid and local anaesthetic 401 Richard M. Ellis 4.3.3 Soft tissue injections 403 John Tanner 4.3.4 Epidural injections 407 Keith Bush 4.3.5 Spinal injections 415 John Tanner 4.3.6 Prolotherapy 421 Thomas Dorman 4.3.7 The use of neurodynamics in pain management 429 David Butler 4.3.8 Trigger point injections 439 John Tanner 4.3.9 Soft tissue pain ¡ treatment with stimulation-produced analgesia 441 C. Chan Gunn 4.3.10 Complementary therapies 449 Adam Ward 4.3.11 Exercise therapy: limbs 465 Elva Pearson 4.3.12 Exercise therapy: spine 471 Sarah Mottram and Mark Comerford 4.3.13 Chronic pain management; cognitive¡behavioural, pharmacological 487 Charles Pither 4.4 A pragmatic management strategy for low-back pain ¡ an integrated multimodal programme 501 Stefan Blomberg Index 539
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Musculoskeletal system -- Diseases.
Manipulation (Therapeutics).
Orthopedics.
Osteopathic medicine.
Musculoskeletal Diseases -- physiopathology.
Musculoskeletal Diseases -- therapy.
Pain.