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Program or Study Name: |
NAHMS Equine 1998 - Salmonella |
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General Information: |
| Species: |
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Equine |
| Disease: |
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Salmonella spp. |
| Contact Agency: |
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USDA, APHIS, VS, CEAH, National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) |
| Overview: |
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The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) conducted NAHMS Equine 1998, a national study designed to provide participants and the equine industry with information on the nation’s equine population for education and research purposes. USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with USDA, APHIS Veterinary Services to conduct on-site surveys of 2,904 operations from 28 states, representing 78.2% of U.S. horses and ponies and 78% of farms with horses and ponies. Data were collected on health and health management, herd demographics, breeding/foaling, nutrition, disease and parasite control, biosecurity, transportation, morbidity and mortality, and operation practices. Specifically, this study focused on the prevalence of Salmonella among horse operations. Other diseases and conditions evaluated included colic, infectious upper respiratory disease (equine influenza, Streptococcus equi), endophytes, Fumonsin B. Mycotoxin, internal parasites (stronglyes, ascarids), lameness and laminitis, equine infectious anemia (EIA), equine viral arteritis (EVA), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. |
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Disease Information: |
| Disease Information: |
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Salmonellosis is caused by a variety of Salmonella serotypes found worldwide. Horses shedding the bacteria in feces may or may not show signs of illness. Clinical signs are typically characterized by one of three syndromes: septicemia, acute enteritis, and chronic enteritis. Septicemia is the usual syndrome in newborn foals and is marked by fever, possible neurologic signs, pneumonia, and death. Acute enteritis is seen in both adults and foals. The clinical signs for acute enteritis include severe watery diarrhea, dysentery, and tenesmus. Chronic enteritis is seen in herds where the disease is endemic. Low-grade fever, anorexia, weight loss or reduced gain, diarrhea, and abortion are associated with the chronic form of the disease. All ages of equids are susceptible to salmonellosis, especially those that are stressed, closely stocked, or exposed to a heavily contaminated feed or water supply. In older animals, the disease manifests as dysentery and toxemia; mortality can be significant. Treatment includes supportive care and antibiotics. Disease control methods include management practices and vaccination. Salmonella is a zoonotic agent, which is of particular interest as a food-borne pathogen. |
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Details about the Surveillance Program or Study: |
| Population: |
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The Salmonella component of the NAHMS Equine 1998 study included samples from 972 farms, representing 78.2% of horses and ponies and 78% of farms with horses and ponies in the U.S. |
| Coverage: |
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The NAHMS Equine 1998 study was a national study; the Salmonella component included samples from 25 states. |
Data collection
location(s): |
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Samples for the NAHMS Equine 1998 study were collected on farm. |
| Samples Collected: |
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Fecal samples were collected for the Salmonella component of the NAHMS Equine 1998 study. |
| Data Collected: |
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Animal, herd, and premises level data were collected for NAHMS Equine 1998. |
| Frequency: |
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The NAHMS Equine 1998 study was a one-time survey and sample collection as part of an ongoing series of surveys. |
| Reporting / Information Distribution Process: |
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Notification of completion of NAHMS studies is sent out to a voluntary mailing list of involved industry, research, government parties, and others interested in the equine industry. Hard copies of reports are sent to those that have requested them. Information is also available on the internet. |
| Scope: |
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The Salmonella component of the NAHMS Equine 1998 study included 8,417 samples from 972 farms. |
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Where to find additional information: |
| Resources: |
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Additional information is available on the NAHMS Equine Web site:
http://nahms.aphis.usda.gov/equine
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Note: These links will transfer you to Web sites outside of the National Animal Health Surveillance System (NAHSS).
The NAHSS makes no guarantees or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information on the
accessed Web sites.
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| This information was last updated on: |
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Sep 1, 2008 |
Show more records for species =
Equine
Show more records for disease =
Salmonella spp.
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