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1. Secondary School Students' Construction and Use of Mathematical Models in Solving Word Problems (EJ803497)
Author(s):
Llinares, Salvador; Roig, Ana Isabel
Source:
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, v6 n3 p505-532 Sep 2008
Pub Date:
2008-09-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Mathematics Education; Mathematical Models; Compulsory Education; Word Problems (Mathematics); Mathematics Instruction; Secondary School Students; Secondary School Mathematics; Problem Solving; Grounded Theory; Abstract Reasoning; Learning Processes
Abstract: This study focussed on how secondary school students construct and use mathematical models as conceptual tools when solving word problems. The participants were 511 secondary-school students who were in the final year of compulsory education (15-16 years old). Four levels of the development of constructing and using mathematical models were identified using a constant-comparative methodology to analyse the student's problem-solving processes. Identifying the general in the particular and using the particular to endow the general with meaning were the key elements employed by students in the processes of construction and use of models in the different situations. In addition, attention was paid to the difficulties that students had in using their mathematical knowledge to solve these situations. Finally, implications are provided for drawing upon student's use of mathematical models as conceptual tools to support the development of mathematical competence from socio-cultural perspectives of learning. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. Social Intelligence and Aggression among Senior Secondary School Students: A Comparative Sketch (ED500484)
Babu M, Sameer
Online Submission
2007-12-31
Reports - Research
N/A
Descriptors: Foreign Countries; Secondary School Students; Aggression; Interpersonal Competence; Comparative Analysis; Gender Differences
Abstract: Background of the problem: Recently most of our senior secondary classes are notorious for theft, bullying, ragging, rapes, and even for murder. This is because of ill treatment of our students in their classroom, mal administration of educational institutions, and etc. Diminishing social norms is also an important matter here. India is also witnessing the incidents of juvenile delinquency. Reports show that the problem of student aggression is increasing day by day. The study concerning the social pattern, social acceptance, social intelligence, aggressive nature among students, etc. are highly relevant in India, especially in Kerala. Aims: The aims of the study are (1) To measure the extent of social intelligence among senior secondary school students; (2) To measure the extent of aggression among senior secondary school students; (3) To find out the relationship between social intelligence and aggression; (4) To compare the students in their social intelligence; (5) To compare the students in their aggression. Sample: Population is the senior secondary school students of Malappuram district of Kerala state of India. Sample of the study is 84 senior secondary school students of Malappuram district. Methods: To collect information from the sample an integrated approach is good. Here normative survey method was used. Results: Social Intelligence among senior secondary school students is of average. They have a greater amount of aggression. Relationship between social intelligence and aggression scores of senior secondary school students is found negative and negligible for the whole sample. But it is not proven significant. Gender based comparison of social intelligence is proved significant. Social intelligence based comparison of aggression is proven significant. Conclusion: Specified strategies should be developed to deal with aggressive behavior. A good approach and a well arranged social intelligence oriented package must be developed and implemented in our schools. (Contains 8 tables.) [This paper represents a project done as part of PGDHE (Post Graduate Diploma in Higher Education) of IGNOU (Indira Gandhi National Open University).] Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (145K)
3. Reading and Writing to Learn in Secondary Education: Online Processing Activity and Written Products in Summarizing and Synthesizing Tasks (EJ808368)
Mateos, Mar; Martin, Elena; Villalon, Ruth; Luna, Maria
Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, v21 n7 p675-697 Oct 2008
2008-10-00
Descriptors: Metacognition; Cognitive Processes; Secondary School Students; Reading; Writing (Composition); Protocol Analysis; Case Studies; Learning; Reading Comprehension; Writing Processes; Synthesis
Abstract: The research reported here employed a multiple-case study methodology to assess the online cognitive and metacognitive activities of 15-year-old secondary students as they read informational texts and wrote a new text in order to learn, and the relation of these activities to the written products they were asked to generate. To investigate the influence of the task, students were required to perform two different tasks which differed in complexity and familiarity. The first task was reading a single text and making a written summary of it, while the second consisted in reading two texts and making a written synthesis of them. To gather information about how students construct meaning from informational texts, we asked students to think aloud as they read and wrote in order to provide us with information about their comprehension and composition processes. We also examined their reading and writing activities during the tasks. The results show that to a large extent secondary school students lack the cognitive and metacognitive processes that would enable them to make strategic use of reading and writing. They also show that, although there are no major differences in the way secondary school students tackle these different tasks, those who create the most elaborate products evidence a more recursive and flexible use of reading and writing. The most obvious conclusion as far as the repercussions of these findings are concerned is that there is an urgent need for work on tasks of this kind in the classroom. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. Secondary School Students' Perceptions of, and the Factors Influencing Their Decision-Making in Relation to, VET in Schools (EJ810264)
Dalley-Trim, Leanne; Alloway, Nola; Walker, Karen
Australian Educational Researcher, v35 n2 p55-69 Aug 2008
2008-08-00
Descriptors: Curriculum Design; Student Attitudes; Foreign Countries; Vocational Education; Secondary School Students; Nonprofit Organizations; Decision Making
Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of Vocational Education and Training in Schools--an issue that has recently attracted significant political attention particularly in light of current national skills shortage in Australia. Specifically, it investigates secondary school students' perceptions of VET in Schools [VETiS]. It also explores the factors influencing their decision-making in relation to VETiS--that is, why one might choose, or choose not, to enrol in a VETiS course of study. In view of the findings presented, the paper argues that VET, and more particularly VETiS, is experiencing an "image problem"--one underscored by the need for curriculum design and delivery reform--and suggests that there is much work still to be done on the VET agenda. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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5. Provision of Educational Technology at Secondary School Level in North West Frontier Province Pakistan (ED503018)
Akhtar, Sajjad Hayat
2008-10-20
Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Foreign Countries; Secondary Schools; Educational Technology; Technology Uses in Education; Audiovisual Aids; Administrator Attitudes; Student Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Principals; Secondary School Students; Secondary School Teachers
Abstract: Purpose: The study looked into a descriptive research to evaluate the use of educational technology at secondary school level North West Frontier Province (Pakistan). The study has defined the availability, usefulness, problems, emerging trends and status of educational technology. The main focus of the study was the utilization and availability of educational technology. Data was collected through survey and questionnaires. Main objectives of the study were to determine the availability, usefulness, problems, emerging trends and status of educational technology. On the basis of previous research studies and insight of general literature, the following hypotheses were drawn to be tested by the present study. There is no significant difference in the status of the provision of educational technology at Secondary Schools in NWFP in rural as well as urban areas. There is no significant difference in the problems/issue of the educational technology at Secondary Schools in NWFP in rural as well as urban areas. There is no significant difference in the scope and opportunities of education technology at secondary schools in NWFP in rural as well as urban areas. Methodology: Data was collected through survey and questionnaires. Three different self assessment questionnaires on sampled principals, teachers and students at secondary level in six selected District of North West Frontier Province (Pakistan). For demographic profile percentage was used and chi square applied to measure the availability, usefulness, emerging trends, utilization and status of educational technology. Total GHS, GGHS, SSTs, Heads of the GHS, GGHS and secondary school students were taken as a population of the study. Total GHS, GGHS, SSTs, Heads of the GHS, GGHS and secondary school students were taken as a population of the study. Population No: 1 in April 2007 total no. of GHS, GGHS in six selected district of North West Frontier Province i.e. Mardan, Nowshera, Peshawar, Abbott Abad, Kohistan and Shangla were taken 87, 63, 87, 82, 14 and 27 respectively. In the period of study total no. of SSTs in Mardan, Nowshera, Peshawar, Abbott Abad, Kohistan and Shangla district were 511, 365, 640, 488, 84, 202 respectively. 360 Heads of the secondary schools were taken as population III of the study. Population No IV: 39595 students of the secondary level from 360 selected schools were taken as population IV: Heads of the schools, SST Teachers, students of secondary schools and GHS/GGHS schools total population 1,2,3 and 4 were taken as a sample 1,2,3,4 i.e. 25%, 25%,25% and 5% respectively. Result: The following results were made by the researcher in the light of the analysis of data. Majority of the teachers were not using educational technology; in addition computer mediated communication for counselling was not used. Further, computer is not used in science practical, over head projectors are not used, and educational trips and exhibition are not arranged. Inadequacy of trained educational technology teachers was also found. Lack of computers, non-availability of internet facility, lack of well integrated media with content as well as lack of provision of guidance and counselling was also noticed. Conclusion: It was found that majority of the teachers are not using audio cassettes in teaching learning process. It was discovered that radio and television are not accessible. The study identified that majority of schools are deprived of computer technology. Recommendations: Education technology i.e. radio, television, internet, computers, audio/video recorder, overhead projector, online lectures should be provided. The continuous system of curriculum revision at secondary level in accordance with the national needs, market requirements and capabilities of students should be introduced. (Contains 5 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (70K)
6. Using Computers to Solve Mathematics by Junior Secondary School Students in Edo State Nigeria (EJ816988)
Olusi, F. I.
College Student Journal, v42 n3 p748-755 Sep 2008
Descriptors: Control Groups; Experimental Groups; Student Attitudes; Mathematics Achievement; Academic Achievement; Computer Assisted Instruction; Reliability; Computer Science; Foreign Countries; Conventional Instruction; Secondary School Mathematics; Instructional Effectiveness; Hypothesis Testing; Pretests Posttests; Secondary School Students; Gender Differences
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of computer aided instruction and traditional method of instruction on the junior secondary school students achievement in mathematics. Four research questions and hypotheses were stated and tested in the study. The design of the study was the pre-test post-test control group experimental design. The sample for the study consists of 270 randomly selected students from three junior secondary schools in Edo state. The instruments constructed by the researcher were content validated by three experts in maths education, computer science and evaluation. The reliability coefficient of the instruments were 0.75, 0.79 for Test of Understanding of Mathematics using Computer (TUMUC) Test of Understanding of Mathematics using the Traditional Instruction (TUMTI) respectively. The instruments were administered on the students after treatment and data collected were analysed using students t-test, and Multiple Analyses of means using Duncan's test. The findings of the study were that CAI significantly influenced students' achievements in mathematics than the programmed instruction than the traditional instructional method. The findings also revealed that male students profit better than the female students. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. Understanding the Global Warming Discussion: Climate Change as a Context for Developing Standards-Based Research Skills in Secondary School Students (ED503680)
Seymour, Rich
2008-12-00
Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Research Skills; Climate; Secondary School Students; Educational Resources; Secondary School Curriculum; Environmental Education; Research
Abstract: Climate change is an area of science that has been studied for many years. The fossil record has taught humankind much about conditions on Earth long prior to our arrival. We now live in a unique time in that our scientific abilities have not only given us a precise age of the planet, but of the universe itself. Yet there are many things we do not understand, and some of the questions that remain before us may have a significant impact on the quality of our lives in the future. As our current civilization observes an unquestioned period of warming on Earth, the issue of the nature of this change remains a topic of discussion for both scientists and the public at large. It is important, therefore, for those of us in the educational community to help our students get the best information with which to guide their own thoughts and decisions in a changing world. This paper analyzes educational resources for climate change and applies concepts from these resources to research-focused curriculum for secondary school students. [Master's Thesis, Dominican University.] Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (58K)
8. Dimensionality of the Chinese Perceived Causes of Poverty Scale: Findings Based on Confirmatory Factor Analyses (EJ815298)
Shek, Daniel T. L.; Ma, Cecilia Man-Sze
Social Indicators Research, v90 n2 p155-164 Jan 2009
2009-01-00
Descriptors: Poverty; Beliefs; Factor Structure; Rating Scales; Secondary School Students; Test Reliability; Social Indicators; Test Validity; Asians; Student Attitudes; Factor Analysis
Abstract: The Chinese Perceived Causes of Poverty Scale (CPCPS) was constructed to assess Chinese people's beliefs about poverty. Four categories of explanations of poverty are covered in this scale: personal problems of poor people, lack of opportunities to escape from poverty, exploitation of poor people, and bad fate. Based on the responses of 1,519 Chinese secondary school students to the CPCPS, confirmatory factor analyses provided support for these four dimensions of the scale. By splitting the total sample into two sub-samples, further analyses showed that the CPCPS was invariant with reference to factor structure (configural invariance), factor loadings (construct-level metric covariance) and factor variances/covariances across different samples. The present findings are generally consistent with the previous findings based on exploratory factor analyses and they provide support for the use of the CPCPS for assessing beliefs about causes of poverty in Chinese people. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. Exploration of Secondary Students' Creativity by Integrating Web-Based Technology into an Innovative Science Curriculum (EJ819457)
Jang, Syh-Jong
Computers & Education, v52 n1 p247-255 Jan 2009
Descriptors: Creativity; Student Attitudes; Online Courses; Science Teachers; Grade 7; Internet; Word Processing; Secondary School Students; Science Curriculum; Educational Environment; Interviews; Video Technology
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate how web-based technology could be utilized and integrated with real-life scientific materials to stimulate the creativity of secondary school students. One certified science teacher and 31 seventh graders participated in this study. Several real-life experience science sessions integrated with online teaching were used for one semester. The study used an interpretive methodology, which was qualitative analysis rather than quantitative analysis. The main data included students' online data, interviews, videotape recordings and the teacher's journals. The results also showed that this study provided information to enhance students' expression of sensitivity, fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration of scientific creativities. Students' creativity was motivated by the online interactivities and the teacher's inquiry. The difficulties and limitations of the teaching and learning environment included strong attraction toward the Internet, poor ability of students in word processing and discussion online, students' utilitarianism due to the pressure of entrance examination, and large amount of time spent on explorative activities. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
10. The Development of an Instrument for a Technology-Integrated Science Learning Environment (EJ822597)
Wu, Weishen; Chang, Huey-Por; Guo, Chorng-Jee
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, v7 n1 p207-233 Feb 2009
2009-02-00
Descriptors: Student Attitudes; Grade 9; Classroom Environment; Secondary School Students; Science Instruction; Test Construction; Test Validity; Technology Integration; Teaching Methods; Secondary School Science; Secondary School Teachers; Grade 7; Grade 8; Inquiry; Equal Education; Interpersonal Relationship; Competition; Self Efficacy; Questionnaires; Teacher Attitudes
Abstract: This study developed, validated, and utilized the Technology Integrated Classroom Inventory (TICI) to examine technology-integrated science learning environments as perceived by secondary school students and teachers. Using technology-oriented classroom climate instruments and considering the science classroom's characteristics, TICI was developed. More than 1,100 seventh through ninth grade science students validated the instrument, revealing eight scales: technological enrichment, inquiry learning, equity and friendliness, student cohesiveness, understanding and encouragement, competition and efficacy, audiovisual environment, and order, with alpha reliabilities ranging between 0.69 and 0.91 (0.93 for the entire questionnaire). In measuring actual and preferred learning environments, TICI results indicated that both students and teachers ranked equity and friendliness highest. The largest actual-preferred discrepancy was order (students) and inquiry learning (teachers). TICI offers additional utilities for technology-enriched science leaning environments. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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