From hendee@wave Tue May 23 11:03:53 1995 Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 11:03:52 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: Coral Health & Monitoring , aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu, atwood@aoml.erl.gov, bcausey@ocean.nos.noaa.gov, bhaskell@atlantic.nos.noaa.gov, bholland@rdc.noaa.gov, ckrouse@hatteras.bea.nmfs.gov, eakin@ogp.noaa.gov, eclarke@rsmas.miami.edu, ffield@aoml.erl.gov, fishlick@aol.com, florit@coral.aoml.erl.gov, forcucci@aoml.erl.gov, ghitchcock@rsmas.miami.edu, hendee@coral.aoml.erl.gov, jaap_w@harpo.dep.state.fl.us, jogden@marine.usf.edu, labbe@aoml.erl.gov, mdowgiallo@hq.noaa.gov, nelsen@aoml.erl.gov, ortner@aoml.erl.gov, perci@aoml.erl.gov, pglynn@rsmas.miami.edu, ssmith@aoml.erl.gov, wanninkhof@aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Health & Monitoring List-Server Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: Greetings, We will soon be implementing a list-server for our Coral Health and Monitoring program. This e-mail service will function as a forum for information exchange, discussion, and recent news of interest to coral health researchers. List subscribers will also be able to request the following services: 1) Automated e-mail delivery of Coastal-Marine Automated Network (C-MAN) data from stations at Fowey Rocks, Molasses Reef, Sombrero Reef, Long Key, Sand Key and Dry Tortugas. Other stations include those in the South Pacific, the Bahamas and the Flower Garden area in the northern Gulf of Mexico. You will be able to choose which stations you'd like, and the frequency of reporting (e.g., hourly, once-a-day, once-a-week, etc.). The basic data usually include wind speed and direction, sea surface temperature and barometric pressure. Florida Institute of Oceanography enhanced stations include salinity, and photosynthetically-active radiation (PAR). Additional parameters may be added in the future. 2) Automated facsimile delivery of the same data as in (1) above. 3) Automated e-mail delivery of uuencoded .GIF images of CoastWatch data from South Florida, including the Florida Keys. You may choose a frequency of several times per day, once-a-day, etc. For those of you who are unaware of what uuencoding is, it a method for transferring binary data (in this case satellite AVHRR images) as an ASCII message. When you receive the message, you use uudecode to decode the message back into a binary file, then view it on your PC, Macintosh, or Unix workstation. (Please note that the actual CoastWatch data files will not be available--those must be retrieved from Alex Chester of the CoastWatch program.) These and other services, such as an online compendium of published abstracts relating to coral health, and hypertext links to other coral health-related areas, will also be available soon at our World-Wide Web site: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov If you have any suggestions as to other materials you would like to see added to this service, any suggestions as to additional subscriber names, or if you'd like your name removed from this list, please drop a line at your earliest convenience. Thank you for your support. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | James C. Hendee | Internet: hendee@aoml.erl.gov | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | Voice: 305 361-4380 | | Ocean Chemistry Division | Fax: 305 361-4582 | | NOAA/AOML | COASTAL RBBS: 305 361-4524 | | 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway | | | Miami, FL 33149-1026 | | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ From hendee@wave Fri May 23 13:50:10 1995 Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu (jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu [198.116.54.30]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA18372; Tue, 23 May 1995 13:50:05 -0400 Received: (from jogden@localhost) by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.6.11/8.6.11) id NAA04536; Tue, 23 May 1995 13:52:46 -0400 Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 13:52:46 -0400 (EDT) From: John Ogden To: "James C. Hendee" cc: Coral Health & Monitoring , aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu, atwood@aoml.erl.gov, bcausey@ocean.nos.noaa.gov, bhaskell@atlantic.nos.noaa.gov, bholland@rdc.noaa.gov, ckrouse@hatteras.bea.nmfs.gov, eakin@ogp.noaa.gov, eclarke@rsmas.miami.edu, ffield@aoml.erl.gov, fishlick@aol.com, florit@coral.aoml.erl.gov, forcucci@aoml.erl.gov, ghitchcock@rsmas.miami.edu, hendee@coral.aoml.erl.gov, jaap_w@harpo.dep.state.fl.us, labbe@aoml.erl.gov, mdowgiallo@OASERVERA2.SSMC.NOAA.GOV, nelsen@aoml.erl.gov, ortner@aoml.erl.gov, perci@aoml.erl.gov, pglynn@rsmas.miami.edu, ssmith@aoml.erl.gov, wanninkhof@aoml.erl.gov, milliken@marine.usf.edu, svargo@marine.usf.edu Subject: SEAKEYS Automated Monitoring System In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: Many of you will receive from me a detailed explanation of the situation with regard to the SEAKEYS/NDBC Automated Monitoring system in the Keys. The FIO has hit the wall on funding and unless new sources are identified soon, we will be forced to close the Sand Key and Long Key stations and, more importantly, let our staff at the Key Marine Laboratory who maintain the stations go. I will be in contact with you early next month. In the meantime, if any of you has any good ideas, we would like to hear them. Cheers. John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 From hendee@wave Sat May 24 14:40:02 1995 Received: from coral.aoml.erl.gov (coral.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.19]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with SMTP id OAA21902 for ; Wed, 24 May 1995 14:40:00 -0400 Received: from wave.aoml.erl.gov by coral.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (931110.SGI/930416.SGI) for hendee@wave.aoml.erl.gov id AA15083; Wed, 24 May 95 14:39:58 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id OAA21889; Wed, 24 May 1995 14:39:22 -0400 Date: Wed, 24 May 1995 14:39:22 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: Coral Health & Monitoring , aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu, atwood@aoml.erl.gov, bcausey@ocean.nos.noaa.gov, bhaskell@atlantic.nos.noaa.gov, bholland@rdc.noaa.gov, ckrouse@hatteras.bea.nmfs.gov, crane@aoml.erl.gov, eakin@ogp.noaa.gov, eclarke@rsmas.miami.edu, esieger@OASERVERA2.SSMC.NOAA.GOV, ffield@aoml.erl.gov, fishlick@aol.com, florit@coral.aoml.erl.gov, forcucci@aoml.erl.gov, ghitchcock@rsmas.miami.edu, hendee@coral.aoml.erl.gov, jaap_w@harpo.dep.state.fl.us, jogden@marine.usf.edu, labbe@aoml.erl.gov, mdowgiallo@OASERVERA2.SSMC.NOAA.GOV, nelsen@aoml.erl.gov, ortner@aoml.erl.gov, perci@aoml.erl.gov, pglynn@rsmas.miami.edu, ssmith@aoml.erl.gov, wanninkhof@aoml.erl.gov Cc: dubosq@tuck.cs.fit.edu Subject: Sample C-MAN data Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: Greetings, At the bottom of this message is a sampling of C-MAN data from the stations in the Keys. Salinity data have been removed because of some problems with some sensors, and a problem with our parsing code. We hope to begin sending these data to you soon, if you are interested in receiving them automatically. Otherwise, they will be posted on the Home Page at http://coral.aoml.erl.gov. Also note that our "Other Links" portion of the Coral Health and Monitoring page has been dressed up, and we expect the color output for the CoastWatch images will be improved soon, too. If there are other sensor data you feel would be of benefit to you, please drop me a line. Many thanks. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee ====================================================================== WARNING! These oceanographic data are PREMLIMINARY data and have not been screened for accuracy. NOAA and FIO can not be held liable for use of these data in a manner other than for perusal of preliminary oceanographic data for scientific research on coral reefs. -- Key -- MLRF1 = Molasses Reef 25.01 N, 80.38 W SMKF1 = Sombrero Reef 24.63 N, 81.11 W SANF1 = Sand Key Reef 24.45 N, 81.88 W FWYF1 = Fowey Rocks Reef 25.59 N, 80.10 W LONF1 = Long Key Station 24.84 N, 80.86 W DRYF1 = Dry Tortugas Station 24.38 N, 82.52 W Date and time are local Temperature in Centigrade, Sal = salinity Wind speed in miles/hr, Dir = direction Barometric Pressure in millibars (1 bar = 29.53 inches of mercury) N/A means Not Available at this time PAR = Photosynthetically Active Radiation (surface and 1 meter deep) Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== MLRF1 05/24/95 0400 27.2 28.3 086 16.7 18.2 1011.7 19 20 MLRF1 05/24/95 0300 27.6 28.3 103 13.6 14.7 1012.1 19 20 MLRF1 05/24/95 0200 27.8 28.3 114 11.3 12.5 1012.8 20 20 MLRF1 05/24/95 0100 27.9 28.5 119 12.8 14.4 1013.7 20 20 MLRF1 05/24/95 0000 27.9 28.6 111 12.1 12.8 1013.7 20 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 2300 28.1 28.5 111 11.3 13.0 1014.0 20 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 2200 28.0 28.3 106 13.8 15.0 1014.0 20 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 2100 28.0 28.2 106 17.8 20.0 1013.6 20 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 2000 28.3 28.2 066 13.2 14.4 1013.0 26 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1900 28.4 28.3 082 11.7 12.5 1012.7 119 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1800 28.1 28.2 094 14.3 15.3 1012.4 338 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1700 28.0 28.2 073 13.8 15.3 1012.3 552 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1600 28.0 28.3 071 15.5 16.3 1012.4 689 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1500 28.0 28.3 079 10.5 12.1 1012.8 975 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1400 27.7 28.3 068 12.0 13.3 1013.2 1054 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1300 27.5 28.4 047 9.2 10.4 1013.9 1082 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1200 27.3 28.3 041 6.2 6.9 1013.8 1083 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 1100 27.2 28.5 352 3.2 4.0 1013.6 618 20 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== MLRF1 05/23/95 1000 26.8 28.4 335 1.7 2.5 1013.8 208 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0900 26.7 28.3 009 4.7 5.8 1014.0 253 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0800 26.0 28.2 014 8.6 10.4 1013.4 123 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0700 27.0 28.2 203 7.0 7.8 1012.8 69 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0600 27.0 28.3 237 5.3 6.3 1012.1 19 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0500 27.1 28.1 220 5.4 6.3 1011.7 19 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0400 27.2 28.3 202 6.4 7.2 1011.5 19 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0300 27.2 28.3 207 8.0 10.4 1011.3 19 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0200 27.4 28.5 167 4.9 5.5 1011.9 19 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0100 27.4 28.4 000 0.0 0.0 1012.4 20 20 MLRF1 05/23/95 0000 27.5 28.2 297 7.6 8.6 1012.6 20 20 SMKF1 05/24/95 0400 27.7 28.9 107 12.0 13.0 1008.4 5 7 SMKF1 05/24/95 0300 27.7 28.8 105 10.8 12.2 1008.5 5 7 SMKF1 05/24/95 0200 27.9 28.9 112 14.1 15.3 1009.6 5 7 SMKF1 05/24/95 0100 28.0 29.1 118 12.9 14.4 1010.1 5 8 SMKF1 05/24/95 0000 28.0 29.2 090 9.3 10.8 1010.4 5 9 SMKF1 05/23/95 2300 28.1 28.9 110 17.3 17.9 1010.8 5 9 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== SMKF1 05/23/95 2200 28.2 29.0 094 16.4 18.2 1010.8 5 10 SMKF1 05/23/95 2100 28.5 29.4 081 12.2 13.3 1010.2 5 12 SMKF1 05/23/95 2000 28.4 29.2 068 10.2 10.8 1009.8 5 17 SMKF1 05/23/95 1900 28.6 29.3 080 5.9 6.6 1009.6 6 28 SMKF1 05/23/95 1800 29.0 29.4 068 7.6 9.8 1009.4 9 41 SMKF1 05/23/95 1700 29.2 29.5 064 7.1 8.0 1009.2 9 36 SMKF1 05/23/95 1600 29.1 29.6 063 5.5 6.2 1009.2 9 33 SMKF1 05/23/95 1500 28.7 29.7 085 6.0 7.0 1009.5 7 22 SMKF1 05/23/95 1400 27.7 29.6 040 8.7 9.4 1010.3 5 15 SMKF1 05/23/95 1300 27.3 29.6 046 8.7 10.1 1010.4 5 12 SMKF1 05/23/95 1200 26.9 29.2 035 8.0 9.0 1010.7 5 12 SMKF1 05/23/95 1100 26.7 29.0 027 11.0 12.4 1010.6 5 12 SMKF1 05/23/95 1000 26.7 28.9 026 14.7 15.6 1010.7 5 10 SMKF1 05/23/95 0900 27.6 28.9 054 4.5 6.4 1010.8 5 10 SMKF1 05/23/95 0800 27.6 28.8 006 6.8 8.9 1010.1 5 8 SMKF1 05/23/95 0700 27.4 28.9 221 4.9 5.6 1009.6 5 7 SMKF1 05/23/95 0600 27.2 28.7 184 11.5 12.3 1008.8 5 7 SMKF1 05/23/95 0500 27.1 28.9 173 11.2 12.5 1008.7 5 7 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== SMKF1 05/23/95 0400 27.2 29.1 193 13.1 14.4 1008.2 5 7 SMKF1 05/23/95 0300 27.8 29.2 105 8.9 9.9 1008.4 5 7 SMKF1 05/23/95 0200 28.1 29.2 069 9.2 10.1 1008.7 5 7 SMKF1 05/23/95 0100 28.1 29.1 030 4.7 5.8 1009.5 5 8 SMKF1 05/23/95 0000 27.9 29.1 007 10.7 11.8 1009.9 5 8 SANF1 05/24/95 0400 27.6 28.5 108 8.3 9.8 1011.8 21 50 SANF1 05/24/95 0300 27.6 28.4 115 13.5 14.3 1012.0 21 49 SANF1 05/24/95 0200 27.7 28.3 108 13.9 15.9 1013.0 21 49 SANF1 05/24/95 0100 27.8 28.4 084 12.6 13.9 1013.2 20 50 SANF1 05/24/95 0000 27.9 28.5 044 9.9 10.1 1014.1 21 49 SANF1 05/23/95 2300 28.0 28.6 041 10.1 10.5 1014.2 21 49 SANF1 05/23/95 2200 28.0 28.7 038 10.8 11.0 1014.0 21 49 SANF1 05/23/95 2100 28.2 28.7 010 12.2 12.4 1013.4 20 49 SANF1 05/23/95 2000 28.2 28.8 001 7.2 7.4 1013.1 34 57 SANF1 05/23/95 1900 28.5 28.9 017 7.9 9.2 1013.2 185 153 SANF1 05/23/95 1800 28.4 29.0 001 11.5 11.0 1012.8 399 313 SANF1 05/23/95 1700 28.4 29.0 022 13.1 13.9 1012.8 608 486 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== SANF1 05/23/95 1600 28.3 28.9 007 15.3 15.9 1012.6 796 652 SANF1 05/23/95 1500 28.2 28.9 047 12.5 12.5 1013.1 921 766 SANF1 05/23/95 1400 27.8 28.8 026 15.2 15.3 1013.6 981 865 SANF1 05/23/95 1300 27.5 28.7 025 14.5 15.1 1013.8 988 838 SANF1 05/23/95 1200 27.5 28.6 033 14.5 15.1 1014.2 931 801 SANF1 05/23/95 1100 27.7 28.4 046 13.0 13.7 1014.3 853 683 SANF1 05/23/95 1000 27.5 28.3 036 16.2 16.7 1014.2 644 480 SANF1 05/23/95 0900 27.4 28.2 037 13.2 13.7 1013.9 448 336 SANF1 05/23/95 0800 27.5 28.3 035 14.7 15.3 1013.5 219 163 SANF1 05/23/95 0700 27.6 28.5 035 11.3 12.1 1013.0 42 62 SANF1 05/23/95 0600 27.6 28.4 043 10.5 11.5 1012.5 21 48 SANF1 05/23/95 0500 27.7 28.3 058 10.0 11.2 1012.1 21 48 SANF1 05/23/95 0400 27.4 28.2 325 12.0 13.1 1012.0 20 48 SANF1 05/23/95 0300 27.3 28.3 340 11.8 11.7 1012.4 20 47 SANF1 05/23/95 0200 27.3 28.4 354 14.1 14.3 1012.8 20 48 SANF1 05/23/95 0100 27.3 28.4 006 14.6 14.8 1013.5 21 48 SANF1 05/23/95 0000 27.3 28.4 359 14.4 15.0 1013.8 20 48 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== FWYF1 05/24/95 0400 27.0 28.7 111 13.0 14.3 1010.3 25 26 FWYF1 05/24/95 0300 27.2 28.5 115 16.6 17.8 1010.5 25 26 FWYF1 05/24/95 0200 27.4 28.7 122 17.4 18.2 1011.2 25 27 FWYF1 05/24/95 0100 27.6 28.8 101 14.6 15.6 1011.9 25 28 FWYF1 05/24/95 0000 27.8 28.8 088 13.3 15.1 1012.3 25 26 FWYF1 05/23/95 2300 27.8 28.8 089 13.0 15.6 1012.4 25 27 FWYF1 05/23/95 2200 27.7 28.7 092 11.6 12.8 1012.5 25 27 FWYF1 05/23/95 2100 27.7 28.5 108 15.4 17.0 1011.9 25 28 FWYF1 05/23/95 2000 27.9 28.3 084 14.3 16.7 1011.8 33 36 FWYF1 05/23/95 1900 28.1 28.4 069 14.0 15.1 1011.2 172 88 FWYF1 05/23/95 1800 27.9 28.5 079 14.1 15.9 1010.8 377 201 FWYF1 05/23/95 1700 27.8 28.5 075 16.1 17.4 1010.9 257 149 FWYF1 05/23/95 1600 27.9 28.6 077 14.7 15.9 1011.1 888 498 FWYF1 05/23/95 1500 27.6 28.6 069 12.2 13.3 1011.3 1046 603 FWYF1 05/23/95 1400 27.4 28.6 071 12.5 13.9 1011.5 1120 713 FWYF1 05/23/95 1300 27.3 28.9 038 13.1 13.7 1012.2 1141 749 FWYF1 05/23/95 1200 27.0 28.7 023 11.2 11.6 1012.1 1098 785 FWYF1 05/23/95 1100 26.6 28.5 007 11.4 12.3 1012.2 978 657 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== FWYF1 05/23/95 1000 26.4 28.3 004 11.4 12.4 1012.3 789 515 FWYF1 05/23/95 0900 25.9 28.1 341 14.5 15.5 1012.3 549 350 FWYF1 05/23/95 0800 25.7 28.0 335 12.1 13.6 1012.1 240 152 FWYF1 05/23/95 0700 26.3 28.0 336 11.4 12.6 1011.2 52 60 FWYF1 05/23/95 0600 26.3 28.0 329 11.4 12.2 1010.6 24 47 FWYF1 05/23/95 0500 26.8 28.1 324 11.8 12.6 1010.0 24 47 FWYF1 05/23/95 0400 27.2 28.1 339 4.1 5.2 1009.8 24 48 FWYF1 05/23/95 0300 27.1 28.1 031 4.1 4.6 1009.6 25 48 FWYF1 05/23/95 0200 27.1 28.2 082 5.9 6.9 1010.3 25 48 FWYF1 05/23/95 0100 27.0 28.4 082 12.9 14.7 1010.7 25 48 FWYF1 05/23/95 0000 27.8 28.5 042 12.8 14.8 1011.1 25 49 LONF1 05/24/95 0400 27.7 29.3 111 11.7 13.3 1012.3 16 25 LONF1 05/24/95 0300 27.7 29.4 097 10.5 12.8 1012.5 16 25 LONF1 05/24/95 0200 27.9 29.5 107 10.5 11.7 1013.5 16 25 LONF1 05/24/95 0100 28.0 29.6 103 12.2 14.1 1014.3 16 25 LONF1 05/24/95 0000 28.1 29.7 108 10.4 11.2 1014.3 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 2300 28.3 29.9 107 12.6 14.7 1014.8 16 25 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== LONF1 05/23/95 2200 28.5 30.0 112 12.9 14.8 1014.6 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 2100 28.4 30.2 094 12.8 14.3 1014.2 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 2000 28.4 30.3 089 9.7 10.5 1013.7 20 28 LONF1 05/23/95 1900 28.7 30.4 090 10.7 12.5 1013.4 74 69 LONF1 05/23/95 1800 28.7 30.4 077 10.5 11.8 1013.0 271 216 LONF1 05/23/95 1700 28.3 30.4 086 7.9 9.2 1013.0 168 139 LONF1 05/23/95 1600 28.5 30.2 046 2.3 3.8 1013.0 59 507 LONF1 05/23/95 1500 28.2 30.0 353 1.2 1.4 1013.3 57 651 LONF1 05/23/95 1400 27.8 29.8 075 5.3 7.6 1014.0 740 681 LONF1 05/23/95 1300 27.4 29.4 020 5.6 6.7 1014.4 749 718 LONF1 05/23/95 1200 26.9 29.2 018 7.8 9.1 1014.6 717 707 LONF1 05/23/95 1100 26.4 29.0 012 8.9 10.7 1014.4 638 605 LONF1 05/23/95 1000 26.0 28.9 026 11.4 13.6 1014.8 493 401 LONF1 05/23/95 0900 25.9 28.8 019 11.5 12.2 1014.8 348 252 LONF1 05/23/95 0800 26.0 28.8 015 11.2 12.2 1013.9 179 135 LONF1 05/23/95 0700 26.5 28.9 025 10.8 12.3 1013.6 44 45 LONF1 05/23/95 0600 26.7 29.0 023 10.7 12.2 1012.8 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 0500 26.9 29.0 026 7.4 8.7 1012.5 16 25 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== LONF1 05/23/95 0400 26.9 29.0 020 5.5 7.7 1012.1 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 0300 27.3 29.1 049 7.5 8.4 1012.2 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 0200 27.5 29.2 054 7.7 8.5 1012.6 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 0100 27.8 29.3 015 12.1 13.6 1013.2 16 25 LONF1 05/23/95 0000 27.9 29.5 354 12.0 12.8 1013.5 16 25 DRYF1 05/24/95 0400 26.9 28.5 094 4.7 6.4 1012.3 12 16 DRYF1 05/24/95 0300 27.0 28.5 065 7.8 9.7 1012.8 12 16 DRYF1 05/24/95 0200 27.0 28.5 040 8.5 10.2 1013.4 12 16 DRYF1 05/24/95 0100 26.9 28.5 019 10.4 11.6 1014.0 12 16 DRYF1 05/24/95 0000 27.2 28.6 015 11.8 13.2 1014.8 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 2300 27.0 28.6 014 8.5 9.5 1014.9 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 2200 26.9 28.7 357 7.9 9.3 1014.2 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 2100 26.8 28.7 003 10.5 11.6 1013.8 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 2000 26.9 28.7 349 11.2 13.1 1014.0 29 30 DRYF1 05/23/95 1900 26.9 28.6 008 10.4 13.5 1014.0 154 144 DRYF1 05/23/95 1800 27.0 28.6 020 13.5 14.7 1013.9 408 351 DRYF1 05/23/95 1700 27.1 28.6 019 13.6 15.1 1013.8 675 649 Air Sea Wind Wind Wind Barom PAR PAR Site Date Time Temp Temp Dir Speed Gust Press Surf 1 m ======================================================================== DRYF1 05/23/95 1600 27.1 28.6 024 13.2 15.1 1013.7 638 606 DRYF1 05/23/95 1500 27.3 28.6 027 11.2 12.4 1014.0 863 872 DRYF1 05/23/95 1400 27.2 28.5 036 11.3 13.3 1014.2 927 988 DRYF1 05/23/95 1300 27.0 28.4 047 12.9 14.0 1014.8 924 1019 DRYF1 05/23/95 1200 27.1 28.4 050 12.5 13.7 1015.2 866 945 DRYF1 05/23/95 1100 27.4 28.4 038 13.9 16.7 1015.3 576 606 DRYF1 05/23/95 1000 27.5 28.4 047 15.1 16.3 1014.8 599 574 DRYF1 05/23/95 0900 27.6 28.4 050 13.2 14.8 1014.6 240 217 DRYF1 05/23/95 0800 27.7 28.4 037 8.0 9.7 1014.3 120 110 DRYF1 05/23/95 0700 27.6 28.4 004 8.0 9.1 1013.6 29 31 DRYF1 05/23/95 0600 27.7 28.3 360 9.5 10.5 1013.4 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 0500 27.3 28.4 020 10.7 12.1 1013.0 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 0400 27.2 28.4 025 10.9 12.3 1013.1 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 0300 26.9 28.4 019 12.1 14.7 1013.3 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 0200 26.8 28.4 339 13.0 15.2 1013.7 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 0100 26.9 28.4 357 14.6 16.6 1014.2 12 16 DRYF1 05/23/95 0000 27.0 28.5 006 19.2 21.7 1014.5 12 16 === end of message === From hendee@wave Sun Jun 8 14:39:26 1995 Received: from coral.aoml.erl.gov (coral.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.19]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with SMTP id OAA17774 for ; Thu, 8 Jun 1995 14:37:41 -0400 Received: from wave.aoml.erl.gov by coral.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (931110.SGI/930416.SGI) for hendee@wave.aoml.erl.gov id AA27257; Thu, 8 Jun 95 14:37:40 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id OAA17345; Thu, 8 Jun 1995 14:23:26 - 0400 Date: Thu, 8 Jun 1995 14:23:25 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: Coral Health & Monitoring <73261.2212@compuserve.com>, achester@hatteras.bea.nmfs.gov, alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au, andy_steven@quickmail.macnet2.gbrmpa.gov.au, ann.sharp@jcu.edu.au, aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu, atwood@aoml.erl.gov, bcausey@ocean.nos.noaa.gov, bhaskell@atlantic.nos.noaa.gov, bholland@rdc.noaa.gov, bob_buddemeier@msmail.kgs.ukans.edu, brianL@gbrmpa.gov.au, c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au, carsey@aoml.erl.gov, ccook@hboi.edu, charpy@tahiti.orstom.fr, cindyh@uhunix.uhcc.hawaii.edu, ckrouse@hatteras.bea.nmfs.gov, crane@aoml.erl.gov, croberts@uvi.mola, croberts@uvi.mola, d_klumpp@aims.gov.au, davel@cc.usu.edu, david.bellwood@jcu.edu.au, dsantavy@gulfbr.gbr.epa.gov, eakin@ogp.noaa.gov, eclarke@rsmas.miami.edu, ehu101@uriacc.uri.edu, emueller@jaguar1.usouthal.edu, esieger@OASERVERA2.SSMC.NOAA.GOV, fichez@tahiti.orstom.fr, fitt@sparrow.ecology.uga.edu, florit@coral.aoml.erl.gov, forcucci@aoml.erl.gov, fossil@selway.umt.edu, gatesrd@biovx1.biology.ucla.edu, gattuso@naxos.unice.fr, gattuso@naxos.unice.fr, gdennis@roo.fit.edu, genin@ccrv.obs-vlfr.fr, ghitchcock@rsmas.miami.edu, ginsburg@rcf.rsmas.miami.edu, gregorh@hk.super.net, hardy@nessie.cc.wwu.edu, hendee@coral.aoml.erl.gov, humphrj1@firnvx.firn.edu, iclarm@cgnet.com, j.mcmanus@cgnet.com, j.munro@cgnet.com, j_benzie@aims.gov.au, jaap_w@harpo.dep.state.fl.us, jcortes@cariari.ucr.ac.cr, jogden@marine.usf.edu, johns@aoml.erl.gov, jordan@servidor.dgsca.unam.mx, kayanne@gsj.go.jp, ks95@umail.umd.edu, labbe@aoml.erl.gov, m_furnas@aims.gov.au, mdowgiallo@OASERVERA2.SSMC.NOAA.GOV, n.polunin@ncl.ac.uk, nebelsick@uni-tuebingen.de, nelsen@aoml.erl.gov, ortner@aoml.erl.gov, oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au, oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au, oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au, oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au, p_doherty@aims.gov.au, p_doherty@aims.gov.au, path@amsg.austmus.oz.au, perci@aoml.erl.gov, peyrot@com.univ-mrs.fr, pglynn@rsmas.miami.edu, planes@syspo.univ-perp.fr, pol@syspo.univ-perp.fr, potts@biology.ucsc.edu, psammarco@smtpgw.lumcon.edu, r.froese@cgnet.com, reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de, sale@server.uwindsor.ca, sharohl@cc.usu.edu, ssmith@aoml.erl.gov, steneck@maine.maine.edu, str101.naos.brenesm@ic.si.edu, swart@rcf.rsmas.miami.edu, t_ayukai@aims.gov.au, tja2@vax.york.ac.uk, uhfbo31@alpha1.rhbnc.ac.uk, vinced@syspo.univ-perp.fr, vinced@syspo.univ-perp.fr, wanninkhof@aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Health and Monitoring News Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: Greetings! Our list-server is still under construction, but we hope to have it up and running soon. When that is set up, you will receive news of coral meetings, discussions, symposia, etc, as well as be able to ask questions of others on the list, make announcements, and so forth. In the mean time, here is a little news from the Coral Health and Monitoring Program, which can be found on the World-Wide Web at http://coral.aoml.erl.gov. We have added a rather large list of literature abstracts and references relating to coral health. If you do not see your name and abstract listed, but would like to have it listed, please send the complete journal citation with abstract to hendee@aoml.erl.gov. We have begun to add some historical data (surface temperature and salinity) from the Indo-Pacific's coral reef areas, years 1900 through 1990. Currently listed are data from the Keeling, Christmas Island and Timor Sea areas. Our Coastwatch satellite image data and viewing process has improved. Images are posted daily, and are also archived so that you may view previous days and times. A sample C-MAN (Coastal-Marine Automated Network) bulletin from the Florida Keys has been posted. If you would like to begin receiving these data for selected C-MAN sites at certain times and days, please drop a line so we may add you to the subscription list. These bulletins may be sent by e-mail or faxed (U.S.A. only) to you. Historical C-MAN data will be added soon. These data will include selected Florida Keys C-MAN stations. These services are still under construction, so we appreciate your patience. If you have any suggestions, please let us know. If you know of any other coral researchers who could benefit from these services, please forward their full name and e-mail address. Many thanks for your interest and support. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | James C. Hendee | Internet: hendee@aoml.erl.gov| | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | Voice: 305 361-4380 | | Ocean Chemistry Division | Fax: 305 361-4582 | | NOAA/AOML | COASTAL RBBS: 305 361-4524 | | 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway | | | Miami, FL 33149-1026 | | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ From hendee@wave Thu Jun 12 21:00:41 1995 Received: from extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU (root@[129.78.64.4]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA19422 for ; Mon, 12 Jun 1995 21:00:26 -0400 Received: from [129.78.85.172] ([129.78.85.172]) by extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU (8.6.10/8.6.10) with SMTP id LAA14402 for ; Tue, 13 Jun 1995 11:00:19 +1000 Message-Id: <199506130100.LAA14402@extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU> X-Sender: alark@postbox.su.edu.au Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Tue, 13 Jun 1995 11:03:12 +1000 To: "James C. Hendee" From: alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au (Tony Larkum) Subject: Re: Coral Health and Monitoring News Status: RO X-Status: A Dear James, I am sending the following update on the ENCORE experiemnt for your news bulletin. Andy Steven may have some further information on the effect on corals and other organisms and processes. "ENCORE, The Effect of Nutrient Enrichment of Coral Reefs and the Programme of Prof Larkum (School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney). The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen pouring onto the Great Barrier Reef from rivers and drainage off the land is now ten fold what it was fifty years ago. The major source is intensive agriculture with lesser contributions from sewage effluent and industry/urbanisation. In other parts of the world coral reefs have been degraded by effluent from such sources. Nutrients are high on the list of agents which may have caused this effect. The conventional thinking is that natural algae grow faster in the presence of added nutrients (N+P) and that they then overgrow and smother the coral and other animals of a typical coral reef leading eventually to the disappearance of coral and the formation of an algal reef. There is no consensus at the moment that the increased levels of nutrient (N+P) on the Great Barrier Reef are at levels that may cause concern or even that nutrients are the causal agent in decline of coral reefs elsewhere, eg Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii; Philippines, Thailand. Nevertheless nutrients must be building up in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon and this poses a potential threat to the GBR and its $1.4 billion contribution to the Gross Nationa Product. To answer the questions arising from the previous discussion an in situ reef fertilisation experiment is being undertaken on the Australian Great Barrier Reef (at One Tree Island), to investigate the response of coral reefs to nutrient enrichment. This experiment, known as ENCORE, was designed by Prof Larkum (University of Sydney) and Mr. Andy Steven (GBRMPA) to quantify the fate of nitrogen and phosphorus within a coral reef, and compare their impact on a variety of coral reef organisms. Coordinated by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville (GBRMPA), 30 scientists from 8 Australian and 3 overseas organisations are undertaking research encompassing cellular through to community level responses. This research will provide a scientific basis for developing appropriate water quality management strategies in coral reef environments, and may identify a number of sub-lethal indicators of nutrient stress. Nine robots have been built and deployed in natural shallow pools (microatolls) in the main lagoon at One Tree Reef. At each low tide these robots squirt a dose of pollution (N or P or N+P) into the pool. The following organisms are being studied in detail: a range of typical corals, clams, sponges, fish, bacteria, and algae. The results to the present time are surprising in that they show a direct effect on coral growth and reproduction and on the growth of clams. Most surprising is the lack of effect on the microscopic algae which are generally considered to feed the animals of the reef. It seems that under the conditions at One Tree (and maybe generally on coral reefs) they are not limited by nutrients. The rates of primary production that have been measured are at the upper range for any known alga and therefore it is likely that the algae are limited by inorganic carbon supply rather than by nutrients. Nutrient recycling within the epilithic algal community is probably adequate to supply the N and P needs of these algae. Addition of nutrients to these algae in tanks has not increased primary productivity. Protection of the algae from grazing has also not enhanced productivity - supporting the contention that the algae are limited by carbon supply. In the longer term the biomass and possibly the primary productivity are limited by grazing, particularly by grazing fish. However the levels of nutrients that have been discharged into the pools over the last year are very low. As a result it has been decided to treble the loading in 1995. Under these conditions (the same concentration as before but delivered in three injections 30 min apart) it is expected that there will be a response of the microscopic algae in the form of a community shift whereby certain green algae will dominate and grow excessively. However this has to be put to the test. Funding for ENCORE is at two levels. The GBRMPA (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority) funds the infrastructure of the project and supports a minimal amount of research. Individual researchers are mainly dependent therefore on grants that they can attract from funding bodies. Prof. Larkum had an Australian Research Council grant for his work from 1992-94. Detailed Results on the algae to the present time The algae referred to as EAC are the epilithic algal community (which we study on year-old dead Porites blocks). These have shown no response in any of the experimental atolls to added nutrients. At first we thought that this was due to the effect of severe grazing, but we found the same effect when we caged the blocks for two weeks. We then thought that the levels of added nutrients might be so low that this was the reason for no effect. So we bathed the blocks in ten-fold nutrient concentrations for 24-48 hours. This was done both with our respirometers and the "Cheshire" respirometer. Still we got no effect. So we have to conclude that the EAC is not nutrient limited in the lagoon at One Tree. (We have repeated this at several seasons so it is not a seasonal effect -although Hatcher and Larkum 1983 did detect a small effect in Spring, and it is possible that this does occur and we missed it). No inhibition of growth of crustose coralline algae - Lithothamnion and Lithophyllum spp. has been found. My group has not been studying the macroalgae. These are not common inside the microatolls but do occur on the outside rims of the microatolls - particularly at the moment Laurencia spp. Ed Drew and Bill Dennison have been studying effects of nutrients on these. Bill claims to have found a definite stimulation of growth and Ed a non-statistical stimulation. Note that this update has concentrated on the free-living micro- and macro-algae. Of course, corals and many other animals of coral reefs, have symbiotic zooxanthellae. We are not studying these algae, but many other workers are and particularly Drs. Ove Hoegh-Guldberg and Assoc. Prof. D. Yellowlees of the ENCORE Project. In general past work seems to suggest that increased nitrogen causes an increased gowth of the zooxanthellae. This increased growth may adversely affect the growth of corals. Current research in the ENCORE Project is directed towards testing this hypothesis Reference. Larkum, A.W.D. and Steven, A.D.L 1994. ENCORE (The effect of nutrient enrichment on a coral reef). 1. Experimental design and research programme. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 29, 112-120 A.W.D. Larkum Professor of Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 tel (02) 351 2069 fax (02) 351 4771 email alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au" Prof Tony Larkum Sydney University alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au Ph (02) 692 2069 Fax (02) 692 4771 From hendee@wave Wed Jun 11 12:06:45 1995 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id MAA19868 for hendee@aoml.erl.gov; Sun, 11 Jun 1995 12:06:45 -0400 Date: Sun, 11 Jun 1995 12:06:45 -0400 From: Jim Hendee Message-Id: <199506111606.MAA19868@aoml.erl.gov> To: hendee@aoml.erl.gov Subject: (fwd) Re: Death of Acropora in BVI Newsgroups: sci.geo.oceanography Organization: "U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA/AOML, Miami, FL" Status: RO X-Status: Path: news.aoml.erl.gov!usenet.fiu.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.ultranet.com!news.sprintlink.net!demon!daflight.demon.co. uk!hugh From: Hugh Easton Newsgroups: sci.geo.oceanography Subject: Re: Death of Acropora in BVI Date: 8 Jun 1995 00:40:44 +0100 Organization: Lines: 163 Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk Message-ID: <802567217snz@daflight.demon.co.uk> References: Reply-To: hugh@daflight.demon.co.uk NNTP-Posting-Host: dispatch.demon.co.uk X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.27 X-Posting-Host: daflight.demon.co.uk In article mcallist@gate.net "Ray McAllister" writes: > Josh, your analysis is much more believable to me than the global warming > hypothesis. So far we have no definitive evidence for ocean warming and > may have to wait till ATOC to get anytrhing dependable. That is no longer true, at least according to an article, "Drying out the tropics", in the 6 May issue of New Scientist. Apparently there has been a recent shift in thinking among climatologists about the stability of tropical climates. More importantly for the purposes of our discussion, substantial warming has been measured in tropical oceans. "The 1980's were the warmest decade on record, and this was primarily because temperatures rose in the tropics. ... The tropical ocean temperatures were between 0.25 and 0.75 C warmer [from 1981 to 1990] compared with 1951 to 1980. Since 1976, the eastern tropical Pacific has been more than 0.5 C warmer than in the previous decades" I have also got some material which explains why high water temperatures adversely affect coral reefs: "Because reef-building corals are dependant on their plant partners, they need shallow, sunlit waters for photosynthesis to occur most rapidly. These conditions are also essential for the successful deposition of the corallite by the coral polyp. The optimum temperature for this to take place is between 26 C and 27 C (79 F and 81 F). Once the temperature falls below 23 C (73 F) or rises above 29 C (84 F), the rate of calcification rapidly decreases and the forces of erosion overwhelm those of growth and repair. Prolonged temperature changes therefore spell doom for a reef. ... There is another ominous threat to reefs connected with rising sea temperatures that has recently come to light. Coral colonies have been known to occasionally lose their zooxanthellae. The ability of the zooxanthellae to produce oxygen by photosynthesis increases with temperature. It appears that if the zooxanthellae produce too much oxygen during photosynthesis, then toxic by-products result that are damaging to the tissues of the coral polyp. Thus, the zooxanthellae may be lost through the damaged wall of the polyp back into the ocean. The coral colony turns brilliant white as it now lacks any pigmentation. The process is known as coral bleaching. Close inspection of a bleached coral colony at night will reveal that coral polyps are still present, but transparent. Such a coral may recover by obtaining new zooxanthellae from the surrounding water but it is more likely, however, that it will die. Outbreaks of coral bleaching have been recorded world-wide and cover enormous tracts of reef. At least three major occurrances since 1979 have been reported by researchers. Particularly alarming is the fact that episodes of bleaching coincide with either the hottest season for that area, or unusually hot conditions due to other factors." - Reef, pp 31 & 58-59, Jeremy Stafford-Deitsch, Headline 1991. So unusually high temperatures have two effects on corals. At temperatures above 29 C corals growth is no longer fast enough to keep up with erosion, and at temperatures substantially higher than the coral is used to, oxygen damage and coral bleaching occur. Recent research has confirmed that high water temperatures are the primary cause of coral bleaching: "Major outbreaks of "bleaching" of coral reefs in the past decade were almost always caused by unusually high sea temperatures, probably linked to global warming, according to the first global study of the phenomenon. ... Goreau, who is president of the Global Coral Reef Alliance, and his colleague, Raymond Hayes, former chairman of marine sciences at the University of the Virgin Islands, discerned a rising tide of coral bleaching between 1983 and 1991. They compared its incidence with satellite data on average ocean temperatures (Ambio, vol 23, p176). In 1983, coral was bleached throughout the Pacific, from the Java Sea to Costa Rica. Bleaching was widespread in the Caribbean in 1987, and recurred every year until 1990 - a year of record temperatures and bleaching in the Gulf region of Oman. Bleaching was again widespread in the Pacific in 1991, from Thailand to Polynesia. Bleaching occurs in all waters, from the warmest that can sustain coral reefs to the coldest. Goreau and Hayes found that the effect is triggered not by any specific temperature, but by anomalous warming locally. Bleaching invariably followed the warmest period ever recorded in an area. The threshold appeared to be a monthly mean more than 1 C higher than the long-term average. "Above [that temperature] bleaching always took place," say the researchers, "and below it did not." Most bleaching in the Pacific occurred in 1983, 1987 and 1991, when changes in ocean circulation - known as El Nino events - caused warmer water than usual to spread across the tropical Pacific. However, El Nino is unlikely to have caused the bleaching in the Caribbean, where the two researchers say that a strong warming trend persisted throughout the 1980s." - A paler shade of coral... New Scientist 11/6/94, p19. I have been collecting the CAC ENSO indices for the last year and a bit. These include the monthly average temperatures for various sectors of the Pacific. Here are the Nino 4 and Ship Track 6 figures which refer to temperatures in the equatorial Pacific. Anomaly SST(C) mar 94 Nino 4 0.2 (28.3) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (28.4) apr 94 Nino 4 0.3 (28.6) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (28.5) may 94 Nino 4 0.6 (29.1) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (29.0) Jun 94 Nino 4 0.6 (29.1) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (29.0) Jul 94 Nino 4 1.0 (29.4) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (29.3) Aug 94 Nino 4 1.0 (29.4) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.1 (29.4) sep 94 Nino 4 1.0 (29.3) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.6 (29.7) oct 94 Nino 4 1.1 (29.4) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.5 (29.6) nov 94 Nino 4 1.2 (29.5) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.5 (29.8) Dec 94 Nino 4 1.3 (29.5) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.9 (30.1) (the procedure for calculating the indices was changed at this point) Jan 95 Nino 4 1.1 (29.2) Feb 95 Nino 4 1.0 (29.0) Mar 95 Nino 4 0.2 (28.3) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (28.4) Apr 95 Nino 4 0.5 (28.8) Ship Track 6 0.5 (28.9) May 95 Nino 4 0.5 (29.1) Ship Track 6 0.5 (29.2) >From these figures you can see that 29 C was exceeded for most of the period covered, and for several months the temperature anomaly was greater than 1 C. >From here it would appear that the "global warming hypothesis" (your words not mine) has a lot going for it. > The idea that Acropora species are endangered by a combination of > factors that synergistically damage this genus is more convincing to me. For scientific or aesthetic reasons? > What about A reticularis and A hyacinthus in trhe Pacific? Judging by the figures above, I would imagine that they are in pretty bad shape. Anyone care to comment? > Bu the way, in Florida I am not so sure that A cervicornis is > threatened more than palmata, but no studies, just observation. Thanks to > all who posted on this subject. > > > Ray McAllister, Prof (Emeritus) Ocean Eng., FAU, Boca Raton, FL 33064 > Diving Dinosaur, Geologist/Oceanographer/Ocean Engineer, 43 years SCUBA > mcallist@gate.net (305) 426-0808, Author Diving Locations, Boynton/Dania > > > -- Hugh Easton From hendee@wave Thu Jun 22 13:48:04 1995 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 13:48:03 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: Welcome to the Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server! The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring throughout the world. Appropriate subjects for discussion might include: o bleaching events o outbreaks of coral diseases o high predation on coral reefs o environmental monitoring sites o incidences of coral spawnings o shipwrecks on reefs o international meetings and symposia o funding opportunities o job openings in coral research o marine sanctuary news o new coral-related publications o announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology o coral health initiatives o new and historical data availability o controversial topics in coral reef ecology o recent reports on coral research o new coral-related journals -- To Subscribe to the List -- Since you just got this message, you are already subscribed to the list! However, if you wish to instruct others how to subscribe to the list, have them send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: subscribe coral-list -- To Un-Subscribe from the List -- To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" -- To Post a Comment or Announcement -- To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or announcements to coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov. The message will be circulated to all members of the list. The members may respond to you directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read. -- Help -- To see a list of the functions and services available from the list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: help -- Problems -- If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to drop a line to: hendee@aoml.erl.gov. We hope you enjoy the list! Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee Louis Florit Philippe Dubosq From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 17:38:32 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA03028; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 17:36:27 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA17541; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 21:35:26 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id RAA17536; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 17:35:23 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id RAA03012; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 17:35:19 -0400 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 17:35:19 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: Herschel Hochman cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: remote sensing In-Reply-To: <199506222003.QAA10085@carbon.marine.usf.edu> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Yes, because we realize the importance of remote sensing, we have included daily AVHRR satellite images of the Florida Keys Nationall Marine Sanctuary region at our Coral Health and Monitoring Home Page, http://coral.aoml.erl.gov. We still need a little work on the color, but that should be corrected soon. Jim Hendee On Thu, 22 Jun 1995, Herschel Hochman wrote: > Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 16:03:45 -0400 > From: Herschel Hochman > To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov > Cc: val@carbon.marine.usf.edu > Subject: remote sensing > > An important topic and one which is may become a valued resource is > remote sensing as applied to reef ecology. As optical sensors become > more sophisticated and more spectral bands are added to the sensors, > satellites and airplane overflights will be able to detect > differences in patterns created by the changing reef as well as the > overlying water color. There is probably significant work going on > in this area as we speak. > > Herschel Hochman > From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 22:01:00 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA08182; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 21:56:29 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id BAA17918; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 01:55:14 GMT Received: from groper.jcu.edu.au by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id VAA17913; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 21:55:10 -0400 From: brian_lassig@ccmail.gbrmpa.gov.au Received: from gbrmpa.gov.au (solwarra.gbrmpa.gov.au) by groper.jcu.edu.au with SMTP id AA22503 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Fri, 23 Jun 1995 11:55:03 +1000 Received: from ccmail.gbrmpa.gov.au by gbrmpa.gov.au (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA27151; Fri, 23 Jun 95 11:56:44 +10 Received: from cc:Mail by ccmail.gbrmpa.gov.au id AA803871610 Fri, 23 Jun 95 11:40:10 EST Date: Fri, 23 Jun 95 11:40:10 EST Encoding: 962 Text Message-Id: <9505238038.AA803871610@ccmail.gbrmpa.gov.au> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Crown-of-thorns Starfish Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: In the last 18 months I have received reports of increasing crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) numbers on quite a few Indo-Pacific reefs from South Africa, Red Sea, Cocos (Keelings), northern Great Barrier Reef, Malaysia, Indonesia, Fiji, Phillipines, Solomons and Samoa. Most of the reports are qualitative, but a number of the population increases are sufficiently large to cause local concern and warrant control efforts by managers and tourism operators. The apparent synchrony of these population increases across oceanic scales is interesting in terms of outbreak causality. More detailed quantitative information on the current (and historical) status of COTS populations in the Indo-Pacific region would be extremely useful. Any such information gratefully received. Brian Lassig COTS Program Coordinator, GBRMPA brianl@gbrmpa.gov.au From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 15:29:03 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA29080; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:26:04 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA17246; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 19:23:02 GMT Received: from bishop.bishop.Hawaii.Org by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id PAA17241; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:22:59 -0400 Received: by bishop.bishop.Hawaii.Org (AIX 3.2/UCB 5.64/4.03) id AA13727; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 09:10:59 -1000 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 09:08:01 +22305714 (HST) From: Pacific Science Assn Subject: Researchers Directory To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Update of Coral Reef Researchers Directory The Directory of Coral Reef Researchers of the Pacific is being updated to be world-wide in scope. The International Coral Reef Initiative and the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme are providing funds to support this effort. All researchers who have previously been contacted will receive a copy of the current entry for verification and e-mail address addition. Additional researchers will receive original questionnaires. Since questionnaires will be sent out in July and August of this year, a final draft is anticipated to be completed by the time of the International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama in June 1996. In addition, it is planned to have this directory on an internet gopher. For further information contact: L. G. Eldredge, Pacific Science Association, P.O. Box 17801, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 [TEL (808) 848-4139; FAX (808) 847-8252; Internet: psa@bishop.bishop.hawaii.org] From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 14:57:15 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA28140; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 14:54:59 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA17081; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 18:53:34 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id OAA17076; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 14:53:30 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id OAA28009; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 14:53:28 -0400 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 14:53:27 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: ENCORE Experiment Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following was received from Professor Tony Larkum (alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au) for inclusion in the Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server: ============================================================== "ENCORE, The Effect of Nutrient Enrichment of Coral Reefs and the Programme of Prof Larkum (School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney). The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen pouring onto the Great Barrier Reef from rivers and drainage off the land is now ten fold what it was fifty years ago. The major source is intensive agriculture with lesser contributions from sewage effluent and industry/urbanisation. In other parts of the world coral reefs have been degraded by effluent from such sources. Nutrients are high on the list of agents which may have caused this effect. The conventional thinking is that natural algae grow faster in the presence of added nutrients (N+P) and that they then overgrow and smother the coral and other animals of a typical coral reef leading eventually to the disappearance of coral and the formation of an algal reef. There is no consensus at the moment that the increased levels of nutrient (N+P) on the Great Barrier Reef are at levels that may cause concern or even that nutrients are the causal agent in decline of coral reefs elsewhere, eg Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii; Philippines, Thailand. Nevertheless nutrients must be building up in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon and this poses a potential threat to the GBR and its $1.4 billion contribution to the Gross Nationa Product. To answer the questions arising from the previous discussion an in situ reef fertilisation experiment is being undertaken on the Australian Great Barrier Reef (at One Tree Island), to investigate the response of coral reefs to nutrient enrichment. This experiment, known as ENCORE, was designed by Prof Larkum (University of Sydney) and Mr. Andy Steven (GBRMPA) to quantify the fate of nitrogen and phosphorus within a coral reef, and compare their impact on a variety of coral reef organisms. Coordinated by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville (GBRMPA), 30 scientists from 8 Australian and 3 overseas organisations are undertaking research encompassing cellular through to community level responses. This research will provide a scientific basis for developing appropriate water quality management strategies in coral reef environments, and may identify a number of sub-lethal indicators of nutrient stress. Nine robots have been built and deployed in natural shallow pools (microatolls) in the main lagoon at One Tree Reef. At each low tide these robots squirt a dose of pollution (N or P or N+P) into the pool. The following organisms are being studied in detail: a range of typical corals, clams, sponges, fish, bacteria, and algae. The results to the present time are surprising in that they show a direct effect on coral growth and reproduction and on the growth of clams. Most surprising is the lack of effect on the microscopic algae which are generally considered to feed the animals of the reef. It seems that under the conditions at One Tree (and maybe generally on coral reefs) they are not limited by nutrients. The rates of primary production that have been measured are at the upper range for any known alga and therefore it is likely that the algae are limited by inorganic carbon supply rather than by nutrients. Nutrient recycling within the epilithic algal community is probably adequate to supply the N and P needs of these algae. Addition of nutrients to these algae in tanks has not increased primary productivity. Protection of the algae from grazing has also not enhanced productivity - supporting the contention that the algae are limited by carbon supply. In the longer term the biomass and possibly the primary productivity are limited by grazing, particularly by grazing fish. However the levels of nutrients that have been discharged into the pools over the last year are very low. As a result it has been decided to treble the loading in 1995. Under these conditions (the same concentration as before but delivered in three injections 30 min apart) it is expected that there will be a response of the microscopic algae in the form of a community shift whereby certain green algae will dominate and grow excessively. However this has to be put to the test. Funding for ENCORE is at two levels. The GBRMPA (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority) funds the infrastructure of the project and supports a minimal amount of research. Individual researchers are mainly dependent therefore on grants that they can attract from funding bodies. Prof. Larkum had an Australian Research Council grant for his work from 1992-94. Detailed Results on the algae to the present time The algae referred to as EAC are the epilithic algal community (which we study on year-old dead Porites blocks). These have shown no response in any of the experimental atolls to added nutrients. At first we thought that this was due to the effect of severe grazing, but we found the same effect when we caged the blocks for two weeks. We then thought that the levels of added nutrients might be so low that this was the reason for no effect. So we bathed the blocks in ten-fold nutrient concentrations for 24-48 hours. This was done both with our respirometers and the "Cheshire" respirometer. Still we got no effect. So we have to conclude that the EAC is not nutrient limited in the lagoon at One Tree. (We have repeated this at several seasons so it is not a seasonal effect -although Hatcher and Larkum 1983 did detect a small effect in Spring, and it is possible that this does occur and we missed it). No inhibition of growth of crustose coralline algae - Lithothamnion and Lithophyllum spp. has been found. My group has not been studying the macroalgae. These are not common inside the microatolls but do occur on the outside rims of the microatolls - particularly at the moment Laurencia spp. Ed Drew and Bill Dennison have been studying effects of nutrients on these. Bill claims to have found a definite stimulation of growth and Ed a non-statistical stimulation. Note that this update has concentrated on the free-living micro- and macro-algae. Of course, corals and many other animals of coral reefs, have symbiotic zooxanthellae. We are not studying these algae, but many other workers are and particularly Drs. Ove Hoegh-Guldberg and Assoc. Prof. D. Yellowlees of the ENCORE Project. In general past work seems to suggest that increased nitrogen causes an increased gowth of the zooxanthellae. This increased growth may adversely affect the growth of corals. Current research in the ENCORE Project is directed towards testing this hypothesis Reference. Larkum, A.W.D. and Steven, A.D.L 1994. ENCORE (The effect of nutrient enrichment on a coral reef). 1. Experimental design and research programme. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 29, 112-120 A.W.D. Larkum Professor of Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 tel (02) 351 2069 fax (02) 351 4771 email alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au" Prof Tony Larkum Sydney University alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au Ph (02) 692 2069 Fax (02) 692 4771 From hendee@wave Sat Jun 21 08:46:50 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA26154 for <@WAVE.AOML.ERL.GOV:hendee@AOML.ERL.GOV>; Wed, 21 Jun 1995 08:46:50 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id MAA13354; Wed, 21 Jun 1995 12:46:50 GMT Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 12:46:50 GMT Message-Id: <199506211246.MAA13354@reef.aoml.erl.gov> To: hendee@AOML.ERL.GOV From: majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Welcome to coral_reef_list Reply-To: majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov Status: RO X-Status: A -- Welcome to the coral_reef_list mailing list! If you ever want to remove yourself from this mailing list, you can send mail to "majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov" with the following command in the body of your email message: unsubscribe coral_reef_list "James C. Hendee" Here's the general information for the list you've subscribed to, in case you don't already have it: The Coral Reef Health and Monitoring Mailing List Server The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring project is to provide near-real time data products related to coral health to coral reef scientists and to the general public. This mailing list server is intended to allow individuals to participate in ongoing discussions, to ease the dissimination of relevant information through e-mail facilities. From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 14:05:40 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA26488; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 13:58:58 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA16798; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 17:48:07 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id NAA16793; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 13:48:05 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id NAA26234; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 13:48:03 -0400 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 13:48:03 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Welcome to the Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server! The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring throughout the world. Appropriate subjects for discussion might include: o bleaching events o outbreaks of coral diseases o high predation on coral reefs o environmental monitoring sites o incidences of coral spawnings o shipwrecks on reefs o international meetings and symposia o funding opportunities o job openings in coral research o marine sanctuary news o new coral-related publications o announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology o coral health initiatives o new and historical data availability o controversial topics in coral reef ecology o recent reports on coral research o new coral-related journals -- To Subscribe to the List -- Since you just got this message, you are already subscribed to the list! However, if you wish to instruct others how to subscribe to the list, have them send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: subscribe coral-list -- To Un-Subscribe from the List -- To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" -- To Post a Comment or Announcement -- To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or announcements to coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov. The message will be circulated to all members of the list. The members may respond to you directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read. -- Help -- To see a list of the functions and services available from the list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: help -- Problems -- If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to drop a line to: hendee@aoml.erl.gov. We hope you enjoy the list! Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee Louis Florit Philippe Dubosq From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 15:06:55 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA28298; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:00:31 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA17142; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 19:00:16 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id PAA17137; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:00:14 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id PAA28289; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:00:12 -0400 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:00:12 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Ocean Warming and Coral Health Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following was originally posted under the news group sci.geo.oceanography by Dr. Hugh Easton in response to Dr. Ray McAllister, and is re-posted here for information and comment. ============================================== In article mcallist@gate.net "Ray McAllister" writes: > Josh, your analysis is much more believable to me than the global warming > hypothesis. So far we have no definitive evidence for ocean warming and > may have to wait till ATOC to get anytrhing dependable. That is no longer true, at least according to an article, "Drying out the tropics", in the 6 May issue of New Scientist. Apparently there has been a recent shift in thinking among climatologists about the stability of tropical climates. More importantly for the purposes of our discussion, substantial warming has been measured in tropical oceans. "The 1980's were the warmest decade on record, and this was primarily because temperatures rose in the tropics. ... The tropical ocean temperatures were between 0.25 and 0.75 C warmer [from 1981 to 1990] compared with 1951 to 1980. Since 1976, the eastern tropical Pacific has been more than 0.5 C warmer than in the previous decades" I have also got some material which explains why high water temperatures adversely affect coral reefs: "Because reef-building corals are dependant on their plant partners, they need shallow, sunlit waters for photosynthesis to occur most rapidly. These conditions are also essential for the successful deposition of the corallite by the coral polyp. The optimum temperature for this to take place is between 26 C and 27 C (79 F and 81 F). Once the temperature falls below 23 C (73 F) or rises above 29 C (84 F), the rate of calcification rapidly decreases and the forces of erosion overwhelm those of growth and repair. Prolonged temperature changes therefore spell doom for a reef. ... There is another ominous threat to reefs connected with rising sea temperatures that has recently come to light. Coral colonies have been known to occasionally lose their zooxanthellae. The ability of the zooxanthellae to produce oxygen by photosynthesis increases with temperature. It appears that if the zooxanthellae produce too much oxygen during photosynthesis, then toxic by-products result that are damaging to the tissues of the coral polyp. Thus, the zooxanthellae may be lost through the damaged wall of the polyp back into the ocean. The coral colony turns brilliant white as it now lacks any pigmentation. The process is known as coral bleaching. Close inspection of a bleached coral colony at night will reveal that coral polyps are still present, but transparent. Such a coral may recover by obtaining new zooxanthellae from the surrounding water but it is more likely, however, that it will die. Outbreaks of coral bleaching have been recorded world-wide and cover enormous tracts of reef. At least three major occurrances since 1979 have been reported by researchers. Particularly alarming is the fact that episodes of bleaching coincide with either the hottest season for that area, or unusually hot conditions due to other factors." - Reef, pp 31 & 58-59, Jeremy Stafford-Deitsch, Headline 1991. So unusually high temperatures have two effects on corals. At temperatures above 29 C corals growth is no longer fast enough to keep up with erosion, and at temperatures substantially higher than the coral is used to, oxygen damage and coral bleaching occur. Recent research has confirmed that high water temperatures are the primary cause of coral bleaching: "Major outbreaks of "bleaching" of coral reefs in the past decade were almost always caused by unusually high sea temperatures, probably linked to global warming, according to the first global study of the phenomenon. ... Goreau, who is president of the Global Coral Reef Alliance, and his colleague, Raymond Hayes, former chairman of marine sciences at the University of the Virgin Islands, discerned a rising tide of coral bleaching between 1983 and 1991. They compared its incidence with satellite data on average ocean temperatures (Ambio, vol 23, p176). In 1983, coral was bleached throughout the Pacific, from the Java Sea to Costa Rica. Bleaching was widespread in the Caribbean in 1987, and recurred every year until 1990 - a year of record temperatures and bleaching in the Gulf region of Oman. Bleaching was again widespread in the Pacific in 1991, from Thailand to Polynesia. Bleaching occurs in all waters, from the warmest that can sustain coral reefs to the coldest. Goreau and Hayes found that the effect is triggered not by any specific temperature, but by anomalous warming locally. Bleaching invariably followed the warmest period ever recorded in an area. The threshold appeared to be a monthly mean more than 1 C higher than the long-term average. "Above [that temperature] bleaching always took place," say the researchers, "and below it did not." Most bleaching in the Pacific occurred in 1983, 1987 and 1991, when changes in ocean circulation - known as El Nino events - caused warmer water than usual to spread across the tropical Pacific. However, El Nino is unlikely to have caused the bleaching in the Caribbean, where the two researchers say that a strong warming trend persisted throughout the 1980s." - A paler shade of coral... New Scientist 11/6/94, p19. I have been collecting the CAC ENSO indices for the last year and a bit. These include the monthly average temperatures for various sectors of the Pacific. Here are the Nino 4 and Ship Track 6 figures which refer to temperatures in the equatorial Pacific. Anomaly SST(C) mar 94 Nino 4 0.2 (28.3) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (28.4) apr 94 Nino 4 0.3 (28.6) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (28.5) may 94 Nino 4 0.6 (29.1) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (29.0) Jun 94 Nino 4 0.6 (29.1) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (29.0) Jul 94 Nino 4 1.0 (29.4) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (29.3) Aug 94 Nino 4 1.0 (29.4) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.1 (29.4) sep 94 Nino 4 1.0 (29.3) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.6 (29.7) oct 94 Nino 4 1.1 (29.4) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.5 (29.6) nov 94 Nino 4 1.2 (29.5) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.5 (29.8) Dec 94 Nino 4 1.3 (29.5) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) 1.9 (30.1) (the procedure for calculating the indices was changed at this point) Jan 95 Nino 4 1.1 (29.2) Feb 95 Nino 4 1.0 (29.0) Mar 95 Nino 4 0.2 (28.3) Ship Track 6 (Hawaii-Fiji) (28.4) Apr 95 Nino 4 0.5 (28.8) Ship Track 6 0.5 (28.9) May 95 Nino 4 0.5 (29.1) Ship Track 6 0.5 (29.2) >From these figures you can see that 29 C was exceeded for most of the period covered, and for several months the temperature anomaly was greater than 1 C. >From here it would appear that the "global warming hypothesis" (your words not mine) has a lot going for it. > The idea that Acropora species are endangered by a combination of > factors that synergistically damage this genus is more convincing to me. For scientific or aesthetic reasons? > What about A reticularis and A hyacinthus in trhe Pacific? Judging by the figures above, I would imagine that they are in pretty bad shape. Anyone care to comment? > Bu the way, in Florida I am not so sure that A cervicornis is > threatened more than palmata, but no studies, just observation. Thanks to > all who posted on this subject. > > > Ray McAllister, Prof (Emeritus) Ocean Eng., FAU, Boca Raton, FL 33064 > Diving Dinosaur, Geologist/Oceanographer/Ocean Engineer, 43 years SCUBA > mcallist@gate.net (305) 426-0808, Author Diving Locations, Boynton/Dania > > > -- Hugh Easton From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 15:08:54 1995 Received: from localhost (florit@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id PAA28520; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:08:53 - 0400 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 15:08:53 -0400 (EDT) From: Louis Florit To: "James C. Hendee" cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: replying to keep the discussion going In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: As a side note to all the coral-list subscribers- When you reply to a post, reply to all recipients, so that all the list also gets the reply and others can comment on your post. Lou Louis Florit Tel: (305)361-4293 U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA / AOML 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, FL 33149 From hendee@wave Sun Jun 22 16:05:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA00217; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 16:04:23 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id UAA17303; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 20:03:14 GMT Received: from carbon.marine.usf.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id QAA17298; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 16:03:11 -0400 Received: (val@localhost) by carbon.marine.usf.edu (8.6.10/8.6.5) id QAA10085; Thu, 22 Jun 1995 16:03:45 -0400 Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 16:03:45 -0400 From: Herschel Hochman Message-Id: <199506222003.QAA10085@carbon.marine.usf.edu> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: remote sensing Cc: val@carbon.marine.usf.edu Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A An important topic and one which is may become a valued resource is remote sensing as applied to reef ecology. As optical sensors become more sophisticated and more spectral bands are added to the sensors, satellites and airplane overflights will be able to detect differences in patterns created by the changing reef as well as the overlying water color. There is probably significant work going on in this area as we speak. Herschel Hochman From hendee@wave Mon Jun 23 11:35:39 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA13224; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 11:32:45 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA18844; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 15:30:53 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id LAA18839; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 11:30:45 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id LAA13150; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 11:30:43 - 0400 Date: Fri, 23 Jun 1995 11:30:42 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Daily C-MAN data availability Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Meteorlogical and oceanographic data are now available daily from the National Data Buoy Center's C-MAN (Coastal-Marine Automated Network) stations in the Florida Keys, via our Coral Health and Monitoring Home Page at: (http://coral.aoml.erl.gov) The data will be posted at approximately 4:45 am EST (USA) every morning, and will contain data for every hour on the hour, for the previous 72 hours. The sites covered are: Fowey Rocks Molasses Reef Sombrero Key Long Key Sand Key Dry Tortugas The C-MAN bulletins have the most common parameters listed; however, we will soon be re-configuring the bulletins to include more data, for instance, relative tide level. The Florida Keys C-MAN buoys have been enhanced for oceanographic data collection (salinity, sea temperatures at different depths, and photosynthetically active radiation) by the Florida Institute of Oceanography (FIO). Standard meteorological parameters measured inlcude air temperature, wind speed and direction, wind gusts, and barometric pressure. These sites are maintained by Chris Humphrey and John Dotten at FIO's Keys Marine Laboratory on Long Key in the Florida Keys. You may contact them directly at (305) 664-9101, if you wish more information concerning the C-MAN stations. Other sites posted are: Conch Reef Wave Buoy (in the Florida Keys) Settlement Point, Grand Bahama Island Micronesia (Eniwetok, Kosrea, Mili and Ulithi Atoll) Please be advised that these oceanographic data are PREMLIMINARY data and have not been screened for accuracy. NOAA and FIO can not be held liable for use of these data in a manner other than for perusal of preliminary oceanographic data for scientific research on coral reefs. Historical data from the C-MAN stations will soon be made available. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. Many thanks for your interest. Jim Hendee +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | James C. Hendee | Internet: hendee@aoml.erl.gov | | Coral Health and | | | Monitoring Program | Voice: 305 361-4380 | | Ocean Chemistry Division | Fax: 305 361-4582 | | NOAA/AOML | COASTAL RBBS: 305 361-4524 | | 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway | | | Miami, FL 33149-1026 | http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ From hendee@wave Mon Jun 23 17:16:05 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA23866; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 17:14:19 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA20035; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 21:09:21 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id RAA20030; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 17:09:18 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id RAA22540; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 17:09:15 - 0400 Date: Fri, 23 Jun 1995 17:09:14 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Lowered salinity in Florida Bay Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Those of you studying the influence of high salinity and high temperature water from Florida Bay on the survival of coral reefs along the Florida Straits may find it interesting to follow the salinities and temperatures reported from the Long Key C-MAN station (the only station in Florida Bay) and those on the oceanic side of the Florida Keys, such as Molasses Reef, Sombrero Reef, Sand Key and Dry Tortugas over the next couple of days. There has been over 11 inches of rain fallen over south Florida, the Everglades and Florida Bay over the last 72 hours, and the salinities have dropped in Florida Bay correspondingly. There may be a drop in salinities on the oceanic side, maybe not. Any unusual biological events witnessed by divers, boaters or scientists (!) in the area would be of value. Current C-MAN postings may be followed at http://coral.aoml.erl.gov/cman/cman_menu.html if you're interested. Historical oceanographic data for the region will be available soon. These data will contain, for some stations, salinities and temperatures at 1 meter, 2 meters and 3 meters deep. Jim Hendee (hendee@coral.aoml.erl.gov) From hendee@wave Mon Jun 23 17:07:42 1995 Received: from uog9.uog.edu (UOG9.UOG.EDU [192.149.202.9]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with SMTP id RAA22128 for ; Fri, 23 Jun 1995 17:07:39 -0400 Received: by uog9.uog.edu (5.65/DEC-Ultrix/4.3) id AA06701; Sat, 24 Jun 1995 07:12:18 GMT Date: Sat, 24 Jun 1995 07:12:17 +0000 (WET) From: Charles Evans Birkeland Subject: Re: Coral Health and Monitoring List-Server To: "James C. Hendee" In-Reply-To: Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: A Dear Dr. Hendee: Thanks for including me on your mailing list. I am sharing all the ino with my colleagues at the marine lab in Guam. Sincerely, Chuck Birkeland From hendee@wave Thu Jun 26 10:45:16 1995 Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu (jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu [198.116.54.30]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA23305 for ; Mon, 26 Jun 1995 10:45:15 -0400 Received: (from jogden@localhost) by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.6.11/8.6.11) id KAA02777; Mon, 26 Jun 1995 10:48:31 -0400 Date: Mon, 26 Jun 1995 10:48:31 -0400 (EDT) From: John Ogden To: "James C. Hendee" cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov, Dean Milliken , Sandy Vargo Subject: Re: Lowered salinity in Florida Bay In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: A All of you who find the data from the Keys C-MAN stations useful, please let us know. We are in an end game to save the stations and need all of the arguments that we can muster. John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 From hendee@wave Sat Jun 28 07:52:59 1995 Received: from coral.aoml.erl.gov (coral.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.19]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with SMTP id HAA02728 for ; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 07:52:59 -0400 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov by coral.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (931110.SGI/930416.SGI) for hendee@wave.aoml.erl.gov id AA01843; Wed, 28 Jun 95 07:52:59 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id LAA25841; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 11:50:59 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id HAA25836; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 07:50:57 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id HAA02582; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 07:50:55 -0400 Date: Wed, 28 Jun 1995 07:50:55 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Health Abstracts Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Greetings, Perci Greenberg has re-constructed our Coral Health literature abstracts compendium to include indexing by subject (e.g., coral bleaching, black-band disease, etc.), as well as by author. You may visit the page at URL: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov/bib/abstracts2.html if you're interested. Please note that we need to update the abstracts for more recent literature, so if you have published any papers on coral health and would like your abstracts cited, please forward them to us at your convenience. Many thanks. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | James C. Hendee | Internet: hendee@aoml.erl.gov | | Coral Health and | | | Monitoring Program | Voice: 305 361-4380 | | Ocean Chemistry Division | Fax: 305 361-4582 | | NOAA/AOML | COASTAL RBBS: 305 361-4524 | | 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway | | | Miami, FL 33149-1026 | http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ From hendee@manoa Sat Jun 28 10:07:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA06276; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 10:02:23 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA26121; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 14:01:32 GMT Received: from is1.hk.super.net by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id KAA26116; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 10:01:25 -0400 From: gregorh@hk.super.net Received: from 202.64.10.2 (slip145.hk.super.net) by is1.hk.super.net with SMTP id AA02254 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Wed, 28 Jun 1995 22:01:13 +0800 Date: Wed, 28 Jun 1995 22:01:13 +0800 Message-Id: <199506281401.AA02254@is1.hk.super.net> Subject: Another unusual year in Asia To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Mailer: AIR Mail 3.X (SPRY, Inc.) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Last year in Hong Kong and southern China, we had a 100 year record rainfall and flooding of the Pearl River. Through a complex pathway, this resulted in a major hypoxia event that killed most hard corals below about 3 m depth in coastal embayments. The documented area affected exceeds 200 sq kilometres. This summer, we have had a 100 year record dry May. The lack of clouds and rain has undoubtedly helped to warm up the sea in this part of Asia. Large sharks, very uncommon in Hong Kong, have come in close to shore and there have been three fatal shark attacks within two weeks. The southwest monsoon rains have finally arrived and it will be interesting to see if we have a repeat hypoxia and mass mortality event again in July. Gregor Hodgson Binnie Consultants Ltd Hong Kong Fax (852) 2601-3331 e-mail gregorh@hk.super.net From hendee@wave Sat Jun 28 15:45:41 1995 Received: from manoa (manoa.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.3]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with SMTP id PAA06257 for ; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 15:45:41 -0400 From: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu Received: from umigw.rsmas.miami.edu by manoa; (5.65/1.1.8.2/04Nov94-8.2MPM) id AA01322; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 15:45:42 -0400 Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.19]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id PAA23881 for ; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 15:45:40 -0400 Date: Wed, 28 Jun 1995 15:45:40 -0400 Message-Id: <199506281945.PAA23881@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: szmant@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: "James C. Hendee" Subject: PAR data Status: RO X-Status: A Jim: Thanks for your help with the PAR data. Is there anything we can do to help get it together? I have a question about the units of measurement of the PAR (surface) data that are included in the in your page C-man data sets: the values seem low if they are uEin /m2/sec (full sunlight is >2000 with a flat cosine collector). Do you know what kind of sensor they are (spherical or cosine; sperical values are usually even higher than cosine) and whether the units are in quanta, Watts etc? Again, thanks, Alina ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant RSMAS-MBF, University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami FL 33149 Tel: (305)361-4609 FAX: (305)361-4600 e-mail: ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU **************************************************************** From hendee@wave Sat Jun 28 17:39:44 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA09125; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 17:38:04 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA26859; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 21:34:23 GMT Received: from noc.belwue.de by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id RAA26854; Wed, 28 Jun 1995 17:34:12 -0400 Received: from [129.69.31.31] (rusxppp31.rus.uni-stuttgart.de [129.69.31.31]) by noc.belwue.de with SMTP id XAA24847 (8.6.12/IDA-1.6 for ); Wed, 28 Jun 1995 23:33:59 +0200 Date: Wed, 28 Jun 1995 23:33:59 +0200 X-Sender: iaal@po.uni-stuttgart.de (Unverified) Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de (Reinhold Leinfelder) Subject: Reefs and Silics Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: CALL FOR PRESENTATION ON EFFECTS/ECOLOGIC ADAPTIONS OF REEF ORGANISMS TO TERRIGENEOUS INFLUX AT 'REEFS AND SILICS' ON OCCASION OF THE 8TH ICRS IN PANAMA 96 All of you are aware of the 8th ICRS next June in Panama. Some of you might have noticed that Bob Ginsburg and myself are preparing a session/subsymposium on "Reefs and Carbonate Platforms within Siliciclastic Settings. Modern and Ancient" on this occasion. We are trying to integrate geological and ecological aspects as well as linking ancient and modern examples. Response for our call for presentations was great regarding modern case studies in a more geological context. We could need some additional examples on fossil counterparts as well as on ECOLOGIC STUDIES ON MODERN OR ANCIENT REEF ORGANISMS. How do the corals and other organisms react on elevated sedimentation rates, elevated nutrients? In which way do communities shift? Would anything of this be noticeable in the fossil record (functional morphology?). To our knowledge, Hubbard 1973 and Hubbard & Pocock 1972, are still the most frequently cited publications. We are however certain that a lot of additional information particularly among reef biologists is available. Biologists, how about contributing with your knowledge to the better understanding of both modern and ancient reefs? If you are ready to present a poster or talk at the "reef and silics" session, please contact one of us at your earliest convenience. Reinhold Leinfelder, Stuttgart, Germany Robert Ginsburg, Miami, USA ******************************************* Reinhold Leinfelder Institut fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie der Universitaet Stuttgart Herdweg 51 D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany e-mail: reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de phone: ++49-711-1211340 fax: ++49-711-1211341 From hendee@wave Sun Jun 29 08:34:52 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA15759; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 08:32:07 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA27748; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 12:30:29 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id IAA27743; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 08:30:26 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id IAA15731; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 08:30:25 - 0400 Date: Thu, 29 Jun 1995 08:30:24 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Reef Research Institue Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following was forwarded to me from Dr. Ove Hoegh-Guldberg for inclusion in the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server. ====================== Dear James, We have just formed the Coral Reef Research Institute at the University of Sydney. The aim of this research institute is to link up university and allied researchers into a framework that can provide support and direction to programs specifically aimed at helping promoting research, education andawareness of problems facing coral reefs worldwide. The primary focus of this institute in the beginning will be southern Great Barrier Reef and western Pacific coral reef realms but it is hoped that the CRRI will be ableto link with international efforts such as yours. If you have any questions, please contact me immediately. Regards, Ove RESEARCH INSTITUTE LAUNCHED TO SECURE FUTURE OF CORAL REEFS Sydney, NSW, Monday July 3, 1995 University of Sydney, in association with the Central Queensland University, will launch the Coral Reef Research Institute (CRRI). This new institute is aimed at promoting education, research and conservation of coral reefs and will be launched during the opening of the annual Australian Marine Science Association meetings at University of Technology, Sydney on Monday, July 3. Renown diver, photographer and marine conservationist, Valorie Taylor, will offcially launch the new institute. The new institute has attracted some major scientists and scholars to its advisory council such as Sir David Attenborough, Robyn Williams, Professor Frank Talbot and Professor Michael Pitman (Chief Scientist of Australia), and is borne of concern for the declining health of the world's coral reefs. Increased nutrient levels and sediments in the waters surrounding coral reefs have been identified as major contributors to the decline of coral reefs. One of the prinicple assets of the new institute is the One Tree Island Research Station located at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef. This research station along with its sister stations on Lizard, Heron and Orpheus Islands has played a key role in identifying the problems and solutions to the management of coral reefs. The effective management of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park has been reliant on quantifiable scientific evidence. Over the past 30 or so years, much of this valuable research has been undertaken on One Tree Island. One Tree Island Research Station is the only research facility that is wholly located within an exclusive Scientific Research Zone. This means its has vital significance as a sentinel of coral reef change occurring as a result of reef-associated human activities. The Coral Reef Research Instiute will develop and expand this role and is expected to play a leading position in helping to preserve coral reefs, along with GBRMPA, the Australian Institute for Marine Scientists and the Cooperative Research Centre for Ecological Sustainable Development of the Great Barrier Reef in Townsville. Although the new institute has the key support of people such as Sir David Attenborough and Robyn Williams, it is hoping to attract some major sponsors to help pursue its important agenda. ******************** For further information please contact: The University of Sydney - Coral Reef Research Institute Director - Dr. Ove Hoegh-Guldberg - (02) 351-2389, email oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au One Tree Island Deputy Director - Dr. Mike Kingsford - (02) 351 2440 CRRI administration assistant, Brigid McKay - (02) 351-5636, Fax: (02) 351-4119 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Ph: (02) 351-2389 School of Biological Sciences Fax: (02) 351-4119 Building A08 Country code Australia = 61 University of Sydney 2006 NSW Australia ------------------------------------------------------------------------- From hendee@wave Sun Jun 29 12:26:54 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA22289; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 12:20:49 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA28358; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 16:19:26 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id MAA28353; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 12:19:23 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.5/8.6.4) id MAA22267; Thu, 29 Jun 1995 12:19:21 -0400 Date: Thu, 29 Jun 1995 12:19:21 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Molasses Reef historical data Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: National Data Buoy Center quality controlled historical data files for Molasses Reef in the Florida Keys are available for the following dates via our World-Wide Web site at http://coral.aoml.erl.gov/cman/cman_menu.html : Dec 4, 1987 to Dec 31, 1987 Jan 1, 1988 to May 31, 1988 Jun 1, 1988 to Dec 31, 1988 Jan 1, 1989 to Jun 30, 1989 Jul 1, 1989 to Dec 31, 1989 Jan 1, 1990 to Mar 31, 1990 Apr 1, 1990 to Dec 31, 1990 Jan 1, 1991 to Feb 28, 1991 The data represented are barometric pressure, air temperature, sea temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and wind gusts every hour, on the hour, every day. We hope to have historical oceanographic data (other than sea temperature) available from the Florida Institute of Oceanography sensors soon, as well as more recently measured data. Jim Hendee hendee@aoml.erl.gov From hendee@wave Thu Jul 10 10:03:13 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA03863; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 09:56:02 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA17870; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 13:46:44 GMT Received: from aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI.AUTO) for id JAA17865; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 09:46:41 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) id JAA03635; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 09:46:37 -0400 Date: Mon, 10 Jul 1995 09:46:37 -0400 (EDT) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: New abstracts Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I am hoping that circulating new abstracts of coral health research will help keep list members abreast of current research. If you object to this, please let me know. If you have abstracts that are not on our Literatures Abstracts page, and would like them included, please drop a line. If you can send an e-mail message with the information, that would be much more easier to work with than a printed copy. Following are two new abstracts added to the CH&M World-Wide Web Home Page. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | James C. Hendee | Internet: hendee@aoml.erl.gov | | Coral Health and | | | Monitoring Program | Voice: 305 361-4380 | | Ocean Chemistry Division | Fax: 305 361-4582 | | NOAA/AOML | COASTAL RBBS: 305 361-4524 | | 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway | | | Miami, FL 33149-1026 | http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ ======= Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 1994. The uptake of dissolved organic matter by the larval stages of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci. Marine Biology 120:55-63. ABSTRACT. The life-history of the crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) includes a planktotrophic larva that is capable of feeding on particulate food. It has been proposed, however, that particulate food (e.g. microalgae) is scarce in tropical water columns relative to the nutritional requirements of the larvae of A. planci, and that periodic shortages of food play an important role in the biology of this species. It has been also proposed that non-particulate sources of nutrition (e.g. dissolved organic matter, DOM) may fuel part of the nutritional requirements of the larval development of A. planci as well. The present study addresses the ability of A. planci larvae to take up several DOM species and compares rates of DOM uptake to the energy requirements of the larvae. Substrates transported in this study have been previously reported to be transported by larval asteroids from temperate and antarctic waters. Transport rates (per larval A. planci) increased steadily during larval development and some substrates had among the highest mass-specific transport rates ever reported for invertebrate larvae. Transport rates for alanine increased from 15.5 pmol larva-1h-1 (13.2 pmol mg-1h-1) for gastrulas (Jinmax = 38.7 pmol larva-1h-1 or 47.4 pmol mg-1h-1 ) to 35.0 pmol larva-1h-1 (13.1 pmol mg-1h-1) for early brachiolaria (Jinmax just prior to settlement = 350.0 pmol larva-1h-1 or 161.1 pmol mg-1h-1) at 1 mM substrate concentrations. The instantaneous metabolic demand for substrates by gastrula, bipinnaria and brachiolaria stage larvae could be completely satisfied by alanine concentrations of 11 mM, 1.6 mM and 0.8 mM respectively. Similar rates were measured in this study for the essential amino acid leucine, with rates increasing from 11.0 pmol larva-1h-1 (or 9.4 pmol 5g-1h-1) for gastrulas (Jinmax = 110.5 pmol larva-1h-1 or 94.4 pmol 5g-1h-1) to 34.0 pmol larva-1h-1 (or 13.0 pmol mg-1h-1) for late brachiolaria (Jinmax = 288.9 pmol larva-1h-1 or 110.3 pmol 5g-1h-1) at 1 mM substrate concentrations. The essential amino acid histidine was transported at lower rates (1.6 pmol 5g-1h-1 at 1 mM for late brachiolaria). Calculation of the energy contribution of the transported species revealed that larvae of A. planci can potentially satisfy 0.6 %, 18.7%, 29.9% and 3.3% of their total energy requirements (instantaneous energy demand plus energy added to larvae as biomass) during embryonic and larval development from external concentrations of 1 mM of glucose, alanine, leucine and histidine respectively. These data demonstrate that a relatively minor component of the DOM pool in seawater (DFAA) can potentially provide significant amounts of energy for the growth and development of A. planci during larval development. ------------- Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 1994. The population dynamics of symbiotic zooxanthellae in the coral Pocillopora damicornis exposed to elevated ammonia. J. Pacific Science 48: 263-272. ABSTRACT The division synchrony and growth rate of symbiotic zooxanthellae was investigated for populations living in colonies of the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis exposed to different concentrations of NH4Cl in seawater. The presence of low concentrations of NH4Cl (0.2 5M) did not affect (compared to corals growing in NH4+-stripped seawater) either division synchrony or growth rate. Exposure to higher concentrations of NH4Cl (20 mM or 50 5M), however, affected the population dynamics of the zooxanthellae residing in P. damicornis. Zooxanthellae in corals exposed to 20 5M NH4Cl had mitotic indices (the percentage of the total cells dividing) that were two to three times higher than the mitotic indices of zooxanthellae in control (0.2 5M) corals. Although the division of zooxanthellae was still phased in corals exposed to 20 5M NH4Cl, there were many more cells dividing out of phase as compared to control corals. The division of zooxanthellae in corals exposed to 50 5M was not phased. The calculated growth rates of zooxanthellae exposed to 20 5M or 50 5M NH4Cl were higher than those representative of zooxanthellae living in control corals, although the growth rate of both carbon and nitrogen pools were lower in 50 5M as compared to 20 5M NH4Cl. These data support the conclusion that the population dynamics of symbiotic zooxanthellae within P. damicornis are affected by concentrations of NH4Cl in seawater that are equal to or higher than 20 5M, and that 50 5M NH4Cl concentrations may be toxic to some extent. These data taken in isolation, however, do not constitute an effective test of the hypothesis that zooxanthellae are limited by the supply of NH4Cl under ambient conditions, and further emphasize the importance of enrichment studies concentrating on growth and nitrogen incorporation rates measured for the entire symbiotic association. From hendee@wave Thu Jul 10 12:04:40 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA07557; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 11:55:08 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA00838; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 15:52:16 GMT Received: from coral.aoml.erl.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA00833; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 11:52:14 -0400 Received: by coral.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA29412; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 11:52:12 -0400 Date: Mon, 10 Jul 1995 11:52:12 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Two new coral bleaching abstracts Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Following are two new coral bleaching abstracts added to the CH&M WWW site: Gleeson, M.W. and A. E. Strong, 1995: Applying MCSST to coral reef bleaching, Adv. Space. Res., 16[10]: 151-154. ABSTRACT In the 1980s and early 1990s, coral reef bleaching events of unprecedented frequency and global extent were observed. Elevated water temperature is suspected as the primary causal stress of mass bleaching events from this period. The relationship between sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and coral bleaching events was investigated using National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Multi-Channel Sea Surface Temperature (MCSST) satellite imagery from 1982-1992. Nighttime MCSST weekly averages were compared with moored-buoy temperatures for sea-truthing the satellite. Average errors from 11 individual buoy comparisons throughout the tropics were found to be approximately 0.5C. Confirmed satellite SST data were applied to bleaching events at Bermuda (1988, 1991), Tahiti (1984, 1987, 1991), and Jamaica (1987, 1989, 1990), with a non- bleached site off Belize selected as control. MCSST data showed elevated SSTs coincided with bleaching events both in onset and duration. Bleaching thresholds were developed. An MCSST Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) bleaching index was developed for the Belizean and Jamaican reef sites. A cumulative heating stress of 26 DHW is proposed as the threshold for mass reef bleaching at Belize and Jamaica. ========= Montgomery, R.S. and A.E. Strong, 1994: Coral Bleaching Threatens Ocean, Life. EOS 75[13]: 145-147. ABSTRACT [Intro] People around the world depend on the resources provided by the ocean to support life. But global-scale damage to the coral reefs, a large and integral part of the ocean environment that supports a variety of sea life, is a frightening scenario that may unfold in the coming years. Recently, a phenomenon called coral bleaching has raised concerns about the deteriorating conditions in the world's oceans and the implications for life on our planet. Coral bleaching occurs as coral tissue expels zooxanthellae, a symbiotic algae that resides in the structure of the coral and is essential to its survival. The widespread nature of the bleaching threatens the state of the environment. The zooxanthellae, besides giving color to the otherwise white coral skeleton, produce carbon compounds that nourish the coral. In return, the coral provides the algae with a home inside its skeletal structure and nitrogen and phosphorous, which are essential for its survival [Brown and Ogden, 1993.]. This delicate symbiosis can be disrupted by several factors, and this causes the coral to expel the algae. Disturbances such as extremes of temperature, hypersalinity, pollutants in the water, or changes in radiation flux cause coral bleaching. The correlation between high water temperatures and coral bleaching is of acute concern. In the 1980s, many reefs including those near Easter Island, the Great Barrier Reef, and the coasts of Central America showed signs of bleaching. More nottceable events occurred in 1983 near Panama and in 1987-1988 in the Caribbean [Ghiild, 1990]. The Panama event is connected with the 1982-1983 El Nino, which raised water temperatures in the area to above 29C. The Caribbean event, which lasted for 9 months, was associated with widespread bleaching in the reefs off Jamaica. Water temperatures in the area were above 30C at the peak of the bleaching. This event in particular raised concerns about a possible link between coral bleaching, rising water temperatures, and global warming [Goreau et al., 1993]. The possibility that a recent warming trend in the world's oceans is responsible for the recent bleaching events merits further inquiry. Evidence favoring this hypothesis exists in oceanic and atmospheric physical data, but until such evidence is examined with known bleaching events, conclusions cannot be made. From hendee@wave Thu Jul 10 11:43:50 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA06793; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 11:31:23 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA19193; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 15:28:23 GMT Received: from mailserv.uni-tuebingen.de by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA18820; Mon, 10 Jul 1995 11:28:12 -0400 Received: from [9.48.2.134] (actually gppc07.gpi.geowissenschaften.uni-tuebingen.de) by mailserv.uni-tuebingen.de with SMTP (PP); Mon, 10 Jul 1995 17:15:29 +0000 Date: Mon, 10 Jul 1995 17:08:19 PDT From: James Nebelsick Subject: panama-taphonomy To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Warning: UNAuthenticated Sender Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I am organizing a symposium for the forthcoming 8th International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama City, Panama, from the 24-29th of June 1996. The symposium is entitled "Taphonomy of past and present reef organisms" and I hope to include a wide range of current investigations concerning different taphonomic aspects of both past and present reef environments. While I have had some response from geologist or palaeontolgist working on recent reefs, it would be nice to have hear from biologist working on, for example, incrustation, predation, bioerosion, or any other aspects of taphonomy affecting organisms related to the reef environment. Investigations from geologist on fossil reefs are also welcome. If you are interested please contact me. Yours Sincerely, James Nebelsick Dr. James Nebelsick Institute and Museum of Geology and Palaeontology, Sigwartstr. 10; D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany Tel: xx49 7071 29 7546 Fax: xx49 7071 29 6990 email: nebelsick@uni-tuebingen.de From hendee@wave Sat Jul 12 17:23:08 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA03265; Wed, 12 Jul 1995 17:16:50 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA05929; Wed, 12 Jul 1995 21:12:51 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA05924; Wed, 12 Jul 1995 17:12:47 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id RAA01255; Wed, 12 Jul 1995 17:12:46 -0400 Date: Wed, 12 Jul 1995 17:12:46 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: ICRI Framework for Action Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: International Coral Reef Initiative Framework For Action June 2, 1995 PREAMBLE Maintaining the biological diversity, condition, resources, and values of coral reefs and related ecosystems is a matter of global urgency. While the majority of countries which have coral reefs are developing countries, there are many reefs in the waters of developed countries. This unites the developed and developing countries and should command the attention of the international community. Coral reef survival depends upon the world community acquiring and maintaining the knowledge and capacity to conserve and sustainably use coral reefs and related ecosystems. This requires that all uses and impacts be brought within and maintained at levels which do not exceed these systems' natural capacity for production and regeneration. The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) Workshop was held at Silliman University in Dumaguete City, Philippines in May, 1995 to enable countries, donors, development and funding agencies to work with coral reef managers, private sector representatives, non-governmental organisations and scientists to develop this Framework as a basis for achieving sustainable management of coral reefs and related ecosystems. The ICRI Framework for Action builds upon and reflects the principles and processes established by Agenda 21, the UN Commission on Sustainable Development, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Global Conference on Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, Global Program of Action to Protect the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities and other relevant international programs. It has been developed as a succinct statement which should be read and interpreted in light of these documents. This Framework addresses the four elements of the ICRI Call to Action, which are: o management; o capacity building; o research and monitoring; and o review. FRAMEWORK PURPOSE The purpose of this Framework for Action is to mobilise governments and the wide range of other stakeholders whose coordinated, vigorous and effective actions are required to implement the Call to Action. PRINCIPLES The ICRI recognises the following principles: Achieving the ICRI's purpose requires the full participation and commitment of governments, local communities, donors, NGOs, the private sector, resource users and scientists; therefore true partnerships, cooperation and collaboration exemplify the ICRI activities. The over-riding priority is to support actions that will have tangible, positive and measurable effects on coral reefs and related ecosystems and on the well-being of the communities which depend upon them. Human activities are the major cause of coral reef degradation; therefore managing coral reefs means managing those human activities. Individuals whose decisions and actions affect coral reefs--from board rooms to beaches--need to become aware of and committed to the conservation and sustainable use of coral reefs and related ecosystems. The diversity of cultures, traditions and governance within nations and regions should be recognised and built upon in all the ICRI activities. Integrated coastal management, with special emphasis on community participation and benefit, provides a framework for effective coral reef and related ecosystem management. Developing national capacity to conserve and sustainably use coral reefs and related ecosystems requires a long term (decadal) commitment. Improvement of coral reef management requires a permanent commitment and an adaptive approach. Strategic research and monitoring programs should be an integral part of the ICRI because management of coral reefs and related ecosystems should be based on the most relevant scientific information. Actions promoted under this framework should take account of, and fully use, the extensive body of international agreements and organisations that address issues related to coral reefs and related ecosystems. The ICRI will facilitate the leveraging and channeling of existing resources among all sectors for the benefit of coral reefs and related ecosystems. ACTION All those committed to supporting the ICRI and this Framework for Action are called upon to take account of and to act on the following at the international, regional and national levels. Support national and regional efforts to establish and coordinate strategies, priorities and programs to implement the ICRI Framework for Action, starting with regional workshops to be held by early 1996. Ensure that sustainable management of coral reefs and related ecosystems is considered at future relevant international meetings. Develop and/or strengthen national, regional and international mechanisms for gathering and sharing information and expertise on the sustainable management of coral reefs and related ecosystems. Promote improved access to financial and technological resources to enable institutions, regional centres and networks to assist and inform governments, industries and communities. Addressing conservation and sustainable use of coral reefs and related ecosystems requires activities in the following areas: o integrated coastal management; o public awareness, education and training; o ratification of or accession to relevant international instruments; o stakeholder participation at all levels; o training policy makers and private sector decision makers in the development and implementation of coral reef management; o marine science and technology; o environmental law, particularly environmental impact assessment regulations; and o assessing the potential for micro-enterprise development and facilitating access to financing on a small to medium scale. (a) Management Encourage governments to develop and adopt integrated coastal management measures, including: o protection of the marine environment from land based sources of marine pollution; o environmentally sound land use practices, including zoning where appropriate; o measures to protect the marine environment from the adverse effect of maritime activities; o national and regional disaster strategies; o measures to prevent illegal fishing practices, achieve sustainable fisheries and protect the ecological systems that support them; o tourism management and planning; o cultural aspects of resource use; and o enforcement of regulations. Encourage governments and funding agencies to consider the ICRI Framework in project and program design and implementation. Encourage, where appropriate, an intersectoral systems approach to planning and management. Encourage improved coordination among international organisations, donors and NGOs to provide more effective programs at the regional and national level. Encourage prompt implementation of the outcomes of FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and the Global Program of Action to Protect the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities. Promote awareness and action by the global tourist community to minimise individual and collective impacts of tourism on coral reefs and related ecosystems. Promote the establishment and effective management of coastal and marine protected areas for coral reefs and related ecosystems, within the framework of customary international law as exemplified by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. This will contribute to the development of the Global Representative System of Marine Protected Areas as proposed by the World Bank, IUCN and Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Promote the regulation of international trade in endangered and threatened reef-associated species through the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES), and improve its implementation where required. Encourage governments to develop and promote mechanisms for regulating international trade in species that are illegally harvested. Encourage governments to develop legislation, policy and institutional capacity to apply environmental assessment to development activities. Promote appropriate technologies, including voluntary programs and economic incentives and best management practices, for control of land-based causes of marine pollution. Promote and replicate successes in integrated coastal management, including community based management, as appropriate. Support management measures to improve the socio-economic condition of local communities through such means as retraining and sustainable alternative livelihood development. (b) Capacity Building Capacity building includes establishing and strengthening human resource and institutional capabilities for coastal management, science, training and education. Encourage regional organisations to assist countries and communities implementing ICRI, for example through measures including: o preparation of project proposals o implementation of small grant programs. Establish, strengthen and sustain mutually supportive networks of centres of expertise in management of coral reefs and related ecosystems. Base human resource development strategies on needs assessments and ensure that they address: o the diversity of cultures traditions and governance structures; o increased community awareness and involvement; o improving the capacity of today's managers; o providing for the education of tomorrow's managers; o coverage of coral reef management issues in the training of all professionals whose work involves decisions which affect coral reefs and coastal resource management; o technical training needs for people at the field level; o training and supporting trainers to work at the community and field level; o evaluation of the effectiveness of training; and o the need to target children in awareness raising. Improve coordination and targeting of the education and human resource development programs provided by development partners. Support formal and informal environmental education programs for all levels of the community on the subject of coral reefs and related ecosystems, with curricula and materials tailored to the interests and needs of the regions and end-users. Encourage maximum use of national and regional expertise in management, research and capacity building activities. Support the development, identification and dissemination of materials which address the interests and needs of the regions, including: o the value of coral reefs and related ecosystems; o practical monitoring and management techniques; o inventories of formal and on-the-job training opportunities; o case studies of management, including success stories as well as examples which have not been successful; and o case studies of human impact and natural variation in coral reefs and related ecosystems. Increase the relevance to ICRI of existing donor scholarship programs by: o devoting a proportion of scholarship awards to environmental studies; and o encouraging thesis and dissertation studies carried out in home countries. Encourage the private sector's role in management of coral reefs and related ecosystems through: o use of appropriate technologies; o development of a trained and educated workforce; and o innovative approaches to better environmental operating standards. (c) Research & Monitoring Research and monitoring are needed to assess the status of coral reefs, evaluate the success of management and conservation actions and develop more effective management practices. As tropical ecosystems, coral reefs and related ecosystems are subject to dynamics which are generally less well understood than temperate systems. Therefore, without evidence it should not be assumed that they will react to natural and human disturbances in the same way as temperate systems. Research and monitoring programs should address biological, physical, social, cultural and economic studies and should be carried out over time periods appropriate to their objectives. They should be supported by information management, interpretation and dissemination. In the collection of data for both research and monitoring, resource users should be involved to the maximum extent practicable. Promote the involvement of managers in the development, conduct, interpretation and application of research and monitoring programs. Promote and assist the development and application of resource assessment methods that: o allow for rapid assessment to establish baselines and initiate management o can be used in Geographic Information and Decision Support Systems Promote the development of a Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network under the Coastal Zone Module of the Global Ocean Observing System by incorporating and, as necessary, establishing or strengthening regional nodes. Encourage studies of coral reefs and related ecosystems which: o address priority management issues in individual countries or regions; o address the synergies between human effects and natural variations as causes of stress and degradation in coral reefs and related ecosystems; o involve interdisciplinary research into human impacts with initial priority on fisheries and tourism; o integrate traditional knowledge; o quantify the socio-economic impacts of conservation and habitat destruction; o address the scales and linkages of the biological communities; and o develop methods for impact mitigation and reef restoration. Develop programs to involve communities, resource users, the private sector and others in monitoring the condition of coral reefs and related ecosystems. Encourage regional and international forums which bring together managers and scientists to identify priority information requirements for management of coral reefs and related ecosystems. (d) Review Review of the state of coral reefs and related ecosystems and of action taken to implement the ICRI Framework for Action should be conducted at national, regional and international levels on a regular basis. The four yearly cycle of the international coral reef symposia provides an excellent opportunity to discuss the ecological condition of coral reefs. This should be matched by an equivalent program to review the effectiveness of implementation of actions in accordance with the ICRI Framework For Action. At the international level, the UN Commission on Sustainable Development provides an appropriate forum for review of international actions taken at all levels by governments, international organisations and agencies. The 1996 session of the Commission on Sustainable Development, with its focus on Chapter 17 (Protection of Oceans) of Agenda 21 will deal, inter alia, with coral reefs and related ecosystems. UNEP should be encouraged to review the implementation and success of the ICRI Framework For Action through relevant programs including the Regional Seas Programmes. Similarly the IOC through the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, should be encouraged to produce reports on the ecological condition of coral reefs and related ecosystems for discussion at the quadrennial International Coral Reef Symposia and other relevant international forums. From hendee@wave Thu Jul 17 08:38:12 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA27312; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 08:29:12 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA03704; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 12:24:39 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA03699; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 08:24:36 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA20119; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 08:24:35 -0400 Date: Mon, 17 Jul 1995 08:24:35 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Continuing Abstracts Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: As part of our continuing effort to distribute information regarding coral health and monitoring, we are circulating the following two abstracts: Abdel-Salam,-H.; Porter,-J.W.; Hatcher,-B.G. Physiological effects of sediment rejection on photosynthesis and respiration in three Caribbean reef corals. PROCEEDINGS-OF-THE-SIXTH-INTERNATIONAL-CORAL-REEF- SYMPOSIUM,-TOWNSVILLE,-AUSTRALIA,-8th-12th-AUGUST-1988.- VOLUME-2:-CONTRIBUTED-PAPERS-MINI-SYMPOSIUM-1-TO-10-14. Choat,-J.H.;Barnes,-D.;Borowitzka,-M.A.;Coll,- J.C.;Davies,-P.J.;Floor,-P.;et-al.-eds.. 1988. pp. 285- 292. Three species of corals, Acropora palmata, Diploria strigosa, and Montastrea annularis , were exposed to the same weight of sediment. Corals were exposed to sediment during day light and darkness. Oxygen production and consumption were measured by respirometry; sediment removed by corals was collected simultaneously. All corals exposed to sediments showed an increase in respiration rate at night and a decrease in net photosynthesis during the day. Lowered net photosynthesis was due to both light shading and respiratory increase. Integrated 24 hour P/R ratios for control and sediment- exposed corals were calculated. All control corals had naturally occurring P/R ratios in excess of 1.0, but the sediment treated corals, without exception, had ratios significantly below 1.0, mostly due to high respiration during sediment rejection. M. annularis and D. strigosa have very high clearing rates relative to A. palmata . ============================================================= Acevedo,-R.; Morelock,-J. Effects of terrigenous sediment influx on coral reef zonation in southwestern Puerto Rico. PROCEEDINGS-OF-THE-SIXTH-INTERNATIONAL-CORAL- REEF-SYMPOSIUM,-TOWNSVILLE,-AUSTRALIA,-8th-12th-AUGUST- 1988.-VOLUME-2:-CONTRIBUTED-PAPERS-MINI-SYMPOSIUM-1-TO- 10-14. Choat,-J.H.;Barnes,-D.;Borowitzka,-M.A.;Coll,- J.C.;Davies,-P.J.;Flood,-P.;Hatcher,-B.G.;et-al.-eds.. 1988. pp. 189-194. The distribution of hermatypic coral species and species dominance patterns is discussed from the study of 8 reef sites of southwestern Puerto Rico. Photo-transects were surveyed on 4 sites at La Parguera where terrigenous sediment influx was absent and used to develop a standard coral zonation pattern. Four sites were studied at Ponce where the presence of terrigenous sediments was observed and results compared between sites for each depth level. Coral cover and species diversity was greatly reduced near the source of terrigenous sediment. Both coral cover and coral species diversity increased with distance from the sediment source. Loss of light is critical to the deeper coral assemblages, and a chronic increase in turbidity will move the lower limit of coral growth to much shallower depths. Other possible effects from sediment influx commonly observed were: partial or total burial of coral colonies, bleaching and colonization of the coral surface by filamentous blue-green algae. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Thu Jul 17 13:50:27 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA06322; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 13:43:19 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA04131; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 17:41:19 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA04126; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 13:41:17 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id NAA20981; Mon, 17 Jul 1995 13:41:16 -0400 Date: Mon, 17 Jul 1995 13:41:15 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Moruroa Atoll Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Greetings, The following message from Reinhold Leinfelder had some transmission difficulties on his end and is herewith being retransmitted. We apologize if this is a duplicate posting for you. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ================================ Dear Colleagues, The present situation at Moruroa Atoll should not only worry us but rather demands some actions also from the Coral Health and Monitoring Group as well as others working on reefs. As reef researchers we all know that reefs are very porous systems which never will be dense and fence off nuclear waste from the surrounding world. This is true even if the atoll will not collapse due to the nuclear explosion. Particularly when judging from the fossil record reefs are highly porous, open hydrological systems. This is why reefs form the majority of reservoir rocks for giant oil fields. The fact that the oil is entrapped in the reefs is not contradictory to this view: The reef reservoirs are sealed by younger rocks or special tectonic situations. This is not possible in modern reefs which hence are one of the most open hydrological systems. Many oceanic atolls probably exhibit 'endo-upwelling' which is thought to be caused by stronger heatflow above the volcanic basement, so that additional to the generally high lateral permeability a vertical permeability and water flow from down to the surface might be generated. THIS WAS PARTICULARLY SHOWN FOR MORUROA ATOLL by Rougerie, F. & Wauthy, B. (1993): The endo-upwelling concept: from geothermal convection to reef construction.- Coral Reefs, 12/1: 19-30, Heidelberg etc. (Springer International). Knowing about these facts, we should open our mouths. I am no member of Greenpeace (I am Professor of Geology and Paleontology at the University of Stuttgart, Germany) but it seems that Greenpeace is the most active group in this aspect and that they try to follow a scientific line, besides all public relation work which is certainly necessary as well. They particularly demand more thorough studies prior to any tests. If you are interested you may see their WWW-page: http://www.greenpeace.org/~comms/rw/rwletter.html . At this page which is from the Greenpeace REsearch Labs, Greenpeace presents a RATIONALE FOR A PROGRAMME OF STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF FRENCH NUCLEAR TESTING AT MORUROA AND FANGATAUFA. Additional information is on http://www.greenpeace.org/~comms/rw/rw.html. The e-mail address of Greenpeace research labs is: where you could send a support statement. Be it through Greenpeace, any other institution or directly to the French government or embassy, please act in an appropriate manner as fast as you can! Best wishes Reinhold Leinfelder ******************************************** Reinhold Leinfelder Institut fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie der Universitaet Stuttgart Herdweg 51 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany e-mail: reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de phone: ++49-711-1211340 fax: ++49-711-1211341 From hendee@wave Fri Jul 18 08:04:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA03180; Tue, 18 Jul 1995 08:03:52 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id LAA05062; Tue, 18 Jul 1995 11:45:39 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA05057; Tue, 18 Jul 1995 07:45:37 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA00862; Tue, 18 Jul 1995 07:45:36 -0400 Date: Tue, 18 Jul 1995 07:45:36 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Continuing Abstracts Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: As part of our continuing effort to distribute information regarding coral health and monitoring, we are circulating the following two abstracts: Bonem,-R.M. Recognition of storm impact on the reef sediment record. PROCEEDINGS-OF-THE-SIXTH-INTERNATIONAL-CORAL- REEF-SYMPOSIUM,-TOWNSVILLE,-AUSTRALIA,-8th-12th-AUGUST- 1988.-VOLUME-2:-CONTRIBUTED-PAPERS-MINI-SYMPOSIUM-1-TO- 10-14. Choat,-J.H.;Barnes,-D.;Borowitzka,-M.A.;Coll,- J.C.;Davies,-P.J.;Flood,-P.;Hatcher,-B.G.;Hopley,-D.;et- al.-eds.. 1988. pp. 475-478. Recognition of the imprint of hurricanes and other storm deposits on the sediment record can provide a useful stratigraphic marker for the study of modern and ancient reef systems. Sediment cores were taken from lagoonal patch reef and forereef settings along the north coast of Jamaica before and after the passage of Hurricane Allen in August 1980. Examination of these cores has revealed that preservation of storm events is variable and may be altered with time. Although storm layers were easily recognized in lagoonal settings within 2 years following the hurricane, passage of time has made recognition based on grain-size differences more difficult due to bioturbation and grain-size alteration. However, it was possible to identify storm sediments by the presence of allochthonous skeletal grains. =============== Gagan,-M.K.; Chivas,-A.R.; Johnson,-D.P. Cyclone-induced shelf sediment transport and the ecology of the Great Barrier Reef. PROCEEDINGS-OF-THE-SIXTH-INTERNATIONAL- CORAL-REEF-SYMPOSIUM,-TOWNSVILLE,-AUSTRALIA,-8th-12th- AUGUST-1988.-VOLUME-2:-CONTRIBUTED-PAPERS-MINI- SYMPOSIUM-1-TO-10-14. Choat,-J.H.;Barnes,- D.;Borowitzka,-M.A.;Coll,-J.C.;Davies,-P.J.;Flood,- P.;et-al.-eds.. 1988. pp. 595-600. Shelf sediments collected immediately before and after the passage of Cyclone Winifred (1 February 1986) confirmed that the storm produced a normally graded layer extending 30 km offshore in water up to 43m deep. Resampling of the storm layer one year after the cyclone showed it to be completely obliterated offshore, but well-preserved on the inner shelf. The cross-shelf difference in preservation reflects the concentration of benthic organisms and higher bioturbation rates offshore. Post-cyclone changes in the cross-shelf distribution of super(13)C/ super(12)C and carbonate suggest that: (1) sediment derived from near-record flooding of the Johnstone River did not move more than 15 km offshore, (2) reef detritus was swept up to 1.5km shoreward to the mid- shelf, and (3) resuspended mid-shelf sediment was driven at least 15km shoreward to the inner shelf. Flood plume sediment rarely reaches the Great Barrier Reef directly from shore. From hendee@wave Sat Jul 19 08:15:26 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA29143; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 08:12:54 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA06724; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 12:03:03 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA06719; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 08:03:01 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA10191; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 08:03:01 -0400 Date: Wed, 19 Jul 1995 08:03:00 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Historical Sombrero Reef data Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Historical C-MAN data from Sombrero Reef in the Florida Keys (USA) has been posted to the Coral Health and Monitoring Program's Home Page. The period of data covered are from February 9, 1988 to February 28, 1991, and the fields reported are: Date/time Barometric pressure Air temperature Sea temperature Wind direction Wind speed Wind gusts ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Sat Jul 19 09:23:54 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA01030; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 09:21:15 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA07053; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 13:16:55 GMT Received: from mola.uvi.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA07048; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 09:16:51 -0400 Received: by mola.uvi.edu (8.6.9/1.3pmg) id JAA28595; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 09:14:51 -0400 Date: Wed, 19 Jul 1995 09:14:51 -0400 (AST) From: Callum Roberts To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: To: Subscribers to coral-list Dear Subscribers, I'm sure most of you will know about the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium which will be held in Panama from the 24th to 29th June 1996. This promises to be an excellent symposium which will involve much discussion about reef conservation and management and will herald the official launch of the International Year of the Reef. What you may not know is that members of the International Society for Reef Studies will get a $50 discount on registration fees. This means you can join the Society for the equivalent of $10 for your first year's membership. To claim the discount, when you register for the symposium (details available from Maria Majela Brenes: email stri01.naos.brenesm@ic.si.edu) simply mail in your ISRS membership application form (to the address given below) at the same time and tell the symposium organisers that you are just joining. ISRS offers many interesting activities and benefits which you can read about below. Best wishes, Callum Roberts Corresponding Secretary of the International Society for Reef Studies ISRS Membership The annual subscription for individual membership of ISRS is currently US$60, provided renewal payments are made by 1st March each year. Individual and Family Members receive the journal Coral Reefs, the newsletter Reef Encounter and other periodic mailings. Family membership is US$70. Student membership costs US$10 and benefits include all of the above except the journal Coral Reefs. Members outside Europe should add US$10 for airmail delivery of Coral Reefs (copies will otherwise be sent surface mail). Renewals received between 1 March and 30 April will cost US$20 for a student member, US$70 for a full member and US$80 for a family membership. Those received after 1 May will cost US$25, US$80 and US$90 respectively. New memberships will be at the base rate of US$10, US$60 and US$70 throughout the year. Subscriptions to the Society should be addressed to: International Society for Reef Studies, P.O. Box 1897, Lawrence, Kansas 66044-8897, USA. APPLICATION FORM FOR MEMBERSHIP Name: ......................................... Address: ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... Title ......................................... Fields of interest............................. I/we enclose a cheque (in US$ ONLY please) of*: ........US$60 for FULL membership ........US$10 for STUDENT membership ........US$70 for FAMILY membership *Full and family members outside Europe: add US$10 if you wish to receive Coral Reefs by airmail. Bank drafts and cheques to be made payable to: INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES. PAYMENT BY MASTERCARD/VISA CARD NO................................... Expiry date............................... Signature................................. If a receipt is required, please request it at the time of payment. Send completed application form and your cheque to: International Society for Reef Studies, P.O. Box 1897, Lawrence, Kansas 66044-8897, USA. From hendee@wave Sat Jul 19 10:48:09 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA03354; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 10:42:15 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA07260; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 14:38:47 GMT Received: from freenet.carleton.ca by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA07255; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 10:38:43 -0400 Received: from freenet3.carleton.ca (freenet3.carleton.ca [134.117.1.22]) by freenet.carleton.ca (8.6.12/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA10319 for ; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 10:38:35 -0400 Received: by freenet3.carleton.ca (8.6.12/Sun-Client) id KAA13230; Wed, 19 Jul 1995 10:38:34 -0400 Date: Wed, 19 Jul 1995 10:38:34 -0400 Message-Id: <199507191438.KAA13230@freenet3.carleton.ca> From: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca (Jaime Baquero) To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral list Reply-To: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Congratulations for this iniatitive. I'm marine biologist, during the last 9 years I've been studying the exploitation of marine fish and invertebrates for the marine aquarium hobby trade. This exploitation has become controversial among the scientific community, environmental groups, those involved in the trade and the general public. I'd like to participate in this group and contribute with info and ideas, that will help to conserve,healthy and productive coral reefs for future generations. Sincerely. Jaime Baquero Marine Biologist Gatineau P.Q CANADA From hendee@wave Sun Jul 20 14:46:27 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA01727; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 14:43:07 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA10670; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 18:37:22 GMT Received: from lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA10665; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 14:37:19 -0400 Received: from (geo-gate.ldgo.columbia.edu) by lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu (4.1/SMI-3.2) id AA22771; Thu, 20 Jul 95 14:37:11 EDT Message-Id: <9507201837.AA22771@lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu> Date: Thu, 20 Jul 95 14:37:09 EDT From: tguild@lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Calcification Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Is there any consensus on light enhancement of calcification in corals? I have some of the earlier papers (through the late 1980s) eg. Goreau, Rinkevich, Loya, Barnes, etc but have not made an effort to update my references. I know (from work with forams) that 45Ca and 14C labelled experiments are fraught with potential errors and hence I'm leary of deciding one way or the other based on these methods in the "early" papers. Could someone on the list either "enlighten" me or direct me to a good thorough review or reference? My current tendency is to believe that although the linear extension rate is greater during photo- synthesis, the actual mass accumulation is relative invariant. Thank you in advance for your assistance. T. Guilderson ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This message is from: Tom Guilderson tguild@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu END From hendee@wave Sun Jul 20 15:03:13 1995 Received: from manoa (manoa.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.3]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with SMTP id PAA02274 for ; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:03:13 -0400 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov by manoa; (5.65/1.1.8.2/04Nov94-8.2MPM) id AA26741; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:03:17 -0400 Received: from epic66.dep.state.fl.us by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA10707; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:03:16 -0400 Received: from mr.dep.state.fl.us by EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US (PMDF V4.3-7 #7204) id <01HT3IK61ABK0029W0@EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US>; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:02:24 EST Received: with PMDF-MR; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:02:19 EST Mr-Received: by mta ARM1; Relayed; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:02:19 -0500 Mr-Received: by mta EPIC66; Relayed; Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:02:21 -0500 Date: Thu, 20 Jul 1995 15:55:41 -0500 (EST) From: "Walt, Jaap" Subject: Coral Calcification - Reply To: OWNER-CORAL-LIST@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-Id: <01HT3IKA034W0029W0@mr.dep.state.fl.us> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Priority: normal Ua-Content-Id: WPCORP X400-Mts-Identifier: [;91205102705991/85803@ARM1] Hop-Count: 2 Status: RO X-Status: A I recommend that you get in tourch with Betsy Gladfelter USVI or Bruce Chalker at AIMS if you need the addresses I can look them up. I am not sure Betsy has E mail. From hendee@wave Mon Jul 28 19:35:59 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA11434; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:31:12 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA10098; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 23:30:44 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA10093; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:30:40 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id TAA28025; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:30:39 -0400 Date: Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:30:38 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: List-server now working Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: We apologize for the inactivity of our list-server, but we had some difficulties which now appear to be resolved. Messages which were posted but not circulated were saved and will now be re-sent. Please note that if you wish to post a message to the whole group (about 220 people), send the message to: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov If you have questions, suggestions or queries, you may direct them to: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov Or, if you have questions pertaining directly to the operation of the list-server, you may send a message to: major-domo@reef.aoml.erl.gov with HELP in the subject field of your message. Thank you for your patience. From hendee@wave Mon Jul 28 19:37:17 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA11462; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:33:45 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA10109; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 23:36:03 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA10104; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:36:02 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id TAA28031; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:36:01 -0400 Date: Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:36:01 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Oil refinery in Sri Lanka Information Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 25 Jul 95 18:00:18 +0000 From: guest@lanka.gn.apc.org To: coral@coral Subject: Oil refinery in Sri Lanka Information To: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov, irf@clark.net We recived your name from Prabha at iclei@web.apc.org Could you please Read Thank you in advance Subject: Sri Lanka Large Oil Refinery (Information required) INFORMATION REQUIRED Large Oil Refinery for Sri Lanka The extreme south of Sri Lanka is a relatively underdeveloped region of the country noted for its wildlife and beaches. The principal income generating activities in the region include tourism, fisheries and salt production. Tourists are attracted to the South by the beaches, the wildlife (and wildlife sanctuaries) and a place of pilgrimage sacred to both Buddhists and Hindus. The extreme south is the habitat of a rich fauna and flora. The fauna along the coast includes indigenous and migratory birds (e.g. sea eagles, pelicans, flamingos and ducks) and marine turtles. Coral reefs are also found in the south of the country. A proposal is being developed at present to site a giant oil refinery cum power project near Hambantota on the south coast. To supply this refinery it is said that oil tankers will be parked offshore and crude oil transferred by pipeline. The products of the refinery will be both for export as well as for use within the country. Reasons for the siting of the refinery cum power project complex near Hambantota include the generation of employment opportunities in the region. Although the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the project is still being prepared and is not yet available for public inspection and comment (within a prescribed period), concern is already being expressed by some as to whether any disadvantages (e.g. oil leakages and spills) of the proposed development may outweigh the benefits. While there is already a small refinery situated close to the commercial capital of Colombo, we would be interested in receiving information on the impacts of large refineries cum power stations on coastal ecosystems and wildlife in other parts of the world. This will help in our study of the EIA when it is opened for public examination. Any comments should be sent to Please respond via post (snail Mail) only or in EN.ALERTS or REG.SASIA Thanks Rohan H. Wickramasinghe Institute for Tropical Environmental Studies (ITES), 41 Flower Road, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka. From hendee@wave Mon Jul 28 19:57:20 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA11760; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:55:41 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA10173; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 23:57:40 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA10168; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:57:38 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id TAA28061; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:57:37 -0400 Date: Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:57:37 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Exploitation of marine fish and invertebrates, Part I Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: From: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca (Jaime Baquero) To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Exploitation of marine fish and invertebrates Reply-To: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca Part I. I'd like to share with you some thoughts and insights learned during the last 9 years in which I've been studying the exploitation of marine fish and invertebrates for the marine aquarium trade. In the last decade, the marine aquarium technology has undergone a remarkable transformation. Along with the introduction of new filtration systems and the application in the marine hobby of existing technology , the aquarist has found the means to create and control better conditions to keep in captivity the aquarium inhabitants. As a result of this new technology, the marine aquarium hobby also reflects a transformation, from the keeping of only fish and a few invertebrates to the captivity of "artificial minireefs". Intensive commercial exploitation of hundreds of species of marine fish and invertebrates as well as "live rock", during the las decade, to satisfy the demand of aquarium hobbyists, have become controversial issues among marine biologists, the scientific community, environmentally oriented groups, aquarium hobbyists ant the general public. As a consequence of this "NEW AQUARIUM TECHNOLOGY" and the extensive diversity of marine life available for the artificial minireef keeping, the marine aquarium industry has expanded to a large profitable enterprise. The use of sodium cyanide, the most environmentally unfriendly method of collecting fish for the marine aquarium trade, continues to contribute to the degradation of coral reefs in the Philippines and has now spread to Indonesia. This issue has been the subjet of many articles and discussion within the aquarium industry and among aquarium hobbyists for many years but their contribution to solve the problem has been very modest. Jaime Baquero Marine Biologist From hendee@wave Mon Jul 28 19:58:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA11782; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:56:42 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA10182; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 23:58:57 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA10177; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:58:55 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id TAA28066; Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:58:55 -0400 Date: Fri, 28 Jul 1995 19:58:54 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Exploitation, Part II Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: From: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca (Jaime Baquero) To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Exploitation of marine fish and invertebrates Reply-To: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca Part II It is well known that many fish perish at the time of collection through cyanide poisoning. Others die at the collection points (fisherfolk communities),exporters holding facilities, in transit to the importer country or at the importer holding facilities. The remainder die within a few days or weeks of thei arrival at the pet shop or at the aquarium hobbyist's home. Unfortunatly, sodium cyanide is not the only factor responsible for the high mortality registered at each level of the marine fish and invertebrates trade. Other factors contributing to mortality include: -Unsuitability of certain species to survive in captivity: From the 932 different species of marine fish collected for the aquarium hobby,close to 400 species could be considered target species (more frequently found at the pet shop). From these, 280 are considered as species that are from moderate to difficult to keep in captivity, and as a consequence, register high mortality rates, 100% in some cases. i.e. members of the families: Chaetodontidae Ephippidae Syngnathidae Muraenidae Carcharhinidae Lamnidae Pomacanthidae Labridae -Incompatibility of aquaria inhabitants -Unbalanced diet -Starvation -Aquarium inhabitants overfeeding (pollution) -Aquaria overcrowding -Imbalance between chemical, physical and biological conditions in the holding tanks -Physiological damage inflicted to the fish when: * Collected * Handled and held at collection points at exporters,importers and retai- lers holding facilities -Fish diseases (parasites or bacterial infections) -Copper poisoning ( at exporters', importers',retailers' and hobbyists' tanks) -Poor aquarium management at importers, retailers and aquarium hobbyists holding facilities -Lack of information among fishers, exporters, importers, retailers and aquarium hobbyists From hendee@wave Tue Jul 29 09:05:16 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA09543; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:01:47 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA10658; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 13:02:49 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA10653; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:02:46 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id JAA08443; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:02:46 -0400 Date: Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:02:46 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: The Coral Reef Society, Poland Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sat, 29 Jul 1995 10:19:18 -6000 From: Slawomir Kosielinski To whom it may concern It is my big pleasure to announce that a Coral Reef Society, a non profit organisation, was founded in Warsaw, Poland, in the beginning of 1995. Its members are mainly biologist, but all who love to explore underwater beauty and riches are welcome. The main aim of the Society is: * to acquire and widen knowledge about coral reefs * to organise expeditions to coral reefs * to share knowledge concerning underwater life * to stand up for clean environment, particularly in coral reefs area * to co-operate with similar organisations. We have organised two expeditions to the Red Sea's reefs so far. During these expeditions 30 scuba-divers spent 150 hours under water. About 6000 photos were made and about 250 kilograms of coral pieces and shells were collected from the beaches Eastern Egypt. Later, the members of Coral Reef Society had more then 50 lectures concerning reef biology in high-shools and universities. All collected material was given away to 63 schools. Here is the board of our organisation: 1. Grzegorz Soszka President malakology 2. Pawel Szewczak wice President nature, botany, marin and reef aquaristic 3. Pawel Szpygiel Secretary biology, underwater photography So if you are excited or just interested in coral reefs wonders, please contact us immediately: Pawel Szewczak Darwina Str. 8/122 03-484 Warsaw Poland phone +0048 22 189526 by e-mail contact to: Slawomir Kosielinski kosiel@icm.edu.pl or kosiel@ikp.atm.com.pl Warsaw, 29 July 1995 From hendee@wave Tue Jul 29 09:18:48 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA09693; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:14:44 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA10715; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 13:16:42 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA10710; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:16:40 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id JAA08472; Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:16:40 -0400 Date: Sat, 29 Jul 1995 09:16:39 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: List-Server "how-to" documentation Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: There has been a little confusion (including mine!) on the operation of the list-server, so the basics are being resent herewith for your review. I apologize for any inconvenience. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee hendee@coral.aoml.erl.gov ================================================================= The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements among coral health researchers pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring throughout the world. Appropriate subjects for discussion might include: o bleaching events o outbreaks of coral diseases o high predation on coral reefs o environmental monitoring sites o incidences of coral spawnings o shipwrecks on reefs o international meetings and symposia o funding opportunities o job openings in coral research o marine sanctuary news o new coral-related publications o announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology o coral health initiatives o new and historical data availability o controversial topics in coral reef ecology o recent reports on coral research o new coral-related journals -- To Subscribe to the List -- Since you just got this message, you are already subscribed to the list! However, if you wish to instruct others how to subscribe to the list, have them send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: subscribe coral-list -- To Un-Subscribe from the List -- To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" -- To Post a Comment or Announcement -- To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or announcements to coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov. The message will be circulated to all members of the list. The members may respond to you directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read. -- Help -- To see a list of the functions and services available from the list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@reef.aoml.erl.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: help -- Problems -- If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to drop a line to: hendee@aoml.erl.gov. We hope you enjoy the list! Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee Louis Florit Philippe Dubosq From hendee@wave Wed Jul 30 17:15:06 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA18814; Sun, 30 Jul 1995 17:14:51 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA12764; Sun, 30 Jul 1995 21:14:06 GMT Received: from freenet.carleton.ca by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA12759; Sun, 30 Jul 1995 17:14:02 -0400 Received: from freenet3.carleton.ca (freenet3.carleton.ca [134.117.1.22]) by freenet.carleton.ca (8.6.12/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA15494 for ; Sun, 30 Jul 1995 17:11:24 -0400 Received: by freenet3.carleton.ca (8.6.12/Sun-Client) id RAA10113; Sun, 30 Jul 1995 17:11:24 -0400 Date: Sun, 30 Jul 1995 17:11:24 -0400 Message-Id: <199507302111.RAA10113@freenet3.carleton.ca> From: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca (Jaime Baquero) To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Exploitation Part III Reply-To: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Strategies to solve the problem. Ocean Voice International and the Haribon Foundation for Conservation of Natural Resources, are working on Environmental Education and Sustainable Livelihoods in the Philippines. This project is funded by the EDSP (Envi- ronment and Development Support Program) through the Canadian Environmental Network by CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency). We are grateful to these organizations for their support of economically, socially and envi- ronmentally sustainable development. One of the components of this project is related to the development of the Federation of Aquarium Fish Collectors (PMP), which is looking for alterna- tive methods of marketing the healthy, net caught fish. To achieve this goal it was considered to evaluate the handling methods and holding facilities, that fishermen and exporters are actually applying. I'd like to share with all of you, the findings of my recent trip to the Philippines. Importers as well as retailers and aquarium hobbyists buying ornamental fish from the Philippines and Indonesia are recording high mortality rates. In a previous article (Sea Wind, July-Sept 92), I underlined the fact that cyanide was not the only factor responsible for these high mortality rates. One of the most important factors is the physiological damage inflicted on the fish by fisherfolk and by exporters. (Mis)Handling Methods and Holding Facilities The ordeal of the fish starts when it is removed from the reef. But this is only the starts of its miseries.... Once ashore, there are no holding facili- ties and submerged cages are not widespread because of the lack of protected ares, the tides and theft. Thus the fish are dumped from the plastic bags in to a bucket with up to 30 fish at once. The fish are then transferred abruptly into bags filled with new water from the shore line. Depending on the species, they are bagged individually if they are expensive, or by pairs in smaller bags, or several in larger bags. The bagged fish remain on the floor or on wooden structures ususally 3-5 days before they're shipped ( in this case to Manila). During this time water from the bag is changed once a day. Expensive fish fish get two water changes a day. The water changes are always abrupt. Small inexpensive do not get water changes for 3-5 days. I observed large bags with, for example, more than 10 poisonous Lionfish per bag, 15 fragile Butterflyfish per bag and more than 70 Damselfish in the same bag. It is common to see fish dying from ammonia poisoning in the bags. Once the fish are delivered to Manila (6 hrs from Masinloc in this case) to the exporter, the fish are screened to detect damaged fins, injuries or sickness. Such fish called rejects, are discared, sold for the local market and very seldom returned to the sea by the buyer or middleman. The accepted fish pass to the main system, with no acclimation process. The transfers are made abruptly. Now the fish are ready to be exported. There is no quarantine period. It was found that some exporters, not all, do not feed the fish that remain in their aquaria. When an order is placed, the fish are packed in shipping water, which could come from the Manila Bay, or, in the case of one exporter, as far away as 160 km from Manila. This water is poured into large pools, without filte- ring out the plankton or other kinds of material in suspension. Jaime Baquero. From hendee@wave Thu Jul 31 12:10:29 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA23361; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 12:10:10 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA14138; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 16:07:21 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA14133; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 12:07:18 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id MAA00568; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 12:07:17 -0400 Date: Mon, 31 Jul 1995 12:07:16 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Shutdown for Hurricane Erin Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Greetings, Hurricane Erin is unfortunately bearing down on us, so we are going to have to shut down the Coral Health and Monitoring World-Wide Web Home Page and list-server immediately. Hopefully we'll be able to start right back up after the hurricane is past. Thank you for your support. Have a nice day! Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Thu Jul 31 12:53:07 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA24136; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 12:52:53 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA14321; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 16:52:51 GMT Received: from harpo.grdl.noaa.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA14316; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 12:52:47 -0400 Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov by harpo.grdl.noaa.gov with SMTP (16.6/15.6) id AA04898; Mon, 31 Jul 95 12:50:06 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 31 Jul 1995 12:50:50 -0500 From: "Haskell, B." Subject: White line disease outbreak To: "Coral list" X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-MS 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: An outbreak of white line disease has been reported in the Upper Florida Keys around Conch Reef. This disease is infecting Dichoceonia stokesii and is characterized by bleaching or death of the colony from the ground up. It often looks like bleaching but seems to be fatal. Any info is greatly appreciated. Benjamin Haskell Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary From hendee@wave Fri Aug 1 06:41:45 1995 Received: from greenpeace.org (root@adam.greenpeace.org [193.67.176.1]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with SMTP id GAA18384 for ; Tue, 1 Aug 1995 06:41:38 -0400 Received: by greenpeace.org id AA20012 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for hendee@aoml.erl.gov); Tue, 1 Aug 1995 12:39:14 +0200 From: exeter.lab@green2.greenpeace.org To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov, hendee@aoml.erl.gov Message-Id: <43278003@green2.greenpeace.org> X-Mailer: SANCHO-X COMET<->UUCP by antenna.nl (1.6) Tue, 1 Aug 95 12:43:27 CET Subject: Moruroa Atoll Date: Tue, 1-AUG-95 10:28:49 GMT Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Original-TO: hendee@aoml.erl.gov Original-Cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov ---------- Dear Dr. Hendee, Prof. Reinhold Leinfelder suggested we forward this proposal to you on the Moruroa Atoll situation. As you can see we are calling for a somewhat elaborate environmental impact study before the tests resume. I wonder whether you would be interested in supporting this initiative and passing this message on to any of your colleagues who might be able to help in a final project design, or indeed add any other elements to the programme. So far, we have about 70 signatures from scientists interested in contrib uting, ranging through physicists, geologists and biologists. I look forward to hearing from you. Best Regards, Paul Johnston Greenpeace Research Laboratories, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QE UK TELEPHONE: 44 1392 263917 FAX : 44 1392 263907 e-mail: Exeter.lab@Green2.greenpeace.org Dear Fellow Scientists, As you are no doubt aware, the French Government intends to resume the testing of nuclear weapons in the S. Pacific at Moruroa Atoll in September. We are writing to you because we believe that such testing poses an unacceptable risk, both now and in the future to human health and to the wider environment. In addition, it poses a threat to nuclear non- proliferation. The implications of the planned testing programme have not been examined in relation to the current condition of the test site. Previous scientific missions, even with access to limited data, have raised serious questions about the safety of teh testing programme. We, therefore, believe that there is an urgent need to carry out a thorough geological, hydrological, biological and radiological assessment of the site in order to have a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of past tests and the likely impact of a resumption of the testing programme. This needs to be carried out prior to any further testing. Accordingly we are circulating with this letter the broad outline of an independent work programme which we believe to be a minimum required to establish the true situation. We hope that you will be able to lend your support to this programme and join the list of signatories that believe this work to be essential. We intend to forward this to the French Authorities in due course. In addition, we are in the process of constructing a more detailed work programme based around the general outline. If you have any detailed suggestions for work which would improve the scope of the proposed study or any additions or refinements to it we would be very grateful to hear from you on this also. Again, the detailed proposal will be submitted to the French Authorities. We hope that you will feel able to lend us your support or to contribute expertise to construct the detailed programme of study. In addition, if you know of any other colleagues who would also be prepared to lend their support, we would be very happy to hear from them. Please contact Paul Johnston or David Santillo at the address above, or alternatively through the Internet at address: Exeter.lab@Green2.greenpeace.org RATIONALE FOR A PROGRAMME OF STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF FRENCH NUCLEAR TESTING AT MORUROA AND FANGATAUFA The president of France, M. Jacques Chirac has recently announced that France intends to resume the testing of nuclear weapons at Moruroa and Fangataufa Atolls in the South Pacific during Septem ber. At the same time he has stated that the testing programme carried out by France had no ecological consequences and that independent scientists would be invited to observe the tests to prove their safety. Nonetheless, observation of the tests alone is simply not ade quate as an overall assessment of the possible consequences of resuming the testing regime. Very few data exist concerning the impact upon the atolls and their environs of previous testing programmes carried out at the sites. The data that do exist indi cate grounds for serious concerns, both about the integrity of the atoll structure and the containment of the radioactive products of the weapons testing. To date there have been more than 120 underground tests in these locations. The degree to which the the fission products from these tests will be contained within the structure of the atoll in the long term is highly uncertain. Effectively, the two sites comprise an unregulated dump for radioactive wastes from these explosions. This has never been subjected to a full, independent evaluation. Several scientific missions to the atolls, all of which have been described as "exploratory" by the scientists concerned, have taken place. A common theme to the conclusions reached in these studies is a call for greater openess and constant vigilance at the test sites. Moreover, the data produced by at least two of these missions raise serious questions about the short and long term containment of radioactivity within the atoll. The scientists taking part in these misions were well respected and of international stature. They were led by Haroun Tazieff, Prof. H. Atkinson and Cmdr Jacques Cousteau respectively. Nonetheless, time constraints and logistic restrictions severe ly limited the scope of these studies and the information obtained was, thus, in each case only of a preliminary nature. Very little substantial information, therefore, has made its way to the public or scientific communities as a result of the work. Further, despite their limited and hence inconclusive nature, the French Government has used these studies to justify continuing their testing programme and to assert that the tests are safe and contained. Considering this, there is clearly a need for a comprehensive exhaustive and independent scientific study prior to any further tests. It is important to recognise that such a study does not require the disclosure of militarily sensitive information concerning the weapons themselves. Hence there is no con flict between the needs of a robust scientific programme of work and the perceived need to preserve militarily sensitive information. Obviously, however, the authorities will need to grant access to both sites but it must be emphasised that the nature of the required programme does not conflict with the interests of national security. An environmental assessment of the atolls should apply, as a basic minimum, the same criteria as applied to civilian sites in relation to the short and long term possibilities of environmental damage, radioactive escapes and needs for radiological protection. In addition, this assessment should fully acknowledge that there are inherent uncertainties in any predictive exercise and that gaps exist in the data. Accordingly, a precautionary approach to future environmental protection of the atolls and the wider environment is required where full weight is given to scientific uncertainty and ignorance of the long term consequences of the tests. It must be recognised by the French Government that the time required for a genuine, comprehensive environmental assessment is considerably greater than would be required for simple observation of the tests at the time that they are carried out. The comprehensive nature of the work required implies not only a long lead time for prearation and logistics but also sufficient time to execute the actual fieldwork. It must also be recognised that a genuine environmental assessment can only take place if there is no restriction on access to the study areas. This must be facilitated by the French Government. Additionally, the Authorities must be prepared to provide the most detailed and recent data available on the structure and geomorpholgy of the atolls together with the best data available concerning the radioactive inventory present. Such information would pose no threat to the national security of France but is indispensible to the conduct of the study. Finally, a multidisciplinary approach will be required. This is likely to be a cost intensive process, a judgment supported by the large sums of money required to conduct surveys of nuclear wepaons production sites in the United States. The resourcing for the programme will need to be supported with substantial financing and logistic support from the French Government. The following programme of work suggested in this document is designed to take into account various of the concerns attached to past and planned future weapons testing. It is designed to be a repeatable exercise so that the effect of future testing can be guaged against present environmental conditions. Central to the concerns are the possibility of leakage of radionuclides from the test sites. Hence the programme should address in detail the possibility that leakage has already occurred and the possibility that it might do so in the future bearing in mind the extremely long half-life of many of the radioactive isotopes involved.It must be recognised by the French Government that the scientific integrity of any programme based solely upon observation at the time of testing is highly suspect. The programme should include inter alia the following elements and a decision on whether to recommence testing or not should be based on consideration of the results of this programme, notwithstanding other political aspects (ie. nuclear proliferation and related issues): 1) A full survey of the topography of the atoll using side scan sonar and a remotely operated vehicle equipped with cameras and testing instruments. This will establish the nature and occurrence of any externally visible fissures. These may be present in the basaltic parent material laid down by aerial and submarine volcanic activity in which tests are conducted, or in the overlying transition zone, dolomite and limestone strata. In turn this will allow an evaluation, supplemented by empirical measurement of actual concentrations of radionuclides, of the potential for release of nuclides from the internal reef structure. 2) A shallow seismic testing programme to establish the degree to which the internal integrity of the atoll structure has been compromised by previous testing. Such a programme would provide some information on the degree of internal fissuring of the parent and overlying materials and also contribute substantially to an evaluation of the potential for radioactive leakage to occur from the atoll structure. Together with data produced from the visual/sonar inspection an evaluation is then possible of the potential for serious structural changes in the atoll produced by future weapons testing. 3) A comprehensive sampling campaign to investigate the concentrations of radionuclides in fish, planktonic organisms, sediments and coralline structures. Where feasible, samples will also be taken from various locations outside the atoll to provide data on exsisting background levels. This exercise will help to establish whether radioactive materials have been released. It will also give some indications of the quantities of radiation released. By using coralline materials and analysing the radionuclides present in the skeletal matrix, it may be possible to establish the timing and approximate magnitude of releases of radionuclides in the past. 4) An exhaustive determination of the hydrology of the atoll and reef structure. This should determine the general water movement through the various strata of the atoll. Knowledge of water movements through the system, the interaction between fresh and salt water in the reef system, the presence and size of freshwater lens systems will allow a more precise estimate of the speed at which radionuclides may be carried to the outside environment as a result of failure of these substances to be contained within the reef structure. In particular the hydrological relationships of fissures and faults identified by 1 & 2 above and the remnant test chambers and the boreholes leading to them is a high priority. 5) Following these evaluations, an epidemiological study integrating retrospective and prospective elements should be initiated to assess the local and regional health impacts of the testing regime, past and present. 6) A comparison of the potential for radionuclide release from the testing sites should be made with standards routinely enforced forinitiated civil nuclear installations. Should a decision to resume testing be taken after this pro gramme is carried out and its results fully considered, it should be agreed that the programme be repeated immediately ater the test series has taken place. ---------- From hendee@wave Sat Aug 2 12:31:48 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA03631; Wed, 2 Aug 1995 12:31:26 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA00592; Wed, 2 Aug 1995 16:25:31 GMT Received: from sunic.sunet.se by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA00587; Wed, 2 Aug 1995 12:25:25 -0400 Received: from cocos.fuw.edu.pl by sunic.sunet.se (8.6.8/2.03) id RAA28943; Tue, 1 Aug 1995 17:42:17 +0200 Received: from atm.com.pl (merkury.atm.com.pl) by cocos.fuw.edu.pl (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA12190; Tue, 1 Aug 95 17:41:51 +0200 Received: from hera.atm.com.pl by atm.com.pl via SMTP (931110.SGI/911001.SGI) id AA26575; Tue, 1 Aug 95 17:40:44 +0200 Message-Id: <9508011540.AA26575@atm.com.pl> X-Sender: kosiel@merkury.atm.com.pl X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 2.0.3 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Tue, 11 Jul 1995 17:40:40 +0200 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: kosiel@merkury.atm.com.pl (S3awomir Kosieliqski) Subject: Our Reef Society (Poland) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Friends! Reef Society is a non-profit organization for enthusiats. We make expeditions (already two were performed: in November 1994 and February 1995., both to Sharm-el Naga in Egypt). observations, underwater photography and popularizations of science are of science are our hobby - at present no one of us do this for living. Among us are hydrobiologists, zoologists, botanbotanic and "common divers", in their number- instructors. Two person are engaded in scientific photography. We gave about 70 lectures, mainly at schools. Two books are planned for this - or next year. We will heartily welcome any help or proposition of cooperation in the fields of popularization, exploration and editions, in future maybe also in science Thanks for your attention! Slawomir Kosielinski The Coral Reef Society, Poland Warsaw, 1st August 1995 Slawomir Kosielinski From hendee@wave Sat Aug 2 12:31:50 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA03629; Wed, 2 Aug 1995 12:31:25 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA00607; Wed, 2 Aug 1995 16:27:51 GMT Received: from SCALOP.AIMS.GOV.AU by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA00602; Wed, 2 Aug 1995 12:27:46 -0400 Received: from AIMS.GOV.AU by AIMS.GOV.AU (PMDF V4.3-10 #7365) id <01HTIJKWPZS08WW5ZP@AIMS.GOV.AU>; Mon, 31 Jul 1995 09:13:49 +1000 Date: Mon, 31 Jul 1995 09:13:49 +1000 From: M_FURNAS@aims.gov.au Subject: REEF LAGOONS To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <01HTIJKWSXV68WW5ZP@AIMS.GOV.AU> X-VMS-To: in%"coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov" X-VMS-Cc: m_furnas MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: 31 July 1995 Dear Lagoon Lovers As you are all aware, the ICRS meeting in Panama is coming soon. Dr. Loic Charpy (ORSTOM) and I are organizing a symposium on reef lagoons. The sessions will be prepared to cater to all aspects of reef lagoons: morphology, geology, biology, chemistry, oceanography. Size doesn't matter - from small backreef lagoons, atolls and larger shelf systems. If you want to be part of this, please send me your abstract by the first week of October so Loic and I can organize a program. I can be reached at (virtually all media acceptable) Miles Furnas Australian Institute of Marine Science P.M.B. No. 3 Townsville MC, Queensland 4810 Australia Phone: 61-77-534211 Fax: 61-77-725852 email m.furnas@aims.gov.au See you there Miles Furnas From hendee@wave Sun Aug 3 09:03:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA17637; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 09:03:22 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04072; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 12:53:44 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA04067; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 08:53:40 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA12055; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 08:53:39 -0400 Date: Thu, 3 Aug 1995 08:53:39 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Alligator Reef data Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Historical reformatted C-MAN data for Alligator Reef (24 50.74 N, 30 37.34 W), in the Florida Keys, have been posted to our C-MAN WWW Page at: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov/cman/cman_menu.html. The period covered is Feb 1, 1985 to Dec 4, 1987. From hendee@wave Sun Aug 3 11:25:15 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA22295; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 11:25:04 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA04652; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 15:21:39 GMT Received: from freenet.carleton.ca by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA04647; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 11:20:50 -0400 Received: from freenet3.carleton.ca (freenet3.carleton.ca [134.117.1.22]) by freenet.carleton.ca (8.6.12/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA27805 for ; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 11:20:35 -0400 Received: by freenet3.carleton.ca (8.6.12/Sun-Client) id LAA00959; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 11:20:35 -0400 Date: Thu, 3 Aug 1995 11:20:35 -0400 Message-Id: <199508031520.LAA00959@freenet3.carleton.ca> From: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca (Jaime Baquero) To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Marine fauna exploitation .Part V Reply-To: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Conclusion Most of the marine ornamental fish exporters in the area of Manila, and possibly in the whole Philippines, are having significant difficulty in keeping their business going. The main reason is the high mortality rate of their exported fish, and consequently the customer dissatisfaction overseas. This problem is due not only to the fact that some are still cyanide caught, but also because of the poor handling techniques that fisherfolks and exporters are practicing, added to the fact that the fish are held for prolonged periods of time in conditions that are of considerable danger such as: * Acute exposure to ammonia * Low values of pH * Sudden increase of pH * High values of nitrates and phosphates * Drastic temperature changes * Oxygen depletion * Prolonged exposure to Copper ( as treatment) and ( possilbly) to other heavy metals present in marine epoxies, used in the construction of holding tanks. In plastic bags or in a recirculating water system the ammonia which fish excrete becomes a crucial factor in water quality. The molecular form of Ammonia, NH3, is highly toxic, while the ionic form, NH4+, is only slightly toxic. Depending on the pH value of the water, when low, much of the ammonia may become ionized and prevent major problems of toxicity. There is a serious problem when the pH increases suddenly due to abrupt water changes. These concepts have to be analized in the context of osmoregulation. All these factors are without doubt responsible for irreparable physiological damage that the fish suffer, and they must be considered as responsible for unnecessary mortality WHICH IS EVIDENT ONLY LATER. Fish under stress, even at a fairly early stage of responding, may show decreased resistance to disease. The filtration systems at exporters facilities are not well designed, they are not equipped with the proper filter media(e.g activated charcoal) or with other devices (protein skimmers) to handled the metabolic products of a heavy biological load. These are the reasons for frequent wipeouts at exporters holding facilities. The water quality criteria, as a must to anyone who is concerned with health of fish, are not applied either at the exporters nor the fisherfolk level. The workshops about water quality and filtration systems did provide to mem- bers of the Federation and the Haribon team, with the necessary tools to set up better and efficient holding facilities to develop their exporting busi- ness. The Federation of Fish Collectors of the Philippines are working hard to accomplish their main goals: -To assure the supply of net-caught fish; -To teach the application of Water Quality Criteria(water management) to the collectors and the operators of their holding facilities in Manila; and -To revise and modify their handling techniques and holding facilities. By implementing the above "factors" the Federation will gain the credibility and support of marine fish buyers because it will succeed in lowering mortali- ty rates (getting customers' satisfaction). This in turn will lead to the Federation's goals of achieving a self-sufficient livelihood for the fisher- folk. Of course coral reefs in this area will be a big winners also. INCENTIVES FOR AQUARIUM FISH COLLECTORS WHO HAVE BEEN CONVERTED TO USING NETS ARE NEEDED. Support and cooperation are a must to everyone involved in this trade (collectors, exporters, importers, reatailers and aquarium hobbyists) and avoiding conflicts which only slow down the process of change. The aquarium fish trade is one of many ( and not necessarily the largest) factors or agents impacting on coral reef ecosystems. Nevertheless, the aquarium industry is not any less responsible for what it has done and should not therefore discount its obligation to become environmentally friendly. In fact, we believe it is in its short-term and long-term interests to do so. This requirement extends to the collection of wild corals,reef fish "live rock" and marine invertebrates. Ocean Voice International is clearly taking an active role in finding practical solutions and in reconciling con- flicts between the aquarium trade and marine conservation needs. Thanks for your time. Your comments will be appreciated. Jaime Baquero Marine Biologist From hendee@wave Sun Aug 3 10:08:25 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA19867; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 10:08:14 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA04340; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 14:02:43 GMT Received: from freenet.carleton.ca by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA04335; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 10:02:38 -0400 Received: from freenet3.carleton.ca (freenet3.carleton.ca [134.117.1.22]) by freenet.carleton.ca (8.6.12/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA22768 for ; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 10:02:33 -0400 Received: by freenet3.carleton.ca (8.6.12/Sun-Client) id KAA12994; Thu, 3 Aug 1995 10:02:32 -0400 Date: Thu, 3 Aug 1995 10:02:32 -0400 Message-Id: <199508031402.KAA12994@freenet3.carleton.ca> From: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca (Jaime Baquero) To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Marine fauna exploitation. Part IV Reply-To: bd268@freenet.carleton.ca Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The fish are not acclimated to the physical and chemical conditions of the water, thus increasing the stress that the animals experienced from the moment they are harvested. At this point, it was critical to introduce the Water Quality Criteria new to the fisherfolk and PMP organizers. Several workshops were conducted with PMP organizers and fishermen from three commu- nities: San Salvador and Matain in the Province of Zambales and Bolinao in the Province of Pangasinan. At the workshops, samples of water from the shoreline, and from the bags holding the fish were tested to determine the concentrations of ammonia, nitrates, phosphates, specific gravity and tempera- ture. The results for the shoreline water were as expected for a non polluted area: pH 8.1-8.2 Ammonia 0.0 mg/l Nitrates 0.0 mg/l Phosphates 0.0 mg/l Specific gravity 1.024 Temperature 74-78 F. The samples of water from the bags in the three communities did show alarming readings, 12 different samples were tested, the results were all very close. Following are the averages: pH lower than 7.0 (6.0-6.5) Ammonia Higher than 0.8 mg/l Nitrates 15-20 mg/l Nitrites 0.0 mg/l Phosphates 0.1 mg/l Specific gravity >1.027 Temperature 78 F. The holding facilities at the exporters level, some of them are constructed with plywood covered with marine epoxy. The filtration systems design is very elementary and inefficient. The only filter media used is crushed coral( the use of other filtration media "bioballs" is not widespread; I saw two two ex- porters using them but the design and efficiency of the filters was considered poor). The use of protein skimmers is not widespread, some use them but the design is extremely poor if we consider the volumes of water their systems handle. There was and exporter using a primitive version ammonia towers(inefficient). An analisys of water was conducted at the holding facilities of an exporter. The results are the following: pH 7.9-8.0 Ammonia 0.2 mg/l Nitrates 80-100 mg/l Nitrites 0.1-0.2 mg/l Phosphates 1.0 mg/l Specific Gravity 1.022 Following.... Conclusion. Jaime Baquero. From hendee@wave Wed Aug 6 16:52:12 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA05766; Sun, 6 Aug 1995 16:52:02 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id UAA18317; Sun, 6 Aug 1995 20:49:43 GMT Received: from spider.usp.br by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id QAA18311; Sun, 6 Aug 1995 16:49:33 -0400 Received: (mabel@localhost) by spider.usp.br (8.6.10/SPIDER-CCE2.0) id RAA59528 Date: Sun, 6 Aug 1995 17:47:15 -0500 From: Mabel Augustowski Message-Id: <199508062247.RAA59528@spider.usp.br> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: info on Palithoa Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hi all, Palithoa is very common on the north coast of S.Paulo, and I've noted that some of them are white and grow just beside the yellow one. Is it another species or some kind of bleaching ? Mabel Augustowski Instituto Oceanografico Universidade de Sao Paulo e-mail: mabel@usp.br From hendee@wave Thu Aug 7 08:16:18 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA12358 for ; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 08:16:17 -0400 Received: from epic66.dep.state.fl.us by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA19996; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 08:16:17 -0400 Received: from mr.dep.state.fl.us by EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US (PMDF V4.3-7 #7204) id <01HTS9OON7SG000CDA@EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US>; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 08:18:28 EST Received: with PMDF-MR; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 08:18:18 EST MR-Received: by mta ARM1; Relayed; Mon, 07 Aug 1995 08:18:18 -0500 MR-Received: by mta EPIC66; Relayed; Mon, 07 Aug 1995 08:18:20 -0500 Date: Mon, 07 Aug 1995 09:00:08 -0500 (EST) From: "Walt, Jaap" Subject: info on Palithoa - Reply To: OWNER-CORAL-LIST@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <01HTS9OPGORA000CDA@mr.dep.state.fl.us> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Priority: normal UA-content-id: WPCORP X400-MTS-identifier: [;81818070805991/89451@ARM1] Hop-count: 2 Status: RO X-Status: Dear Mabel Augustowski: Thank you for your communication. I think that you are referring to Palythoa, a colonial zooanthid that occurs commonly in shallow reef and rock habitats. It is not uncommon for the colonies to turn stark white in mid to late summer or during periods of low wind and intense sun exposure. It is one of the first species to "bleach". When it bleaches, the stoma or mouths often contract and the surface appears to be without any structure. As long as the stress is not severe or long-lasting, the organism will recover and regain color in two months or less. From hendee@wave Thu Aug 7 11:29:36 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA18035; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 11:29:24 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA20857; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 15:23:54 GMT Received: from cheviot.ncl.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA20851; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 11:23:50 -0400 Received: from burnmoor.ncl.ac.uk by cheviot.ncl.ac.uk id (8.6.12/ for ncl.ac.uk) with SMTP; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 16:23:30 +0100 Received: from eata.ncl.ac.uk (eata.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.2.18]) by burnmoor.ncl.ac.uk (8.6.12/8.6.10-cf revision 2 for Solaris 2.x) with ESMTP id QAA28814; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 16:23:28 +0100 Received: (nnvcp@localhost) by eata.ncl.ac.uk (8.6.11/8.6.10-cf revision 1 for SunOS 4.1.x) id QAA14959; Mon, 7 Aug 1995 16:23:12 +0100 Date: Mon, 7 Aug 1995 16:23:12 +0100 (BST) From: "N.V.C. Polunin" To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: Moruroa Atoll In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Reinhold I am disappointed to see you are not attending our 'European Meeting of the International Society for Reef Studies here in Newcastle 5-9 September. Is there any chance you would care to come over and generate some discussion on the matter? NickP On Mon, 17 Jul 1995, Coral Health and Monitoring Program wrote: > > Greetings, > > The following message from Reinhold Leinfelder had some > transmission difficulties on his end and is herewith being > retransmitted. We apologize if this is a duplicate posting for you. > > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > | | > | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | > | Ocean Chemistry Division | > | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | > | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | > | Miami, Florida | > | USA | > | | > | Email: coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov | > | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.erl.gov | > | | > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > > > ================================ > > Dear Colleagues, > > The present situation at Moruroa Atoll should not only worry us but rather > demands some actions also from the Coral Health and Monitoring Group as > well as others working on reefs. As reef researchers we all know that reefs > are very porous systems which never will be dense and fence off nuclear > waste from the surrounding world. This is true even if the atoll will not > collapse due to the nuclear explosion. > > Particularly when judging from the fossil record reefs are highly porous, > open hydrological systems. This is why reefs form the majority of reservoir > rocks for giant oil fields. The fact that the oil is entrapped in the reefs > is not contradictory to this view: The reef reservoirs are sealed by > younger rocks or special tectonic situations. This is not possible in > modern reefs which hence are one of the most open hydrological systems. > Many oceanic atolls probably exhibit 'endo-upwelling' which is thought to > be caused by stronger heatflow above the volcanic basement, so that > additional to the generally high lateral permeability a vertical > permeability and water flow from down to the surface might be generated. > > THIS WAS PARTICULARLY SHOWN FOR MORUROA ATOLL by Rougerie, F. & Wauthy, B. > (1993): The endo-upwelling concept: from geothermal convection to reef > construction.- Coral Reefs, 12/1: 19-30, Heidelberg etc. (Springer > International). Knowing about these facts, we should open our mouths. > > I am no member of Greenpeace (I am Professor of Geology and Paleontology at > the University of Stuttgart, Germany) but it seems that Greenpeace is the > most active group in this aspect and that they try to follow a scientific > line, besides all public relation work which is certainly necessary as > well. They particularly demand more thorough studies prior to any tests. If > you are interested you may see their WWW-page: > http://www.greenpeace.org/~comms/rw/rwletter.html . At this page which is > from the Greenpeace REsearch Labs, Greenpeace presents a RATIONALE FOR A > PROGRAMME OF STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF FRENCH NUCLEAR TESTING AT > MORUROA AND FANGATAUFA. > Additional information is on http://www.greenpeace.org/~comms/rw/rw.html. > The e-mail address of Greenpeace research labs is: > where you could send a support > statement. > > Be it through Greenpeace, any other institution or directly to the French > government or embassy, please act in an appropriate manner as fast as you > can! > > Best wishes Reinhold Leinfelder > > ******************************************** > Reinhold Leinfelder > Institut fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie der Universitaet Stuttgart > Herdweg 51 > D-70174 Stuttgart > Germany > > e-mail: reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de > phone: ++49-711-1211340 > fax: ++49-711-1211341 > From hendee@wave Fri Aug 8 08:36:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA12519; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 08:36:11 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA24301; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 12:31:17 GMT Received: from cheviot.ncl.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA24296; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 08:31:13 -0400 Received: from burnmoor.ncl.ac.uk by cheviot.ncl.ac.uk id (8.6.12/ for ncl.ac.uk) with SMTP; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 13:31:06 +0100 Received: from eata.ncl.ac.uk (eata.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.2.18]) by burnmoor.ncl.ac.uk (8.6.12/8.6.10-cf revision 2 for Solaris 2.x) with ESMTP id NAA14204; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 13:31:04 +0100 Received: (nnvcp@localhost) by eata.ncl.ac.uk (8.6.11/8.6.10-cf revision 1 for SunOS 4.1.x) id NAA04715; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 13:31:03 +0100 Date: Tue, 8 Aug 1995 13:31:03 +0100 (BST) From: "N.V.C. Polunin" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: 'Population and Ecosystem Sustainability of Reef Fishing' Symposium at 8th ICRS Panama (24-29 June 1996) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following message from 8 July relates to anyone interested in a Symposium with the above title. I would be grateful if any of you interested in just being at this particular Symposium, or giving a paper, would let myself and John Munro know now, and certainly by 11 October. If you are doing either, a special welcome to you and to any ideas you may have about important themes for the subject! ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sat, 8 Jul 1995 15:58:56 +0100 (BST) From: N.V.C. Polunin To: APPELDOORN , BOEHLERT , BRUGGEMANN , CADDY , CARPENTER , CHRISTENSEN , CONAND , DEMARTINI , GALZIN , HATCHER , HUGHES , JENNINGS , KOSLOW , ORMOND , PAULYatubc , RAWLINSON , RUSS , SADOVY , VINCENT , WRIGHT Cc: MUNRO Subject: 'Population and Ecosystem Sustainability of Reef Fishing' Symposium at 8th ICRS Panama (24-29 June 1996) The proposal of John Munro and myself to hold this Symposium was finally accepted, and time is flying as ever. This focused meeting stands to be a most stimulating one, so thank you all of you who have expressed interest, or already agreed to give a paper; apologies to those who did neither! If any of you do not have details of the meeting, please do let the organisers at STRI (Panama; Maria Majela Brenes P: stri01.naos.brenesm@ic.si.edu) know. You should register by 1 December 1995. I can help if necessary, but will be away 12 July to 7 August inclusive. (1) ABSTRACTS Since the organisers require abstracts and a final programme by 1 November, it is very important that John Munro and myself between us have details of both in good time before then. The abstract format is included with registration details, but I can send a copy to anyone who lets me know.Please be sure to furnish your own SPANISH version (sic) because neither John nor myself can muster anything more than degraded Spanglish. PLEASE BE SURE TO GET ME OR JOHN YOUR ABSTRACT (ENGLISH + SPANISH) BY 11 OCTOBER! (2) PARTICIPATION As for the final programme, you should let us know whether or not you intend to participate. Clearly this will also require you to have the prospect of funding. Unfortunately we are not able to help anyone at this stage, but in some instances may be able to offer useful suggestions of possible sources, if you let us know. IF YOU INTEND TO BE THERE BUT NOT PRESENT A PAPER, PLEASE ALSO LET JOHN OR MYSELF KNOW BY 11 OCTOBER!! (3) SUGGESTIONS Both John Munro and I will welcome suggestions as to other possible participants, novel forms of communication (!) and means of dissemination other than the published Proceedings (e.g. books, co-authored reviews). EVEN IF YOU INTEND NEITHER TO PRESENT SOMETHING, NOR EVEN TO ATTEND, BUT MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO A GENERAL PUBLICATION OTHER THAN THE PROCEEDINGS, PLEASE LET JOHN OR MYSELF KNOW BY 11 OCTOBER!!! BUT the main things are that: you register if you are coming, you send us your abstract if you are intending to give something, and let us know if you are coming but will not present a paper. Thanks for your time, and see you there IF NOT BEFORE. Nicholas Polunin Department of Marine Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK Fax +44 191 222 7891 Tel +44 191 222 6675/6661 From hendee@wave Fri Aug 8 09:49:52 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA14938; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 09:49:40 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA24571; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 13:42:38 GMT Received: from cheviot.ncl.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA24566; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 09:42:34 -0400 Received: from burnmoor.ncl.ac.uk by cheviot.ncl.ac.uk id (8.6.12/ for ncl.ac.uk) with SMTP; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 14:42:30 +0100 Received: from eata.ncl.ac.uk (eata.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.2.18]) by burnmoor.ncl.ac.uk (8.6.12/8.6.10-cf revision 2 for Solaris 2.x) with ESMTP id OAA18090; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 14:42:29 +0100 Received: (nnvcp@localhost) by eata.ncl.ac.uk (8.6.11/8.6.10-cf revision 1 for SunOS 4.1.x) id OAA11045; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 14:42:28 +0100 Date: Tue, 8 Aug 1995 14:42:27 +0100 (BST) From: "N.V.C. Polunin" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov cc: MUNRO Subject: 'Population and Ecosystem Sustainability of Reef Fishing' Symposium at 8th ICRS Panama (24-29 June 1996) (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Herewith copy of a circular of 8 July about a symposium on the above subject. Anyone interested in the possibility of presenting a paper, or just attending, this particular symposium at the 8ICRS in Panama, please get in touch with myself and John Munro very soon. Abstracts where applicable will be required by us by 11 October. Nicholas Polunin Department of Marine Sciences University of Newcastle NE1 &RU, UK Fax +44 191 222 7891 Tel +44 191 222 6675/6659 ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sat, 8 Jul 1995 15:58:56 +0100 (BST) From: N.V.C. Polunin To: APPELDOORN , BOEHLERT , BRUGGEMANN , CADDY , CARPENTER , CHRISTENSEN , CONAND , DEMARTINI , GALZIN , HATCHER , HUGHES , JENNINGS , KOSLOW , ORMOND , PAULYatubc , RAWLINSON , RUSS , SADOVY , VINCENT , WRIGHT Cc: MUNRO Subject: 'Population and Ecosystem Sustainability of Reef Fishing' Symposium at 8th ICRS Panama (24-29 June 1996) The proposal of John Munro and myself to hold this Symposium was finally accepted, and time is flying as ever. This focused meeting stands to be a most stimulating one, so thank you all of you who have expressed interest, or already agreed to give a paper; apologies to those who did neither! If any of you do not have details of the meeting, please do let the organisers at STRI (Panama; Maria Majela Brenes P: stri01.naos.brenesm@ic.si.edu) know. You should register by 1 December 1995. I can help if necessary, but will be away 12 July to 7 August inclusive. (1) ABSTRACTS Since the organisers require abstracts and a final programme by 1 November, it is very important that John Munro and myself between us have details of both in good time before then. The abstract format is included with registration details, but I can send a copy to anyone who lets me know.Please be sure to furnish your own SPANISH version (sic) because neither John nor myself can muster anything more than degraded Spanglish. PLEASE BE SURE TO GET ME OR JOHN YOUR ABSTRACT (ENGLISH + SPANISH) BY 11 OCTOBER! (2) PARTICIPATION As for the final programme, you should let us know whether or not you intend to participate. Clearly this will also require you to have the prospect of funding. Unfortunately we are not able to help anyone at this stage, but in some instances may be able to offer useful suggestions of possible sources, if you let us know. IF YOU INTEND TO BE THERE BUT NOT PRESENT A PAPER, PLEASE ALSO LET JOHN OR MYSELF KNOW BY 11 OCTOBER!! (3) SUGGESTIONS Both John Munro and I will welcome suggestions as to other possible participants, novel forms of communication (!) and means of dissemination other than the published Proceedings (e.g. books, co-authored reviews). EVEN IF YOU INTEND NEITHER TO PRESENT SOMETHING, NOR EVEN TO ATTEND, BUT MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO A GENERAL PUBLICATION OTHER THAN THE PROCEEDINGS, PLEASE LET JOHN OR MYSELF KNOW BY 11 OCTOBER!!! BUT the main things are that: you register if you are coming, you send us your abstract if you are intending to give something, and let us know if you are coming but will not present a paper. Thanks for your time, and see you there IF NOT BEFORE. Nicholas Polunin From hendee@wave Sat Aug 9 11:31:52 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA13883; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 11:31:42 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA29583; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 15:29:10 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA29578; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 11:29:07 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA24444; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 11:29:06 -0400 Date: Wed, 9 Aug 1995 11:29:06 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: SEAKEYS Abstract Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: As part of our continuing effort to distribute information regarding coral health and monitoring, we are circulating the following abstract: Ogden,-J.C.; Porter,-J.W.; Smith,-N.P.; Szmant,-A.M.; Jaap,-W.C.; Forcucci,-D.1994. A long-term interdisciplinary study of the Florida Keys seascape. BULL.-MAR.-SCI. 54(3):1059-1071 The SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program is a research framework which encompasses the large geographic scale and long time scale of natural marine processes and ecosystem variation upon which human impact is superimposed. The need for interdisciplinary long-term research in coastal ecosystems in critical as we anticipate extraordinary resource management obligations and scientific opportunities in the next decade. The core of the program is six instrumented, satellite-linked monitoring stations which span the 220 mile-long coral reef tract and Florida Bay and which, since 1991, have documented the potential impact of summer heating, winter cold fronts, storms, and distant floods. Meso- scale physical oceanographic studies have documented the net flow of water from Florida Bay to Hawk Channel which provides a potential mechanism to link water quality in Florida Bay with the waters of Sanctuary. Water column and sediment nutrient studies have shown elevated nutrient levels in nearshore waters decreasing sharply to low levels near the offshore coral reef tract. There is a potential link of nearshore and offshore via a seaward deflection in the near-bottom flow. Regional nutrient dynamics are complicated by periodic upwelling driven by the Florida Current. A series of long-term photomosaic stations have tracked coral community dynamics for more than 5 years and have indicated a loss of over 40% in coral cover at some sites. This loss may be linked to declining water quality in Florida Bay. As a large marine ecosystem, the new Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and adjoining parks and reserve must be studied and managed holistically if human use of the region is to be sustained. From hendee@wave Fri Aug 8 21:23:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA00566; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 21:23:26 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA27231; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 23:44:28 GMT Received: from NIC.NOAA.GOV by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA27226; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 19:44:23 -0400 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV; Tue, 8 Aug 1995 19:42:05 - 0400 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV with SMTP id AA09410 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Tue, 8 Aug 1995 19:42:05 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 8 Aug 1995 18:43:19 U From: "Mark Eakin" Subject: FWD>Open Invitation to Mari To: "Recipients of coral-list" X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP/QM 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Mail*Link(r) SMTP FWD>Open Invitation to Marine Biodiversity FYI. This announcement just arrived. -------------------------- [Original Message] ------------------------- The following article comes from EcoNet, a non-profit network for progressive communication. For more information about EcoNet, send a blank e-mail message to: econet-info@igc.apc.org. Written Aug 7, 1995 by bionet@igc.apc.org in the igc conference biodiversity INVITATION TO PARIS WORKSHOP ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN THE MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENT August 3, 1995 Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to invite you to participate in a TWO-DAY WORKSHOP ON MARINE AND COASTAL BIODIVERSITY, to be held September 2 - 3, 1995 at the Paris Headquarters of the U.N. Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The workshop will be immediately followed by the first meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA) under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The SBSTTA meeting, September 4 - 8, will also be held at UNESCOs Paris Headquarters. Our workshop is designed to help governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) prepare for the second meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP2) to the CBD in November; a major focus of the COP2 meeting will be how the CBD should be applied to coastal and marine biodiversity. More specifically, the workshop will heand initiatives in the area of marine and coastal biodiversity that could be taken at the COP2 meeting. We anticipate roughly 100 participants in the workshop; most will likely be participating in the SBSTTA meeting as well. All governments that are signatories to the CBD are being invited to attend. Other invitees include major UN agencies, other IGOs and NGOs from around the world working on marine and coastal biodiversity and effective implementation of the CBD. In addition to IUCN - The World Conservation Union, co-sponsors of the workshop include, among others: Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET) (U.S.), Environmental Liaison Centre International (ELCI) (Kenya), the Government of Sweden, International Development Research Centre (Canada), and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). A more detailed description of the workshop (including a list of all the co-sponsors) is attached, along with a provisional program, relevant logistical information and an ISSUES PAPER. The program for the workshop is being organized around the ISSUES PAPER which is currently being developed by IUCN in collaboration with the other co-sponsors. The ISSUES PAPER will identify and examine a set of priority policy issues and options for action particularly at the COP2 meeting in the area of marine and coastal biodiversity. The final version of the ISSUES PAPER - a STEPS FORWARD PAPER, reflecting the Paris workshop discussions and wide input from other quarters - will contain a set of specific recommendations for decisions and actions that governments should take at the COP2 meeting. The STEPS FORWARD PAPER will be circulated widely to governments and others in advance of the COP2 meeting, most likely in October. There are a number of key logistical points to mention: INTERPRETATION: The workshop will have French, Spanish and English interpretation. ACCOMMODATIONS: A list of hotels located near the UNESCO building is attached. FUNDING FOR PARTICIPANTS: Some limited funding is available to cover hotel and per diem costs for developing country and indigenous participants. In this regard, if you are interested in attending the workshop, but are unable to do so without some support, please contact Mr. Sheldon Cohen (see below) as soon as possible. Please feel free to extend this invitation to any colleagues or contacts who are participating in the SBSTTA meeting, or individuals who you think would be interested in attending the workshop. On the governmental side, it is our hope that officials charged with developing marine and coastal biodiversity policies and positions around the COP2 meeting will be able to attend. To help ensure adequate geographic balance, we ask that each invited government, institution or NGO seek to limit their participation to one or two representatives. Please direct any responses or inquiries to: Mr. Sheldon Cohen/Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET)/1400 16th Street, N.W. Suite 502/Washington, D.C. 20036 USA/ Phone: 1.202.547.8902/ Fax: 1.202.265.0222/ Email: bionet@igc.apc.org. We look forward to your early response. Most sincerely, David McDowell Director-General, IUCN - The World Conservation Union ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MARINE AND COASTAL BIODIVERSITY A workshop in preparation for the second Conference of the Parties (COP2) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in November 1995 ANNOUNCEMENT DATE: September 2 - 3, 1995 (Saturday and Sunday) TIME: 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. LOCATION: Conference Room #9 at United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Headquarters in Paris, France (Address: 7, place de Fontenoy; Metro stations: Cambronne or Ecole Militaire) PARTICIPANTS: About 100 participants will include: governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and others SPONSORS: IUCN - The World Conservation Union, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Government of Sweden, International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET), Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL), Environmental Liaison Centre International (ELCI), Indigenous Peoples' Biodiversity Network, and International Marine Conservation Network (IMCN) BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. The second meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP2) under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) will be held November 6 - 17, 1995 in Jakarta. How the CBD should be applied to coastal and marine biodiversity is a major focus of the COP2 meeting. To take the fullest advantage of this opportunity, the Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET) has catalyzed an NGO campaign on marine and coastal biodiversity centered around stimulating needed actions by governments at the COP2 meeting. A major component of this campaign will be a two-day preparatory workshop for governments, NGOs, and IGOs to help identify and build support for such actions. We have linked the timing and location of our preparatory workshop with the first meeting of the CBD's Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA), which will be held at UNESCO Headquarters September 4 - 8, immediately following the preparatory workshop. Therefore, we anticipate that most of the participants in our workshop will also be attending the SBSTTA meeting. An ISSUES PAPER is currently being developed by the above co-sponsors to serve as the primary background document for guiding the discussions at the Paris workshop. The final version of this document - a STEPS FORWARD PAPER - will reflect the Paris workshop discussions and other inputs, and will contain a set of specific recommendations for action by governments at the COP2 meeting. The STEPS FORWARD PAPER will be circulated to COP2 participants and others in advance of the meeting. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Ideas, comments and inquiries regarding the workshop should be sent to: Sheldon Cohen, Coordinator or Jill Bukovac, Intern Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET) 1400 16th Street, N.W. Suite 502 Washington, D.C. 20036 USA Telephone: 202.547.8902/Fax: 202.265.0222/Email: bionet@igc.apc.org -------------------------------------------------------------------------- MARINE AND COASTAL BIODIVERSITY A workshop in preparation for the second Conference of the Parties (COP2) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in November 1995 PROVISIONAL PROGRAM* Saturday, September 2 SESSION I: OPENING SESSION Welcoming remarks, introduction to the Biodiversity Convention and its application to marine and coastal biodiversity, objectives and procedures of the workshop SESSION II: PROTECTING IMPORTANT ECOSYSTEMS AND HABITATS Marine protected areas: building management capacity/involving local communities, a global representative system of marine protected areas, ecosystem management approaches SESSION III: DEVELOPING MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES Building capacity, promoting benefit sharing from the utilization of marine genetic resources SESSION IV: FILLING INFORMATION GAPS Building information capacities within countries, potential role of the CBD's clearinghouse mechanism and Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA), a global biodiversity inventory, a better understanding of the major causes of biodiversity loss Sunday, September 3 SESSION V: ENSURING SUSTAINABLE MARICULTURE Global and regional trends: production, trade, aid and consumption; potential impacts of mariculture on biodiversity loss; developing guidelines and standards to help ensure sustainable mariculture SESSION VI: PREVENTING AND REDUCING MARINE POLLUTION Integrated coastal zone management, Washington Conference on Land-Based Activities/CBD linkages SESSION VII: ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES Protection of artisanal fisheries and community-based management regimes, achieving sustainability in commercial fisheries, linkages between the CBD and other international agreements and processes SESSION VIII: PREVENTING EXOTIC SPECIES INTRODUCTIONS A new international regulatory framework CLOSING SESSION (Review of draft workshop report, discussion of how to carry work forward at SBSTTA and COP2 Meetings) * Items under each session indicate likely topics to be covered. Sessions will focus on how the CBD applies to these areas and specific steps that can be taken at the SBSTTA and COP2 meetings to help achieve progress in these areas. Each session will include extensive discussion periods. Ideas, comments and inquiries regarding the workshop should be sent to: Sheldon Cohen, Coordinator or Jill Bukovac, Intern/Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET)/1400 16th Street, N.W. Suite 502/Washington, D.C. 20036 USA/Telephone: 202.547.8902/Fax: 202.265.0222/ Email:bionet@igc.apc.org. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MARINE AND COASTAL BIODIVERSITY A workshop in preparation for the second Conference of the Parties (COP2) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in November 1995 LOGISTICAL INFORMATION EQUIPMENT. The following equipment will be available for use during the workshop: slide and overhead projectors, literature table, and photocopier. INTERPRETATION. Simultaneous interpretation will be provided in English, Spanish and French. HOTELS. The following hotels are located within a walking distance to the UNESCO Headquarters building, the venue for the workshop: HOTEL IBIS CAMBRONE 2 rue Cambronne 75015 Paris Tel: +331.45.67.35.20 or 45.67.97.04 Fax: +331.45.66.49.58 Single Room: $85 Double Room: $95 HOTEL du TOURISME 66 Avenue de la Motte Piquet 75015 Paris Tel: +331.47.34.28.01 Fax: +331.47.83.66.54 Single Room: $77 (breakfast included) Double Room: $87 (breakfast included) HOTEL SEGUR 34 Boulevard Garibaldi 75015 Paris Tel: +331.43.06.01.85 Fax: +331.47.34.30.82 Single Room: $84 Double Room: $96 HOTEL BAILLY de SUFFREN 149 Avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris Tel: +331.47.34.58.61 Fax: +331.45.67.75.82 Single Room: $113 Double Room: $123 HOTEL de L AVRE 21 rue de l Avre 75015 Paris Tel: +331.45.75.31.03 Fax: +331.45.75.63.26 Single Room: $56 (breakfast included) Double Room: $72 (breakfast included) HOTEL BALDI 24 Boulevard Garibaldi 75015 Paris Tel: +331.47.83.20.10 Fax: +331.44.49.08.72 Single Room: $72 $77 Double Room: $79 $83 Support for hotel and per diem costs. Some limited funding is available to cover hotel and per diem costs for developing country and indigenous participants. In this regard, if you are interested in attending the workshop, but are unable to do so without some support, please contact Mr. Sheldon Cohen (see below) as soon as possible. PLEASE DIRECT ANY RESPONSES OR INQUIRIES TO: Mr. Sheldon Cohen or Ms. Jill Bukovac/Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET)/1400 16th Street, N.W. Suite 502/Washington, D.C. 20036 USA/ Phone: 1.202.547.8902/ Fax: 1.202.265.0222/Email: bionet@igc.apc.org. CONTACT INFORMATION IN PARIS. A special workshop coordination office within the UNESCO building will be in operation during Thursday through Sunday, August 31 - September 3. The phone number will be available in the near future through BIONET. From hendee@wave Sat Aug 9 21:31:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA05466; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 21:30:56 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id BAA01610; Thu, 10 Aug 1995 01:24:30 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id VAA01605; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 21:24:27 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id VAA25387; Wed, 9 Aug 1995 21:24:26 -0400 Date: Wed, 9 Aug 1995 21:24:25 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: El Nino; Coral-associated marine heterotrophs Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: We are attempting to catch up on our coral health abstracts (listed at our Home Page http://coral.aoml.erl.gov), namely from 1994 to present. Here are two from 1994: Lough, J.M. 1994. Climate variation and El Nino-Southern Oscillation events on the Great Barrier Reef: 1958 to 1987. Coral Reefs 13(3): 181-195. Seasonal and inter-annual variation of several surface climate variables near the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) are described for the 30-year period, 1958-1987. Large inter-annual variability of rainfall and river flow in coastal Queensland is linked to the aperiodic influences of El Nino-Southern Oscillation events. These events also affect sea surface temperature and wind fields, though the inter-annual variability of these variables is not as large as rainfall and river flow. The major impacts on waters of the GBR appear to be greatly increased freshwater inputs, reduced surface radiation (and thus light levels) and enhanced tropical cyclone activity during anti-El Nino events. El Nino events have less effect on climate of the GBR because they tend to maintain winter-like conditions. The effects of this background of high variability in the physical environment on reef processes must be considered when examining changes in such processes, changes in climate (e.g. due to global warming) or increases in anthropogenic impacts. ============================ Ritchie, K.B.; Smith, G.W. 1994. Carbon source utilization patterns of coral associated marine heterotrophs. 3rd International Marine Biotechnology Conference: Program, Abstracts and List of Participants. International Advisory Comm. of the Int. Marine Biotechnology Conference 1994, Tromsoe Norway TROMSOE NORWAY TROMSOE UNIVERSITY 1994 p. 118 Very little information exists on the structure of bacterial communities associated with scleractinian corals. Interest, however, in both community structure and changes in structure, has increased due to the realization that bacteria may play a major role in certain types of bleaching events. We have determined carbon utilization patterns for heterotrophic bacterial communities associated with the hard corals Monastrea annularis and Acropora cervicornis. Surface samples were taken from both healthy and bleached areas of the corals growing off the coast of San Salvador Island, Bahamas. Similar population shifts were observed in both species during bleaching, and results indicate a pathogenic bacterium may be responsible for white band disease. From hendee@wave Wed Aug 13 14:37:33 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA15783; Sun, 13 Aug 1995 14:36:52 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA08175; Sun, 13 Aug 1995 18:17:09 GMT Received: from mar.icmyl.unam.mx by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA08168; Sun, 13 Aug 1995 14:17:05 -0400 Received: by mar.icmyl.unam.mx (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA01365; Sun, 13 Aug 1995 12:15:42 +0600 Date: Sun, 13 Aug 1995 12:15:41 -0600 (CST) From: Jordan Dahlgren Eric X-Sender: jordan@mar To: Coral-list Subject: Coral Reef Management in Latin America VIII Coral Reef Symposium Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII content-length: 1682 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT IN LATIN AMERICA, A bi-lingual invitation: Como ya deben saber por la circular, estamos organizando un simposion sobre el manejo de arrecifes coralinos en America latina (Jorge Cortes, Hector Guzman y un servidor). Esperamos poder incluir un amplio rango de topicos relacionados con investigacion, conservacion y manejo, con la mira de poder discutir ampliamente en Panama 1966, cual es la situacion actual en nuestros paises, intercambiar experiencias y llegar a conclusiones que puedan ser de utilidad para todos nosotros. Necesitamos una amplia participacion. POR FAVOR DISTRIBUYE ESTA INVITACION A TODOS LOS COLEGAS INTERESADOS. Necesitamos su resumen a mas tardar la primera semana de octubre para poder organizar el evento. Lo pueden enviar a la direccion y fax inbajo o si prefieren por este medio. -------------------------------- We (Jorge Cortes, Hector Guzman and Eric Jordan) are organizing a symposium on coral reef management in Latin America, as must of you should be aware by now. We hope to include a wide range of topics related to research, conservation and management, and whithin that framework be able to hold interesting discussions on Panama, about the actual situation in different countries, share experieces and hopefully be able to arrive to conclusions that may prove usefull to all of us. We need your participation !!. Be so kind to DISTRIBUTE THIS INVITATION AMONG INTERESTED COLLEAGUES and please, send your abstract by the first week of October, so that we would be able to organize the program. Send your abstract to: Dr. Eric Jordan Dahlgren Ap. Postal 833, Cancun 77500, Q. Roo MEXICO From hendee@wave Thu Aug 14 08:09:20 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA02805; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 08:09:10 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA09327; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 12:07:14 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA09322; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 08:07:12 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA16699; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 08:07:12 -0400 Date: Mon, 14 Aug 1995 08:07:11 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: recent papers: cyclone damage & recovery? (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Following message has been forwarded: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Mon, 14 Aug 1995 13:08:57 EST From: MARJI PUOTINEN To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Re: recent papers: cyclone damage & recovery? Dear Netters, I am a PhD student investigating the impact of tropical cyclones on coral reefs of the Great Barrier Reef Region. If anyone is aware of very recent journal articles, conference proceedings, etc that have not yet made it into the literature, I would greatly appreciate it. In return, I promise to post a copy of my bibliography to the list once completed. Thanks in advance! Marji Puotinen --------------------------------------------- | MARJETTA L. PUOTINEN | | Tropical Envir. Studies & Geography Dept. | | James Cook University of North Queensland | | Townsville, QLD 4811 AUSTRALIA | | Phone (077)81-5565 Fax (077)81-4020 | | Internet: PMAP@cathar.jcu.edu.au | | tgmp@ikarus.jcu.edu.au | --------------------------------------------- From hendee@wave Mon Aug 11 11:43:31 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA13125; Fri, 11 Aug 1995 11:43:23 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA05378; Fri, 11 Aug 1995 15:40:55 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA05373; Fri, 11 Aug 1995 11:40:52 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA09961; Fri, 11 Aug 1995 11:40:52 -0400 Date: Fri, 11 Aug 1995 11:40:52 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral reef biodiversity abstract Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: As part of our continuing effort to distribute information regarding coral health and monitoring, we are circulating the following abstract: Sebens, K.P. 1994. Biodiversity of coral reefs: What are we losing and why? Am. Zool. 34(1): 115-133. Coral reefs are threatened by numerous anthropogenic impacts, some of which have already had major effects worldwide. These unique tropical environments harbor a high diversity of corals, reef invertebrates, fish and other animals and plants. In most taxa, the species diversity of reef-associated organisms is poorly understood because many of the species have yet to be collected and described. High coral mortality has been associated with natural events such as hurricanes, predator outbreaks and periods of high temperature, but has also resulted from excess nutrients in sewage and from specific pollutants. Reef corals and associated organisms are also threatened by the possibility of global warming which will result in rising sea levels and periods of increased temperature stress, and which may also bring increased storm frequency and intensity. Although the recent extensive episodes of coral bleaching in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific cannot be causally related to global warming at this time, the close link between bleaching and temperature suggests that global warming will result in severe changes in coral assemblages. Major reef destruction has followed outbreaks of the predatory seastar Acanthaster planci in the Pacific. Although this is considered part of a natural disturbance cycle, there are indications that altered land use patterns and reduction of predators on this seastar by human activities may have increased the severity of outbreaks. Recreational and commercial use of reefs has also increased, and has caused extensive damage, especially near areas of high population density. One of the most obvious and widespread losses to reef biota is the reduction in fish populations from intense overfishing in most reef areas of the world. Coasts without adequately managed reefs have suffered intense overfishing for both local and export purposes, to the point where the positive effects of fish on those reefs have been compromised. The combination of these destructive factors has altered reefs in all localities, and many that were once considered protected by distance and low population density are now being exploited as well. On the positive side, improved understanding of ecological processes on reefs combined with concerted conservation efforts have managed to protect some extensive areas of reef for the future. From hendee@wave Thu Aug 14 10:29:17 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA07260; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 10:29:01 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA09662; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 14:25:57 GMT Received: from jaguar1.usouthal.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA09657; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 10:25:54 -0400 Received: by jaguar1.usouthal.edu (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA05811; Mon, 14 Aug 1995 09:28:20 -0500 Date: Mon, 14 Aug 1995 09:28:19 -0500 (CDT) From: "Erich M. Mueller" Reply-To: "Erich M. Mueller" Subject: change of address To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII content-length: 481 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Friends & Colleagues, Please note my address and number changes. The Florida Keys Marine Research Center is located on Pigeon Key, FL. Please contact me after 1 Sept. if you have questions or need facilities on the island. I can be reached via email sooner if you need info more quickly. Mote Marine Laboratory Florida Keys Marine Research Center P.O. Box 500895 Marathon, FL 33050 phone: (305) 289-4282 FAX: (305) 289-9664 email: FKMRC@aol.com From hendee@wave Fri Aug 15 20:44:34 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA11078; Tue, 15 Aug 1995 20:44:21 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id AAA14558; Wed, 16 Aug 1995 00:40:45 GMT Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id UAA14553; Tue, 15 Aug 1995 20:40:41 -0400 Received: from uhunix3.its.Hawaii.Edu ([128.171.44.52]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <11403(1)>; Tue, 15 Aug 1995 14:40:26 -1000 Received: by uhunix3.its.Hawaii.Edu id <464502>; Tue, 15 Aug 1995 14:40:24 -1000 Date: Tue, 15 Aug 1995 14:40:21 -1000 From: Cindy Hunter To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: 8ICRS Abstract Deadlines--New Approaches/Clonal Organisms Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: New Approaches to Understanding the Evolution of Clonal Organisms 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama June 24-29, 1996 Dear Colleague: A symposium addressing new methods in cellular, biochemical and molecular research on the evolution of clonal organisms will be held at the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama, June 24-29, 1996. We are presently finalizing our list of speakers and request that all interested researchers confirm their participation in this symposium prior to September 8. All symposium participants are also requested to submit abstracts (in English and Spanish--please see 8ICRCS Circular for Abstract forms and formats) to the symposia organizers before October 18. We will then forward all abstracts received to the Panama organizers prior to their November 1 deadline. If you have questions or need additional information, please contact either of us at the addresses listed below. Please send confirmation of participation and completed abstracts to Cindy Hunter--again, by October 18. Thank you for your interest. We look forward to an exciting session! Co-organizers: Cynthia L. Hunter Buki Rinkevich Botany Department Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research Ltd. 3190 Maile Way University of Hawaii Tel Shikmona, P.O.B 8030 Honolulu, HI 96822 Haifa, 31080 USA ISRAEL tel: (808) 956-3946 tel: (972) 4-515202 fax: (808) 956-3923 fax: (972) 4-511911 email: cindyh@hawaii.edu From hendee@wave Sat Aug 16 10:05:39 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA21098; Wed, 16 Aug 1995 10:05:25 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA15254; Wed, 16 Aug 1995 13:58:50 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA15249; Wed, 16 Aug 1995 09:58:47 -0400 Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.19]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id JAA09686 for ; Wed, 16 Aug 1995 09:58:37 -0400 Date: Wed, 16 Aug 1995 09:58:37 -0400 Message-Id: <199508161358.JAA09686@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: szmant@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu Subject: Coral Spawning Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Last night we observed several large colonies of Acropora palmata spawn on a reef at the sothern end of Biscayne National Park, Florida. Bundle formation began ca. 10 pm and most of the spawning was between 10:30 and 11 pm. Most of the colonies on the reef did not spawn. We'd be interested in hearing about other observations of Acropora spawning (there was no A. cervicornis on our reef but it was expected to spawn at about the same time). We are expecting Montastraea spawning over the next 3 nights with Thursday night (August 17) being the most likely (again 10:30 - 11:30 pm). ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant RSMAS-MBF, University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami FL 33149 Tel: (305)361-4609 FAX: (305)361-4600 e-mail: ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU **************************************************************** From hendee@wave Sun Aug 17 14:01:06 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA08864; Thu, 17 Aug 1995 13:59:21 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA17195; Thu, 17 Aug 1995 15:59:27 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA17190; Thu, 17 Aug 1995 11:59:24 -0400 Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.19]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id LAA10797 for ; Thu, 17 Aug 1995 11:59:13 -0400 Date: Thu, 17 Aug 1995 11:59:13 -0400 Message-Id: <199508171559.LAA10797@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: szmant@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu Subject: more spawning Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Last night all three sibling species of Montastraea "annularis" spawned on a reef in Biscayne National Park from 9:30 pm (M. franksi) to 10:30 to 11:30 pm (M. annularis and faveolata). Heavy spawning was observed but not all colonies spawned. The one colony of Acropora palmata on this reef did not spawn. No other species were observed to spawn. We'd like to hear from other observers!! We plan to be out there again tonight. Cheers... ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant RSMAS-MBF, University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami FL 33149 Tel: (305)361-4609 FAX: (305)361-4600 e-mail: ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU **************************************************************** From hendee@wave Mon Aug 18 13:54:54 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA05579; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 13:54:48 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA18916; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 14:29:26 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA18910; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 10:25:41 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id KAA16767; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 10:25:40 -0400 Date: Fri, 18 Aug 1995 10:25:40 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: C-MAN funding Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following message from Dr. John Ogden (jogden@seas.marine.usf.edu) of the Florida Institute of Oceanography is herewith forwarded to the coral-list group: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ATTENTION: USERS OF C-MAN DATA IN THE FLORIDA KEYS Two weeks ago we met with Doug Scally of the NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) to discuss the dismantling in October of the network of oceanographically enhanced C-MAN stations which we installed and operated in the Florida Keys from 1989-1995. While the utility of the system and the importance of the data have been amply documented by many users and relevant NOAA agencies, the FIO has not been successful in turning this interest into funding. When we began in 1989, there were two National Weather Service (NWS) C- MAN stations at Molasses and Sombrero Reefs. We enhanced these with oceanographic (temperature, salinity, and light) sensors and added 4 more enhanced C-MAN stations (Fowey Rocks, Long Key (Florida Bay), Sand Key, and Dry Tortugas) to form a network encompassing the geographic scale of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. We operated these stations with the cooperation of NDBC for 4 years, generating unique data on storms, annual temperature cycles, and floods and gaining a great amount of experience in coastal monitoring. We also learned a great deal about the deployment of sensors in biofouling coastal environments and the application of this infrastructure to ground-truth satellite observations. Most of the annual budget supported two persons and a computer facility for on-site data reduction at our Keys Marine Laboratory, and a boat, trailer and truck for weekly maintenance of the stations. Our staff also worked with a variety investigators on related physical and chemical studies and made data available in demand to many users. With the help of NDBC, the NWS has taken over the funding of the C-MAN portions (not the oceanographic sensors) of the stations at Fowey and Dry Tortugas. Thus, we will be left with 4 meteorological stations (Fowey, Molasses, Sombrero, and Dry Torugas). However, loss of the Keys-wide oceanographic observations and our staff at KML will cripple the baseline data requirements for the major management actions planned in south Florida and will damage the development of oceanographic observational capabilities basic to adaptive management. As our staff was a key element in system maintenance, their loss will compromise even the meteorological observations. We need a minimum of support to carry us next year. We will use the time to continue to seek funding partners and to assess the data users to define minimum data needs. With a little time, we feel that we can "strategically downsize" the system while serving the future needs of scientists and managers in the region. An abrupt dismantling of the system will essentially waste 5 years of cooperative effort and nearly $1 million in private, state, and federal funds. You can help by making your voice heard. John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 From hendee@wave Mon Aug 18 13:56:39 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA05612; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 13:56:22 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA19619; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 17:35:24 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA19607; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 13:32:40 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id NAA17099; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 13:32:38 -0400 Date: Fri, 18 Aug 1995 13:32:38 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coastwatch and C-MAN fixes Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: -- Coastwatch -- We have modified source code which extracts Coastwatch data for presentation on our Home Page so that you may now better observe relative temperature differences for South Florida images. Note the color bar at the bottom of each image. Soon we hope to add images from Hawaii and the Caribbean. Once again please note that these images are only meant to give a rough idea of sea surface temperatures in the region. You may compare the images with postings of actual temperatures on the C-MAN pages. To obtain the actual Coastwatch images, which can present fairly accurate temperatures as well as latitude and longitude at your cursor, contact Arthur Chester at: achester@hatteras.bea.nmfs.gov -- C-MAN -- A problem with parsing salinities at the Sand Key C-MAN station has been fixed. The salinity meter at Sombrero Key is not working. A problem with daily updates of the C-MAN data has been fixed. The problem mainly lies in not being able to get the raw data via FTP--it is only available via modem. Sometimes the modem is not successful in collecting the data from the remote site (Wallups Island, VA). We hope to be able access the data via FTP in the not-too-distant future. We anticipate posting some of the historical Florida Institute of Oceanography (FIO) enhanced C-MAN data (salinity, PAR, sea temperature) within the next couple of weeks. If you have a need for the historical or real-time FIO-enhanced C-MAN data please let us know soon. Sincerely yours, The Coral Health and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) coral@coral.aoml.erl.gov From hendee@wave Mon Aug 18 19:16:52 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA14505; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 19:16:23 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA20657; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 23:14:38 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA20652; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 19:14:35 -0400 Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.19]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id TAA11606 for ; Fri, 18 Aug 1995 19:14:30 -0400 Date: Fri, 18 Aug 1995 19:14:30 -0400 Message-Id: <199508182314.TAA11606@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: szmant@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu Subject: more spawning Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A The folks at Biscayne National Park documented more spawning by at least two of the Montastraea species of coral again Thursday night a bit later than on Wednesday night. Some of the same colonies were observed to spawn & some that did not spawn on WEednesday spawned. I heard from nancy Knowlton from STRI in Panama, and they did have some spawning in San Blas, but they think that many of their corals will spawn in September since they appear to have unripe gonads at this time. Acropora palmata was observed to spawn Wednesday night by John Halas in Key Largo (we observed it Tuesday night in BNP). We have larval cultures from these 4 species (3 M. annularis sibs & A. palmata) going in the lab & in the field to see if we can get settlement. Would like to hear about spawning by other species??? ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant RSMAS-MBF, University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami FL 33149 Tel: (305)361-4609 FAX: (305)361-4600 e-mail: ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU **************************************************************** From hendee@wave Tue Aug 19 10:58:51 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA22381; Sat, 19 Aug 1995 10:58:42 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA21368; Sat, 19 Aug 1995 14:56:55 GMT Received: from polaris.ncs.nova.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA21363; Sat, 19 Aug 1995 10:56:51 -0400 Received: by polaris.ncs.nova.edu (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA29400; Sat, 19 Aug 1995 10:58:39 -0400 Date: Sat, 19 Aug 1995 10:58:38 -0400 (EDT) From: JOSHUA Feingold X-Sender: joshua@polaris To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Cc: Joshua Feingold Subject: Yet More Coral Spawning Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII content-length: 1081 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: In a follow-up to Alina Szmant's observations, spawning of Acropora palmata was observed last night (18 August) on Molassas Reef, Key Largo, Florida. Pink-orange bundles were observed in the upper gastrovascular cavity at 2148 hrs in 4 of 8 colonies. Bundle release commenced at 2238 hrs and ended at 2309 hrs. Surprisingly, the first portions of the colony to become active were along the margins and undersides of branches. Activity (spawning or planulation) was not observed in any other coral species, including Montastrea annularis, Colpophyllia natans, Diploria labyrinthiformis, Siderastrea siderea, Siderastrea radians, Favia fragum and Dichocoenia stokesii. However, other dive vessels (at Key Largo Dry Rocks) did report spawning activity in "star coral" (probably Montastrea sp.). Our observations were made from 2109 hrs (18 August) through 0008 hrs (19 August). Following spawning, bundles floated to the surface where snorkelers reported that they were being eaten by "hoards of fish". Nancy Gassman and Joshua Feingold joshua@polaris.ncs.nova.edu From hendee@wave Tue Aug 19 23:40:09 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id XAA06076; Sat, 19 Aug 1995 23:40:00 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id DAA22039; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 03:12:31 GMT Received: from extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id XAA22034; Sat, 19 Aug 1995 23:12:25 -0400 Received: from linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au (linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.AU [129.78.177.10]) by extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU (8.6.10/8.6.10) with SMTP id NAA15323 for ; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 13:12:15 +1000 Received: from a08pc-20.bio.usyd.edu.AU by linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au; (5.65/1.1.8.2/12Aug94-0642PM) id AA00103; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 13:17:34 +1000 Date: Sun, 20 Aug 1995 13:17:34 +1000 Message-Id: <9508200317.AA00103@linnaeus.bio.usyd.edu.au> X-Sender: oveh@mail.bio.usyd.edu.au X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au (Ove Hoegh-Guldberg) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear all, As was announced in the Second Circular for the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, we are organising sessions of contributed papers on "Nutrient dynamics and coral reef ecosystems". We are putting out our "last call" for speakers and rseaerch groups interested in particpating. We are interested papers in these general areas: 1. Biochemical and Physiological Processes and Mechanisms 2. Ecosystem scale changes in response to nutrient perturbations 3. Policy Implementation: science and management We hope you will join us in these sessions. Please communicate your interest (and provisional titles) to one of us (Hoegh-Guldberg) by e-mail, as soon as possibel With thanks and anticipation, Sincerely, Dr Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Professor Tony Larkum Mr Andrew Steven School of Biological Sciences University of Sydney Building A08 University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Ph: +61 2 351 2389 Fax: +61 2 351 4119 email: oveh@bio.usyd.edu.au ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Ph: (02) 351-2389 School of Biological Sciences Fax: (02) 351-4119 Building A08 Country code Australia = 61 University of Sydney 2006 NSW Australia ------------------------------------------------------------------------- From hendee@wave Wed Aug 20 20:09:44 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA19966; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 20:09:32 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id AAA22645; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 00:05:55 GMT Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id UAA22640; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 20:05:51 -0400 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HUAY1Z4A8G00FGAP@CGNET.COM>; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 17:09:50 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <3037CECC@msm.cgnet.com>; Sun, 20 Aug 95 17:09:48 PDT Date: Thu, 17 Aug 1995 14:48:00 -0700 (PDT) From: John McManus Subject: Opinion Wanted! To: "'smtp:coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov'" Message-id: <3037CECC@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 32 TEXT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: TO : Coral List FROM : John W. McManus/ICLARM DATE : August 17, 1995 Opinions wanted! We are looking for a commercial reference-handling program. It should be Windows-based, be capable of handling a few tens of thousands of references, and should make it very easy to generate a bibliography in one format and change it to another format. For example, it should be able to shift a manuscript from Coral Reefs to Science formats, including converting citations in the text from author-year to number. We are seeking candid evaluations of systems you are familiar with. We promise not to quote anybody. Please replies directly to: J.McManus@cgnet.com Thank you. Sincerely, John W. McManus ReefBase Project Leader Coastal and Coral Reef Resource Systems Program International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) 3rd Floor, Bloomingdale Building, Salcedo Street Legaspi Village, Makati, Metro Manila 1229 Philippines Tel. No. (63-2)8180466 Fax No. (63-2)8163183 E-Mail: J.McManus@cgnet.com From hendee@wave Wed Aug 20 21:16:35 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA21341; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 21:16:24 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id BAA22826; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 01:15:07 GMT Received: from tequesta.gate.net by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id VAA22821; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 21:15:03 -0400 Received: from miafl2-16.gate.net (miafl2-16.gate.net [199.227.2.144]) by tequesta.gate.net (8.6.9/8.6.9) with SMTP id VAA37069; Sun, 20 Aug 1995 21:13:37 -0400 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: smiller@gate.net (Steven Miller) Subject: Keyswide coral reef expedition Date: Sun, 20 Aug 1995 19:54:16 cc: smiller@gate.net Message-ID: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A The first of three mission legs is underway to document coral reef community structure throughout the Florida Keys, from south of Miami to the Dry Tortugas. Fourteen scientists have assembled on the M/V Seaward Explorer for 10 days to specifically work the deep intermediate reefs, in 50 -70 feet of water. One of our operating premises is that to understand system variability it is important to survey many reefs, rather than looking at a few in great detail. We plan to visit up to 30 sites, working 10 days this month, 7 days in September, and 10 days in October. Principal investigators on the first leg include Steven Miller (NURC/UNCW), John and Nancy Ogden (FIO), Rich Aronson (Dauphin Island Sea Lab), Dennis Hanisak HBOI), Jim Bohnsack (NMFS), Tracy Baynes (NMFS), and Gene Shinn (USGS). Video transects, photography, fish censuses, algal collections, and nutrient-related work comprise a large part of the effort. A substantial amount of subjective discussion is held each day as well, to provide overview and an immediate product. The project is a cooperative effort among several agencies, with administration and operational support provided by the National Undersea Research Center at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. The Florida Institute of Oceanography is providing ship time and funding, as are the National Park Service and the National Marine Sanctuary Program. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution is also contributing substantially to the program by providing ship time for leg two in September. Updates will be provided at the end of the cruise, later this month. Please send inquiries to Steven Miller at the above e-mail adress, or to millers@nurc.cmsr.uncwil.edu. From hendee@wave Thu Aug 21 05:17:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id FAA20448; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 05:17:21 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id JAA23254; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 09:15:07 GMT Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id FAA23245; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 05:15:04 -0400 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HUBH8576V4001J56@CGNET.COM>; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 02:19:14 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <30384F7D@msm.cgnet.com>; Mon, 21 Aug 95 02:18:53 PDT Date: Mon, 21 Aug 1995 15:43:00 -0700 (PDT) From: John McManus To: "'coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov'" Message-id: <30384F7D@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 23 TEXT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: TO : Coral-List FROM : John W. McManus/ICLARM DATE : August 21, 1995 The reports of spawning dates of corals could get very exciting. We believe that the synchronicity of spawning varies from highly synchronous in the GBR to less synchronous in parts of the Philippines and elsewhere. It is likely that the degree of synchronicity is dependent on the predictability and nature of oceanographic features (see Sinclair's book "Marine Populations"). If enough people watch for and report spawning of corals in different areas we will be able to home in on causation. This will ultimately be very useful for marine reserve design and other attempts to keep reefs healthy. Congratulations to alina Szmant and colleagues for starting a good thing. We hope others will follow-up. John W. McManus ReefBase Project Leader Coastal and Coral Reef Resource Systems Program International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) Fax No. (63-2) 816-31-83 Tel. No. (63-2) 818-04-66 E-Mail: J.McManus@cgnet.com From hendee@wave Thu Aug 21 05:17:46 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id FAA20450; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 05:17:21 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id JAA23261; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 09:15:52 GMT Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id FAA23256; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 05:15:50 -0400 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HUBH934OAO00PH39@CGNET.COM>; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 02:19:59 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <30384FAB@msm.cgnet.com>; Mon, 21 Aug 95 02:19:39 PDT Date: Mon, 21 Aug 1995 16:27:00 -0700 (PDT) From: John McManus To: "'coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov'" Message-id: <30384FAB@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 20 TEXT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: TO : Coral-List FROM : John W. McManus DATE : August 21, 1995 We are ReefBase are very concerned about the news that portions of the C-MAN monitoring system may become inoperative. Our worldwide search for data on coral reefs has confirmed that long term data of the king being obtained by the C-MAN system is very rare. It is quite obvious from recent revelations concerning coral bleaching and other problems that scientific progress on understanding these phenomena will be very difficult in the absence of reliable, site specific environmental data and associated benthic studies. We urge readers of coral-list to seek ways to keep the C-MAN system going. Sincerely, John W. McManus ReefBase Project Leader Coastal and Coral Reef Resource Systems Program International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) From hendee@wave Thu Aug 21 08:34:50 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA26393; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 08:34:13 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA23633; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 12:31:53 GMT Received: from mola.uvi.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA23628; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 08:31:48 -0400 Received: by mola.uvi.edu (8.6.9/1.3pmg) id IAA10180; Mon, 21 Aug 1995 08:29:58 -0400 Date: Mon, 21 Aug 1995 08:29:57 -0400 (AST) From: Callum Roberts To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral spawning Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Just for the sake of geographical spread, I have heard second hand from Erkki Siirila (WWF/Encore, St. Lucia) that Montastrea's and brittle stars were busy spawning on the night of 17th August in St. Lucia. No other details but the timing is spot on compared with other places. Callum Roberts From hendee@wave Fri Aug 22 09:48:28 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA02852; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 09:48:22 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA02784; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 13:41:55 GMT Received: from NIC.NOAA.GOV by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA02779; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 09:41:52 -0400 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 09:39:35 - 0400 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV with SMTP id AA02282 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Tue, 22 Aug 1995 09:39:35 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 22 Aug 1995 08:40:05 U From: "Mark Eakin" Subject: Biodiversity Forum To: "Recipients of coral-list" X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP/QM 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Subject: Time: 9:41 AM OFFICE MEMO Biodiversity Forum Date: 8/22/95 Forwarded Message: ANNOUNCEMENT CALL FOR PAPERS GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY FORUM 4-5 November 1995 Atlet Century Park Hotel Jl Pintu Satu Senayan Jakarta, Indonesia Convenors: Indonesian Biodiversity Foundation (KEHATI) Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF) - Indonesia Programme IUCN - The World Conservation Union World Resources Institute (WRI) African Centre for Technological Studies (ACTS) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) BACKGROUND The third meeting of the Global Biodiversity Forum (GBF) will be convened on 4-5 November 1995, immediately prior to the second meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP2), 6-17 November 1995. GBF-Jakarta will be held at the Atlet Century Park Hotel, which is near the venue for COP2. The GBF provides for an independent, open process to foster analysis and unencumbered dialogue and debate among interested parties to address the key ecological, economic, institutional and social issues related to the options for action to save, study and use biodiversity sustainably and equitably. It works closely with those involved with the further development and implementation of the Convention at the local and national level to complement the intergovernmental process with perspectives and proposals from independent sources. Forum-like events were held under the aegis of the Global Biodiversity Strategy, the Convention, and the preparations of AGENDA 21. The first formal test of the Forum concept was hosted by the African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS) in Nairobi in January 1993. The first meeting of the GBF was hosted by IUCN in October 1993, in Gland, Switzerland, and examined critical issues facing the further development of the Convention. It was held immediately prior to the first meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee on the Convention on Biological Diversity. The second meeting of the GBF was hosted by the Bahamas National Trust and held immediately prior to the first meeting of the COP to the Convention, in Nassau, in November 1994. GBF-Jakarta will focus on four themes: Marine Biodiversity; Regulation of Access to Genetic Resources; Decentralization of Governance and Biodiversity Conservation; and Forests and Biodiversity. CALL FOR PAPERS Interested parties from all sectors are invited to submit one- page, type-written abstracts of papers for presentation in any of the four themes at the Forum. Abstracts must be received by IUCN by 10 September 1995. Please use the form below. A limited number of papers will be chosen for formal presentation at the Forum. All participants are encouraged to bring short ideas and proposals for presentation and debate. Every effort will be made by the hosts to reproduce and distribute them. The Forum in not an academic seminar, and at least 50 percent of its time will be devoted to open discussion among all participants. The selection of papers will be made by Workshop organizers and Forum convenors on the basis of relevance to the topic, quality, balance among sectors, and geographical balance. Authors selected to present papers will be contacted by 15 September. The selected authors will then need to submit their completed papers to IUCN by 15 October, so that they may be reproduced for distribution at the Forum. Papers not selected for formal presentation will still be reproduced for distribution at the Forum and will be considered for subsequent publication in the Forum proceedings. FORMAT AND AGENDA The Forum will consist of an opening and closing plenary, and four parallel workshops to address each of the four themes. In addition, four lunch-time sessions are being scheduled during the COP to carry on the discussion on these issues. Marine Biodiversity: At the COP1, governments agreed to take up marine biodiversity as the main ecosystem theme of COP2. Conservation of marine biodiversity raises questions significantly different from those in the terrestrial context. This workshop will provide a venue for all interested sectors to share information and strategies concerning the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity and biological resources. Those submitting abstracts may wish to consider the following areas: unique problems of marine biodiversity conservation and proposed solutions; marine protected area management and policy; community-based coastal resources management; marine biodiversity prospecting; needs and mechanisms for regional and international cooperation; relationship of the Biodiversity Convention to other international marine treaties and programmes; funding priorities for marine biodiversity conservation; and priorities for special action by the COP and its Subsidiary Bodies on marine biodiversity. Organizers: Biodiversity Action Network (BIONET), USA; Tambuyog Development Center, Philippines; WRI, Philippines/USA; and IUCN- US. Regulating Access to Genetic Resources: The Biodiversity Convention establishes that genetic resources lie within the sovereign jurisdiction of individual nations. Countries are now moving to establish legal regimes to regulate access to and utilization of their genetic resources, which due to the rapid development of biotechnologies, are becoming increasingly valuable as raw material in the development of drugs, crops, and industrial material and processes. But few models for regulating access yet exist, capacities to enforce such regulatory regimes are weak and working mechanisms for ensuring the equitable sharing of benefits from genetic resources utilization -- both among and within nations -- are in their infancy. Those submitting abstracts are encouraged to consider the following areas: current national-level efforts to develop policies and laws regulating genetic resources access; case studies of ongoing "biodiversity prospecting" efforts and their legal and/or contractual basis; informed consent by and compensation for local communities within national access regulation frameworks; principles and mechanisms for benefit-sharing; the unique situation of indigenous peoples with respect to genetic resources exploitation in their territories; building capacity to regulate and benefit from genetic resources utilization; and the need for international mechanisms to harmonize and give effect to national access regulation regimes. Organizers: African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS), Kenya; WRI; IUCN Environmental Law Centre, Germany; Peruvian Society for Environmental Law; and the Institute of International Legal Studies, Philippines. Decentralization of Governance and Biodiversity Conservation: Many national governments are moving to decentralize a share of their powers to provincial, state, or lower levels of government, or even giving some of their traditional responsibilities to the private sector. At the same time, the role of non-governmental actors and community-based institutions in carrying out many "governmental" functions is growing larger. The Biodiversity Convention, however, pays little attention to the roles of local government and the institutions of local civil society in conserving biodiversity. Individuals submitting abstracts for this workshop may wish to consider the following questions: What experience exists to date with decentralization of biodiversity management? What steps need to be taken to ensure that increasing decentralization of governance helps rather than hurts biodiversity conservation? What are the key needs for capacity- building at the sub-national levels? How can financing of biodiversity conservation flow directly to local level efforts and reflect local level priorities? Organizers: KEHATI, IUCN, and WWF-Indonesia Programme Forests and biodiversity: Forests are a key repository for the earth's biodiversity, as well as important resources for both national and local economies. Forest loss has been a topic of great concern, particulary in the species-rich tropical forests, for at least a decade or more. There is general agreement that knowledge of the various factors affecting forests, and particularly the interactions among them, are as yet poorly understood. Better and more relevant research is necessary to provide answers to the intricate problems of sustainable forest management. Furthermore, there was no agreement at UNCED on a mechanism for promoting sustainability in the world's forests. A protocol under the Convention on Biological Diversity has been one proposed mechanism, but can the Convention effectively address the myriad of socio-economic and biophysical factors affecting the sustainability of forests? What specific steps should be taken within the context of the Biodiversity Convention? What is the role of science in helping the develop a comprehensive mechanism to promote sustainable forest management? Organizers: Centre for International Forest Research (CIFOR), Indonesia; WWF Forest Project, Switzerland; and others to be added. PARTICIPATION AND REGISTRATION FEES Please use the participation form provided below to notify the organizers of your intent to participate. The deadline for receiving the participation form is 30 September 1995. Registration for the Forum will cost US$25 for all participants, to cover the costs of refreshments and photocopying. The fee will be collected at the registration desk. A very limited number of waivers on the fee will be made available to those with the greatest financial need but only on the basis of a written application to Jeffrey McNeely prior to 20 October 1995. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Financial assistance for airfare and per diem will be made available to developing country participants chosen to present formal papers or to otherwise contribute to the Forum pending the outcome of ongoing fundraising efforts. All participants requiring financial assistance are urged to also seek travel support from the local offices of international donor organizations. For government representatives from developing countries wishing to participate in the Forum, funding will be sought to provide the necessary additional per diem expenses. HOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS The venue for the Global Biodiversity Forum is the Atlet Century Park Hotel (3 Star, Single = $98; Double = $108), which is near the Jakarta Convention Centre where the second meeting of the Conference of Parties will be held. Please fill in the hotel section of the Participation Form if you require assistance with hotel arrangements. For further information regarding the Global Biodiversity Forum, please contact: Jeffrey McNeely, Chief Biodiversity Officer, Global Biodiversity Forum '95, IU CN-The World Conservation Union, 28 Rue Mauverney, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland. Tel: +41.22.999-0001; Fax: +41.22.999-0025; email: jam@hq.iucn.ch GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY FORUM '95 ABSTRACT SUBMISSION FORM (Please type or print clearly) PLEASE RETURN WITH ONE PAGE ABSTRACT BY 10 SEPTEMBER 1995 TO: Jeffrey McNeely, Global Biodiversity Forum '95, IUCN, 28 Rue Mauverney, CH-119 6 Gland, Switzerland. Tel: +41.22.999-0001; Fax: +41.22.999-0025; E-mail: jam@h q.iucn.ch PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY Mr/Ms ________________________________________________________ Family name First name Organization ________________________________________________________ Address ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Tel ______________________ Fax ______________________ Email ______________________ SUBMITTED TO (please check relevant workshop(s)): Marine Biodiversity Regulation of Access to Genetic Resources Decentralization of Governance and Biodiversity Conservation Forests and Biodiversity GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY FORUM '95 PARTICIPATION FORM PLEASE RETURN BY 30 SEPTEMBER 1995 TO: Russell Betts or Rita Oetomo, World Wide Fund for Nature/Indonesia Programme, Jl. Kramat Pela No. 3, Gandar ia Utara, Jakarta Selatan 12140, Indonesia. Tel: +6221.720-3095/724-5766/739-590 7; Fax: +6221.739-5907; E-mail: 2518413@mcimail.com PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY Mr/Ms ________________________________________________________ Family name First name Organization ________________________________________________________ Address ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Tel ______________________ Fax ______________________ Email ______________________ HOTEL RESERVATION (Please mark as appropriate): SINGLE: _____ DOUBLE: _____ Price Range: Below US$40_____ US$40 - 49 _____ US$50 - 59 _____ US$60 - 69 _____ US$70 - 79 _____ US$80 - 89 _____ Above US$90_____ If you already know the hotel at which you wish to be booked, kindly print the name here:_______________________________ From hendee@wave Fri Aug 22 15:48:05 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA15131; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 15:47:44 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03670; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 19:41:32 GMT Received: from henson.cc.wwu.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA03665; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 15:41:27 -0400 Received: from ecos.huxley.wwu.EDU by henson.cc.wwu.edu (5.65/WWU-H1.2/UW-NDC Revision: 2.26 ) id AA14838; Tue, 22 Aug 1995 12:41:20 -0700 Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Tue, 22 Aug 1995 12:50:13 -0700 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: jhardy@henson.cc.wwu.edu (Jack Hardy) Subject: Panama Symposium Remote Sensing of Coral Reefs Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Colleague: I am organizing a symposium on "Remote Sensing of Coral Reefs" as part of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama, June 24 to 29, 1996. I am currently finalizing the list of speakers. If you are interested in presenting information related to remote sensing of reefs, please confirm your interest and title to me as soon possible and no later than September 18. Space is limited, so we retain the right to select those abstracts to be presented orally. All symposium participants are also requested to submit abstracts to me by October 18. Abstracts must be in both English and Spanish. For format see the 8th ICRS Circular or contact H.A. Lessios, editor ICRS, at STRI01.NAOS.LESSIOSH@IC.SI.EDU Again, please send abstracts to me (both hardcopy and disk-labelled with your name and type of software used) by October 18 at the following address: Jack Hardy Center for Environmental Science Western Washington University Bellingham, Washington 98225-9181 USA phone 360-650-6108 FAX 360-650-7284 e-mail jhardy@henson.cc.wwu.edu Thank you for your interest. We look forward to an exciting session. Jack Hardy, Director Center for Environmental Sciences Western Washington University Bellingham, WA 98225-9181 voice 360-650-6108 fax 360-650-7284 Jack Hardy, Director Center for Environmental Sciences Western Washington University Bellingham, WA 98225-9181 voice 360-650-6108 fax 360-650-7284 Jack Hardy, Director Center for Environmental Sciences Western Washington University Bellingham, WA 98225-9181 voice 360-650-6108 fax 360-650-7284 From hendee@wave Mon Aug 25 07:38:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA01748; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 07:38:35 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id LAA00550; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 11:34:55 GMT Received: from orstom.orstom.fr by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA00545; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 07:34:47 -0400 Received: from tahiti.orstom.fr by orstom.orstom.fr ; Thu, 24 Aug 1995 23:05:13 +0200 Received: from pc-atol1 by tahiti.orstom.fr (4.1/AFUU-2.0) via Tahiti-RIO id AA21688; Thu, 24 Aug 95 08:21:17- 100 (MET) Message-Id: <9508241821.AA21688@tahiti.orstom.fr> X-Sender: fichez@tahiti Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Date: Thu, 24 Aug 1995 09:21:17 -0900 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: fichez@tahiti.orstom.fr Subject: Anthropogenic impact Symposium X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Colleagues: David Klumpp, Brian Lapointe and I are organizing a symposium on=20 "Anthropogenic disturbance in coral reef environments : respective interest= =20 of in situ and experimental approaches" as part of the 8th International=20 Coral Reef Symposium in Panama, June 24 to 29, 1996. This symposium is=20 planned as a 1 day session hosting no more than 15 talks. Here are the=20 symposium objectives as defined in the proposal to the organizing committee. To address issues on anthropogenic impacts on coral reef=20 environments. This symposium will gather the growing number of scientists=20 working on the topic to present their results and projects. A special=20 emphasis will be given to the impacts of eutrophication, sedimentation=20 enhancement and overfishing and to work linking community composition with= =20 ecosystem functionning. Topics of major interest will be : - How anthropogenic activities modify community equilibrium. - How human related changes in community composition affect the whole reef= =20 equilibrium. - Bioindicators, how usefull are they ? - Records of human related environmental changes during the past 100= years. - Experimental approaches of anthropogenic modifications. - Synergy between catastrophic events and chronic anthropogenic= disturbances. Practically and according to the meeting imposed schedule we are=20 calling for abstracts (both printed and on a disk with name and software=20 used) to be delivered to Dr. R. Fichez in Tahiti before the 1st of October= =20 1995. Abstract standards are provided in the Panama Symposium 2nd circular.= =20 Please be aware that abstract have to be written in both English and Spanish= =20 ! Please also mention whether you wish to give a talk or display a poster. I sincerely hope that a symposium on such a major concerne will=20 gather a significant number of scientists. * Renaud FICHEZ, Centre ORSTOM-Tahiti, BP 529, Papeete, French=20 Polynesia.=20 Fax : (689) 42 95 55 E-mail : FICHEZ@ORSTOM.ORSTOM.FR * David KLUMPP, AIMS, PMB N=B03, Townsville, Queensland 4810,= Australia Fax : 61 77 72 58 52 E-mail : D_KLUMPP@AIMS.GOV.AU * Brian E. LAPOINTE, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Box= 297A,=20 Big Pine Key, Florida 33043, USA E-mail : LAPOINTE@GATE.NET From hendee@wave Mon Aug 25 08:05:58 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA02847; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 08:05:42 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA00640; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 12:04:56 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA00635; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 08:04:55 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA00689; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 08:04:54 -0400 Date: Fri, 25 Aug 1995 08:04:54 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Stormy Weather Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Unfortunately, the CHAMP (Coral Health and Monitoring Program) Home Page and coral-list server were knocked out by Tropical Storm Jerry, but are back in the ring. In light of this storm, the two others that appear to be heading this way, and in remembering Hurricane Andrew which struck here three years ago yesterday, we offer the following two new abstracts to be added to our CHAMP Home Page: ==================== Blair, S.M.; McIntosh, T.L.; Mostkoff, B.J. 1994. Impacts of Hurricane Andrew on the offshore reef systems of central and northern Dade County, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(3): 961-973. On 24 August 1992, Hurricane Andrew passed in close proximity to eight natural reef biological monitoring stations and eleven artificial reef sites offshore of Dade County. Eight qualitative visual surveys and eight quantitative photogrammetric surveys were used to estimate the impact of the hurricane on the natural reefs. The forereef slope of the offshore (5 km offshore) reef, between 17 and 29 m, was most heavily affected with lesson levels of damage occurring on the middle (4 km offshore) reef and least loss of organisms noted on the inner (2.5 km offshore) reef. The impact to the hard coral, soft coral, sponge and algal components varied on a given reef tract. The algal community consistently showed the greatest loss (40 to >90%) of benthic cover. The sponge community was slightly (0-25%) to heavily (50-75%) impacted, showing the greatest loss on the offshore reef and least on the inshore reef. Soft corals showed a similar trend with 25-50% loss and 0-25% on the offshore and inshore reef, respectively. Hard corals were least affected with a moderate loss of benthic cover (38%) on the offshore reef and slight loss (< 23%) on the other inner two reefs. The effect of the storm on artificial reefs (i.e., steel vessels, prefabricated modules, concrete structures) varied greatly. Impacts ranged from no impact, to movement, to partial or total structural modification. No pattern of damage relative to location, orientation or depth of the reef material was discernable. ============ Hughes, T.P. 1994. Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science Wash. 265(5178): 1547-1551. Many coral reefs have been degraded over the past two to three decades through a combination of human and natural disturbances. In Jamaica, the effects of overfishing, hurricane damage, and disease have combined to destroy most corals, whose abundance has declined from more than 50 percent in the late 1970s to less than 5 percent today. A dramatic phase shift has occurred, producing a system dominated by fleshy macroalgae (more than 90 percent cover). Immediate implementation of management procedures is necessary to avoid further catastrophic damage. From hendee@wave Mon Aug 25 13:39:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA22842; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 13:38:49 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA01587; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 17:37:04 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA01582; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 13:37:01 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id NAA02882; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 13:37:00 -0400 Date: Fri, 25 Aug 1995 13:37:00 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Contacts for encouraging C-MAN funding Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message forwarded (and only slightly edited) from Sandy Vargo of the Florida Institute of Oceanography: ======== Reviewing our previous e-mail message we noted that is was not clear what course of action we were suggesting for those interested in preserving the enhanced C-MAN stations of the SEAKEYS network. The most helpful action would be to contact U.S. representatives and senators and Stan Wilson at NOAA. John Ogden has contacted Dr. Wilson directly and we have also informed the following congressional folks: Senator Bob Graham 524 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510 202/224-3041 Senator Connie Mack 517 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510 202/224-5274 Fax. 224-8022 Rep. Peter Deutsch 425 Cannon House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 202/225-7931 Rep. Lincoln Diaz-Balart 509 Cannon House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 202/225-4211 Fax. 225-8576 Rep. Porter Goss 330 Cannon House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 202/225-2536 Fax. 225-6820 Rep. Carrie Meek 404 Cannon House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 202/225-4506 Fax. 236-0777 Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen 127 Cannon House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 202/225-3933 Fax. 225-5620 Dr. Stanley Wilson Assistant Administrator NOAA National Ocean Service 1305 East-West Highway Route Code N Silver Spring, MD 20910 301/713-3074 Fax. 713-4269 Rep. C.W. Bill Young 2407 Rayburn House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 202/225-5961 We have requested $60,000 from NOAA to tide the system over for a few months with minimal operations until additional funding can be identified. The annual operating costs are about $250,000 including $51,000 to the National Data Buoy Center for maintenance and operation of the C-MAN portion of two of the six stations in the network. The NDBC maintains the meteorological but not the oceanographic sensors on the stations. The oceanographic sensors are maintained entirely by the two persons employed by the SEAKEYS program. We would appreciate it if those with an interest in continuance of the data flow from the SEAKEYS network would emphasize these points in their letters. If you see a need for further information or anything is unclear just drop me a line. Sandy Vargo svargo@marine.usf.edu From hendee@wave Thu Aug 28 15:06:13 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA06753; Mon, 28 Aug 1995 15:04:37 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA00615; Mon, 28 Aug 1995 18:58:02 GMT Received: from uog9.uog.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA00610; Mon, 28 Aug 1995 14:57:56 -0400 Received: by uog9.uog.edu (5.65/DEC-Ultrix/4.3) id AA13047; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 05:04:28 GMT Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 05:04:28 +0000 (WET) From: Charles Evans Birkeland To: Sale Peter Cc: coral-list Subject: Re: seeking Bruce In-Reply-To: Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Peter: Bruce G. Hatcher is with CARICOM Fisheries Resource Assessment and Management Program (CFRAMP). His e-mail address is hatcher_b@col.barbet.net The telephone lines are sometimes flakey. His FAX is (809) 457-2414 and telephone is (809) 457-1909 (Z+4). Snail-mail address is Dr. Bruce G. Hatcher CFRAMP Resource Assessment Unit Tyrell Street, Kingstown St. Vincent (at St. Vincent and the Grenadines, West Indies) Best regards, Chuck On Mon, 28 Aug 1995, Sale Peter wrote: > I'm seeking a current e-mail (or snail-mail) address for Bruce Hatcher, > formerly at Dalhousie, now reputedly in St. Lucia, BWI. > > Can anyone help? > Pete Sale > From hendee@wave Mon Aug 25 17:09:20 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA29441; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 17:07:32 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01751; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 21:02:32 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA01746; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 17:02:28 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id RAA03109; Fri, 25 Aug 1995 17:02:27 -0400 Date: Fri, 25 Aug 1995 17:02:27 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral/Climate Page & Workshop Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message is being forwarded from Bud Buddemeier, since the original message to coral-list bounced. ================== Date: Thu, 24 Aug 1995 18:56:28 +0800 (U) From: Bob Buddemeier Subject: Coral/Climate Page & Workshop To: delia@cbl.umd.edu, J.McManus@cgnet.com, MARKHAM+r%WWFUS@MCIMAIL.COM, andre@ruf.rice.edu, archer@popeye.uchicago.edu, d_barnes@aims.gov.au, B.VALLEJO@CGNET.COM, birkelan@uog9.uog.edu, bmarino@bio2.com, broecker@lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu, b.e.brown@newcastle.ac.uk, carlson@soest.hawaii.edu, nancy@porites.geology.uiowa.edu, croberts@uvi.edu, ccin@dar.csiro.au, zooclm@leonis.nus.sg, coral-list, crc.reef@jcu.edu.au, C_WILKINSON@AIMS.GOV.AU, david.hopley@jcu.edu.au, D.Graetz@dwe.csiro.au, dshoger@falcon.cc.ukans.edu, delbeek@lake.scar.utoronto.ca, dodge@ocean.nova.edu, RKINZIE@zoogate.zoo.hawaii.edu, f61119@barilan.bitnet, dunbar@rice.edu, E_WOLANSKI@AIMS.GOV.AU, Falkowsk@bnlux1.bnl.gov, fautin@KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU, fredm@soest.hawaii.edu, fred@utig.ig.utexas.edu, pol@univ-perp.fr, admin@msi.upd.edu.ph, rgrigg@soest.hawaii.edu, tguild@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu, dhinckley@igc.apc.org, gregor@hk.super.net, j7kumar@cc.um.my, Jamie_Oliver@ccmail.gbrmpa.gov.au, JayNoller@aol.com, jeff@kgs.ukans.edu, jgoldman@whoi.edu, JLEWIS@mvax31.ntou.edu.tw, kleypas@sage.cgd.ucar.EDU, jogden@marine.usf.edu, pernetta@nioz.nl, coleje@spot.colorado.edu, june@geosun1.sjsu.edu, jware1@csc.com, j_lough@AIMS.GOV.AU, J_VERON@AIMS.GOV.AU, kayanne@geogr.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp, knappertsbus@ubaclu.unibas.ch, kris@falcon.cc.ukans.edu, jlang@curly.cc.utexas.edu, mpl@christa.UNH.edu, mpotts@bbsr.edu, eakin@ogp.noaa.gov, marlin@soest.hawaii.edu, mcclla@wwc.edu, mmaccrac@usgcrp.gov, Milliman@VIMS.edu, fmurphy@nature.berkeley.edu, STRI01.NAOS.knowlton@ic.si.edu, gkofish@okway.okstate.edu, jpearse@cats.ucsc.edu, cperry@qvarsa.er.usgs.gov, pilson@gsosun1.gso.uri.edu, potts@biology.ucsc.edu, quinn@chuma.cas.usf.edu, weissr@washpost.com, rwollast@ulb.ac.be, pol@univ-perp.fr, sandy_tudhope@edinburgh.ac.uk, prtaylor@nsf.gov, terry.hughes@jcu.edu.au, 71672.3413@compuserve.com, swells@ucb.edu.bz, seysuzu@sci.shizuoka.ac.jp, yair@bio2.com, paleo2@msmail.kgs.ukans.edu, paleo3@msmail.kgs.ukans.edu Message-id: <9508251856.AA09164@pangaea.kgs.ukans.edu> Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT The Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Working Group 104 has been formed to address the topic: CORAL REEF RESPONSES TO GLOBAL CHANGE: THE ROLE OF ADAPTATION Members of the working group are: R. W. Buddemeier (Chair), R. Bak, R. Gates, J.-P. Gattuso, T. Done, B. Hatcher, J. Pandolfi, and A. B. Pittock. Corresponding members are: S. V. Smith, C. B. Castro, R. Rowan, B. Opdyke, J. Patzold, and D. Yellowlees. The overall objective WG-104 may be summarized as the multidisciplinary identification, review and integration of scientific knowledge -- both existing and needed -- relevant to the assessment and prediction of responses of corals and coral reef communities to various kinds of environmental change, including climatic change. This ambitious goal cannot be achieved without the collaboration of the larger scientific community. Two mechanisms to developed this collaboration have been established: 1. There is a WG-104 WWW Home Page at: http://ghsun1.kgs.ukans.edu/welcome.html This is intended to stimulate communication among WG-104 members and interested colleagues, and to focus attention on relevant issues. It is still under development and will be updated and expanded as material becomes available. Relevant contributions are solicited, but users are asked to recognize that this is a volunteer operation, and prompt or extensive responses may not always be forthcoming. 2. There will be an Open Workshop on WG-104 topics, progress, and objectives at the ICRS8 Symposium in Panama, June 1996. The preliminary workshop proposal is contained on the Home Page. Our intention is to use brief status reports by working group members or others as a basis for structuring discussion groups and contributions from the scientific community. Formal registration, attendance commitment, or presentations are not required -- or even permitted -- for the workshop; however, for planning purposes we need some estimates of probable attendance, and if anyone is interested in discussing or presenting specific material we would like advance notice. Please contact me at the address below if you are interested in participating. Please pass this information on to interested colleagues not addressed on this list. Thank you Robert W. Buddemeier, Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, 1930 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. ph (913) 864-3965, fax -5317, e-mail Bob_Buddemeier@msmail.kgs.ukans.edu From hendee@wave Fri Aug 29 09:11:41 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA17856; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 09:11:15 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA01430; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 13:06:06 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA01425; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 09:06:02 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id JAA20372; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 09:06:02 -0400 Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 09:06:01 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Reef Research Institute Home Page Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Mon, 28 Aug 1995 15:32:30 +1000 From: Ove Hoegh-Guldberg To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Dear All, The Coral Reef Research Insitute based at the University of Sydney has a home page at http://www.bio.usyd.edu.au/OTI/crri.html. We would like to build up links from and to other sites. Could you add our URL to your homepages and send me your URL and I will add it to ours. Thanks, Ove ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Ph: (02) 351-2389 School of Biological Sciences Fax: (02) 351-4119 Building A08 Country code Australia = 61 University of Sydney 2006 NSW Australia ------------------------------------------------------------------------- From hendee@wave Fri Aug 29 11:42:47 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA22577; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 11:39:43 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA01633; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 15:34:16 GMT Received: from NIC.NOAA.GOV by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA01628; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 11:34:13 -0400 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 11:32:10 - 0400 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV with SMTP id AA20475 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Tue, 29 Aug 1995 11:32:10 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 29 Aug 1995 10:32:37 U From: "Mark Eakin" Subject: Free Equipment Available (U To: "Recipients of coral-list" X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP/QM 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Subject: Time: 11:26 AM OFFICE MEMO Free Equipment Available (U.S. only) Date: 8/29/95 Free Equipment Available in U.S. Used equipment such as electronic hardware, computers, etc. are available free to institutions of higher learning in the U.S. through programs established within the Federal government. One such program, in the Department of Energy, is described below. Up to date listings of available equipment, including searchable databases, can be reached through FEDIX at: WWW: http://www.fie.com/ FTP/Telnet: fedix.fie.com Gopher: gopher.fie.com Modem: 301-258-0953 ------------- Guidelines The United States Department of Energy, in accordance with its responsibility to encourage research and development in the energy area, awards grants of used energy-related laboratory equipment to universities and colleges and other non-profit educational institutions of higher learning in the United States for use in energy-oriented educational programs in the life, physical and environmental sciences, and engineering. Applications for the grant of available equipment in this program should be submitted by an eligible, non-profit educational institution to the DOE operations office responsible for the site where the specific equipment is known to be located. The monthly Energy-Related Laboratory Equipment Catalog (ERLE) is available on a yearly subscription from the Government Printing Office. An order form is provided on the back inside cover of the ERLE catalog. Eligibility and Procedures Any non-profit, educational institution of higher learning, such as a university, college, junior college, technical institute, museum, or hospital, located in the U.S. and interested in establishing or up-grading energy-oriented educational programs in the life, physical and environmental sciences, and engineering is eligible. An institution is not required to have a current DOE grant or contract in order to participate in this program. High schools, grade schools, and vocational trade schools are excluded. An energy-oriented program is defined as an academic research activity dealing primarily or entirely in energy- related topics. Because of space limitations, cost of equipment storage and requests by other Federal agencies for DOE equipment, institutions have 30 days, from the time of "freezing" the equipment, to submit their grant application. Application reviews and grant awards will be performed on a first-received, first- qualified basis. Send equipment applications to the appropriate DOE operations office. A list of operations offices is on Page V. Applications may contain multiple equipment items from more than one DOE facility in the facilities are served by the same DOE operations office. If the equipment is located at more than one facility, not served by the same DOE operations office, an application must be submitted to each DOE operations office. The responsibility for identifying the location of equipment rests with the requesting institution. Specific questions concerning equipment should be directed to the organization responsible for the item(s) under consideration. General inquiries may be made to: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Education, ER-31 1000 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20585 ATTN: Larry L. Barker Program Manager ERLE Program (202) 586-8947 From hendee@wave Fri Aug 29 13:00:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA25887; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 12:58:52 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA01697; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 16:55:34 GMT Received: from smtp.utexas.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA01692; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 12:55:31 -0400 Received: from [128.83.136.62] (gbmac12.zo.utexas.edu [128.83.136.62]) by smtp.utexas.edu (8.6.7/8.6.6) with SMTP id LAA12171 for ; Tue, 29 Aug 1995 11:49:08 -0500 Message-Id: <199508291649.LAA12171@smtp.utexas.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 11:59:00 -0500 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: d.k.hagman@mail.utexas.edu (Derek Hagman) Subject: coral spawning Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Sorry for the delay- Between the nights of August 16-20 coral spawning was observed at the Flower Garden Banks (NW Gulf of Mexico). Most of the activity was concentrated around the night of the 17th with Montastraea cavernosa, M. franksi and Diploria strigosa spawning between 21:30-22:30 and M. annularis and M. faveolata spawing between 23:20-0:00. Some of our divers reported sperm release by Stephanocoenia, but this remains unconfirmed. We did however, have a very substantial spawning effort by Colpophyllia spp. on the night of August 19th between 21:45-22:30. No other coral species were observed spawning on the 19th. From hendee@wave Fri Sep 5 04:55:47 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id EAA21925; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 04:55:10 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id IAA10663; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 08:49:48 GMT Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id EAA10658; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 04:49:43 -0400 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HUWEQ8KY9S001SM4@CGNET.COM>; Tue, 05 Sep 1995 01:54:10 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <304C106F@msm.cgnet.com>; Tue, 05 Sep 95 01:55:11 PDT Date: Tue, 05 Sep 1995 15:16:00 -0700 (PDT) From: John McManus To: "'coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov'" Message-id: <304C106F@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 65 TEXT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A TO : Coral - List FROM : John W. McManus/ReefBase Project Leader CCRRSP, ICLARM, Makati, Metro Manila DATE : September 5, 1995 GREETINGS FROM REEFBASE! Coral-List, with its highly specialized audience, would be a good means of gathering up to date accounts from the people intimately aware of the things happening to the coral reefs. We greatly appreciate the efforts of James Hendee and his colleagues for initiating and maintaining coral-list. This message comes to you from ReefBase, the global coral reef database being developed at ICLARM in the Philippines. We are currently expanding our tables on reef stresses and would like to enlist your help. Would you have anything on major pollution occurrence (e.g. oil spills), destructive fishing practices, storms/cyclones; sedimentation, ship grounding, disease outbreaks, predator attacks and bleaching incidents on the reefs which you are familiar with? We d like to know about them from you. When describing an event, please note the major anthropogenic stress, the common name of the reef and its coordinates, if possible. If there are any published or unpublished references relating to these, we would welcome copies Send any communication to: John McManus, Ph.D. ICLARM MCPO Box 2631 0718 Makati City PHILIPPINES Fax: (632) 8163183 E-mail: J.MCMANUS@CGNET.com We at ReefBase are coming up with a user-friendly international database on coral reefs and reef resources. As a collaborative effort between the International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM), the World Wildlife Conservation and Monitoring Centre (WCMC) with the support of the European Commission, ReefBase was initiated in 1993 as an effort to obtain updated global and regional summaries and assessments of the state of the reefs. Our information comes mainly from scientific papers, technical and popular articles as well as published and/or unpublished reports. Lately, we have been receiving a few reports of bleaching incidents and Acanthaster outbreaks through the e-mail. We would appreciate receiving more of these from you. We d also appreciate if you would send us a copy of your scientific papers, popular articles or technical reports related to the following topics: ? various aspects of coral reef ecology; ? the most common uses of reefs; ? harvest practices for near shore resources; ? natural and human induced stresses on reefs ? marine protected areas; and ? government and traditional management policies on reefs and reef systems; A preliminary version of ReefBase on a CD-ROM will be released at the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama in 1996. Any contribution you send us will be properly cited. Thank you in advance for your support. Please do not hesitate to contact us if we can be of assistance to you or if you have any further questions about ReefBase. From hendee@wave Fri Sep 5 15:43:41 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA10716; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 15:41:08 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA11663; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 19:02:47 GMT Received: from lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA11658; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 15:02:44 -0400 Received: from [129.236.30.165] (core_kbox_165.ldgo.columbia.edu) by lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu (4.1/SMI-3.2) id AA25466; Tue, 5 Sep 95 15:02:39 EDT Message-Id: <9509051902.AA25466@lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Tue, 5 Sep 1995 15:04:12 -0500 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: tguild@lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu (Tom Guilderson) Subject: microbial endoliths Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A query regarding endoltihs and their borings, with particular emphasis on Ostreobium spp (eg. O. queketti). Is the boring a purely physical mechanism or is there chemical dissolution associated with it? Thanks in advance for replies and assistance to the litterature. From hendee@wave Fri Sep 5 20:48:01 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA17060; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 20:45:56 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id AAA00875; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 00:43:41 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id UAA00870; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 20:43:35 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id UAA24768; Tue, 5 Sep 1995 20:43:34 -0400 Date: Tue, 5 Sep 1995 20:43:33 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Climate Records in Coral Skeletons Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following is a forwarded message from Peter Swartg. Please respond to Pswart@rsmas.miami.edu. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 31 Aug 1995 09:53:02 -0400 From: Peter Swart To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Dick Dodge, Bob Halley and Peter Swart are organizing a symposium at the Panama meeting on climate records in coral skeletons. At the moment the following have tentatively agreed to give presentations: Cole, McConnaughey, Halley, Swart, Lough, Quinn, Halley, Lea, Wellington et al. We still have a few places left. If any one is interested please contact me. Abstract dealine is approaching. Peter From hendee@wave Sat Sep 6 15:46:14 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA03086; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 15:45:38 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA00893; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 19:40:50 GMT Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA00881; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 15:40:33 -0400 Received: from ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU ([128.171.120.3]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <11426(6)>; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 09:40:21 -1000 Received: from ZOOLOGY/SpoolDir by ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU (Mercury 1.21); 6 Sep 95 09:36:20 -1000 Received: from SpoolDir by ZOOLOGY (Mercury 1.21); 6 Sep 95 09:17:06 -1000 From: "Stephanie Bailenson" Organization: University of Hawaii - Zoology To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Date: Wed, 6 Sep 1995 10:16:58 -1000 Subject: white line disease Priority: normal X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v2.01) Message-ID: <385D8E47521@ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU> Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A I got this from a fish-ecology listserv and wanted to know if anyone knew more about it. Is this new or are they really referring to white band disease? Mahalo, Stephanie Bailenson sbail@zoogate.zoo.hawaii.edu New Coral Disease. On Aug. 28, 1995, an Associate Press release noted reports of a new "white line disease" killing elliptical star coral in the Florida Keys. While some scientists speculate that a virus might be responsible, others are cautious in suggesting what may be promoting this disease.} [Assoc Press] From hendee@wave Sat Sep 6 17:06:12 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA05375; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 17:02:49 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01286; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 21:00:26 GMT Received: from polaris.ncs.nova.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA01281; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 17:00:23 -0400 Received: by polaris.ncs.nova.edu (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA24633; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 17:01:55 -0400 Date: Wed, 6 Sep 1995 17:01:55 -0400 (EDT) From: JOSHUA Feingold X-Sender: joshua@polaris To: Stephanie Bailenson Cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: white line disease In-Reply-To: <385D8E47521@ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU> Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII content-length: 1555 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hello Stephanie, I have observed this "disease" on Dichocoenia colonies in Key Largo near Conch Reef, Florida. The etiology appears different than white band disease since the "disease" progresses from the base up the sides, and there is no distinctive white band. Also, there is no apparent (obvious to the naked eye) organism or community of organisms present on affected colonies - there is simply a white region adjacent to live, normal appearing tissue. Many researchers are jumping on this research opportunity and you should expect to hear a scientific update on this in the near future. Incidentally, I did not see any evidence of this "disease" on Dichocoenia colonies on the 2nd reef (3-5m depth) off Dania Beach, Florida. Over 100 colonies were surveyed, and all appeared normal or with slightly paled pigment. Joshua Feingold joshua@polaris.ncs.nova.edu Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, Florida On Wed, 6 Sep 1995, Stephanie Bailenson wrote: > > I got this from a fish-ecology listserv and wanted to know if anyone > knew more about it. Is this new or are they really > referring to white band disease? > > Mahalo, > Stephanie Bailenson > sbail@zoogate.zoo.hawaii.edu > > > New Coral Disease. On Aug. 28, 1995, an Associate Press release > noted reports of a new "white line disease" killing elliptical star > coral in the Florida Keys. While some scientists speculate that a > virus might be responsible, others are cautious in suggesting what > may be promoting this disease.} [Assoc Press] > From hendee@wave Sat Sep 6 19:26:47 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA08070; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 19:24:08 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA00859; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 23:22:15 GMT Received: from noc.belwue.de by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA00854; Wed, 6 Sep 1995 19:22:03 -0400 Received: from [129.69.31.14] (rusxppp14.rus.uni-stuttgart.de [129.69.31.14]) by noc.belwue.de with SMTP id BAA29727 (8.6.12/IDA-1.6 for ); Thu, 7 Sep 1995 01:21:54 +0200 Date: Thu, 7 Sep 1995 01:21:54 +0200 X-Sender: iaal@po.uni-stuttgart.de Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de (Reinhold Leinfelder) Subject: Stuttgart reefgroup online Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear colleagues, Dear friends, Our reef group (from the Institute of Geology and Palaeontology at the University of Stuttgart, Germany) is on the web now. If you are interested in Jurassic (and other) reefs, please pop in at: http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/UNIuser/igps/researchfiles/reefgroup.html We included our literature references, various abstracts and some published pictures (to be extended). The general home page of our institute is: http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/UNIuser/igps/home.html Best wishes Reinhold ******************************************* Reinhold Leinfelder Institut fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie der Universitaet Stuttgart Herdweg 51 D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany e-mail: reinhold.leinfelder@po.uni-stuttgart.de phone: ++49-711-1211340 fax: ++49-711-1211341 New: our Institute is on the web now! From hendee@wave Sun Sep 7 08:06:56 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA11766; Thu, 7 Sep 1995 08:06:27 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01385; Thu, 7 Sep 1995 12:03:21 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA01380; Thu, 7 Sep 1995 08:03:19 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA29723; Thu, 7 Sep 1995 08:03:18 -0400 Date: Thu, 7 Sep 1995 08:03:17 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Fish Ecology List-Server Info Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message forwarded from Stephanie Bailenson: From: "Stephanie Bailenson" Organization: University of Hawaii - Zoology To: coral-list Date: Wed, 6 Sep 1995 15:27:44 -1000 Subject: Re: fish list Several of the responses to my inquiry on white line disease have asked how to subscribe to the fish ecology list server, here is that info... To: LISTSERV@SEARN.SUNET.SE don't put anything in Subject In the text: SUBSCRIBE FISH-ECOLOGY -Stephanie Bailenson sbail@zoogate.zoo.hawaii.edu From hendee@wave Fri Sep 12 17:25:39 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA09233; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 17:23:14 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA01700; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 21:06:51 GMT Received: from harpo.grdl.noaa.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA01695; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 17:06:48 -0400 Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov by harpo.grdl.noaa.gov with SMTP (16.6/15.6) id AA03523; Tue, 12 Sep 95 17:06:36 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 12 Sep 1995 17:07:18 -0500 From: "Gittings, S." Subject: Mass Spawning - NW Gulf Mex. To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-MS 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Observations of coral reef spawning at the Flower Garden Banks, NW Gulf of Mexico, August 14 - August 22, 1995. Compiled by Steve Gittings and Ken Deslarzes Flower Garden Banks NMS 1716 Briarcrest Dr., Suite 603 Bryan, TX 77802 Phone: (409) 847-9296 Email: sgittings@ocean.nos.noaa.gov The following provides details of spawning observations reported by scientists and recreational divers who participated on cruises between August 14 and 25, 1995 in the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary. Quotation marks indicate dive descriptions of their observations. Be on the lookout for a possible September 16 coral spawning event following the September 8 (2338 hrs) full moon. August 14, 1995 Night time observation: possible spawning by Mussa angulosa a red material was seen streaming from a polyp. It was uncertain whether it was from the coral or from something between the polyps. Photographs were taken by a recreational diver and hopefully, will be forwarded to the Sanctuary. August 15, 1995 - no diving operations were conducted. August 16, 1995 (East Flower Garden Bank) 1930 hrs: Spawning by one male Montastrea cavernosa. 2120 hrs: Spawning by female Montastrea cavernosa colonies. One Christmas Tree Worm (Spirobranchus giganteus) was seen spawning ("spiral of smoke"), probably a male, based on diver description. 2130-2230 hrs: Montastraea franksi spawned in abundance, but less than in 1994. 2130-2230 hrs: Coral gamete bundles were observed at the sea surface. 2245 hrs: A Rough Fileclam (Lima scabra) released a "cloud". The fileclam shot the material out during one pulse. The cloud dissipated in about 10-15 seconds. August 17, 1995 (East Flower Garden Bank) 0011-0020 hrs: A few coral gamete bundles were spotted on the surface at 0011 hrs. The coral spawning pulse reached a peak at 0020 hrs, but subsided to nil before 0030 hrs. 1630 hrs: Two Bar Jacks (Caranx ruber) were seen spawning. 2050-2128 hrs: Numerous male Montastrea cavernosa colonies spawned. 2103 hrs: Several Diploria strigosa colonies spawned. 2110 hrs: Call from the M/V Fling at the West Flower Garden Bank reporting coral spawning had begun. 2112 hrs: Egg release by Montastrea cavernosa . 2115 hrs: Diploria strigosa and two Christmas Tree Worms were seen spawning. 2130 hrs: One huge female Montastrea cavernosa colony was seen spawning. 2130-2230 hrs: M. franksi spawned in abundance, also one small Diploria strigosa colony spawned. Ruby Brittle Stars (Ophioderma rubicundum) were out on the coral heads but none were seen spawning as has been witnessed in the past. 2300-0030 hrs: Spawning by numerous Montastraea faveolata. Samples of Montastrea and Diploria were collected and processed for fertilization experiments. August 18, 1995 (East Flower Garden Bank) 1630-1930 hrs: Bluehead Wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum) were seen spawning. Eight to eleven female Bluehead Wrasse, large in size, full adults, were seen swimming very closely together within a 1 m2 area, 30 cm above the reef. One supermale Bluehead Wrasse swimming in the periphery of the 1 m2 area, was seen going into the school of females to then rush 30-40 cm above the school along side a female. A brief (no more than a few seconds) and spontaneous release of male and female gametes was seen. 1900 hrs: A "plump " Montastrea cavernosa colony was observed and another with gametes present and visible in body cavity. 2145 hrs: Diploria strigosa was seen spawning. 2200-2220 hrs: M. franksi spawned in relatively low numbers. 2225-2305 hrs: Surface coral gamete slick observed. 2250 hrs and 2330 hrs : M. faveolata spawning. August 19, 1995 (East Flower Garden Bank) 0100 hrs: No spawning activity was observed. 2045-2115 hrs: Active Colpophyllia natans spawning, dense surface gamete slick. 2130-2300 hrs: One female Ruby Brittle Star was seen spawning. August 20, 1995 (West Flower Garden Bank) Daytime observation: Bluehead Wrasse were seen releasing gametes. 1900-2015 hrs: Christmas Tree Worms spawned. Both sperm and eggs release witnessed. August 21, 1995 (East Flower Garden Bank) 2130 hrs: A Diploria strigosa colony was seen spawning ("a seven to eight minute release of pinkish eggs"). August 22, 1995 (West Flower Garden Bank) 1755 hrs: Montastrea cavernosa was seen spawning. 2115 hrs: Coral gamete bundles seen at the sea surface (not a dense slick). 2130-2230 hrs: No spawning activity seen on the bottom. August 22, 1995 (East Flower Garden Bank) 2000 hrs: Creole Wrasse (Clepticus parrae) spawning rushes observed Summary: SPAWNING ORGANISMS, INCLUDING CORALS, FISH, and INVERTEBRATES Mussa angulosa (?) Aug 16 Caranx ruber Aug 17 Ophioderma rubicundum Aug 19 M. cavernosa Aug 16, 17, 22 Thalassoma bifasciatum Aug 16, 20 Spirobranchus giganteus Aug 16, 17, 20 M. franksi Aug 16, 17, 18 Clepticus parrae Aug 22 M. faveolata Aug 17, 18 D. strigosa Aug 17, 18, 21 C. natans Aug 19 CORAL SPAWN TIMING DATE TIME Aug 16-17 1930-0020 Aug 17-18 2050-0030 Aug 18 2145-2330 Aug 19 2045-2115 Aug 21 2130 Aug 22 2115 From hendee@wave Fri Sep 12 20:05:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA12611; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 20:03:56 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA01888; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 23:54:49 GMT Received: from mail1.eworld.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA01883; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 19:54:47 -0400 Received: by hp1.online.apple.com (1.37.109.16/16.2) id AA244520084; Tue, 12 Sep 1995 16:54:44 -0700 Date: Tue, 12 Sep 1995 16:54:44 -0700 From: Madeline.G@eworld.com Message-Id: <950912165442_14802586@eWorld.com> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Intro and request for information on volunteering... Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Greetings, I just joined this list, having just been referred to the CHAMP page... sounds like a great program! Does that program, or any others like it, need volunteers to help with eg,. the research and monitoring? Can anyone suggest someone I could talk with re: this? I am going to be taking a break from my current line of work (interactive media designer) this winter, and would love nothing more than to be doing alot of warm-water diving that could somehow help out a worthy cause. I've been diving about 10 years now, am currently getting my divemaster certification. I speak fluent Spanish and semi-fluent French. And, I've done prior volunteer work for the Fla Keys Nat'l Marine Sanctuary, Canyonlands Nat'l Park, etc... more details can be happily furnished upon request ;-). Any pointers or suggestions would be most appreciated! thanks, Madeline From hendee@wave Sat Sep 13 07:55:09 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA15902; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 07:51:52 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id LAA02465; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 11:48:18 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA02460; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 07:48:15 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA06242; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 07:48:14 -0400 Date: Wed, 13 Sep 1995 07:48:14 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Reef Research Institute Home Page Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following is a forwarded message from Jo Taylor of the World Conservation Monitoring Centre: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 13 Sep 95 11:48:27 BST From: Jo.Taylor@wcmc.org.uk Subject: re: Coral Reef Research Institute Home Page I attach info about WCMC'c activities in Coral Reef Mapping and our presence on the Internet. ______________________ WORLD CONSERVATION WCMC Project Profile MONITORING CENTRE ---------------------- Coral Reef Mapping The World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) is currently undertaking a major initiative to digitally map the world's coral reefs. This work is part of a collaborative venture with the International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) in the Philippines which will lead to the production of a global coral reef database to be known as ReefBase. Why are the data needed? Darwin first produced a map of the world's coral reefs in 1842, a slightly more detailed map was prepared by Joubin early this century. There have been very few systematic global surveys of coral reefs since these attempts - the only widely accepted summary statistics on reef coverage were published by Smith in 1978, while a more detailed descriptive account was provided in 1988 by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre in the highly-acclaimed three volume series "Coral Reefs of the World". There is a wide and growing need for recent, accurate information describing coral reefs at higher resolutions than are currently available. Such data, at the international level, are required by aid agencies, conservation organisations and industry as well as individual scientists and the public for uses that include planning operations and investment, monitoring changes, predicting fisheries statistics, planning shipping routes, scientific research, conservation and education. How can individual countries benefit? The coastal zone is an area of considerable interest to a wide range of users and detailed resource maps are increasingly important for planning and management. Maps are used by government planners, fisheries organisations, conservationists, scientists, protected areas agencies, and private organisations. While many countries have already begun detailed mapping programmes, others have not yet begun, or do not have the resources available to undertake this work. For those countries with little or no information at the national scale relating to marine resources this project will provide maps, which could be incorporated into national databases. The working scale of most maps will be 1:250,000, with more detailed scales (1:50,000 or 1:100,000) for specific sites and small nations. Due to the constraints of time and money it will not be possible to undertake highly detailed work, nor will it be possible to undertake any direct interpretation of remotely sensed data. Where digital datasets do not exist WCMC is actively seeking to obtain the best available maps in hard copy which it will then digitise. These maps, and there may be several for each country, could range in both quality and scale (with 1:250,000 being set as the ideal). The final digitised product would be made freely available to all contributors. For countries with existing coastal resource maps at the national level, either on hard copy or in digital format. Such data will prove very valuable for the ReefBase initiative. Non-digitised maps will be digitised and made available to the suppliers of the data. Digital maps will be incorporated directly where these are available. High resolution maps will be summarised as necessary. All the data will be fully acknowledged and referenced. Reef Maps - features to be incorporated The prime focus of this work will be to map coral reef distribution: coastlines, emergent reef crest or reef polygons and simple bathymetric data for coral reef areas. A separate project is currently underway to map the global distribution of mangrove forests which, although of lower resolution, will be a very useful complimentary dataset. Where possible it is hoped to incorporate other features relating to biodiversity and coastal sensitivity, as funding and time permits. The following is a list of features for which data will be incorporated subject to these provisos: Physical features: Coastline, differentiated if available, into mud, sand/gravel, rock, cliffs etc.; Emergent reef crest; Reef areas as polygons where available; Bathymetric data - 20, 50 and/or 100m wherever available; Simple wind, tide and current data Further substrate/habitat data: Mangrove; Seagrass; Mud, sand, rock, coral dominated habitat Species data: Turtle feeding and nesting sites; Reef fish distribution; Seabird colonies; Manatee and dugong distribution data Human aspects: Protected areas; Fisheries data; Shipping channels; Research stations; Dive sites; Towns and cities; Tourist and fishing centres; Other planning regimes (shipping, fishing, controls) For all countries and contributors. ReefBase, a global database describing the coral reefs and reef systems of the world will be prepared on CD-ROM and freely distributed to all contributors. The data on ReefBase will include a simple geographic information system (GIS) and bit-maps for every country along with summary statistics describing reef areas, protected areas and other management regimes, fisheries, economics, taxonomic information and much more. In addition to receiving data at the global level, participants will be linked, through ReefBase into a loose network of collaborating individuals, institutions and organisations. Funding and progress to date The World Conservation Monitoring Centre has highlighted coral reefs as key habitats of conservation importance and concern, and this initiative ties in closely with previous work at the Centre in the preparation of the "Coral Reefs of the World" volumes. Partial funding has come from the European Community, through the linkage to ReefBase. Further funding has been drawn from other projects at WCMC, including work on small island developing states for the United Nations Environment Programme, and current support from the International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association. Thus, although there is no single funding base, work is progressing steadily. By early 1995 detailed reef maps had been prepared or incorporated for over 25 countries. For further information on Coral Reef Mapping, please contact: Richard Luxmoore, Head of WCMC's Habitats Programme; Richard.Luxmoore@wcmc.org.uk ------------------------------------------------------------------------ For further information, please contact: The Information Officer World Conservation Monitoring Centre Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 219 Huntingdon Road Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 Cambridge CB3 0DL, United Kingdom e-mail: info@wcmc.org.uk WCMC Conservation Information Service is sponsored by the BT Community Programme ------------------------------------------------------------------------ coral.prj mar95gy __________________________ WORLD CONSERVATION WCMC Information Services MONITORING CENTRE -------------------------- Internet Services WCMC is expanding its information services by using international communications networks - especially the Internet, which is the most widely used network for science. The Internet allows WCMC to access and be accessed electronically by other users of the network. Recent estimates indicate millions of users are linked via the Internet. To assist these users, a number of programs and services are available through the Internet to enable organisations to manage their own information and to retrieve information from other users. The most commonly used features include Email, World Wide Web, Gopher, List Servers, Anonymous File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS). WCMC is utilising these facilities to provide information and meta-database services via the Internet. (Meta-databases are databases of databases, i.e. they tell users where information can be obtained). Five services are in operation: - World Wide Web (WWW) - for users of the WWW, WCMC has released its own WWW home page providing access to conservation data and information, including text, tables, maps and images. This can be accessed through the following universal resource locator (URL) http://www.wcmc.org.uk - Anonymous FTP - this allows users of the Internet to copy files to and from a dedicated disk area at WCMC on which a variety of information is available already. The address of this disk is: ftp.wcmc.org.uk - List Server - an electronic discussion forum for CITES-related issues using email. - WCMC hosts a node for the Microbial Strain Data Network (MSDN). - Biodiversity Information Network - WCMC is one of five WWW nodes for the BIN21 network, that disseminates information relating to Agenda 21 and informs the global biodiversity community of regional contacts and current activities. WCMC is a primary test site for a meta-database system serving a range of environmental disciplines. This will allow network users to browse through descriptions and view examples of WCMC's data-sets. The meta- database uses the Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) Catalog System and lists WCMC data, including an inventory of products and services. It is both X and character-based and belongs to the NASA Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) family of connected meta-databases. Following a review of existing systems, WCMC has embarked on two projects to develop its own meta-database systems. The first project provided an Internal Meta-database System (IMS) that is used for the internal search and retrieval of information. The second project is developing a Metadata Entry Tool (MET) allowing external users to fill in meta-data records describing WCMC data-sets. This has been developed to export to one of three formats, CIESIN Directory Interchange Format (DIF), NASA GCMD DIF, and UNEP GRID. WCMC is beta-testing this system for operational use by October 1994. WCMC's long term objectives are to make information and data available to users through an open and transparent on-line information service. The services offered will be periodically expanded in response to feedback from users and to include further information that becomes available. For information on the above please contact: Ian Barnes, Data and Communications Coordinator e-mail: ian.barnes@wcmc.org.uk ------------------------------------------------------------------------ For further information on other WCMC projects, please contact: The Information Officer World Conservation Monitoring Centre Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 219 Huntingdon Road Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 Cambridge CB3 0DL, United Kingdom e-mail: info@wcmc.org.uk WCMC Conservation Information Service is sponsored by the BT Community Programme ------------------------------------------------------------------------ internet.inf oct94y From hendee@wave Sat Sep 13 08:39:27 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA17171; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 08:35:53 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA02514; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 12:33:52 GMT Received: from hera.rbi.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA02509; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 08:33:32 -0400 Received: by hera.rbi.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de (1.38.193.4/16.2) id AA10103; Wed, 13 Sep 1995 14:33:05 +0200 From: William Kiene Posted-Date: Wed, 13 Sep 95 14:33:05 MESZ Received-Date: Wed, 13 Sep 1995 14:33:05 +0200 Message-Id: <9509131233.AA10103@hera.rbi.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de> Subject: Panama "Taphonomy" session To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Date: Wed, 13 Sep 95 14:33:05 MESZ Mailer: Elm [revision: 70.85] Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Taphonomy of Past and Present Reef Organisms A symposium session for the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama 24-29 June 1996 Reminder: We are soliciting participation in this symposium to bring together presentations on a wide range of aspects concerning the taphonomic process on reefs. We seek presentations from both geologists and biologists working on living and fossil reef communities. The taphonomic process on reefs includes the factors that influence the way skeletal remains contribute to the formation and growth of reef framework and sedimentary environments. It also includes the factors that control the budgets of CaCO3 in reef environments. The session will provide a venue for presentations dealing with such processes as mortality, decay, encrustation, bioerosion, deposition, and diagenesis on reefs. If you are interested to make a presentation, please notify one of us by 1 October 1995 via post, fax, or e-mail. Please include a preliminary title. Please send us a COPY of your abstract when prepared. Final abstracts should be prepared as instructed in the second 8th ICRS circular and SENT TO THE EDITOR, H.A. Lessios, not later than 1 November 1995. (If you do not have these instructions, please let us know or contact H.A. Lessios in Panama: fax: 507-228-0516, E-mail: stri01.naos.lessiosh@ic.si.edu ). We look forward to your participation. Dr. William E. Kiene Dr. James Nebelsick Geology-Palaontology Institute Institute for Geology J.W.Goethe University and Palaeontology Senckenberganlage 32 University of Tuebingen D-60054 Frankfurt am Main Sigwartstrasse 10 Germany D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany Tel: +49 69 798 28598 Tel: +49 7071 29 7546 Fax: +49 69 798 22958 Fax: +49 7071 29 6990 kiene@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de nebelsick@uni-tuebingen.de From hendee@wave Sun Sep 14 11:24:07 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA17686; Thu, 14 Sep 1995 11:17:01 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA05068; Thu, 14 Sep 1995 15:04:54 GMT Received: from odo.earthsat.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA05063; Thu, 14 Sep 1995 11:04:48 -0400 Received: from esat-155.earthsat.com (esat-155) by odo.earthsat.com ; 14 SEP 95 11:05:06 EDT From: vscalco@earthsat.com To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: coral reef in philippines Cc: vscalco@odo.earthsat.com:vscalco@odo.earthsat.com, lmuller@odo.earthsat.com:vscalco@odo.earthsat.com, ccaporal@odo.earthsat.com:vscalco@odo.earthsat.com, rmitchel@odo.earthsat.com:vscalco@odo.earthsat.com Reply-To: vscalco@earthsat.com Date: Thu, 14 Sep 95 11:03: 0 EDT Content-Length: 480 Content-Type: text/plain Message-ID: <9509141503.002620@esat-155.earthsat.com> X-Mailer: SelectMAIL 1.2 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: We are interested in existing studies and geographic data bases for an area of the Philippines; (14 degrees to 11 degrees South/118 degrees 30 minutes to 122 degrees East). We are looking to determine the health of the coral reef in the above area and we are looking for researches who have extensive knowledge of this type of study. Please email us with your qualifications and information and we will get back with you. Thank you very much for your cooperation. From hendee@wave Thu Sep 18 02:07:07 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id CAA06275; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 02:05:25 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id GAA04040; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 06:02:14 GMT Received: from SCALOP.AIMS.GOV.AU by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id CAA04035; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 02:02:02 -0400 Received: from AIMS.GOV.AU by AIMS.GOV.AU (PMDF V4.3-10 #7365) id <01HVFDDNK3M28WWQXZ@AIMS.GOV.AU>; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 16:01:57 +1000 Date: Mon, 18 Sep 1995 16:01:57 +1000 From: T_AYUKAI@aims.gov.au Subject: ICRS Symposium: Ecology of Pest Organisms" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <01HVFDDNKD988WWQXZ@AIMS.GOV.AU> X-VMS-To: IN%"coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov." MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Colleague, Dr. Brian Lassig and myself are organizing a session on "Ecology of Pest Organisms on Coral Reefs" for the ICRS meeting in Panama. Those who have expressed an interest in presenting a paper in our session (see the list below). Could you please send me your abstract by; OCTOBER 16 (MONDAY). We may have a few more slots during our session. Should you think that your talk is relevant to the objectives of our session, please contact me as soon as possible. Potential Participants: Drupella - Dr. Loya (Israel), Dr. McClanahan (Kenya), Dr. Black (Aust.) Crown-of-thorns starfish - Dr. Zann (Aust.), Dr. Oliver (Aust.), Mr. Okaji (Aust.) Sea urchins - Dr. Hutchings (Aust.) Background: Crown-of-thorns starfish has caused extensive damages to a number of coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Feeding by some gastropods has been a significant cause of coral mortality. Coral reefs in some locations are also suffering from massive bioerosion due to grazing by sea urchins. Outbreaks of these pest organisms and their effects on the condition of coral reefs should not be dealt with in isolation from the rapid deterioration of coral reefs on a global scale. A number of now heavily deteriorated coral reefs were initially affected by outbreaks of pest organisms, in particular of crown-of-thorns starfish. Such coral reefs failed to recover afterwards, because of the presence of stresses caused by human activities. Crown-of-thorns starfish, coral eating gastropods and sea urchins. They are all natural inhabitants of coral reefs and in this context should not be regarded as pest organisms. The important point is, however, whether outbreaks of these organisms are a natural phenomenon or are somehow linked to human activities. Outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish, for example, seem to occur naturally, but a possibility remains that their intensity is exacerbated by the consequence(s) of human activities, such as eutrophication and over-fishing.It may be the human that makes crown-of-thorns starfish pest organisms. The objectives of the proposed session are to gather the latest information on the population status of pest organisms on coral reefs of different locations and to develop further understanding of factors affecting their population dynamics. It will also address through discussions a question of how human activities might affect populations of pest organisms on coral reefs. (You may have seen a few unfinished messages from me. I apologize) Tenshi Ayukai Australian Institute of Marine Science Fax 61-77-725852 e-mail t.ayukai@aims.gov.au. Brian Lassig Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Fax 61-77-726093 e-mail brian_lassig@gbrmpa.gov.au. From hendee@wave Thu Sep 18 14:29:00 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA17516; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 14:24:44 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA06291; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 18:22:10 GMT Received: from harpo.grdl.noaa.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA06286; Mon, 18 Sep 1995 14:22:05 -0400 Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov by harpo.grdl.noaa.gov with SMTP (16.6/15.6) id AA18124; Mon, 18 Sep 95 14:21:57 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 18 Sep 1995 14:22:47 -0500 From: "Gittings, S." Subject: Coral Spawning and Bleaching To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-MS 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: On September 16, eight evenings after the September 8 full moon, the corals of the East Flower Garden Bank (northwest Gulf of Mexico) spawned in mass. The timing and species involved were similar to some previous years. This was after August spawning reported over seven evenings between August 16 and 22. Unfortunately, we were not able to make observations on Sept. 15 or 17. Diploria strigosa brain corals began spawning at about 8:00 p.m. (CDT) on the 16th and continued until around 10:00 p.m. Sperm release from male Montastrea cavernosa colonies was observed between 9:00 and 10:30. No egg release by females was reported. Montastrea annularis (most descriptions indicated M. faveolata form was the predominant participant) star corals spawned between 9:40 and 10:15. A dense spawn slick was evident from 8:00 to 8:30, then again from 9:15 to 10:35, and a final small, but dense slick passed the ship at 11:05. There was a lull in activity on the bottom between 8:30 and 9:15. The decrease in the slick density occurred at nearly the same time. Also observed spawning at 10:30 was a male Christmas tree worm (Spirobranchus giganteus; no egg release by females was witnessed in September), and the sponge Ectyoplasia ferox (observations at 3:30 and 10:30). Associated observations: Ruby brittle stars (Ophioderma rubicundum) were active, but unlike previous years, no spawning was witnessed. Brittle stars were on the tops of corals. Some collected gamete bundles and scurried for cover, as usual, when hit by video or dive lights. A manta ray was seen by two divers around 9:15, but no mention was made of it feeding on gamete bundles. The water was unusually green over the banks during the week before, and during, the spawning. Visibility was less than 70 feet, and currents on the bottom just under a knot. Blue water usually surrounds the Flower Gardens and visibility is typically over 100 feet. A swarm of 100s of moon jellys (Aurelia aurita) passed over the site at 9:15, also an unusual sighting, one probably associated with the atypical water mass. Seas during the spawing were less than two feet and winds were from the south at less than 5 knots. A 1 knot bottom currents was heading east and the surface current was nearly slack, but heading northeast. Things to consider: There is still a lot to learn before we can accurately predict the expected timing and extent of spawning on various reefs and for different species. Could it be that the relatively early August full moon "confused" the corals into spawning erratically over seven nights, even though the majority happened on the 8th evening after the full moon? The early Sept. full moon was followed eight evenings later by a dramatic mass spawning. In 1990, a dramatic "main event" was witnessed on August 13, three nights before this years first observations, so there is obviously more to the picture than the date. Next year there is a very late July full moon and a late August full moon (similar to 1993 when the main event was seen on Sept. 8, after the August 31 full moon). Based on observations at the Flower Gardens since 1990, I am betting on the September spawning date. If no unusual environmental events intervene, it also seems likely that the event will be quite focused and perhaps more intense than this year's activity. Bleaching Water temperature was 30.0#161#C on September 16th, and considerable bleaching was in progress for three species (Millepora alcicornis, Montastrea cavernosa, and Stephanocoenia michelini, while a number of other species appeared to be much paler than normal). This high a temperature this late in the year is unusual for the Flower Gardens and is very similar to patterns of 1990, the last bleaching year at the site. Even so, my visual estimate is that extreme bleaching is affecting less than 10% of the coral cover (coral cover is about 50%). This may, however, exceed 1990 levels, so it bears watching. Corals are being monitored at 80 repetitive photographic stations, each eight square meters in size. From hendee@wave Fri Sep 19 06:49:44 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id GAA24104; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 06:44:42 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id KAA07147; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 10:37:40 GMT Received: from violet.csv.warwick.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id GAA07142; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 06:37:35 -0400 Received: from rna.bio.warwick.ac.uk by violet.csv.warwick.ac.uk with SMTP id LAA05704; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 11:37:12 +0100 Received: From DNA/WORKQUEUE by rna.bio.warwick.ac.uk via Charon-4.0A-VROOM with IPX id 100.950919112451.416; 19 Sep 95 11:37:53 +0500 Message-ID: From: "Charles Sheppard" Organization: Biol. Sciences Univ. of Warwick To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Date: Tue, 19 Sep 1995 11:24:27 GMT Subject: Hurricanes, Saba and sponges Priority: normal X-mailer: Pegasus Mail/Windows (v1.20) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Kenny Buchan, the marine park manager in Saba, has asked for any published details or unpublished information on regrowth and recovery rates of sponges, particularly "barrel sponges". Saba's spectacular sponges suffered in the last few weeks from the two hurricanes which passed close by. Any information can be passed to me for forwarding, and will be gratefully received. C. Sheppard, Dept Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. Best wishes Charles Sheppard From hendee@wave Fri Sep 19 09:57:44 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA29682; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 09:53:41 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA07403; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 12:31:40 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA07398; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 08:31:10 -0400 Received: from monty.rsmas.miami.edu (monty.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.34]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id IAA10532 for ; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 08:31:02 -0400 Date: Tue, 19 Sep 1995 08:31:02 -0400 Message-Id: <199509191231.IAA10532@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: weil@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: Coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: eweil@rsmas.miami.edu (Ernesto Weil) Subject: spawning timing in Montastraeas, etc. Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I am interested in information on the timing differences in spawning onset among the three sibling species of Montastraea (M. annularis, M. faveolata, and M. franksi) observed in August and September of this year or last year. In Key Largo and Biscayne National Park (BNP) Mfranksi spawned between 1 and 1 1/2 hours before the other two species in 1994 and 1995). This year , Mfaveolata started to spawn about half an hour to 45 min before Mannularis. Any information is appreciated. This month , very few colonies spawned in Key Largo Dry Rocks, Florida Reef Track. One Mannularis was observed spawning at 23:20 on the night of Sep. 14. Three Mfaveolata spawned at 23:20 on the night of Sep. 15. None spawned on the 17. Spawning intensity was very low and sparse around the colony. Around 10-20 % of the polyps in Mannularis, and a little more than that but less than 50% of all polyps in Mfaveolata. Thanks. EW. From hendee@wave Fri Sep 19 11:18:32 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA02478; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 11:13:53 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA07592; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 13:52:54 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA07587; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 09:52:25 -0400 Received: from aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu (aszmant.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.19]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id JAA11937 for ; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 09:52:19 -0400 Date: Tue, 19 Sep 1995 09:52:19 -0400 Message-Id: <199509191352.JAA11937@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: szmant@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.3 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: aszmant@rsmas.miami.edu (Alina Szmant) Subject: Florida coral spawning Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: In contrast to other areas (Jamaica and Texas Flower Gardens) from which we have reports of a second coral spawning in September (15, 16), there was little to no spawning on two Florida Keys reefs on Sept. 14-16. Extensive checking of Key Largo and Biscayne National Park colonies of the Montastraea species revealed very few (ca. 2-5 %) of colonies with gonads. Samples of four of these colonies brought into the laboratory spawned at odd hours in contrast with previous years in which lab corals spawned at the same time as field corals. Any other observations from Florida coral spawn watchers would be appreciated. ********************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant Coral Reef Research Group RSMAS-MBF University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami FL 33149 TEL: (305)361-4609 FAX: (305)361-4600 or 361-4005 E-mail: ASZMANT@RSMAS.MIAMI.EDU ********************************************** From hendee@wave Sat Sep 20 00:57:55 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id AAA18430 for ; Wed, 20 Sep 1995 00:57:55 -0400 Received: from epic66.dep.state.fl.us by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id AAA09640; Wed, 20 Sep 1995 00:56:32 -0400 Received: from mr.dep.state.fl.us by EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US (PMDF V5.0-4 #7204) id <01HVHB42WYB4004BOS@EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US> for OWNER-CORAL-LIST@REEF.AOML.ERL.GOV; Wed, 20 Sep 1995 00:57:26 -0500 (EST) Received: with PMDF-MR; Wed, 20 Sep 1995 00:57:15 -0500 (EST) MR-Received: by mta ARM1; Relayed; Wed, 20 Sep 1995 00:57:15 -0500 MR-Received: by mta EPIC66; Relayed; Wed, 20 Sep 1995 00:57:19 -0500 Date: Tue, 19 Sep 1995 10:03:00 -0500 (EST) From: "Walt, Jaap" Subject: Hurricanes, Saba and sponges - Reply To: OWNER-CORAL-LIST@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <01HVHB43P31I004BOS@mr.dep.state.fl.us> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Priority: normal UA-content-id: WPCORP X400-MTS-identifier: [;51750002905991/100123@ARM1] Hop-count: 2 Status: RO X-Status: Dear Dr. Sheppard: Here is some unpublished thought on the regrown of Xestospongia muta. In 1983 a salvage operation off Key Largo damaged a large number of these sponges. The towing cables from the tug boats were allowed to drop to the bottom. When the slack was recovered, the cables cut the sponges in half and less. After about five years those that survived (most with 25 percent or more of the body left intact) did recover and grow back. The growth was somewhat abnormal so it was possible to detect the individuals that were damaged. Within about ten years, the recovery was nearly complete; meaning that the growth had repaired most of the damage and the sponges are about as large as those that were not affected by the tug cables. Hope this is of some use. Walt Jaap FMRI, St. Pete From hendee@wave Sun Sep 21 16:13:42 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA24656 for ; Thu, 21 Sep 1995 16:13:41 -0400 Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id QAA01696; Thu, 21 Sep 1995 16:13:41 -0400 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HVJFABI4AO001C0Q@CGNET.COM>; Thu, 21 Sep 1995 13:18:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <3061C736@msm.cgnet.com>; Thu, 21 Sep 95 13:12:38 PDT Date: Thu, 21 Sep 1995 18:31:00 -0700 (PDT) From: John McManus Subject: RE: coral reef in Philippines To: owner-coral-list Message-id: <3061C736@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 31 TEXT Status: RO X-Status: This message comes as a reply to that which you sent to coral-list inquiring about coral reefs in the Philippines. ReefBase has 135 reefs listed for the area you specified (that is assuming you meant 14 degrees to 11 degrees North instead of South and 118 degrees to 122 degrees East) We are not particularly sure about the kind of information you need but if you'd get back to us we'd look into our database maybe refer you to those who have been doing studies in the area. Menchie Ablan Team Leader ReefBase ---------- From: owner-coral-list To: coral-list Cc: vscalco; vscalco; vscalco; vscalco Subject: coral reef in philippines Date: Thursday, September 14, 1995 11:03AM We are interested in existing studies and geographic data bases for an area of the Philippines; (14 degrees to 11 degrees South/118 degrees 30 minutes to 122 degrees East). We are looking to determine the health of the coral reef in the above area and we are looking for researches who have extensive knowledge of this type of study. Please email us with your qualifications and information and we will get back with you. Thank you very much for your cooperation. From hendee@wave Mon Sep 22 08:52:48 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA04364; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 08:48:22 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA20646; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 12:38:09 GMT Received: from violet.csv.warwick.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA20641; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 08:38:04 -0400 Received: from rna.bio.warwick.ac.uk by violet.csv.warwick.ac.uk with SMTP id NAA04717; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 13:37:57 +0100 Received: From DNA/WORKQUEUE by rna.bio.warwick.ac.uk via Charon-4.0A-VROOM with IPX id 100.950922133442.704; 22 Sep 95 13:36:44 +0500 Message-ID: From: "Charles Sheppard" Organization: Biol. Sciences Univ. of Warwick To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 13:34:00 GMT Subject: Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean Priority: normal X-mailer: Pegasus Mail/Windows (v1.20) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A There is a 20 person reef and island science research visit to Chagos in the central Indian Ocean for periods of up to 6 weeks, starting in February. For various reasons, access to this region is restricted, and this will be the first research visit since expeditions in the 1970's. The atolls are uninhabited, the reefs pristine. A couple of researchers who planned to come have recently had to drop out, thereby freeing up some space. Anybody who is interested in details of the programme and who might wish to participate, please reply to this message, for receipt of a 4 page document on the programme objectives, present participants and logistical details. I hope some of you are interested - I would hate to have to leave a couple of places empty, especially since visits to the central Indian Ocean after this visit may once again be unlikely for a long time. Best wishes Charles Sheppard From hendee@wave Mon Sep 22 09:49:11 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA06255; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 09:46:26 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA20769; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 13:40:57 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA20764; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 09:40:54 -0400 Received: from monty.rsmas.miami.edu (monty.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.34]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id JAA25516 for ; Fri, 22 Sep 1995 09:40:52 - 0400 Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 09:40:52 -0400 Message-Id: <199509221340.JAA25516@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: weil@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: CORAL-LIST@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: eweil@rsmas.miami.edu (Ernesto Weil) Subject: "white-line disease" Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Colonies of D.stockessi have started to show signs of the disease in Biscayne National Park reefs. Still very few individuals in the area though. Surveys made two weeks ago over 8 reefs (offshore and inshore) resulted in only one colony of Dstockesii (< 1% of colonies surveyed) with signs of the disease. Some colonies of Apalmata have been showing white bands (bleaching, white band disease?) for over a month but this bands do not seem to advance quickly. R. Curry from the Park Service, noted some colonies of M.cavernosa also with white-line disease symptoms. On the other hand, many colonies (60-70 % of the ones surveyed) of Acervicornis where mostly dead with only the tips alive in two of our reef sites. This young colonies were doing fine until two weeks ago. Symptoms seem to be those of the "white-line" disease. More to come. EW. From hendee@wave Fri Sep 19 10:45:51 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA01123; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 10:36:35 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA07516; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 13:16:06 GMT Received: from arl-img-4.compuserve.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA07511; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 09:15:35 -0400 Received: by arl-img-4.compuserve.com (8.6.10/5.950515) id JAA00456; Tue, 19 Sep 1995 09:15:31 -0400 Date: 19 Sep 95 09:09:04 EDT From: Harry McCarty <73261.2212@compuserve.com> To: Subject: Disease Workshop Message-ID: <950919130904_73261.2212_FHO72-2@CompuServe.COM> Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A workshop, "New Perspectives on Pathobiology of Coral Reef Organisms," will be presented at the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, 24-29 June 1996 in Panama City, Panama. This one-day workshop will be held mid-week during the symposium and will provide a forum for education and communication in the field of pathobiology as it relates to the study of diseases in algae, invertebrates, and vertebrates of tropical marine ecosystems. The workshop will consist of short presentations on diseases and research topics, hands-on discussion/demonstration sessions of methods and techniques in histopathology, microbiology, and parasitology, and a discussion on physical/chemical factors causing or mediating diseases in these organisms. Participants are encouraged to provide short seminars on topics in their area(s) of expertise, as well as to contribute examples of their own disease research "problems" for consultation. Participants are also encouraged to submit papers on diseases of tropical marine organisms for presentation during a contributed paper session at the symposium, which will be published in the symposium proceedings. If you are interested in attending the workshop, please contact: Esther Peters Debbie Santavy Tetra Tech, Inc. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 10306 Eaton Place Environmental Research Laboratory Suite 340 1 Sabine Island Drive Fairfax, VA 22030 USA Gulf Breeze, FL 32361 USA phone: 703-385-6000 phone: 904-934-9358 fax: 703-385-6007 fax: 904-934-9300 e-mail: ecpeters@planetcom.com e-mail: dsantavy@gulfbr.gbr.epa.gov From hendee@wave Wed Sep 24 16:16:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA12151; Sun, 24 Sep 1995 16:11:43 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id UAA25342; Sun, 24 Sep 1995 20:05:04 GMT Received: from twirl.io.org by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id QAA25337; Sun, 24 Sep 1995 16:04:58 -0400 Received: from dyna-27.net7e.io.org (dyna-27.net7e.io.org [204.92.52.27]) by twirl.io.org (8.6.9/8.6.9) with SMTP id QAA01964 for ; Sun, 24 Sep 1995 16:04:58 -0400 Date: Sun, 24 Sep 1995 16:04:58 -0400 Message-Id: <199509242004.QAA01964@twirl.io.org> X-Sender: howzit@io.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: howzit@io.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Subject: Indian River, Florida X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hello, I am interested in any information on the water quality (coral health or lack thereof) of Indian River, Florida. I have left posts in newsgroups such as rec.scuba, surfed the Net for Florida agencies, and come up dry. I am particularly interested if any water quality tests have been done off the ocean there. My interest relates to the high incidence of the disease fibropapillomas in the green sea turtles in the area. Someone studying the reef system or corals in this area (say by diving there) would certainly have the information I need. Thanks ^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett 0 0 Mississauga, Ontario /V^\ I I /^V\ Email: howzit@io.org /V Turtle Trax V\ /V Forever Green V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab From hendee@wave Thu Sep 25 15:50:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA07761; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 15:44:58 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA27601; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 19:34:10 GMT Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA27595; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 15:34:05 -0400 Received: from uhunix4.its.Hawaii.Edu ([128.171.44.54]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <11589(3)>; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 09:22:32 -1000 Received: from ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU ([128.171.120.3]) by uhunix4.its.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <105819>; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 09:20:57 -1000 Received: from ZOOLOGY/SpoolDir by ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU (Mercury 1.21); 25 Sep 95 09:13:56 -1000 Received: from SpoolDir by ZOOLOGY (Mercury 1.21); 25 Sep 95 09:13:47 -1000 From: "Stephanie Bailenson" Organization: University of Hawaii - Zoology To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 10:13:38 -1000 Subject: (Fwd) Indian River, Florida Priority: normal X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v2.01) Message-ID: <151725E4381@ZOOGATE.ZOO.HAWAII.EDU> Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This came off the fish scology list...Perhaps someone here can help. ------ Forwarded Message Follows ------- Date: Sun, 24 Sep 1995 16:04:58 -0400 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: howzit@io.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Subject: Indian River, Florida Hello, I am interested in any information on the water quality (coral health or lack thereof) of Indian River, Florida. I have left posts in newsgroups such as rec.scuba, surfed the Net for Florida agencies, and come up dry. I am particularly interested if any water quality tests have been done off the ocean there. My interest relates to the high incidence of the disease fibropapillomas in the green sea turtles in the area. Someone studying the reef system or corals in this area (say by diving there) would certainly have the information I need. Thanks ^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett 0 0 Mississauga, Ontario /V^\ I I /^V\ Email: howzit@io.org /V Turtle Trax V\ /V Forever Green V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab From hendee@wave Thu Sep 25 15:50:59 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA07764; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 15:45:00 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA27591; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 19:30:16 GMT Received: from smtp.utexas.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA27586; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 15:30:08 -0400 Received: from [128.83.136.103] (oak.zo.utexas.edu [128.83.136.103]) by smtp.utexas.edu (8.6.7/8.6.6) with SMTP id NAA19842 for ; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 13:55:49 -0500 Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 13:55:49 -0500 Message-Id: <199509251855.NAA19842@smtp.utexas.edu> X-Sender: j.reichman@mail.utexas.edu (Unverified) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: j.reichman@mail.utexas.edu (Jay Randall Reichman) Subject: Coral spawning on Lee Stocking in August Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This is a late note about spawning activity that was observed on North Perry Reef at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas on Aug. 17 and 18. Aug.17: At 21:15 - 21:30 a single colony of Montastrea cavernosa was observed releasing a milky substance (presumed to be sperm) in a series of pulses. From 21:30 - 21:45 many pink/orange balls approx. 1-2mm diameter (probably eggs packs from another Monastrea type) were seen in the water column. The exact colonies from which these balls were released could not be confirmed. Throughout the night there were dense clouds of worms, small fish and other juvinille organisms which were attracted to the lights. Aug. 18: At 21:15 - 21:45 many colonies of M. cavernosa were seen with white packets at the mouths of polyps with retracted tentacles. During the same time large swellings were noted in the grooves of a colony of Copophyllia natans. 21:30, a foamy white slick was observed on the surface. 22:00, a platy colony of Montastrea faveolata (?) released many 1-2mm pink/orange balls in a single pulse. These looked to the unaided eye to be identical to those seen on the previous night. The specific identy of the platy Montastrea is uncertain at present. This colony was examined in the field by Judy Lang and was thought to be M. faveolata, however, the slide which we took of this colony leaves us still wondering. The slide is being sent to Ernesto Weil for comment. We may have to collect the coral during our return to Lee Stocking in October for "expert" identification. 22:10, 5 brittle stars (Ophioderma rubicundum) were observed in an aggregation on top of another platy Montastrea adjacent to the one described above. Again, there were huge amounts of worms, small fish, etc swarming around the lighting equipment. We are still waiting to hear about observations made on Lee Stocking during September. Adios, Jay Reichman Dept. of Zoology University of Texas at Austin From hendee@wave Thu Sep 25 20:30:22 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA21539; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:23:18 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id AAA28600; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 00:18:11 GMT Received: from pinch.io.org by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id UAA28595; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:18:04 -0400 Received: from dyna-12.net7b.io.org (dyna-12.net7b.io.org [204.92.49.12]) by pinch.io.org (8.6.9/8.6.9) with SMTP id UAA22721 for ; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:18:05 -0400 Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:18:05 -0400 Message-Id: <199509260018.UAA22721@pinch.io.org> X-Sender: howzit@io.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: howzit@io.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Subject: thank you VERY much X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: To all Coral types who responded, Thanks all of you for the info you provided me so quickly regarding people to contact in the Indian River area. Over three months of net surfing brought me zip but one message in Coral got me a phone number. That one phone call to Florida got me another phone number but I know THAT one will have all the info I need. The gentleman I spoke to briefly (it was 10 to 5 when I called) confirmed my suspicion that the Indian River area is far from pristine. I mentioned that our dive site on Maui got trashed and he agreed "trashed" is a good word for Indian River but grand efforts are being made to "restore" it. My husband and I had an area of ocean of West Maui all to ourselves. I've dived it since 1977 - he since 1987. In 1989, this area experienced the first of several cladophora algae blooms. Because we dive with video we were able to document it. Upon our return in 1990 we were shocked at how many corals died in the course of 10 months. Our dive site has been through blooms and heavy run offs and I can't begin to go into everything. I am not a scientist, just a diver whose dive site got trashed. We met some turtles there. We dive with the same animals every year. Since we met them in 1988, we have seen them get sick with a disease. Indian River has the same incidence of disease. Hence my interest in the water lack-of-quality of Indian River. I am also interested in corals because (thankfully) there ARE corals that are still alive in our area and I intend to keep it that way. Now to ask about Australia.... Thanks again ^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett 0 0 Mississauga, Ontario /V^\ I I /^V\ Email: howzit@io.org /V Turtle Trax V\ /V Forever Green V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab From hendee@wave Thu Sep 25 20:34:52 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA21820; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:28:08 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id AAA28611; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 00:25:42 GMT Received: from bonk.io.org by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id UAA28606; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:25:38 -0400 Received: from dyna-12.net7b.io.org (dyna-12.net7b.io.org [204.92.49.12]) by bonk.io.org (8.6.9/8.6.9) with SMTP id UAA08378 for ; Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:25:36 -0400 Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 20:25:36 -0400 Message-Id: <199509260025.UAA08378@bonk.io.org> X-Sender: howzit@io.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: howzit@io.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Subject: Info re. the Great Down Under X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I spent all day yesterday net surfing. I stumbled upon the ERIN server in Australia and buzzed the files there. I read as many files as I could before my back gave out. What got me especially interested was algae blooms in Australia. Two sites are of special interest to me and like before I wish information on the water quality of these two areas. >From the Net files, the two areas of worst eutrophication/algae are Peel-Harvey system Cockburn Sound I am looking for people who can give me info on these two areas. And yes, I am willing to make phone calls to Australia. (It would be a first for me) I suspect with algae blooms that any corals in these two areas are goners. What I am also suspecting is these two areas are prime candidates for sick turtles. If anyone reading this knows of others sub-tropical, tropical areas experiencing algae blooms/eutrophication, I would VERY like to know about it. Turtle people and coral people have VERY much in common. We BOTH need the oceans to be clean. Thanks. ^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett 0 0 Mississauga, Ontario /V^\ I I /^V\ Email: howzit@io.org /V Turtle Trax V\ /V Forever Green V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab From hendee@wave Fri Sep 26 01:19:58 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id BAA04708; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 01:16:04 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id FAA28822; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 05:10:53 GMT Received: from epic66.dep.state.fl.us by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id BAA28817; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 01:10:50 -0400 Received: from mr.dep.state.fl.us by EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US (PMDF V5.0-4 #7204) id <01HVPPCUUWQ8004TO5@EPIC66.DEP.STATE.FL.US> for CORAL-LIST@REEF.AOML.ERL.GOV; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 01:11:43 -0500 (EST) Received: with PMDF-MR; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 01:11:34 -0500 (EST) MR-Received: by mta ARM1; Relayed; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 01:11:34 -0500 MR-Received: by mta EPIC66; Relayed; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 01:11:37 -0500 Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 15:59:53 -0500 (EST) From: "Minton, Scott T" Subject: Indian Ocean trip To: CORAL-LIST@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <01HVPPCVLFLI004TO5@mr.dep.state.fl.us> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Priority: normal UA-content-id: WPCORP X400-MTS-identifier: [;43111062905991/101836@ARM1] Hop-count: 2 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I understand that a trip to several pristine Indian Ocean atolls is being planned for Feb 1996. I would appreciate receiving documentation on the research objectives, project logistics, etc. Thanks, Scott Minton minton_s@skelton.dep.state.fl.us From hendee@wave Fri Sep 26 09:46:36 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA16950; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 09:44:14 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA29229; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 13:37:57 GMT Received: from odo.earthsat.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA29224; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 09:37:53 -0400 Received: from esat-155.earthsat.com (esat-155) by odo.earthsat.com ; 26 SEP 95 09:38:27 EDT From: vscalco@earthsat.com To: Coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Trip to Indian Ocean Reply-To: vscalco@earthsat.com Date: Tue, 26 Sep 95 09:34: 2 EDT Content-Length: 242 Content-Type: text/plain Message-ID: <9509261334.022440@esat-155.earthsat.com> X-Mailer: SelectMAIL 1.2 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I would also like to request documentation on the findings, objectives from the 1996 trip to the several prinstine Indian Ocean Atolls. Thank you. Valerie J. Scalco Product Services Earth Satellite Corporation email: vscalco@earthsat.com From hendee@wave Fri Sep 26 11:28:55 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA22274; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 11:25:16 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA29415; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 15:20:55 GMT Received: from relay.us.sidwell.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA29410; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 11:20:32 -0400 Received: from coral.us.sidwell.edu (coral.us.sidwell.edu [204.107.128.103]) by relay.us.sidwell.edu (8.6.12/8.6.9) with ESMTP id LAA00650 for <@relay.us.sidwell.edu:coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov>; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 11:05:13 - 0400 Received: by coral.us.sidwell.edu (940816.SGI.8.6.9/940406.SGI.AUTO) id LAA07352; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 11:19:36 -0700 From: adam@coral.us.sidwell.edu (Adam Frampton) Message-Id: <199509261819.LAA07352@coral.us.sidwell.edu> Subject: EarthVision at Sidwell Friends To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Date: Tue, 26 Sep 1995 11:19:31 -0700 (PDT) Cc: ev@coral.us.sidwell.edu X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4 PL24] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Length: 2836 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Interested members of the scientific community: My name is Adam Frampton, and I am a student at the Sidwell Friends High School in Washington, DC. During this school year, a team of students wrote a grant proposal with a team of students and was awarded an EPA grant under the EarthVision project at Saginaw Valley State University, in Bay City Michigan. My team, which includes 4 other students and 1 teacher, participated in several weeks of classes/lectures in Michigan. Our proposal outlined a study of the coral reefs in Southern Florida. We are examining the causes of the decline which has taken place since 1980. Using computational analysis and scientific visualization, we will be creating models, simulations, and visualizations of abiotic and biotic factors. Our school has been awarded a Silicon Graphics Indy workstation equiped with the latest in graphics technology, and access to the Cray Supercomputer at the National Environmental Supercomputing Center, here in Bay City. Our team has experience programming in C and FORTRAN, which are part of the program, but we will be using AVS to create the actual visualizations. We have been working with Dr. James Porter and others to gather our data. Biotic factors that we will be looking at include: percent of coral coverage, species abundance (two species which Dr. Porter refers to as "indicator species,") and species diversity. Abiotic factors include: salinity, pH, temperature, and turbidity. The team recently gained access to the EPA Storet database so perhaps our study will also include heavy metals and other factors. We will be examining the thermocline which causes warmer, hypersaline waters to sink, and attempting to determine it's cause. If possible, we will also try to create a simulation in which we can adjust the abiotic factors and "see" it's effect upon the coral health. Our homepage just opened the other day. Although not quite complete, it does provide a very good outline of what we're going. You can find that homepage at http://coral.sidwell.edu. (Netscape 1.1N+ / 8bit graphics are better for viewing) Because sidwell.edu's net connection is so slow, the homepage will soon be mirrored on townhall.org, which has a T3 connection to the net, I believe. If anyone has any data or knows anything about visualization of the coral reefs, that may be relevant to our study, please feel free to email here at adam@earthvision.svsu.edu. Thank you, Adam Frampton Sidwell Friends EarthVision Team PS- Here are the coordinates of the reefs we are looking at. Ball Buoy Reef 25 deg. 19.067 minutes N 80 deg. 11.128 minutes W Triumph Reef 25 deg. 28.60 minutes N 80 deg. 06.70 minutes W Carys Fort 25 deg. 13.30 minutes N 80 deg. 12.70 minutes W Looe Reef 24 deg. 32.5 minutes N 80 deg. 24.00 minutes W From hendee@wave Fri Sep 26 13:49:07 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA29300; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 13:40:34 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA29576; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 17:34:04 GMT Received: from venus.open.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA29571; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 13:33:50 -0400 Message-Id: <199509261733.NAA29571@reef.aoml.erl.gov> Received: from macmailgate.open.ac.uk by venus.open.ac.uk with SMTP Local (PP) id <09979-0@venus.open.ac.uk>; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 18:33:22 +0100 Date: 26 Sep 1995 18:32:11 +0000 From: "M.A.Johnston (Mabs Johnston)" Subject: Indian Ocean trip To: Coral -list Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Re:Trip to pristine Indian Ocean atolls,Feb 1996.. I would also appreciate receiving documentation on the research objectives, project logistics, bench fees etc. Many thanks, Mabs Johnston M.A.Johnston@open.ac.uk From hendee@wave Fri Sep 26 19:35:44 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA16855; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 19:34:19 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA01273; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 23:31:02 GMT Received: from mail02.mail.aol.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA01268; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 19:30:58 -0400 Received: by mail02.mail.aol.com (8.6.12/8.6.12) id TAA24373 for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Tue, 26 Sep 1995 19:30:57 -0400 Date: Tue, 26 Sep 1995 19:30:57 -0400 From: FKMRC@aol.com Message-ID: <950926193055_68801676@mail02.mail.aol.com> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: ICRS Coral Culture Symposium Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Potential participants: A few slots are left for presentations in the "Coral Culture for Science and Reef Management" symposium to be held during the 8th ICRS in Panama. Papers are sought which describe the methods and results of coral culture for research models and applications such as reef restoration.Talks will be 20 minutes including the question period. Abstracts should conform to the ICRS format and are due no later than 15 October. Manuscripts will be accepted for peer review at the symposium and must also conform to the ICRS instructions. The symposium is being co-organized by myself and Prof. Jean Jaubert. Please send inquiries or abstracts to me at one of the following addresses: Erich Mueller, Director Mote Marine Laboratory Florida Keys Marine Research Center P.O. Box 500895 Marathon, FL 33050 phone: (305) 289-4282 FAX: (305) 289-9664 email: FKMRC@aol.com From hendee@wave Sat Sep 27 05:45:25 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id FAA00565; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 05:43:09 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id JAA01770; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 09:34:01 GMT Received: from rg.net by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id FAA01765; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 05:33:57 -0400 Received: from ucb.edu.bz by rg.net with bsmtp (Smail3.1.28.1 #2) id m0sxsok-00067IC; Wed, 27 Sep 95 02:30 PDT Received: by ucb.edu.bz (Linux Smail3.1.28.1 #8) id m0sxlWa-0003G9C; Tue, 26 Sep 95 19:43 CST Message-Id: Date: Tue, 26 Sep 95 19:43 CST Received: from eworks by eworks with UUPC; Tue, 31 May 04 04:04:36 -0600 (CST) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: Earth.Works@ucb.edu.bz (Melanie McField) Subject: Coral bleaching in Belize Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Report on Coral Bleaching: Belize Barrier Reef On 9/23/95 coral bleaching was observed in shallow (0.5 - 1.5 meter) back reef areas off Sergent's Caye, Central Belize Barrier Reef. In this area, Millepora complanata was the most frequently observed coral bleached, partial bleaching was prevalent in Montastrea annularis. The following species were observed bleaching. Millepora complanata ( ~30% of live coral bleached ) Millepora alcicornis Agaricia agricia, f. tenuifolia Porites porites, f. divaricata Montastraea annularis (partial bleaching - creamy yellow) Acropora palmatta ( probably white line disease) Palythoa caribaeorum ?? This was observed in approximately 20 mins. Of swimming. Further reports have been recieved from dive guides and marine park personell along back reefs off northern Ambergris Caye ( as far north as Xcalac, Mexico) and in central Ambergris Caye, near San Pedro in back reefs, channels and fore reef( 50 - 70 feet) . Water temperatures have reportedly been elevated for some time (with temps of 32 - 34 C in shallow back reef areas)- Sapodilla Cayes, Southern Barrier Reef: bleaching of Montastraea, Diploria, Acropora, Millepora, Agaricia, also noted at Roatan, Honduras, (esp. Montastraea annularis) on 9/25 Field trips are now being organized. Details to follow. Melanie Earth.Works@ucb.edu.bz From hendee@wave Sat Sep 27 13:00:32 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA23322; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 12:57:05 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA02583; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 16:49:15 GMT Received: from emout06.mail.aol.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA02578; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 12:49:11 -0400 Received: by emout06.mail.aol.com (8.6.12/8.6.12) id MAA19135 for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Wed, 27 Sep 1995 12:49:08 -0400 Date: Wed, 27 Sep 1995 12:49:08 -0400 From: CBAggie@aol.com Message-ID: <950927124905_110601898@emout06.mail.aol.com> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Mailing list Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Greetings; I am writting to submit my name for inclusion to the coral reef mailing list. I am currently a graduate research assistant with the Center for Coastal Studies @ Texas A&M University. My current avenue of research is in artificial reefs but, I have conducted research on community structure of hermatypic reef corals and density banding in hermatypic corals. I am currently searching for information on density banding and possible evidence of freshwater exposure and specifically test procedures for determining presence of humic acids in density bands. Is there a procedure for requesting this information in your newsletter? If so, please explain. Thank you for your consideration in this matter. Carl Beaver E-mail CBAggie@aol.com Center For Coastal Studies Texas A&M Univ. Corpus Christi 6300 Ocean Drive Corpus Christi, Texas 78412 . From hendee@wave Mon Sep 29 04:02:34 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id DAA29928; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 03:59:45 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id HAA06480; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 07:48:08 GMT Received: from spider.usp.br by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id DAA06475; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 03:47:49 -0400 Received: (mabel@localhost) by spider.usp.br (8.6.10/SPIDER-CCE2.0) id EAA23681 Date: Fri, 29 Sep 1995 04:46:11 -0500 From: Mabel Augustowski Message-Id: <199509290946.EAA23681@spider.usp.br> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: marine parks Cc: ecolog-l@umdd.umd.edu Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hi, Does anyone knows about papers, newsgroups, lists, WWW sites, etc. which deal with marine park management and/or benthos works, environ- mental education on marine ecology in parks, artificial reefs ? Thanks, Mabel Augustowski mabel@usp.br From hendee@wave Mon Sep 29 08:50:16 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA02353; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 08:40:57 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA06678; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 12:34:02 GMT Received: from charleston.nadn.navy.mil by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA06673; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 08:33:58 -0400 Received: (from strong@localhost) by charleston.nadn.navy.mil (8.6.12/8.6.12) id IAA25341; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 08:34:11 -0400 Date: Fri, 29 Sep 1995 08:34:10 -0400 (EDT) From: Prof Alan E Strong To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Caribbean bleaching In-Reply-To: <199509290946.EAA23681@spider.usp.br> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Reefer Colleagues, I have just learned from Dr. Ray Hayes that bleaching from high SST has moved into the western Caribbean [Cayman Islands]...we see a great deal of +30C surface water from the Gulf south to Columbia...hurricanes appears to have kept eastern Caribbean mixed and cooler. Has anyone noted an increased incidence of bleaching other than what has been reported at Belize [and earlier this month in the Flower Gardens]? Thanks, Al Strong ***************************************************************************** Alan E. Strong Adj. Asst. Professor Project Manager - CPORS Oceanography Department NOAA/USNA Cooperative Project United States Naval Academy in Oceanic Remote Sensing Annapolis, MD 21402-5026 al@topgun.nadn.navy.mil strong@nadn.navy.mil Lab: Rickover Hall Rm-1 PH: 410-293-6566 410-293-5468 FAX: 410-293-2137 NOAA/NESDIS/ORA: 301-763-8102 ***************************************************************************** From hendee@wave Mon Sep 29 15:37:10 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA21499; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 15:34:27 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA07745; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 19:23:09 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA07740; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 15:23:06 -0400 Received: from monty.rsmas.miami.edu (monty.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.34]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id PAA28378 for ; Fri, 29 Sep 1995 15:23:05 -0400 Date: Fri, 29 Sep 1995 15:23:05 -0400 Message-Id: <199509291923.PAA28378@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: weil@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: eweil@rsmas.miami.edu (Ernesto Weil) Subject: coral bleaching in the Southern Caribbean Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I have just found that an intense bleaching event was occurring in some Venezuelan reefs (Morrocoy National Park) on the western coast of the country. This observation was made on Sep. 16 while colleagues went out to watch coral spawing in the park reefs. Water temperatures of up to 32 Celsius were registered down to 8 m deep. Water temperatures were 28 Celcius at 12 m deep. Dr. Ernesto Weil. From hendee@wave Thu Oct 2 11:48:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA11719; Mon, 2 Oct 1995 11:46:48 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA00334; Mon, 2 Oct 1995 15:31:28 GMT Received: from COASTS.NOS.NOAA.GOV by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA11755; Mon, 2 Oct 1995 11:12:43 -0400 Received: by COASTS.NOS.NOAA.GOV with VINES-ISMTP; Mon, 2 Oct 95 11:12:12 EDT Date: Mon, 2 Oct 95 11:12:06 EDT Message-ID: X-Priority: 3 (Normal) To: From: "Michael Crosby" Subject: coral bleaching X-Incognito-SN: 464 X-Incognito-Format: VERSION=2.02 Beta-1 ENCRYPTED=NO Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Does anyone out there have a complete list of the sites that have been reporting recent bleaching events on this list server? If so would you please send the list to me? I may have an opportunity to do a little remote sensing experiment and I am looking for a site of opportunity (preferably within the U.S., but not a must). Thanks, Michael --------------------------------------------------- Dr. Michael P. Crosby National Research Coordinator Ocean and Coastal Resource Management NOAA, SSMC-4, Rm 11437 1305 East West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 phone: 301-713-3155, ext. 114 fax: 301-713-4012 Internet: mcrosby@coasts.nos.noaa.gov From hendee@wave Sat Oct 4 16:16:53 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA21800; Wed, 4 Oct 1995 16:12:12 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA05643; Wed, 4 Oct 1995 19:44:43 GMT Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA05638; Wed, 4 Oct 1995 15:44:39 -0400 Received: (from jogden@localhost) by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.6.11/8.6.11) id PAA16708; Wed, 4 Oct 1995 15:50:14 - 0400 Date: Wed, 4 Oct 1995 15:50:14 -0400 (EDT) From: John Ogden To: Michael Crosby cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: coral bleaching In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The CARICOMP Steering Committee will be meeting in St. Petersburg Friday and Saturday. We will review reports from the 25 laboratories, parks, and reserves in the network and assess the reports of bleaching. The network would also be glad to work with you and NOAA on remote sensing. You will recall that we have written several proposals on this topic. Cheers. John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 On Mon, 2 Oct 1995, Michael Crosby wrote: > Does anyone out there have a complete list of the sites that have been > reporting recent bleaching events on this list server? If so would you > please send the list to me? I may have an opportunity to do a little > remote sensing experiment and I am looking for a site of opportunity > (preferably within the U.S., but not a must). > Thanks, > Michael > > --------------------------------------------------- > Dr. Michael P. Crosby > National Research Coordinator > Ocean and Coastal Resource Management > NOAA, SSMC-4, Rm 11437 > 1305 East West Highway > Silver Spring, MD 20910 > phone: 301-713-3155, ext. 114 > fax: 301-713-4012 > Internet: mcrosby@coasts.nos.noaa.gov > From hendee@wave Mon Oct 6 11:26:03 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA07897; Fri, 6 Oct 1995 11:22:11 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA00854; Fri, 6 Oct 1995 15:05:13 GMT Received: from lendal.york.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA00849; Fri, 6 Oct 1995 11:05:10 -0400 Received: from mailer.york.ac.uk by lendal.york.ac.uk with SMTP (PP); Fri, 6 Oct 1995 16:03:41 +0100 Received: from eeempc17 by mailer.york.ac.uk via SMTP (950511.SGI.8.6.12.PATCH526/940406.SGI) for id QAA22458; Fri, 6 Oct 1995 16:05:03 +0100 Date: Fri, 6 Oct 1995 16:05:41 BST From: Callum Roberts Subject: Change of address To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-ID: Priority: Normal MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Fellow Reef Lovers and would-be members of the International Society for Reef Studies (or even would-be contributors to Reef Encounter; surely they must exist!), I have just moved from the University of the Virgin Islands to Britain (two weeks too late to avoid the ravages of Hurricane Marilyn!!). My new address and contacts here are as follows: Dept. of Environmental Economics and Environmental Management, University of York, York, YO1 5DD, UK. email: cr10@york.ac.uk Telephone: +44 1904 434066 Fax: +44 1904 432998 If you have a desire to bring fascinating reef-related information to others through the traditional medium of dead trees rather than the high tech glitz of coral-list, then don't hesitate to get in touch with me or Sue Wells. Best wishes, Callum Roberts Corresponding Secretary of ISRS Co-editor of Reef Encounter From hendee@wave Tue Oct 7 23:52:25 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id XAA11989; Sat, 7 Oct 1995 23:42:02 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id DAA02566; Sun, 8 Oct 1995 03:37:17 GMT Received: from desiree.teleport.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id XAA02561; Sat, 7 Oct 1995 23:37:14 -0400 Received: from [204.119.62.173] (ip-pdx07-45.teleport.com [204.119.62.173]) by desiree.teleport.com (8.6.12/8.6.9) with SMTP id UAA05673 for ; Sat, 7 Oct 1995 20:37:05 -0700 Date: Sat, 7 Oct 95 21:00:19 PST From: "Ralph D. Arnold" Message-Id: <85508.rarnold@teleport.com> X-Minuet-Version: Minuet1.0_Beta_17A Reply-To: X-POPMail-Charset: English To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Palythoa toxica? Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I am seeking sources/suppliers of coral Palythoa toxica. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks! Ralph (rarnold@teleport.com) From hendee@wave Fri Oct 10 11:16:13 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA23709; Tue, 10 Oct 1995 11:10:25 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA02135; Tue, 10 Oct 1995 13:38:00 GMT Received: from servax.fiu.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA02130; Tue, 10 Oct 1995 09:37:30 -0400 Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 9:36:48 -0400 (EDT) From: CLAIR DONNELLY To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov CC: CDONNE01@servms.fiu.edu Message-Id: <951010093648.2040bcad@servms.fiu.edu> Subject: tetracycline Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Does anybody have any information on the use of tetracycline (not radiolabelled) as a stain to monitor calcification? I was hoping to examine uptake using fluorescence microscopy although some of the literature seems to imply that it has already been tried without success. Many thanks, Clair Donnelly. From hendee@wave Wed Oct 15 11:28:56 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA18798; Sun, 15 Oct 1995 11:27:03 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA01789; Sun, 15 Oct 1995 14:53:18 GMT Received: from hk.super.net by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA01784; Sun, 15 Oct 1995 10:52:53 -0400 Received: from is1.hk.super.net (root@is1.hk.super.net [202.14.67.232]) by hk.super.net (8.7.1/8.7.1) with ESMTP id WAA15157 for ; Sun, 15 Oct 1995 22:52:21 +0800 (HKT) Received: from 202.64.12.46 (slip317.hk.super.net [202.64.12.46]) by is1.hk.super.net (8.7.1/8.7) with SMTP id WAA12164 for ; Sun, 15 Oct 1995 22:52:14 +0800 (HKT) Date: Sun, 15 Oct 1995 22:52:14 +0800 (HKT) Message-Id: <199510151452.WAA12164@is1.hk.super.net> From: gregorh@hk.super.net Subject: EIA and Reefs Workshop 8th ICRS To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Mailer: AIR Mail 3.X (SPRY, Inc.) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: WORKSHOP ANNOUNCEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS INVOLVING CORAL REEFS 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama City, Panama 24-29 June 1996 If you are an environmental consultant, environmental scientist or engineer, natural resource manager, or other professional with an interest in EIAs involving coral reefs, we invite you to join us for a special one-day workshop to be held at the 8th Intl. Coral Reef Symposium. The objective of the workshop will be to review the current "state-of-the-art" and to develop a set of guidelines for carrying out practical, cost-effective EIAs which provide the information necessary for managers to make decisions regarding development projects that could affect coral reefs. The EIA process is now a standard practice throughout the world. Coastal and marine developments in the tropics such as beach resorts, factories, piers, oil rigs, airports, reclamation and dredging are often planned in areas adjacent to coral reefs. What special considerations are needed when planning an EIA involving coral reefs? The EIA Workshop will focus on the following questions: What type of baseline monitoring is required on coral reefs and how much is sufficient? Are there good indicator species for pollution, sedimentation, or thermal impacts? What precautions can be taken to lower the risk of damage if the planned development proceeds? If damage occurs, what is the likelihood of natural recovery? Is rehabilitation a realistic possibility? How do you get engineers to listen to scientists and vice versa? The Workshop Organisers Gregor Hodgson, Environmental Sciences Manager of Binnie Consultants Ltd., Hong Kong and James Maragos, Research Associate at the East West Center, have carried out EIAs involving coral reefs throughout the world. There will be no formal presentations at the workshop, however, a goal of the Workshop will be to publish the resulting Guidelines. For further information on registration for the Symposium and Coral Reef EIA Workshop, please contact: Gregor Hodgson, Binnie Consultants Ltd., 11/F New Town Tower, Pak Hok Ting Street, Shatin, Hong Kong FAX: 852-2601-3331 e-mail: GREGORH@HK.SUPER.NET From hendee@wave Sun Oct 12 15:48:26 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA24133; Thu, 12 Oct 1995 15:40:44 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA03912; Thu, 12 Oct 1995 19:29:47 GMT Received: from harpo.grdl.noaa.gov by reef via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA03906; Thu, 12 Oct 1995 15:29:42 -0400 Received: from ocean.nos.noaa.gov by harpo.grdl.noaa.gov with SMTP (16.6/15.6) id AA25187; Thu, 12 Oct 95 15:29:39 -0400 Message-Id: Date: 12 Oct 1995 15:31:09 -0500 From: "Gittings, S." Subject: October coral spawning To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-MS 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A This is a notice to alert all scuba divers to be on the look-out for possible coral spawning on the eighth night after the full moon of October (Oct 15th or 16th). Although the majority of all coral spawning has proably already occured in the Gulf and northern caribbean in August and September, there appears to be a trend of delayed spawning the further south the coral reefs are located. As an example, Roatan had no coral spawning activity during August but did in September. Also, Bonaire, off the coast of South America has previously reported some spawning after the October full moon. Again, watch for coral spawning, especially on reefs located in the southern Caribbean on the nights of October 15 and 16 between 2 and 3 hours after sunset. From hendee@wave Fri Oct 17 12:21:58 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA10179; Tue, 17 Oct 1995 12:18:02 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA02438; Tue, 17 Oct 1995 16:11:40 GMT Received: from sme.univ-mrs.fr by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA02433; Tue, 17 Oct 1995 12:11:23 -0400 Received: from [139.124.16.29] (smepc19.univ-mrs.fr) by sme.univ-mrs.fr with SMTP (1.37.109.11/16.2) id AA299566266; Tue, 17 Oct 1995 17:11:06 +0100 X-Sender: priess@sme.univ-mrs.fr (Unverified) Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Mailer: Eudora F1.5.1 Date: Tue, 17 Oct 1995 18:13:37 +0300 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: priess@com.univ-mrs.fr (Kathrin PRIESS) Subject: coral-spawning in Mayotte Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Just for information to people interested in coral spawning elsewhere than in the Caribbean. I have heard from B. Thomassin of the Centre d'Oceanologie de Marseille, France that a massive coral spawning was observed in the lagoon of Mayotte Island (Comoro Archipelago, Mozambique Channel) during the nigth from 16 to 17 October. This observation was made by Jean-Michel Maggiorani, chief of the fishery service of Mayotte (Service des Peches de Mayotte), and Bernard Gerard. The wind of 10 knots came from N/NW . Seasurface temperature(0-3m) was of 28 C . The moon was in the last quarter. It rose at 1 a.m. and set at 12:13 a.m. No other details. Kathrin Priess Kathrin Priess Centre d'Oc‰anologie de Marseille Station Marine d'Endoume Traverse de la Batterie-des-Lions F-13007 Marseille tel. (33) 91 04 16 00 fax (33) 91 04 16 35 From hendee@wave Sun Oct 19 10:29:31 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA24156; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 10:27:36 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA06268; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 14:17:52 GMT Received: from Post-Office.UH.EDU by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA06263; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 10:17:48 -0400 Received: from coralreef (Coral.Biology.UH.EDU) by Post-Office.UH.EDU (PMDF V5.0-4 #8380) id <01HWMB1A6HSG00004L@Post-Office.UH.EDU> for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 09:17:38 -0500 (CDT) Date: Thu, 19 Oct 1995 09:17:38 -0500 (CDT) Date-warning: Date header was inserted by Post-Office.UH.EDU From: Jerry Wellington Subject: Coral bleaching in Belize X-Sender: biolcz@jetson.uh.edu To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <01HWMB1A9I3O00004L@Post-Office.UH.EDU> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 1.5.2 Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Extensive coral bleaching was observed at Southwater Key and Glover's Reef (Long Key - outer reef and lagoon) on Oct. 15-17. Transect surveys revealed that 60% to 90% of the Montastraea colonies were partially of entirely bleached. Bleaching was more severe in shallow water (> 10 m), particularly on the forereef at Southwater Key. At depth, colonies of Agaricia lamarcki were extensively bleached. Also, Agaricia agaricites, A. tenuifolia, Madracis spp. and Porites porites revealed extensive bleaching on patch reefs in the lagoon. Corals with limited or no observed bleaching included Millepora spp., Porites astreoides, Montastraea cavernosa, Dendrogyra cylindrus, Acropora palmata, A. cervicornis, Diploria spp., and Dichocoenia stokesii. This appears to be the first time that coral bleaching has occurred in Belize. ***************************** * Jerry Wellington Department of Biology University of Houston Houston, TX 77204-5513 Voice: (713) 743-2649 FAX: (713) 743-2636 e-mail: wellington@uh.edu ****************************** From hendee@wave Sun Oct 19 15:11:18 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA02864; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 15:06:15 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA07087; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 18:55:23 GMT Received: from uog9.uog.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA07082; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 14:55:18 -0400 Received: by uog9.uog.edu (5.65/DEC-Ultrix/4.3) id AA17637; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 05:03:48 GMT Date: Fri, 20 Oct 1995 05:03:48 +0000 (WET) From: Charles Evans Birkeland To: Jerry Wellington Cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: Coral bleaching in Belize In-Reply-To: <01HWMB1A9I3O00004L@Post-Office.UH.EDU> Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Jerry: You mentioned that the coral bleaching you observed was the first seen or first reported from Belize. On the other side of the world, Bob Richmond and I were surveying corals at 19 sites in Palau. We found some bleaching at nearly all 19 sites. A large number of species were involved. The percentage was not great, nothing to get alarmed about, perhaps on the order of 5%. Nevertheless, I have been going to Palau since 1976 and I never saw such frequent or ubiquitous bleaching. The low percent of the coral bleaching in Palau is not exciting, and bleaching has probaby always been happening, but it is curious that Belize and Palau are on opposite sides of the world and both seem to be showing more than usual. Sincerely, Chuck From hendee@wave Sun Oct 19 21:20:54 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA11416; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 21:14:58 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id BAA08403; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 01:10:08 GMT Received: from mar.icmyl.unam.mx by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id VAA08398; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 21:10:05 -0400 Received: by mar.icmyl.unam.mx (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA23068; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 19:08:40 +0600 Date: Thu, 19 Oct 1995 19:08:39 -0600 (CST) From: "Ruiz renteria Fco. Gerardo" X-Sender: renteria@mar To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: coral bleaching (fwd) Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII content-length: 1403 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message was sent to the CARICOMP data management center just before ROXANE paid us a visit. It is now being forwarded to coral-list since it is of regional interest. The estimations we talk about are really rough estimates. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Mon, 9 Oct 1995 13:46:33 -0600 (CST) From: Ruiz renteria Fco. Gerardo To: Linton Dulcie Subject: coral bleaching Observations of coral bleaching were made last october 6th on Puerto Morelos, Mexico Reef. Semiquantitative Estimations of damaged species and percentage number of colonies affecte are as follows: percentage Species no. colonies 1 to 20 Diploria strigosa, Porites astreoides, Acropora palmata, Acropora cervicornis 41 to 60 Porites porites, Isophyllastrea rigida, Isophyllia sinuosa, Millepora alcicornis 61 to 80 Palythoa (zoanthid) 81 to 100 Montastrea annularis, Millepora complanata Other less abundant species, within this range were: Meandrina meandrites, Acropora prolifera some species of gorgonians showed signs of bleaching. Obsevations were made by Rosa Rodriguez and Francisco Ruiz. We will put this announcemente on the reef list and other communication media since it is of general importance for the region From hendee@wave Sun Oct 19 22:21:08 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id WAA12649; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 22:16:40 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id CAA08451; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 02:13:24 GMT Received: from relay1.Hawaii.Edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id WAA08446; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 22:13:19 -0400 Received: from uhunix3.its.Hawaii.Edu ([128.171.44.52]) by relay1.Hawaii.Edu with SMTP id <11684(1)>; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 16:12:54 -1000 Received: by uhunix3.its.Hawaii.Edu id <464502>; Thu, 19 Oct 1995 14:48:09 -1000 Date: Thu, 19 Oct 1995 14:48:06 -1000 From: Cindy Hunter To: Charles Evans Birkeland cc: Jerry Wellington , coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: Coral bleaching In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Jerry, Chuck, et al.: I have been monitoring a small coral community [maybe 3000 sq m; <3m depth] off Kailua, Oahu more or less weekly for the past four years. I have begun to be able to predict that SOME colonies of Porites evermanni [deeply pigmented massive colonies] and encrusting Montipora patula and M. verrucosa will bleach in patches EVERY April/May and September/October. Patches vary in size from a few sq cm to half a sq m; some are quite pale while others are just mottled. Very few colonies [and only Montipora] are entirely bleached. Patches last for 2-3 weeks before recovering to full pigmentation. A couple of things strike me about these patterns, as well as the ones that you've reported from Belize and Palau. First, late spring and early fall are probably NOT times of the year, either now or historically, when field work is maximal for most of us. Whether too early or too late for our field seasons, or precluded by finals, new semesters, whatever--it might be interesting to gather a consensus of WHEN we're are actually out there LOOKING. Have you or anyone else been in Belize or Palau in October previously, with an eye out for bleaching? Second, is it possible that we're getting ever more "tuned in" to bleaching, and therefore are increasingly better able to observe even subtle or low level events? I'd be very interested in your views-- Aloha, Cindy From hendee@wave Mon Oct 20 09:51:16 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA21549; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 09:46:52 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA09163; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 13:42:30 GMT Received: from emout06.mail.aol.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA09158; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 09:42:27 -0400 Received: by emout06.mail.aol.com (8.6.12/8.6.12) id JAA05634; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 09:42:20 -0400 Date: Fri, 20 Oct 1995 09:42:20 -0400 From: CBAggie@aol.com Message-ID: <951020094219_128568982@emout06.mail.aol.com> To: Cindyh@hawaii.edu cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Past Bleaching Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Cindy et al.; I"d like to response to your comment about bleaching observations during October. During the month of October 1992 I watched a bleaching event occur on the reefs off the Mexican Yucatan at Placer just north of Belize. These reefs were observed to be free from bleaching during May and June of that same year. Locals suggested the event may have started in late August in the region. My field notes indicate that Montastrea annularis and Siderastrea sp. were the most often bleached species with the Siderastrea sp. commonly displaying a blotchy patterns. I have a rather extensive collection of photographs of the area and plan to review them to identify other species that were bleaching at that time. Carl Beaver Center for Coastal Studies Texas A&M University College Station Texas CBaggie@aol.com From hendee@manoa Mon Oct 20 14:47:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA01050; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 14:44:45 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA10367; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 18:34:43 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA10362; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 14:34:41 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id OAA03485; Fri, 20 Oct 1995 14:34:40 -0400 Date: Fri, 20 Oct 1995 14:34:40 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Florida Keys reef destruction. Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: John Ogden of the Florida Institute of Oceanography has asked that we forward this to the coral-list. ============================= FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE October 17, 1995 SCIENTISTS DISCOVER DAMAGE ON DEEP CORAL REEFS OF THE FLORIDA KEYS A team of U.S. and Australian scientists have discovered extensive sediment damage on the deep coral reefs off Long Key in the middle Florida Keys. The Keyswide Coral Reef Expeditionary Team discovered large brain and star corals at depths below 50 feet that had been growing luxuriantly in the area of Tennessee Reef for at least 100 years. Many of these corals were partially or completely dead, recently smothered by fine sediments falling on the reef from the shallows. While the source of the sediments has not been identified, it is suspected that the large plumes of cloudy water from Florida Bay have increased sediment loads to lethal levels. By contrast, the deep reefs of Alligator Reef, just a few miles to the north and more isolated from Florida Bay water, still had spectacular coral growth. Local residents and scientists have long known that Florida Bay waters move to the southeast through the major passes between the Keys and over the reefs of the middle Keys. Yet large corals have obviously thrived there in times past. What recent changes in Florida Bay are now killing our reefs? Beginning in 1987, when large areas of seagrass died in Florida Bay, scientists suspected that decades of water management changed conditions in the Bay. Those changes have accelerated, and today water inimical to coral growth regularly washes over offshore areas of the Middle Keys. As part of the regional plan to restore the Everglades, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is planning a major effort to improve the quantity and quality of water delivery to the ecosystems of the Everglades and in Florida Bay. Documenting recent changes along the Florida Reef Tract and developing management priorities are major goals of the Management Plan of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The Plan is currently under public review. The Keyswide Coral Reef Expedition, which is part of the ecological assessment program, is supported by the Sanctuary, the Munson Foundation, the NOAA National Undersea Research Program at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington, the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, and the Florida Institute of Oceanography. Dr. Richard Aronson, of Alabama's Dauphin Island Sea Lab is Chief Scientist of the Expeditionary Team. "Data from the Expedition will provide the first ecological picture of the entire Reef Tract, from Fowey Rocks in the north to the Dry Tortugas in the southwest. Our studies will allow us to identify the conditions that foster healthy reefs and the influences that degrade and destroy reefs," Aronson said. Other participants include scientists from institutions in Florida, North Carolina and Alabama, as well as the Reef Survey Team from the Australian Institute of Marine Science. Dr. Terry Done Australian team leader said that the Expedition "provides a unique opportunity to understand the striking parallels between the Great Barrier Reef and the Florida Reef Tract." A key issue for both countries is understanding the impact of sewage and land use practices on the long-term health of coral reefs. The participating scientists anticipate major international cooperative efforts to share data and information in order to solve these problems. From hendee@manoa Tue Oct 21 03:22:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id DAA16687; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 03:21:00 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id HAA11500; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 07:16:57 GMT Received: from speedy.coacade.uv.mx by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id DAA11495; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 03:16:49 -0400 Received: by speedy.coacade.uv.mx (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA03050; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 01:16:10 +0600 Date: Sat, 21 Oct 1995 01:16:10 +0600 From: orion@speedy.coacade.uv.mx Message-Id: <9510210716.AA03050@speedy.coacade.uv.mx > To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: e-mails Content-Length: 394 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear list member. If you know the e-mail of John Tunnell of Center for Coastal Studies Texas A&M University, and people working with coral reproduction, please send me. Juan M.Vargas Hernßndez Director del Museo de Zoologa Facultad de Biologa Universidad Veracruzana A.P. 755. C.P. 91000 Phone home: 10-25-97 Xalapa, Veracruz. Mexico. e-mail: orion@speedy.coacade.uv.mx From hendee@manoa Tue Oct 21 09:29:22 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA17632; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 09:27:02 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA11733; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 13:23:03 GMT Received: from mail-server.dk-online.dk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA11728; Sat, 21 Oct 1995 09:22:54 -0400 Message-Id: <199510211322.JAA11728@reef.aoml.erl.gov> Received: from [193.89.47.63] by mail-server.dk-online.dk (NTMail 2.11.26) id aa499581 Sat, 21 Oct 95 14:20:22 +0000 (GMT) X-Sender: Sehested@193.89.47.2 (Unverified) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Date: Sat, 21 Oct 1995 14:24:21 +0100 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: Sehested@dk-online.dk Subject: request: coral research information Cc: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear "coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov" subscriber We have noticed that you are working with coral reefs and related aspects. Allow us to introduce ourselves: We are a newly established working group within the Acropora - Danish Society for the Conservation of Coral Reefs. We are very interested in aquiring information about what kind of coral reef research a) you b) your institution are currently involved in. The information will be used in a database, intended to serve Scandinavian scientists (non-profit) who wish to establish contacts with people working within the same fields of interest. Thank you Acropora - Danish Society for the Conservation of Coral Reefs c/o Zoological Museum att: Database Universitetsparken 15 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark ____________________________________________________________________________= __ Michael Sehested : Sehested@dk-online.dk Saxogade 109 3.mf DK-1662 K=F8benhavn V Danmark tlf: (+45) 31 23 24 41 From hendee@manoa Thu Oct 23 15:12:02 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA12223; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 15:07:06 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA14628; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 18:53:39 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA14623; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 14:53:36 -0400 Received: from monty.rsmas.miami.edu (monty.rsmas.miami.edu [129.171.104.34]) by umigw.miami.edu (8.6.10/8.6.9) with SMTP id OAA17322 for ; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 14:53:32 -0400 Date: Mon, 23 Oct 1995 14:53:32 -0400 Message-Id: <199510231853.OAA17322@umigw.miami.edu> X-Sender: weil@oj.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: eweil@rsmas.miami.edu (Ernesto Weil) Subject: Spanish translations abstracts VIII ICRS Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: We are offering translation (English-Spanish-English) services for the abstracts of the VIII Coral Reef Symposium in Panama. Fee is $25.00 per abstract. For information make contact through e-mail (eweil@rsmas.miami.edu), phone (305) 361-4642, or FAX (305) 3614600. EW. From hendee@wave Thu Oct 23 17:13:54 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA16785; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 17:09:21 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA14747; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 21:01:33 GMT Received: from isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA14742; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 17:01:30 -0400 Received: from marshall.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us by isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us with smtp (Linux Smail3.1.29.1 #3) id m0t7Tzg-002NYzC; Mon, 23 Oct 95 17:01 EDT Date: Mon, 23 Oct 1995 16:57:55 -0900 (PDT) From: Mike Marshall To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov, infoterra@cedar.univie.ac.at, ECOLOG-L@umdd.umd.edu Subject: Marine Biology List-New X-Sender: marshall@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I am pleased to announce the establishment of MARBIO a global e-mail discussion list on all aspects of marine biology. This notice will be cross-posted to several other lists so please excuse the overlap. If anyone wishes to send this notice to other lists or to friends please feel free. For any list related or administrative issues please contact me: marshall@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ To subscribe to the list please send a message to: majordomo@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us with the line: subscribe marbio +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Additional instructions will be sent automatically upon receipt of your subscription. Please keep them as a reference for future use. My regards, Mike Marshall (list owner) marshall@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" Michael J. Marshall, Ph.D. Mote Marine Laboratory Tropical Marine Ecology Program 1600 Thompson Parkway Sarasota, Florida 34236 USA """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 941-388-4441/941-388-4312(fax) ___________________________________________________________ See the MML web page at http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us ___________________________________________________________ From hendee@wave Thu Oct 23 17:14:15 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA16783; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 17:09:19 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA14754; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 21:04:49 GMT Received: from MAINE.maine.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA14749; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 17:04:46 -0400 Message-Id: <199510232104.RAA14749@reef.aoml.erl.gov> Received: from [130.111.41.27] by MAINE.maine.edu (IBM VM SMTP V2R3) with TCP; Mon, 23 Oct 95 17:03:25 EDT Date: Mon, 23 Oct 1995 17:06:06 -0500 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: STENECK@maine.maine.edu (Bob Steneck) Subject: Spanish Translations for ICRS meeting in Panama Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Not to engage in a bidding war, but as some of you know, we are offering Spanish translations for the reef meetings for $20/abstract. Money is entirely for deserving and hungry graduate students. If you are interested please contact me via email at STENECK@MAINE.MAINE.EDU. Cheers, Bob Steneck From hendee@wave Fri Oct 24 02:25:42 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id CAA28393; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 02:23:28 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id GAA15252; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 06:18:26 GMT Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id CAA15247; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 02:18:24 -0400 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HWSPR9DI5C00I0MU@CGNET.COM>; Mon, 23 Oct 1995 23:24:12 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <308C856E@msm.cgnet.com>; Mon, 23 Oct 95 23:19:26 PDT Date: Tue, 24 Oct 1995 11:35:00 -0700 (PDT) From: John McManus To: "'coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov'" Message-id: <308C856E@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 36 TEXT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: TO : Coral-list FROM : John W. McManus/ReefBase Project Leader DATE : October 24, 1995 Just a reminder that ReefBase needs photographs of coral reefs. We need aerials, underwater scenics and pictures depicting reef uses and stresses (before and after shots are especially helpful). We can also use color-coded satellite images. Duplicates of reasonable quality will be adequate, so it is not necessary to submit originals. Slides or prints are acceptable. Please describe the date and location of each photo as completely as possible, including coordinates if available and approximate depth for underwater photos. Photographers will be clearly acknowledged for all photos selected for inclusion into ReefBase. SPECIAL OFFER: If we use 20 or more of your photos in ReefBase, you will receive a free copy of the ReefBase Version 1.0 CD-ROM when it is released in June, 1996 (limit of one per photographer). We begin beta-testing in January 1996, so please do not delay. Help us make ReefBase into a powerful tool for coral reef management. Send us copies of your best and most useful photographs. John W. McManus ReefBase Project Leader Coastal and Coral Reef Resource Systems Program International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) 205 Salcedo Street, Legaspi Village, Makati City, Metro Manila 1229 Philippines Tel. No. (63-2) 8180466 Fax No. (63-2) 8163183 E-Mail: J.McManus@cgnet.com From hendee@wave Fri Oct 24 10:38:57 1995 Received: from isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (root@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us [204.199.126.2]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with SMTP id KAA06024; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 10:38:55 -0400 Received: by isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (Linux Smail3.1.29.1 #3) id m0t7kSu-002MVPa; Tue, 24 Oct 95 10:36 EDT Sender: owner-marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Date: Tue, 24 Oct 1995 10:36:11 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov cc: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Subject: marbio: Dismantling Sand Key Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741" Content-ID: Sender: owner-marbio@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text, while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools. Send mail to mime@docserver.cac.washington.edu for more info. --1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-ID: This message from Dr. John Ogden is herewith forwarded to the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server, as well as the Marine Biology list-server. Please accept my apologies for any duplicates postings. Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 24 Oct 1995 09:48:16 -0400 (EDT) From: John Ogden To: James Hendee Subject: Dismantling Sand Key From: John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 ====================== --1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII; NAME="stations.int" Content-Transfer-Encoding: BASE64 Content-ID: Content-Description: Rk9SIElNTUVESUFURSBSRUxFQVNFDQoNCk9jdG9iZXIgMjQsIDE5OTUNCg0K RkVEUyBUTyBESVNNQU5UTEUgV0VBVEhFUiBBTkQgT0NFQU5PR1JBUEhJQyAN Ck1PTklUT1JJTkcgU1RBVElPTiBBVCBLRVkgV0VTVA0KDQpUaGUgTk9BQSBO YXRpb25hbCBEYXRhIEJ1b3kgQ2VudGVyIChOREJDKSwgYSBicmFuY2ggb2Yg dGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsDQpXZWF0aGVyIFNlcnZpY2UsIHdpbGwgZGlzbWFudGxl IHRoZSB3ZWF0aGVyIGFuZCBvY2Vhbm9ncmFwaGljDQptb25pdG9yaW5nIHN0 YXRpb24gYXQgU2FuZCBLZXkgc291dGggb2YgS2V5IFdlc3QgYmVmb3JlIHRo ZSBlbmQgb2YNCk5vdmVtYmVyLiAgVGhpcyBhY3Rpb24gaXMgdGhlIGZpcnN0 IGluIGEgc2VyaWVzIG9mIGNvc3QtY3V0dGluZw0KbWVhc3VyZXMgdGhhdCB3 aWxsIGNvbXByb21pc2UgdGhlIGNhcGFiaWxpdGllcyBvZiB0aGUgcmVtYWlu aW5nIDUNCnNpbWlsYXIgc3RhdGlvbnMgcHVyY2hhc2VkIGJ5IHRoZSBGbG9y aWRhIEluc3RpdHV0ZSBvZiBPY2Vhbm9ncmFwaHkNCihGSU8pIGFuZCBpbnN0 YWxsZWQgdW5kZXIgYSBjb29wZXJhdGl2ZSBhZ3JlZW1lbnQgd2l0aCBOREJD IHRvDQptb25pdG9yIEZsb3JpZGEncyByZWVmcy4gIFRoZSBvdGhlciBzdGF0 aW9ucyBhcmUgbG9jYXRlZCBhdCBGb3dleQ0KUm9ja3MsIE1vbGFzc2VzIFJl ZWYsIFNvbWJyZXJvIFJlZWYsIHRoZSBEcnkgVG9ydHVnYXMgYW5kIEZsb3Jp ZGENCkJheS4gIFRoZSBzdGF0aW9ucyBjb3N0IGFwcHJveGltYXRlbHkgJDg1 LDAwMCBlYWNoIGFuZCBhcmUNCm1haW50YWluZWQgYW5kIG9wZXJhdGVkIGJ5 IHR3byB0ZWNobmljaWFucyBsb2NhdGVkIGF0IHRoZSBLZXlzDQpNYXJpbmUg TGFib3JhdG9yeSBpbiBMb25nIEtleSB3aXRoIGEgdG90YWwgYW5udWFsIGJ1 ZGdldCBvZg0KJDMwMCwwMDAuICANCg0KVGhlIEZJTywgYSBjb25zb3J0aXVt IG9mIHRoZSBTdGF0ZSBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IFN5c3RlbSwgaW5zdGFsbGVkIHRo ZQ0Kc3RhdGlvbnMgYXMgcGFydCBvZiBpdHMgTWFjYXJ0aHVyIEZvdW5kYXRp b24tZnVuZGVkIFNFQUtFWVMNCm1vbml0b3JpbmcgcHJvZ3JhbSBpbiAxOTg5 LiAgVGhlIFNFQUtFWVMgUHJvZ3JhbSBzY2llbnRpc3RzIGF0DQpjb29wZXJh dGluZyB1bml2ZXJzaXRpZXMgZG9jdW1lbnRlZCB0aGUgZGVjbGluZSBvZiBL ZXlzIGNvcmFsDQpyZWVmcywgdGhlIGltcGFjdCBvZiBzZXdhZ2Ugb24gbmVh cnNob3JlIHdhdGVycywgYW5kIHRoZSBjb25uZWN0aW9uDQpiZXR3ZWVuIEZs b3JpZGEgQmF5IGFuZCB0aGUgY29yYWwgcmVlZiB0cmFjdC4gIEluIGFkZGl0 aW9uIHRvDQpzdXBwb3J0aW5nIHRoaXMgZWZmb3J0LCB0aGUgc3RhdGlvbnMg cHJvdmlkZSB1c2VmdWwgaW5mb3JtYXRpb24gb24NCndlYXRoZXIgYW5kIG9j ZWFuIGNvbmRpdGlvbnMgdG8gdGhlIGdlbmVyYWwgcHVibGljLCBTYW5jdHVh cnkNCnBlcnNvbm5lbCwgdGhlIERlcGFydG1lbnQgb2YgRW52aXJvbm1lbnRh bCBQcm90ZWN0aW9uIChERVApLCB0aGUNCk1hcmluZSBQYXRyb2wsIGRpdmUg b3BlcmF0b3JzLCBmaXNoaW5nIGd1aWRlcywgYW5kIGZlZGVyYWwgYW5kDQpz dGF0ZSBhZ2VuY2llcy4gIFRoZSBzb2xhci1wb3dlcmVkIGFuZCBzYXRlbGxp dGUtbGlua2VkIHN0YXRpb25zDQpwcm92aWRlZCBhIHVuaXF1ZSByZWdpb25h bCBwcm9maWxlIG9mIEh1cnJpY2FuZSBBbmRyZXcgaW4gMTk5MiBhbmQNCnRo ZSBHcmVhdCBXaW50ZXIgU3Rvcm0gb2YgMTk5MyBhbmQgZG9jdW1lbnRlZCBh bm51YWwgd2ludGVyIGNvbGQNCmZyb250cyBhbmQgc3VtbWVyIGNhbG1zIGxl YWRpbmcgdG8gaGlnaCB3YXRlciB0ZW1wZXJhdHVyZXMgd2hpY2gNCmFyZSBp bXBsaWNhdGVkIGluIGNvcmFsIGJsZWFjaGluZy4gIFRoZXkgYWxzbyByZWNv cmRlZCBkcmFtYXRpY2FsbHkNCmxvd2VyZWQgc2FsaW5pdHkgaW4gdGhlIEtl eXMgZnJvbSB0aGUgMTk5MyBzdW1tZXIgZmxvb2RzIGFsb25nIHRoZQ0KTWlz c2lzc2lwcGkgUml2ZXIuICANCg0KUmVjb2duaXppbmcgdGhlIG5lZWQgZm9y IHRoZSBpbmZvcm1hdGlvbiwgdGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsIFdlYXRoZXINClNlcnZp Y2UgaGFzIGNvbnRyaWJ1dGVkIHRvIHRoZSBjb250aW51YXRpb24gb2YgdGhl IG1ldGVvcm9sb2dpY2FsDQpjb21wb25lbnQgb2YgdGhlIHN0YXRpb25zIGF0 IEZvd2V5LCBNb2xhc3NlcywgU29tYnJlcm8gYW5kIHRoZSBEcnkNClRvcnR1 Z2FzLiAgTk9BQSB0aHJvdWdoIHRoZSBTYW5jdHVhcnkgYW5kIHRoZSBERVAg aGF2ZSBwcm92aWRlZA0KaW50ZXJpbSBmdW5kaW5nIHVudGlsIE1hcmNoIDE5 OTYgZm9yIHRoZSBvY2Vhbm9ncmFwaGljIHNlbnNvcnMgYXQNCnRoZXNlIHNh bWUgc3RhdGlvbnMuICBIb3dldmVyLCB0aGVyZSBhcmUgbm8gZnVydGhlciBm dW5kcyBhdmFpbGFibGUNCmZvciBTYW5kIEtleSBhbmQgdGhlIGZhdGUgb2Yg dGhlIHJlbWFpbmluZyBGbG9yaWRhIEJheSBzdGF0aW9uIHdpbGwNCmJlIGRl Y2lkZWQgaW4gdGhlIGNvbWluZyBtb250aHMuICANCg0KVGhlIGxvc3Mgb2Yg dGhlIFNhbmQgS2V5IHN0YXRpb24gd2lsbCBjb21wcm9taXNlIHRoZSBLZXlz LXdpZGUNCm9jZWFub2dyYXBoaWMgb2JzZXJ2YXRpb25zIGNvb3JkaW5hdGVk IGJ5IHRoZSBGSU8gYW5kIHdpbGwgZGFtYWdlDQp0aGUgZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQg b2Ygb2NlYW5vZ3JhcGhpYyBvYnNlcnZhdGlvbmFsIGNhcGFiaWxpdGllcyBi YXNpYw0KdG8gYWRhcHRpdmUgbWFuYWdlbWVudC4gIFNob3VsZCBwZXJtYW5l bnQgZnVuZGluZyBub3QgYmVjb21lDQphdmFpbGFibGUgZm9yIHRoZSByZW1h aW5pbmcgc3RhdGlvbnMsIHRoZSBpbnZlc3RtZW50IG9mIHdlbGwgb3Zlcg0K JDEgbWlsbGlvbiB3aWxsIGJlIGxvc3QgYXQgdGhlIHZlcnkgdGltZSB3aGVu IHRoZSBkYXRhIGFyZSBtb3N0DQpuZWVkZWQgZm9yIHRoZSBjb21wbGV4IG1v bml0b3JpbmcsIG1hbmFnZW1lbnQsIGFuZCByZXNlYXJjaCBwbGFucw0Kbm93 IGJlaW5nIGltcGxlbWVudGVkIGluIEZsb3JpZGEgQmF5IGFuZCBpbiB0aGUg RmxvcmlkYSBLZXlzDQpOYXRpb25hbCBNYXJpbmUgU2FuY3R1YXJ5Lg0KDQoN CkZPUiBGVVJUSEVSIElORk9STUFUSU9OIENPTlRBQ1Q6DQoNCkpvaG4gQy4g T2dkZW4sIERpcmVjdG9yDQogICAgICAgICAgb3INCkRyLiBTYW5kcmEgVmFy Z28sIEFzc2lzdGFudCBEaXJlY3Rvcg0KRmxvcmlkYSBJbnN0aXR1dGUgb2Yg T2NlYW5vZ3JhcGh5DQo4MzAgRmlyc3QgU3RyZWV0IFNvdXRoDQpTdC4gUGV0 ZXJzYnVyZyAgRmxvcmlkYSAzMzcwMQ0KDQo4MTMtODkzLTkxMDkNCjgxMy04 OTMtOTEwOSAoZmF4KRo= --1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741-- From hendee@wave Fri Oct 24 10:49:48 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA06395; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 10:45:40 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA15645; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 14:36:18 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA15640; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 10:36:16 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id KAA00066; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 10:36:12 -0400 Date: Tue, 24 Oct 1995 10:36:11 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov cc: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Subject: Dismantling Sand Key Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741" Content-ID: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text, while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools. Send mail to mime@docserver.cac.washington.edu for more info. --1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-ID: This message from Dr. John Ogden is herewith forwarded to the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server, as well as the Marine Biology list-server. Please accept my apologies for any duplicates postings. Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 24 Oct 1995 09:48:16 -0400 (EDT) From: John Ogden To: James Hendee Subject: Dismantling Sand Key From: John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 ====================== --1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII; NAME="stations.int" Content-Transfer-Encoding: BASE64 Content-ID: Content-Description: Rk9SIElNTUVESUFURSBSRUxFQVNFDQoNCk9jdG9iZXIgMjQsIDE5OTUNCg0K RkVEUyBUTyBESVNNQU5UTEUgV0VBVEhFUiBBTkQgT0NFQU5PR1JBUEhJQyAN Ck1PTklUT1JJTkcgU1RBVElPTiBBVCBLRVkgV0VTVA0KDQpUaGUgTk9BQSBO YXRpb25hbCBEYXRhIEJ1b3kgQ2VudGVyIChOREJDKSwgYSBicmFuY2ggb2Yg dGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsDQpXZWF0aGVyIFNlcnZpY2UsIHdpbGwgZGlzbWFudGxl IHRoZSB3ZWF0aGVyIGFuZCBvY2Vhbm9ncmFwaGljDQptb25pdG9yaW5nIHN0 YXRpb24gYXQgU2FuZCBLZXkgc291dGggb2YgS2V5IFdlc3QgYmVmb3JlIHRo ZSBlbmQgb2YNCk5vdmVtYmVyLiAgVGhpcyBhY3Rpb24gaXMgdGhlIGZpcnN0 IGluIGEgc2VyaWVzIG9mIGNvc3QtY3V0dGluZw0KbWVhc3VyZXMgdGhhdCB3 aWxsIGNvbXByb21pc2UgdGhlIGNhcGFiaWxpdGllcyBvZiB0aGUgcmVtYWlu aW5nIDUNCnNpbWlsYXIgc3RhdGlvbnMgcHVyY2hhc2VkIGJ5IHRoZSBGbG9y aWRhIEluc3RpdHV0ZSBvZiBPY2Vhbm9ncmFwaHkNCihGSU8pIGFuZCBpbnN0 YWxsZWQgdW5kZXIgYSBjb29wZXJhdGl2ZSBhZ3JlZW1lbnQgd2l0aCBOREJD IHRvDQptb25pdG9yIEZsb3JpZGEncyByZWVmcy4gIFRoZSBvdGhlciBzdGF0 aW9ucyBhcmUgbG9jYXRlZCBhdCBGb3dleQ0KUm9ja3MsIE1vbGFzc2VzIFJl ZWYsIFNvbWJyZXJvIFJlZWYsIHRoZSBEcnkgVG9ydHVnYXMgYW5kIEZsb3Jp ZGENCkJheS4gIFRoZSBzdGF0aW9ucyBjb3N0IGFwcHJveGltYXRlbHkgJDg1 LDAwMCBlYWNoIGFuZCBhcmUNCm1haW50YWluZWQgYW5kIG9wZXJhdGVkIGJ5 IHR3byB0ZWNobmljaWFucyBsb2NhdGVkIGF0IHRoZSBLZXlzDQpNYXJpbmUg TGFib3JhdG9yeSBpbiBMb25nIEtleSB3aXRoIGEgdG90YWwgYW5udWFsIGJ1 ZGdldCBvZg0KJDMwMCwwMDAuICANCg0KVGhlIEZJTywgYSBjb25zb3J0aXVt IG9mIHRoZSBTdGF0ZSBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IFN5c3RlbSwgaW5zdGFsbGVkIHRo ZQ0Kc3RhdGlvbnMgYXMgcGFydCBvZiBpdHMgTWFjYXJ0aHVyIEZvdW5kYXRp b24tZnVuZGVkIFNFQUtFWVMNCm1vbml0b3JpbmcgcHJvZ3JhbSBpbiAxOTg5 LiAgVGhlIFNFQUtFWVMgUHJvZ3JhbSBzY2llbnRpc3RzIGF0DQpjb29wZXJh dGluZyB1bml2ZXJzaXRpZXMgZG9jdW1lbnRlZCB0aGUgZGVjbGluZSBvZiBL ZXlzIGNvcmFsDQpyZWVmcywgdGhlIGltcGFjdCBvZiBzZXdhZ2Ugb24gbmVh cnNob3JlIHdhdGVycywgYW5kIHRoZSBjb25uZWN0aW9uDQpiZXR3ZWVuIEZs b3JpZGEgQmF5IGFuZCB0aGUgY29yYWwgcmVlZiB0cmFjdC4gIEluIGFkZGl0 aW9uIHRvDQpzdXBwb3J0aW5nIHRoaXMgZWZmb3J0LCB0aGUgc3RhdGlvbnMg cHJvdmlkZSB1c2VmdWwgaW5mb3JtYXRpb24gb24NCndlYXRoZXIgYW5kIG9j ZWFuIGNvbmRpdGlvbnMgdG8gdGhlIGdlbmVyYWwgcHVibGljLCBTYW5jdHVh cnkNCnBlcnNvbm5lbCwgdGhlIERlcGFydG1lbnQgb2YgRW52aXJvbm1lbnRh bCBQcm90ZWN0aW9uIChERVApLCB0aGUNCk1hcmluZSBQYXRyb2wsIGRpdmUg b3BlcmF0b3JzLCBmaXNoaW5nIGd1aWRlcywgYW5kIGZlZGVyYWwgYW5kDQpz dGF0ZSBhZ2VuY2llcy4gIFRoZSBzb2xhci1wb3dlcmVkIGFuZCBzYXRlbGxp dGUtbGlua2VkIHN0YXRpb25zDQpwcm92aWRlZCBhIHVuaXF1ZSByZWdpb25h bCBwcm9maWxlIG9mIEh1cnJpY2FuZSBBbmRyZXcgaW4gMTk5MiBhbmQNCnRo ZSBHcmVhdCBXaW50ZXIgU3Rvcm0gb2YgMTk5MyBhbmQgZG9jdW1lbnRlZCBh bm51YWwgd2ludGVyIGNvbGQNCmZyb250cyBhbmQgc3VtbWVyIGNhbG1zIGxl YWRpbmcgdG8gaGlnaCB3YXRlciB0ZW1wZXJhdHVyZXMgd2hpY2gNCmFyZSBp bXBsaWNhdGVkIGluIGNvcmFsIGJsZWFjaGluZy4gIFRoZXkgYWxzbyByZWNv cmRlZCBkcmFtYXRpY2FsbHkNCmxvd2VyZWQgc2FsaW5pdHkgaW4gdGhlIEtl eXMgZnJvbSB0aGUgMTk5MyBzdW1tZXIgZmxvb2RzIGFsb25nIHRoZQ0KTWlz c2lzc2lwcGkgUml2ZXIuICANCg0KUmVjb2duaXppbmcgdGhlIG5lZWQgZm9y IHRoZSBpbmZvcm1hdGlvbiwgdGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsIFdlYXRoZXINClNlcnZp Y2UgaGFzIGNvbnRyaWJ1dGVkIHRvIHRoZSBjb250aW51YXRpb24gb2YgdGhl IG1ldGVvcm9sb2dpY2FsDQpjb21wb25lbnQgb2YgdGhlIHN0YXRpb25zIGF0 IEZvd2V5LCBNb2xhc3NlcywgU29tYnJlcm8gYW5kIHRoZSBEcnkNClRvcnR1 Z2FzLiAgTk9BQSB0aHJvdWdoIHRoZSBTYW5jdHVhcnkgYW5kIHRoZSBERVAg aGF2ZSBwcm92aWRlZA0KaW50ZXJpbSBmdW5kaW5nIHVudGlsIE1hcmNoIDE5 OTYgZm9yIHRoZSBvY2Vhbm9ncmFwaGljIHNlbnNvcnMgYXQNCnRoZXNlIHNh bWUgc3RhdGlvbnMuICBIb3dldmVyLCB0aGVyZSBhcmUgbm8gZnVydGhlciBm dW5kcyBhdmFpbGFibGUNCmZvciBTYW5kIEtleSBhbmQgdGhlIGZhdGUgb2Yg dGhlIHJlbWFpbmluZyBGbG9yaWRhIEJheSBzdGF0aW9uIHdpbGwNCmJlIGRl Y2lkZWQgaW4gdGhlIGNvbWluZyBtb250aHMuICANCg0KVGhlIGxvc3Mgb2Yg dGhlIFNhbmQgS2V5IHN0YXRpb24gd2lsbCBjb21wcm9taXNlIHRoZSBLZXlz LXdpZGUNCm9jZWFub2dyYXBoaWMgb2JzZXJ2YXRpb25zIGNvb3JkaW5hdGVk IGJ5IHRoZSBGSU8gYW5kIHdpbGwgZGFtYWdlDQp0aGUgZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQg b2Ygb2NlYW5vZ3JhcGhpYyBvYnNlcnZhdGlvbmFsIGNhcGFiaWxpdGllcyBi YXNpYw0KdG8gYWRhcHRpdmUgbWFuYWdlbWVudC4gIFNob3VsZCBwZXJtYW5l bnQgZnVuZGluZyBub3QgYmVjb21lDQphdmFpbGFibGUgZm9yIHRoZSByZW1h aW5pbmcgc3RhdGlvbnMsIHRoZSBpbnZlc3RtZW50IG9mIHdlbGwgb3Zlcg0K JDEgbWlsbGlvbiB3aWxsIGJlIGxvc3QgYXQgdGhlIHZlcnkgdGltZSB3aGVu IHRoZSBkYXRhIGFyZSBtb3N0DQpuZWVkZWQgZm9yIHRoZSBjb21wbGV4IG1v bml0b3JpbmcsIG1hbmFnZW1lbnQsIGFuZCByZXNlYXJjaCBwbGFucw0Kbm93 IGJlaW5nIGltcGxlbWVudGVkIGluIEZsb3JpZGEgQmF5IGFuZCBpbiB0aGUg RmxvcmlkYSBLZXlzDQpOYXRpb25hbCBNYXJpbmUgU2FuY3R1YXJ5Lg0KDQoN CkZPUiBGVVJUSEVSIElORk9STUFUSU9OIENPTlRBQ1Q6DQoNCkpvaG4gQy4g T2dkZW4sIERpcmVjdG9yDQogICAgICAgICAgb3INCkRyLiBTYW5kcmEgVmFy Z28sIEFzc2lzdGFudCBEaXJlY3Rvcg0KRmxvcmlkYSBJbnN0aXR1dGUgb2Yg T2NlYW5vZ3JhcGh5DQo4MzAgRmlyc3QgU3RyZWV0IFNvdXRoDQpTdC4gUGV0 ZXJzYnVyZyAgRmxvcmlkYSAzMzcwMQ0KDQo4MTMtODkzLTkxMDkNCjgxMy04 OTMtOTEwOSAoZmF4KRo= --1918942866-1426654698-814542496=:8741-- From hendee@wave Fri Oct 24 14:10:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA14369; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 14:06:30 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA15864; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 17:55:43 GMT Received: from wcmc.org.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA15859; Tue, 24 Oct 1995 13:55:38 -0400 Received: from RAPHUS.wcmc.org.uk by wcmc.org.uk (4.1/SMI-4.1(D-2.1.4b)) id AA14520; Tue, 24 Oct 95 17:54:21 BST Message-Id: <9510241654.AA14520@wcmc.org.uk> Received: by RAPHUS.wcmc.org.uk with VINES ; Tue, 24 Oct 95 17:55:28 GMT Date: Tue, 24 Oct 95 17:33:45 GMT From: Mark.Spalding@wcmc.org.uk Subject: The total area of coral reefs To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: As a result of its ongoing reef mapping work, which, as you may know, is linked to the ReefBase database, the World Conservation Monitoring Centre has the most comprehensive global digital reef map in the world and one thing we're very keen to do is re-calculate the total area of coral reefs in the world. Work is currently underway preparing preliminary figures which should be published in a paper on marine biodiversity to be given at the 2nd Conference of the Parties for the Convention on Biological Diversity. It is hoped to provide better figures for the Coral Reef Symposium in Panama. Interestingly it looks as though the figures being generated may be considerably smaller than those given by Smith (1978, total global area - 600,000 sq km). If this is indeed the case, it is not entirely surprising given the nature of the maps - Smith and others have tended to focus on areas of reefal shelf, whereas the source maps used at WCMC are largely based on reefs visible from the surface. I would be very interested to know your comments on this, and also to track down any national or even sub-national projects which have accurately calculated reef areas. Part of this problem is the old one of "what is a coral reef?" and the definition may have to vary depending on whether you are interested in reefs for fisheries, tourism, productivity, biodiversity conservation or calculation of carbon budgets. Yours Mark D. Spalding E-mail: mark.spalding@wcmc.org.uk World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Rd Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 1223 277136 United Kingdom Tel: +44 1223 277314 From hendee@manoa Sat Oct 25 09:57:45 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA04607; Wed, 25 Oct 1995 09:49:26 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA17071; Wed, 25 Oct 1995 13:41:25 GMT Received: from seas.marine.usf.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA17066; Wed, 25 Oct 1995 09:41:22 -0400 Received: (from svargo@localhost) by seas.marine.usf.edu (8.6.11/8.6.11) id JAA19150; Wed, 25 Oct 1995 09:47:38 -0400 Date: Wed, 25 Oct 1995 09:47:38 -0400 (EDT) From: Sandy Vargo To: coral list cc: jogden@marine.usf.edu Subject: Resending press release sent by J. Ogden 10/24/95 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Due to the usual e-mail glitches some of you were unable to read the press release concerning the dismantling of the Sand Key station sent by J. Ogden yesterday. I am resending it is what I hope is a more readable format. Please let me know if you still get a garbled message. FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY University of South Florida St. Petersburg FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE October 25, 1995 SEAKEYS TO LOSE WEATHER AND OCEANOGRAPHIC MONITORING STATION AT KEY WEST The NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), a branch of the National Weather Service, will dismantle the weather and oceanographic monitoring station at Sand Key south of Key West before the end of November. This action is the first in a series of cost-cutting measures that will compromise the capabilities of the remaining 5 similar stations purchased by the Florida Institute of Oceanography (FIO) and installed under a cooperative agreement with NDBC to monitor Florida's reefs. The other stations are located at Fowey Rocks, Molasses Reef, Sombrero Reef, the Dry Tortugas and Florida Bay. The stations cost approximately $85,000 each for installation and are maintained and operated by two technicians located at the Keys Marine Laboratory in Long Key and the NDBC. The total annual budget for maintenance of both the oceanographic and meteorological portions of the stations is $300,000. The FIO, a consortium of the State University System, installed the stations as part of its Macarthur Foundation-funded SEAKEYS monitoring program in 1989. The SEAKEYS Program scientists at cooperating universities documented the decline of Keys coral reefs, the impact of sewage on nearshore waters, and the connection between Florida Bay and the coral reef tract. In addition to supporting this effort, the stations provide useful information on weather and ocean conditions to the general public, Sanctuary personnel, the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), the Marine Patrol, dive operators, fishing guides, and federal and state agencies. The solar-powered and satellite-linked stations provided a unique regional profile of Hurricane Andrew in 1992 and the Great Winter Storm of 1993 and documented annual winter cold fronts and summer calms leading to high water temperatures which are implicated in coral bleaching. They also recorded dramatically lowered salinity in the Keys from the 1993 summer floods along the Mississippi River. Recognizing the need for the information, the National Weather Service has funded the continuation of the meteorological component of the stations at Fowey, Molasses, Sombrero and the Dry Tortugas. NOAA through the Sanctuary and the DEP have provided interim funding until March 1996 for the oceanographic sensors at these same stations. However, there are no further funds available for Sand Key and the fate of the remaining Florida Bay station will be decided in the coming months. FIO PRESS RELEASE PAGE 2/2 The loss of the Sand Key station will compromise the Keys-wide oceanographic observations coordinated by the FIO and will damage the development of oceanographic observational capabilities basic to adaptive management. Should permanent funding not become available for maintenance of both the meteorological and oceanographic portions of the remaining stations, the investment of well over $1 million will be lost at the very time when the data are most needed for the complex monitoring, management, and research plans now being implemented in Florida Bay and in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John C. Ogden, Director or Dr. Sandra Vargo, Assistant Director Florida Institute of Oceanography 830 First Street South St. Petersburg Florida 33701 813-893-9109 813-893-9109 (fax) From hendee@wave Sun Oct 26 10:24:23 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA11075; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:23:18 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA18739; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 14:12:52 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA18734; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:12:50 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id KAA29996; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:12:49 -0400 Date: Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:12:49 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: ICRI Chronolog Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A chronolog of important events surrounding the International Coral Reef Initiative is now available at our Home Page at: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov under the link at "The Interational Coral Reef Initiative." We expect this section to updated regularly. Please note the new address of the Home Page. The old address will still work for some time to come. Take care... Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Sun Oct 26 10:25:12 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA11003; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:21:44 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA18722; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 14:03:00 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA18717; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:02:58 -0400 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id KAA29970; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:02:56 -0400 Date: Thu, 26 Oct 1995 10:02:55 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Director Position, CDRS Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: POSITION AVAILABLE: Director, Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS), Galapagos Islands, Ecuador The Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands (CDF) is seeking a Director for its international research, conservation and education center, the CDRS. Duties: management and administration of CDRS, including 45 scientific and support staff; organization/supervision of annual process of planning, execution and evaluation of Station's programs; provide effective technical advice and cooperation to many Ecuadorian counterpart agencies, especially Galapagos National Park Service (GNPS), both for management of the national park (97% of the Galapagos' 8,000 km2 land area) and the new 70,000 km2 Marine Resources Reserve; supervise extensive training and educational programs for university students, the general public, and park guides; obtain a substantial proportion of the Station's annual budget via preparation of proposals and reports and participation in CDF's fund-raising campaigns in Europe, North America and Ecuador. Qualifications: Ph.D. or equivalent in a field of natural sciences, natural resources management or similar; minimum 4 year's practical experience in one's field, preferably in Latin America; bilingual English/Spanish; 25-55 years and in good physical condition; demonstrated strong interpersonal skills, team building and leadership with persons of wide variety of educational and cultural backgrounds; enjoy living and working in isolated conditions in a different cultural setting; preference given to candidates with experience in administration of similar institutions or programs, applied conservation research and/or training and educational program design and practice. Benefits: basic salary of US$ 30,000 per year with possible increment depending upon experience; candidates from European Union countries with direct relationship with a well-recognized university, research center or similar institution would be eligible for substantial additional increment if selected (due to a special European Union grant); free high-quality housing and health insurance; international transport of director, family and personal belongings; annual paid home leave of one month and international transport for same for director and family, after first two years of service; contract initially for two years, renewable. Deadline for applications: December 15, 1995 (EMail, telephone or fax if you are near or past the deadline yet still are considering applying). Desire to fill position between February 1 and June 1, 1996. Application Procedures: Send letter of application detailing qualifications and interest, curriculum vitae and three letters of reference to Dr. Craig MacFarland, President CDF, 836 Mabelle, Moscow, Idaho 83843, USA ***APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED BY EMAIL*** For a complete position description, or, if you have questions, write, EMail, telephone or fax one of the following people: Dr. Craig MacFarland President Charles Darwin Foundation 836 Mabelle Moscow, ID 83843, USA EMail: cmacfarl@uidaho.edu Tel:(208)-883-4876 Fax:208-883-0653 Dr. Ole Hamann Vice President Charles Darwin Foundation Botanical Garden Unversity of Copenhagen Oster Farimagsgade 2B DK-1353 Copenhagen K Denmark Email: oleh@bot.ku.dk Tel:(45)-35-322222 Fax:(45)-35-322221 or Dr. Howard Snell Vice President for North America EMail: snell@alcor.unm.edu Tel: (505)-277-3524 or CDF, Inc. 100 N. Washington Street, Suite 311 Falls Church, VA 22046, USA EMail: nzpcdf01@sivm.si.edu Tel: 703-538-6833; Fax: 703-538-683 From hendee@wave Sun Oct 26 17:22:49 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA25174; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 17:20:59 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA19497; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 21:12:46 GMT Received: from isdsun.cr.usgs.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA19492; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 17:12:42 -0400 Received: from gdsvr1.cr.usgs.gov (gdsvr1.cr.usgs.gov [136.177.48.5]) by isdsun.cr.usgs.gov (8.6.9/8.6.9) with ESMTP id PAA26902 for ; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 15:15:09 -0600 From: bmolnia@gccmail.cr.usgs.gov Received: from GCCMAIL.CR.USGS.GOV by gdsvr1.cr.usgs.gov (8.6.8/200.8.1.3) id VAA24092; Thu, 26 Oct 1995 21:11:23 GMT Received: from cc:Mail by GCCMAIL.CR.USGS.GOV id AA814746310; Thu, 26 Oct 95 14:27:11 MST Date: Thu, 26 Oct 95 14:27:11 MST Message-Id: <9509268147.AA814746310@GCCMAIL.CR.USGS.GOV> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Information about CORALMAP Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Coral Reef Community, I am contacting you in a attempt to get information about two topics and to describe a project that might be of interest to the coral reef community. The two topics that I need information about are: first, an international program called CORALMAP; and second, about ongoing reef studies in Indonesia. I would appreciate any information that you can provide on these topics. My email address is: bmolnia@usgs.gov My phone number is (703) 648-4120 and my fax number is (703) 648-4227. The project that I would like your feedback on is the development of a coral reef educational CD-ROM. The CD would be aimed at the general public and public policy makers, rather than the scientific community. Ideally, it could be used for primary and secondary education. Please let me know what you think about the idea and what materials that you have that you think might be suitable for such a disk. Thank you; Bruce F. Molnia US Geolgoical Survey 917 National Center Reston, VA 22092 bmolnia@usgs.gov From hendee@wave Tue Oct 28 05:09:29 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id FAA06092; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 05:06:27 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id IAA22072; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 08:51:36 GMT Received: from speedy.coacade.uv.mx by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id EAA22067; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 04:51:26 -0400 Received: by speedy.coacade.uv.mx (5.0/SMI-SVR4) id AA03190; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 02:50:38 +0600 Date: Sat, 28 Oct 1995 02:50:38 +0600 From: orion@speedy.coacade.uv.mx Message-Id: <9510280850.AA03190@speedy.coacade.uv.mx > To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral Reef CD-ROM Content-Length: 1825 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Bruce F. Molnia US Geological Survey 917 National Center Reston, VA 22092 bmolnia@usgs.gov Su propuesta sobre elaborar un CD-ROm [D [D me parece muy interesante. En este sentido recientemente desarrolle un programa de computadora sobre los arrecifes coralinos del mundo en un sentido amplio, tratando sus principales caracteristicas. El programa hace enfasis en los arrecifes mexicanos pero particularmente hace referencia al sistema arrecifal de Veracruz. Este programa trata de abarcar los principales problemas que han impactado a los arrecifes y esta dirigido a estudiantes de los niveles secundaria y preparatoria de la educacion en Mexico. El programa aun no ha sido aplicado y en mucho todavia hay que mejorarlo. Esta diseñado para Windows 3.1 y requiere una resolucion de 800x600x256. Contiene alrededor de 70 imagenes fotograficas, 4 animaciones sencillas sobre crecimiento arrecifal y origen de los atolones, y 42 temas desglosados. Sus grandes temas son: 1. ¿Que son los arrecifes de Coral? 2. Arrecifes Mexicanos. 3. El Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano 4. Problematica del Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano. Si usted desea en cuanto pueda le hare llegar una copia del programa. Consta de 5 disketes de 3.5 pulgadas y requiere aproximadamente de 10 megabites del disco duro. Me interesa mucho su propuesta sobre elaborar algo mucho mas elaborado como un CD y por supuesto estoy en la mejor disposicion de colaborar en lo que sea posible. ................................................................ Juan M. Vargas director del Museo de Zoologia Facultad de Biologia Universidad Veracruzana A.P. 755 C.P. 91000 Tel (28) 17-92-02 mismo Fax Tel casa (28) 10-25-97 Xalapa, Veracruz. Mexico. .................................................................... From hendee@wave Tue Oct 28 19:20:44 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.erl.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id TAA27938; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 19:20:05 -0400 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA22767; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 23:16:29 GMT Received: from ten30.qld.ml.csiro.au by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id TAA22762; Sat, 28 Oct 1995 19:16:24 -0400 Received: from brian (brian.qld.ml.csiro.au) by ten30.qld.ml.csiro.au with SMTP id AA14132 (5.65c/IDA-1.4.4 for ); Sun, 29 Oct 1995 09:17:05 +1000 Message-Id: <199510282317.AA14132@ten30.qld.ml.csiro.au> X-Sender: lon084@ten30 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Sun, 29 Oct 1995 09:15:08 +1000 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: brian.long@qld.ml.csiro.au (Brian Long) Subject: Reef survey techniques X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hi, I am a research scientist for CSIRO fisheries, Australia and am involved in a project to do a reef resource inventory of the reefs of Torres Strait, northern Australia. I would like to contact others that are doing this kind of work. We have Landsat TM satellite imagery of the reefs, ArcInfo GIS and Image (image processing software). The objects of the project are to map the reef habitats and to get information on the distribution and abundance of the conspicuous megabenthos. The output of the project will be stored in a GIS of the marine resources of Torres Strait. It will serve as a base map for future monitoring and for designing cost-effective sampling programs to estimate the abundance of selected species. We have already done one field trip in February 1995 and go up again in November 1995. Part of our project is to develop rapid field assessment techniques for quantifying reef cover and the abundance of the conspicuous megabenthos. Last Feb. we sampled over 700 sites on 26 reefs in eastern Torres Strait. The correlation we got between satellite imagery pixel values (red, green and blue) and percentage cover (sand, live coral, algal pavement and rubble) was quite low (approx. 25% variation explained). Depth was better (66%). If anyone is doing similar work I would love to hear how you are going. The maps we are creating from the field work and satellite imagery is to serve as habitat base maps for Torres Strait Reefs. We start a project in 1996 to estimate the standing stock of Beche-de-mer in Torres Strait. The habitat maps and data we are collecting from the current project will be used as pilot data to design a stratified cost-effective sampling program to estimate Beche-de-mer standing stock. If anyone else is doing this kind of work I'd also love to hear about it. Brian Long ======================================================================= Brian Long, Marine Ecologist E-mail: Brian.Long@qld.ml.csiro.au CSIRO, Division of Fisheries Phone : +61 7 3286 8288 PO Box 120, Cleveland, Q 4163 Fax : +61 7 3286 2582 Australia ======================================================================= From hendee@wave Thu Oct 30 12:57:49 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id MAA08597; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 12:56:40 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id RAA24648; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 17:42:18 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id MAA24643; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 12:42:15 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id MAA21975; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 12:42:15 -0500 Date: Mon, 30 Oct 1995 12:42:14 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Bleaching Update: Belize Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message from Melanie McField herewith forwarded to the Coral List: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Fri, 27 Oct 95 12:48 CST From: Melanie McField To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Bleaching Update: Belize Coral Bleaching in Belize: Second Update As a follow up to the initial report on September 28, the Coastal Zone Management Unit of the Fisheries Department has been gathering information on the bleaching situation in Belize. Anyone who has plans to collect, or has collected, data from Belize is requested toforward such data to one of the following addresses: 1. Melanie McField, Coastal Zone Management Project, fax: 501-2-35738 E-mail: Earth.Works@ucb.edu.bz 2. Earl Young, CZMU, Fisheries Department, fax: 501-2-32983 To date, bleaching has been recorded on reefs off North Ambergris Caye (Bacalar Chico, Basil Jones Cut, Mexico Rocks), Hol Chan Marine Reserve, Caye Caulker, Sergeant's Caye, Goff's Caye, Southwater Caye, Carrie Bow Caye, Turneffe Atoll, Lighthouse Reef, Glovers Reef, reefs off Hopkins and Placencia, Snake Cayes, and Sapodilla Cayes. An aerial survey was carried out over the area between Goff's Caye, Gallows Point and the northern part of Turneffe Atoll, with some bleaching observed on most of the reefs. However, although it is widespread, bleaching is nevertheless patchy, with some areas escaping and others being badly affected. In these badly affected areas bleaching can be recorded in aerial photographs. Underwater surveys, using point intercepts, random points, video transects have been carried out. At three locations individual corals have been tagged and photographed to monitor recovery. . The CZMU has developed a number of simple methods that can be used by volunteers to help collect data on this event, in hopes of expanding the range of field data collection. We want to estimate the percent of corals that are bleached, the species involved, and the depths at which bleaching occurs, as well as the rate of recovery or amount of coral death. We hope to be able to incorporate some of the CARICOMP recommendations forwarded by Jeremy Woodley. In most places, the worst bleaching is at shallow depths (1-2 metres) behind the reef crest, with preliminary data indicating approximately 50% total coral colonies affected by some level of bleaching. The species apparently most affected is Montastrea annularis - all morphs, although the smooth (sensu stricto) appears to be the most affected. The maximum depth of surveys thus far have only been down to 20 meters, at which depth bleaching has been observed, primarily in Agaricia spp.( in deep waters). The CZMU is also gathering data on sea water temperature, with the assistance of the Meterology Office and others. We do not yet have recent satelite sea surface temperatures and would appreciate this data ( or instructions on how to locate the data on the internet, if available). Hopefully, one beneficial effect of Hurricane Roxanne will have been that it cooled down the waters and may have stopped any further bleaching. An updated species list follows: Acropora cervicornis Agaricia: agaricites, humilis, tenufolia, grahamae, lamarcki, Colpophyllia natans Diploria labyrinthiformis, D strigosa Dichocoenia stokesii Eusimilia fastigiata Favia fragum Madracis spp (from Wellington) Meandrina meandrites Montastrea annularus ( all formas), M. cavernosa Millepora alcicornis, M. complanata Mycetophyllia aliciae, M danaana Porites astreoides, P. porites f. porites, divaricata, furcata, Siderastrea siderea, S radians Stephanocoenia michilini Palythoa caribaeourm Erythropodium caribaeorum Briareum asbestinum Eunicea spp. From hendee@wave Thu Oct 30 16:52:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA16545; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 16:40:53 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA24924; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 21:35:59 GMT Received: from kuhub.cc.ukans.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id QAA24919; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 16:35:49 -0500 Received: from KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU by KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU (PMDF V5.0-4 #9008) id <01HX1ZT0VTU88Y12LK@KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU>; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 14:49:05 -0600 (CST) Date: Mon, 30 Oct 1995 14:49:05 -0600 (CST) From: "DAPHNE G. FAUTIN" Subject: Fellowship available To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Cc: FAUTIN Message-id: MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: I am offering a Fellowship under the US National Science Foundation Partnership to Enhance Expertise in Taxonomy (PEET) to support an enthusiastic, bright student interested in earning the Ph.D. degree in modern systematics at the University of Kansas. KU is internationally known for its Natural History Museum and associated graduate program in systematics and evolutionary studies. The project: Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of the north-temperate sea anemones of the genus *Urticina* (=*Tealia*) using a combination of conventional and modern techniques, including field and laboratory studies. Timing: To begin preferably by 1 June 1996; financial support will continue for as much as 4.5 years, pending satisfactory progress and continued funding from NSF. Financial: Following PEET guidelines, the graduate student will be supported through Research, Curatorial, and Teaching Assistantships; tuition costs will be covered by the grant. Qualifications: Must have a strong interest in systematics and a willingness to learn about sea anemones. Must be admitted to the graduate program of the Department of Systematics and Ecology, University of Kansas. There are no citizenship requirements; non-Americans are encouraged to apply. Inquiries: I will respond to specific queries made by e-mail, fax, post, or telephone. For information on KU (the department or graduate school), please communicate in writing. A person interested in applying for the Fellowship should send me a letter of interest, a curriculum vitae, a transcript (unofficial is OK), and names and contact information for at least three references. The application deadline for summer term is in February or March; I shall begin considering candidates in January. Dr. Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Systematics & Ecology; Professor, Entomology Curator, KU Natural History Museum Division of Biological Sciences University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 phone 913-864-3062 fax 913-864-5321 e-mail fautin@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu From hendee@wave Thu Oct 30 17:38:13 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA18316; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 17:32:31 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id WAA24971; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 22:28:29 GMT Received: from charleston.nadn.navy.mil by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA24966; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 17:28:27 -0500 Received: (from strong@localhost) by charleston.nadn.navy.mil (8.6.12/8.6.12) id RAA03844; Mon, 30 Oct 1995 17:28:26 -0500 Date: Mon, 30 Oct 1995 17:28:26 -0500 (EST) From: Prof Alan E Strong To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov, jsapper@nesdis.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Bleaching Update: Belize In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Melanie McField - Some satellite SST data on the Web that might be helpful for your bleaching obs.: NOAA has up-to-date SSTs here: psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/psb/eps/sst/sst_anal_fields.html check out the "new" North American 14km fields that reaches south to Honduras U of Miami - RSMAS: www.rsmas.miami.edu/images.html There is probably one from Navoceano in Stennis....do not know their URL. Hope this helps....we are working on new Tropical fields and anomalies to accompany them [Paper to be presented at upcoming CR Meeting in Panama]. Cheers, Al Strong ***************************************************************************** Alan E. Strong Adj. Asst. Professor Project Manager - CPORS Oceanography Department NOAA/USNA Cooperative Project United States Naval Academy in Oceanic Remote Sensing Annapolis, MD 21402-5026 al@topgun.nadn.navy.mil strong@nadn.navy.mil Lab: Rickover Hall Rm-1 PH: 410-293-6566 410-293-5468 FAX: 410-293-2137 NOAA/NESDIS/ORA: 301-763-8102 ***************************************************************************** From hendee@wave Fri Oct 31 14:05:02 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA03556; Tue, 31 Oct 1995 14:01:56 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA01327; Tue, 31 Oct 1995 18:29:08 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA01322; Tue, 31 Oct 1995 13:29:06 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id NAA07029; Tue, 31 Oct 1995 13:29:05 -0500 Date: Tue, 31 Oct 1995 13:29:05 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: CYANIDE FISHING IN ASIAN CORAL REEFS Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This message is forwarded from the marine biology list. It has relevance to our study of coral health. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 31 Oct 1995 11:43:01 -0500 From: DAVE SALMAN To: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Subject: marbio: CYANIDE FISHING IN ASIAN CORAL REEFS SEE ATTACHED ITEM FROM 10/31 GREENWIRE ------------------- GW1031 follows -------------------- *1 FISHERIES: CYANIDE FISHING DEVASTATES ASIAN CORAL REEFS "In an ecological disaster that has gone largely unnoticed outside of the region, Asian fishing companies are using tons of sodium cyanide to fish the coral reefs of Southeast Asia, turning the world's richest marine environments into aquatic graveyards," reports Alex Barnum in the S.F. CHRONICLE. With restaurant-goers in Hong Kong and China demanding large, exotic live reef fish, cyanide fishing is booming. In the practice, divers squirt cyanide into coral reefs, temporarily stunning the fish (10/28), which are then shipped to market and sold at prices up to $40 a pound. While the cyanide "is not toxic to people in the dose used for fishing," it is "more than enough" (William Stevens, N.Y. TIMES, 10/31) to destroy reef ecosystems. "Within weeks, the reef's riot of colorful marine life becomes an empty, gray wasteland" (Barnum, S.F, CHRONICLE). AN "ENVIRONMENTAL MURDER" Cyanide fishing began in the 1980s, but it has become so widespread -- extending from the Maldives to the Solomon Islands and Australia -- that it is "wiping out broad expanses of what ecologists say is the global epicenter of biological diversity." Marine ecologist Robert Johannes, who recently completed a study on cyanide fishing funded by the Nature Conservancy and the South Pacific Forum Fisheries Agency: "We've got a big environmental murder going on" (Stevens, N.Y. TIMES). The practice has destroyed most of the coral reefs in Indonesia and the Philippines, and is likely to spread next to Papua New Guinea and other South Pacific Islands, according to Johannes (Barnum, S.F. CHRONICLE). The need to meet increasing demand as coral reef fisheries decline has prompted cyanide fishers to take more drastic action, sometimes dumping entire 55- gallon drums of cyanide into shallow reef communities. GROWING MARKET, GROWING STRAINS "No slowing in the geographic expansion of the fishery nor of consumer demand is in sight," the report says. Other nations, including China, Taiwan, Singapore and Japan, are increasingly involved in both cyanide fishing and the consumption of large reef fish. Reefs are also under pressure from "a warming climate, pollution, overfishing and physical destruction." THE ENFORCEMENT ANGLE Most nations have banned the use of poison for fishing, but governments have been unable to enforce the laws. The report points to bribery as a possible cause of poor enforcement and suggests involving villagers in the management of coral reefs. In a statement, the Hong Kong Agriculture and Fisheries Dept. said evidence of widespread reef destruction "is anecdotal and without verification through survey." While the agency called the reports of reef destruction "regrettable," it said the capture of reef fish "is a legitimate exploitation of a marine resource" (Stevens, N.Y. TIMES). From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 08:09:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA22401; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 08:07:15 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id LAA03986; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 11:16:17 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id GAA03981; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 06:16:14 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id GAA00903; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 06:16:14 -0500 Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 06:16:14 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Correction Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Professor Alan Strong has forwarded a correction to his previous post of Web locations for SST images: > > Some satellite SST data on the Web that might be helpful for your bleaching > > obs.: > > > > NOAA has up-to-date SSTs here: Sorry....case sensitive...not CAPs: psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/sst_anal_fields.html You may wish to broadcast this correction?? Cheers, Al Strong From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 13:27:24 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA01581; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 13:22:38 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA04556; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 18:14:39 GMT Received: from news.cc.ucf.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA04551; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 13:14:37 -0500 Received: from mac75.bio.ucf.edu by news.cc.ucf.edu with smtp (Smail3.1.29.1 #8) id m0tAhfz-001DZXC; Wed, 1 Nov 95 13:14 EST Date: Wed, 1 Nov 95 13:14:01 -0500 From: Frank Snelson To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: JOB Message-ID: Content-Type: TEXT/plain; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: GENERAL AND MARINE BIOLOGY The Department of Biology at the University of Central Florida invites applications for a tenure-track faculty position at the Assistant Professor level starting August, 1996. We seek an individual to teach a large introductory biology course for majors. We are interested in individuals with research specialization in marine biology, especially the physiological or behavioral ecology of marine animals. The successful candidate will be expected to establish an active, externally funded research program and will teach at the undergraduate and graduate levels and direct MS graduate students in his/her area of specialization. A Ph.D. and postdoctoral experience or equivalent are required. Candidates should submit a curriculum vitae; names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references; and statements of research and teaching interests to: Llewellyn M. Ehrhart, Biology Search Committee Chair, Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-2368. Submissions must be postmarked by January 2 , 1996. Florida law dictates that all application materials and selection procedures are available for public review. The University of Central Florida is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 14:12:26 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA03243; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:09:44 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA04604; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 19:02:42 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA04599; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:02:40 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id OAA02160; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:02:39 -0500 Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:02:37 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Ocean Voice International, Ottawa Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A forwarded message from Don McAllister: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 07:49:43 -0500 From: Don McAllister To: coral@coral Cc: bd268@freenet, bo093@freenet, stefano@epaus.island.net, ah201@freenet, Haribon@phil.gn.apc.org Subject: Re: CYANIDE FISHING IN ASIAN CORAL REEFS Ocean Voice International, Ottawa. has been working since 1989 with the Haribon Foundation for Conservation of Natural Resources, Manila, on helping aquarium fishers and others convert from use of cyanide to nets. With a modest budget in the Philippines we now have 800 of the 2500 cyanide users trained and 500 of the 800 have formed a national aquarium fish gatherers association to export cyanide-free net-caught fish. We are seeking donations, memberships and grants to help provide a holding and export building and human resource development. We have also heard from reliable sources about the extensive use of cyanide for collection of live food fishes in Indonesia and the Philippines, so we give credence to Johannes's report. The high mortality of fishes exposed to cyanide makes it a non- sustainable practice, though easy to use, since it is hard to ajust the dose to merely stun the fishes, and many fishes die on the reef and on route to their destination. Worse is that repeated exposure to cyanide causes coral to bleach and die. The time for the coral habitat to replace itself is longer than the regeneration time for the fishes, assuming that that the use of cyanide is eliminated or reduced. For more information on Ocean Voice see our home page: http://www.conveyor.com/oceanvoice.html Where can interested parties get a copy of Johannes report? Don McAllister -- Don E. McAllister, Canadian ## & Ocean Voice International, Box 37026 Museum of Nature, P.O.B. 3443 ## 3332 McCarthy Road, Ottawa, ON K1V 0W0 Stn D,Ottawa,ON K1P 6P4 Tel. (613)264-8986, Fax: (613)264-9204 E-mail addresses: ah194@freenet.carleton.ca / mcall@jester.com From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 14:13:57 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA03236; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:09:41 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA04613; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 19:05:58 GMT Received: from crs.loc.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA04608; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:05:55 -0500 Received: from CRSMAIL-Message_Server by crs.loc.gov with Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 01 Nov 1995 14:06:11 -0500 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1 Date: Wed, 01 Nov 1995 14:03:57 -0500 From: Gene Buck To: Coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Nov. 6th meeting in Jakarta?? Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Coral-list: Anyone know the details on a Nov. 6th meeting in Jakarta, possibly to deal with protection of coral reefs and reef fish? Gene Buck, Senior Analyst Congressional Research Service e-mail: gbuck@crs.loc.gov From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 14:15:20 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA03320; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:10:29 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA04621; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 19:07:38 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA04616; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:07:36 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id OAA02169; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:07:36 -0500 Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:07:35 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Marine Sanctuary Regulations Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Proposed and adopted regulations for the following marine sanctuaries or reserves are now available at our Web site (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov): The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 15:05:03 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA05360; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:59:19 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA04741; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 19:49:47 GMT Received: from saul4.u.washington.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA04736; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 14:49:34 -0500 Received: by saul4.u.washington.edu (5.65+UW95.10/UW-NDC Revision: 2.33 ) id AA22737; Wed, 1 Nov 95 11:49:02 -0800 X-Sender: pdh@saul4.u.washington.edu Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 11:49:01 -0800 (PST) From: Preston Hardison To: Coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: Info on Biodiversity Convention COP II Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Mon, 23 Oct 95 17:15:08 EDT From: Preston Hardison To: Multiple recipients of list Subject: Re: Info on Biodiversity Convention The Second Convention of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP2) will be held in Jakarta, Indonesia, November 6 - 17 July, 1995. There are two main sources of information for this conference: 1. United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) Web Page: http://www.unep.ch Contains background documents, official documents from COP1, the agenda for COP2, and information for attendees. 2. Linkages Web Page: International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) http://www.iisd.ca/linkages/index.html Contains copies of the Earth Negotiations Bulletin for COP1, and where ENB for COP2 will appear. There are a few additional documents at Communication for a Sustainable Future (CSF): http://www.csf.colorado.edu or gopher csf.colorado.edu in the Environment/Conservation Biology directory. I believe that there are also some documents available from the FAO Web server (http://www.fao.org, I think). Preston Hardison pdh@u.washington.edu From hendee@wave Sat Nov 1 18:32:10 1995 Received: from isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (root@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us [204.199.126.2]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with SMTP id SAA11585; Wed, 1 Nov 1995 18:32:08 -0500 Received: by isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (Linux Smail3.1.29.1 #3) id m0tAf8E-002NZHa; Wed, 1 Nov 95 10:31 EST Sender: owner-marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 11:37:42 -0800 (PST) From: Jim Culter To: Lloyd Timberlake cc: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us, coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: marbio: How to conserve? X-Sender: JCULTER@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us In-Reply-To: <9511010959.AA06452@gn.apc.org> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-marbio@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Precedence: bulk Reply-To: Jim Culter Status: RO X-Status: Dear Lloyd, I am sure your questions will generate many responses (and requests for funding). I will offer some ideas based on our experience both in the U.S and overseas. Scientists are often accused of always insisting on "more studies" without offering "answers" to socially caused environmental problems. In defense, many of these problems are "new" and require new information. At MML we are inundated with questions from the public, wanting to know the causes and cures for complex problems. Sometimes we have answers based on many years of data, but for many questions we do not have simple answers. New problems demand new data. In terms of scientific data and enviromental studies the U.S. is far ahead of Latin America (this is not a criticism of science in these areas, just a comment on the "quantity" and intensity of research). There is a popular notion within the conservative political elements of the U.S. that we have had enough environmental science, enough studies and that conservation is counter to economic development. Without arguing this point I will say this is simply not true. Much of the financial aid to Latin America is in the form of management and planning projects. My question is; What are they planning to manage, and how, if the information describing the type, quantity and function of the resources is deficient or totally lacking. Environmental science has largely been reactive, with systems being studied only after problems are perceived. This palces a burden on the scientist to somehow determine causes and levels of degradarion without any reliable data on the condition in "the good ole days". The point of this is that to have a working conservation program today we need to know how things were working yesterday. The stabilization of Central American politics is resulting in an increase exploitation of the coastal resources, at a rate that far exceeds development of scientific knowledge. My encouragement is for the combination of developing management strategies based on large quantities of sound science and data gathering. Training of indigenous people is important and they must also be provided with the resources to continue gathering information after the training is completed. Good luck with your projects, Jim Culter jculter@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Mote Marine Laboratory voice (813) 388-4441 1600 Thompson Parkway fax (813) 388-4312 Sarasota, FL 34236 MML is a private non-profit marine/estuarine research and education laboratory. All opinions herein are my own (not MML policy) unless noted as otherwise. Invertebrates rule! FOR MORE ABOUT MML SEE: http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us/research07/htm On Wed, 1 Nov 1995, Lloyd Timberlake wrote: > Greetings, > > I have a problem which I think will be of interest to most > of you, no matter what your speciality. > > I am working with a new foundation which supports leadership for > sustainable development in Latin America. We are already funding > projects dealing with business, grassroots and institutional leadership. > We would like to develop a strategy to support leadership for nature > conservation. Since we "inherited" a small marine ecosystem conservation > project in the western Caribbean (keys and coral), we are looking at the > possibility of doing more work in marine conservation. > > My question is: Given the host of assaults today on shallow-water, > tropical marine ecosystems - varying types of pollution, over-fishing, > global warming, etc. - how does a small foundation with considerable > resources work most cost-effectively? Does one establish more small > conservation zones? Does one simply donate to a big international green > NGO? Does one do policy work with Latin American governments? Is there > key research which needs funding which is not getting funding? (I am > afraid of getting thousands of research proposals from this group.) > > I have spoken to a number of appropriate organisations, and it is > surprising how little consensus there is on how best to DO marine > conservation. The usual response is a rather unconvincing "Fund us." > Perhaps by throwing the question out to such a group, I can get beyond > that. > > Thanks in advance for your interest. > > Lloyd Timberlake, > Visiting Fellow Centre for Environmental Technology, Imperial College > 48 Prince's Gardens, London, SW7 2PE, UK > Phone:+44 171 594-9286, Fax:+44 171 581-0245 > e-mail: lloyd@gn.apc.org > > > From hendee@wave Sun Nov 2 14:29:51 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA01566; Thu, 2 Nov 1995 14:20:21 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA07274; Thu, 2 Nov 1995 19:05:45 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA07269; Thu, 2 Nov 1995 14:05:42 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id OAA00780; Thu, 2 Nov 1995 14:05:41 -0500 Date: Thu, 2 Nov 1995 14:05:41 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: FROM ITES News on OIL FIRE (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 2 Nov 95 15:22:55 +0000 From: support@lanka.gn.apc.org To: coral@coral Subject: FROM ITES News on OIL FIRE Oil installation fires at Colombo, Sri Lanka -------------------------------------------- Terrorists attacked the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation refinery and oil storage installations in Colombo in the early hours of October 20th causing several deaths and massive fires in the storage areas. Fires of this magnitude had not taken place in Sri Lanka previously and the assistance of fire-fighters with experience in fighting oil fires had to be obtained from India. The fires were accompanied by the deposition of oil which was reported by the media to have formed layers around 0.5 metres thick in some places. Some of the oil passed by way of canals and a major river to the sea. Other immediately visible impacts included those on market gardens in nearby areas. The Ceylon Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (CISIR) has issued a preliminary report on some aspects of the incident which may be of environmental significance. Based on information supplied by the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) the crude and refined products presumed destroyed in a two day period were 39,000 tonnes of crude oil, 35,000 tonnes of diesel and 5000 tonnes of kerosene. Taking into account the sulphur contents of the oil products destroyed it was estimated that the oxides of sulphur produced during the fires could have been around 1690 tonnes (when calculated as sulphur dioxide). As regards oxides of nitrogen (calculated as nitrogen dioxide) the total produced could have been around 780 tonnes (including that resulting from the reaction of gaseous nitrogen with oxygen at high temperatures). A significant proportion of these acidic oxides is expected to have been returned to earth in the rain which accompanied the conflagration. This experience in Sri Lanka was followed by reports in the media a few days later of an oil fire in Indonesia due to a refinery being struck by lightning. These two incidents have caused further unease among environmentalists in Sri Lanka regarding a proposal to locate a giant refinery cum power plant near Hambantota on the south coast of Sri Lanka. The project is proposed to be located not too far from extremely wildlife-rich areas including feeding grounds of flamingos and other waterfowl and beaches frequented by marine turtles for egg laying. The Yala wildlife sanctuary is also located on the south coast while some of the coral reefs of Sri Lanka may be eventually impacted by oil. An Environmental Impact Assesment for the proposed project is being prepared by the developers, Regional Cooperative Petroleum Refinery Co Inc., and will be opened for public comment in due course. Contributor: Rohan H. Wickramasinghe, November 01, 1995 Institute for Tropical Environmental Studies, 41 Flower Road, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka From hendee@wave Wed Nov 5 23:14:58 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id XAA20286; Sun, 5 Nov 1995 23:12:46 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id EAA07676; Mon, 6 Nov 1995 04:07:09 GMT Received: from CGNET.COM by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id XAA07671; Sun, 5 Nov 1995 23:07:06 -0500 Received: from msm.cgnet.com by CGNET.COM (PMDF V4.3-9 #7702) id <01HXAOOIJNN400OJ32@CGNET.COM>; Sun, 05 Nov 1995 20:07:14 -0700 (PDT) Received: by msm.cgnet.com with Microsoft Mail id <309D89FC@msm.cgnet.com>; Sun, 05 Nov 95 20:07:24 PST Date: Mon, 06 Nov 1995 11:40:00 -0800 (PST) From: John McManus To: "'coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov'" Message-id: <309D89FC@msm.cgnet.com> X-Mailer: Microsoft Mail V3.0 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Encoding: 27 TEXT Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: TO : Coral List FROM : ReefBase Project DATE : November 6, 1995 We are pleased to see increasing exchange of information on bleaching. It would help us a great deal to know something of the extent of bleaching, as in number of bleached vs. unbleached corals, aerial extent and average bottom cover of living corals before and after an event. Coordinates are very important as well. We hope everyone is aware that a low level of bleaching is a normal phenomenon on most reefs, such that up to one percent of colonies being affected is not generally a cause for concern. The same applies for crown-of-thorns damage, white band and black band disease. We assume that all reports thus far are of local epidemics, i.e. more than a few percent of corals are afflicted. Please correct us if this is not the case with some of the email reports. Please send copies of any reports involving coral reefs, including trip reports. We will clearly designate the type of source material in ReefBase so that queries can be made at various levels of confidence, e.g. only reviewed papers, all formal papers, all reports, etc. Authorship will be clearly indicated as well, of course. John W. McManus ReefBase Project Leader ICLARM, 205 Salcedo Street, Legaspi Village, Makati, Metro Manila, 1229 Philippines From hendee@wave Thu Nov 6 13:43:19 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA03680; Mon, 6 Nov 1995 13:38:58 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA09163; Mon, 6 Nov 1995 18:30:28 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA09158; Mon, 6 Nov 1995 13:30:25 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id NAA21600; Mon, 6 Nov 1995 13:30:25 -0500 Date: Mon, 6 Nov 1995 13:30:24 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Archived C-MAN data from the Florida Keys Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Greetings Colleagues, I am very happy to announce that basic NDBC C-MAN (Coastal-Marine Automated Network) data, as well as Florida Institute of Oceanography enhanced C-MAN data, for the Florida Keys (years 1991-1995) are now available at our Web site: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov (more specifically: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/cman/cman_menu.html) "Basic" C-MAN data includes meteorological data and sea temperature. FIO "enhanced" C-MAN data include sea temperatures at additional depths, salinity and photosynthetically active radiation at one or two depths. We all know that it is difficult to get long-term data sets upon which to make environmental decisions regarding coral health. Funding for the maintenance of the oceanographic instrumentation of these FIO enhanced stations is in jeopardy, so if you find these data of use, it would be extremely helpful to make your voices heard. For more information on making your voices heard, see "Bulletins" off our Home Page. Many thanks... Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Fri Nov 7 08:37:46 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA24412; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:33:21 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA10774; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 13:19:35 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA10769; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:19:32 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA12363; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:19:31 -0500 Date: Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:19:31 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: ICRI Progress Reports Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The first three Progress Reports of the International Coral Reef Initiative are now available at URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/icri/icri.html From hendee@wave Fri Nov 7 09:03:47 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA25100; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:59:38 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA10953; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 13:57:18 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA10948; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:57:15 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA12421; Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:57:15 -0500 Date: Tue, 7 Nov 1995 08:57:14 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: lost souls? Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following e-mail addresses of coral-list subscribers have been bouncing and are apparently inoperative. If you see a colleague's address or name you recognize, and you think they'd still like to receive the list information, please either forward this message to their NEW address, or drop me a line as to their new address. Many thanks, Jim Hendee ==================== ccc@coralcay.demon.co.uk ccook@hboi.edu tja2@vax.york.ac.uk wpeterso@shark.ssp.nmfs.gov#011#william_peterson@ssp.nmfs.gov Simon.Jennings@newcastle.ac.uk carviskboreri@icarus.state.gov mcole@noaa.gov sdrake@state.gov jjones@state.gov 73261.2212@CompuServe.com 76260.2413@CompuServe.com jutro.p@epamail.epa.gov mmoore@violet.berkeley.edu email.jcu.edu.au@jcu.edu.au Madeline.G@eworld.com rachelle_ninio@ccmail.gbrmpa.gov.au sjameson@ocean.nos.noaa.gov From hendee@wave Sun Nov 9 08:35:32 1995 Received: from isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (root@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us [204.199.126.2]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with SMTP id IAA20062; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 08:35:30 -0500 Received: by isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (Linux Smail3.1.29.1 #3) id m0tDWsk-002Mcla; Thu, 9 Nov 95 08:19 EST Sender: owner-marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Date: Thu, 9 Nov 1995 09:15:40 -0800 (PST) From: Mike Marshall To: Shelley Anthony cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov, marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Subject: marbio: Re: Diadema spawning X-Sender: marshall@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us In-Reply-To: <199511082137.PAA22562@smtp.utexas.edu> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-marbio@isurus.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Precedence: bulk Reply-To: Mike Marshall Status: RO X-Status: A I am interested in culturing Diadema at our field station at Pigeon Key. I have searched for literature on Diadema reproduction and development but I haven't found much about spawning techniques. Would the ususal echinoderm spawning stimulants work with Diadema? Michael J. Marshall list owner - MARBIO For Marbio subscribers only: *********************************************************************** To unsubscribe send a message to: containing the one line: unsubscribe marbio To receive the digest send a message to the majordomo with the one line: subscribe marbio-digest """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" Mote Marine Laboratory marshall@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Tropical Marine Ecology Program 941-388-4441/941-388-4312(fax) 1600 Thompson Parkway Sarasota, Florida 34236 USA """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" See our web page at http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Mote Marine Lab is an independent, not-for-profit research organization On Wed, 8 Nov 1995, Shelley Anthony wrote: > One male Diadema antillarum was observed to spawn immediately after > handling near Lee Stocking Island, Exuma Cays, central Bahamas in the late > afternoon on October 26. I am interested in hearing of any comparable > observations from anywhere in the western Atlantic/Caribbean. Please > respond to santhony@mail.utexas.edu. I greatly appreciate the help. > > Thanks, > Shelley Anthony > Dept. of Zoology > University of Texas, Austin > > From hendee@wave Sun Nov 9 10:36:49 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA23644; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 10:33:19 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA15358; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 15:24:32 GMT Received: from NIC.NOAA.GOV by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA15353; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 10:24:28 -0500 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 10:23:03 - 0500 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV with SMTP id AA15230 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Thu, 9 Nov 1995 10:23:03 -0500 Message-Id: Date: 9 Nov 1995 11:25:41 U From: "Mark Eakin" Subject: ICRI Active at UNEP LBS Con To: "Recipients of coral-list" X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP/QM 3.0.0 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Subject: Time: 10:20 AM OFFICE MEMO ICRI Active at UNEP LBS Conference Date: 11/9/95 News from the ICRI Secretariat ICRI and UNEP Intergovernmental Conference on Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) concerns were addressed in numerous different ways during the UNEP Intergovernmental Conference on Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities, as agreed by the ICRI Executive Planning Committee. ICRI diplomatic activities during the Intergovernmental Conference included: - References in speeches by government officials and others such as UNEP Executive Director - Luncheon seminar to introduce delegations to ICRI - Luncheon seminar on the economic impacts of pollution from land based activities on fisheries and coral - Fact sheet on coral and LBS distributed to all delegations as part of Conference documentation - Information booth at Conference Educational Forum - Diplomatic viewing of ICRI/USIA award-winning video during reception at The Smithsonian - Side-bar conversations with numerous delegations U.S. Vice President Gore highlighted case studies of success in management coral ecosystems and The International Coral Reef Initiative as part of his remarks to the Ministers of the UNEP Intergovernmental Conference. Partnerships with the Philippines and Thailand to promote sustainable coral reef management (particularly fishery and tourism sectors) were linked with the goals of the International Coral Reef Initiative. They were important examples of his principal theme: "And the only way to stop the degradation of the marine environment from land-based activities, is to share the solutions, just as we share the oceans." EXCERPT FROM VICE PRESIDENT GORE'S SPEECH AT THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL CONFERENCE ON PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES In the Philippines, where over-exploitation of that country's coral reefs has become too common, we have seen similar community-based approaches. Marine Management Committees, established by local villagers, have established marine reserves -- including a fishery breeding sanctuary and a surrounding buffer area for ecologically sustainable fishing. Also, fishing methods that use dynamite and very small mesh gill nets (biomass fishing) have been halted. The result has been an increase in species diversity, a greater total fish yield and sustainable economic growth. And, let me cite one more example -- the coral reefs off Thailand, in Phuket Bay. Because of tourism and fishing, the coral reefs are vital to Thailand's economy. Worldwide, coral reefs are widely recognized as one of the world's "essential life support systems." But, as we all know, they are in grave danger. Some sources estimate that 10 percent of all reefs have been degraded beyond recovery and that 20 to 30 percent may be lost -- primarily due to human activity -- by the year 2010. After the Earth Summit in 1992, the United States along with Japan, Australia, Jamaica, France, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, and Sweden embraced a major initiative to protect coral reefs in partnership with nongovernmental organizations, development banks, the private sector, and other coral reef nations such as Thailand. The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is not a treaty, a body of cumbersome regulations, or a bureaucracy. It is a framework for interested parties, public and private, to work together to tackle a common, shared problem before it gets out of hand. For Thailand, that has meant an extensive campaign for public education which as taught the people of Thailand to give the highest importance to investing in their own resources. This in turn has meant the development of a series of small-scale projects which have brought concrete results. From hendee@wave Sun Nov 9 17:45:11 1995 Received: from NIC.NOAA.GOV (NIC.NOAA.GOV [140.90.231.20]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with SMTP id RAA06704 for ; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 17:45:08 -0500 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 17:26:07 - 0500 Received: from ogp.noaa.gov (QUICKMAIL.OGP.NOAA.GOV) by NIC.NOAA.GOV with SMTP id AA06545 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for ); Thu, 9 Nov 1995 17:26:07 -0500 Message-Id: Date: 9 Nov 1995 18:27:45 U From: "Mark Eakin" Subject: Bleaching Press Release To: "Recipients of coral-list" Cc: "Jim Hendee" , "Arthur Paterson" , "Al Strong" X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP/QM 3.0.0 Status: RO X-Status: Subject: Time: 5:23 PM OFFICE MEMO Bleaching Press Release Date: 11/9/95 The following has just been released by NOAA Public Affairs: __________________________________________________________ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON D.C. 20230 CONTACT: Matt Stout (202) 482-6090 NOAA 95-80 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 11/9/95 NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION CORAL REEF BLEACHING FOUND IN BELIZE FOR THE FIRST TIME Coral bleaching caused by environmental stresses is threatening the Western Hemisphere's longest and most pristine barrier reef in Belize, as well as other areas of the western Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, according to scientists at the Commerce Department's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The same warm waters that spawned or strengthened hurricanes in the western Atlantic this year also are associated with this occurrence of coral bleaching. From August through October, NOAA satellites detected elevated sea surface temperatures spanning much of the Gulf of Mexico and the western Caribbean basin from Belize to Jamaica, Honduras and Venezuela. Coral reef bleaching occurs when stress, such as high ocean temperatures, cold ocean temperatures, elevated ultraviolet light, sedimentation and toxic chemicals, causes zooxanthellae, a symbiotic algae living within the corals' tissues, to be expelled from coral, leaving it a ghostly white. Corals need this symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae for nutrition, health, and survival. Although most corals survive infrequent bleaching episodes, repeated or sustained bleaching events kill corals. Coral bleaching triggered by warm temperatures became a frequent problem in the 1980's to early 1990's. In 1983, increased ocean temperatures related to the El Nino resulted in widespread bleaching, mortality and even extinction of corals in the eastern Pacific and bleaching at many sites in the western Atlantic/Caribbean. Subsequent El Nino events have been connected with bleaching in the Pacific and Atlantic, and may be related to the current bleaching episodes. However, reefs in Belize and many neighboring nations in the western Caribbean/ Gulf of Mexico region had been spared from this disturbance. NOAA's preliminary climate predictions indicate that after the current (1995-1996) cold period ends, another El Nino, perhaps a strong one, may be on the horizon for 1996-1991. In addition to remote sensing and climate predictions, NOAA has been a leader with other federal agencies and internationally in the development of the International Coral Reef Initiative. The Initiative's priorities include support for the establishment of a global coral reef monitoring network, launched by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, to be able to definitively tie coral reef events such as bleaching to their environmental causes. Reports of recent widespread bleaching of corals in the western Caribbean were published in the Nov. 10 issue of Science Magazine. ### Editor's Note: A color image of the NOAA sea surface temperature map is available on the World Wide Web at http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/ __________________________________________________________ C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D. NOAA/Global Programs, 1100 Wayne Ave., Suite 1210 Silver Spring, MD USA 20910-5603 Voice: 301-427-2089 ext. 19 Fax: 301-427-2073 Internet: eakin@ogp.noaa.gov From hendee@wave Sun Nov 9 18:32:40 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id SAA07784; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 18:31:26 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA16079; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 23:21:50 GMT Received: from ic.si.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id SAA16074; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 18:21:48 -0500 Received: from SIWP01-Message_Server by ic.si.edu with Novell_GroupWise; Thu, 09 Nov 1995 18:19:48 -0500 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1 Date: Thu, 09 Nov 1995 10:16:57 -0500 From: Harilaos Lessios To: santhony@mail.utexas.edu, coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Diadema spawning -Reply Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Right after new moon, as it is supposed to. Look at Lessios, 1984, Evolution, 38:1144-1148 and Lessios 1991, Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 153:27-47 for review of this literature. Haris Lessios From hendee@wave Sun Nov 9 22:38:16 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id WAA12503; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 22:34:21 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id DAA16279; Fri, 10 Nov 1995 03:22:49 GMT Received: from nicole.upd.edu.ph by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id WAA16274; Thu, 9 Nov 1995 22:22:29 -0500 Received: by nicole.upd.edu.ph (AIX 3.2/UCB 5.64/4.03) id AA07351; Fri, 10 Nov 1995 11:17:07 -1600 Received: (from andreu@localhost) by msi.upd.edu.ph (8.6.11/8.6.9) id IAA10657 for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Fri, 10 Nov 1995 08:13:29 +0800 Date: Fri, 10 Nov 1995 08:13:29 +0800 From: Andre Uychiaoco Message-Id: <199511100013.IAA10657@msi.upd.edu.ph> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: N Coral database & travel funds Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hi, we are going to start a coral database server (initially for the Philippines only) and want to make the data available to the world wide web community by search engine (e.g. something similar to online bib- liographic software)...the data are summaries of benthic cover and reef fish abundance. Could anyone give us hints on how to start making these available ? That is, what software we should be looking for. Offhand, we think dBase for UNIX seems to be a likely starting place. Next topic, does anyone know of funding a sources available for travel grants for graduate students from developing countries to get to the coral reef symposium in Panama? (That is, aside from funding availa- ble from the symposium organizers themselves.) Please send comments to andreu@u msi.upd.edu.ph From hendee@wave Thu Nov 13 07:50:18 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA02825; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 07:48:37 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA19983; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 12:28:03 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA19978; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 07:27:59 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA15304; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 07:27:58 -0500 Date: Mon, 13 Nov 1995 07:27:58 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: crown-of-thorns (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Forwarded message from Aaron Trager Gach: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sat, 11 Nov 1995 16:49:42 -0800 (PST) From: Aaron Trager Gach To: coral@coral Subject: crown-of-thorns I am hoping that somebody on your end of things might be able to help me with a little research project. I am investigating human-induced causes for the crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks on the Great Barrier Reef. I am particularly interested in predator removal, clear-cut logging/ terrestrial runoff, blasting/dredging, and/or overfishing. I'd appreciate any info or any leads you might have. Thanks - Aaron Gach From hendee@wave Thu Nov 13 18:13:15 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id SAA07295; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 18:07:29 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id WAA21218; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 22:50:20 GMT Received: from smtp.utexas.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA21213; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 17:50:16 -0500 Received: from [128.83.136.103] (oak.zo.utexas.edu [128.83.136.103]) by smtp.utexas.edu (8.6.7/8.6.6) with SMTP id QAA01919 for ; Mon, 13 Nov 1995 16:40:08 -0600 Date: Mon, 13 Nov 1995 16:40:08 -0600 Message-Id: <199511132240.QAA01919@smtp.utexas.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: santhony@mail.utexas.edu (Shelley Anthony) Subject: Diadema clarification Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hello again. Thanks to those of you who sent helpful comments on Diadema spawning. However, due to the specific nature of many of the responses I received, I think my message was misunderstood. Let me clarify. Judy Lang and I are interested in the culturing of, and potential reintroduction of, Diadema antillarum for the purpose of reef restoration ecology. At our study sites in the Bahamas (where the length of the spawning season has not been established) they are only moderately common, so we have been reluctant to test animals for reproductive maturity using the usual KCl injection method. Trying to predict when or for how long the urchins will spawn here is not necessarily a simple matter of following the lunar cycle. Spawning seasonality has been found to vary greatly throughout the range of Diadema, possibly related to other factors such as changes in water temperature or salinity (especially in higher latitudes where these factors are not as constant year-round). So basically, all I was asking was, "I saw a Diadema spawn in late October in the Great Exuma/central Bahamian area. Has anyone else seen any spawning naturally (or upon handling) recently--particularly in the northern part of the Caribbean?" I apologize for the miscommunication. Thanks, Shelley L. Anthony From hendee@manoa Fri Nov 14 10:56:10 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA07535; Tue, 14 Nov 1995 10:54:18 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA22421; Tue, 14 Nov 1995 15:30:27 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA22416; Tue, 14 Nov 1995 10:30:24 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id KAA00955; Tue, 14 Nov 1995 10:30:23 -0500 Date: Tue, 14 Nov 1995 10:30:23 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: crown-of-thorns (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 14 Nov 1995 21:14:52 +1000 From: L_DEVANTIER@AIMS.GOV.AU To: coral@coral Subject: Re: crown-of-thorns (fwd) Dear Aaron, there is a lot of information on the topics you are interested in, from published papers to videos - most is available through the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, headquarters: PO Box 1379, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia. Dr. Brian Lassig or Udo Engelhart are the people to contact. Best of luck with it, regards, Lyndon DeVantier. From hendee@wave Sat Nov 15 10:31:11 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id KAA03664; Wed, 15 Nov 1995 10:29:37 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA24227; Wed, 15 Nov 1995 14:58:28 GMT Received: from aoml.noaa.gov by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA24222; Wed, 15 Nov 1995 09:58:25 -0500 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) id JAA03118; Wed, 15 Nov 1995 09:58:22 -0500 Date: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 09:58:22 -0500 (EST) From: "James C. Hendee" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Summer Courses (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 09:16:49 -0800 (PST) From: Mike Marshall To: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Subject: marbio: Summer Courses Mote Marine Laboratory is pleased to announce that it plans to offer two summer courses at our facility in the Florida Keys. The two courses are: 1)Florida Bay/Florida Keys Ecosystems and 2) Coral Reef Ecology. The Florida Keys ecosystems course will be taught in May and the Coral Reef Course will be offered in August. We anticipate that it will be possible, as an option, to take these courses for credit through Florida State University. If you would like to receive more information about our summer courses please e-mail me directly at: . Please do not respond to the list. Thank you. Mike Marshall Course Coordinator. ============================== Michael J. Marshall list owner - MARBIO For Marbio subscribers only: *********************************************************************** To unsubscribe send a message to: containing the one line: unsubscribe marbio To receive the digest send a message to the majordomo with the one line: subscribe marbio-digest """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" Mote Marine Laboratory marshall@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Tropical Marine Ecology Program 941-388-4441/941-388-4312(fax) 1600 Thompson Parkway Sarasota, Florida 34236 USA """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" See our web page at http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Mote Marine Lab is an independent, not-for-profit research organization From hendee@wave Sun Nov 16 15:18:02 1995 Received: from VMS.DC.LSOFT.COM (vms.dc.lsoft.com [205.186.43.2]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id PAA14899 for ; Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:18:01 -0500 Message-Id: <199511162018.PAA14899@aoml.noaa.gov> Received: from PEACH.EASE.LSOFT.COM (205.186.43.4) by VMS.DC.LSOFT.COM (LSMTP for OpenVMS v1.0a) with SMTP id 4347E1E1 ; Thu, 16 Nov 1995 16:15:52 -0400 Date: Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:03:00 EST Reply-To: "Ecological Society of America: grants, jobs, news" Sender: "Ecological Society of America: grants, jobs, news" From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: Multiple recipients of list ECOLOG-L Status: RO X-Status: Greetings! The purpose of this message is to announce the existence of the Coral Health and Monitoring Program list-server. The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements among coral health researchers pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring throughout the world. The list is primarily for use by coral health researchers and scientists. Currently, about 375 researchers are subscribed to the list. Appropriate subjects for discussion might include: o bleaching events o outbreaks of coral diseases o high predation on coral reefs o environmental monitoring sites o incidences of coral spawnings o shipwrecks on reefs o international meetings and symposia o funding opportunities o job openings in coral research o marine sanctuary news o new coral-related publications o announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology o coral health initiatives o new and historical data availability o controversial topics in coral reef ecology o recent reports on coral research -- To Subscribe to the List -- If you wish to subscribe to the list, send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: subscribe coral-list -- To Un-Subscribe from the List -- To un-subscribe from the list, send e-mail to majordomo@reef.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: unsubscribe coral-list "Your Name" -- To Post a Comment or Announcement -- To post a message to the list, simply address your comments or announcements to coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov. The message will be circulated to all members of the list. The members may respond to you directly, or post their comments to the list for all to read. -- Help -- To see a list of the functions and services available from the list-server, send an e-mail message to majordomo@reef.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the body of the text: help -- Other Coral Health Related Information -- The Coral Health and Monitoring Program has a World-Wide Web Home Page at the following URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov -- Problems -- If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to drop a line to: hendee@aoml.noaa.gov. We hope you enjoy the list! Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee Louis Florit Philippe Dubosq Ocean Chemistry Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, FL 33149-1026 USA P.S. The Coral Health and Monitoring Program is a NOAA service, but because of the current budget crisis in Washington, it could be suspended at any moment. ------------ End Forwarded Message ------------- From hendee@wave Sun Nov 16 16:16:09 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id QAA15856; Thu, 16 Nov 1995 16:14:30 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id UAA26048; Thu, 16 Nov 1995 20:58:45 GMT Received: from mail06.mail.aol.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id PAA26043; Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:58:41 -0500 Received: by mail06.mail.aol.com (8.6.12/8.6.12) id PAA26407 for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:58:36 -0500 Date: Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:58:36 -0500 From: CoralReefA@aol.com Message-ID: <951116155834_108270286@mail06.mail.aol.com> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral slide show Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: To the coral-list, Do you have slides of coral reefs that could be used in an national educational slide show? If so, please read on . . . I am writing to you from CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance, a non-profit organization dedicated to coral reef conservation around the world. We are currently in the process of putting together an educational slide show and video on coral reefs that will be displayed at clubs, schools and other gatherings as a way to expand the public's understanding and appreciation of coral reefs. The slide show will be packaged in a presentation kit, complete with background materials, so that divers, teachers and other interested individuals will be able to make a presentation without any previous training in marine biology or special knowledge of coral reefs. We need slides of: healthy coral reefs, damaged reefs, bleached reefs, images of damage being done to reefs (mining, dynamite fishing etc.), aerial photographs of reef areas (especially where you can see processes such as siltation occurring) and other reef-related images. As the theme of the show is "The Underwater Rainbow," images of rainbows (especially over tropical waters) would be especially welcome. This is a great opportunity to have your slides shown nationally to a wide audience Each photographer will receive a photo credit in the show and a certificate acknowledging his/her contribution. Please send your slides ASAP. The final deadline for slide submissions is December 22, 1995. We can use originals or high quality duplicates. If you would like your slides returned, include a self-addressed stamped envelope. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to call me at (510) 528-2492, or send email to CoralReefA@aol.com. Thank you for your assistance with this important project. I hope to hear from you soon. Stephen Colwell CORAL Executive Director CoralReefA@aol.com From hendee@wave Mon Nov 17 07:44:54 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA13968; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 07:42:24 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA27089; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 12:31:08 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA27084; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 07:31:04 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA11597; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 07:31:04 -0500 Date: Fri, 17 Nov 1995 07:31:03 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Lectureships - University of Melbourne (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: This position posting may be of interest to coral researchers: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 16 Nov 1995 13:53:00 EST From: Mick Keough To: Multiple recipients of list ECOLOG-L Subject: Lectureships - University of Melbourne LECTURESHIPS IN ZOOLOGY The Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Australia, invites applicants with an appropriate doctoral degree to fill two continuing (i.e., tenurable) lectureships. The Department of Zoology has 19 Academic and 14 support staff. Research interests range from the structure and function of single cells through to the ecology, reproduction development and evolution of animals. The department has particular strength and expertise in reproduction and development, evolutionary biology, behavioural and marine ecology, bioacoustics, invertebrate neuroethology and the physiology of the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems of vertebrates. The university is in a large city in southeastern Australia, and departmental facilities include: an electron microscope and histology unit, a marsupial breeding colony, molecular biology facilities, closed-system marine aquarium, a research boat, field stations on Phillip Island and at Queenscliff, several field vehicles, and extensive computing and multi-media facilities. The Department has a vigorous research programme and seeks applicants with an outstanding research profile. Experience in any aspect of molecular biology is desirable. The successful applicants will be responsible to the Head of Department, Professor Marilyn Renfree, and will participate in teaching first, second and third year Zoology courses; develop active research programmes to attract postgraduate students, and external research funding. Lecturer in Zoology (Reference No. Y9400551) The successful applicant will have experience in the study of the biology of Australian Native Fauna. This position is available from 1.7.1996 Lecturer in Zoology (Reference No. Y6540080) The successful applicant will have experience in the field(s) of animal behaviour, evolutionary biology or marine biology. This position is available from 1.1.1996. Salary within the range $42,198-$50,111 p.a. (Lecturer). Further information can be obtained from: Professor Marilyn Renfree, Department of Zoology. Phone: +61 3 9344 6259 Fax: +61 3 9344 7909 General information about the department and the university can be found on the Zoology Department's home page at : http://hermes.ucs.unimelb.edu.au/~U6545365/ or the University's home page at: http://www.unimelb.edu.au/ Closing date: 12 December, 1995. Applications (including the names and facsimile numbers of 3 referees) should quote the appropriate reference number and be sent to the Director, Personnel Services, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia (fax +61 3 9344 4694). Please address the selection criteria for both positions if you wish to be considered for both. The University of Melbourne is an equal opportunty employer and has a smoke-free workplace policy. ============================================================ SELECTION CRITERIA LECTURER IN ZOOLOGY (Ref Y9400551) The following criteria will be used in selecting for the position of Lecturer in Zoology (Native Vertebrate Fauna). Essential 1. A PhD or equivalent qualification in Zoology or related field, and a high level of research productivity in some aspect of the biology of Australian native vertebrate fauna. 2. Evidence of ability to establish a research programme and to make vigorous efforts to attract outside funding. 3. Tertiary-level teaching experience and/or evidence of excellent teaching skills. 4. Preparedness to contribute to the teaching of Biology and Zoology; including course design, administration and co-ordination, lecturing and practical teaching, assessment and advising students. 5. Ability to operate as a team teacher. 6. Preparedness to supervise the programmes of Honours and postgraduate students. 7. A commitment to contribute to the administrative and community interaction functions of the Department. Desirable 8. Research interests that complement those of one or more of the research groups in the department. 9. Experience in field work and/or expertise in molecular biology. 10. Experience in supervision of research students. 11. Experience in applying for and operating research grants. LECTURER IN ZOOLOGY (Ref Y6540080) The following criteria will be used in selecting for the position of Lecturer in Zoology (Animal Behaviour, Evolutionary Biology or Marine Biology). Essential 1. A PhD or equivalent qualification in Zoology or related field, and a high level of research productivity in the area of animal behaviour, evolutionary biology or marine biology. 2. Evidence of ability to establish a research programme and to make vigorous efforts to attract outside funding. 3. Tertiary-level teaching experience and/or evidence of excellent teaching skills. 4. Preparedness to contribute to the teaching of Biology and Zoology; including course design, administration and co-ordination, lecturing and practical teaching, assessment and advising students. 5. Ability to operate as a team teacher. 6. Preparedness to supervise the programmes of Honours and postgraduate students. 7. A commitment to contribute to the administrative and community interaction functions of the Department. Desirable 8. Research interests that complement those of one or more of the research groups in the department. Some preference may be given to a vertebrate biologist. 9. Experience in field work and/or expertise in molecular biology. 10. Experience in supervision of research students. 11. Experience in applying for and operating research grants. ------------ End Forwarded Message ------------- From hendee@wave Mon Nov 17 08:58:42 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id IAA15232; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 08:56:42 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA27179; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 13:43:59 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA27174; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 08:43:57 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id IAA11716; Fri, 17 Nov 1995 08:43:56 -0500 Date: Fri, 17 Nov 1995 08:43:56 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Upcoming ICRI Regional Workshops Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following information (plus more) is from Progress Report #4 of the International Coral Reef Initiative, and may be found at URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/icri/icri.html ============ Upcoming Regional Workshops The International Coral Reef Initiative is organizing workshops in all relevant regions. The schedule is outlined below: South Asian Seas - 11/29 - 12/3, Maldives. Contact: Ian Dight (UNEP-Nairobi), Phone: 254-2 622022, Fax: 254-2-622788. Pacific - 11/27 - 12/1, Fiji. Contact: Andrew Smith (SPREP-Western Samoa) - Phone: 685-91 929, Fax: 685-20231, E-mail: sprep@pactok.peg.apc.org. Red Sea and Gulf - January 1996, Egypt. Contact: John Wilson, (USAID-US) 1-703-875-4062, Fax: 1703-875-4639, E-mail: JWilson@USAID.gov. Western Indian Ocean/Eastern Africa - Seychelles. Contact: Ian Dight, Phone: 254-2-622022, Fax: 254-2622788/Jean-Pierre Le Danff (France), Phone: 33-1-4219- 17-40, Fax: 33- 1 -42- 19- 17 72. East Asian Seas - February 1996, location to be announced. Contact: Reza Amini (UNEP EAS/RCU-Bangkok), Phone: 66-2-200-1234, Fax: 66-2-267-8008 or Ian Dight. From hendee@wave Tue Nov 18 11:58:01 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA22260; Sat, 18 Nov 1995 11:55:36 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA28754; Sat, 18 Nov 1995 14:47:33 GMT Received: from back.vims.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA28749; Sat, 18 Nov 1995 09:47:02 -0500 Received: from (VS.vims.EDU [139.70.2.120]) by back.vims.edu (8.6.12/) with SMTP id JAA00413 for ; Sat, 18 Nov 1995 09:46:47 -0500 Received: by (4.1/) id AA29513 for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Sat, 18 Nov 95 09:46:47 EST Date: Sat, 18 Nov 1995 09:46:46 -0500 (EST) From: David Niebuhr To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Turbidity data base? Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear Colleagues: The most recent edition of "Coral Reefs" (v.14, no.3, 1995) included a paper by Larcombe, et al. (Factors controlling suspended sediment on inner-shelf coral reefs, Townsville, Australia; pp.163-171) which focused on the analysis of a four month measurement of SSC. Is anyone aware of other long-term turbidity data sets for regions associated with coral reefs? David Niebuhr niebuhr@vims.edu 804-642-7144 804-642-7120 fax School of Marine Science/ Virginia Institute of Marine Science P.O. Box 1346 Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA From hendee@wave Fri Nov 21 09:06:37 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA25698; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 09:05:50 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA02211; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 14:03:04 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA02206; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 09:03:02 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id JAA21397; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 09:03:01 -0500 Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 09:03:01 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: nitrates on corals Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sun, 19 Nov 95 12:09:11 EST From: Tom Guilderson To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program For those on the list in the U.S. - Did anyone happen to catch the program this past week either on the "Discovery Channel" or "The Learning Channel" or perhaps even "NOVA" which dealt with the effects of increased nitrate concentration on coral health? I did not catch the program but learned of it from a friend. It was a progress report of a long term study where they are elevating the nitrate concentration on several small "micro-atolls" daily (they also have controls where they aren't doing anything). The end result is that the increase in nitrate isn't resulting in enhanced blue-green algae activity, but a significant decrease in coral growth. They plan on increasing the nitrate "spike" by a factor of 10 next season. If any knows of this project, I'd be interested in catching up on it, as well as perhaps tracking down a VHS copy of the show. Thanks in advance, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This message is from: Tom Guilderson tguild@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Palisades, NY 10964 USA phone: (914)365-8411 fax: (914)365-8154 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Fri Nov 21 22:44:41 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id WAA03997; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 22:43:54 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id DAA03728; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 03:40:11 GMT Received: from curly.cc.utexas.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id WAA03723; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 22:40:07 -0500 Received: from [128.83.113.163] (slip-50-3.ots.utexas.edu [128.83.113.163]) by curly.cc.utexas.edu (8.6.11/8.6.11/cc-uts-1.11) with SMTP id VAA13871 for ; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 21:39:57 -0600 Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 21:39:57 -0600 Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: jlang@uts.cc.utexas.edu (Judith C. Lang) Subject: Yet another bleaching note Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A For those who haven't yet already heard: Mass bleaching (once again) has occurred around Lee Stocking Island, Exuma Cays on the eastern margin of Great Bahama Bank, in the central Bahamas---in response, we suspect, to a brief warming period during the second half of September. Affected corals have been seen to depths of about 40m, but not at "submersible depths" (60 to 90 m) on the deep fore reef. As in previous events (1987, 1990, 1993), reef corals on a shallow (4 - 6 m), leeward patch reef (Rainbow Gardens) were affected more severely than conspecifics at a nearby, shallow (3m), exposed fore reef (Normans fringing reef--S end). Ambient flow is strong after high tides at Rainbow Gardens, while the reverse is true at Normans. We have previously suggested (Lang, Lauderdale, Crawford, Dennis, Wicklund and Hayes, unpubl. Abstract) that the Rainbow Gardens reef is more susceptible to bleaching because it's relatively more exposed to the warm, saline underflows that move off the Bank at low tides during the summer and early autumn. There's a thermograph on each reef, and the data have been downloaded but aren't yet analyzed, Judy Lang, with thanks to Ouida Meier, George Dennis, Shelley Anthony and Heinz Proft. From hendee@wave Fri Nov 21 09:06:52 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA25655; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 09:04:56 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA02194; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 13:52:42 GMT Received: from ic.si.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA02189; Tue, 21 Nov 1995 08:52:40 -0500 Received: from SIWP01-Message_Server by ic.si.edu with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 20 Nov 1995 18:19:51 -0500 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1 Date: Mon, 20 Nov 1995 17:38:20 -0500 From: "Knowlton Lab." To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: new subscription Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Greetings, I am interested in a NEW SUBSCRIPTION to this list server. I am currently working on Montastraea corals at the STRI Naos Marine Laboratory under Dr. Nancy Knowlton (full address below) and would like to become more familiar with coral reef research. Thanks for any information you may send this way. Sincerely yours, Jose V. Lopez, Ph.D. STRI, Unit 0948 APO AA 34002-0948 Fax: 011-507-228-0516 PH: 011-507-228-4022 From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:39:38 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA26825; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:37:00 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04201; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 12:34:39 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA04196; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:34:37 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13357; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:34:37 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:34:37 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: 21 Nov 95 11:32:35 EST From: Anthony J. Hooten <76260.2413@compuserve.com> To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: nitrates on corals Tom: My name is Andy Hooten. I work as an independent consultant in the Washington D.C. area. Coral reefs were my academic background, and even though there are not very many here in Washington, I have recently been doing work at the World Bank re: some conservation work with reefs. I have not seen the film, but am aware of the research. You can get more information about the work by contacting Graeme Kelleher, former director of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. He will probably forward contact information to you of the researchers conducting the study. An address to forward a request to him is: c/o The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Braddon ACT 2601 Australia FAX: 41-22-999-0025 You can also possibly get a message to him through a colleague of his, Chris Bleakley at the GBRMPA at C.Bleakley@gbrmpa.gov.au. You should also be aware of other recent research by Peter Spencer Davies who seems to have found that NITRITE does cause rapid growth responses with zooxanthellae, and can certainly be transported in groundwater upwellings throughout the Caribbean (see D'Elia et al. 1981. Bull. Mar. Sci. 31 (4): 903-910.) He and Francesca Marubini conducted research in Barbados and recently reported the findings in an abstract at the Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry in Vancouver, B.C. Week before last. Apparently, zooxanthellae production went up, and coral growth rates went down. AJH; Phone/fax: 301-942-8839 / From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:41:31 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA26802; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:36:48 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04216; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 12:35:46 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA04211; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:44 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13368; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:44 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:44 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: nitrates on corals (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 17:43:49 +0100 (MEZ) From: Dr. Goetz Reinicke To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Re: nitrates on corals Dear collegue, Your request sounds like the ENCORE experiments on One Tree Island. Ask Dr. E.A. Drew at AIMS, Townsville Australia. Best regards Goetz Reinicke From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:44:10 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA26827; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:37:00 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04194; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 12:33:24 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA04189; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:33:20 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13352; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:33:20 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:33:19 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: nitrates on corals (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 16:10:26 +0000 (GMT) From: Nicholas Polunin To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Re: nitrates on corals I believe this is the ENCORE project of Tony Larkum at Sydney University, Australia. Nick Nicholas Polunin (Dr) Department of Marine Sciences University of Newcastle NE1 7RU UK From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:44:40 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA26829; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:37:01 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04208; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 12:35:15 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA04203; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:14 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13362; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:13 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:13 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: nitrates on corals (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 11:51:12 -0500 (EST) From: John Ogden To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Re: nitrates on corals This is the ENCORE experiment at One Tree Island operated by the University of Sydney. Contact Tony Larkum or Ove Hoegh-Guldberg. John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:49:08 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA27001; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:42:54 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04235; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 12:42:39 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA04230; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:42:38 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13395; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:42:37 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:42:37 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: nitrates on corals (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: 21 Nov 1995 14:34:58 -0600 From: Paul Sammarco To: Coral Health and Monitoring Pr Subject: Re: nitrates on corals Reply to: RE>nitrates on corals Dear Tom, This work is being conducted by Tony Larkum at the University of Sydney. The research is being done on One Tree Island in the southern region of the Great Barrier Reef. Tony is in the Department of Botany. Pat Hutchings from the Australian Museum, Curator of Worms, Sydney is a collaborator on the project. There are others as well. I am not aware of any TV specials on the topic, but such wouldn't surprise me. Australia loves making specials on scientific research. Hope this helps. Best wishes, Paul W. Sammarco From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:52:03 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA27101; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:44:40 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA04258; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 12:44:19 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA04253; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:44:18 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13406; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:44:17 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:44:17 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: nitrates on corals (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 08:57:10 +1000 From: Tony Larkum To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Subject: Re: nitrates on corals This sounds as if it may have been a rehash of some material about our ENCORE programm at One Tree Island (GBR). Are you familiar with the ENCORE program? If not Andy Steven can send you information. Prof Tony Larkum University of Sydney NSW 2006 alark@extro.ucc.su.oz.au Ph (02) 351 2069 Fax (02) 351 4771 From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 09:40:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA28662; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:34:30 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id OAA04483; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 14:21:55 GMT Received: from amalia.rz.uni-frankfurt.de by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id JAA04478; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:21:41 -0500 Received: from rz.uni-frankfurt.de by buff.rz.uni-frankfurt.de id <42227-0@buff.rz.uni-frankfurt.de>; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 14:58:39 +0000 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 14:58:38 +0100 (TZ=CET) From: Gektidis@em.uni-frankfurt.de To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: nitrates on corals In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: QUOTED-PRINTABLE Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hy tom, this is marcos Gektidis from Frankfurt , Germany.=20 The report probably dealt with the ENCORE - project on One Tree Island,=20 Australia. I' m currently involved in that project. Several Microatolls=20 on One Tree Reef are "poisoned" with an elevated nutrient level. There=20 are N-, P-, and N plus P- injektions. The ENCORE-programm runs already=20 since 1994 but the elevated nutrient - doses proved too small. This will=20 be changed next year. For more information, please contact me: marcos gektidis geologisch-pal=E4ontologisches institut senckenberg - anlage 32 60054 frankfurt am main germany e-mail: gektidis@em.uni-frankfurt.de fax: 0049 69 79822958 On Tue, 21 Nov 1995, Coral Health and Monitoring Program wrote: > ---------- Forwarded message ---------- > Date: Sun, 19 Nov 95 12:09:11 EST > From: Tom Guilderson > To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program >=20 > For those on the list in the U.S. - >=20 > Did anyone happen to catch the program this past week either on the > "Discovery Channel" or "The Learning Channel" or perhaps even "NOVA" whic= h > dealt with the effects of increased nitrate concentration on coral health= ?=20 > I did not catch the program but learned of it from a friend. It was a > progress report of a long term study where they are elevating the nitrate > concentration on several small "micro-atolls" daily (they also have > controls where they aren't doing anything). The end result is that the > increase in nitrate isn't resulting in enhanced blue-green algae activity= , > but a significant decrease in coral growth. They plan on increasing the > nitrate "spike" by a factor of 10 next season. >=20 > If any knows of this project, I'd be interested in catching up on it, as > well as perhaps tracking down a VHS copy of the show. >=20 > Thanks in advance, > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > This message is from: >=20 > Tom Guilderson > tguild@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu >=20 > Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory > Palisades, NY 10964 USA >=20 > phone: (914)365-8411 > fax: (914)365-8154 > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ >=20 >=20 From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 17:43:00 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA05355; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 17:38:37 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id WAA05619; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 22:32:06 GMT Received: from gatewy.worldbank.org by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id RAA05614; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 17:31:54 -0500 Received: from mb.worldbank.org by worldbank.org (PMDF V5.0-5 #7413) id <01HXYA1OTX800058SX@worldbank.org>; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 17:27:02 -0500 (EST) Received: with PMDF-MR; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 22:32:09 +0000 (GMT) MR-Received: by mta NEPTN; Relayed; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 22:32:09 +0000 MR-Received: by mta GATEWY; Relayed; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 22:26:55 +0000 Alternate-recipient: prohibited Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 21:41:55 +0000 (GMT) From: Herman Cesar 85759 Subject: fish yields from coral reefs In-reply-to: To: SOFIA BETTENCOURT Cc: Coral Health and Monitoring Program , coral-list Message-id: <"B147ZWAUP1Y01*/R=WBWASH/R=A1/U=HERMAN CESAR/"@MHS> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Posting-date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 22:32:00 +0000 (GMT) Importance: normal Priority: normal UA-content-id: B147ZWAUP1Y01 X400-MTS-identifier: [;90232222115991/808278@WBWASH] A1-type: MAIL Hop-count: 2 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear coral-list, My name is Herman Cesar. I work on the economic analysis on the coral reef management project (COREMAP) that the World Bank is assisting with in Indonesia. I am looking at different threats of reefs in Indonesia (blast fishing; cyanide fishing, coral mining, sedimentation, overfishing) from an economic point of view. I would like to get data on these issues to get an idea of the costs of destructive practives to society and of the possible benefits of sustainable management of coral reefs in Indonesia. I have gathered quite some data on prices of fish/invertebrates, etc. and on the live fish trade. However I lack knowledge and data on fishery productivity on reefs. I am an economist and I am mostly interested in very rough figures for broad averages for fisheries in Indonesia/Philippines. The questions that I have are: 1) If I have a sustainable yield of a coral reef (slope), what is the composition (in kg.) of a maximum sustainable harvest of reef-related fish (including small pelagics caught on the reef slope) for areas like Indonesia? The categories are: -finfish for local consumption/local market (rabbitfish, parrots, surgeons,etc.) -finfish for large restaurants, (live-fish) export (groupers, Nap. wrasse, etc.) -aquarium fish (how many pieces?) 2) If I have a sustainable yield of a coral flat (corals, seagrass, sand), what is the composition (in kg.) of a maximum sustainable harvest of reef-related fishery for areas like Indonesia? The categories are: x finfish -finfish for local consumption/local market (rabbitfish, parrots, surgeons,etc.) -finfish for large restaurants, (live-fish) export (groupers, Nap. wrasse, etc.) -aquarium fish x invertebrates -sea-cucmuber -trochus -giant clams -lobster -others x algae -seaweed x others 3) I take for finfish on reef slopes an average maximum sustainable yield of 10-20 mt/km2/year for reefs with high coral cover and little stress. This seems to be in line with the literature (Russ, Alcala, McManus, Yap, Gomez, etc.) from reefs in the Indo-Pacific (much higher than in the Caribbean). Given this number, what would be the MSY for reef-flats with a mix of coral/ seagrass/ sand? 4) What is the time-frame of recovery of the fishery for areas severely damaged by blasting or by cyanide fishing? If you have any rough data on this for Indonesia/Philippines/etc., I would appreciate these very much, Herman Cesar -------------------------------- Herman Cesar World Bank (EA3AG) tel: x-(202)-4585759 fax: x-(202)-5221674 e-mail: hcesar@worldbank.org From hendee@wave Thu Nov 27 07:43:27 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA11292; Mon, 27 Nov 1995 07:42:41 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA11220; Mon, 27 Nov 1995 12:30:09 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA11215; Mon, 27 Nov 1995 07:30:07 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA24405; Mon, 27 Nov 1995 07:30:06 -0500 Date: Mon, 27 Nov 1995 07:30:06 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Bonaire Bleaching (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Forwarded message from Al Strong: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:03:31 -0500 (EST) From: John Ware To: strong@nadn.navy.mil Subject: Bonaire Bleaching Dear Al, You may add Bonaire to your list of Caribbean sites which are currently undergoing extensive coral bleaching. My observations took place during my vacation from 24 to 31 October. Local divers stated that the bleaching began approximately 3 weeks earlier and water temperatures were reported to be approximately 91 oF (33 oC). During the period I was there temperatures were 84 1/2 to 85 1/2 oF (about 29 oC) with a 80 oF (about 27 oC) thermocline at 125 feet (38 m). Unfortunately, I was not equipped to take quantitative data, the following is from my notes and photographic records. In the depth range 40 ft to 10 ft Montastrea annularis (all forms) were bleached extensively, virtually every colony was completely bleached. Some Porites porites were also bleached. Agarcia sp (lamarcki?) were bleached to at least 130 feet. Siderastrea sidera were bleached from 20 ft to at least 100 ft. Large colonies of Madracis mirabilis were unbleached and looked like islands of color in a sea of white. I saw no Acropora sp bleached nor were any Milleporids bleached. There was occasional, perhaps 25%, bleaching of Diploria sp. and Colpophyllia natans. Some soft corals also appeared to be bleached. Some of the corals appeared to be recovering color but others were beginning to be overgrown by algae. In addition, a small fraction, perhaps 1 - 2 percent, of M.annularis had developed black band disease as did a few colonies of C.natans. I will return to Bonaire in January and should be able to compare wide angle photos before and after. John Ware Computer Sciences Corp. 1301 Piccard Dr. Rockville, MD USA 301 670-2268 jware1@csc.com From hendee@wave Fri Nov 28 13:53:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id NAA22765; Tue, 28 Nov 1995 13:50:09 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA13459; Tue, 28 Nov 1995 18:33:04 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA13454; Tue, 28 Nov 1995 13:33:03 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id NAA16366; Tue, 28 Nov 1995 13:33:02 -0500 Date: Tue, 28 Nov 1995 13:33:01 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Funding Opportunities In-Reply-To: <199511212001.UAA22686@coral> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Forwarded message regarding funding opportunity: ================================================ From: Dr. Andy Hudson, Executive Director, CFR @ Earthwatch (ahudson@earthwatch.org) I wanted to take this opportunity to provide you and other staff at the Coral Health and Monitoring Program with information about field research grants available through the Center for Field Research at Earthwatch. Please feel free to review and/or link to our home page with proposal guidelines and application materials at: http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/cfr.html and Coral Reef Requests for Proposals at: http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/CFRcoral.html Please feel free to share this information with staff at the Coral Health Program. Don't hesitate to phone or e-mail me if you or your colleagues have any questions about Earthwatch grants or the application process. I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Dr. Andy Hudson Executive Director The Center for Field Research at EARTHWATCH ------------------------------------------------------------ Server protocol: HTTP/1.0 Remote host: 192.233.146.253 Remote IP address: 192.233.146.253 From hendee@wave Sat Nov 29 18:22:32 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id SAA03491; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 18:18:32 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id XAA15378; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 23:07:24 GMT Received: from gatewy.worldbank.org by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id SAA15373; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 18:07:17 -0500 Received: from mb.worldbank.org by worldbank.org (PMDF V5.0-5 #7413) id <01HY83ARO2A80070JQ@worldbank.org> for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 18:02:12 -0500 (EST) Received: with PMDF-MR; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 23:07:45 +0000 (GMT) MR-Received: by mta NEPTN; Relayed; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 23:07:45 +0000 MR-Received: by mta GATEWY; Relayed; Wed, 29 Nov 1995 23:02:08 +0000 Alternate-recipient: prohibited Date: Wed, 29 Nov 1995 22:45:27 +0000 (GMT) From: Herman Cesar 85759 Subject: questions reef fish and invertebrates In-reply-to: To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Message-id: <"B481ZWBBPWGNF*/R=WBWASH/R=A1/U=HERMAN CESAR/"@MHS> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Posting-date: Wed, 29 Nov 1995 23:07:00 +0000 (GMT) Importance: normal Priority: normal UA-content-id: B481ZWBBPWGNF X400-MTS-identifier: [;54703292115991/877517@WBWASH] A1-type: MAIL Hop-count: 2 Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: All coral list subscribers, Thanks very much for the many reactions. I have some more questions: First, I am trying to contact Mark Erdmann who has done some very interesting work on coral reef ecology. Does anyone know his e-mail or other address? Secondly, I am looking at some issues related to the poison fish trade. My questions are (please allow my ignorance as an economist): If fishermen go to a prestine untouched and unfished area, what would be the average biomass of groupers (especially Epinephelus spp., Plectropomus spp. and Cephalopholis spp.) and of Napoleon wrasses (Cheilinus Undulatus) per square kilometer of reef? What would be the average sustainable yield of these groupers and N.wrasses? When do they obtain sexual maturity? (At which bodyweight is that? Are groupers of 800 grams sexually mature? Thirdly, I am trying to guess the total area of coral reefs in Indonesia (e.g. at 20 phantom (37 m; 110 ft.). For the Philippines are have data ranging from 25 to 33 thousand km2. I have an estimate for the whole of East Asia of around 180,000 km2. Would 100,000 km2 for Indonesia be a good guess? Fourthy, does anyone know something of sustainable yield of invertebrates? I would like to know sustainable yield per km2 of sea-cucumbers, trochus, giant clams, lobsters, etc. By the way, if people are interested in receiving a copy of the report on the economics of coral reef destruction in Indonesia when it is ready and has become official (early next year hopefully; working paper), please let me know. Thanks in advance, Herman Cesar From hendee@wave Sat Nov 22 07:38:40 1995 Received: from coral (coral.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.19]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA26941 for ; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:38:39 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA13384; Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:38:46 -0500 Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:38:45 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: "James C. Hendee" Subject: Available Field Research Grants Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Status: RO X-Status: ahudson@earthwatch.org (Dr. Andrew Hudson) sent the following comment: ------------------------------------------------------------ To: Jim Hendee, Philippe Dubosq From: Andy Hudson, Executive Director, CFR @ Earthwatch I wanted to take this opportunity to provide you and other staff at the Coral Health and Monitoring Program with information about field research grants available through the Center for Field Research at Earthwatch. Please feel free to review and/or link to our home page with proposal guidelines and application materials at: http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/cfr.html and Coral Reef Requests for Proposals at: http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/CFRcoral.html Please feel free to share this information with staff at the Coral Health Program. Don't hesitate to phone or e-mail me if you or your colleagues have any questions about Earthwatch grants or the application process. I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Dr. Andy Hudson Executive Director The Center for Field Research at EARTHWATCH From hendee@wave Fri Dec 5 07:01:17 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA21586; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 07:00:10 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id LAA22823; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 11:49:35 GMT Received: from emout05.mail.aol.com by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id GAA22818; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 06:49:32 -0500 Received: by emout05.mail.aol.com (8.6.12/8.6.12) id GAA29308 for coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 06:49:17 -0500 Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 06:49:17 -0500 From: PHrank2139@aol.com Message-ID: <951205064916_125365004@emout05.mail.aol.com> To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: CAUZ network Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: FORWARDED MESSAGE The Consortium of Aquariums, Universities and Zoos [C.A.U.Z. for Worldwide Conservation] This international network was formed ten years ago in response to the perceived need to facilitate communication between university scientists and educators and their counterparts in zoos and aquariums. While many people at these institutions have shared interests and may even be studying the same species, the sharing of data and collaboration on projects between university scientists and zoo/aquarium professionals has been relatively rare, especially when their institutions are in different countries. Those who become part of the C.A.U.Z. Network share information on their interests in specific taxonomic groups (e.g., Order Sphenisciformes), their general interests (e.g., penguin ecology), and their current projects (e.g., field studies of the Humboldt penguin). Information from the C.A.U.Z. database is published in annual directories and also appears on its site on the World-Wide Web: http://www.fhcrc.org/~ialwww/CAUZ/CAUZ.html This database is a searchable online. A keyword search for "penguin" can find Ed Diebold, the Director of Animal Collections at the Riverbanks Zoological Park in Columbia, South Carolina, who studies Humboldt penguins in Chile. Ed is also involved in trumpeter swan recovery and piping plover egg rescue and is part of organized zoo efforts in the captive propagation of raptors. Keyword searches also reveal addresses, phone and fax numbers and email addresses (if available). [Email addresses in the C.A.U.Z. database are "hot" so that one can contact a person by email with a "mouse click" without leaving our Web Site.] Collaborations made possible by the C.A.U.Z. Network can contribute greatly to international conservation initiatives. Those involved in wildlife research and conservation, restoration ecology, captive propagation of endangered species, wildlife rehabilitation and reintroduction, and veterinary medicine (esp. with exotic species) who wish to become part of the C.A.U.Z. Network can contact its Coordinator: Donna FitzRoy Hardy, Ph.D. Professor of Psychology California State Univ., Northridge Northridge, California 91330 USA Phone:(818) 885-4970 (or 885-2827 for messages) Fax: (818) 885-2829 Email: dhardy@huey.csun.edu C.A.U.Z. Web Site: http://www.fhcrc.org/~ialwww/CAUZ/CAUZ.html From hendee@wave Fri Dec 5 11:33:50 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA25434; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 11:31:18 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA23217; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 16:16:59 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA23212; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 11:16:57 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA22897; Tue, 5 Dec 1995 11:16:56 -0500 Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 11:16:56 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: NURC Lab on ABC Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Forwarded from Marine Biology List-Server: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 05 Dec 1995 10:26:50 +0005 From: Andy Shepard To: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us Subject: marbio: ABCs 20/20 On Friday December 15, ABCs 20/20 will feature an interview between Hugh Downs and Dr. Sylvia Earle from inside the Aquarius undersea laboratory, sitting at 20 meters depth off Key Largo, FL . The laboratory is run by NOAA's National Undersea Research Center at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. Aquanauts are doing reef related research on the outer reef tract to depths of 40 m. For more information on Center support of diving research see www.uncwil.edu/sys$disk1/cmsr/nurcwlcm.html or call 910-256-5133. ************************* Andrew Shepard Science Director (S. Atl. Bight/Gulf of Mexico regions) Natl. Undersea Research Center Univ. of NC at Wilmington 7205 Wrightsville Ave. Wilmington, NC 28403-7224 1-800-862-9872 fax 1-910-256-8856 shepard@nurc.cmsr.uncwil.edu ************************ From hendee@wave Sat Dec 6 09:35:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id JAA26908; Wed, 6 Dec 1995 09:34:06 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id NAA25348; Wed, 6 Dec 1995 13:52:45 GMT Received: from hk.super.net by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id IAA25343; Wed, 6 Dec 1995 08:52:38 -0500 Received: from is1.hk.super.net (root@is1.hk.super.net [202.14.67.232]) by hk.super.net (8.7.1/8.7.1) with ESMTP id VAA13919 for ; Wed, 6 Dec 1995 21:52:19 +0800 (HKT) Received: from 202.64.12.47 (slip318.hk.super.net [202.64.12.47]) by is1.hk.super.net (8.7.1/8.7.1) with SMTP id VAA20768 for ; Wed, 6 Dec 1995 21:52:15 +0800 (HKT) Date: Wed, 6 Dec 1995 21:52:15 +0800 (HKT) Message-Id: <199512061352.VAA20768@is1.hk.super.net> From: gregorh@hk.super.net Subject: Vacancies To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov X-Mailer: AIR Mail 3.X (SPRY, Inc.) Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Date: Sat, 2 Dec 1995 00:50:32 -0500 From: PUISHAN@aol.com Subject: Vacancies I am writing with a request for suitable personnel for the following two posts for UNDP: =0D 1) A "Media Advisor" to work in Cambodia for 11 months for the 3 year ET= AP - Environmental Technical Assistance Programme". His/Her main duty will be= to assist the Government and NGOs to develop environmental education / publi= c awareness promotional materials; mainly TV programmes, films, radio shows= , performances, etc. The person should have a degree & experience in relat= ed fields & preferably work experience in Asia. UNOPS - Office of Project Services is trying very hard to find somebody to begin the job in January= =2E = =0D 2) A "Marine Expert" for a regional project for Vietnam, Cambodia, Thail= and and Laos. The project had a major terrestrial component, the key objectiv= e of which is to promote regional cooperations in nature conservation; involvi= ng transboundary protected areas, regional dialogue/networking, cooperation = in research, training, etc. The Marine Expert will be given a short contrac= t of 3 months to initiate dialogue among the countries and recommend possible cooperations. Biodiversity hotspot areas will be identified through consultation with existing literature and national experts; except for Cambodia where marine studies are especially limited and hence will necessitate some field assessment. The person should hold a M.Sc degree = (or higher) on marine sciences & be experienced in marine conservation, prote= cted areas, policies, and preferably with work experience in the project countries. = =0D I would be really grateful if you could spread the word around and assist= us find potential candidates for the above two projects. If you do find an interesting party, please give him/her my email address puishan@aol.com = or ask them to write directly to: =0D Mr Roger Aertgeerts Senior Project Management Officer UNOPS Fax: 1-212-906 6501 Em: roger.aertgeerts@undp.org =0D Many thanks & regards, Catherine Cheung RBAS, UNDP =0D = --PART.BOUNDARY.0.27553.mail04.mail.aol.com.817883427-- <---- End Included Message ----> From hendee@wave Sun Dec 7 11:39:39 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA07476; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:37:44 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA00231; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 16:15:30 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA00226; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:15:28 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA06826; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:15:28 -0500 Date: Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:15:27 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: RE: questions reef fish and invertebrates (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: These messages (two in one) are herewith forwarded: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 18:44:37 +0100 From: HOLTHUS Paul Subject: RE: fish yields from coral reefs Herman, I have just left The Nature Conservancy's Asia/Pacific program to join the IUCN marine programme. You may want to contact TNC Indonesia office re. the work of Bob Johannes and Mike Riepen on the life reef fish trade. Re. reef recovery from damage, the short answer is 20-30 years or more. The long answer depends on a lot of extrenuating human and natural circumstances. There is a fair bit of literature on reef recovery which I hope some other respondents have referred you to. I will be interested to hear more of your results. Paul Holthus IUCN ---------- Sent: mercredi, 22. novembre 1995 22,41 To: SOFIA BETTENCOURT; pfh Cc: Coral Health and Monitoring Program; coral-list Subject: fish yields from coral reefs ======== ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 18:48:14 +0100 From: HOLTHUS Paul To: "C=Ch; A=400net; P=Switch; O=switch; OU1=chx400; DDA.TYPE=RFC-822; DDA.VALUE=owner-coral-list(a)reef.aoml.erl.gov" Subject: RE: questions reef fish and invertebrates Herman, further to my earlier e mail. Contact Dr Bob Richmond at the University of Guam on sea cucumber harvest levels: richmond@uog.edu Please send the report on economics of coral reef destruction in Indonesia. Thanks. Paul Holthus ---------- From hendee@wave Sun Dec 7 11:40:30 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA07472; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:37:41 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA00223; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 16:13:06 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA00217; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:13:03 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA06820; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:13:02 -0500 Date: Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:13:02 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: rejoinders Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Greetings, If you have a remark to post to the coral-list in response to a message that was posted, please be advised that you should send your remark to: coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov which is the list of coral-list readers. If you just REPLY to a message posted by us (coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov), who are members of NOAA/AOML's Coral Health and Monitoring Program (the originators and administrators of the list), your message may not get posted right away because we will have to read the message, then forward it on to coral-list@reef.aoml.noaa.gov, which is an automated process. We appreciate your cooperation. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to ask. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Sun Dec 7 11:42:59 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA07459; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:37:35 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA00273; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 16:19:54 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA00268; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:19:53 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id LAA06835; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:19:52 -0500 Date: Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:19:52 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: RE: questions reef fish and invertebrates (fwd) Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Forwarded to coral-list: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 06 Dec 1995 14:29:00 -0800 (PST) From: John McManus To: owner-coral-list Subject: RE: questions reef fish and invertebrates TO : Herman Cesar FROM : John McManus DATE : December 6, 1995 Dear Herman, The area figure of 100,000 km2 for coral reefs in Indonesia is probably a good estimate, and one which we and others have arrived at by various, very crude means. It means that Indonesia covers about 17% of the world's reefs (plus or minus 5%). The invertebrate production of reefs vary tremendously depending on conditions and what people gather. A few studies indicate that the production might equal that of fish production in areas where many species are gathered. Thus, a working figure of 15mt/km2/yr (plus or minus 5) might be appropriate for Indonesia, but only for shallow areas near land which are accessible. Thus, what is actually harvested for invertebrates is less than the harvest potential, unlike fin-fisheries which are mostly overharvested in Southeast Asia. Note also that octupos on reef slopes are often major fisheries, particularly when fish have been overharvested. The big problem with invertebrate fisheries is the ease with which a target group can be depleted. Giant clam, sea urchin and sea cucumber fisheries have collapsed in many areas. Usually the collapses occur after large-volume dealers arrive in a village. We are a long way from being able to determine individually the sustainable yield of most invertebrate species on reefs, and much further from developing effective ways to manage such fisheries sustainably. Sincerely, John McManus ---------- From: owner-coral-list To: coral-list Subject: questions reef fish and invertebrates Date: Wednesday, November 29, 1995 10:45PM All coral list subscribers, Thanks very much for the many reactions. I have some more questions: First, I am trying to contact Mark Erdmann who has done some very interesting work on coral reef ecology. Does anyone know his e-mail or other address? Secondly, I am looking at some issues related to the poison fish trade. My questions are (please allow my ignorance as an economist): If fishermen go to a prestine untouched and unfished area, what would be the average biomass of groupers (especially Epinephelus spp., Plectropomus spp. and Cephalopholis spp.) and of Napoleon wrasses (Cheilinus Undulatus) per square kilometer of reef? What would be the average sustainable yield of these groupers and N.wrasses? When do they obtain sexual maturity? (At which bodyweight is that? Are groupers of 800 grams sexually mature? Thirdly, I am trying to guess the total area of coral reefs in Indonesia (e.g. at 20 phantom (37 m; 110 ft.). For the Philippines are have data ranging from 25 to 33 thousand km2. I have an estimate for the whole of East Asia of around 180,000 km2. Would 100,000 km2 for Indonesia be a good guess? Fourthy, does anyone know something of sustainable yield of invertebrates? I would like to know sustainable yield per km2 of sea-cucumbers, trochus, giant clams, lobsters, etc. By the way, if people are interested in receiving a copy of the report on the economics of coral reef destruction in Indonesia when it is ready and has become official (early next year hopefully; working paper), please let me know. Thanks in advance, Herman Cesar From hendee@wave Sun Dec 7 20:27:04 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id UAA16253; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 20:25:42 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id BAA01723; Fri, 8 Dec 1995 01:13:39 GMT Received: from lionfish.jcu.edu.au by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id UAA01718; Thu, 7 Dec 1995 20:13:31 -0500 Received: by lionfish.jcu.edu.au id AA13972 (5.65v3.0/IDA-1.5); Fri, 8 Dec 1995 11:13:01 +1000 Date: Fri, 8 Dec 1995 11:13:01 +1000 (EST) From: Esther Koh To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Mark Erdmann's contact In-Reply-To: Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Herman, > First, I am trying to contact Mark Erdmann who has done some very > interesting work on coral reef ecology. Does anyone know his e-mail or > other address? I have Mark's contact details. Please email me. Esther G.L. Koh Department of Marine Biology James Cook University of North Queensland Townsville, Q4811 AUSTRALIA Tel: 61-77-814801 Fax: 61-77-251570 From hendee@wave Sat Dec 13 17:20:22 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id RAA20434; Wed, 13 Dec 1995 17:12:37 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id VAA12320; Wed, 13 Dec 1995 21:45:22 GMT Received: from QUCDN.QueensU.CA by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id QAA12315; Wed, 13 Dec 1995 16:45:10 -0500 Received: from qlink.queensu.ca by QUCDN.QueensU.CA (IBM VM SMTP V2R2) with TCP; Wed, 13 Dec 95 16:38:32 EST Received: by qlink.queensu.ca (5.x/SMI-SVR4) id AA11601; Wed, 13 Dec 1995 16:38:11 -0500 Date: Wed, 13 Dec 1995 16:38:10 -0500 (EST) From: Lamond Robert E <3rel1@qlink.queensu.ca> X-Sender: 3rel1@qlink To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Graduate research on coral-reefs. Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hello. I am a fourth year undergraduate student, searching for a potential university to study and conduct graduate level reasearch on Modern Coral Reefs. I will be graduating with a BscH in Geology from Queen's University, Canada this April. I have been specializing in carbonate sedimentology and invertebrate paleontology at Queen's and I am searching for a graduate program on reef geology/ biology. If anyone has knowledge of such a program, or has an address I might contact for more information, please e-mail me at 3rel1@qlink.queensu.ca. The nationality of the university is not as important as the proximity to the reefs! Thank you for your time, Bob Lamond From hendee@wave Mon Dec 15 00:33:57 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id AAA01901; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 00:32:48 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id FAA14323; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 05:24:17 GMT Received: from mail.utexas.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id AAA14318; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 00:24:14 -0500 Received: from slip-43-7.ots.utexas.edu (slip-43-7.ots.utexas.edu [128.83.112.151]) by mail.utexas.edu (8.6.9/8.6.6) with SMTP id XAA11525 for ; Thu, 14 Dec 1995 23:17:22 -0600 Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 23:17:22 -0600 Message-Id: <199512150517.XAA11525@mail.utexas.edu> X-Sender: j.reichman@mail.utexas.edu Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: j.reichman@mail.utexas.edu (JAY RANDALL REICHMAN) Subject: Email Internet Virus X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: >Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 22:55:02 -0600 >To: JLBrown68@aol.com >From: khaywood@mail.utexas.edu (Keene M. Haywood) >Subject: Email Internet Virus >Cc: belflite@orion.ae.utexas.edu, bosque@mail.utexas.edu, > dolitl@mail.utexas.edu, pmiller@nwu.edu, YGHQ78D@prodigy.com, > CCORNELI@WINNIE.FIT.EDU, SSeaFresh@aol.com, Narragan@aol.com, > cstinson@mail.utexas.edu, kkishi@maestro.geo.utexas.edu, > armentrc@ava.bcc.orst.edu, iomarine@tiac.net, waiblee@ucs.orst.edu, > imanners@uts.cc.utexas.edu, ICLARM@CGNET.COM, > J.Reichman@mail.utexas.edu, JeffM4079615@eworld.com, > jc690254@bcm.tmc.edu, jgifford@rsmas.miami.edu, KB78@COLUMBIA.EDU, > k.foote@mail.utexas.edu, VonWestarp@aol.com, M.GOROSPE@CGNET.COM, > SPATZY@aol.com, MQUETEL@TELEPORT.COM, NHay5600@aol.com, > nfowler@spice.cc.utexas.edu, drbob@mail.utexas.edu, > rdoughty@mail.utexas.edu, roshanr@mail.utexas.edu, chocolat@eden.com, > cshane@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu, DFLIGHT@HOOKED.NET, linscott@rice.edu, > swells@ucb.edu.bz, tthys@acpub.duke.edu, dlarson340@aol.com > >>>>Mail*Link(r) SMTP FWD>Internet Virus Warning!!! >>>> >>>>>There is a computer virus that is being sent across the Internet. If you >>>>>receive an e-mail message with the subject line "Good Times", DO NOT read >>>>the >>>>>message, DELETE it immediately. Please read the messages below. Some >>>>>miscreant is sending e-mail under the title "good times" world-wide. If you >>>>>get anything like this, DON'T DOWN LOAD THE FILE! It has a virus that >>>>>rewrites your hard drive, obliterating anything on it. Please be careful and >>>>>forward this mail -- I have. >>>> >>>>WARNING!!!!!!!!!: INTERNET VIRUS >>>>The FCC released a warning last Wednesday concerning a matter of major >>>>importance to any regular user of the Internet. Apparently, a new computer >>>>virus has been engineered by a user of America Online that is unparalleled >>>>in its destructive capability. Other, more well-known viruses such as >>>>Stoned, Airwolf, and Michaelangelo pale in comparison to the prospects of >>>>this newest creation by a warped mentality. What makes this virus so >>>>terrifying, said the FCC, is the fact that no program needs to be exchanged >>>>for a new computer to be infected. It can be spread through the existing >>>>e-mail systems of the Internet. Once a computer is infected, one of several >>>>things can happen. If the computer contains a hard drive it will be >>>>destroyed. If the program is not stopped, >>>>the computer's processor will be placed in an nth-complexity infinite binary >>>>loop -which can severely damage the processor if left running that way too >>>>long. >>>>Unfortunately, most novice computer users will not realize what is >>>>happening until it is far too late. Luckily, there is one sure means of >>>>detecting what is now known as the Good Times" virus. It always travels to >>>>new computers the same way in a text e-mail message with the subject line >>>>reading simply "Good Times". Avoiding infection is easy once the file has >>>>been received - not reading it. The act of loading the file into the mail >>>>server's ASCII buffer causes the "Good Times" mainline program to >>>>initialize and execute. The program is highly intelligent - it will send >>>>copies of itself to everyone whose e-mail address is contained in a >>>>received-mail file or a sent- mail file, if it can find one. It will then >>>>proceed to trash the computer it is running on. The bottom line here is- >>>>if you receive a file with the subject line "Good Times", delete it >>>>immediately! Do not read it! Rest assured that whoever's name was on the >>>>"From:" line was surely struck by the virus. Warn your friends and local >>>>system users of this newest threat to the Internet! >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>> >>> >> >> > > > Adios, Jay Reichman Department of Zoology University of Texas at Austin From hendee@wave Mon Dec 15 02:25:24 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id CAA02095; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 02:24:39 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id HAA14477; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 07:17:55 GMT Received: from saul1.u.washington.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id CAA14472; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 02:17:51 -0500 Received: by saul1.u.washington.edu (5.65+UW95.11/UW-NDC Revision: 2.33 ) id AA13250; Thu, 14 Dec 95 23:15:48 -0800 X-Sender: pdh@saul1.u.washington.edu Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 23:15:48 -0800 (PST) From: Preston Hardison To: JAY RANDALL REICHMAN Cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: Email Internet Virus In-Reply-To: <199512150517.XAA11525@mail.utexas.edu> Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The only pathogen here is the "Goodtimes Virus Alert". This hoary old cyber-legend has been circulating around the Internet for three or four years now, and is well known to be a junk alert. There simply is no danger from a "Good Times" ascii file. You can get a virus from a program embedded as a binary attachment to an email message, but only after you have downloaded the file and executed it on your PC. Merely reading an email message will not cause harm to your computer. If someone knows otherwise, please supply an authoritative reference (the reference to the "FCC" in the alert is bogus). Please don't forward the alert on to other lists. Preston Hardison pdh@u.washington.edu From hendee@wave Mon Dec 15 11:15:03 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA27119; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 11:13:04 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA15047; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 16:08:26 GMT Received: from jaws.marine.usf.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA15042; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 11:08:19 -0500 Received: (from jogden@localhost) by jaws.marine.usf.edu (8.6.11/8.6.11) id LAA16990; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 11:13:49 -0500 Date: Fri, 15 Dec 1995 11:13:49 -0500 (EST) From: John Ogden To: Coral-List Subject: FKNMS Management Plan Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A The following Open Letter sent to the Miami Herald and the Key West Citizen is FYI. December 14, 1995 An Open Letter to the Commercial Fishermen of the Florida Keys: As most of you know, this week the Sanctuary Advisory Council (SAC) of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary finished its task of reviewing the 10 Action Plans which form the Management Plan of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. These were revised over the past year in a series of community meetings led by SAC members. The Plan approved by the Council on December 12 will help to insure that the fragile marine environment of the Keys will sustain and enrich the lives of future generations. The approved Plan is the culmination of 4 years of effort on the part of the SAC members who worked hard to integrate the interests and concerns of their various constituencies in a complicated, controversial, and politically-charged task. Fishermen's interests were ably represented by Tony Iarocci, Michael Laudicina, SAC Chair Michael Collins, and by the many fishermen who took valuable time away from their businesses to attend hearings and meetings and to testify in a constructive manner on the plan. In fact, it is fair to say that fishermen, more than any other constituency, defined the Management Plan that we all hope will be signed by the Governor at the end of 1996. However, in my opinion the virtual elimination of the Replenishment Reserves by the organized, disciplined, and effective campaign against them seriously compromises the intent of the plan to sustain the harvest of fisheries resources in the future. We need at least three relatively small, representative Replenishment Reserves strategically placed in the Upper and Lower Keys and in the Dry Tortugas. The approved plan eliminated the Upper Keys Reserve and left the one in the Dry Tortugas in limbo waiting action by the National Park Service. There is only one effective Reserve, a sliver of habitat from shore to the reef edge in the Sambos. The Reserves are critical to gather baseline data from undisturbed, unharvested areas so we can assess the impact of harvest and disturbance in the rest of the Sanctuary. Reserves are also an experiment, one that the world is watching, to see if small, strategically placed unharvested areas can provide "replenishment" to the harvested resources outside its boundaries. There is a scientific consensus that the Reserves will work, and there are examples of early success from other countries including New Zealand, Australia, Kenya, and many Caribbean nations. You don't have to be told that the Keys fishery resources are vulnerable; fishermen have seen this from yearly catches. What may not be well known is that reefs appear to be particularly sensitive to the removal of the large size classes of snappers and groupers as well as parrotfishes. This disrupts the balance of the reef and leads to elimination of corals and to dominance of the reefs by algae. This is a condition that we are seeing nearly everywhere in the Keys. The Replenishment Reserves are the only tool that we have to assess these impacts and to define strategies that will sustain the fisheries harvest. I ask each of you to reconsider your position with respect to the Replenishment Reserves. Talk with each other and with your leaders and work with NOAA to place at least three Reserves in the Sanctuary-- one in each of the major representative habitats of the Keys. If this is accomplished we can continue the cooperative interaction among the fishing industry, management agencies, and the science community that has given us a remarkable and exemplary Management Plan for the marine resources of the Keys. Thank you for your consideration, congratulations on your very effective and informative work, and Season's Greetings to all. Sincerely, John C. Ogden Member SAC for Science John C. Ogden Director Phone: 813/893-9100 Florida Institute of Oceanography Fax: 813/893-9109 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 From hendee@wave Mon Dec 15 11:17:23 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA27121; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 11:13:05 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id QAA15052; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 16:09:43 GMT Received: from pangaea by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id LAA15031; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 11:04:51 -0500 Received: from [193.174.125.58] (aldabra) by pangaea (5.x/SMI-SVR4) id AA00897; Fri, 15 Dec 1995 17:02:56 +0100 X-Sender: gheiss@pangaea.geomar.de Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Fri, 15 Dec 1995 17:02:19 +0100 To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov From: gheiss@geomar.de (Georg Heiss) Subject: Research programme on coral reefs in the Western Indian Ocean Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Dear colleagues, With this message we would like to spread information about a current research programme on recent and fossil coral reefs in the Western Indian Ocean. If you would like to have more detailed information, please contact any of the members of the group at the addresses listed at the end of this message. At the moment we are constructing a WWW-page with more information about the activities of the group. As soon as we are online, you will be informed via the coral-list. Georg Heiss _________________________________________________ CORAL AND REEF GROWTH IN THE WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: PALEOCLIMATIC IMPLICATIONS INTRODUCTION Since 1994 a group of European reef geologists including workers from France, Germany, Italy and the U.K. has been investigating Western Indian Ocean reefs, studying paleoclimatology and sea-level changes. These studies comprise localities over a latitudinal range between 4 degrees and 23 degrees south, spanning in the north the Seychelles Bank, Aldabra-Atoll, and Mayotte (Comoro Islands), and in the south,Tulear (Madagascar), Reunion and Mauritius. The approach is on three time scales using: 1. Living corals to document coral growth and climatic change over the last 1000 years. 2. Drill cores in Holocene reefs to cover the last 10,000 years. 3. Outcrops of Pleistocene limestones to investigate the past 130,000 years and including: a) Sampling of raised Eemian limestones; b) Studies of drowned reef terraces (isotope stage 3 and LGM, 20-18 ka) by submersible. CORAL CORES Cores collected from massive coral colonies (Porites) allow the determination of growth bands and of an exact chronology, together with the vertical accretion rate of the colony and variations in stable isotopes of O and C, and of Sr with high temporal resolution. The delta 18O-composition of the skeletal aragonite is used as a proxy for both paleotemperature and salinity. In general, a variation of 0.22 permil is equivalent to 1 degree C of temperature change (Epstein et al. 1953) but is also linked to evaporation and precipitation (Swart and Coleman 1980). The delta 13C-composition serves as a proxy for both the biological productivity of the coral and the CO2 content of the contemporary atmosphere (Nozaki et al. 1978). Tropical sea surface palaeotemperatures can also be determined with high precision by means of Sr/Ca-TIMS (thermal ionization mass spectrometry), producing a seasonal resolution over at least the past 10,000 years (Beck et al. 1992). This method promises to provide an additional independent means of determining temperature which is probably less influenced by fluctuations in the volume of ice-caps and oxygen isotope variations or by evaporation or freshwater influx (Beck et al. 1992; De Villiers et al. 1994). The isotopic compositions of the skeleton forming the youngest parts of the coral cores can be calibrated with temperature readings from automatic temperature loggers. These have been installed for two years at some of the sampled colonies and provide measurements over this time span in steps of 2 hours. Sampling of coral slabs with computerized drill equipment (sampling in steps of 1/100 mm) theoretically allows the determination of up to 100 samples per year. For these studies we sample in steps of 1 mm, resulting in a resolution of ca. 8-16 samples per year of coral growth, depending on the relative growth rates of the corals. Samples available from recent Porites-colonies are summarized in Table 1. ________________________________________________________ TABLE 1: RECENT CORAL CORE SAMPLES LOCATION__NO. OF CORES__LENGTH OF LONGEST CORE__WATER DEPTH RANGE__DATE of FIELD WORK Mayotte, Comoros___10___238cm__1 to 7m__March 1994 Seychelles__10__203cm__2 to 9m__October 1994, November 1995 Reunion__6__195cm__6 to 13m__October 1994, November 1995 Tulear, Madagascar__16__404cm__0.5 to 7m__October 1995 ________________________________________________________ HOLOCENE DRILL CORES Methods The Holocene reefs have all been drilled close to their outer edges in order to obtain the maximum thickness of the carbonate deposited during the Holocene. Corals and associated organisms (e.g. algae, molluscs) occurring within the cores will be identified to species level in order to evaluate the palaeobathymetry. Age determinations based on U/Th-TIMS may then provide a dataset for establishing a sea level curve. Information can also be gained on the relative rate of reef growth and its response to sea level change, either 'keep up' or 'catch up' styles. Core material will also be examined petrographically to determine both the degree and style of diagenetic alteration. Larger coral colonies recovered will be investigated using the same methods applied to the recent coral cores. This will provide short sclerochronological datasets which will include paleotemperature variability on a sub-annual resolution for different time intervals during the Holocene. Both the general environmental parameters and the specific patterns of change which these reveal will be compared with those of the recent corals. Locations The group has recovered cores from Reunion, Mauritius and Mayotte in recent years, and drilling operations have been completed at Tulear and on Mahe in the Seychelles this year. On average, Holocene carbonates are more than 20m thick in the Western Indian Ocean. The oldest Holocene corals collected so far are from Mayotte and have been dated at 9,800 yrs B.P. (Colonna 1994). The underlying substratum varies with the origin and age of the islands. In Reunion, the basement is probably formed by Pleistocene basalts, while in Mayotte and Mauritius the Holocene reef sequences overlie Pleistocene limestones. On Mahe they rest on what are probably terrestrial silts and clays which themselves overlie Precambrian granite. EEMIAN RAISED LIMESTONES Methods Large EemianPorites-heads have been sampled and are being analyzed using methods identical to those applied to the recent samples (sclerochronology, stable isotopes). Petrographic studies are being carried out on material from the same outcrops to assess the degree of alteration. The ages of these carbonates will be determined using U/Th dating. Locations Outcrops of Eemian limestone terraces are exposed on the Seychelles Islands, principally in small outcrops beneath granite boulders (Mahe) but including thick (metres) in situ algal and coral crusts on Praslin and La Digue. More extensive outcrops are found on Aldabra and other so-called 'high' limestone islands to the west. Detailed stratigraphical data are available for Aldabra, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius and Reunion from earlier studies by the group. Additional data The group also has a sample set collected during a German-French mission to Mayotte using the research submersible "Jago". During this mission several coral samples and reef rock samples were recovered. It has been shown that reefs flourished during isotope stage 3 (50 - 27 ka B.P.) forming extended terraces presently drowned to around 80 m deep. Last glacial maximum (LGM) corals were also collected, giving hints of a maximum sea level fall of 150 m for the volcanic island of Mayotte. Such extreme values seem to be typical for volcanic islands having no gravity differential with the ocean crust and therefore providing a regional hydroeustacy (Peltier 1991; Lambeck and Nakada 1992). FUNDING The studies are financed by a variety of funding agencies. The European Union Programme "TESTREEF" (TEmporal and Spatial Variability in Western Indian Ocean REEFs) is funding the research in Tulear and Seychelles. Investigations on Reunion and Mayotte is funded by PNRCO (Programme National Recifs Coralliens- C.N.R.S.), and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Du 129/6 and Du 129/9). LITERATURE Beck, J.W., Edwards, R.L., Ito, E., Taylor, F.W., Recy, J., Rougerie, F., Joannot, P. and Henin, C. (1992): Sea-surface temperature from coral skeletal Strontium/Calcium ratios.- Science, 257: 644-647. Colonna, M. (1994): Chronologie des variation du niveau marins au cours du dernier cycle climatique (0-140 000 ans) dans la partie sud occidental de l'Ocean Indien. Implications paleoclimatiques et paleoceanographiques. Ph.D. thesis, Aix-Marseille: 1-303. De Villiers, S., Shen, G.T. and Nelson, B.K. (1994): The Sr/Ca-temperature relationship in coralline aragonite: Influence of variability in (Sr/Ca)seawater and skeletal growth parameters.- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58: 197-208. Epstein, S., Buchsbaum, R., Lowenstam, H.A. and Urey, H.C. (1953): Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale.- Geological Society of America Bulletin, 64: 1315-1326. Lambeck, K. and Nakada, M. (1992): Constraints on the age and duration of the age and duration of the last interglacial period and on sea-level variations.- Nature, 357: 125-128. Nozaki, Y., Rye, D.M., Turekian, K.K. and Dodge, R.E. (1978): A 200 year record of Carbon-13 and Carbon-14 variations in a Bermuda coral.- Geophysical Research Letters, 5/10: 825-827. Peltier, W.R. (1991): The ICE-3G model of Late Pleistocene deglaciation: construction, verification and applications.- In: Sabadini, R. (ed.) Glacial Isostacy, Sea Level and Mantle Rheology: 95-119 . Swart, P.K. and Coleman, M.L. (1980): Isotopic data for scleractinian corals explain their paleotemperature uncertainties.- Nature, 283: 557-559. _______________ Adresses of the group members: Colin Braithwaite Lilybank Gardens Glasgow G1 2 8QQ Tel. +44.141.339.8855. Ext. 5449. Fax. +44.141.330.4817 cjrb@geology.gla.ac.uk Gilbert F. Camoin URA 1208 CNRS Universite de Provence Centre de Sedimentologie et Paleontologie 3 Place V. Hugo F-13331 Marseille cedex 3 Tel. +33.91106723 Fax. +33.91649964 gcamoin@cerege.fr (by January 96) Wolf-Christian Dullo GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences Wischhofstr. 1-3, Geb. 4 D-24148 Kiel Germany Tel +49-431-7202200 Fax +49-431-725391 cdullo@geomar.de Georg A. Heiss GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences Wischhofstr. 1-3, Geb. 4 D-24148 Kiel Germany Tel +49-431-7202209 Fax +49-431-725391 gheiss@geomar.de Lucien Montaggioni URA 1208 CNRS Universite de Provence Centre de Sedimentologie et Paleontologie 3 Place V. Hugo F-13331 Marseille cedex 3 Tel. +33.91106324 Fax. +33.91649964 Marco Taviani Istituto di Geologia Marina Via Zamboni, 65 I-40127 Bologna Italia Tel. +39-51-244044 Fax +39-51-243117 taviani@boigm2.igm.bo.cnr.it Bernard A. Thomassin Centre D'Oceanologie de Marseille (O.S.U.) Unite associee au CNRS (UA 41) Rue Batterie des Lions F-13007 Marseille Tel. +33-91041617 Fax +33-91041635 thomassi@com.univ-mrs.fr From hendee@wave Thu Dec 18 14:15:31 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA26482; Mon, 18 Dec 1995 14:13:07 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id SAA18698; Mon, 18 Dec 1995 18:54:06 GMT Received: from sos.bangor.ac.uk by reef.aoml.erl.gov via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id NAA18693; Mon, 18 Dec 1995 13:54:03 -0500 Received: from thunder (thunder.bangor.ac.uk) by sos.bangor.ac.uk (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA00212; Mon, 18 Dec 95 18:48:21 GMT Date: Mon, 18 Dec 1995 18:51:01 +0000 (GMT) From: PETER COLLINSON X-Sender: osp066@thunder To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program Cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Re: rejoinders In-Reply-To: Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Hello I am trying to get in contact members of the coral research team in Singapore Are you out there? If so could you please contact me, regarding coral reef research. Many Thanks Peter R J Collinson The University of Hong Kong From hendee@wave Sun Dec 21 07:49:32 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id HAA02084; Thu, 21 Dec 1995 07:46:21 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA23075; Thu, 21 Dec 1995 12:28:35 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id HAA23070; Thu, 21 Dec 1995 07:28:32 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA18065; Thu, 21 Dec 1995 07:28:31 -0500 Date: Thu, 21 Dec 1995 07:28:31 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Shutdown...again. Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: Seasons Greetings, Colleagues! Because of the U.S. Government budget negotiations impasse, some or all of the Coral Health and Monitoring services (e.g., list-server, Web page, daily posting of C-MAN data) may be temporarily discontinued. The host machines will remain on, but if something breaks, there will be no one around to fix it. I hope you all have a Merry Chistmas and a Happy New Year! Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | Coral Health and Monitoring Program | | Ocean Chemistry Division | | Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | | Miami, Florida | | USA | | | | Email: coral@coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From hendee@wave Wed Dec 24 21:21:42 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id VAA25254; Sun, 24 Dec 1995 21:20:57 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id CAA26594; Mon, 25 Dec 1995 02:06:26 GMT Received: from iniki.soest.hawaii.edu by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id VAA26589; Sun, 24 Dec 1995 21:06:22 -0500 Received: (from carlson@localhost) by iniki.soest.hawaii.edu (8.6.12/8.6.6) id QAA03645; Sun, 24 Dec 1995 16:03:57 -1000 Date: Sun, 24 Dec 1995 16:03:57 -1000 (HST) From: Bruce Carlson X-Sender: carlson@iniki To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program cc: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Coral spawning - Solomon Islands In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: A Solomon Islands: New Georgia group, Minjanga Is., December 11, 1995, ca. 1830 hrs ("twilight"). Various mussid corals (Acanthastrea, Lobophyllia, and Symphyllia) were observed spawning. Aggregations of fishes feeding on the eggs indicated the location of spawning colonies. Large Plectorhinchus ("sweetlips") sucked up the spawn as quickly as it was expelled. One large anemone, Stichodactyla mertensii, also spawned at the same time. Video tape of the spawning was taken for the record. On the following evening at the same time at Matiu Island, more agariciid corals spawned. No acroporids or other groups of corals spawned on either night despite observations which continued until about 2100 hours. Bruce Carlson Waikiki Aquarium University of Hawaii From hendee@wave Fri Dec 26 14:25:56 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id OAA13557; Tue, 26 Dec 1995 14:24:46 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id TAA28074; Tue, 26 Dec 1995 19:06:32 GMT Received: from post.tau.ac.il by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id OAA28069; Tue, 26 Dec 1995 14:06:26 -0500 Received: from ccsg.tau.ac.il (dafnaz@ccsg.tau.ac.il [132.66.16.2]) by post.tau.ac.il (8.6.12/8.6.9) with ESMTP id SAA08733; Tue, 26 Dec 1995 18:36:39 +0200 Received: (dafnaz@localhost) by ccsg.tau.ac.il (8.6.12/8.6.12) id QAA14267; Tue, 26 Dec 1995 16:32:48 GMT Date: Tue, 26 Dec 1995 18:32:48 +0200 (IST) From: zeevi dafna To: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us cc: mar-facil@ac.dal.ca, coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Reaserch- assistance Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: To all interested... I'm a student to Marine biology in Tel-Aviv university.I'm writing my tesis now to te M.A degree which I'm going to finish in about a month.My reaserch was on the biology and ecology of a soft coral from the Red-Sea. I'm interesed in working as a research assistent in a rsearch that involves ecology and molecular biology in Marine animals (doesn't have to be corals!).I will be avalable from March 96 until September 96. messages to: Dafna Zeevi. From hendee@wave Sat Dec 27 11:09:08 1995 Received: from reef.aoml.erl.gov (reef.aoml.erl.gov [192.111.123.16]) by aoml.noaa.gov (8.6.10/8.6.4) with ESMTP id LAA08916; Wed, 27 Dec 1995 11:07:05 -0500 Received: by reef.aoml.erl.gov (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id PAA29086; Wed, 27 Dec 1995 15:43:05 GMT Received: from coral by reef.aoml.erl.gov via ESMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) for id KAA29081; Wed, 27 Dec 1995 10:43:02 -0500 Received: by coral (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id KAA01257; Wed, 27 Dec 1995 10:43:01 -0500 Date: Wed, 27 Dec 1995 10:42:59 +30000 From: Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Subject: Injection Wells in West Maui Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Precedence: bulk Status: RO X-Status: The following message is being forwarded herewith to the list: Date: Tue, 26 Dec 1995 15:09:35 -0500 From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett To: owner-coral-list@reef.aoml.erl.gov Hello. I have just received word that the EPA (Region 9) has changed its mind yet again about the addition of more injection wells in West Maui. This area of ocean has undergone dramatic decline since 1989 when it experienced its first of several algae blooms. I will once again give videotaped testimony against granting a permit for these wells. In preparation for this it would be very helpful to know of other sites where injection wells or sewage effluent has resulted in eutrophication. I would be especially interested in any areas where Cladophora was the main algae nuisance. I also believe that eutrophication may be a factor in fibropapillomas, a disease of green sea turtles. That is why I am presently frantic to stop these injection wells. The sewage treatment plant in the area dumps the waste directly into the ground. It is within 500 metres of the ocean and they pretend it doesn't go into the ocean. Yet all indications are that many of the corals have died, the area experiences annual algae blooms and 75% of the turtles seen are diseased. 90% of turtles resident to the area are sick. If this has piqued anyone's curiosity, more information about this area and its special environmental problems can be accessed directly at http://www.io.org:80/~bunrab/tumoursa.htm Any help would be appreciated. ^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett 0 0 Mississauga, Ontario /V^\ I I /^V\ Email: howzit@io.org /V Turtle Trax V\ /V Forever Green V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab