Bibliographic Citation
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| Title | Formation of reduced carbonaceous matter in basalts and xenoliths: Reaction of C-O-H gases on olivine crack surfaces |
| Creator/Author | Tingle, T.N. (SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (United States)) ; Hochella, M.F. Jr. (Stanford Univ., CA (United States)) |
| Publication Date | 1993 Jul 01 |
| OSTI Identifier | OSTI ID: 5782719 |
| Report Number(s) | CONF-911017-- |
| Other Number(s) | ISSN0016-7037; CODEN: GCACAK; 5087-260-1626 |
| Resource Type | Conference |
| Specific Type | Journal Article |
| Resource Relation | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ; Vol/Issue: 57:14; Annual meeting and exhibition of the Geological Society of America (GSA); 21-23 Oct 1991; San Diego, CA (United States) |
| Subject | 400800 -- Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry ;400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties; CARBON COMPOUNDS-- SYNTHESIS;VOLCANIC GASES-- CHEMICAL REACTIONS; BASALT;DECOMPOSITION;HYDROCARBONS;OLIVINE;ORGANIC MATTER;OXALIC ACID;TEMPERATURE RANGE 0400-1000 K |
| Related Subject | CARBOXYLIC ACIDS;CHEMICAL REACTIONS;DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS;FLUIDS;GASES;IGNEOUS ROCKS;MATTER;MINERALS;ORGANIC ACIDS;ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;ROCKS;SILICATE MINERALS;TEMPERATURE RANGE;VOLCANIC ROCKS |
| Description/Abstract | It has been suggested that the formation of reduced carbonaceous matter in basalts and mantle xenoliths occurs by heterogeneous reaction of volcanic gas on fresh, chemically active crack surfaces produced by thermal stresses during eruption and cooling.^This hypothesis is supported by experiments at 400-800[degrees]C on (010) surfaces of San Carlos olivine exposed to C-O-H gases generated by the decomposition of oxalic acid and oxalic acid dihydrate.^Carbonaceous films form readily on these surfaces and achieve thicknesses comparable to those observed in natural samples (a few nanometers) in a matter of minutes.^At relatively oxidizing conditions, the carbonaceous films consist principally of C-C and C-H bonded species with lesser amounts of C-O bonded species.^At relatively reducing conditions, the carbonaceous films consist of subequal amounts of C-C/C-H, C-O, and metal-C species.^Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and other thermally labile organic species are associated with carbonaceous films in some natural samples but none were detected in experimental samples from this study, leaving open the question of abiotic synthesis of organic matter on crack surfaces in basalts.^Regardless, it is clear from the preliminary experiments reported here that crack surfaces in olivine (and probably other silicate minerals and glasses) are capable of stabilizing compounds that otherwise would not be stable in cooling lava. |
| Country of Publication | United States |
| Language | English |
| Format | Pages: 3245-3249 |
| System Entry Date | 2001 May 13 |
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Last Updated: 02/08/2009