Section 11. Surveillance Approaches- Terminal
5-11-1. ALTITUDE INFORMATION
Provide recommended altitudes on final approach if
the pilot requests. If recommended altitudes are
requested, inform the pilot that recommended
altitudes which are at or above the published MDA
will be given for each mile on final.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7210.3, Para 10-5-7, Recommended Altitudes for
Surveillance Approaches.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-11-5, Final Approach Guidance.
PHRASEOLOGY-
RECOMMENDED ALTITUDES WILL BE PROVIDED
FOR EACH MILE ON FINAL TO MINIMUM DESCENT
ALTITUDE/CIRCLING MINIMUM DESCENT
ALTITUDE.
5-11-2. VISUAL REFERENCE REPORT
Aircraft may be requested to report the runway,
approach/runway lights, or airport in sight. Helicopters making a "point-in-space" approach may be
requested to report when able to proceed to the
landing area by visual reference to a prescribed
surface route.
PHRASEOLOGY-
REPORT (runway, approach/runway lights or airport) IN
SIGHT.
REPORT WHEN ABLE TO PROCEED VISUALLY TO
AIRPORT/HELIPORT.
5-11-3. DESCENT NOTIFICATION
a. Issue advance notice of where descent will
begin and issue the straight-in MDA prior to issuing
final descent for the approaches.
NOTE-
The point at which descent to the minimum descent altitude
is authorized is the final approach fix unless an altitude
limiting stepdown-fix is prescribed.
b. When it is determined that the surveillance
approach will terminate in a circle to land maneuver,
request the aircraft approach category from the pilot.
After receiving the aircraft approach category,
provide him/her with the applicable circling MDA
prior to issuing final descent for the approach.
NOTE-
Pilots are normally expected to furnish the aircraft
approach category to the controller when it is determined
that the surveillance approach will terminate in a circle to
land maneuver. If this information is not voluntarily given,
solicit the aircraft approach category from the pilot, and
then issue him/her the applicable circling MDA.
PHRASEOLOGY-
PREPARE TO DESCEND IN (number) MILE(S).
for straight-in approaches,
MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE (altitude).
for circling approaches,
REQUEST YOUR AIRCRAFT APPROACH CATEGORY.
(Upon receipt of aircraft approach category),
PUBLISHED CIRCLING MINIMUM DESCENT
ALTITUDE (altitude).
5-11-4. DESCENT INSTRUCTIONS
When an aircraft reaches the descent point, issue one
of the following as appropriate:
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-12-10, Elevation Failure.
a. Unless a descent restriction exists, advise the
aircraft to descend to the MDA.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Number) MILES FROM RUNWAY/AIRPORT/HELIPORT. DESCEND TO YOUR MINIMUM DESCENT
ALTITUDE.
b. When a descent restriction exists, specify the
prescribed restriction altitude. When the aircraft has
passed the altitude limiting point, advise to continue
descent to MDA.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Number) MILES FROM RUNWAY/AIRPORT/HELIPORT. DESCEND AND MAINTAIN (restriction
altitude).
DESCEND TO YOUR MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE.
5-11-5. FINAL APPROACH GUIDANCE
a. Issue course guidance, inform the aircraft when
it is on course, and frequently inform the aircraft of
any deviation from course. Transmissions with
aircraft on surveillance final approach should occur
approximately every 15 seconds.
PHRASEOLOGY-
HEADING (heading),
ON COURSE,
or
SLIGHTLY/WELL LEFT/RIGHT OF COURSE.
NOTE-
Controllers should not key the radio transmitter
continuously during radar approaches to preclude a
lengthy communications block. The decision on how often
transmitters are unkeyed is the controller's prerogative.
b. Issue trend information, as required, to indicate
target position with respect to the extended runway
centerline and to describe the target movement as
appropriate corrections are issued. Trend information
may be modified by the terms "RAPIDLY" and
"SLOWLY" as appropriate.
EXAMPLE-
"Going left/right of course."
"Left/right of course and holding/correcting."
c. Inform the aircraft of its distance from the
runway, airport/heliport, or MAP, as appropriate,
each mile on final.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Number) MILE(S) FROM RUNWAY/AIRPORT/HELIPORT OR MISSED APPROACH POINT.
d. Recommended altitudes shall be furnished, if
requested, in accordance with para 5-11-1, Altitude
Information.
PHRASEOLOGY-
If requested,
ALTITUDE SHOULD BE (altitude).
5-11-6. APPROACH GUIDANCE
TERMINATION
a. Discontinue surveillance approach guidance
when:
1. Requested by the pilot.
2. In your opinion, continuation of a safe
approach to the MAP is questionable.
3. The aircraft is over the MAP.
b. Surveillance approach guidance may be
discontinued when the pilot reports the runway or
approach/runway lights in sight or if a "point-in-space" approach, he/she reports able to proceed to
the landing area by visual reference to a prescribed
surface route.
c. When approach guidance is discontinued in
accordance with subpara a and the aircraft has
reported the runway or approach/runway lights in
sight, advise the aircraft of its position and to proceed
visually.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Distance) MILE(S) FROM RUNWAY/AIRPORT/HELIPORT,
or
OVER MISSED APPROACH POINT.
PROCEED VISUALLY (additional instructions/clearance
as required.)
d. When approach guidance is discontinued in
accordance with subpara a above and the aircraft has
not reported the runway or approach/runway lights in
sight, advise the aircraft of its position and to execute
a missed approach unless the runway or approach/runway lights are in sight or, if a "point-in-space"
approach, unless able to proceed visually.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Distance) MILE(S) FROM RUNWAY,
or
OVER MISSED APPROACH POINT.
IF RUNWAY,
or
APPROACH/RUNWAY LIGHTS NOT IN SIGHT,
EXECUTE MISSED APPROACH/(missed approach
instructions). (Additional instructions/clearance, as
required.)
(Distance and direction) FROM AIRPORT/HELIPORT/MISSED APPROACH POINT.
IF UNABLE TO PROCEED VISUALLY, EXECUTE
MISSED APPROACH. (Additional instructions/clearance, if required.)
NOTE-
Terminal instrument approach procedures and flight
inspection criteria require establishment of a MAP for each
procedure including the point to which satisfactory radar
guidance can be provided.
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