Press Release January 18th2001

________________________________________
Sander=20 Scheffers
Carmabi Foundation
(Caribbean Research and Management of = Biodiversity)
P.O.Box 2090, Piscadera Baai, Willemstad,
Curacao=20 (NA)
Fax: ++ 599 9 462 7680
Phone: ++ 599 9 462 4242/565 = 2871
E-mail:=20 corals@interneeds.net

-----Original = Message-----
From:=20 Julie Ekstrom <jekstrom@coral.org>
To: = coral-list-daily@cor= al.aoml.noaa.gov=20 <coral-list-daily@cor= al.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc:=20 ehorne@coral.org <ehorne@coral.org>
Date:=20 Thursday, July 12, 2001 1:18 PM
Subject: sharpnose = puffer=20 tumors

>Greetings Coral = List,
>
>While=20 diving in Bonaire this month I noticed small white growths on=20
>several Sharpnose Puffers (Canthigaster rostrata).Through = casual=20
>survey I found that 50-80% of this species had similar = growths. The=20
>tumors appear pale or white in color, and are slightly = raised bumps=20
>to bulbous growths. On affected fish the spots were present = on the=20
>body and/or fins.
>
>Is this common in other = areas in=20 the Caribbean? Has anyone else
>noticed these growths, and if = so, is=20 it anything to worry about? I
>have spent nearly 75 hours = underwater=20 in Bonaire over the last 4
>years and this visit was the = first time I=20 observed the growths.
>
>Any information is=20 appreciated
>
>Thanks in advance,

= Ellen
=20 ehorne@coral.org
-- =
Julie=20 Ekstrom
Administrative Assistant
The Coral Reef Alliance = (CORAL)
jekstrom@coral.org
http://www.coral.org/
tel:=20 510-848-0110
fax: 510-848-3720

"Working together to = keep=20 coral reefs alive."
~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing = and=20 unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on = Popular on=20 the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List=20 Listserver.

------=_NextPart_000_0032_01C10AE3.7F8410E0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 12 15:24:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA08122; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:23:59 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA18325; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:24:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018290; Thu, 12 Jul 01 15:24:25 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGDKFZ00.I98 for ; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:21:35 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGDKST00.4U0; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:29:17 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA10046; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:29:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAzvaiNt; Thu, 12 Jul 01 15:29:16 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA01760 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 19:26:26 GMT Received: from spn25c0.fiu.edu (spf02n09a0-boot.fiu.edu [131.94.68.193] (may be forged)) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA01755 for ; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:26:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from fiu.edu ([131.94.43.107]) by spn25c0.fiu.edu (InterMail vK.4.03.04.01 201-232-130-101 license d3ed443c752af15f51469a1cfbdca8d5) with ESMTP id <20010712192346.LAJA19256.spn25c0@fiu.edu>; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:23:46 -0400 Message-ID: <3B4E26CB.FBDAC096@fiu.edu> Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 15:38:03 -0700 From: Laurie Richardson X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.73 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "Dr. Pedro Alcolado" CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: White Plague in Cuba References: <200106271928.TAA07943@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 639 Dear Pedro et al. - I have heard reports of white plague type II (what you're seeing) recently and currently affecting Dichocoenia stokesii and other corals on reefs in Los Roques, Venezuela; Bermuda; St. Croix; and Dominica, in late 2000 and now in 2001. This form begins at the bottom of coral colonies and progresses upwards, with tissue destroyed at rates up to 2 cm per day. There is now a new form that we are calling plague type III (described in Richardson, 2000, chapter in book by National Academy of Sciences Press, and Richardson et al., in press, Hydrobiologia).. This appeared in 1999 on the same reefs of the northern Florida Keys were Phil Dustan first documented (and named) plague, and where we documented plague type II. The new form is even more virulent than plague type II - it attacks only the largest (2 to 3 m) colonies of Colpophyllia natans and Montastraea annularis. It progresses extremely rapidly, killing these huge colonies in days. Andy Bruckner reported seeing this new form in Bonaire, and it is also on reefs of St. John. When the new form is present (at least on the Florida Keys reefs) Dichocoenia stokesi colonies exhibit, at the most, very early signs of plague type II (white just at the very bottom of the colony, which does not progress but contains the pathogen). I'm sorry to hear about the outbreak in Cuba. I would be very, very interested to hear if you see the same pattern - infected Dichocoenia (which, at least on the Florida reefs, recolonizes and grows rapidly) followed by the form that targets the huge colonies. If you do get plague type III, Jeff Miller in St. John is having some success stopping the disease progression by applying underwater epoxy directly on the disease line. Regards to all, Laurie Richardson "Dr. Pedro Alcolado" wrote: > A massive infestation with white plague at least on the reefs of Havana > coast. Practically all Dichocoenia stokesii are sick and dying. > Montastraea annularis and cavernosa are also been affected. It is been > observed since the begining of May (maybe much earlier). The disease > extends from the border of the colony till covering it completely. Have > you seen that in other places? We have observed also some white band in > Acropora cervicornis. These events were observed at 10-15 m deep (we did > not dive deeper). > > Pedro M. Alcolado > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 12 22:53:18 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA13244; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 22:53:17 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA23594; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 22:54:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023590; Thu, 12 Jul 01 22:53:00 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGE57L00.U9Q for ; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 22:50:09 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGE5KG00.C22; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 22:57:52 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA16002; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 22:57:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXqa4pF; Thu, 12 Jul 01 22:57:51 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA02546 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 02:54:05 GMT Received: from aims.gov.au (avmail-gw.aims.gov.au [138.7.104.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA02535 for ; Thu, 12 Jul 2001 22:53:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: by aims.gov.au; id MAA28341; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 12:52:17 +1000 (EST) Received: from nodnsquery(138.7.32.14) by purple.aims.gov.au via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfDaGw3; Fri, 13 Jul 01 12:52:16 +1000 Received: from Katharina2 (ppp-04.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.4]) by conch.aims.gov.au (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.1) with SMTP id MAA16237 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 12:53:40 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.20010713125450.00a491e0@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: kfabrici@email.aims.gov.au X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32) Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 12:54:50 +1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Katharina Fabricius Subject: Soft corals and sea fans Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 640 Dear Coral listers, just to let you know: the book "Soft corals and sea fans: A comprehensive guide to the tropical shallow water genera of the central-west Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea", by Phil Alderslade and myself, is finally out. A double-page with 5 - 8 underwater photographs, a plate of sclerite-drawings, and 7 paragraphs of text introduce each of the 90 genera found in the region. Additionally, about 50 pages of introduction cover the morphology, biology and ecology of the beasts with text and numerous photographs, explain the few technical terms used, techniques of how to go about identifying an octocoral, how to survey octocoral communities, and choice of octocorals for a coral reef aquarium. We tried to keep the book free of jargon, so it should be of equal value to professional scientists, students, divers, aquarium owners and nature enthusiasts. The details are: Fabricius KE & Alderslade P (2001) Soft Corals and Sea Fans: A comprehensive guide to the tropical shallow water genera of the central-west Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Australian Institute of Marine Science, 272 pp, colour-throughout. ISBN: 0 642 322104, and it can be purchased from the secure AIMS web page: http://www.aims.gov.au/softcoral.book. This web page also contains all details about the price, how to order by email, fax or mail, etc. Apologies for the delay to those Bali - Conference attendants to whom we promised an earlier release! To finish and tidy up all those last bits and pieces took its sweet little while.... Regards, Katharina Fabricius <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//> Dr. Katharina Fabricius Research Scientist Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au http://www.aims.gov.au http://www.reef.crc.org.au ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 13 05:46:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA15415; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 05:46:34 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA25985; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 05:47:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025979; Fri, 13 Jul 01 05:46:37 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGEOCY00.9AA for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 05:43:46 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGEOMR00.62Q; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 02:49:39 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA12711; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 02:49:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkVaW0y; Fri, 13 Jul 01 02:49:40 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA03115 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:46:56 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f246.law14.hotmail.com [64.4.21.246]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA03029 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 05:46:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 02:46:09 -0700 Received: from 141.163.1.26 by lw14fd.law14.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:46:09 GMT X-Originating-IP: [141.163.1.26] From: "julia webb" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: dating Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:46:09 +0100 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 13 Jul 2001 09:46:09.0653 (UTC) FILETIME=[A516AA50:01C10B80] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 641 Could anyone give me any ideas for age dating corals other than by radiocarbon (C14) dating. _________________________________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 13 09:39:16 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA17888; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:39:16 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA28533; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:40:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028523; Fri, 13 Jul 01 09:39:34 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGEZ5700.QAI for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:36:43 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGEZI300.M83; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:44:27 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA18012; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:44:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAMZaylJ; Fri, 13 Jul 01 09:44:26 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA03689 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 13:40:50 GMT Received: from lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu (ldgo.columbia.edu [129.236.10.30]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA03700 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:40:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [129.236.30.144] (dhcp-30-144.ldgo.columbia.edu [129.236.30.144]) by lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3/LDEO-1.17) with ESMTP id JAA23998; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:39:30 -0400 (EDT) Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: In-Reply-To: References: Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 09:40:36 -0400 To: "julia webb" From: James Rubenstone Subject: Re: dating Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 642 julia_webb27@hotmail.com wrote: >Could anyone give me any ideas for age dating corals other than by >radiocarbon (C14) dating. U-series disequilibrium dating, using 234U-230Th and (less extensively) 235U-231Pa, gives excellent results for corals up to several hundred thousands years old. Measuring the isotopes by mass spectometry can give very precise ages (0.5% or better). One advantage over radiocarbon is that U-series gives an absolute (calendar) age, without the uncertainties inherent in radiocarbon (reservoir corrections, variable production rate, variable surface ocean inventory). The main problem is possible open-system behavior of U and Th in fossil corals, particularly those that have seen subaerial exposure. There are many examples of high quality coral dates in the literature, from labs at Caltech, Minnesota, ANU, Marseilles and Lamont-Doherty (and several others as well). Jim Rubenstone -- Dr. James Rubenstone email: jimr@ldeo.columbia.edu Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory voice: 845-365-8579 Columbia University fax: 845-365-8154 Palisades, NY 10964 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 13 10:16:36 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA18780; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:16:35 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA29411; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:17:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029392; Fri, 13 Jul 01 10:16:33 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGF0UU00.QAN for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:13:42 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGF14P00.F6V; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 07:19:37 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA01217; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 07:19:36 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_ZaOuc; Fri, 13 Jul 01 07:19:36 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA03845 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:18:24 GMT Received: from tula.cura.net (tula.cura.net [209.58.20.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA03833 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:18:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from cura.net (dppp225.cura.net [200.50.20.76]) by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA28220; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:13:28 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <3B4F0640.55C6F63A@cura.net> Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 10:31:29 -0400 From: Maureen Kuenen Organization: Marine Awareness Center X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Anja en Sander CC: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Julie Ekstrom , ehorne@coral.org Subject: Re: sharpnose puffer tumors References: <003901c10b05$c2c336c0$eaacfea9@a-s> Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------084CAC157EBB39859DB1D42C" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 643 --------------084CAC157EBB39859DB1D42C Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA03845 Hi Sander and Julie, Diving on Curacao I've seen the same phenomena several times. Indeed on the sharpnose puffers. Maureen Anja en Sander wrote: > =A0Hi Julie,=A0I've been doing coral research on Curacao (NA) the last = 2.5 > years which involves diving everyday. What you describe, I haven't > seen on my dives. Strange, since Bonaire is virtually around the > corner.=A0Cheers, Sander > > ________________________________________ > Sander Scheffers > Carmabi Foundation > (Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity) > P.O.Box 2090, Piscadera Baai, Willemstad, > Curacao (NA) > Fax: ++ 599 9 462 7680 > Phone: ++ 599 9 462 4242/565 2871 > E-mail: corals@interneeds.net > > -----Original Message----- > From: Julie Ekstrom > To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > > Cc: ehorne@coral.org > Date: Thursday, July 12, 2001 1:18 PM > Subject: sharpnose puffer tumors>Greetings Coral List, > > > >While diving in Bonaire this month I noticed small white > growths on > >several Sharpnose Puffers (Canthigaster rostrata).Through > casual > >survey I found that 50-80% of this species had similar > growths. The > >tumors appear pale or white in color, and are slightly > raised bumps > >to bulbous growths. On affected fish the spots were present > on the > >body and/or fins. > > > >Is this common in other areas in the Caribbean? Has anyone > else > >noticed these growths, and if so, is it anything to worry > about? I > >have spent nearly 75 hours underwater in Bonaire over the > last 4 > >years and this visit was the first time I observed the > growths. > > > >Any information is appreciated > > > >Thanks in advance, > > =A0 Ellen > =A0 ehorne@coral.org > -- > Julie Ekstrom > Administrative Assistant > The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) > jekstrom@coral.org > http://www.coral.org/ > tel: 510-848-0110 > fax: 510-848-3720 > > "Working together to keep coral reefs alive." > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to > coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular > on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > =A0 --------------084CAC157EBB39859DB1D42C Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi Sander and Julie,

Diving on Curacao I've seen the same phenomena several times. Indeed on the sharpnose puffers.
Maureen

Anja en Sander wrote:

Hi Julie, I've been doing coral research on Curacao (NA) the last 2.5 years which involves diving everyday. What you describe, I haven't seen on my dives. Strange, since Bonaire is virtually around the corner. Cheers, Sander
________________________________________
Sander Scheffers
Carmabi Foundation
(Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity)
P.O.Box 2090, Piscadera Baai, Willemstad,
Curacao (NA)
Fax: ++ 599 9 462 7680
Phone: ++ 599 9 462 4242/565 2871
E-mail: corals@interneeds.net
-----Original Message-----
From: Julie Ekstrom <jekstrom@coral.org>
To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov <coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Cc: ehorne@coral.org <ehorne@coral.org>
Date: Thursday, July 12, 2001 1:18 PM
Subject: sharpnose puffer tumors>Greetings Coral List,
>
>While diving in Bonaire this month I noticed small white growths on
>several Sharpnose Puffers (Canthigaster rostrata).Through casual
>survey I found that 50-80% of this species had similar growths. The
>tumors appear pale or white in color, and are slightly raised bumps
>to bulbous growths. On affected fish the spots were present on the
>body and/or fins.
>
>Is this common in other areas in the Caribbean? Has anyone else
>noticed these growths, and if so, is it anything to worry about? I
>have spent nearly 75 hours underwater in Bonaire over the last 4
>years and this visit was the first time I observed the growths.
>
>Any information is appreciated
>
>Thanks in advance,
Ellen
ehorne@coral.org
--
Julie Ekstrom
Administrative Assistant
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL)
jekstrom@coral.org
http://www.coral.org/
tel: 510-848-0110
fax: 510-848-3720
"Working together to keep coral reefs alive."
~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

--------------084CAC157EBB39859DB1D42C-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 13 16:59:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA28205; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 16:59:55 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA09166; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 17:00:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009144; Fri, 13 Jul 01 17:00:35 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGFJK700.ECE for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 16:57:43 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGFJU200.UHU; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:03:38 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA17791; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 14:03:38 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAApaiUI; Fri, 13 Jul 01 14:03:37 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA00977 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 20:58:16 GMT Received: from web11108.mail.yahoo.com (web11108.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.131.155]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA00980 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 16:58:04 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010713205801.71950.qmail@web11108.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [196.42.48.248] by web11108.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 13:58:01 PDT Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 13:58:01 -0700 (PDT) From: Hernandez Edwin Subject: Re: White Plague in Cuba To: Laurie Richardson , "Dr. Pedro Alcolado" Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: <3B4E26CB.FBDAC096@fiu.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 644 Dear coral-listers: This short notice is to report a massive outbreak of White Plague in Culebra Island, Puerto Rico. The first signs of White Plague in 2001 appeared early last June. But during the last 3 weeks White Plague has been killing a significant number of columnar and platy morphs of Montastrea annularis. Similar to the 1997-98 outbreak that was described by Hernandez-Delgado (in review), it is only affecting Montastrea annularis. No other species have been infected in Culebra so far. We wonder if this is an outbreak of White Plague Type III??? Some colonies are showing signs of recent tissue loss in excess of 15-30 linear cm. We are in the process of tagging infected colonies and following the progression of the infection. Also, we'll be trying to control the disease progression by applying epoxy and antibiotics. Also, I'd like to know if somebody in the list knows if the ethiological agent of WP-III has been already identified and which are the characteristics? We are in the process of collecting tissue samples for microbiological analysis. Anybody interested in samples for confirmation? Please, contact me as soon as possible since we plan to revisit these sites again next week. I'll post additional information about the progress of the disease outbreak within the next weeks. Regards, Edwin A. Hernandez, Ph.D. Assistant Professor University of Puerto Rico Department of Biology Coral Reef Research Group P.O.Box 23360 San Juan, P.R. 00931-3360 Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855 Fax (787) 764-2610 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 13 18:39:10 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA29008; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:39:09 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA10067; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:39:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010060; Fri, 13 Jul 01 18:39:16 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGFO4P00.BB3 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:36:25 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGFOEK00.RKB; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 15:42:20 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA25897; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 15:42:20 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA28aaLY; Fri, 13 Jul 01 15:42:19 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA01212 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 22:38:56 GMT Received: from spn25c0.fiu.edu (spf02n09a0-boot.fiu.edu [131.94.68.193] (may be forged)) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA01215 for ; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:38:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from fiu.edu ([131.94.2.51]) by spn25c0.fiu.edu (InterMail vK.4.03.04.01 201-232-130-101 license d3ed443c752af15f51469a1cfbdca8d5) with ESMTP id <20010713223622.XKKF19256.spn25c0@fiu.edu>; Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:36:22 -0400 Message-ID: <3B4F789F.44933223@fiu.edu> Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 18:39:27 -0400 From: Laurie Richardson X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Hernandez Edwin CC: "Dr. Pedro Alcolado" , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: White Plague in Cuba References: <20010713205801.71950.qmail@web11108.mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 645 Dear Pedro: The pathogen of plague type III is the same as the pathogen of plague type II - most closely related (genetic sequence data) to Sphingomonas. You can send samples to me (address below) or to Garriet Smith's lab. He has the coral pathogen data base; my lab interfaces with his closely and directly in pathogen identification. If you plan to send samples, please use a sterile syringe to suck up material directly on the disease line; put in a sterile vial or test tube with one third air (the pathogen is an obligate aerobe); and send via overnight mail. Let Garriet or me know the day before you send samples! If you send it to me, I'll do the preliminary isolation and send suspect pathogens to Garriet - this is the way we have been working with tracking this pathogen with other labs in the Caribbean. If you plan to send it to Garriet - he's in Bermuda for a few weeks teaching a field course. Good luck - Laurie Richardson ps Plague type III does not start at the base of colonies, the pattern of plague type II. It can start anywhere on the colony, usually on the sides. Hernandez Edwin wrote: > Dear coral-listers: > > This short notice is to report a massive outbreak of > White Plague in Culebra Island, Puerto Rico. The > first signs of White Plague in 2001 appeared early > last June. But during the last 3 weeks White Plague > has been killing a significant number of columnar and > platy morphs of Montastrea annularis. > > Similar to the 1997-98 outbreak that was described by > Hernandez-Delgado (in review), it is only affecting > Montastrea annularis. No other species have been > infected in Culebra so far. We wonder if this is an > outbreak of White Plague Type III??? > > Some colonies are showing signs of recent tissue loss > in excess of 15-30 linear cm. We are in the process > of tagging infected colonies and following the > progression of the infection. Also, we'll be trying to > control the disease progression by applying epoxy and > antibiotics. > > Also, I'd like to know if somebody in the list knows > if the ethiological agent of WP-III has been already > identified and which are the characteristics? > > We are in the process of collecting tissue samples for > microbiological analysis. Anybody interested in > samples for confirmation? Please, contact me as soon > as possible since we plan to revisit these sites again > next week. > > I'll post additional information about the progress of > the disease outbreak within the next weeks. > > Regards, > > Edwin A. Hernandez, Ph.D. > Assistant Professor > University of Puerto Rico > Department of Biology > Coral Reef Research Group > P.O.Box 23360 > San Juan, P.R. 00931-3360 > > Tel. (787) 764-0000, x-4855 > Fax (787) 764-2610 > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail > http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/ -- Laurie L. Richardson Associate Professor Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami, Florida USA 33199 phone: 305/348-1988 fax: 305/348-1986 email: richardl@fiu.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 14 08:52:51 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA02851; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 08:52:51 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA14000; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 08:53:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013996; Sat, 14 Jul 01 08:53:17 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGGRO200.8D0 for ; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 08:50:26 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGGRXX00.AP6; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 05:56:21 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA25800; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 05:56:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAeda4yY; Sat, 14 Jul 01 05:56:20 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02218 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 12:53:47 GMT Received: from mail49.fg.online.no (mail49-s.fg.online.no [148.122.161.49]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA02213 for ; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 08:53:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from online.no (ti17a62-0297.dialup.online.no [130.67.242.171]) by mail49.fg.online.no (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA10512 for ; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 14:53:00 +0200 (MET DST) Message-ID: <3B5040A1.9FC578C6@online.no> Date: Sat, 14 Jul 2001 14:52:49 +0200 From: Alf Jacob Nilsen X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (Win95; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral List Subject: Prof. John Lucas mail? Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 646 Dera all, I am searching for the e-mail addres of prof. John Lucas, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia - can anyone help me? cheers Alf J. -- Alf Jacob Nilsen N-4432 Hidrasund NORWAY Phone: +47 383 72256 Fax: +47 383 72351 e-mail: ajnilsen@online.no PRIVATE WEB: http://hjem.sol.no/alfnil BOOK WEB: http://www.mcra.com PHOTO AGENCY: http://www.aquariumworld.com/bioquaticshop ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 14 09:16:51 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA02924; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 09:16:50 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA14057; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 09:17:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014053; Sat, 14 Jul 01 09:16:43 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGGSR400.9CI for ; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 09:13:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGGT1000.IRK; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 06:19:48 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA26463; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 06:19:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAADAaWRZ; Sat, 14 Jul 01 06:19:47 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA02289 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 13:18:48 GMT Message-Id: <200107141318.NAA02289@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 13:53:52 -0400 From: Norman Quinn To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Ph.D. Fellowship Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 647 DISCOVERY BAY MARINE LABORATORY PH.D. FELLOWSHIPS The Centre for Marine Studies at the University of the West Indies, in conjunction with the Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, is offering a Fellowship to a PhD student to support marine fieldwork based at the Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory. The recipient will carry out significant field studies in a scientific discipline relevant to coral reefs. Applications are now invited for the 2002 Fellowship. The Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory was established in the 1960s to support research into all aspects of the biology, geology and hydrology of coral reef ecosystems. Air-conditioned laboratories, boats, diving equipment, running seawater aquaria, and accommodation units are provided at the Laboratory. Discovery Bay is situated in an extraordinarily diverse marine ecosystem on the north shore of Jamaica. The fringing fore reef is very accessible. Access to Discovery Bay is easy with many international flights into Montego Bay International Airport. The maximum value of the Fellowship is approximately US$6,000. The in-kind component provides bench fees at the Laboratory for up to 240 person days, which is worth approximately $4,250 at the student rate. These days may only be used by the Fellow and assistants who accompany the Fellow. The cash component of up to $1,750 may be used for additional laboratory fees, travel, freight, and equipment; it may not be used for living expenses or salary. Unused laboratory fee days are not convertible to cash. Dr. George Warner Centre for Marine Scienes University of the West Indies Mona Campus Kingston, Jamaica Email: gfwarner@uwimona.edu.jm Or Dr. Norman J. Quinn Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory University of the West Indies PO Box 35 Discovery Bay Jamaica Email: nquinn@uwimona.edu.jm ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 14 20:21:13 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA05658; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 20:21:12 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA16628; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 20:21:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016624; Sat, 14 Jul 01 20:21:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGHNJH00.4DE for ; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 20:18:53 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGHNWF00.RS4; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 20:26:39 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA07545; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 20:26:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWPaaVo; Sat, 14 Jul 01 20:26:38 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA03164 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 00:17:32 GMT Received: from yowie.cc.uq.edu.au (root@yowie.cc.uq.edu.au [130.102.2.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA03283 for ; Sat, 14 Jul 2001 20:17:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from Marine43 (marine3.vsap.uq.edu.au [130.102.110.125]) by yowie.cc.uq.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA03560; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 10:15:58 +1000 (GMT+1000) Reply-To: From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" To: "'Alf Jacob Nilsen'" , "'Coral List'" Cc: "'John Lucas'" Subject: RE: Prof. John Lucas mail? Date: Sun, 15 Jul 2001 10:19:26 +1000 Message-ID: <001301c10cc3$cf0127c0$7d6e6682@vsap.uq.edu.au> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook CWS, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <3B5040A1.9FC578C6@online.no> X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 648 Alf. John is now a member of the Centre for Marine Studies at the University of Queensland. His email is: John Lucas [j.lucas@marine.uq.edu.au] Cheers, Ove Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Director, Centre for Marine Studies University of Queensland St Lucia, 4072, QLD Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 Email: oveh@uq.edu.au http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Alf Jacob Nilsen Sent: Saturday, 14 July 2001 10:53 PM To: Coral List Subject: Prof. John Lucas mail? Dera all, I am searching for the e-mail addres of prof. John Lucas, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia - can anyone help me? cheers Alf J. -- Alf Jacob Nilsen N-4432 Hidrasund NORWAY Phone: +47 383 72256 Fax: +47 383 72351 e-mail: ajnilsen@online.no PRIVATE WEB: http://hjem.sol.no/alfnil BOOK WEB: http://www.mcra.com PHOTO AGENCY: http://www.aquariumworld.com/bioquaticshop ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jul 15 22:33:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA11490; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 22:32:59 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA21893; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 22:33:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021889; Sun, 15 Jul 01 22:33:35 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGJOB200.IDL for ; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 22:30:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGJOO200.35V; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 22:38:26 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA19049; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 22:38:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAT0aanL; Sun, 15 Jul 01 22:38:25 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA05728 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 01:25:15 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu (umigw.miami.edu [129.171.97.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id VAA05729 for ; Sun, 15 Jul 2001 21:24:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 29379 invoked by uid 7794); 16 Jul 2001 01:24:54 -0000 Received: from cmoses@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 0.628917 secs); 15/07/2001 21:24:53 Received: from isomacg4.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO ?129.171.103.194?) (129.171.103.194) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 16 Jul 2001 01:24:53 -0000 User-Agent: Microsoft-Entourage/9.0.2509 Date: Sun, 15 Jul 2001 21:24:51 -0400 Subject: "Coral Calcium may be a life saver!" From: "Christopher S. Moses" To: Message-ID: Mime-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 649 Dear List: This was sent to me by a concerned friend and does not rank with threats diseases or bleaching, but it presents what (at least to me) is a new threat to reefs. See the forwarded letter below. ******************************* From: "Liberty Management" Organization: Bell Sympatico Newsgroups: misc.health.diabetes,misc.kids.health,own.health.herbs,own.health.misc,rec.p ets.dogs.health,soc.senior.health+fitness Date: Sun, 15 Jul 2001 07:03:23 -0400 Subject: Coral Calcium maybe a life saver! Hello, I recently became a Proud Member of Liberty Management and Coral Connection. I have been spending quite a bit of time learning everything there is to know about Coral and it's amazing healing powers. Although I am in this for the business, I am quite intrigued by what I have read so far. I am Posting this for 2 reasons, one in the hopes that this product can help some people in their every day lives. two because these products are not cheap I offer you the possibility of being part of a growing business. Please check out these Testimonials, they may change your life. http://www.coralconnection.net/cci/testimonials.html After you have read these and if it inspires you the way it inspired me then you can learn more about the products and the opportunity below. http://www.biz4u2001.com/liberty/ngs.html Regards, Richard Saumier Proud Member of Liberty Management & Coral Connection Part of the Liberty Management Success Team liberty@biz4u2001.com Looking for an excellent Hosting Plan this is the one for you, it includes a secure server and many more features for a very reasonable price. Hosting Plan: http://www.host4profit.com/cgi-bin/home.cgi?8714 The last Hosting service you'll ever need. ************************************** ----------- Christopher S. Moses University of Miami, RSMAS Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami, FL 33149-1098 (305) 361-4812, x.3 cmoses@rsmas.miami.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 16 04:12:20 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA13155; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 04:12:20 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA23672; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 04:13:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023668; Mon, 16 Jul 01 04:13:00 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGK40W00.KD4 for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 04:10:08 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGK4AU00.O2U; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 01:16:06 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA04716; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 01:16:05 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAChaanj; Mon, 16 Jul 01 01:16:05 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA06047 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:24:53 GMT Received: from lepidachrosite.lion-access.net (lepidachrosite.lion-access.net [212.19.217.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA06043 for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 03:24:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from f9y2i3 (1Cust182.tnt4.rtm1.nl.uu.net [213.116.102.182]) by lepidachrosite.lion-access.net (I-Lab) with ESMTP id ABD7FCB09D; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:23:17 +0000 (GMT) From: "GJ Gast" To: "Christopher S. Moses" , Date: Mon, 16 Jul 2001 09:31:24 +1:00 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: Re: "Coral Calcium may be a life saver!" Reply-To: gj@coralvision.org Message-ID: <3B52B46C.24167.19547F@localhost> In-reply-to: X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12c) Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 650 >From elsewhere on the Coral Calcium producers homepages comes the bit below. We're not talking living corals, but beach sand (a lot cheaper, I suppose). Not too much of a direct threat, I'd say. I'm quite mystified why eroded skeletons from corals on Okinawa would have specific healing powers not found in other corals....... Cheers, GJ. >From http://www.coralconnection.net/ Sango Coral: The coral that is used derives from the Scleractinia family. It is a natural product shown to be rich in minerals, above all calcium and magnesium. The coral is one of the oldest materials on the earth. Its origin goes back many thousands of years. The coral has since then survived the entire development of the earth and therefore it is not difficult to understand that the coral is something unique. Reefs Protected: Coral sand is collected from the sea off Okinawa where there is an abundance of Sango coral. Only the sand from the sea bed which is formed when the waves and tide erode the coral reef is collected. The health benefits derived from using coral calcium appear to be exclusive to the Sango coral found only around Okinawa. Coral sand is a pure natural product which contains substances which restore the natural properties of tap water in the space of just a few minutes. It supplies the body with a number of important minerals, including calcium and magnesium and prevents harmful metals from being absorbed. The calcium released from Coral Calcium is 100% absorbed as well! > Dear List: > > This was sent to me by a concerned friend and does not rank with threats > diseases or bleaching, but it presents what (at least to me) is a new threat to > reefs. See the forwarded letter below. > > ******************************* > > From: "Liberty Management" > Organization: Bell Sympatico > Newsgroups: > misc.health.diabetes,misc.kids.health,own.health.herbs,own.health.misc,rec.p > ets.dogs.health,soc.senior.health+fitness Date: Sun, 15 Jul 2001 07:03:23 -0400 > Subject: Coral Calcium maybe a life saver! > > Hello, > > I recently became a Proud Member of Liberty Management and Coral Connection. I > have been spending quite a bit of time learning everything there is to know > about Coral and it's amazing healing powers. Although I am in this for the > business, I am quite intrigued by what I have read so far. > > I am Posting this for 2 reasons, one in the hopes that this product can help > some people in their every day lives. two because these products are not cheap I > offer you the possibility of being part of a growing business. > > Please check out these Testimonials, they may change your life. > > http://www.coralconnection.net/cci/testimonials.html > > After you have read these and if it inspires you the way it inspired me then you > can learn more about the products and the opportunity below. > > http://www.biz4u2001.com/liberty/ngs.html > > Regards, > > Richard Saumier > > Proud Member of Liberty Management & Coral Connection > > Part of the Liberty Management Success Team > > > liberty@biz4u2001.com > > > Looking for an excellent Hosting Plan this is the one for you, it includes a > secure server and many more features for a very reasonable price. > > Hosting Plan: http://www.host4profit.com/cgi-bin/home.cgi?8714 > > The last Hosting service you'll ever need. > > ************************************** > > ----------- > Christopher S. Moses > University of Miami, RSMAS > Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics > 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. > Miami, FL 33149-1098 > (305) 361-4812, x.3 > cmoses@rsmas.miami.edu > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > =============================================== Dr. Gert Jan Gast Oostelijke Handelskade 31 1019BL Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Phone int 31 (0)20 4198607 Email: gj@coralvision.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 16 05:16:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA13387; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 05:16:21 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA23892; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 05:17:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023887; Mon, 16 Jul 01 05:16:22 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGK6YH00.VCN for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 05:13:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGK7BI00.I6Y; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 05:21:18 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA07851; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 05:21:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAQoaqvp; Mon, 16 Jul 01 05:21:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id IAA06083 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 08:33:56 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f221.law14.hotmail.com [64.4.21.221]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA06094 for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 04:33:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 01:33:08 -0700 Received: from 141.163.1.26 by lw14fd.law14.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 08:33:08 GMT X-Originating-IP: [141.163.1.26] From: "julia webb" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Mon, 16 Jul 2001 09:33:08 +0100 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 16 Jul 2001 08:33:08.0314 (UTC) FILETIME=[F0D8A3A0:01C10DD1] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 651 I am currently dating some 500 year old corals using xrays and then counting the growth bands, can anyone tell me how i can then infer past climatic and oceanographic conditions such as paleoshorelines etc... from this method. julia webb _________________________________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 16 07:56:50 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA15055; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:56:50 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA25447; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:57:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025441; Mon, 16 Jul 01 07:56:46 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGKEDU00.UD6 for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:53:54 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGKEQU00.I8C; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 08:01:42 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA15471; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 08:01:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAP9aWnE; Mon, 16 Jul 01 08:01:41 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA06727 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 11:09:57 GMT Message-Id: <200107161109.LAA06727@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Bert and Lucy Williams" To: "Maureen Kuenen" , , Subject: sharphone puffer lesions Date: Sat, 14 Jul 2001 09:25:11 -0300 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 652 Maureen, As I wrote to Julie [on a separate system, so I cannot send a copy], = sharpnose puffers carry marine ich [Cryptocaryon irritans]; however, = this usually does not express in the wild [our 1994 paper in J. Aquat. = Animal Helth]. It could cause lesions similar to what has been = described. This condition could also represent lymphocystis disease = [giant wart-like lesions] [see our 1984 paper on lymphocystis in = Caribbean marine fishes in J. Wildl. Dis.]. However, we have never seen = this in the sharpnose puffer, and it should not occur in such a = prevalence. We can send you copies of the above-mentioned papers, if = this would be of interest. If you can preserve some of these infected puffers in 10% formalin = and send them to us [Dr. E. H. Williams, Dept. Marine Science, Univ. = Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 908, Lajas, PR 00667-0908], then we can tell you = what is causing the lesions. The outbreak described by Julie is unusual, and should be documented = and reported. Bert [see address above] ----- Original Message -----=20 From: Maureen Kuenen=20 To: Anja en Sander=20 Cc: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov ; Julie Ekstrom ; = ehorne@coral.org=20 Sent: Friday, July 13, 2001 11:31 AM Subject: Re: sharpnose puffer tumors Hi Sander and Julie,=20 Diving on Curacao I've seen the same phenomena several times. Indeed = on the sharpnose puffers.=20 Maureen=20 =20 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 16 10:08:24 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA17114; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 10:08:24 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA27648; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 10:09:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027644; Mon, 16 Jul 01 10:08:14 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGKKGX00.LD7 for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 10:05:21 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGKKQW00.DAD; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:11:20 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA28035; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 07:11:19 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAKKa4U2; Mon, 16 Jul 01 07:11:18 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA06997 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 13:22:29 GMT Received: from ns1.carats.net (ns1.carats.net [209.58.22.30]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA06967 for ; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 09:22:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from david (sub-166ip102.carats.net [216.152.166.102]) by ns1.carats.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA20753; Mon, 16 Jul 2001 09:32:44 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <014201c10df6$389b43e0$66a698d8@david> From: "Saba Marine Park $2$" To: "Dricot-Fellenius" , References: <200106261155.LAA03918@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> <3B392F22.CAD5A006@sfu.ca> Subject: Re: Diver Tourism Date: Mon, 16 Jul 2001 08:40:32 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_009A_01C10DD2.F9C33E20" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 653 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_009A_01C10DD2.F9C33E20 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Another LAC based management plan is found on our web-site = www.sabapark.com David Kooistra Manager Saba Marine Park/Saba Hyperbaric Facility PO Box 18, The Bottom Saba, Netherlands Antilles Phone: 599 416 3295 Fax: 599 416 3435 Web-site: www.sabapark.com P.S. please note our new e-mail address smp@unspoiledqueen.com ----- Original Message -----=20 From: Dricot-Fellenius=20 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=20 Sent: Tuesday, 26 June, 2001 20:56 Subject: Re: Diver Tourism I'm running a research project looking at the potential effects of = an =3D=20 increase in diver tourism in the Turks and Caicos Islands, based = mainly =3D=20 around methods for establishing the carrying capacity of the reefs = here. =3D=20 Does anyone know of any papers / web-sites / journals that would be = =3D=20 useful?=20 Iain Ellis,=20 Marine Policy Lecturer,=20 Center for Marine Resource Studies,=20 PO Box 007, South Caicos Iain,=20 Here are a few papers and websites. You may want to check out the = broader literature on carrying capacity in tourism as well. The diving = papers have not really addressed the changing view of carrying capacity. = For a number of years, carrying capacity has been viewed as a management = philosophy rather than the application of a number as in the past. = Several methods are more common, such as LAC (limits of acceptable = change) and TOMM (tourism optimization management model). see = http://www.forestry.umt.edu/personnel/faculty/borrie/planning.html = (excerpt below).=20 Essentially, carrying capacity focuses attention on the question, "How = many is too many?" when the question confronting managers is, "What are = the appropriate or acceptable conditions for visitation and how do we = achieve them?" An example of a planning system that builds upon the = framework of LAC is the Tourism Optimization management Model (TOMM) = developed in Australia. TOMM is a management approach designed to = monitor and manage tourism on a resort and farming island off the coast = of South Australia. Like LAC, the first component of TOMM is an analysis = of the context in which the planning must occur. Just as step 1 of LAC = identifies the social values, issues and concerns, the first phase of = TOMM identifies the community values, as well as the policy and planning = directives of the various stakeholders. TOMM's contextual analysis also = includes examination of the island's tourism products and the trends and = opportunities=20 for the tourism market, much as step 2 of LAC maps out recreational = opportunities. While LAC emphasizes the quality of the environment and = visitor experience, TOMM places more emphasis on the sustainability of = the tourism industry. Toward that end, TOMM goes on to identify and = inventory potentially optimal conditions for tourism to occur (economic, = market, environmental, experiential, and socio-cultural). TOMM, like LAC = was designed to meld the technical expertise of industry and government = with community and conservation group knowledge.=20 best,=20 karl=20 Davis, D., and C. Tisdell. 1995. Recreational scuba-diving and = carrying capacity in=20 marine protected areas. Ocean and Coastal Management = 26(1):19-40.=20 Davis, D., and C. Tisdell. 1996. Economic Management of Recreational = Scuba Diving=20 and the Environment. Journal of Environmental Management 48:229-248. = Dixon, J. A., L. F. Scura, and T. van't Hof. 1993. Meeting = Ecological and Economic=20 Goals: Marine Parks in the Caribbean. Ambio 22(2-3):117-125.=20 Hawkins, J. P., and C. M. Roberts. 1992. Effects of recreational = SCUBA diving on fore-=20 reef slope communities of coral reefs. Biological Conservation = 62:171-178.=20 Hawkins, J. P., and C. M. Roberts. 1993. Effects of recreational = scuba diving on coral=20 reefs: trampling on reef-flat communities. Journal of Applied = Ecology 30:25-30.=20 =20 =20 Karl Fellenius, Masters Candidate=20 School of Resource & Environmental Management=20 8888 University Drive, Simon Fraser University=20 Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, http://www.rem.sfu.ca=20 karlf@sfu.ca ph & fax (604)464-9140 cell (604)377-7597=20 Research:=20 -Tourism for the Community Coastal Zone: Official Community=20 Plans in the Canadian Georgia Basin=20 =20 ------=_NextPart_000_009A_01C10DD2.F9C33E20 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Another LAC based management plan is found on our = web-site www.sabapark.com

David Kooistra
Manager Saba Marine Park/Saba = Hyperbaric=20 Facility
PO Box 18, The Bottom
Saba, Netherlands = Antilles

Phone: 599 416 3295
Fax: 599 416 = 3435

Web-site: www.sabapark.com

P.S. please note our new e-mail address smp@unspoiledqueen.com<= /DIV>

----- Original Message -----

From:=20 Dricot-Fellenius

To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=

Sent: Tuesday, 26 June, 2001 = 20:56

Subject: Re: Diver = Tourism

I'm running a research project looking at = the=20 potential effects of an =3D
increase in diver tourism in the = Turks and=20 Caicos Islands, based mainly =3D
around methods for establishing = the=20 carrying capacity of the reefs here. =3D
Does anyone know of any = papers /=20 web-sites / journals that would be =3D
useful?=20
Iain Ellis,
Marine Policy Lecturer,
Center for Marine = Resource=20 Studies,
PO Box 007, South Caicos

Iain,=20

Here are a few papers and websites. You may want to check out the = broader=20 literature on carrying capacity in tourism as well. The diving papers = have not=20 really addressed the changing view of carrying capacity. For a number = of=20 years, carrying capacity has been viewed as a management philosophy = rather=20 than the application of a number as in the past. Several methods are = more=20 common, such as LAC (limits of acceptable change) and TOMM (tourism=20 optimization management model). see http://www.forestry.umt.edu/personnel/faculty/borrie/planning.html= =20 (excerpt below).=20

Essentially, carrying capacity focuses attention on = the=20 question, "How many is too many?" when the question confronting = managers is,=20 "What are the appropriate or acceptable conditions for visitation and = how do=20 we achieve them?" An example of a planning system that builds upon the = framework of LAC is the Tourism Optimization management Model (TOMM) = developed=20 in Australia. TOMM is a management approach designed to monitor and = manage=20 tourism on a resort and farming island off the coast of South = Australia. Like=20 LAC, the first component of TOMM is an analysis of the context in = which the=20 planning must occur. Just as step 1 of LAC identifies the social = values,=20 issues and concerns, the first phase of TOMM identifies the community = values,=20 as well as the policy and planning directives of the various = stakeholders.=20 TOMM’s contextual analysis also includes examination of the = island’s tourism=20 products and the trends and opportunities
for the=20 tourism market, much as step 2 of LAC maps out recreational = opportunities.=20 While LAC emphasizes the quality of the environment and visitor = experience,=20 TOMM places more emphasis on the sustainability of the tourism = industry.=20 Toward that end, TOMM goes on to identify and inventory potentially = optimal=20 conditions for tourism to occur (economic, market, environmental,=20 experiential, and socio-cultural). TOMM, like LAC was designed to meld = the=20 technical expertise of industry and government with community and = conservation=20 group knowledge.=20

best,=20

karl=20

Davis, D., and C. Tisdell. 1995. Recreational = scuba-diving and=20 carrying capacity in=20
= marine=20 protected areas. Ocean and Coastal Management 26(1):19-40.=20

Davis, D., and C. Tisdell. 1996. Economic Management of = Recreational Scuba Diving
and the Environment. Journal = of=20 Environmental Management 48:229-248.=20

Dixon, J. A., L. F. Scura, and T. van’t Hof. = 1993. Meeting=20 Ecological and Economic
Goals: Marine Parks in the=20 Caribbean. Ambio 22(2-3):117-125.=20

Hawkins, J. P., and C. M. Roberts. 1992. Effects of=20 recreational SCUBA diving on fore-
reef slope communities of = coral=20 reefs. Biological Conservation 62:171-178.=20

Hawkins, J. P., and C. M. Roberts. 1993. Effects of=20 recreational scuba diving on coral
reefs: trampling on = reef-flat communities. Journal of Applied Ecology 30:25-30. =
=20
=20

Karl Fellenius, Masters Candidate
School of Resource &=20 Environmental Management
8888 University Drive, Simon Fraser = University=20
Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, http://www.rem.sfu.ca =
karlf@sfu.ca =20 ph & fax (604)464-9140 cell (604)377-7597=20

Research:
-Tourism for the Community Coastal Zone: Official = Community=20
Plans in the Canadian Georgia Basin
=20

------=_NextPart_000_009A_01C10DD2.F9C33E20-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 17 13:41:14 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA08684; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 13:41:14 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA21901; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 13:41:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021879; Tue, 17 Jul 01 13:41:02 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGMOZL00.4HH for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 13:38:09 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGMP9K00.N56; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 10:44:08 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA28513; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 10:44:07 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAiTaGR3; Tue, 17 Jul 01 10:44:07 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA09781 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 17:36:09 GMT Received: from mtiwmhc22.worldnet.att.net (mtiwmhc22.worldnet.att.net [204.127.131.47]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA09762 for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 13:35:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alinal ([12.77.181.204]) by mtiwmhc22.worldnet.att.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with SMTP id <20010717173524.ZILW13460.mtiwmhc22.worldnet.att.net@alinal> for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 17:35:24 +0000 Message-Id: <3.0.32.20010717133447.006b801c@pop.uncwil.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32) Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2001 13:34:48 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: marine labs in Caribbean Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 654 Dear All: I would like to compile a list of marine labs in the Caribbean with good access to coral reefs that are available for use by researchers and educators. I would greatly appreciate it if those of you that manage such facilities could respond to this request with the information below. I will compile the answers and make it available all those who might be interested. Many thanks for your time! Alina Szmant ********************* Name of marine lab: Country/city located: Airport/transportation info: approx cost to travel to area from major US city (Miami, New York) Contact info for director/manager: Description of facilities: (web site URL): ) Fee structure for visitors, lodging, meals, lab: (if not available on web site) Number and size of groups you can accomodate: Lab equipment and space available: Running seawater facilities: Boat support and costs: Diving costs and availability: Environments: distance to nearest healthy reefs: types of reefs: distance to no-take areas and marine reserves distance to seagrass and mangrove communities Permitting procedures and limitations: contact info for responsible agency: length of time it generally takes to get permits ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina at Wilmington One Marvin K. Moss Lane Wilmington NC 28409 TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410 email: szmanta@uncwil.edu ffff,0000,0000Presently in Key Largo: (305)453-4595 ***************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 17 15:28:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA11883; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:28:32 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA24853; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:29:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024832; Tue, 17 Jul 01 15:29:11 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGMTZU00.1H6 for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:26:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGMUCX00.28J; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:34:09 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA17907; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:34:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAjiaq9I; Tue, 17 Jul 01 15:34:07 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA09942 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 19:29:56 GMT Received: from orcinus.mote.org (orcinus.mote.org [216.142.140.56]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA10026 for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:29:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from teach.mote.org ([216.141.219.194] helo=EMM1) by orcinus.mote.org with esmtp (Exim 3.31 #1) id 15MaXE-0005Vh-00; Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:29:32 -0400 Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2001 15:27:05 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) From: Erich Mueller To: "Alina M. Szmant" cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: marine labs in Caribbean In-Reply-To: <3.0.32.20010717133447.006b801c@pop.uncwil.edu> Message-ID: X-X-Sender: emueller@orcinus.mote.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 655 Alina, I suppose we could consider ourselves in the "Greater Caribbean" so I have replied to your query. Hope to see Rob this week and get an update on his progress. Ciao, Erich <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director Phone: (305) 745-2729 Mote Marine Laboratory FAX: (305) 745-2730 Center for Tropical Research Email: emueller@mote.org 24244 Overseas Highway (US 1) Summerland Key, FL 33042 Center Website-> http://www.mote.org/~emueller/CTRHome.phtml Mote Marine Laboratory Website-> http://www.mote.org Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional policy unless so indicated. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, 17 Jul 2001, Alina M. Szmant wrote: > Dear All: > > > I would like to compile a list of marine labs in the Caribbean with good > access to coral reefs that are available for use by researchers and > educators. I would greatly appreciate it if those of you that manage > such facilities could respond to this request with the information below. > I will compile the answers and make it available all those who might be > interested. > > > Many thanks for your time! > > > Alina Szmant > > > ********************* > > Name of marine lab: Mote Marine Laboratory, Center for Tropical Research Country/city located: US / Summerland Key, FL Airport/transportation info: Accessible by road. Closest airport is Key West (24 miles). New York to/from Key West airfare ~$400.00 Contact info for director/manager: scientific questions: Erich Mueller, Director; reservations, Pete Braisted, Chief Operating Officer 24244 Overseas Highway phone: (305) 745-2729 Summerland Key, FL 33042 FAX: (305) 745-2730 email: ctr-info@mote.org Description of facilities: see www.mote.org/~emueller/CTRHome.phtm Fee structure for visitors, lodging, meals, lab: 2001 facility use fees include bench fees and accommodations: $30.00/day; weekly and monthly rates available Number and size of groups you can accomodate: There are 29 beds total. There are three 1-bedroom apartments each holding a maximum of four. There is a dorm-style unit with 17 beds (this can be divided into two units only one of which has a kitchen). Lab equipment and space available: Dry and wet lab space available for visitors. See Web site for basic equipment list or request complete listing. Running seawater facilities: Water from well system. Three outdoor raceways (24"Wx24"Dx120"L) and three outdoor wet tables (30"Wx8"Dx96"L). Outdoor systems under 70% shadecloth. One indoor wet table (24"Wx8"Dx96"L) and one indoor sorting table (24"Wx2"Dx96"L). Boat support and costs: Three vessels 18 to 26'. All vessels MUST be operated by Mote personnel which are in addition to boat rate. Rental boats available close by for investigator use. The 46' R/V Eugenie Clark is available by special arrangement for offshore work. Diving costs and availability: All divers must be AAUS cetified by their home institution or meet the same requirements. Weights are included in facility use fees. Use of SCUBA tanks is $5.00 per tank. Environments: distance to nearest healthy reefs: "Healthy" reefs being relative.... Looe Key is 7 nm. Other reefs as close as 4 nm. types of reefs: bank/barrier and patch reefs distance to no-take areas and marine reserves: There are several Sanctuary Preservation Areas accessible, the closest is ~ 4nm. There are two accessible (6-10 nm) Research-Only areas (Looe Key and Eastern Sambo). The Western Sambos Ecological Reserve is also accessible (~12 nm). Small boats work from Sombrero Key (near Marathon) to the Marquesas (25 nm west of Key West). Tortugas area accessible only by use of the R/V Eugenie Clark. distance to seagrass and mangrove communities: 1-2 nm Permitting procedures and limitations: Virtually all research in the Florida Keys falls within the jurisdiction of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Florida Wildlife Conservation Commission. Most research activities require a permit. Collecting of small numbers of unrestricted species is possible with a Florida fishing license available throughout the State. Suggest contacting agencies to confirm what is necessary. contact info for responsible agency: FKNMS: Ms. Joanne Delaney; (305) 743-2437 Ext. 32 Florida FWC: Ms. Kat Etheridge; (850) 488-6058 length of time it generally takes to get permits: 4-8 weeks ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul 18 10:20:36 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA21411; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 10:20:36 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA06343; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 10:21:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006330; Wed, 18 Jul 01 10:21:04 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGOAEB00.OHD for ; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 10:18:11 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGOAOA00.HNL; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 07:24:10 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA28527; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 07:24:10 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmvaWR3; Wed, 18 Jul 01 07:24:09 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA12007 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 14:17:48 GMT Received: from web9604.mail.yahoo.com (web9604.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.129.183]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA11970 for ; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 10:17:24 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010718141716.66472.qmail@web9604.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [209.58.16.57] by web9604.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Wed, 18 Jul 2001 15:17:16 BST Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2001 15:17:16 +0100 (BST) From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Duncan=20Vaughan?= Subject: Fishing and national park fees throughout the Caribbean To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA12007 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 656 I am in the process of reviewing the licence fees for fishing and access for national parks within the Turks and Caicos Islands because they have not been raised for about 15 years. To that end I would appreciate it if anybody could supply me with the costs of licences within other Caribbean countries and the year in which those costs were established so that a comparable licence fee can be ascertained. Any information is greatly appreciated. Duncan Vaughan Chief Conservation Officer ***************************************************** Department of Environment and Coastal Resources South Caicos Turks and Caicos Islands British West Indies Tel./Fax.: 649 946 3306 Mobile: 946 231 3746 Emails: decrsouth@tciway.tc or duncanvaughan@yahoo.co.uk ****************************************************** Licences currently available in the TCI are as follows: Costs of licences issued under the Fisheries Protection Ordinance Commercial Fisherman=92s Licence=09 Belongers $40.00 Others $150.00 Sports fishing Licence=09 Belongers No licence requirement Residents other than Belongers $30.00 Visitors (valid for 30 days from the issue date)$15.00 Commercial Fishing Vessel Licence=09 (i)Length not exceeding 20 ft overall=09 Local $35.00 Foreign owned $2,000.00 (ii) Length exceeding 20 ft but not exceeding 30ft overall=09 Local $150.00 Foreign owned $3,000.00 (iii) Length exceeding 30 ft overall=09 Local $200.00 Foreign owned $4,000.00 Sports fishing Charter Vessel Licence=09 (i)Length not exceeding 20 ft overall $200.00 (ii)Length exceeding 20 ft but not exceeding 30 ft overall $300.00 Ordinary Fishing Vessel Licence=09 (i)Length not exceeding 20 ft overall=09 Local $20.00 Foreign $75.00 (ii) Length exceeding 20 ft but not exceeding 30 ft overall =09 Local $40.00 Foreign $100.00 Tournament Fishing Vessel Licence (per tournament)$100.00 Tournament Fishing Licence (per tournament)$50.00 Processing or Export Licence $8,000.00 Costs of licences issued under the National Parks Ordinance National Park User Licence=09 Vessels up to 16 ft and powered only by human effort (paddles, oars, sails) No charge All other vessels up to 30 ft $200.00 Vessel 30 =96 60 ft $300.00 Vessels with a length greater than 60 ft $500.00 ____________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.co.uk address at http://mail.yahoo.co.uk or your free @yahoo.ie address at http://mail.yahoo.ie ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 19 13:01:42 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA16955; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 13:01:42 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05797; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 13:02:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005774; Thu, 19 Jul 01 13:02:12 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGQCIW00.TL2 for ; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 12:59:20 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGQCW000.IN0; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 13:07:12 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA01919; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 13:07:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmlaWVd; Thu, 19 Jul 01 13:07:11 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA14879 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 16:51:54 GMT Received: from mar.icmyl.unam.mx (acalli.icmyl.unam.mx [132.248.15.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA14531 for ; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 12:51:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MiguelAngel ([132.248.121.44]) by mar.icmyl.unam.mx (8.11.0/8.11.0) with SMTP id f6JGoEt31208 for ; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 11:50:15 -0500 Message-ID: <003301c1107b$cdf51f60$2c79f884@Dgsca.unam.mx> From: "Miguel Angel Maldonado Cuevas" To: "Coral list" Subject: White Plague in Mexican Caribbean Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 11:53:59 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0030_01C11049.7F426800" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4522.1200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 657 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0030_01C11049.7F426800 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear coral-listers: This notice is to report the presence of several Diploria strigosa, and = a few Montastrea annularis, colonies showing sings of White Plague type II = in Puerto Morelos Reef, Mexican Caribbean. Affected colonies were first observed by the end of June 2001 and their numbers are apparently = increasing. No other species have been observed affected by this disease in the area. Some infected colonies are being tagged in order to follow the progression of the disease. Biol. Miguel Angel Maldonado Cuevas Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnolog=EDa Unidad Acad=E9mica Puerto Morelos Puerto Morelos Q. Roo. Tel (5) 6228596-97 01 (987) 10219 ext. 48 ------=_NextPart_000_0030_01C11049.7F426800 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Dear coral-listers:

This = notice is to=20 report the presence of several Diploria strigosa, and a
few = Montastrea=20 annularis, colonies showing sings of White Plague type II in
Puerto = Morelos=20 Reef, Mexican Caribbean. Affected colonies were first
observed = by the=20 end of June 2001 and their numbers are apparently increasing.

No = other=20 species have been observed affected by this disease in = the
area. Some=20 infected colonies are being tagged in order to follow the
progression = of the=20 disease.

Biol. Miguel Angel Maldonado = Cuevas
Instituto=20 de Ciencias del Mar y Limnolog=EDa
Unidad Acad=E9mica Puerto = Morelos
Puerto=20 Morelos Q. Roo.
Tel (5) 6228596-97
01 (987) 10219 ext.=20 48

------=_NextPart_000_0030_01C11049.7F426800-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 19 18:58:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA23664; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:58:00 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA13356; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:58:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013341; Thu, 19 Jul 01 18:58:15 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGQT0B00.TM2 for ; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:55:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGQTAA00.GS6; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 16:01:22 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA06410; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 16:01:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAlfaiHm; Thu, 19 Jul 01 16:01:20 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA15369 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 22:55:52 GMT Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu (vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA15431 for ; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:55:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON by uncwil.edu (PMDF V5.2-33 #42253) id <01K64J6YLL4G94DR1U@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:55:27 EDT Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V5.2-33 #42253) with ESMTP id <01K64J6XRZGQ91VVH6@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:55:26 -0400 (EDT) Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 19:00:19 -0400 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Soliciting proposals for use of Aquarius U/W habitat X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20010719184421.02a8b910@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Boundary_(ID_HI5WaC0qmiBIM6NIuagniQ)" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 658 --Boundary_(ID_HI5WaC0qmiBIM6NIuagniQ) Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Dear All: The deadline for submission of proposals for coral reef or related research using the unique research facility provided by the U/W Habitat Aquarius is fast approaching. The habitat is located at ca. 60 ft depth at the outer edge of the Florida reef tract, off Conch Reef. It is an ideal research platform for studies that require lots and lots of U/W time and night diving, and/or require access to computers and other electronic lab or field equipment. It can accomodate dive teams of 4 scientists, and additional scientific support can be accomodated on-shore at the field lab. The NURC/UNCW program tries to fund 6 to 8 research programs each funding year for high-quality research using the habitat. Investigators can also request additional day-boat support for complimentary work in shallower water. Proposals are due August 20th. A more detailed description of the entire NURC RFP follows. Please contact Dr. Steven Miller or myself if you'd like more information about the capabilities of the habitat, or to discuss potential research ideas. We strongly encourage investigators from other countries to consider applying for Aquarius time. Cheers, Alina Szmant *********************************** CORAL REEF RESEARCH FUNDING: FINAL NOTICE Aquarius Underwater Laboratory in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Aquarius is part of a multifaceted coral research program that is operated by The National Undersea Research Center at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. The underwater laboratory is a saturation diving facility located at Conch Reef, 3.5 miles offshore, approximately 60 feet deep, and adjacent to well developed deep spur and groove coral reefs. The advantages of saturation diving from Aquarius over conventional surface based diving are significant: 1. Nearly unlimited bottom time (9 hours at 95 feet or less) 2. Platform with sophisticated power and computer capabilities to conduct in situ experiments 3. Round the clock access to the coral reef that is independent of surface based support Educational and outreach opportunities also exist based on newly installed video conferencing equipment that allows point-to-point connections anywhere in the world fast and easy. Web cameras and video streaming are also routinely used to support education and outreach efforts. For more information please visit: http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc/aquarius Projects are selected by peer review based on scientific merit and relevance to the program's mission. A maximum of $50,000 in science support may be requested. Awards from previous years averaged $25,000 and are partly determined by NOAA funding to the center, and partly by peer review rankings. Undersea system and support vessel time are provided by the center at no cost to the principal investigator. A full description of the entire 2002 research announcement for work throughout the southeast United States can be found at the center's web site: http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc. For 2002, in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and the Dry Tortugas the following projects are identified as high priority, but proposals are not limited only to these topics: Descriptive and process based studies that evaluate the effectiveness of marine protected areas. Coral reef research and monitoring programs that help managers identify factors affecting the condition of coral reefs in Florida, especially work that helps distinguish between natural and humancaused changes. Studies that increase our knowledge of factors that affect biodiversity on coral reefs and other nearshore habitats in the Florida Keys. Monitoring and research projects that specifically identify factors responsible for causing direct and indirect effects of coral decline. For example, how much coral is killed by coral bleaching, disease, and other factors? Coral studies that focus on factors affecting recruitment, including ecology, population genetics, and innovative work that enhances recruitment rates for restoration. Studies that measure coral growth and/or bioerosion rates, especially within the context of factors affecting coral reef condition. Innovative projects that use or develop bioindicators (at biochemical or organismal scales) to assess overall reef condition, or detect significant ecological or environmental change (e.g. nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, global warming). Whole organism studies are sought that focus on (but are not limited to) echinoderms, smaller benthic invertebrates, and other benthic species that respond quickly to environmental change. Available systems in addition to Aquarius (as indicated in previous announcements) to support undersea research in 2002 include: Scuba and nitrox diving throughout the Keys, including shore based and laboratory support out of the center's Key Largo facility. Mixed gas scuba diving to 300 fsw. Remotely Operated Vehicles to 900 fsw. Saturation diving from the Aquarius undersea laboratory Preliminary proposals are strongly encouraged to ensure that proposed research is appropriate for current science initiatives and are operationally feasible. Preproposals consist of a brief, twopage or less description of the proposed investigation, including objectives, methods, justification and budget. Proposal guidelines contain a full description of center facilities and systems, proposal conditions and format, and required forms and are available at the Center's web site (address above). Proposal deadline: Final Proposals must be received by the center no later than August 20, 2001. For further information, contact: Thomas Potts NURC/UNCW 5600 Masonboro Loop Road 1 Marvin Moss Lane Wilmington, NC 28409 Ph: 9109622442 Fax: 9109622444 pottst@uncwil.edu For questions related to the Florida Program or Aquarius please contact: Dr. Steven Miller NURC/UNCW 3054510233 millers@uncwil.edu --Boundary_(ID_HI5WaC0qmiBIM6NIuagniQ) Content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Dear All:

The deadline for submission of proposals for coral reef or related research using the unique research facility provided by the U/W Habitat Aquarius is fast approaching. The habitat is located at ca. 60 ft depth at the outer edge of the Florida reef tract, off Conch Reef. It is an ideal research platform for studies that require lots and lots of U/W time and night diving, and/or require access to computers and other electronic lab or field equipment. It can accomodate dive teams of 4 scientists, and additional scientific support can be accomodated on-shore at the field lab. The NURC/UNCW program tries to fund 6 to 8 research programs each funding year for high-quality research using the habitat. Investigators can also request additional day-boat support for complimentary work in shallower water.

Proposals are due August 20th. A more detailed description of the entire NURC RFP follows. Please contact Dr. Steven Miller or myself if you'd like more information about the capabilities of the habitat, or to discuss potential research ideas. We strongly encourage investigators from other countries to consider applying for Aquarius time.

Cheers,

Alina Szmant

***********************************

CORAL REEF RESEARCH FUNDING: FINAL NOTICE

Aquarius Underwater Laboratory in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary

Aquarius is part of a multifaceted coral research program that is operated by The National Undersea Research Center at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. The underwater laboratory is a saturation diving facility located at Conch Reef, 3.5 miles offshore, approximately 60 feet deep, and adjacent to well developed deep spur and groove coral reefs. The advantages of saturation diving from Aquarius over conventional surface based diving are significant:

1. Nearly unlimited bottom time (9 hours at 95 feet or less)
2. Platform with sophisticated power and computer capabilities to conduct in situ experiments
3. Round the clock access to the coral reef that is independent of surface based support

Educational and outreach opportunities also exist based on newly installed video conferencing equipment that allows point-to-point connections anywhere in the world fast and easy. Web cameras and video streaming are also routinely used to support education and outreach efforts. For more information please visit: http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc/aquarius

Projects are selected by peer review based on scientific merit and relevance to the program's mission. A maximum of $50,000 in science support may be requested. Awards from previous years averaged $25,000 and are partly determined by NOAA funding to the center, and partly by peer review rankings. Undersea system and support vessel time are provided by the center at no cost to the principal investigator. A full description of the entire 2002 research announcement for work throughout the southeast United States can be found at the center's web site:
http://www.uncwil.edu/nurc.

For 2002, in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and the Dry Tortugas the following projects are identified as high priority, but proposals are not limited only to these topics:

     Descriptive and process based studies that evaluate the effectiveness of marine protected areas.

     Coral reef research and monitoring programs that help managers identify factors affecting the condition of coral reefs in Florida, especially work that helps distinguish between natural and humancaused changes.

     Studies that increase our knowledge of factors that affect biodiversity on coral reefs and other nearshore habitats in the Florida Keys.

     Monitoring and research projects that specifically identify factors responsible for causing direct and indirect effects of coral decline. For example, how much coral is killed by coral bleaching, disease, and other factors?

     Coral studies that focus on factors affecting recruitment, including ecology, population genetics, and innovative work that enhances recruitment rates for restoration.

     Studies that measure coral growth and/or bioerosion rates, especially within the context of factors affecting coral reef condition.

     Innovative projects that use or develop bioindicators (at biochemical or organismal scales) to assess overall reef condition, or detect significant ecological or environmental change (e.g. nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, global warming). Whole organism studies are sought that focus on (but are not limited to) echinoderms, smaller benthic invertebrates, and other benthic species that respond quickly to environmental change.

Available systems in addition to Aquarius (as indicated in previous announcements) to support undersea research in 2002 include:

     Scuba and nitrox diving throughout the Keys, including shore based and laboratory support out of the center's Key Largo facility.

     Mixed gas scuba diving to 300 fsw.

     Remotely Operated Vehicles to 900 fsw.

     Saturation diving from the Aquarius undersea laboratory

Preliminary proposals are strongly encouraged to ensure that proposed research is appropriate for current science initiatives and are operationally feasible. Preproposals consist of a brief, twopage or less description of the proposed investigation, including objectives, methods, justification and budget. Proposal guidelines contain a full description of center facilities and systems, proposal conditions and format, and required forms and are available at the Center's web site (address above).

Proposal deadline: Final Proposals must be received by the center no later than August 20, 2001.

For further information, contact:

Thomas Potts
NURC/UNCW
5600 Masonboro Loop Road
1 Marvin Moss Lane
Wilmington, NC 28409
Ph: 9109622442
Fax: 9109622444
pottst@uncwil.edu

For questions related to the Florida Program or Aquarius please contact:

Dr. Steven Miller
NURC/UNCW
3054510233
millers@uncwil.edu

--Boundary_(ID_HI5WaC0qmiBIM6NIuagniQ)-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 20 08:48:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA00755; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:48:34 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA21104; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:49:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021058; Fri, 20 Jul 01 08:48:38 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGRVG900.GN9 for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:45:45 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGRVTE00.U8I; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:53:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA06362; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:53:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApUaiBm; Fri, 20 Jul 01 08:53:37 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA17075 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 12:49:02 GMT Received: from imo-d09.mx.aol.com (imo-d09.mx.aol.com [205.188.157.41]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA17073 for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:48:53 -0400 (EDT) From: EricHugo@aol.com Received: from EricHugo@aol.com by imo-d09.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31.7.) id d.17.18bd3f2d (16790); Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:48:09 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <17.18bd3f2d.28898288@aol.com> Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 08:48:08 EDT Subject: Re: White Plague in Mexican Caribbean To: maldonad@mar.icmyl.unam.mx, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 5.0 for Mac sub 29 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 659 Newly started WP II was also seen on a few isolated colonies of M. faveolata at Tormentos reef and Chancanaab reef, Cozumel, Quintana Roo. I was surprised to see no other diseases except what appeared to be old cases of Aspergillosis. Eric Borneman ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 20 12:04:16 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA05428; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 12:04:16 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA26422; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 12:04:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026402; Fri, 20 Jul 01 12:03:58 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGS4HU00.NNX for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 12:01:06 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGS4UZ00.NA1; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 12:08:59 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA02839; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 12:08:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAACoaWHf; Fri, 20 Jul 01 12:08:58 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA17527 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 15:44:45 GMT Received: from mess.nodc.noaa.gov (alcatraz.nodc.noaa.gov [140.90.235.254]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA17549 for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 11:44:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from client by server with ESMTP id GGS3PE00.PCW for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 11:44:02 -0400 Message-ID: <3B585235.CAB7F55B@nodc.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 11:45:57 -0400 From: "Roger Torstenson" Organization: nodc.noaa.gov X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Earth System Monitor References: <5.1.0.14.2.20010719184421.02a8b910@pop.uncwil.edu> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 660 Hello Once again I am looking for articles for NOAA's quarterly, the Earth System Monitor. Articles are welcome from any research institute worldwide with a focus on marine issues. I would be happy to answer any questions. Roger Torstenson, Editor The "Earth System Monitor" is a 16-page (maximum) publication released quarterly by NESDIS' National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) through staff of the NODC Coastal Ocean Laboratory. The publication is printed as grayscale with an additional spot color for contrast. Its primary focus is to highlight ongoing NESDIS research, publications, products, and programs and is circulated worldwide to various oceanographic and academic institutions as well as to government agencies and the general public. The ESM also includes submissions and announcements from other NOAA organizations such as NWS, ORCA, NMFS, etc. to help disseminate information about NOAA and its achievements. Due to the restricted size of the publication, "full-feature" articles are usually submitted as ASCII or Wordperfect files, with a maximum size of 6 full pages (including graphics, captions, and references) in 9 or 10-point single-spaced type. Many articles submitted are not this long, and one-two page articles are also accepted. As any submitted article will be reformatted to fit the specifications of the ESM during the layout process, so special formatting is unnecessary. Articles are generally submitted via e-mail. All authors and contact information should be included. Captions are generally listed at the end of the article as a list (i.e. Figure 1, Satellite image of wetland x, Figure 2, Closeup of wildlife in wetland x, etc.) - figure captions are set separately during layout. Graphics and figures should be cited in the article within the associated text. Full credit is given to all contributors in regards to text and graphics; photo credits are typically included as part of the caption. If hardcopy photos are borrowed, they are returned to the contributor after being digitized. There should be a "good balance" between amount of text and graphics; the largest articles may include 6-7 figures. Graphics are published in the ESM as greyscale, and color figures will be converted accordingly. If digitized images are submitted, a good, clear, 300 dpi .TIF (full color or greyscale)file gives the best results during the printing process. .JPG, .AI, .BMP formats are also acceptable; the .GIF format is NOT recommended for printed documents due to its indexed color form and inherently low resolution. Embedded graphics cannot be accepted; graphic files must be separate from text. All material may be e-mailed or sent through direct mail as needed; if files are very large an FTP transfer can be utilized. The editors of the ESM make every attempt to work with its authors and to FAX a draft of the final copy before printing. Final editorial control is the reponsibility of the NODC; however, every effort is made to retain all submitted material in its original form without unwarranted edits. Contributors may contact the NODC for extra copies of the ESM as needed. All authors are welcome to contact the ESM editors at any time. The ESM is produced with Adobe Pagemaker in conjunction with Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Corel Draw, and other software as needed. Material to be published in the September 2001 issue of the ESM needs to be received by September 7, 2001 at the latest in order to allow for production, proofing, and editing. I hope this gives enough details!, but please contact me if any information or help is needed. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 21 04:04:58 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA17137; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 04:04:57 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA11932; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 04:05:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011924; Sat, 21 Jul 01 04:05:36 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGTD0K00.4RJ for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 04:02:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGTDDQ00.0P6; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 04:10:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA15426; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 04:10:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAA2aiiE; Sat, 21 Jul 01 04:10:37 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id IAA00874 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 08:06:41 GMT Received: from imo-d02.mx.aol.com (imo-d02.mx.aol.com [205.188.157.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA00869 for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 04:06:34 -0400 (EDT) From: Warriorwrk@aol.com Received: from Warriorwrk@aol.com by imo-d02.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31.9.) id b.4d.e808860 (7866) for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 14:17:56 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <4d.e808860.2889cfd4@aol.com> Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 14:17:56 EDT Subject: CORAL FROM PBS SHOW To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="part1_4d.e808860.2889cfd4_boundary" X-Mailer: AOL 6.0 for Windows US sub 10527 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 661 --part1_4d.e808860.2889cfd4_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I am a researcher for an IMAX film production company called MacGillivray Freeman Films. We're producing a film about coral reefs that will be released early in 2003. We watched a U.S. PBS Nature documentary that aired in May 2001 called "Australia's Little Assasins." That show contained brief footage of a coral that apparently shoots out toxic 'spears' to gather its prey. We understand from PBS that the footage comes from a BBC documentary aired in 1992 called "New Guinea," filmed by Neal Nightingale. While I am contacting BBC to get more info on the footage itself, I'm hoping someone in the coral world also saw the documentary, or is familiar with this species and can help me identify it and point me to where I might learn more about it. Of course, if anyone happens to know anything about the footage itself, I'm all ears! I'll look forward to your reply and thank you for your help. I've been watching the Coral-List for more than a year and have appreciated the many things there are to learn and the many people who care so passionately about the world's coral communities. Best regards, Janna Emmel MacGillivray Freeman Films P: 605-574-2739 F: 605-574-4483 E: warriorwrk@aol.com --part1_4d.e808860.2889cfd4_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I am a researcher for an IMAX film production company called MacGillivray
Freeman Films. We're producing a film about coral reefs that will be
released early in 2003. We watched a U.S. PBS Nature documentary that aired
in May 2001 called "Australia's Little Assasins." That show contained brief
footage of a coral that apparently shoots out toxic 'spears' to gather its
prey. We understand from PBS that the footage comes from a BBC documentary
aired in 1992 called "New Guinea," filmed by Neal Nightingale. While I am
contacting BBC to get more info on the footage itself, I'm hoping someone in
the coral world also saw the documentary, or is familiar with this species
and can help me identify it and point me to where I might learn more about
it. Of course, if anyone happens to know anything about the footage itself,
I'm all ears!

I'll look forward to your reply and thank you for your help. I've been
watching the Coral-List for more than a year and have appreciated the many
things there are to learn and the many people who care so passionately about
the world's coral communities.
Best regards,
Janna Emmel
MacGillivray Freeman Films
P: 605-574-2739
F: 605-574-4483
E: warriorwrk@aol.com --part1_4d.e808860.2889cfd4_boundary-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 21 09:26:25 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA18978; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 09:26:25 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA13923; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 09:27:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013919; Sat, 21 Jul 01 09:26:15 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGTRUZ00.1PY for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 09:23:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGTS8500.JSF; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 09:31:17 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA23673; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 09:31:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbXa4oU; Sat, 21 Jul 01 09:31:15 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA01704 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 13:27:22 GMT Message-Id: <200107211327.NAA01704@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 16:46:43 -0700 From: Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy Subject: New Version of Environmental Change/Biodiversity Bibliography Now Available To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 662 The latest version of the Pacific Institute's bibliography on environmental change (which we define as climate change and ozone depletion issues) and its impacts on biodiversity and associated ecosystems, as well as agriculture, has been updated, with more than 300 new citations added since the last update in May. The bibliography is searchable and soon will be downloadable into popular bibliographical software packages, including Endnote, Procite and Reference Manager. To access the bibliography, go to: http://pacinst.org/wildlife.html Suggestions for additions or corrections to the bibliography will be greatly appreciated. If you wish to be informed of future updates, subscribe to our announcement list on the site's index page. Wil Burns, Senior Associate Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security 654 13th St., Preservation Park Oakland, CA 94612 USA Phone: 510.251.1600 Fax: 510.251.2203 Cell: 650.703.3280 wburns@pacinst.org http://www.pacinst.org/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 21 11:00:28 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA19445; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 11:00:27 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA14392; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 11:01:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014388; Sat, 21 Jul 01 11:00:58 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGTW8T00.MO8 for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 10:58:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGTWIU00.RLW; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 08:04:06 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA06450; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 08:04:06 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA8Ga4Lm; Sat, 21 Jul 01 08:04:05 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA01839 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 15:00:56 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA01837 for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 11:00:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 318 for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 10:08:13 -0500 Message-ID: <3B59990A.F569B9E4@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Sat, 21 Jul 2001 10:00:26 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral list Subject: [Fwd: New Version of Environmental Change/Biodiversity Bibliography] Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------11847CBA1DC950822ED8F371" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 663 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------11847CBA1DC950822ED8F371 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------2D7798DC0DE2CE8B972CE500" --------------2D7798DC0DE2CE8B972CE500 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I have received the following message from the Pacific Insitute: "The latest version of the Pacific Institute's bibliography on environmental change (which we define as climate change and ozone depletion issues) and its impacts on biodiversity and associated ecosystems, as well as agriculture, has been updated, with more than 300 new citations added since the last update in May. The bibliography is searchable and soon will be downloadable into popular bibliographical software packages, including Endnote, Procite and Reference Manager. To access the bibliography, go to: http://pacinst.org/wildlife.html" I have done a bit of browsing oin the bibliography, and it looks like a convenient and useful tool. Bob Buddemeier -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu --------------2D7798DC0DE2CE8B972CE500 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I have received the following message from the Pacific Insitute:

"The latest version of the Pacific Institute's bibliography on environmental
change (which we define as climate change and ozone depletion issues) and its
impacts on biodiversity and associated ecosystems, as well as agriculture, has
been updated, with more than 300 new citations added since the last update in
May. The bibliography is searchable and soon will be downloadable into popular
bibliographical software packages, including Endnote, Procite and Reference
Manager. To access the bibliography, go to: http://pacinst.org/wildlife.html"

I have done a bit of browsing oin the bibliography, and it looks like a convenient and useful tool.

Bob Buddemeier

--
Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
Kansas Geological Survey
University of Kansas
1930 Constant Avenue
Lawrence, KS 66047 USA
Ph (1) (785) 864-2112
Fax (1) (785) 864-5317
e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
--------------2D7798DC0DE2CE8B972CE500-- --------------11847CBA1DC950822ED8F371 Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Return-Path: Received: from pangaea.kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.140.10]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 372 for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 19:05:52 -0500 Received: from lbrout07.listbuilder.com (lbrout07.listbuilder.com [206.132.79.207]) by pangaea.kgs.ukans.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id SAA13674 for ; Fri, 20 Jul 2001 18:58:04 -0500 (CDT) Received: (qmail 19703 invoked by uid 0); 20 Jul 2001 23:54:10 -0000 Date: 20 Jul 2001 23:54:10 -0000 Message-ID: <995673250.18580.qmail@ech> To: List Member Reply-To: jiwlp-feedback-177@lb.bcentral.com From: "JIWLP" Subject: New Version of Environmental Change/Biodiversity Bibliography The latest version of the Pacific Institute's bibliography on environmental change (which we define as climate change and ozone depletion issues) and its impacts on biodiversity and associated ecosystems, as well as agriculture, has been updated, with more than 300 new citations added since the last update in May. The bibliography is searchable and soon will be downloadable into popular bibliographical software packages, including Endnote, Procite and Reference Manager. To access the bibliography, go to: http://pacinst.org/wildlife.html Suggestions for additions or corrections to the bibliography will be greatly appreciated. If you wish to be informed of future updates, subscribe to our announcement list on the site's index page. Wil Burns, Senior Associate Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security 654 13th St., Preservation Park Oakland, CA 94612 USA Phone: 510.251.1600 Fax: 510.251.2203 Cell: 650.703.3280 wburns@pacinst.org http://www.pacinst.org/ _______________________________________________________________________ Powered by List Builder To unsubscribe follow the link: http://lb.bcentral.com/ex/manage/subscriberprefs?customerid=9025&subid=3A75119231C51E0B&msgnum=177 --------------11847CBA1DC950822ED8F371-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 21 23:13:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id XAA22520; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 23:12:59 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA17450; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 23:13:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017446; Sat, 21 Jul 01 23:13:13 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGUU5800.AR4 for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 23:10:20 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGUUF900.JSV; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 20:16:21 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA23682; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 20:16:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAN9aOpU; Sat, 21 Jul 01 20:16:20 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA02758 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 03:13:09 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.ncep.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA02750 for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 23:12:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([4.48.93.201]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGUU0R00.ESP for ; Sat, 21 Jul 2001 23:07:39 -0400 Message-ID: <3B5A523B.F3D6479@noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 21 Jul 2001 23:10:35 -0500 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list Subject: Bleaching Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 664 HELLO: Texas Flower Gardens Iwo Jima Enewetok Okinawa HotSpot charts indicate bleaching may be immenint in this region http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html Regions where SSTs are within 1/2 deg C of potential bleaching levels: FLA Keys Guam/Sipian Bahamas [middle] Midway Confirmations [positive/negative] appreciated. AE Strong NOAA/NESDIS ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jul 22 13:29:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA26035; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 13:29:30 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA21119; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 13:30:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021115; Sun, 22 Jul 01 13:29:15 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGVXRY00.TPH for ; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 13:26:22 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGVY5700.A0U; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 13:34:19 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA03739; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 13:34:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoIa4sh; Sun, 22 Jul 01 13:34:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA04570 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 17:26:16 GMT Received: from web11104.mail.yahoo.com (web11104.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.131.151]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id NAA04568 for ; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 13:26:05 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010722172602.29805.qmail@web11104.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [196.42.38.233] by web11104.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Sun, 22 Jul 2001 10:26:02 PDT Date: Sun, 22 Jul 2001 10:26:02 -0700 (PDT) From: Hernandez Edwin Subject: First signs of bleaching in Puerto Rico To: Alan E Strong , coral-list In-Reply-To: <3B5A523B.F3D6479@noaa.gov> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA04570 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 665 Dear coral-listers. This is a short notice to report that we just recorded the first signs of bleaching in two coral species at Carlos Rosario Beach, Culebra Island, Puerto Rico (18=B019'36"N, 65=B019'56W), last Thursday, July 19, 2001. A few colonies of Siderastrea siderea (depth: 5-10 m) which were showing their "normal" brick reddish color a few weeks ago in one of our permanent monitoring sites, turned into a pale blue or lavender color within a couple of weeks. They are also showing many pale round spots along all of the colony surface. In addition, about 50-90% of the surface area of several Millepora alcicornis colonies became completely bleached during the same period of time. No other species have been affected so far. During the strong bleaching event of 1998, which affected 77% of the coral colonies there, these species, and particularly, these S. siderea colonies, were the first to show signs of bleaching by mid April and early May, 1998. Again, these corals are the first showing signs of bleaching this year. Temperature is being continuously recorded at the study site. No temperature anomalies have been observed yet. We'll keep an eye on these "sentinel" colonies, as well as in other species. Edwin =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado, Ph.D. University of Puerto Rico Department of Biology Coral Reef Research Group P.O. Box 23360 San Juan, P.R. 00931-3360 Tel (787) 764-0000, x-4855; Fax (787) 764-2610 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 23 08:29:43 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA02476; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:29:43 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA27673; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:30:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027651; Mon, 23 Jul 01 08:30:01 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXEL300.UP6 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:27:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXEV500.NYB; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 05:33:05 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA28202; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 05:33:05 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAf5aad3; Mon, 23 Jul 01 05:33:04 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA05926 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:29:29 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.ncep.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA06022 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:29:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXEG900.VTD for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:24:09 -0400 Message-ID: <3B5C197C.6FB3A41C@noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:33:00 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-list Subject: Bleaching Event: OKINAWA Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------028994D25C26012541FB5B71" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 666 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------028994D25C26012541FB5B71 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------F6C033EB29E8BF4187A42FE6" --------------F6C033EB29E8BF4187A42FE6 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Bleaching news from Okinawa... "....the water is around 30.0 to 30.5 oC at the moment. Some corals, that is what's left on the reefs, are showing signs of heat stress (for example the tops of many Porites lobata are paling) others are OK.... Note, that it is warmer now than the same period in 1998, even down to 60m. What's also interesting is that the expected negative low tides are 30 cm higher than expected..." [Rob van Woesik] AES -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------F6C033EB29E8BF4187A42FE6 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Bleaching news from Okinawa...

"....the water is around 30.0 to 30.5 oC at the moment. Some corals, that is what's left on the reefs, are showing signs of heat stress (for example the tops of many Porites lobata are paling) others are OK....
Note, that it is warmer now than the same period in 1998, even down to 60m. What's also interesting is that the expected negative low tides are 30 cm higher than expected..." [Rob van Woesik]

AES
--
**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< *******
Alan E. Strong
Phys Scientist/Oceanographer
NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3
NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W
5200 Auth Road
Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304
        Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
             301-763-8102 x170
      FAX: 301-763-8108
http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad
--------------F6C033EB29E8BF4187A42FE6-- --------------028994D25C26012541FB5B71 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------028994D25C26012541FB5B71-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 23 11:55:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA08119; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 11:55:45 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA03406; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 11:56:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003397; Mon, 23 Jul 01 11:55:34 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXO3T00.JQ1 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 11:52:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXODV00.571; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:58:43 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA26193; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:58:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbka4jZ; Mon, 23 Jul 01 08:58:42 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA06707 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 15:56:42 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f74.law7.hotmail.com [216.33.237.74]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA06680 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 11:56:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 08:56:03 -0700 Received: from 205.214.193.158 by lw7fd.law7.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 15:56:02 GMT X-Originating-IP: [205.214.193.158] From: "angie brathwaite" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Coral Disease - Barbados Date: Mon, 23 Jul 2001 15:56:02 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 23 Jul 2001 15:56:03.0131 (UTC) FILETIME=[F99028B0:01C1138F] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 667

Hi all,

Sorry about that - having a bit of trouble with hotmail.

I am carrying out research on the abundance and frequency of coral disease on the reefs off Barbados. To date, I've observed Black band, Yellow band, Plague Types 1 and 2, Aspergillosis and Dark Spot.

I've also seen what is think is Plague Type 3 - round, white rings (only on Montastrea faveolata though) found on the sides of the colony. I've seen on the list, reports of Plague Type 2 in Puerto Rico and Cuba, and I'm curious if anyone is seeing these startling white rings also, and if it is likely to be Plague Type 3.

I'm also seeing a green, material growing on Siderastrea siderea generally on the borders. Has anyone else seen this - is it a type of fungus?

I'm aware that etiological studies need to be carried out in order to make definitive statements about these diseases, however until I can get these tests done, I'm still curious about what they are likely to be.

Thanks for your help.

Angelique Brathwaite

Marine Biologist

Coastal Zone Management Unit

Bay St. , St. Michael

Barbados, W.I.

Tel: (246) 228 5955

Fax : (246) 228 5956

Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com
~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 23 12:12:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA08537; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:12:55 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA03869; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:13:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003857; Mon, 23 Jul 01 12:13:34 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXOXT00.RR6 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:10:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXP7V00.388; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 09:16:43 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA28429; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 09:16:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAuZaaH3; Mon, 23 Jul 01 09:16:42 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA06772 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 16:15:34 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA06711 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:15:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id RAA29587 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:14:40 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:15:02 +0100 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:14:42 +0100 From: "Mark Spalding" To: Cc: "Sarah Carpenter" Subject: Free books to developing countries Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA06773 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 668 THIS IS A FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT ABOUT THE FORTHCOMING WORLD ATLAS OF CORAL REEFS This new work from the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre will be launched in about a month. It is a map-based review of the distribution and status of reefs world-wide, and is a comprehensive study, over 400 pages in length. I will send a general e-mail describing the book (including order details) in the next few days, but meanwhile, a call for help. We have been given a grant from Project Aware to provide a free copy of the Atlas to "ground-based conservation initiatives relating to coral reefs in developing countries". The aim is to enable small NGO or community based initiatives to obtain this valuable reference work without eating in to limited funds. We can only supply 150 copies of the book, and so will have to be quite strict in our assessment. Can you give us details of any such projects or names of individuals? Please send contact details, and a postal addess if you have it. In order to assess priorities we would ideally like to know a little more about the work, and its funding. In general we will favour individuals and local NGOs over the better funded international NGOs and university departments, but we will be flexible. I am aware that quite a few of the individuals and organisations we would like to find may not have internet access, or access to coral-list, so if you know of these please spare them a thought and give us their details too. Please respond directly to Sarah Carpenter at sarah.carpenter@unep-wcmc.org It would be great if we could get your ideas over the next couple of weeks Thanks in advance for your help Mark __________________________________________ Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org or Research Associate Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Department of Geography Downing St Cambridge UK --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 23 12:12:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA08537; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:12:55 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA03869; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:13:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003857; Mon, 23 Jul 01 12:13:34 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXOXT00.RR6 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:10:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXP7V00.388; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 09:16:43 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA28429; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 09:16:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAuZaaH3; Mon, 23 Jul 01 09:16:42 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA06772 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 16:15:34 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA06711 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 12:15:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id RAA29587 for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:14:40 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:15:02 +0100 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:14:42 +0100 From: "Mark Spalding" To: Cc: "Sarah Carpenter" Subject: Free books to developing countries Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA06773 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 669 THIS IS A FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT ABOUT THE FORTHCOMING WORLD ATLAS OF CORAL REEFS This new work from the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre will be launched in about a month. It is a map-based review of the distribution and status of reefs world-wide, and is a comprehensive study, over 400 pages in length. I will send a general e-mail describing the book (including order details) in the next few days, but meanwhile, a call for help. We have been given a grant from Project Aware to provide a free copy of the Atlas to "ground-based conservation initiatives relating to coral reefs in developing countries". The aim is to enable small NGO or community based initiatives to obtain this valuable reference work without eating in to limited funds. We can only supply 150 copies of the book, and so will have to be quite strict in our assessment. Can you give us details of any such projects or names of individuals? Please send contact details, and a postal addess if you have it. In order to assess priorities we would ideally like to know a little more about the work, and its funding. In general we will favour individuals and local NGOs over the better funded international NGOs and university departments, but we will be flexible. I am aware that quite a few of the individuals and organisations we would like to find may not have internet access, or access to coral-list, so if you know of these please spare them a thought and give us their details too. Please respond directly to Sarah Carpenter at sarah.carpenter@unep-wcmc.org It would be great if we could get your ideas over the next couple of weeks Thanks in advance for your help Mark __________________________________________ Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org or Research Associate Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Department of Geography Downing St Cambridge UK --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 23 13:21:25 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA09783; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 13:21:24 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05304; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 13:22:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005292; Mon, 23 Jul 01 13:22:01 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXS3W00.TRA for ; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 13:19:08 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGXSH400.QKF; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 13:27:04 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA29241; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 13:26:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAB7aOg5; Mon, 23 Jul 01 13:26:58 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA06990 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 23 Jul 2001 17:23:22 GMT Message-Id: <200107231723.RAA06990@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Carol Fretwell" To: Subject: NCRI Proceedings Date: Mon, 23 Jul 2001 13:15:20 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 670 >>FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT<< "Scientific Aspects of Assessment, Monitoring, and Restoration in Coral Reef Ecosystems" ORDER NOW! The Conference Proceedings of the National Coral Reef Institute's 1999 International Conference in Ft. Lauderdale are now available by order. This is a Special Issue of the Bulletin of Marine Science. The nearly 700-page, 51 paper volume includes: * 13 papers on coral reef assessment * 5 papers on biodiversity and community dynamics of coral reefs * 5 papers on impacts and stressors to coral reefs * 15 papers on coral reef monitoring * 13 papers on coral reef restoration dynamics Single copy, print version, including shipping charges (overseas by air mail): $37.00 USD each. Prepublication orders for printed copies will be honored until 15 August ONLY. If payment is not received on a submitted order by 15 August, the order will be cancelled. CD versions of the Proceedings are $10.00 USD, including shipping charges (overseas by Air Mail). CDs will be available beyond the August 15 deadline for print copies. The $10.00 pricing for CDs is only available to Conference participants. The price for non-conference participants is $35.00 USD. Orders must include format (CD or Print), number of copies, and full mailing address of recipient. Orders must include payment by check or international money orders made payable to the BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. Mail orders with payment to: Prof. Samuel C. Snedaker, Editor Bulletin of Marine Science Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149-1098 USA This pricing for printed copies will NOT be available after publication. Any further questions should be directed to: Sam Snedaker Editor, Bulletin of Marine Science BMS@rsmas.miami.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 24 09:56:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA22804; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:56:09 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21973; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:56:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021965; Tue, 24 Jul 01 09:56:13 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZD8V00.9TI for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:53:19 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZDM700.019; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 10:01:19 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA13288; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 10:01:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA4aai7z; Tue, 24 Jul 01 10:01:18 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA08958 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 13:49:58 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.wwb.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA08939 for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:49:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZCUJ00.4W5; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:44:43 -0400 Message-ID: <3B5D7DE2.9279DEE6@noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:53:38 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-list CC: Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer Subject: Potential Bleaching expands Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------EF81299AD77637456FBDA8A7" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 671 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------EF81299AD77637456FBDA8A7 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit NOTICE: >From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated overnight, using information our satellite obtained during the past weekend, we observe the following changes in the present bleaching situation: *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern Mariana's Midway - still showing signs of development from the west Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the Bank http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html Feedback appreciated... AES -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------EF81299AD77637456FBDA8A7 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------EF81299AD77637456FBDA8A7-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 24 09:59:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA22858; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:59:14 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA22118; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:59:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022101; Tue, 24 Jul 01 09:58:56 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZDDF00.2SS for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:56:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZDNI00.7UK; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 07:02:06 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA17663; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 07:02:06 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAUIaWEI; Tue, 24 Jul 01 07:02:05 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA08949 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 14:00:57 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA08987 for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 10:00:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id <36AJ4RH0>; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 08:57:00 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3CEF@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: RE: more on sanctuary Date: Tue, 24 Jul 2001 08:55:23 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 672 Coral List - --------------------------- National Public Radio Morning Edition Monday, July 23, 2001 Marine Sanctuary The natural treasures around the Dry Tortugas, a tiny group of islets about 70 miles west of Florida's Key West, are worth more than their weight in gold to research scientists, who want to see how preserving the underwater "wilderness" will work over time. On Morning Edition, the NPR/National Geographic Society Radio Expeditions team reports on their efforts. Read: http://www.npr.org/programs/re/archives/index_tortugas.html Listen: http://www.npr.org/ramfiles/me/20010723.me.06.ram ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 24 12:42:58 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA27521; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:42:57 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA27066; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:43:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027048; Tue, 24 Jul 01 12:42:54 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZKYJ00.LTX for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:39:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZL8N00.P0L; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:45:59 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA11043; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:45:58 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAL_aGJv; Tue, 24 Jul 01 09:45:57 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA09441 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 16:43:23 GMT Received: from tungsten.btinternet.com (tungsten.btinternet.com [194.73.73.81]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA09451 for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:43:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [213.1.60.191] (helo=pavilion) by tungsten.btinternet.com with smtp (Exim 3.22 #9) id 15P5Gv-0006cT-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 17:43:01 +0100 Message-ID: <004d01c1145f$4c8ad4a0$b09301d5@pavilion> From: "Iain Benson" To: Subject: Greenforce Staff Vacancies Date: Tue, 24 Jul 2001 17:39:19 +0100 Organization: Greenforce MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0048_01C11467.914CC8C0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 673 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0048_01C11467.914CC8C0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Staff vacancies for marine scientists Greenforce is a non-profit, NGO, volunteer research organisation based = in Britain. We run three coral reef surveying projects in Borneo, Fiji = and the Bahamas. We are currently looking for marine scientists with = expedition experience who have knowledge of Indo-Pacific coral, fish and = invertebrate species. For more information on Greenforce, please visit = our website at www.greenforce.org Interested parties should send a CV = to Iain Benson at greenforce.iain@btinternet.com or to:=20 Greenforce 11-15 Betterton Street, Covent Garden London WC2H 9BP Tel: 020 7470 88 88 Fax: 020 7470 88 89 ------=_NextPart_000_0048_01C11467.914CC8C0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Staff vacancies for marine=20 scientists

Greenforce is a non-profit, NGO, = volunteer research=20 organisation based in Britain. We run three coral reef surveying = projects=20 in Borneo, Fiji and the Bahamas. We are currently looking for = marine=20 scientists with expedition experience who have knowledge of Indo-Pacific = coral,=20 fish and invertebrate species. For more information on Greenforce, = please=20 visit our website at www.greenforce.org = Interested=20 parties should send a CV to Iain Benson at greenforce.iain@btinternet= .com=20 or to:

Greenforce
11-15 Betterton = Street,
Covent=20 Garden
London
WC2H 9BP

Tel: 020 7470 88 88 Fax: = 020 7470 88=20 89

------=_NextPart_000_0048_01C11467.914CC8C0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 24 15:11:20 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA01507; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 15:11:19 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA01528; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 15:12:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001512; Tue, 24 Jul 01 15:11:11 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZRTT00.HTT for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 15:08:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GGZS3W00.P5O; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:14:20 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA03117; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:14:19 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9paGdg; Tue, 24 Jul 01 12:14:19 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA09722 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 19:10:24 GMT Received: from mercury.akctr.noaa.gov (mercury.akctr.noaa.gov [161.55.120.130]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA09748 for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 15:10:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([161.55.236.165]) by mercury.akctr.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 mercury Jun 21 2001 23:53:48) with ESMTP id GGZRVZ00.FWB; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 12:09:35 -0700 Message-ID: <3B5DC9DC.30EEBA5@noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 24 Jul 2001 09:17:48 -1000 From: John naughton X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Alan E Strong CC: Coral-list Subject: Re: Bleaching Event: OKINAWA References: <3B5C197C.6FB3A41C@noaa.gov> Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------BE905B2953E2C7D16BD105B9" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 674 --------------BE905B2953E2C7D16BD105B9 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Alan: Just returned from underwater surveys of the reefs surrounding Farallon de Medinilla (FDM) target island (16 01'N, 146 04'E) in the Northern Mariana Islands, with other biologists and Navy EOD divers. Possible indications of a bleaching event beginning. East side FDM corals (Pocillopora meandrina and P. eydouxi) bleaching on tops of colonies in relatively shallow, inshore zone (2m. to 10m. depth). Water temp recorded on scuba console gauge at 85 to 87 F. Aloha, John John Naughton NMFS, Honolulu Alan E Strong wrote: > Bleaching news from Okinawa... > > "....the water is around 30.0 to 30.5 oC at the moment. Some corals, > that is what's left on the reefs, are showing signs of heat stress > (for example the tops of many Porites lobata are paling) others are > OK.... > Note, that it is warmer now than the same period in 1998, even down to > 60m. What's also interesting is that the expected negative low tides > are 30 cm higher than expected..." [Rob van Woesik] > > AES > -- > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > Alan E. Strong > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > 5200 Auth Road > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > 301-763-8102 x170 > FAX: 301-763-8108 > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > --------------BE905B2953E2C7D16BD105B9 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Alan:

Just returned from underwater surveys of the reefs surrounding Farallon de Medinilla (FDM) target island (16 01'N, 146 04'E) in the Northern Mariana Islands, with other biologists and Navy EOD divers. Possible indications of a bleaching event beginning. East side FDM corals (Pocillopora meandrina and P. eydouxi) bleaching on tops of colonies in relatively shallow, inshore zone (2m. to 10m. depth). Water temp recorded on scuba console gauge at 85 to 87 F.

Aloha, John

John Naughton
NMFS, Honolulu

Alan E Strong wrote:

Bleaching news from Okinawa...
"....the water is around 30.0 to 30.5 oC at the moment. Some corals, that is what's left on the reefs, are showing signs of heat stress (for example the tops of many Porites lobata are paling) others are OK....
Note, that it is warmer now than the same period in 1998, even down to 60m. What's also interesting is that the expected negative low tides are 30 cm higher than expected..." [Rob van Woesik]
AES
--
**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< *******
Alan E. Strong
Phys Scientist/Oceanographer
NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3
NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W
5200 Auth Road
Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304
        Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov
             301-763-8102 x170
      FAX: 301-763-8108
http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad

--------------BE905B2953E2C7D16BD105B9-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 24 22:04:06 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA06988; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 22:04:05 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA08201; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 22:04:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008195; Tue, 24 Jul 01 22:03:59 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH0AXT00.SWE for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 22:01:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH0B7X00.V8K; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 19:07:09 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA09681; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 19:07:08 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAupaO4s; Tue, 24 Jul 01 19:07:07 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA10138 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 02:03:02 GMT Received: from tako.icsd.hawaii.gov (tako.icsd.hawaii.gov [166.122.101.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA09774 for ; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 22:02:45 -0400 (EDT) From: DAVID_A_GULKO@exec.state.hi.us Received: from raptor.state.hi.us (exec.state.hi.us [166.122.101.36]) by tako.icsd.hawaii.gov (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA14828; Tue, 24 Jul 2001 16:06:46 -1000 (HST) Received: from EXEC7 by raptor.state.hi.us via smtpd (for tako.icsd.hawaii.gov [166.122.101.3]) with SMTP; 25 Jul 2001 01:55:01 UT Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands Date: Tue, 24 Jul 2001 16:03:06 -1000 X-Priority: 3 (Normal) To: "Alan E Strong" , Coral-list Cc: Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer , Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov, Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov, steve.roman@noaa.gov Message-ID: X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on exec7.state.hi.us/StateHiUS(Release 5.0.6a |January 17, 2001) at 07/24/2001 04:03:15 PM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; Boundary="0__=0A256A94000B452A8f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A94000B452A" Content-Disposition: inline Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 675 --0__=0A256A94000B452A8f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A94000B452A Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Alan, In response to your request for feedback regarding the bleaching situation in the north central Pacific, specifically your suggestion that warm water may be showing signs of development west of Midway, the Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources will be mounting a coral reef-focused expedition to Kure Atoll (slightly west of Midway) next month. We'll specifically look for any evidence of bleaching while we're there; we currently plan to place long-term temperature recorders adjacent to living reef structures both within the lagoon and on the outside slope of the atoll. The NMFS and NOS will also have a number of vessels operating throughout the NWHI at this same time making observations regarding the status of reef resources; hopefully between all our efforts we can gain a clearer picture if any actual events are occurring up there. - Dave Gulko Dave Gulko Division of Aquatic Resources Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources 1151 Punchbowl St., Rm. 330 Honolulu, HI 96813 (808) 587-0318 (o), (808) 587-0115 (fx) david_a_gulko@exec.state.hi.us _______________________________________________________________________________ Subject: Potential Bleaching expands From: "Alan E Strong" (owner-coral- list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov)owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov at STATEHIUS Date: 7/24/01 3:53 AM NOTICE: From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated overnight, using information our satellite obtained during the past weekend, we observe the following changes in the present bleaching situation: *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern Mariana's Midway - still showing signs of development from the west Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the Bank http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html Feedback appreciated... AES -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) --0__=0A256A94000B452A8f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A94000B452A Content-type: application/octet-stream; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-transfer-encoding: base64 YmVnaW46dmNhcmQgDQpuOlN0cm9uZztBbGFuIEUuDQp0ZWw7Y2VsbDo0NDMtODIyLTM2NjgNCnRl bDtmYXg6MzAxLTc2My04MTA4DQp0ZWw7d29yazozMDEtNzYzLTgxMDIgIHgxNzANCngtbW96aWxs YS1odG1sOkZBTFNFDQp1cmw6aHR0cDovL29yYml0LW5ldC5uZXNkaXMubm9hYS5nb3Yvb3JhZC8N Cm9yZzpOT0FBL05FU0RJUy9PUkE7T2NlYW5pYyBSZXNlYXJjaCAmIEFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyBEaXZp c2lvbg0KdmVyc2lvbjoyLjENCmVtYWlsO2ludGVybmV0OkFsYW4uRS5TdHJvbmdAbm9hYS5nb3YN CnRpdGxlOk9jZWFub2dyYXBoZXIvVGVhbSBMZWFkZXINCmFkcjtxdW90ZWQtcHJpbnRhYmxlOjs7 Tk9BQSBTY2llbmNlIENlbnRlcj0wRD0wQTUyMDAgQXV0aCBSb2FkO0NhbXAgU3ByaW5ncztNRDsy MDc0NjtVU0ENCmZuOkFsYW4gRS4gU3Ryb25nLCBQaC4gRC4NCmVuZDp2Y2FyZA0K --0__=0A256A94000B452A8f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A94000B452A-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul 25 11:01:06 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA17411; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 11:01:05 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA19657; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 11:01:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.195.113) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019630; Wed, 25 Jul 01 11:01:06 -0400 Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH1AYR00.AZ8; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 10:59:15 -0400 Message-ID: <3B5EE0D9.35A0A132@noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 25 Jul 2001 11:08:09 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: DAVID_A_GULKO@EXEC.STATE.HI.US CC: Coral-list , Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer , Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov, Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov, steve.roman@noaa.gov, Jim Hendee Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands References: Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------AEC8FB00365135A4AC26078C" Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 677 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------AEC8FB00365135A4AC26078C Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Great to hear from you Dave. Appreciate the feedback and await information ...hopefully that this event passes you by quickly...! Jim Hendee and I will be out at Mike Laurs & Rusty's place the week of Aug 20th discussing CREWS monitoring station installations, etc. If your not at sea at that time it would be good to see you during our visit. Cheers, Al DAVID_A_GULKO@EXEC.STATE.HI.US wrote: > Alan, > In response to your request for feedback regarding the bleaching > situation in the north central Pacific, specifically your suggestion that > warm water may be showing signs of development west of Midway, the Hawaii > Department of Land & Natural Resources will be mounting a coral > reef-focused expedition to Kure Atoll (slightly west of Midway) next month. > We'll specifically look for any evidence of bleaching while we're there; we > currently plan to place long-term temperature recorders adjacent to living > reef structures both within the lagoon and on the outside slope of the > atoll. The NMFS and NOS will also have a number of vessels operating > throughout the NWHI at this same time making observations regarding the > status of reef resources; hopefully between all our efforts we can gain a > clearer picture if any actual events are occurring up there. > > - Dave Gulko > > Dave Gulko > Division of Aquatic Resources > Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources > 1151 Punchbowl St., Rm. 330 > Honolulu, HI 96813 > > (808) 587-0318 (o), (808) 587-0115 (fx) > david_a_gulko@exec.state.hi.us > _______________________________________________________________________________ > Subject: Potential Bleaching expands > From: "Alan E Strong" (owner-coral- > list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov)owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov at STATEHIUS > Date: 7/24/01 3:53 AM > > NOTICE: > > From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated > overnight, > using information our satellite obtained during the past > weekend, we > observe the following changes in the present bleaching > situation: > > *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) > Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern > Mariana's > Midway - still showing signs of development from the west > Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands > Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the > Bank > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html > > Feedback appreciated... > > AES > > -- > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > Alan E. Strong > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > 5200 Auth Road > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > 301-763-8102 x170 > FAX: 301-763-8108 > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > > (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------AEC8FB00365135A4AC26078C Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------AEC8FB00365135A4AC26078C-- From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jul 25 20:04:26 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA27224; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:04:26 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA01720; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:05:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001710; Wed, 25 Jul 01 20:04:24 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH202H00.9YK for ; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:01:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH20ED00.CDP; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:08:37 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA23576; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:08:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAxVaacU; Wed, 25 Jul 01 20:08:36 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA12387 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 26 Jul 2001 00:01:59 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f112.law8.hotmail.com [216.33.241.112]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA12334 for ; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 20:01:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Wed, 25 Jul 2001 17:01:07 -0700 Received: from 203.110.158.17 by lw8fd.law8.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Thu, 26 Jul 2001 00:01:07 GMT X-Originating-IP: [203.110.158.17] From: "Garry Kershaw" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Coral removal and replacement during construction Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 08:01:07 +0800 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 26 Jul 2001 00:01:07.0982 (UTC) FILETIME=[123B7AE0:01C11566] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 678

Hi all,

I work for a construction company about to commence a project in Palau (Belau) that involves some marine works including excavation and placement of a pipeline. Obviously in an area as unique as Palau, maintaining the exisiting environment during the construction stage is a high priority - not to mention trying to re establish some of the already damaged marine environment ( natural and man ) to allow people to continue enjoying the place.

I have browsed your site to try to find some info on the relocation of coral and would appreciate any advice you may have.

Our pipeline is approx. 300mm dia. and travels from the island to a depth of around 6 metres. This line is to be concealed when completed ie. remove coral heads, excavate trench, install pipe, backfill then replace corals heads previously moved. The exisiting coral heads are around 1 metre dia. with between 80 and 100% cover.

Our target is to mimimise the damage and stress to the relocated coral and to the adjacent coral and marine life. We are also trying to re establish some of the coral that has been damaged by stormwater run off from the island and by damage from anchors and the like.

During the construction stage we will be using a network of floating silt curtains to minimise the potential for damage due to dirty water runoff during rain events - but these will be our backstop - the aim is to limit and contain the dirty water on the island and not have it enter the ocean in the first place!

I would be glad to hear from anyone who has been involved in similar projects or can point me in the right direction to finding the info I need.

Thanks and kind regards.... Garry Kershaw

I'm with the National Marine Fisheries Service in Honolulu, and manage our Pacific Islands Habitat Program for NMFS. I represent NMFS/NOAA on the Cooperating Agency Team for a huge road project in Palau, being constructed by the US under treaty with the Republic of Palau.
The Team conducts trips (two/year) to Palau as oversite to insure the enviro measures we specified in the EIS are adhered to. Our next survey trip is Aug 6-14.

I've also had much experience with u/w pipeline installation, coral transplanting and other mitigation techniques.
Please send me some specifics of your project; i.e. where exactly in Palau, approx live-coral coverage along pipeline alignment, project applicant, etc. Also, is there any chance that you will be in Palau next month?

Look forward to hearing from you. John

John Naughton
Pacific Islands Area Office
Honolulu, Hawaii
Phone: 808/973-2935x211
FAX: 808/973-2941

Garry Kershaw wrote:

Hi all,
I work for a construction company about to commence a project in Palau (Belau) that involves some marine works including excavation and placement of a pipeline. Obviously in an area as unique as Palau, maintaining the exisiting environment during the construction stage is a high priority - not to mention trying to re establish some of the already damaged marine environment ( natural and man ) to allow people to continue enjoying the place.
I have browsed your site to try to find some info on the relocation of coral and would appreciate any advice you may have.
Our pipeline is approx. 300mm dia. and travels from the island to a depth of around 6 metres. This line is to be concealed when completed ie. remove coral heads, excavate trench, install pipe, backfill then replace corals heads previously moved. The exisiting coral heads are around 1 metre dia. with between 80 and 100% cover.
Our target is to mimimise the damage and stress to the relocated coral and to the adjacent coral and marine life. We are also trying to re establish some of the coral that has been damaged by stormwater run off from the island and by damage from anchors and the like.
During the construction stage we will be using a network of floating silt curtains to minimise the potential for damage due to dirty water runoff during rain events - but these will be our backstop - the aim is to limit and contain the dirty water on the island and not have it enter the ocean in the first place!
I would be glad to hear from anyone who has been involved in similar projects or can point me in the right direction to finding the info I need.
Thanks and kind regards.... Garry Kershaw

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--------------36DEB7F9E032E91327F43E9D-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Jul 26 21:05:49 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA16659; Thu, 26 Jul 2001 21:05:48 GMT From: DAVID_A_GULKO@EXEC.STATE.HI.US Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA23983; Thu, 26 Jul 2001 21:06:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(166.122.101.3) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023968; Thu, 26 Jul 01 21:05:27 -0400 Received: from raptor.state.hi.us (exec.state.hi.us [166.122.101.36]) by tako.icsd.hawaii.gov (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA16550; Thu, 26 Jul 2001 15:12:39 -1000 (HST) Received: from EXEC7 by raptor.state.hi.us via smtpd (for tako.icsd.hawaii.gov [166.122.101.3]) with SMTP; 27 Jul 2001 01:00:48 UT Subject: Re[2]: Potential Bleaching expands Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 15:09:02 -1000 X-Priority: 3 (Normal) To: "Alan E Strong" , DAVID_A_GULKO@EXEC.STATE.HI.US Cc: Coral-list , Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer , Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov, Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov, steve.roman@noaa.gov, Jim Hendee Message-ID: X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on exec7.state.hi.us/StateHiUS(Release 5.0.6a |January 17, 2001) at 07/26/2001 03:09:12 PM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; Boundary="0__=0A256A96000652438f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600065243" Content-Disposition: inline Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 681 --0__=0A256A96000652438f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600065243 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Alan, If you folks have time it'd be great to touch base (how about Gordon Bierch for beer and pupus after you folks are done for the day...it's located at Aloha Tower Market Place, just let me know what day & time would be good). Rusty and I have talked about the possibility of attaching some settlement plates near the monitoring stations to look at coral planula larvae settlement. Rusty's been great about interacting with all of us to try and mitigate any concerns any of the trustee agencies might have regarding placement of the buoys within the lagoons adjacent to reef resources. He's really set an excellent example for the rest of us to try and follow. Aloha, Dave _______________________________________________________________________________ Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands From: "Alan E Strong" at STATEHIUS Date: 7/25/01 5:08 AM Great to hear from you Dave. Appreciate the feedback and await information ...hopefully that this event passes you by quickly...! Jim Hendee and I will be out at Mike Laurs & Rusty's place the week of Aug 20th discussing CREWS monitoring station installations, etc. If your not at sea at that time it would be good to see you during our visit. Cheers, Al DAVID_A_GULKO@EXEC.STATE.HI.US wrote: > Alan, > In response to your request for feedback regarding the bleaching > situation in the north central Pacific, specifically your suggestion that > warm water may be showing signs of development west of Midway, the Hawaii > Department of Land & Natural Resources will be mounting a coral > reef-focused expedition to Kure Atoll (slightly west of Midway) next month. > We'll specifically look for any evidence of bleaching while we're there; we > currently plan to place long-term temperature recorders adjacent to living > reef structures both within the lagoon and on the outside slope of the > atoll. The NMFS and NOS will also have a number of vessels operating > throughout the NWHI at this same time making observations regarding the > status of reef resources; hopefully between all our efforts we can gain a > clearer picture if any actual events are occurring up there. > > - Dave Gulko > > Dave Gulko > Division of Aquatic Resources > Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources > 1151 Punchbowl St., Rm. 330 > Honolulu, HI 96813 > > (808) 587-0318 (o), (808) 587-0115 (fx) > david_a_gulko@exec.state.hi.us > _______________________________________________________________ ________________ > Subject: Potential Bleaching expands > From: "Alan E Strong" (owner-coral- > list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov)owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov at STATEHIUS > Date: 7/24/01 3:53 AM > > NOTICE: > > From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated > overnight, > using information our satellite obtained during the past > weekend, we > observe the following changes in the present bleaching > situation: > > *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) > Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern > Mariana's > Midway - still showing signs of development from the west > Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands > Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the > Bank > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html > > Feedback appreciated... > > AES > > -- > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > Alan E. Strong > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > 5200 Auth Road > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > 301-763-8102 x170 > FAX: 301-763-8108 > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > > (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) --0__=0A256A96000652438f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600065243 Content-type: application/octet-stream; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-transfer-encoding: base64 YmVnaW46dmNhcmQgDQpuOlN0cm9uZztBbGFuIEUuDQp0ZWw7Y2VsbDo0NDMtODIyLTM2NjgNCnRl bDtmYXg6MzAxLTc2My04MTA4DQp0ZWw7d29yazozMDEtNzYzLTgxMDIgIHgxNzANCngtbW96aWxs YS1odG1sOkZBTFNFDQp1cmw6aHR0cDovL29yYml0LW5ldC5uZXNkaXMubm9hYS5nb3Yvb3JhZC8N Cm9yZzpOT0FBL05FU0RJUy9PUkE7T2NlYW5pYyBSZXNlYXJjaCAmIEFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyBEaXZp c2lvbg0KdmVyc2lvbjoyLjENCmVtYWlsO2ludGVybmV0OkFsYW4uRS5TdHJvbmdAbm9hYS5nb3YN CnRpdGxlOk9jZWFub2dyYXBoZXIvVGVhbSBMZWFkZXINCmFkcjtxdW90ZWQtcHJpbnRhYmxlOjs7 Tk9BQSBTY2llbmNlIENlbnRlcj0wRD0wQTUyMDAgQXV0aCBSb2FkO0NhbXAgU3ByaW5ncztNRDsy MDc0NjtVU0ENCmZuOkFsYW4gRS4gU3Ryb25nLCBQaC4gRC4NCmVuZDp2Y2FyZA0K --0__=0A256A96000652438f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600065243-- From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 27 00:39:22 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id AAA18413; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 00:39:21 GMT From: Jim_Maragos@r1.fws.gov Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA26406; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 00:40:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(164.159.11.19) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026394; Fri, 27 Jul 01 00:39:34 -0400 Subject: Re: Re[2]: Potential Bleaching expands To: DAVID_A_GULKO@exec.state.hi.us Cc: "Alan E Strong" , Coral-list , DAVID_A_GULKO@exec.state.hi.us, Jim Hendee , Ingrid Guch , Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov, Jill Meyer , owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov, steve.roman@noaa.gov X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.6a January 17, 2001 Message-ID: Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 18:42:16 -1000 X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on FW1RO7/R1/FWS/DOI(Release 5.0.3 |March 21, 2000) at 07/26/2001 09:42:48 PM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; Boundary="0__=0A256A9600194ED08f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600194ED0" Content-Disposition: inline Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 682 --0__=0A256A9600194ED08f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600194ED0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Dear coral bleachers, Sorry I've been incognito. I was on vacation the month of June, at French Frigate Shoals last week, and sometime about 2 months ago I was inadvertently deleted from the coral list! Thanks to Jim Hendee and Dave, I just got word today you folks are in town. If it's not too late I'd like to talk or meet with the NOAA folks before you leave. My phone number is 541-1699, ext 166. Thanks, Jim Maragos DAVID_A_GULKO@exec.state.h i.us To: "Alan E Strong" , Sent by: DAVID_A_GULKO@exec.state.hi.us owner-coral-list@coral.aom cc: Coral-list l.noaa.gov , Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer , Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov, 07/26/01 03:09 PM Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov, steve.roman@noaa.gov, Jim Hendee Subject: Re[2]: Potential Bleaching expands Alan, If you folks have time it'd be great to touch base (how about Gordon Bierch for beer and pupus after you folks are done for the day...it's located at Aloha Tower Market Place, just let me know what day & time would be good). Rusty and I have talked about the possibility of attaching some settlement plates near the monitoring stations to look at coral planula larvae settlement. Rusty's been great about interacting with all of us to try and mitigate any concerns any of the trustee agencies might have regarding placement of the buoys within the lagoons adjacent to reef resources. He's really set an excellent example for the rest of us to try and follow. Aloha, Dave _______________________________________________________________________________ Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands From: "Alan E Strong" at STATEHIUS Date: 7/25/01 5:08 AM Great to hear from you Dave. Appreciate the feedback and await information ...hopefully that this event passes you by quickly...! Jim Hendee and I will be out at Mike Laurs & Rusty's place the week of Aug 20th discussing CREWS monitoring station installations, etc. If your not at sea at that time it would be good to see you during our visit. Cheers, Al DAVID_A_GULKO@EXEC.STATE.HI.US wrote: > Alan, > In response to your request for feedback regarding the bleaching > situation in the north central Pacific, specifically your suggestion that > warm water may be showing signs of development west of Midway, the Hawaii > Department of Land & Natural Resources will be mounting a coral > reef-focused expedition to Kure Atoll (slightly west of Midway) next month. > We'll specifically look for any evidence of bleaching while we're there; we > currently plan to place long-term temperature recorders adjacent to living > reef structures both within the lagoon and on the outside slope of the > atoll. The NMFS and NOS will also have a number of vessels operating > throughout the NWHI at this same time making observations regarding the > status of reef resources; hopefully between all our efforts we can gain a > clearer picture if any actual events are occurring up there. > > - Dave Gulko > > Dave Gulko > Division of Aquatic Resources > Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources > 1151 Punchbowl St., Rm. 330 > Honolulu, HI 96813 > > (808) 587-0318 (o), (808) 587-0115 (fx) > david_a_gulko@exec.state.hi.us > _______________________________________________________________ ________________ > Subject: Potential Bleaching expands > From: "Alan E Strong" (owner-coral- > list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov)owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov at STATEHIUS > Date: 7/24/01 3:53 AM > > NOTICE: > > From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated > overnight, > using information our satellite obtained during the past > weekend, we > observe the following changes in the present bleaching > situation: > > *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) > Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern > Mariana's > Midway - still showing signs of development from the west > Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands > Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the > Bank > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html > > Feedback appreciated... > > AES > > -- > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > Alan E. Strong > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > 5200 Auth Road > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > 301-763-8102 x170 > FAX: 301-763-8108 > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > > (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) (See attached file: Alan.E.Strong.vcf) --0__=0A256A9600194ED08f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600194ED0 Content-type: application/octet-stream; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-transfer-encoding: base64 YmVnaW46dmNhcmQgDQpuOlN0cm9uZztBbGFuIEUuDQp0ZWw7Y2VsbDo0NDMtODIyLTM2NjgNCnRl bDtmYXg6MzAxLTc2My04MTA4DQp0ZWw7d29yazozMDEtNzYzLTgxMDIgIHgxNzANCngtbW96aWxs YS1odG1sOkZBTFNFDQp1cmw6aHR0cDovL29yYml0LW5ldC5uZXNkaXMubm9hYS5nb3Yvb3JhZC8N Cm9yZzpOT0FBL05FU0RJUy9PUkE7T2NlYW5pYyBSZXNlYXJjaCAmIEFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyBEaXZp c2lvbg0KdmVyc2lvbjoyLjENCmVtYWlsO2ludGVybmV0OkFsYW4uRS5TdHJvbmdAbm9hYS5nb3YN CnRpdGxlOk9jZWFub2dyYXBoZXIvVGVhbSBMZWFkZXINCmFkcjtxdW90ZWQtcHJpbnRhYmxlOjs7 Tk9BQSBTY2llbmNlIENlbnRlcj0wRD0wQTUyMDAgQXV0aCBSb2FkO0NhbXAgU3ByaW5ncztNRDsy MDc0NjtVU0ENCmZuOkFsYW4gRS4gU3Ryb25nLCBQaC4gRC4NCmVuZDp2Y2FyZA0K --0__=0A256A9600194ED08f9e8a93df938690918c0A256A9600194ED0-- From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Jul 27 17:02:47 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA03712; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 17:02:46 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA11936; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 17:03:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011913; Fri, 27 Jul 01 17:02:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH5GZC00.03V for ; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 16:59:36 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH5H9G00.O8U; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 14:05:40 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA03190; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 14:05:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhEa4ng; Fri, 27 Jul 01 14:05:39 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA01513 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 21:00:00 GMT Received: from www.disl.org (13.disl.org [216.109.15.13] (may be forged)) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA33762 for ; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 16:59:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from jvalentine (114.disl.org [216.109.15.114]) by www.disl.org (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA16667 for ; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 15:26:33 -0500 Message-ID: <007b01c116de$a6eec060$720f6dd8@DISL> Reply-To: "John Valentine" From: "John Valentine" To: Subject: Job Announcement Date: Fri, 27 Jul 2001 15:56:47 -0500 Organization: Dauphin Island Sea Lab MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0078_01C116B4.BD927160" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 683 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0078_01C116B4.BD927160 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Marine Scientist The Dauphin Island Sea Lab announces the availability of a faculty-level = Marine Scientist position starting in fall 2002. We invite applications = from individuals with research and teaching interests in any area of = marine science focusing on estuarine or coastal ecosystems. Areas of = special interest include, but are not limited to, application of stable = isotopes, landscape or food web modeling, or molecular techniques in = their investigations. While more qualified candidates will be considered, the position is = expected to be filled at the assistant professor level. Salary is = competitive and will be provided for 10 months per year. Start-up funds = for research will also be provided. Teaching responsibilities (graduate = and undergraduate) normally include two courses per year.=20 The Dauphin Island Sea Lab is located south of Mobile, Alabama at the = confluence of the Mobile Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. This environment = includes a diverse array of understudied habitats, ranging from = extensive oligohaline/saltwater marshes to the productive open waters of = the northern Gulf. The DISL is a 36-acre campus where teaching and = research are supported by numerous research vessels (14'-65'), a newly = renovated flowing seawater lab, a comprehensive library, and modern = laboratory and analytical facilities. For additional descriptions of = DISL facilities and programs see our web site at http://www.disl.org.=20 Applicants should send a curriculum vitae, a brief statement of teaching = and research interests, 2-3 selected reprints, and the names and contact = information (including E-mail addresses) for three references to: Dr. = John F. Valentine, Chair, Marine Scientist Search Committee, Dauphin = Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd. Dauphin Island, AL 36528. Review of = applications will begin October 15, 2001 and continue until the position = is filled. The DISL is an EOE/AA/M/F/D employer. ------=_NextPart_000_0078_01C116B4.BD927160 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Marine Scientist

The Dauphin Island Sea Lab announces the availability of a = faculty-level=20 Marine Scientist position starting in fall 2002. We invite applications = from=20 individuals with research and teaching interests in any area of marine = science=20 focusing on estuarine or coastal ecosystems. Areas of special interest = include,=20 but are not limited to, application of stable isotopes, landscape or = food web=20 modeling, or molecular techniques in their investigations.

While more qualified candidates will be considered, the position is = expected=20 to be filled at the assistant professor level. Salary is competitive and = will be=20 provided for 10 months per year. Start-up funds for research will also = be=20 provided. Teaching responsibilities (graduate and undergraduate) = normally=20 include two courses per year.

The Dauphin Island Sea Lab is located south of Mobile, Alabama at the = confluence of the Mobile Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. This environment = includes a=20 diverse array of understudied habitats, ranging from extensive=20 oligohaline/saltwater marshes to the productive open waters of the = northern=20 Gulf. The DISL is a 36-acre campus where teaching and research are = supported by=20 numerous research vessels (14'-65'), a newly renovated flowing seawater = lab, a=20 comprehensive library, and modern laboratory and analytical facilities. = For=20 additional descriptions of DISL facilities and programs see our web site = at http://www.disl.org.

Applicants should send a curriculum vitae, a brief = statement of=20 teaching and research interests, 2-3 selected reprints, and the names = and=20 contact information (including E-mail addresses) for three references = to: Dr.=20 John F. Valentine, Chair, Marine Scientist Search Committee, Dauphin = Island Sea=20 Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd. Dauphin Island, AL 36528. Review of = applications will=20 begin October 15, 2001 and continue until the position is filled. The = DISL is=20 an EOE/AA/M/F/D employer.

------=_NextPart_000_0078_01C116B4.BD927160-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 28 11:52:42 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA08684; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 11:52:41 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA19343; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 11:53:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019336; Sat, 28 Jul 01 11:53:11 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH6XBU00.N28 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 11:50:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH6XNW00.Q2T; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 11:57:32 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA29964; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 11:57:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhwayH6; Sat, 28 Jul 01 11:57:30 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA35260 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:51:54 GMT Received: from web10802.mail.yahoo.com (web10802.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.130.244]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA35237 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 11:51:43 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010728155138.28037.qmail@web10802.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [63.72.16.24] by web10802.mail.yahoo.com; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 08:51:38 PDT Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2001 08:51:38 -0700 (PDT) From: mel keys Subject: Sharpnose Puffers with Tumors To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 684 Hi, folks, From St. Croix, USVI: of seven Sharpnosed puffers, two had things stuck to them(?) that looked like bits of white rice. Might these be tumors? Some scattered coral diseases here, but no bleaching, yet. Cheers, Melissa Keyes __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 28 15:42:52 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA09746; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:42:52 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA20555; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:43:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020550; Sat, 28 Jul 01 15:42:51 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH77YL00.A3Y for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:39:57 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH788Q00.AKH; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 12:46:02 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA04825; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 12:46:02 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoYaaBj; Sat, 28 Jul 01 12:46:02 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA35695 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 19:41:31 GMT Received: from tula.cura.net (tula.cura.net [209.58.20.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA35620 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:41:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from cura.net (dppp138.cura.net [209.58.20.238]) by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA24796; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:36:28 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <3B631899.E6B5368C@cura.net> Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2001 15:55:05 -0400 From: Maureen Kuenen Organization: Marine Awareness Center X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: mel keys CC: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Sharpnose Puffers with Tumors References: <20010728155138.28037.qmail@web10802.mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id TAA35695 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 685 Seems we are all talking about the same thing. I'll see if I can get some pictures but that won't be till next week. Ciao, Maureen Kuenen Curacao mel keys wrote: > =A0 Hi, folks, > =A0 From St. Croix, USVI: of seven Sharpnosed puffers, > two had things stuck to them(?) that looked like bits > of white rice.=A0 Might these be tumors? > =A0 Some scattered coral diseases here, but no > bleaching, yet. > =A0 Cheers, > =A0 Melissa Keyes > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenge= r > http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. =A0 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 28 17:39:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA10261; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 17:39:56 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA21232; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 17:40:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021228; Sat, 28 Jul 01 17:40:35 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7DEU00.O1S for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 17:37:42 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7DOZ00.9MP; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 14:43:47 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA08716; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 14:43:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPGa4ar; Sat, 28 Jul 01 14:43:46 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA35817 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:40:17 GMT Received: from web11104.mail.yahoo.com (web11104.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.131.151]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA35558 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 17:40:03 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010728213958.137.qmail@web11104.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [196.42.32.246] by web11104.mail.yahoo.com; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 14:39:58 PDT Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2001 14:39:58 -0700 (PDT) From: Hernandez Edwin Subject: Bleaching N Mariana Is. (Fwd. from G. Bustamante) To: Coral List MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="0-2086645207-996356398=:98111" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 686 --0-2086645207-996356398=:98111 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline Dear coral-listers. The forwarded message attached below was sent to me by Dr. Georgina Bustamante, who requested me to post this on the coral-list. Send any response directly to her to the address at the end of the message. Regards, Edwin ________________________ Edwin, no estoy suscrita en la red, por favor pasa este mensaje a mi nombre: It seems that this year will be another bad one for coral reefs. I stayed all the month of July in Rota, Northern Mariana Is. (Pacific) and have noticed alot of bleaching, mostly in lagoonal reefs, and particularly on Acropora, and also more dead corals and algae overgrown, in comparison with last year. 1998 bleaching event did not affect these islands as it did with the South Pacific Islands, but it seems to be happening now in the whole archipelago. The government of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Is. (CNMI) has warned the population with a note in the main newspaper. Water temperature is getting very high, particularly in shallow-water areas (reef lagoons, tide pools) where corals usually settle and grow. Low tides are also very low this month and shallow reefs are getting exposed and overheated for several hours each day. Hot water flows out through the fringing barrier reef, which is very close to the shore in these islands. For more information, please contact John Starmer, coral reef monitoring biologist at Coastal Resources Management, CNMI at crm.biology@saipan.com Georgina Bustamante, Ph.D Caribbean Marine Conservation Coordinator The Nature Conservancy 4245 N Fairfaz dr. s. 100 Arlington, Va 22203 tel. 703-8415682 gbustamante@tnc.org __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ --0-2086645207-996356398=:98111 Content-Type: message/rfc822 X-Apparently-To: coral_giac@yahoo.com via web11104; 27 Jul 2001 19:59:49 -0700 (PDT) X-Track: 1: 40 Received: from popmail.tnc.org (EHLO linuxmail.tnc) (192.112.66.31) by mta525.mail.yahoo.com with SMTP; 27 Jul 2001 19:59:49 -0700 (PDT) Received: from [63.65.30.156] (HELO tncbe01.TNC.ORG) by linuxmail.tnc (CommuniGate Pro SMTP 3.1) with ESMTP id 9938945 for coral_giac@yahoo.com; Fri, 27 Jul 2001 22:59:45 -0400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft Exchange V6.0.4417.0 content-class: urn:content-classes:message MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Subject: bleaching in N Mariana Is. Date: Fri, 27 Jul 2001 22:59:48 -0400 Message-ID: X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Thread-Topic: belaching in N Mariana Is. Thread-Index: AcEXEVFdKE7SFcgDSpa2cekUq1ntFw== From: "Georgina Bustamante" To: Cc: "Rod Salm" Content-Length: 1989 RWR3aW4sIG5vIGVzdG95IHN1c2NyaXRhIGVuIGxhIHJlZCwgIHBvciBmYXZvciBwYXNhIGVzdGUg bWVuc2FqZSBhIG1pDQpub21icmU6DQogDQogDQogDQpJdCBzZWVtcyB0aGF0IHRoaXMgeWVhciB3 aWxsIGJlIGFub3RoZXIgYmFkIG9uZSBmb3IgY29yYWwgcmVlZnMuDQpJIHN0YXllZCBhbGwgdGhl IG1vbnRoIG9mIEp1bHkgaW4gUm90YSwgTm9ydGhlcm4gTWFyaWFuYSBJcy4gKFBhY2lmaWMpDQph bmQgaGF2ZSBub3RpY2VkIGFsb3Qgb2YgYmxlYWNoaW5nLCBtb3N0bHkgIGluIGxhZ29vbmFsIHJl ZWZzLCBhbmQNCnBhcnRpY3VsYXJseSBvbiBBY3JvcG9yYSwgYW5kIGFsc28gbW9yZSBkZWFkIGNv cmFscyBhbmQgYWxnYWUgb3Zlcmdyb3duLA0KaW4gY29tcGFyaXNvbiB3aXRoIGxhc3QgeWVhci4g DQogDQoxOTk4IGJsZWFjaGluZyBldmVudCBkaWQgbm90IGFmZmVjdCB0aGVzZSBpc2xhbmRzIGFz IGl0IGRpZCB3aXRoIHRoZQ0KU291dGggUGFjaWZpYyBJc2xhbmRzLCBidXQgaXQgc2VlbXMgdG8g YmUgaGFwcGVuaW5nIG5vdyBpbiAgdGhlIHdob2xlDQphcmNoaXBlbGFnby4NClRoZSBnb3Zlcm5t ZW50IG9mIHRoZSBDb21tb253ZWFsdGggb2YgdGhlIE5vcnRoZXJuIE1hcmlhbmEgSXMuIChDTk1J KQ0KaGFzIHdhcm5lZCB0aGUgcG9wdWxhdGlvbiB3aXRoIGEgbm90ZSBpbiB0aGUgbWFpbiBuZXdz cGFwZXIuIA0KIA0KV2F0ZXIgdGVtcGVyYXR1cmUgaXMgZ2V0dGluZyB2ZXJ5IGhpZ2gsIHBhcnRp Y3VsYXJseSBpbiBzaGFsbG93LXdhdGVyDQphcmVhcyAocmVlZiBsYWdvb25zLCB0aWRlIHBvb2xz KSB3aGVyZSBjb3JhbHMgdXN1YWxseSBzZXR0bGUgYW5kIGdyb3cuDQpMb3cgdGlkZXMgYXJlIGFs c28gdmVyeSBsb3cgdGhpcyBtb250aCBhbmQgc2hhbGxvdyByZWVmcyBhcmUgZ2V0dGluZw0KZXhw b3NlZCBhbmQgb3ZlcmhlYXRlZCBmb3Igc2V2ZXJhbCBob3VycyBlYWNoIGRheS4gSG90IHdhdGVy IGZsb3dzIG91dA0KdGhyb3VnaCB0aGUgZnJpbmdpbmcgYmFycmllciByZWVmLCB3aGljaCBpcyB2 ZXJ5IGNsb3NlIHRvIHRoZSBzaG9yZSBpbg0KdGhlc2UgaXNsYW5kcy4NCiANCkZvciBtb3JlIGlu Zm9ybWF0aW9uLCBwbGVhc2UgY29udGFjdCBKb2huIFN0YXJtZXIsIGNvcmFsIHJlZWYgbW9uaXRv cmluZw0KYmlvbG9naXN0IGF0IENvYXN0YWwgUmVzb3VyY2VzIE1hbmFnZW1lbnQsIENOTUkgYXQN CmNybS5iaW9sb2d5QHNhaXBhbi5jb20gPG1haWx0bzpjcm0uYmlvbG9neUBzYWlwYW4uY29tPiAN CiANCiANCkdlb3JnaW5hIEJ1c3RhbW5hbnRlLCBQaC5EDQpDYXJpYmJlYW4gTWFyaW5lIENvbnNl cnZhdGlvbiBDb29yZGluYXRvcg0KVGhlIE5hdHVyZSBDb25zZXJ2YW5jeQ0KNDI0NSBOIEZhaXJm YXogZHIuIHMuIDEwMA0KQXJsaW5ndG9uLCBWYSAyMjIwMw0KdGVsLiA3MDMtODQxNTY4Mg0KZ2J1 c3RhbWFudGVAdG5jLm9yZyA8bWFpbHRvOmdidXN0YW1hbnRlQHRuYy5vcmc+IA0K --0-2086645207-996356398=:98111-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 28 21:34:12 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA11471; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:34:11 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA22463; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:34:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022458; Sat, 28 Jul 01 21:34:23 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7O8H00.J4H for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:31:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7OIN00.PQD; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 18:37:35 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA14910; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 18:37:35 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAnxaOhD; Sat, 28 Jul 01 18:37:34 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA36169 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 01:34:48 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA36044 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:34:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.151.177]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7O5M00.P3X; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:29:46 -0400 Message-ID: <3B636890.7C9DB49D@noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:36:18 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" Organization: NOAA NESDIS/ORA X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (Win95; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: mel keys CC: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Sharpnose Puffers with Tumors References: <20010728155138.28037.qmail@web10802.mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 687 HotSpot Update: No exceptionally warm SSTs in the western Atlantic/Caribbean yet...with exception of Flower Gardens region. Aug 27 HotSpot update still has main activity bleaching activity for July 2001 in NW Pacific. Midway may be seeing bleaching this week if winds/clouds don't show up. AES mel keys wrote: > Hi, folks, > From St. Croix, USVI: of seven Sharpnosed puffers, > two had things stuck to them(?) that looked like bits > of white rice. Might these be tumors? > Some scattered coral diseases here, but no > bleaching, yet. > Cheers, > Melissa Keyes > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger > http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- AES...<><.........<><.........<><.........<><........<><..........AES Alan E. Strong Physical Oceanographer & Team Leader NOAA/NESDIS/ORA Oceanic Research & Applications Division (ORAD) Marine Applications Science Team NOAA Science Center -- Rm 711 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746 Phone: 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad AES...<><.........<><.........<><.........<><........<><..........AES . ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 28 21:35:12 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA11480; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:35:11 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA22471; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:35:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022466; Sat, 28 Jul 01 21:35:13 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7O9V00.P4O for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:32:19 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7OLX00.NZK; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:39:33 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA16890; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:39:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA0hai_G; Sat, 28 Jul 01 21:39:32 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA36122 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 01:36:07 GMT Received: from mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net (mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net [204.127.131.48]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA35929 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:35:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alinal.uncwil.edu ([12.77.147.30]) by mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20010729013507.EVML8490.mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net@alinal.uncwil.edu> for ; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 01:35:07 +0000 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.0.20010728213426.00a3d140@pop.uncwil.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:34:39 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Fwd: AP & SF Chronicle on 'Science' Historical Overfishing study Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 688 >Date: Fri, 27 Jul 2001 10:04:27 -0400 >From: Herb Ettel >Subject: AP & SF Chronicle on 'Science' Historical Overfishing study >To: mfcn-fishlink >Reply-to: hettel@conservefish.org >Organization: Marine Fish Conservation Network >X-VMS-To: IN%"mfcn-fishlink@igc.topica.com" "mfcn-fishlink" >X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; U) >X-Topica-Id: <996254107.inmta008.28459.1411563> >X-Topica-Loop: 1300002206 >X-Accept-Language: en >List-Post: >List-Subscribe: >List-Unsubscribe: >List-Archive: >List-Help: >Original-recipient: rfc822;szmanta@uncwil.edu > >Destruction of ocean abundance started long before industrial age, continues >now, study says > >By PAUL RECER >AP Science Writer > >07/26/2001 >Associated Press Newswires >Copyright 2001. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. > > >WASHINGTON (AP) - Humans started destroying the natural abundance of the seas >thousands of years ago and tipped a delicate balance that left the >environment more >vulnerable to the excesses of the modern age, a study shows. > >By widespread slaughter of sea turtles in the Caribbean, or sea cows off >the coast of >Australia or sea otters near Alaska, ancient humans started a damaging >cascade >that changed the Earth, researchers say in a study appearing Friday in the >journal >Science. It still is being felt. > >"There's been a longtime belief that everything was fine until the ... >Europeans >showed up," said Karen Bjordal, a zoology professor at the University of >Florida. >"Now we've discovered that the start of the environmental problems (in the >sea) go >way back before that." > >"The notion of the native peoples of having a benign impact on the >environment in >their vicinity has been challenged," said Charles Peterson of the >University of North >Carolina at Chapel Hill. "The general feeling is that there were dramatic >effects locally >and not a prudent predation" by ancient humans long before the Colonial and >industrial eras. > >Based on combined research of 19 scientists on four continents, the study >shows >that careless and excessive harvesting of food from the sea as early as >10,000 >years ago caused changes in the ecosystems and made the environment more >easily damaged by the wholesale exploitation of modern man. > >James Acheson, a marine scientist at the University of Maine, called the >research "a >breath of fresh air" in the understanding of marine ecology and how it has >been >affected by humans. > >"They are pointing toward a new way to look at the oceans," said Acheson. >"They >show that human predation preceded all the other damage" done to the oceans. > >In the study, researchers analyze the effect that the loss of species has >had on the >intricate food web of coastal areas in the Americas, Australia and Europe. >Included >was an analysis of kitchen debris left by ancient humans; reports on the >abundance >of sea life by explorers in the 18th and 19th centuries; and modern wildlife >population studies. > >"It is astonishing the effect we have had on the Earth," said Peterson. > >Bjorndal said algae now choking and killing many coral reefs in the >Caribbean can >be traced to the slaughter more than 3,000 years ago of the green sea >turtle and to >other animals that grazed on the sea plant. > >She said a study of kitchen refuse piles from the Amerindian peoples who >first settled >the Caribbean showed that they depended heavily on the sea turtle for >food. The >animals were easy to catch as they regularly lumbered ashore to lay eggs >on the >semitropical islands. > >Bjorndal said an analysis of the kitchen refuse piles at ancient island >village sites >shows that at first "a large amount of the meat the people lived on was >sea turtle." > >But evidence of turtle slaughter in the kitchen refuse grew less and less >with the >passage of time until, finally, "The turtles disappear entirely. It is >clear the nesting >colonies were wiped out," she said. > >With the turtle gone, the people turned to other food, such as the large >parrot fish, a >meaty dweller of the reef. Those, too, eventually became scarce, as did other >plant-eating animals. > >"We reduced the system to one plant-eating species," a type of sea urchin, >said >Bjorndal. "The system continued to function, but it was incredibly >vulnerable." > >That was shown when, starting 15 years ago, disease wiped out the sea >urchin, she >said. Algae quickly exploded in growth, smothering many coral reefs. This >in turn, >doomed many species that lived in the reef. > >"This was a process was set in motion when the (native people) killed off >the sea >turtle," Bjorndal said. > >Another example cited by the researchers is the loss of vast kelp forests >that once >grew thickly offshore along North America's east and west coasts. > >Overharvesting of the sea otter, starting some 2,500 years ago, led to a huge >population of sea urchins, the otter's principal food. The sea urchins >grazed away >the kelp forests, causing a steep decline in fish populations. > >In modern times, the sea otter has been protected from human hunters, but >now, >because of mankind, it has a new enemy - the killer whale. > >Peterson said the killer whale normally dines on seals. The population of >seals has >fallen dramatically over the last 200 years, however, both because of fur >hunters and >later overfishing by humans that deprived the seals of food. Since there >are few >seals to feed on, the killer whale now preys on the sea otter. This in >turn allows the >sea urchin to graze down the kelp forest. > >Bjordal and her co-authors believe some of the environmental loss can be >recovered >with new programs to protect sea life and control fishing. > >Many of the depleted animals are not extinct and could be brought back to >restore a >lost balance, she said. "One of our main messages is that there is hope," >she said. > >--- >On the Net: Science magazine: http://www.eurekalert.org > >........................................................................... >.......................................................... > >Study takes historical peek at plight of ocean ecosystems > >Jane Kay >Chronicle Environment Writer > >07/26/2001 >The San Francisco Chronicle >FINAL >A.4 >(Copyright 2001) > > >Overfishing and hunting of marine mammals over past centuries set the >stage for the >current collapse of coastal ecosystems, say scientists in a major new >study based >on records dating back 125,000 years. > >In one of the first studies to take a historical look at the problem, the >researchers >found that fishing by aboriginal cultures and European colonialists >contributed to the >extinction or severe depletion of many marine species. > >Among the species cited by the study are whales, manatees, sea cows, monk >seals, >crocodiles, swordfish, codfish, sharks and rays. > >The study, released today in the journal Science, was conducted by >researchers at >the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the U.S. Geological Survey and the >University of California, among others. > >"Contrary to romantic notions of the oceans as the 'last frontier' and of the >supposedly superior ecological wisdom of non-Western and precolonial >societies, >our analysis demonstrates that overfishing fundamentally altered coastal >marine >ecosystems during each of the cultural periods we examined," said the >study, whose >lead author is Jeremy B. C. Jackson, a marine biologist at Scripps in La >Jolla (San >Diego County). > >"Human impacts are also accelerating in their magnitude, rates of change >and in the >diversity of processes responsible for changes over time. Early changes >increased >the sensitivity of coastal marine ecosystems to subsequent disturbances >and thus >preconditioned the collapse we are witnessing," they said. > >Hunting and fishing of the oceans came in three distinct but overlapping >periods: the >aboriginals starting about 10,000 years ago, the European colonialists >trading in >whale oil and marine mammal skins, and the recent global expansion using >sophisticated technologies and "factory" trawlers. > >Coastal species were suffering from overfishing even before other man-made >problems, such as pollution, eutrophication (lack of oxygen leading to >toxic algae >blooms), physical destruction of habitats, diseases, invasive species and >climate >change, the study said. > >This is one of the first historical looks at overfishing, offering a >comparison between a >vastly abundant sea life found in marine sediments dating back 125,000 >years and >present day impoverished populations that depend on damaged kelp forests, >coral >reefs and seagrass beds. > >Until now, scientific understanding has been hampered by mainly local, >short-term >studies conducted after the 1950s. These studies also didn't consider the >ocean >conditions relating to changing temperatures and other climatic events. > >The collapse of ecosystems often occur over a long period. > >In one example, when Aleut hunters killed the Alaskan sea otter about >2,500 years >ago, the population of their natural prey, the sea urchin, grew larger >than its normal >size. In turn, the urchins grazed down the kelp forests, important habitat >for a whole >host of ocean life. > >Then, when fur traders in the 1800s hunted the otters and sea cows almost to >extinction, the kelp forests disappeared and didn't start to regenerate >until the federal >government protected the sea otters in the 20th century. In California, >the diversity of >spiny lobsters, sheephead fish and abalone kept down the urchin numbers. > >At present in Alaska, the kelp beds are declining again in areas where >killer whales >are preying on sea otters. Biologists think the killer whales switched to >otters for food >because there are fewer seals and sea lions to eat. > >The reasons seal and sea lion populations have dropped are still unclear, >according >to one of the authors, U.S. Geological Survey marine biologist Jim Estes. > >"One possibility is overfishing," Estes said. "The fishers took food the >seals and sea >lions would have eaten. A second could be a less productive ocean, with >less food >for the seals and sea lions in the North Pacific, related to ocean >warming, perhaps >cyclical or part of a larger human-caused trend. A third possibility is >predation by killer >whales or other predators." > > >************************************************* >MFCN-FISHLINK is a communication network hosted by The Marine Fish >Conservation Network(MFCN). If you would like to send a message to the >entire FISHLINK list, please send your message to >mfcn-fishlink@igc.topica.com. >Otherwise, please reply directly to the email address of the desired >recipient. Questions and comments about MFCN-FISHLINK should be directed >to Heidi Taylor at htaylor@conservefish.org. Please note that the views >expressed in MFCN-FISHLINK are not necessarily those of Network Staff. >************************************************* > >==^================================================================ >EASY UNSUBSCRIBE click here: http://igc.topica.com/u/?bz8P7G.bArpSs >Or send an email To: mfcn-fishlink-unsubscribe@igc.topica.com >This email was sent to: szmanta@uncwil.edu > >T O P I C A -- Register now to manage your mail! >http://www.topica.com/partner/tag02/register >==^================================================================ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Jul 28 21:36:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA11488; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:36:11 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA22478; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:36:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022474; Sat, 28 Jul 01 21:36:03 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7OB900.K58 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:33:09 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH7OMR00.2YX; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:40:03 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA16910; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:40:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPvaObH; Sat, 28 Jul 01 21:40:02 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA36179 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 01:37:07 GMT Received: from mtiwmhc24.worldnet.att.net (mtiwmhc24.worldnet.att.net [204.127.131.49]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA36141 for ; Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:36:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alinal.uncwil.edu ([12.77.147.30]) by mtiwmhc24.worldnet.att.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20010729013600.RYLP3707.mtiwmhc24.worldnet.att.net@alinal.uncwil.edu> for ; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 01:36:00 +0000 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.0.20010728213522.00a46a50@pop.uncwil.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2001 21:35:32 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Fwd: Science Cover Story on Marine Extinctions Further Supports Newly Introduced Fi Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; format=flowed X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA36102 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id BAA36179 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 689 >Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 15:48:32 -0400 >From: mfcn-fishlink >Subject: Science Cover Story on Marine Extinctions Further Supports Newl= y > Introduced Fi >X-Sender: fishserver/pop2.igc.org@pop3.norton.antivirus >To: mfcn-fishlink@igc.topica.com >Reply-to: fishserver@igc.org >X-VMS-To: IN%"mfcn-fishlink@igc.topica.com" >X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.3 (32) >X-Topica-Id: <996176478.inmta002.3986.1002443> >X-Topica-Loop: 1300002206 >List-Subscribe: >List-Unsubscribe: >List-Archive: >List-Help: >Original-recipient: rfc822;szmanta@uncwil.edu > >Contact: Herb Ettel (202) 543-5509 or Andrea Kavanagh (202) 887-8822 > > >Science Cover Story on Marine Extinctions Further Supports Newly Introdu= ced >Fisheries Recovery Act > >WASHINGTON (July 27, 2001)- "Ecological extinction caused by overfishing >precedes all other pervasive human disturbance to coastal ecosystems," >begins a new study published today in the journal Science. The study >identifies overfishing as the cause, historically and currently, of many= of >the problems facing coastal ecosystems and provides additional scientifi= c >support for new legislation that would end overfishing and other >destructive fishing practices. >"It is abundantly clear from our research that if we don't take an >ecosystem approach to managing ocean resources, we will be doomed to rep= eat >past mistakes," said Dr. Jeremy Jackson, the lead author of the study. "= The >historical record we studied abounds with examples of ecologically >important organisms, such as sea urchins and oysters, being lost before >their role in sustaining healthy ecosystems was understood." > >Drawing from paleoecological, archeological and historical data, the stu= dy >finds that centuries of overfishing of our oceans have triggered current >ecological collapses. The study also found clear evidence that recent >improvements in fishing technology have accelerated and amplified >overfishing problems. The international panel of scientists involved in >the two-year project identified overfishing as more destructive than >"pollution, degradation of water quality and anthropogenic climate chang= e." > >"This study shows, through hard scientific evidence, what many of us hav= e >long feared: our oceans and marine resources are in a crisis of our own >making," said Lee Crockett, Executive Director of the Marine Fish >Conservation Network. "Fortunately, legislation, introduced last week ca= n >turn the tide on this historic trend of overfishing, by closing the >loopholes in current fisheries law and putting the conservation of our >ocean resources first. While this crisis was centuries in the making, w= e >do not have centuries, or even decades to solve it. We must act now to >bring ocean ecosystems and the fish and fisheries that depend on them ba= ck >to sustainable levels." > >The Network supports passage of the Fisheries Recovery Act 2001, H.R. 25= 70, >introduced July 19 by Rep. Sam Farr (D-CA), which already has more than = 20 >co-sponsors. In conjunction with the bill's introduction, the Network al= so >released an analysis showing that 31 species of federally managed ocean >fish are currently at risk of extinction. > >"If we want to conserve America's marine resources for future generation= s, >we must first be willing to accept the evidence that our oceans are bein= g >overexploited." said Congressman Sam Farr (D-CA). "Current scientific >research is making it very clear that we must stop asking if there is a >problem and start asking when and how we can turn things around." > >The Fisheries Recovery Act of 2001 would close loopholes in current >fisheries law to: >=B7 Stop overfishing, >=B7 Avoid the killing of non-target ocean wildlife, >=B7 Protect ocean ecosystems, >=B7 Protect fish habitat from damaging fishing gear and practices, >=B7 Fund the introduction of less damaging fishing gear and practi= ces, and >=B7 Fund improved research and reporting, including fisheries obse= rvers. > >NOTE: Dr. Jeremy Jackson, of Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San >Diego, convened the international team of scientists at the National Cen= tre >of Ecological Analysis and Synthesis in Santa Barbara, California. To re= ach >Dr. Jackson call (858) 518-7613. To request the Science report titled >Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems, ca= ll >202-326-6440 or email scipak@aaas.org > >The Marine Fish Conservation Network is a nationwide coalition of 110 >environmental organizations, commercial and recreational fishing >associations, aquariums and marine science groups, dedicated to promotin= g >the long-term sustainability of marine fish. The Network represents five >million people. >For further information and graphics please visit >www.seaweb.org/ScienceJuly27.html and www.conservefish.org. >### > > >************************************************* >MFCN-FISHLINK is a communication network hosted by The Marine Fish=20 >Conservation Network(MFCN). If you would like to send a message to the=20 >entire FISHLINK list, please send your message to >mfcn-fishlink@igc.topica.com. >Otherwise, please reply directly to the email address of the desired=20 >recipient. Questions and comments about MFCN-FISHLINK should be directe= d=20 >to Heidi Taylor at htaylor@conservefish.org. Please note that the views= =20 >expressed in MFCN-FISHLINK are not necessarily those of Network Staff. >************************************************* > >=3D=3D^=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D >EASY UNSUBSCRIBE click here: http://igc.topica.com/u/?bz8P7G.${encoded_s= ub_id} >Or send an email To: mfcn-fishlink-unsubscribe@igc.topica.com >This email was sent to: szmanta@uncwil.edu > >T O P I C A -- Register now to manage your mail! >http://www.topica.com/partner/tag02/register >=3D=3D^=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Jul 29 19:23:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA16358; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 19:23:56 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA28462; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 19:24:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028458; Sun, 29 Jul 01 19:24:20 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH9CVP00.Q4A for ; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 19:21:26 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GH9D5W00.DWJ; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 16:27:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA27224; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 16:27:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAACdayk1; Sun, 29 Jul 01 16:27:31 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA38505 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 23:19:38 GMT Received: from tula.cura.net (tula.cura.net [209.58.20.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA38442 for ; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 19:19:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from Aquasearch (dppp203.cura.net [200.50.20.54]) by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id TAA24491; Sun, 29 Jul 2001 19:14:28 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <001001c1189d$e2790a80$361432c8@Aquasearch> From: "Education Department" To: , "Alina M. Szmant" References: <3.0.32.20010717133447.006b801c@pop.uncwil.edu> Subject: Re: marine labs in Caribbean Date: Sun, 29 Jul 2001 19:18:11 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000D_01C11863.34FCDBA0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 690 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000D_01C11863.34FCDBA0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hello All: The Curacao Sea Aquarium is available for research use. The information = can be found below. Steve Piontek I would like to compile a list of marine labs in the Caribbean with = good access to coral reefs that are available for use by researchers and = educators. I would greatly appreciate it if those of you that manage = such facilities could respond to this request with the information = below. I will compile the answers and make it available all those who = might be interested. Many thanks for your time! Alina Szmant ********************* Name of marine lab: Curacao Sea Aquarium Country/city located: Curacao, Netherlands Antilles Airport/transportation info: approx cost to travel to area from major US city (Miami, New York)=20 Daily non-stop flights from Miami on American and ALM, currently = runnning $240 Contact info for director/manager: =20 Steve Piontek, Director of Education, David van Bergen, Aquarium = Manager PO Box 3102, Curacao, NA Ph. 0599-9-461-6666 fax. 0599-9-461-3278 aquasearch@cura.net Description of facilities: (web site URL): ) www.curacao-sea-aquarium Fee structure for visitors, lodging, meals, lab: (if not available on = web site) Contact aquasearch@cura.net Number and size of groups you can accomodate:=20 1- 50 Lab equipment and space available:=20 minimal Running seawater facilities:=20 Entire aquarium complex is on an open system, aquaria from 200 gal up = to outdoor pools could be made available Boat support and costs:=20 14 foot Zodiac, 18 foot Boston Whaler, 48 foot crew boat, must be = operated by aquarium staff. Diving costs and availability:=20 Fully equipped dive shop on site, including equipment rentals, tank = fills and instruction. Environments: distance to nearest healthy reefs:=20 2 feet types of reefs:=20 fringing, wall distance to no-take areas and marine reserves=20 The Curacao Underwater Park begins from the Sea Aquarium. distance to seagrass and mangrove communities 3-4 n miles Permitting procedures and limitations: contact info for responsible agency:=20 Please contact aquasearch@cura.net ------=_NextPart_000_000D_01C11863.34FCDBA0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello All:

The Curacao Sea Aquarium is available = for research=20 use. The information can be found below.

Steve Piontek

I would like to compile a list of marine labs in the Caribbean = with good=20 access to coral reefs that are available for use by researchers and = educators.=20 I would greatly appreciate it if those of you that manage such = facilities=20 could respond to this request with the information below. I will = compile the=20 answers and make it available all those who might be = interested.

Many=20 thanks for your time!

Alina=20 Szmant

*********************

Name of marine lab: = Curacao=20 Sea Aquarium

Country/city located: Curacao, Netherlands=20 Antilles

Airport/transportation info:
approx cost to travel = to area=20 from major US city (Miami, New York)

Daily non-stop flights from Miami on American and = ALM,=20 currently runnning $240

Contact info for=20 director/manager:

Steve Piontek, Director of Education, David van Bergen, = Aquarium=20 Manager

PO Box 3102, Curacao, NA

Ph. 0599-9-461-6666

fax. 0599-9-461-3278

aquasearch@cura.net

Description of facilities: (web site URL): ) www.curacao-sea-aquarium

Fee structure for visitors, lodging, meals, lab: (if = not=20 available on web site)

Contact aquasearch@cura.net

Number= and=20 size of groups you can accomodate:

1- 50

Lab equipment and space available: =

minimal

Running seawater facilities: =

Entire aquarium complex is on an open system, aquaria = from 200=20 gal up to outdoor pools could be made available

Boat support = and costs:=20

14 foot Zodiac, 18 foot Boston Whaler, 48 foot crew boat, = must be=20 operated by aquarium staff.

Diving costs and availability:=20

Fully equipped dive shop on site, including equipment = rentals,=20 tank fills and instruction.

Environments:
distance to = nearest=20 healthy reefs:

2 feet

types of reefs:

fringing, wall

distance to no-take areas and = marine=20 reserves

The Curacao Underwater Park begins from the Sea=20 Aquarium.

distance to seagrass and mangrove communities 3-4 = n=20 miles

Permitting procedures and limitations:
contact = info for=20 responsible agency:
Please contact aquasearch@cura.net =

= ------=_NextPart_000_000D_01C11863.34FCDBA0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 30 10:21:55 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA24367; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:21:54 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA06470; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:22:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006445; Mon, 30 Jul 01 10:22:06 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHAIG000.25P for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:19:12 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHAITB00.VJB; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:27:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA12472; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:27:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASua4wy; Mon, 30 Jul 01 10:27:09 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA39887 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 14:22:20 GMT Received: from webmail.uvi.edu (webmail.uvi.edu [146.226.2.49]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA39855 for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:22:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from vimas2 ([146.226.192.57]) by webmail.uvi.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA22233 for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:22:02 -0400 (AST) From: "Paige Rothenberger" To: Subject: mild bleaching in St. Croix Date: Mon, 30 Jul 2001 10:21:18 -0400 Message-ID: <003001c11902$e6eb64e0$39c0e292@uvi.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0031_01C118E1.5FD9C4E0" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook CWS, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Importance: Normal Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 691 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0031_01C118E1.5FD9C4E0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Good Morning, During a sampling for our coral reef monitoring project at Long Reef in St. Croix, we noticed that about 50% of the Siderastrea siderea colonies we encountered showed mild bleaching (turning from their normal coloration to a light blue). A small portion of those colonies were more intensely bleached, showing patches of bright blue. A few isolated Palythoa seem to be starting to bleach as well. Paige Paige Rothenberger University of the Virgin Islands Center for Marine & Environmental Studies VI Marine Advisory Service (340) 692-4043 voice (340) 692-4047 fax prothen@uvi.edu See VIMAS on the web at http://rps.uvi.edu/vimas ------=_NextPart_000_0031_01C118E1.5FD9C4E0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Good=20 Morning,

During = a sampling=20 for our coral reef monitoring project at Long Reef in St. Croix, we = noticed that=20 about 50% of the Siderastrea siderea colonies we encountered showed mild = bleaching (turning from their normal coloration to a light blue). = A small=20 portion of those colonies were more intensely bleached, showing patches = of=20 bright blue. A few isolated Palythoa seem to be starting to bleach = as=20 well.

Paige

Paige Rothenberger
University of = the Virgin=20 Islands
Center for Marine & Environmental Studies
VI Marine = Advisory=20 Service
(340) 692-4043 voice
(340) 692-4047 fax
prothen@uvi.edu

See VIMAS on = the web at http://rps.uvi.edu/vimas =
------=_NextPart_000_0031_01C118E1.5FD9C4E0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Jul 30 11:35:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA26004; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 11:35:32 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA08624; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 11:36:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008571; Mon, 30 Jul 01 11:36:08 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHALVD00.G4U for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 11:33:13 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHAM5L00.BAG; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 08:39:21 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA17858; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 08:39:20 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA0FaO2I; Mon, 30 Jul 01 08:39:19 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA40246 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 15:37:10 GMT Received: from avocet.mail.pas.earthlink.net (avocet.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.121.50]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA40226 for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 11:36:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from 63.49.114.124 (pool-63.49.157.125.bltm.grid.net [63.49.157.125]) by avocet.mail.pas.earthlink.net (EL-8_9_3_3/8.9.3) with SMTP id IAA00884 for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 08:36:48 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <3B65805F.1F57@earthlink.net> Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 20:33:42 -0400 From: Alexander Stone Reply-To: a_stone@reefkeeper.org Organization: ReefKeeper International X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.04 (Macintosh; I; PPC) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral list Subject: FishTraps&CoralDamage Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 692 ****************************************** * R E E F D I S P A T C H * * JULY 27, 2001 * * _____________________________________ * * SHOULD FISH TRAPS BE ALLOWED TO KEEP * * CRUNCHING UP AMERICAN CORAL REEFS? * ****************************************** A Monthly Inside Look at a Coral Reef Issue from Alexander Stone, ReefKeeper International Director __________________________________________________ Dear ReefDispatch Reader: Over 40,000 fish traps are putting American coral reefs off West Florida, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands at daily risk of serious damage. At two meetings set for mid-August and mid-September, federal regulators will evaluate ReefKeeper proposals to reduce the risk of fish trap damage to American coral reefs. But it's going to be a very uphill battle to overcome fish trapper influence on these regulatory agencies and get the right thing done. Maybe, if you stand up for reefs along with us, together we can make the difference. Read on to see. DO FISH TRAPS DAMAGE CORAL? Fish traps are 2-foot-by-4-foot wire mesh cages used to catch snappers, groupers and other edible reef fish. (They also have a totally unacceptable 66% bycatch of tropicals, but I'll leave that horror story for a future ReefDispatch). To catch reef fish, fish traps need to be set near coral reef habitat. That's logical. What's NOT logical is that a large proportion of those traps are slamming down on coral! That needs to stop. But federal regulators are downplaying the damage and resisting our request to prohibit the setting of fish traps on coral. I don't understand that. You see what you think. Two recent scientific studies prove that over 40% of fish traps set in U.S. coral reef areas off Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands land directly on coral (Appeldoorn et. al. 2000, Quandt 1999). Based on government estimates of 20,000 fish traps in use in the U.S. Caribbean, that works out to more than EIGHT THOUSAND traps smashing up coral off Puerto Rico and the USVI every day. But a May 2001 "scoping report" by the U.S. Caribbean Fishery Management Council summarizes those findings by simply stating that "most traps in the studies were not placed on coral reefs." With no more details or numbers given. If that's not putting a spin on an issue, what is? The 2 scientific studies also found that large amounts of coral are being damaged by fish traps. One study gauged damage at 10 square centimeters PER WEEK for every trap on coral (Quandt 1999). The other study calculated weekly damage per trap at 70 square centimeters of "complete removal of coral tissue" (Appeldoorn 2000). Average those numbers and multiply by 8,000 traps per week landing on coral and the result is 160,000 square meters (40 acres) of coral damaged (destroyed, really) each and every year! Not counting more damage from hauling up the traps. Or infection and death of the damaged coral colonies. But the federal spin doctors are downplaying that, too. WHAT IS BEING DONE TO STOP FISH TRAP CORAL DAMAGE? Regulators go ballistic if a boat anchor damages one single coral colony. But the May 2001 preliminary Amendment to the U.S. Caribbean Reef Fish Management Plan discounts the ANNUAL destruction by traps of the equivalent of 40 acres of coral as "little direct impact." I don't see how that can be. I very much doubt that you do either. But you can see what a tough fight we have on our hands (off West Florida, also) to put a stop to this wanton destruction of American coral. ReefKeeper has petitioned the responsible federal agencies to adopt 3 very simple measures. Prohibit setting of fish traps directly on coral. Require 100-foot buffer zones between coral reefs and traps. Limit trap strings to 2 traps to prevent most hauling damage. (And off West Florida, implement an electronic Vessel Monitoring System to track where fish trap boats go -- something which was given "final" agency approval 18 months ago.) We've documented the need for these measures. We've testified at meetings. We've argued the issue one-on-one with agency representatives. And now, after 2 years of campaigning, our requests are up for decision at meetings in mid-August and mid-September. I'll be at those meetings to speak up for our coral reefs. You can speak up too, via a letter or a petition. WHAT CAN YOU DO? If you don't think fish traps should continue crunching American coral reefs, let the federal regulators know. If you can make the time, write and fax or mail your own individual letter to the agencies listed below (they don't accept email public comment). If that's not possible, sign onto a petition at http://www.reefkeeper.org/REEFALERTS/RA-FTrapUSC/PetitionFTrapUSC.html. But please try to do something before August 14th. Your help could make a crucial difference. Thanks a lot, Alexander Stone Director REEFKEEPER INTERNATIONAL Protecting Coral Reefs and Their Marine Life ********************************************** visit our website at http://www.reefkeeper.org ********************************************** REFERENCES CITED Appeldoorn R. S., M. Nemeth, J. Vasslides, M. Scharer. February 2000. The effect of Fish Traps on Benthic Habitats off La Parguera, Puerto Rico. Department of Marine Science, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681. 29 pages. Quandt, A. 1999. Assessment of fish trap damage on coral reefs around St. Thomas, USVI. University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas USVI. 14 pages. FEDERAL AGENCIES TO CONTACT Caribbean Fishery Management Council 268 Munoz-Rivera Ave # 1108, San Juan PR 00918 Attn: Miguel Rolon, Exec. Director FAX (787)766-6239 Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council 3018 U.S. Hwy 301 North # 1000, Tampa, FL 33619 Attn: Wayne Swingle, Exec. Director FAX (813) 225-7015 National Marine Fisheries Service 9721 Exec Center Dr North, St. Petersburg FL 33702 Attn: Dr. Joseph Powers, SE Region Administrator FAX (727) 570-5583 *********************************************** PLEASE HELP COVER THE COSTS OF OUR END TO FISH TRAPS CAMPAIGN http://www.reefkeeper.org/REEFALERTS/RA-FTrapUSC/DonateFTrapUSC.html FOR MORE INFO ON FISH TRAPS, GO TO http://www.reefkeeper.org/Campaigns/FishTraps/FtrapsUSC.html and http://www.reefkeeper.org/Campaigns/FishTraps/ftrapsGOM.html ____________________________________________ TO RECEIVE REEFDISPATCH DIRECTLY EACH MONTH (OR TO UNSUBSCRIBE), GO TO http://www.reefkeeper.org/ReefDispatch.html ____________________________________________ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 31 00:03:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id AAA05741; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 00:03:23 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA21728; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 00:04:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021723; Tue, 31 Jul 01 00:03:12 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHBKGH00.S7M for ; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 00:00:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHBKQG00.23T; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 00:06:16 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id AAA10985; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 00:06:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA42aaDv; Tue, 31 Jul 01 00:06:15 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA41137 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 03:56:37 GMT Received: from web12801.mail.yahoo.com (web12801.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.174.36]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id XAA41086 for ; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 23:56:27 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010731035623.81566.qmail@web12801.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [202.158.52.116] by web12801.mail.yahoo.com; Mon, 30 Jul 2001 20:56:23 PDT Date: Mon, 30 Jul 2001 20:56:23 -0700 (PDT) From: Kartika Yarmanti Subject: sediment on branching corals To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 693 Dear all, I need information about sedimentation rate in the reefs. Does anybody know the range values of sedimentation rate that can be tolerated by branching-staghorn corals? Thanks very much in advanced, Ika __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 31 06:06:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA07332; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 06:06:35 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA23885; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 06:07:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023881; Tue, 31 Jul 01 06:06:46 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHC1AE00.V5D for ; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 06:03:51 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHC1KN00.UUH; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 03:09:59 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA24738; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 03:09:58 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwMaGsW; Tue, 31 Jul 01 03:09:58 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA41775 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 10:06:52 GMT Received: from marconi.rtp.epa.gov (marconi.rtp.epa.gov [134.67.208.99]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA41698 for ; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 06:06:34 -0400 (EDT) From: Smith.Treda@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV Received: from epahub11.rtp.epa.gov (epahub11.rtp.epa.gov [134.67.213.52]) by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.2-33 #42056) with ESMTP id <0GHC000EH1DBGS@epamail.epa.gov> for coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 06:05:36 -0400 (EDT) Date: Tue, 31 Jul 2001 06:05:32 -0400 Subject: Treda Smith/DC/USEPA/US is out of the office. To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on EPAHUB11/USEPA/US(Release 5.0.6a |January 17, 2001) at 07/31/2001 06:05:35 AM Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 694 I will be out of the office starting 07/31/2001 and will not return until 08/02/2001. I will be attending training, and will promptly respond to your message(s) when I return. Thanks! ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Jul 31 09:40:38 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA10643; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 09:40:38 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27591; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 09:41:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027571; Tue, 31 Jul 01 09:40:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHCB7200.P8E for ; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 09:37:50 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHCBIG00.CH7; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 09:44:40 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA02409; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 09:44:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAuDaOSe; Tue, 31 Jul 01 09:44:39 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA42422 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 13:40:01 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA42402 for ; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 09:39:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 331; Tue, 31 Jul 2001 08:48:19 -0500 Message-ID: <3B66B511.317FB8D1@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Tue, 31 Jul 2001 08:39:30 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Kartika Yarmanti CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: sediment on branching corals References: <20010731035623.81566.qmail@web12801.mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 695 Ika, You should probably specify the scenario or time scale(s) of concern. There is a very big difference between acute but isolated sediment deposition (a rare storm event) and long-term sustained or chronic sedimentation, and of course the two interact -- the greater the chronic stress the less the tolerance for acute events. This needs to be reflected in the units (e.g., grams of mm of deposition per unit area per unit time) -- sediment budgets are commonly expressed per year, but that masks the impact of extreme short-term events. Local water motion and other environmental factors including possibly synergistic stresses will also condition the responses. Bob Buddemeier Kartika Yarmanti wrote: > Dear all, > > I need information about sedimentation rate in the > reefs. > Does anybody know the range values of sedimentation > rate that can be tolerated by branching-staghorn > corals? > > Thanks very much in advanced, > Ika > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger > http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 1 10:30:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA29983; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:30:22 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22562; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:31:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022551; Wed, 1 Aug 01 10:30:23 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHE85S00.89Z for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:27:28 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHE8IW00.F70; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:35:20 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA05750; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:35:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAATDaOol; Wed, 1 Aug 01 10:35:19 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA45084 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 14:28:20 GMT Received: from tula.cura.net (tula.cura.net [209.58.20.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA45242 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:28:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from cura.net (dppp212.cura.net [200.50.20.63]) by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA16645 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 10:23:17 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <3B681540.C8BDD378@cura.net> Date: Wed, 01 Aug 2001 10:42:08 -0400 From: Maureen Kuenen Organization: Marine Awareness Center X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list Subject: spawning Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------1156ED5659DA3A63DC7C10A4" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 696 --------------1156ED5659DA3A63DC7C10A4 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello all, Does anybody know the spawning times of Siderastrea siderea in Curacao? Thanks! Maureen Kuenen Marine Awareness Center Curacao --------------1156ED5659DA3A63DC7C10A4 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello all,
Does anybody know the spawning times of Siderastrea siderea in Curacao?
Thanks!
Maureen Kuenen
Marine Awareness Center
Curacao --------------1156ED5659DA3A63DC7C10A4-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 1 12:40:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA02835; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 12:40:33 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA26493; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 12:41:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026472; Wed, 1 Aug 01 12:40:30 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHEE6M00.9AK for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 12:37:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHEEGV00.KTY; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 09:43:43 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA06099; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 09:43:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_day5l; Wed, 1 Aug 01 09:43:42 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA46176 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 16:41:45 GMT Received: from jaguar1.usouthal.edu (jaguar1.usouthal.edu [192.245.221.200]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA46382 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 12:41:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from localhost (raronson@localhost) by jaguar1.usouthal.edu (8.11.0/8.11.0) with ESMTP id f71Gewj14544 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 11:40:58 -0500 (CDT) Date: Wed, 1 Aug 2001 11:40:58 -0500 (CDT) From: "Richard B. Aronson" To: Coral-List Subject: New Issue of Coral Reefs Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 697 Dear Friends, The latest issue of Coral Reefs, 19(4), is devoted to papers exploring the relationships among herbivory, nutrient input, coral mortality, and algal abundance. Edited by biological editor Alina Szmant and guest editors Bob Carpenter, Margaret Miller and Laurence McCook, the papers are an indication of significant progress on these problems. This issue is compelling reading: a real page-turner! Congratulations to the authors and editors on an excellent job. Rich Aronson ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 1 20:03:06 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA11231; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 20:03:05 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA06735; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 20:03:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006731; Wed, 1 Aug 01 20:03:19 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHEYMZ00.0CU for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 19:59:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHEYX800.G6G; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 17:05:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA28546; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 17:05:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAG_aaW3; Wed, 1 Aug 01 17:05:31 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA01731 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 00:02:50 GMT Received: from inet03.citec.qld.gov.au (firewall-user@inet03.citec.qld.gov.au [203.5.10.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA01728 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 20:02:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: by inet03.citec.qld.gov.au; id KAA12321; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 10:02:28 +1000 (EST) Received: from goshawk.env.qld.gov.au( 147.132.240.225) by inet03.citec.qld.gov.au via smap (V2.0) id xma011983; Thu, 2 Aug 01 10:02:14 +1000 Received: from origma.env.qld.gov.au (unverified) by goshawk.env.qld.gov.au (Content Technologies SMTPRS 4.1.5) with ESMTP id for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 10:04:23 +1000 Received: from env.qld.gov.au ([147.132.216.131]) by origma.env.qld.gov.au (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHEYJ300.ZNZ for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:57:03 +1000 Message-ID: <3B689A95.25D76881@env.qld.gov.au> Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2001 10:11:01 +1000 From: "Neil Mattocks" Organization: Environmental Protection Agency X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-CCK-MCD DEPA450 (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-List Subject: Coral Reefs publication Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------E48B2ADD5E9CB1D4009AD5B8" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 698 --------------E48B2ADD5E9CB1D4009AD5B8 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Regarding........ The latest issue of Coral Reefs, 19(4), is devoted to papers exploring the relationships among herbivory, nutrient input, coral mortality, and algal abundance. Edited by biological editor Alina Szmant and guest editors Bob Carpenter, Margaret Miller and Laurence McCook, the papers are an indication of significant progress on these problems. This issue is compelling reading: a real page-turner! Congratulations to the authors and editors on an excellent job. For those of us that don't usually access the Coral Reefs' publication......how can we? Thanks Neil Mattocks -- +----------------------------------------+ Neil Mattocks Coastal Management Tel: 07 4722 5314 Fax: 07 4722 5311 E-mail: Neil.Mattocks@env.qld.gov.au --------------E48B2ADD5E9CB1D4009AD5B8 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Regarding........
The latest issue of Coral Reefs, 19(4), is devoted to papers exploring the
relationships among herbivory, nutrient input, coral mortality, and algal
abundance. Edited by biological editor Alina Szmant and guest editors Bob
Carpenter, Margaret Miller and Laurence McCook, the papers are an
indication of significant progress on these problems. This issue is
compelling reading: a real page-turner! Congratulations to the authors
and editors on an excellent job.
For those of us that don't usually access the Coral Reefs' publication......how can we?
Thanks
Neil Mattocks
--
+----------------------------------------+
Neil Mattocks
Coastal Management
Tel: 07 4722 5314 Fax: 07 4722 5311
E-mail: Neil.Mattocks@env.qld.gov.au
--------------E48B2ADD5E9CB1D4009AD5B8-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 1 22:12:17 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA12006; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 22:12:16 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA07668; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 22:12:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007656; Wed, 1 Aug 01 22:12:28 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHF4NX00.GC2 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 22:09:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHF50300.4SQ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 22:16:51 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA28027; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 22:16:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAlDaqV2; Wed, 1 Aug 01 22:16:50 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA01835 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 02:12:42 GMT Received: from prserv.net (out1.prserv.net [32.97.166.31]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA01832 for ; Wed, 1 Aug 2001 22:12:25 -0400 (EDT) Message-Id: <200108020212.WAA01832@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Received: from robert-u15yszf2 (slip-202-135-184-22.hk.hk.prserv.net[202.135.184.22]) by prserv.net (out1) with SMTP id <2001080202121720105uiq8oe>; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 02:12:18 +0000 From: "Robert Delfs" To: "Coral-List" , "Neil Mattocks" Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2001 10:11:47 +0800 Reply-To: "Robert Delfs" X-Mailer: PMMail 2000 Professional (2.20.2360) For Windows 2000 (5.0.2195;1) In-Reply-To: <3B689A95.25D76881@env.qld.gov.au> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Subject: Re: Coral Reefs publication Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 699 On Thu, 02 Aug 2001 10:11:01 +1000, Neil Mattocks wrote: >For those of us that don't usually access the Coral Reefs' publication......how can we? By subscribing - membership in the International Society for Reef Studies is only US$80/year for an individual, or $90 for a family (two persons). It covers four quarterly issues of Coral Reefs and the biannual newsletter. You can check the society website at , or send inquiries to Rich Aronson at . As Aronson's post noted, the current issue is fascinating. A lot of the new research on coral-algal competition dramatically contradicts what has been the conventional wisdom up to now. A very worthwhile read. Robert Delfs Robert Delfs Reply to: Tel: +852 2812-6290 +852 9303-6397 Fax: +852 2812-6970 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 2 09:13:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA16455; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:13:10 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA12823; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:13:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma012813; Thu, 2 Aug 01 09:13:31 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHFZ7Z00.5DB for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:09:35 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHFZJT00.30K; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:16:41 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA17803; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:16:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9_aOWI; Thu, 2 Aug 01 09:16:40 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA02857 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 13:05:02 GMT Received: from smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.60]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA02919 for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 09:04:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from 66-44-12-200.s708.apx2.lnh.md.dialup.rcn.com ([66.44.12.200] helo=erols.com) by smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net with esmtp (Exim 3.32 #2) id 15SI9Z-00043l-00 ; Thu, 02 Aug 2001 09:04:41 -0400 Message-ID: <3B69511D.BCBCD57@erols.com> Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2001 09:09:49 -0400 From: John Ware Reply-To: jware@erols.com Organization: SeaServices, Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en,pdf MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Neil Mattocks CC: Coral-List Subject: Re: Coral Reefs publication References: <3B689A95.25D76881@env.qld.gov.au> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 700 Dear Neil (and Coral List), Thanks for the kind words concerning the latest issue of Coral Reefs. The best way to assure that don't have access to the publications of the ISRS (journal and newsletter), the best way is to join the ISRS. Membership is $80/yr (for 2001) and includes 4 issues of Coral Reefs and 4 issues of Reef Encounter. Please contact me at the e-mail or mail address below for application forms. John Ware Treasurer International Society for Reef Studies Neil Mattocks wrote: > > > Regarding........ > The latest issue of Coral Reefs, 19(4), is devoted to papers exploring > the > relationships among herbivory, nutrient input, coral mortality, and > algal > abundance. Edited by biological editor Alina Szmant and guest editors > Bob > Carpenter, Margaret Miller and Laurence McCook, the papers are an > indication of significant progress on these problems. This issue is > compelling reading: a real page-turner! Congratulations to the > authors > and editors on an excellent job. > > For those of us that don't usually access the Coral Reefs' > publication......how can we? > > Thanks > Neil Mattocks > > -- > +----------------------------------------+ > Neil Mattocks > Coastal Management > Tel: 07 4722 5314 Fax: 07 4722 5311 > E-mail: Neil.Mattocks@env.qld.gov.au > -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware@erols.com * * seaservices.org * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 2 13:45:29 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA21889; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 13:45:28 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA19266; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 13:46:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019251; Thu, 2 Aug 01 13:45:58 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHGBVR00.OCG for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 13:43:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHGC6100.3P3; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 10:49:13 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA17784; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 10:49:12 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwma4UI; Thu, 2 Aug 01 10:49:12 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA03528 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 17:44:09 GMT Received: from mail.auracom.com (mail.auracom.com [216.126.204.211]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA03467 for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 13:44:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from QDEBIMACK@auracom.auracom.com [165.154.243.207] by mail.auracom.com with ESMTP (SMTPD32-6.06) id A1B92D40024; Thu, 02 Aug 2001 11:45:29 -0600 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.1.20010802144044.009ec120@mail.auracom.com> X-Sender: debimack@mail.auracom.com (Unverified) X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2001 14:50:56 -0300 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Debbie MacKenzie Subject: Bleaching - not just corals? A look at the northern seaweeds.. Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 701 Dear coral-list, Nowhere near a coral reef, yet I see parallels to the coral bleaching problem in the changes in intertidal organisms in Nova Scotia, Atlantic Canada. Loss of pigmentation and stunted growth in macroalgae, plus the decline of small sessile filter feeders such as barnacles and mussels (and their overgrowth by "algae")...seem to reflect the development of an increasing nitrogen deficiency in open ocean seawater. I would appreciate any feedback on this, here's an article that I just posted describing these disturbing trends (full of pictures, the page may take a while to load, but that's the only way to accurately tell a story like this one.) http://www.fisherycrisis.com/seaweed.html Thanks, Debbie MacKenzie ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 2 17:01:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA26297; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 17:01:22 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA24579; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 17:02:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024566; Thu, 2 Aug 01 17:01:46 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHGKWF00.GDZ for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 16:57:51 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHGL6O00.0NA; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 14:04:00 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA15089; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 14:04:00 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_NaGCD; Thu, 2 Aug 01 14:04:00 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA03836 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:00:24 GMT Message-Id: <200108022100.VAA03836@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 2 Aug 2001 12:36:31 -0500 (CDT) From: "Richard B. Aronson" To: Coral-List cc: Neil.Mattocks@env.qld.gov.au Subject: Re: Coral Reefs publication Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 702 Dear Neil and Coral-Listers, There are two ways to subscribe to Coral Reefs: 1> Order direct from the publishers Springer-Verlag at approximately US$380 per volume of 4 issues 2> Become a member of International Society for Reef Studies at US$80 per year. Both options provide hard copy and electronic access to Coral Reefs. Joining ISRS also entitles you to two issues of the ISRS newsletter 'Reef Encounter,' and opportunies to participate in ISRS meetings and compete for student awards. For membership forms and more details about the Society, please see the ISRS web site at www.uncwil/ISRS Best regards, Terry Done, ISRS President Rich Aronson, ISRS Corresponding Secretary At 10:11 AM 8/2/2001 +1000, Neil Mattocks wrote: > >Regarding........ >The latest issue of Coral Reefs, 19(4), is devoted to papers exploring the >relationships among herbivory, nutrient input, coral mortality, and algal >abundance. Edited by biological editor Alina Szmant and guest editors Bob >Carpenter, Margaret Miller and Laurence McCook, the papers are an >indication of significant progress on these problems. This issue is >compelling reading: a real page-turner! Congratulations to the authors >and editors on an excellent job. > >For those of us that don't usually access the Coral Reefs' >publication......how can we? > >Thanks >Neil Mattocks > >-- >+----------------------------------------+ >Neil Mattocks >Coastal Management >Tel: 07 4722 5314 Fax: 07 4722 5311 >E-mail: Neil.Mattocks@env.qld.gov.au > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 2 21:14:17 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA29055; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:14:17 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA27739; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:14:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027735; Thu, 2 Aug 01 21:14:26 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHGWLI00.MCL for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:10:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHGWWN00.VD6; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:17:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA17059; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:17:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfjaquH; Thu, 2 Aug 01 21:17:10 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA04152 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 01:12:23 GMT Received: from web11107.mail.yahoo.com (web11107.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.131.154]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id VAA04090 for ; Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:12:01 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010803011158.62179.qmail@web11107.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [196.42.39.66] by web11107.mail.yahoo.com; Thu, 02 Aug 2001 18:11:58 PDT Date: Thu, 2 Aug 2001 18:11:58 -0700 (PDT) From: Hernandez Edwin Subject: WBD outbreak in Culebra Island, P.R. To: Coral List MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 703 Dear coral-listers: During a field survey today (August 2, 2001) at Culebra Island, Puerto Rico, we found that 60 out of 118 colonies or fragments of Acropora cervicornis were infected with the White Band Disease (WBD). Although WBD has been observed previously in a sporadic fashion, this is the first outbreak of the WBD we have documented here since the beggining of our long-term monitoring studies back in 1996. A total of 12/118 colonies were completely dead (10%). Infected colonies were observed in depths ranging from 2 to 8 m. All partially dead and completely-dead colonies are starting to be overgrown by filamentous algal turfs kept mostly by the three-spot damselfish, Stegastes planifrons (Pisces: Pomacentridae). Regarding the White Plague outbreak, colonies of Montastrea annularis keep being infected, but at apparentely a slower rate. However, spreading of the disease appear faster than ever. One of the most dramatic examples was a 3 m L x 2.5 W x 2 m H colony of M. annularis which was completely wiped out by the Plague in about a month or less. In addition, we documented, for the first time in Culebra Island, a Mycetiophylia ferox colony infected by what appears to be the White Plague. Also, a few colonies of Montastrea annularis are showing recent signs of Black Band Disease infections. Sorry, no quantitative data yet. In addition, there are new reports on coral bleaching. A few isolated colonies of Montastrea annularis (columnar and platy morphotypes) were showing assimetric patches of pale yellow tissue in their upper surfaces. There were additional isolated bleached colonies of Millepora alcicornis. There were also a few additional blue-colored Siderastrea siderea colonies showing tissue necrosis at the edge of the colonies. One of them was particularly affected showing a gradation of colors from a brick-red, to lavender, to violet, to pink, to white, followed by a recently dead area of exposed skeleton a dark-green 0.5-cm wide thin filamentous band which resembles a BBD infection, but green-colored. The living areas of that colony showing lavender, violet and pink colors barely produced mucous and were covered by fine layer of silt. About 50-60% of the colony surface area was already dead. Sorry, I have no picture, but the colony was georeferenced in an attempt to revisit it, take pictures, take some measurements and do some experiments. Has anybody else ever seen something like that? I'll keep you posted regarding the findings of our ongoing studies there. Regards, Edwin ===== Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado, Ph.D. University of Puerto Rico Department of Biology Coral Reef Research Group P.O. Box 23360 San Juan, P.R. 00931-3360 Tel (787) 764-0000, x-4855; Fax (787) 764-2610 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 3 06:19:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA02163; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 06:19:44 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA01112; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 06:20:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001104; Fri, 3 Aug 01 06:19:46 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHLW200.TDZ for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 06:16:50 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHM6A00.54P; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 03:22:58 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA07207; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 03:22:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAEea4co; Fri, 3 Aug 01 03:22:57 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA04814 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:19:22 GMT Received: from web20107.mail.yahoo.com (web20107.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.226.44]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA04828 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 06:19:09 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010803101907.34754.qmail@web20107.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [210.176.73.165] by web20107.mail.yahoo.com; Fri, 03 Aug 2001 03:19:07 PDT Date: Fri, 3 Aug 2001 03:19:07 -0700 (PDT) From: Tom Williams Subject: Re: Returnee to the list To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: <200108030722.HAA04467@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 704 I have been off the list for quite a while but Dubai and the UAE are trying to do some good things for coral. We are trying to get background on restoration/ enhanced recruitment of died-off reef- a good reef died off about 95% in 1996 but still has some good heads and a few living patches (mostly massives with a few porites/acropora). A thin - 3-10 cm of silt/fines has covered the reef rock. Reef is in less than 10m of water and in the summer it is VERY Hot - lately 46oC shade temperatures. Sand waves dominate along the shore with a good seagrass meadow between the sand waves and the main reef-rock area. On the sea side the reef at 3-6m depth drops off to 7-9m depth with lots of sand to the seaward. We are doing geo-referenced videos of current reef rock - about 5 km x 1 km, and we have a video in 1995 before the die-back-tragic to see the differences. We are doing detailed bathymetry and looking at doing a sampling of micro/meso-biotic inventory to see if we can identify conditions suitable for restoration of recruitment. We are looking at doing some dredging to provide deeper, cooler water in some areas...we are looking at trying to locate remaining live reef with the possibility of relocating some heads as spawning sources. We have support but we need examples and some ideas on potential for success (>25%). Has anyone tried "reef-rock" cleaning to provide suitable substrate for recruitment, any one with ideas on how to restore, replant, re-introduce. I have seen several items on the net indicating others are replanting and trying to regrow on damage good reef. Any ideas on micro-biotic (formas, ostracodes, diatoms) indicators for "good reef conditions" for relocating or restoration?? We will be circulating more later..We would also be interested in sponsoring/cooperating for reef meetings on the Arabian Peninsula. We are just restarting some earlier work but will be working for the next 2-5 years. Dr. Tom Williams AFTER 15 AUGUST Jebel Ali Properties PO Box 17777 Dubai UAE 9714-3991400 97150-553-7217 AUGUST3-13 001-650-558-9590, sAN mATEO cALIF. __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 3 10:09:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA05497; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:09:14 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA05865; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:09:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005833; Fri, 3 Aug 01 10:08:54 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHWHT00.BGR for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:05:53 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHWS400.62J; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 07:12:04 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA26191; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 07:12:04 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWfaWjZ; Fri, 3 Aug 01 07:12:03 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA00966 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 14:07:55 GMT Received: from gsflstpm01.er.usgs.gov (gsflstpm01.er.usgs.gov [131.247.143.99]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA00961 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:07:38 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Diploria strigosa To: coral list X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.3 March 21, 2000 Message-ID: From: "T D Hickey" Date: Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:09:59 -0400 X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on gsflstpm01/SERVER/USGS/DOI(Release 5.0.7 |March 21, 2001) at 08/03/2001 10:09:59 AM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 705 Hi Coral Folks, Would anyone be kind enough to forward me information on the annual growth rate of Diploria strigosa (hemispherical head variety)? This particular head is from the waters off St. John, USVI. Thank you in advance for any information you may provide. Don ------------------------------- T. Donald Hickey U.S. Geological Survey Center for Coastal Studies 600 4th St. South St. Petersburg, FL 33701 Phone: (727) 803-8747 ext. 3040 Fax: (727) 803-2032 tdhickey@usgs.gov http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 3 10:59:44 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA06489; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:59:44 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07122; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 11:00:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007108; Fri, 3 Aug 01 10:59:38 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHYUI00.OE4 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 10:56:42 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHZ4T00.ECU; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 08:02:53 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA03294; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 08:02:52 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAJxaGBg; Fri, 3 Aug 01 08:02:52 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA01114 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 15:00:36 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA01100 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 11:00:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 09:56:40 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3D68@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: Coral List Subject: RE:NBC 6 EcoWatch: South Florida's Coral Reefs in Crisis (Airing Tuesday, 8/7, 7:00-7:30 PM) Date: Fri, 3 Aug 2001 09:55:22 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 706 Coral List: FYI --------------------------------------------------------------------- South Florida's Coral Reefs in Crisis NBC 6 Shows Why Community Should Care (Miramar, August 2, 2001) Coral reefs, or "rain forests of the sea," are dying at an alarming rate. Now, South Florida has become "ground zero" in the global battle to save these undersea cities, believed to be vital to most of the world's fish and sea creatures. As part of a yearlong environmentalawareness campaign called EcoWatch, NBC 6 will air a special called "Coral Crisis" on Tuesday, August 7, from 7:00-7:30PM. NBC 6 Anchor Jennifer Valoppi will host. In the program, NBC 6 travels halfway around the world in search of answers for our coral reefs here at home. Also featured will be world- renowned oceanographer and environmentalist Jean Michel Cousteau, son of the late Jacques Cousteau. Why should South Floridians be concerned about the coral crisis? Currently, researchers are discovering amazing new medical and scientific benefits to coral. Conservationists are imploring that saving the coral is simply the right thing to do. In addition, coral is a key component of South Florida's billion-dollar tourism industry. So, be it for scientific, environmental or business reasons, the coral reef crisis is an issue that affects the entire community. "The great challenge for Floridians in protecting our coral is to care a great deal for something we can't even see," said NBC 6 EcoWatch Producer Jeff Burnside. "That's precisely why the news media have a moral responsibility to cover this issue. It's unprecedented, and gratifying, that a local television station is devoting an entire half hour to it." Because of NBC 6's commitment to environmental coverage, The Pew Center for Civic Journalism recently became a funding sponsor of EcoWatch. This prestigious organization, based in Washington, D.C., supports news organizations that dare to take the high road and cover stories that are important to the community. For more information on EcoWatch, log on to http://www.nbc6.net Contact: Estela Garcia (954) 622-6853 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 3 11:18:53 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA06815; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 11:18:53 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07592; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 11:19:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007583; Fri, 3 Aug 01 11:19:25 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHHZRH00.7H9 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 11:16:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHI01S00.959; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 08:22:40 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA06295; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 08:22:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASkaWsm; Fri, 3 Aug 01 08:22:39 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA01319 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 15:20:13 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f108.law14.hotmail.com [64.4.21.108]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA01310 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 11:19:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 08:19:22 -0700 Received: from 141.163.1.26 by lw14fd.law14.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Fri, 03 Aug 2001 15:19:22 GMT X-Originating-IP: [141.163.1.26] From: "julia webb" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: growth rates Date: Fri, 03 Aug 2001 16:19:22 +0100 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 03 Aug 2001 15:19:22.0978 (UTC) FILETIME=[ACB6B420:01C11C2F] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 707 I have some favia corals from northern bahia, brazil. Could anyone tell me if they have any results on growth rates for faviids. regards julia webb _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 3 12:18:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA07988; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:18:44 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA09814; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:19:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009798; Fri, 3 Aug 01 12:19:19 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHI2JB00.QFE for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:16:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHI2U900.7RV; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:22:57 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA28586; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:22:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAvjaa13; Fri, 3 Aug 01 12:22:55 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA01704 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 16:19:07 GMT Received: from mx1.whoi.edu (postfix@zeratul.whoi.edu [128.128.76.62]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA01700 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:18:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from whoi.edu (orang1.whoi.edu [128.128.16.61]) by mx1.whoi.edu (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1D02037E55; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 12:18:54 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <3B6ACFC2.B3097442@whoi.edu> Date: Fri, 03 Aug 2001 12:22:26 -0400 From: anne cohen Organization: WHOI X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.08 [en] (Win98; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: T D Hickey Cc: coral list Subject: Re: Diploria strigosa References: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 708 Dear Don I collected a few small (~15cm high) D. strigosa heads off Grapetree Bay, St Croix last year. Annual density bands are feint compared with those in D. labyrinthiformis but one can still see narrow low density and wide high density regions in x-ray. On average, annual band width (i.e. one high- plus one low-density couplet) is 8mm, which is close to what we calculated for Montastrea spp. (~10mm/year). Hope this helps, Anne. T D Hickey wrote: > Hi Coral Folks, > > Would anyone be kind enough to forward me information on the annual growth > rate of Diploria strigosa (hemispherical head variety)? This particular > head is from the waters off St. John, USVI. > > Thank you in advance for any information you may provide. > > Don > ------------------------------- > T. Donald Hickey > U.S. Geological Survey > Center for Coastal Studies > 600 4th St. South > St. Petersburg, FL 33701 > Phone: (727) 803-8747 ext. 3040 > Fax: (727) 803-2032 > tdhickey@usgs.gov > http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr A.L. Cohen Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Geology and Geophysics, ms#23 Woods Hole MA 02543 USA T: 508 289 2958 F: 508 457 2175 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 3 20:57:53 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA14940; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 20:57:52 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA19546; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 20:58:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019541; Fri, 3 Aug 01 20:58:01 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHIQI500.3FY for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 20:54:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHIQSG00.UJV; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 18:00:16 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA07933; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 18:00:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAARha4Ep; Fri, 3 Aug 01 18:00:15 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA01351 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 00:53:51 GMT Received: from mercury.akctr.noaa.gov (mercury.akctr.noaa.gov [161.55.120.130]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA01348 for ; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 20:53:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([161.55.236.165]) by mercury.akctr.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 mercury Jun 21 2001 23:53:48) with ESMTP id GHIQGQ00.A71; Fri, 3 Aug 2001 17:53:14 -0700 Message-ID: <3B6B4972.7CA19C57@noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 03 Aug 2001 15:01:38 -1000 From: John naughton X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Alan E Strong CC: Coral-list , Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands References: <3B5D7DE2.9279DEE6@noaa.gov> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 709 Alan: I'll be conducting surveys in Palau in conjunction with the US Coop. Agency Team for the Palau Compact Road Project, Aug 6-15. Will keep an eye open for potential bleaching, from the inner lagoon areas to the outer barrier reef face. Keep you posted. Aloha, John John Naughton Pacific Islands Area Office NMFS, Honolulu Alan E Strong wrote: > NOTICE: > > >From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated overnight, > using information our satellite obtained during the past weekend, we > observe the following changes in the present bleaching situation: > > *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) > Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern Mariana's > Midway - still showing signs of development from the west > Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands > Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the Bank > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html > > Feedback appreciated... > > AES > > -- > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > Alan E. Strong > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > 5200 Auth Road > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > 301-763-8102 x170 > FAX: 301-763-8108 > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 4 10:27:28 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA18403; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:27:27 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA24588; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:28:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024584; Sat, 4 Aug 01 10:27:29 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHJS0T00.1HM for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:24:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHJSD800.N98; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:31:56 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA23644; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:31:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAdQaqlU; Sat, 4 Aug 01 10:31:54 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA02355 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 14:17:33 GMT Received: from nt1.novaera.com.br ([200.199.17.134]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA02352 for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:17:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [200.199.17.111] by nt1.novaera.com.br (NTMail 3.03.0017/1.adcr) with ESMTP id wa738552 for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 11:00:24 -0200 Message-ID: <000201c11ced$2c6dba20$6f11c7c8@default> Reply-To: "Fernanda Amaral" From: "Fernanda Amaral" To: "julia webb" , References: Subject: Re: growth rates Date: Sat, 4 Aug 2001 10:47:55 -0300 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4522.1200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA02355 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 710 -----Mensagem Original----- De: "julia webb" Para: Enviada em: Sexta-feira, 3 de Agosto de 2001 12:19 Assunto: growth rates > I have some favia corals from northern bahia, brazil. Could anyone tell= me > if they have any results on growth rates for faviids. > > regards > julia webb Dear Julia, I have been working on Brazilian corals since 1984, I did morphometric studies (morphological variation), but I never did growth rates measurements. We intend to start this study in few months. I suggest you to write to Dr. Zelinda Le=E3o (zelinda@ufba.br), because = she and her work group do studies on coral from Bahia State. Best wishes, Sincerely, Fernanda Amaral ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 4 12:51:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA19527; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:51:44 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA27727; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:52:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027720; Sat, 4 Aug 01 12:51:26 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHJYN600.MEO for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:47:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHJYXH00.NPF; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 09:53:41 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA12612; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 09:53:41 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAqmaqOy; Sat, 4 Aug 01 09:53:40 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA02723 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 16:50:08 GMT Received: from imf15bis.bellsouth.net (mail315.mail.bellsouth.net [205.152.58.175]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA02724 for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:49:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from trish ([208.63.202.13]) by imf15bis.bellsouth.net (InterMail vM.5.01.01.01 201-252-104) with SMTP id <20010804165013.VMHH191.imf15bis.bellsouth.net@trish> for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:50:13 -0400 From: "Trish Hunt" To: Subject: What is the difference? Date: Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:42:21 -0400 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0004_01C11CE2.E75CF4A0" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Importance: Normal Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 711 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0004_01C11CE2.E75CF4A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA02723 It=92s me again=85for those of you that remember the letter to Gov. Bush.= I have a few questions on a different topic, a new =93soap-box=94 issue, if= you will. I have already corresponded with some on this list about my new issue. I know I am fighting an uphill battle; but it is one that I hope, with some help from other private citizens, that we can win. I am hoping someone can explain to me what the difference is between a worm reef and = a coral reef. I am presently doing research on beach restoration projects, specifically when such projects pose a threat of possibly burying near shore hard bott= om habitat. Frankly, I am trying to find alternatives to a specific project. I need to know the difference between a worm reef and a coral reef so tha= t I may better understand the permit applicant=92s viewpoints on why it is ok= or of little concern if the habitat in this proposed project area is buried under silt. (Previous smaller projects in the area have already caused s= ome obvious damage to the habitat.) I am asking why it has been stated, =93I= t=92s only a worm reef,=94 or =93It=92s not like it is a coral reef,=94 when th= ere is occulina coral everywhere, some other corals that I do not have enough education in the area to identify, there are many different species of sponges, more urchins than I would ever want to count (wasn=92t there a b= ig deal not long ago where urchins mysteriously disappeared helping to contribute to an over abundance of algae?), many species of fish includin= g wrasses, damsels, angels, parrotfish, nurse sharks, and many others, lobsters (quite a few), hermit crabs, coral banded shrimp, sea turtles an= d a lot of other inhabitants that I don=92t care to attempt to list. I was of the opinion that a reef is a reef is a reef; and a reef system included any and all inhabitants from microscopic plankton all the way to the largest of game fish and more. I am hoping someone from this list ca= n help to set me straight on the difference and perhaps provide some educat= ed, professional, scientific opinions (you may remain anonymous :-)) as to wh= y property owners on the beaches would justify possible reef damage by sayi= ng it is only a worm reef. I honestly do not understand what the difference is; or why it would matter if there are worms present, as long as there i= s coral present, why it is not =93classified=94 a coral reef. I would appreciate any response that may provide me with a better understanding of all this. I am just hoping that these ecosystems weren=92= t given the name worm reef just for political reasons (I haven=92t seen any worms on the reefs yet and I have several different species of worms in m= y aquarium on live rock that come out during the day), to keep the EPA from being too demanding for information and alternative actions, so that thei= r beach restoration projects are more easily permitted. Thank you in advance, Patricia Hunt Mother, wife, and student ------=_NextPart_000_0004_01C11CE2.E75CF4A0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

It’s me again…for those of you that remember the = letter to Gov. Bush. I have a few = questions on a different topic, a new “soap-box” issue, if you will. I have already corresponded with some on this list = about my new issue. I know I am = fighting an uphill battle; but it is one that I hope, with some help from other = private citizens, that we can win. = I am hoping someone can explain to me what the difference is between a worm = reef and a coral reef.

I am presently doing research on beach restoration projects, = specifically when such projects pose a threat of possibly burying near shore hard = bottom habitat. Frankly, I am = trying to find alternatives to a specific project. I need to know the difference between a worm reef and a coral = reef so that I may better understand the permit applicant’s viewpoints on = why it is ok or of little concern if the habitat in this proposed project area is = buried under silt. (Previous = smaller projects in the area have already caused some obvious damage to the = habitat.) I am asking why it has been = stated, “It’s only a worm reef,” or “It’s not like it is a coral = reef,” when there is occulina coral everywhere, some other corals that I do not have enough education = in the area to identify, there are many different species of sponges, more = urchins than I would ever want to count (wasn’t there a big deal not long = ago where urchins mysteriously disappeared helping to contribute to an over = abundance of algae?), many species of fish including wrasses, damsels, angels, = parrotfish, nurse sharks, and many others, lobsters (quite a few), hermit crabs, = coral banded shrimp, sea turtles and a lot of other inhabitants that I = don’t care to attempt to list.

I was of the opinion that a reef is a reef is a reef; and a reef = system included any and all inhabitants from microscopic plankton all the way = to the largest of game fish and more. = I am hoping someone from this list can help to set me straight on the = difference and perhaps provide some educated, professional, scientific opinions = (you may remain anonymous J<= /span>) as to why property = owners on the beaches would justify possible reef damage by saying it is only a = worm reef. I honestly do not = understand what the difference is; or why it would matter if there are worms = present, as long as there is coral present, why it is not “classified” a = coral reef.

I would appreciate any response that may provide me with a better understanding of all this. = I am just hoping that these ecosystems weren’t given the name worm reef = just for political reasons (I haven’t seen any worms on the reefs yet and I = have several different species of worms in my aquarium on live rock that come out = during the day), to keep the EPA from being too demanding for information and = alternative actions, so that their beach restoration projects are more easily = permitted.

Thank you in advance,

Patricia Hunt

Mother, wife, and student

------=_NextPart_000_0004_01C11CE2.E75CF4A0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 4 16:04:25 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA20684; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 16:04:25 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA29635; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 16:05:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029631; Sat, 4 Aug 01 16:04:33 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHK7MP00.SHH for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 16:01:37 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHK7VX00.9O9; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 13:07:09 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA19323; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 13:07:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABqa4TL; Sat, 4 Aug 01 13:07:08 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA03052 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 20:04:56 GMT Received: from proxy4.ba.best.com (root@proxy4.ba.best.com [206.184.139.15]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA03065 for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 16:04:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from orf.org (sdn-ar-001waseatP252.dialsprint.net [168.191.238.14]) by proxy4.ba.best.com (8.9.3/8.9.2/best.out) with ESMTP id NAA13316 for ; Sat, 4 Aug 2001 13:02:46 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <3B6C52DC.F8F3AFA4@orf.org> Date: Sat, 04 Aug 2001 12:54:04 -0700 From: Greg Carter X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.73 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Request to add to ORF Links page Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 712 Greetings Coral-Listers, The Oceanic Resource Foundation (ORF) has just completed some website revisions and I am asking your assistance in adding coral reef research and conservation organizations to our Links page. I have added 8 websites but know there are many more valuable coral reef resources. To add your organization, simply access the Links page at www.orf.org/links/pages and click on "Add a Site." For those interested in high quality underwater photography books, we are starting a monthly drawing for the award winning book "In A Sea of Dreams" by Christopher Newbert and Birgitte Wilms. Complete info at www.orf.org/drawing1.html. Best regards, Greg Carter ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 5 06:57:28 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA23738; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:57:27 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA03629; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:58:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003622; Sun, 5 Aug 01 06:57:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHLCX900.LHH for ; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:53:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHLD7L00.FYX; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 03:59:45 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA17058; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 03:59:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPDaiuH; Sun, 5 Aug 01 03:59:44 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA04584 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 10:57:10 GMT Received: from mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (mailsrv2.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.87.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA04582 for ; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:57:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [134.106.175.35] (tupper.biologie.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.175.35]) by mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (8.11.1/8.11.3/20.02.2001) with ESMTP id f75AshY25674; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 12:54:43 +0200 X-Sender: 6396460@mail.uni-oldenburg.de Message-Id: In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Date: Sun, 5 Aug 2001 12:49:56 +0200 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, gigi101@bellsouth.net From: "christine.schoenberg" Subject: difference: coral vs. worm reefs X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id GAA04590 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id KAA04584 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 713 Dear Patricia, I am working on bioeroding sponges, which attack coral and worm reefs. Yo= u will have some idea what a coral reef is, so I guess you are more interested in the worm reefs. I may be able to give you some information = on them or where to find more. The worm reef I have seen is at Bathtub Beach, Hutchinson Island, Stuart, Florida, USA. As I understood it's protected and quite a unique structure of which not many exist in the world. Such worm reefs are massive structures composed of clusters of oval, table-like mounds. They consist = of sediments consolidated by a mucoprotein cement produced by the bristle wo= rm Phragmatopoma. I can send you some photos in JPEG format if you like. Thi= s reef starts right in the intertidal zone extending down to about 6m into the subtidal, but there are also worm reefs in deeper water, I seem to remember that there was a cold water worm reef off Denmark, but I don't recall which worms build them. I could provide you with 2 literature copi= es about the worm reef in Florida (see below). Kirtley, DW 1992. Built to last. Worm reefs. A feat of natural engineerin= g. Florida Oceanogr. Soc. 13(3): 12-19. Pandolfi, JM, Robertson, DR, Kirtley, DW 1998. Roles for worms in reef-building. Coral Reefs 17: 120. There should be another Kirtley paper from 1966. I found maybe 5 more citations in a literature search done with various key words related to worm reefs, but I don't have copies of them yet. For more detailed information you could write to Dan McCarthy at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, who's done his PhD on that particular reef in Florida (McCarthy@hboi.edu). To come back to your original question: what's the difference? A coral reef (i.e. coral) is made of calcium carbonate secreted by corals. A worm reef is all sorts of sediments (carbonates, silicates) of the righ= t grain size stuck together in a matrix produced by bristle worms. I would assume that a worm reef grows with increasing sedimentation, whereas a coral reef can suffer from it. Also, the 'real', large coral reefs are restricted to warm water, worm reefs aren't. Does that help? Regards, Christine Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology Fachbereich 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg 26111 OLDENBURG GERMANY ph +49-441-7983373 fax +49-441-7983162 email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 5 06:57:28 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA23738; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:57:27 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA03629; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:58:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003622; Sun, 5 Aug 01 06:57:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHLCX900.LHH for ; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:53:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHLD7L00.FYX; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 03:59:45 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA17058; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 03:59:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPDaiuH; Sun, 5 Aug 01 03:59:44 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA04584 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 10:57:10 GMT Received: from mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (mailsrv2.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.87.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA04582 for ; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 06:57:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [134.106.175.35] (tupper.biologie.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.175.35]) by mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (8.11.1/8.11.3/20.02.2001) with ESMTP id f75AshY25674; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 12:54:43 +0200 X-Sender: 6396460@mail.uni-oldenburg.de Message-Id: In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Date: Sun, 5 Aug 2001 12:49:56 +0200 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, gigi101@bellsouth.net From: "christine.schoenberg" Subject: difference: coral vs. worm reefs X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id GAA04590 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id KAA04584 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 714 Dear Patricia, I am working on bioeroding sponges, which attack coral and worm reefs. Yo= u will have some idea what a coral reef is, so I guess you are more interested in the worm reefs. I may be able to give you some information = on them or where to find more. The worm reef I have seen is at Bathtub Beach, Hutchinson Island, Stuart, Florida, USA. As I understood it's protected and quite a unique structure of which not many exist in the world. Such worm reefs are massive structures composed of clusters of oval, table-like mounds. They consist = of sediments consolidated by a mucoprotein cement produced by the bristle wo= rm Phragmatopoma. I can send you some photos in JPEG format if you like. Thi= s reef starts right in the intertidal zone extending down to about 6m into the subtidal, but there are also worm reefs in deeper water, I seem to remember that there was a cold water worm reef off Denmark, but I don't recall which worms build them. I could provide you with 2 literature copi= es about the worm reef in Florida (see below). Kirtley, DW 1992. Built to last. Worm reefs. A feat of natural engineerin= g. Florida Oceanogr. Soc. 13(3): 12-19. Pandolfi, JM, Robertson, DR, Kirtley, DW 1998. Roles for worms in reef-building. Coral Reefs 17: 120. There should be another Kirtley paper from 1966. I found maybe 5 more citations in a literature search done with various key words related to worm reefs, but I don't have copies of them yet. For more detailed information you could write to Dan McCarthy at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, who's done his PhD on that particular reef in Florida (McCarthy@hboi.edu). To come back to your original question: what's the difference? A coral reef (i.e. coral) is made of calcium carbonate secreted by corals. A worm reef is all sorts of sediments (carbonates, silicates) of the righ= t grain size stuck together in a matrix produced by bristle worms. I would assume that a worm reef grows with increasing sedimentation, whereas a coral reef can suffer from it. Also, the 'real', large coral reefs are restricted to warm water, worm reefs aren't. Does that help? Regards, Christine Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology Fachbereich 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg 26111 OLDENBURG GERMANY ph +49-441-7983373 fax +49-441-7983162 email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 7 06:33:37 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA18753; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 06:33:36 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA04480; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 06:34:12 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004476; Tue, 7 Aug 01 06:33:20 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHP16O00.EK6 for ; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 06:30:24 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHP1H000.AWA; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 03:36:36 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA28228; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 03:36:36 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAE9aai3; Tue, 7 Aug 01 03:36:36 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA08751 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 10:32:33 GMT Message-Id: <200108071032.KAA08751@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 6 Aug 2001 20:28:26 +1100 From: Yuri Latypov To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: scleractinians, Vietnam Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 715 Dear coral-listers, I have finished a series of the publications about composition and structure of scleractinian communities of Vietnam and accompanying by them of mass species of macrobenthos. 1. Yu. Ya. Latypov. Benthic communities of the coral reefs of the Kondao Islands in the South China Sea. Biologiya Morya. 1993. 19(5), p. 40-53. 2. Yu. Ya. Latypov. Benthic communities of coral reefs of Tho Chu Island (Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea). Biologiya Morya. 1999. 25(3) p. 201-208. 3. Yu. Ya. Latypov. Communities of macrobenthos on the reefs of the An Thoi Archipelago, the South China Sea. Biologiya Morya. 2000. 26(1), p. 22-30. 4. Yu. Ya. Latypov. Coral communities in the northern part of the Gulf of Tonkin, South China Sea. Biologiya Morya. 2000. 26(4), p. 240-247. 5. Yu. Ya. Latypov. Coral communities of reefs of central Vietnam. Biologiya Morya. 2001. 27(4), p. 238-241. In given articles species composition, population densities and biomasses of common species of algae, coelenterates, mollusks, echinoderms and some representatives of soft bottom infauna are considered . We also registered the projective coverage of the substrates by macrophytes and corals. English variant of articles is possible to find in "Russian Journal of Marine Biology". Dr. Yu.Ya. Latypov Chief Laboratory of Benthos Ecology Institute of Marine Biology Vladivostok 690041 Russia e-mail: ltpv@stl.ru ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 5 11:39:10 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA25236; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 11:39:09 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA05658; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 11:39:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005636; Sun, 5 Aug 01 11:39:17 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHLQ0K00.FIM for ; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 11:36:20 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHLQAX00.UXP; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 08:42:33 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA25269; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 08:42:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApcaiwX; Sun, 5 Aug 01 08:42:32 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA05098 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 15:35:11 GMT Received: from mail.dialisdn.net (mail.dialisdn.net [208.236.0.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA05091 for ; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 11:34:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from jmcmanus (ppp-hwd1-26.dialisdn.com [209.118.214.90]) by mail.dialisdn.net with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2650.21) id PH9X961G; Sun, 5 Aug 2001 11:31:44 -0400 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" , "Info" Subject: Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments Date: Sun, 5 Aug 2001 11:34:04 -0400 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0002_01C11DA2.87EF5100" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 716 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0002_01C11DA2.87EF5100 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi Folks! Here is an announcement from Roger Reinhold for a conference many of you will be interested in. Of course, you don't have to be a practitioner to appreciate the need for remote sensing, and to want to learn what can be done with it. All interested people are welcome! "The Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments will be held 20-22 May 2002 at the Hyatt Regency Miami in Miami, Florida, USA. The three-day international conference will focus on the application of remote sensing and advanced geospatial information technologies to address real-world problems and improve decision-making in marine, inland water, and coastal environments. The conference also explores technology implementation strategies, while helping to shape future research directions. The technical program of plenary sessions, interactive poster presentations, and exhibits is designed to benefit all users of remote sensing with an interest in our aquatic and coastal resources. The applications-oriented program addresses all aspects of remote sensing, from fundamental processes and techniques to advanced data processing and information fusion, exploitation, and application. Technical sessions will address such topics as Sensors, Processing, and Data Sources; Ocean Processes; Biological and Geological Resources; Aquatic and Coastal Environments; Ecosystem Monitoring; and Climate and Meteorology. This diversity of topics provides a unique and rewarding opportunity for dialogue among ocean scientists and engineers; marine, freshwater, and coastal planners; natural resource managers; industry leaders; remote sensing specialists; local, state, and federal agencies; non-governmental organizations; educators and students. For more information, contact: Veridian International Conferences, P.O. Box 134008, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-4008 Phone: 1-734-994-1200 x3234; Fax: 1-734-994-5123; e-mail: nancy.wallman@veridian.com www.erim-int.com/CONF/marine/MARINE.html" John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org ------=_NextPart_000_0002_01C11DA2.87EF5100 Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat" eJ8+IgQPAQaQCAAEAAAAAAABAAEAAQeQBgAIAAAA5AQAAAAAAADoAAEIgAcAGAAAAElQTS5NaWNy b3NvZnQgTWFpbC5Ob3RlADEIAQ2ABAACAAAAAgACAAEGgAMADgAAANEHCAAFAAsAIQAAAAAAEQEB A5AGACQLAAAiAAAACwACAAEAAAALACMAAAAAAAMAJgAAAAAACwApAAAAAAADADYAAAAAAB4AcAAB AAAAVwAAAFNldmVudGggSW50ZXJuYXRpb25hbCBDb25mZXJlbmNlIG9uIFJlbW90ZSBTZW5zaW5n IGZvciBNYXJpbmUgYW5kIENvYXN0YWwgRW52aXJvbm1lbnRzAAACAXEAAQAAABYAAAABwR3D7fiF WY91iZER1Z08AAA5l3cZAAACAR0MAQAAAB4AAABTTVRQOkpNQ01BTlVTQFJTTUFTLk1JQU1JLkVE VQAAAAsAAQ4AAAAAQAAGDgDehejDHcEBAgEKDgEAAAAYAAAAAAAAABKZLW/jiNQRnTsAADmXdxnC gAAACwAfDgEAAAACAQkQAQAAAAAHAAD8BgAA+woAAExaRnXuyh6vAwAKAHJjcGcxMjUWMgD4C2Bu DhAwMzNPAfcCpARkAgBjaArAc/BldDAgCFUHsgKDAFCvA9QQ2QcTAoB9CoF2CJCkd2sLgGQ0DGBj AFAPCwMLtgqxCoBIaSBGcQbwa3MhFgQWBQSQZVogBAAgA5EAcG4IYG5sY2UHgAIwIANSB/FnqRHR UmULgGgG8GQZIMkFsWEgBaBuZhfBGLECIAOBeSBvZiB51QhgIAPwbAMgYhfhAjAdF8FzHOAaUAuA LiBPrxvgBaAIcBEwLBvzZAIglicFQBEAdhfgdG8cgskasHByANB0aSAQAiDzEdEfUWFwH9AFkAcw HOD9H0BoF+AgYB1BGnIJcARg/yFRETAAgQ8gHkAAcBpQH1HOdwBwBUAfUWxlCsADoPZ3EQAFQGMD kRyRHqEX4NcD8CGAF/B0HZBBHGEcyThwZW8LUB+RF9F3Zc5sBaAHgBbrIlQhkQZg1x8gAjAl4Ekc 0m4hQCBB/wdAEXEa9wIgGdEicwZgIuN9GmNNCsALgB+RI2EIUGFnHSAHQBYERW4UYANgbj8Y4gQg HEYhkBpBAdAtMu4yLNEbsAHQMDBAJMEhgvxIeSFABUAZ4BmgGLAbsLpNBzBtFnALgDI0LBYEIkYJ AWlkYR5AVVO6QR2QICkyIYAJ0S0z4D8bsBzDKkca2RxDAhBjdd8EICuBIYEWBCDRbA3gKlPHG8Ii XCNDYWR2AHAYwPMaUBmgb3MKsCAQKqELgH8acQDAONMc4BDwGIAJAGfPCJAS8BYTIKJkZB0BBCBz CXAHQC13BbAaQR/Qb+8CYBjQGBIdUW0/AR8hBYH7BAAgQS0AwBShLIAyoQDA/y0CHkALgA8BCzEW IiPAHOH3IzQFoC2zIAnwLog0VRrZ5QdAcx9gZXgLUAWwB5H9PId5FgQ/0T9BGPE4xB0gfx/gHOA9 Ah5AJKADEC+TcDssYh9RcxEAJzAZIHV0/whwF+AdASRREPAekC6QBZD/IDJEoBb6NIM8kjihAyA/ Ad8JwDJgG8InYSpAchuwETC/BBBMMkHiHOEf8h8hcDsw/xzhH8FLUUglSTFCN0YgSXC+YiAgBCAY AQEAAJBnIGD3I3MckCBgZiAgRcEDIDdw/wSQN4E5PyWzA5EcxhyxFgTTCGEYIHF1KlFjQysdAZ8I YRjARKEpMjhpcy0zsf8Y8ScCTjU91T0mVKItsCcw/yAAVS8jEhkzStAUwDJgSBJ/TgNZ0U9RI0RN k1hARoJv/zgFOpYz4AGQYCY6BjvKStD/QJIeQEYjICAqUyM0OGlMfO9Nl09WHDQ91nMVACXgH1B9 SfBjGBEGQgCABbBJMVBbYzcjNERi4RYEU1mkO98doBjAA5FrdW1iQiBAPOL7TeIjUkcnQG7mGeBZ lW2AbkFYSBYELZUgLmptgEXZBaBzeR0hGWBNAiAgIH8zsQ8gbYAtUziQPBEtNE3/EUAnQANgRxJa AgQAFgRL0P8fIBEgICAbs2pFP/Iz0GCi/1TQYVMjQwlwI8ALICxiJ1D/ULAAIHkxd7EackvQB0AZ kP8KUDgFBGB6Um2zBPBbUgQA/y8BI1IJ8D0AIcERIG2AQYb7A1AHkGhCz04BDwEgYW1w3xYEKkEI cFlJG3JhGaFtcf8UsTdwSLAbsCRBBIFtcTld/12CBzF9gm2ACQBN4TMlLcH/HOAjNBsABIFvMjHi PRFtgHsYgEDAZ0ARBKBfxQWwZ/kAcGl6UZRtgAmAFQAhQPdrIVIIHSB1AQBEghb6FpD/BcAEYBfS O9geQBrRAZAgAPo6FgRWBnF7gQOgKf8bBQlrQi5PHZBCb3ggqDEzNDCwOB5AQRhwBxOhBuBDAU1J IDQ42jGSYC2SghYEUBogIGASOpJQLTeScC05OYeVcA4gMLAgeDMyknBRbYBGYXiVGjUOIDO/irFA 0QMQjyWQcDIBLiPA2xxgA4FAd2GPwy4oEUJlZZqwLgZxbS0cwZoSLyBDT05GL0GEL00AQVJJTkUu aHT4bWwiFvoVNRUjnY0RYNxKbzywNGAW+l+g/6IPL6Mfo3MW+p/TVx2QTWNNLOBuN3BrUWhEFgRE e0vjk1JOkIdbYgXAGnJD/SzxYhyQA5EIUIHyGeABEBNwQkt0KE6bwFJFKX8WBAgAIsIgECfwBgAQ 8G/3BvAbwizpQZ0AOzEhkAUQn1iQrCBbUVnRqpBSU5yAelOrBVUDAHdpMtSTsDbVlfFSDeBrCfBi ANCxYL+oolThI8BHRbB1M5UgD2AYMTQ5HZAWBGptY/sDgTdwQBEgAMBEoDJwMmEvmuCDgKAlZ/Bs HZAoM+gwNSmzwDaVMJPBFOD/M0SWoLbasPGaWBiwRmG1lF+J4Rb1nmpCVRQhALygCwAAgAggBgAA AAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAA4UAAAAAAAADAAKACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAAQhQAAAAAAAAMA B4AIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAFKFAAD5bwEAHgAJgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAVIUA AAEAAAAEAAAAOS4wAAsADYAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAIKFAAABAAAACwARgAggBgAAAAAA wAAAAAAAAEYAAAAABoUAAAAAAAADABKACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAABhQAAAAAAAAsAG4AI IAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAA6FAAAAAAAAAwAcgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAEYUAAAAA AAADAB6ACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAAYhQAAAAAAAAIB+A8BAAAAEAAAABKZLW/jiNQRnTsA ADmXdxkCAfoPAQAAABAAAAASmS1v44jUEZ07AAA5l3cZAgH7DwEAAACCAAAAAAAAADihuxAF5RAa obsIACsqVsIAAFBTVFBSWC5ETEwAAAAAAAAAAE5JVEH5v7gBAKoAN9luAAAAQzpcV0lORE9XU1xM b2NhbCBTZXR0aW5nc1xBcHBsaWNhdGlvbiBEYXRhXE1pY3Jvc29mdFxPdXRsb29rXG1haWxib3gu cHN0AAAAAwD+DwUAAAADAA00/TcAAAIBfwABAAAAOAAAADxORUJCSk5ETEJDSkpCRVBJSkVKQkNF S1BDTkFBLmptY21hbnVzQHJzbWFzLm1pYW1pLmVkdT4AAwAGEKAZ3kwDAAcQtgcAAAMAEBAAAAAA AwAREAAAAAAeAAgQAQAAAGUAAABISUZPTEtTSEVSRUlTQU5BTk5PVU5DRU1FTlRGUk9NUk9HRVJS RUlOSE9MREZPUkFDT05GRVJFTkNFTUFOWU9GWU9VV0lMTEJFSU5URVJFU1RFRElOT0ZDT1VSU0Us WU9VRE9OAAAAAJ8o ------=_NextPart_000_0002_01C11DA2.87EF5100-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 6 09:20:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA04575; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 09:20:55 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA15814; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 09:21:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015801; Mon, 6 Aug 01 09:20:51 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNE9T00.UI4 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 09:17:53 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNEK700.RER; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 06:24:07 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA25249; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 06:24:07 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAW_aytX; Mon, 6 Aug 01 06:24:06 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA06764 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:19:37 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f180.law14.hotmail.com [64.4.21.180]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA06717 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 09:19:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 06:18:57 -0700 Received: from 141.163.1.26 by lw14fd.law14.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Mon, 06 Aug 2001 13:18:57 GMT X-Originating-IP: [141.163.1.26] From: "julia webb" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: richard dodge Date: Mon, 06 Aug 2001 14:18:57 +0100 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 06 Aug 2001 13:18:57.0230 (UTC) FILETIME=[59124EE0:01C11E7A] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 717 this is a message to richard dodge, you recently sent me some information regarding growth rates of brazilian favia corals, my name is julia webb and i am a student of fransisco kelmo who i believe you know well. He has asked me to get back in touch with you to see if you had possibly any further information you could give me on measuring growth rates for these corals as it is for my msc project, unfortunately i deleted your original message and do not have your email address, if you could get back to me that would be great. kind regards julia webb _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 6 12:24:05 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA08354; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:24:04 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA21235; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:24:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021218; Mon, 6 Aug 01 12:24:35 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNMS200.SJ8 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:21:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNN3Y00.36S; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:28:46 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA05523; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:28:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA6Wa4Xk; Mon, 6 Aug 01 12:28:45 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA07265 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:16:48 GMT Received: from relay2.bu.edu (relay2.bu.edu [128.197.27.102]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA07253 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:16:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from dhcp1 (EMRE.BU.EDU [128.197.80.229]) by relay2.bu.edu ((8.9.3.buoit.v1.0.ACS)/) with ESMTP id MAA28530 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:16:11 -0400 Message-ID: <001a01c11e93$ac98b7c0$e550c580@bu.edu> From: "Jamie D. Bechtel" To: "Coral List" References: <20010803011158.62179.qmail@web11107.mail.yahoo.com> Subject: contact information Date: Mon, 6 Aug 2001 12:20:14 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 718 does anyone have contact information for Harilaos Lessios? many thanks. Jamie D. Bechtel, J.D. Boston University Department of Biology 5 Cummington Street Boston, MA 02215 (617) 353-6969 warrior@bu.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 6 13:25:47 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA09680; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:25:46 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA22906; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:26:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022886; Mon, 6 Aug 01 13:26:04 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNPMI00.9JE for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:23:06 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNPY300.N1F; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:30:03 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA15368; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:30:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAvFayaE; Mon, 6 Aug 01 13:30:02 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA07323 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 17:24:47 GMT Received: from pete.uri.edu (PETE.URI.EDU [131.128.1.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA07355 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:24:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from afaj1196 ([131.128.187.110]) by pete.uri.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id NAA21303 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:24:40 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <00fe01c11e9d$74936500$6ebb8083@uri.edu> From: "Aura M. Fajardo" To: Subject: DNA extraction from Corals Date: Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:30:14 -0400 Organization: University of Rhode Island MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00FB_01C11E7B.ED031F20" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 719 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_00FB_01C11E7B.ED031F20 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear Coral-listers: I have been trying unsuccessfully to obtain non-degraded DNA from corals = (both live and frozen samples). Although the different techniques I have = tried work wonders for the extraction of Symbiodinium DNA, I have had no = luck with the host.=20 Can anyone suggest a good technique to extract coral DNA from the colony = that will not degrade it? Thank you much, Aura Fajardo ___________________________ Aura M. Fajardo Department of Biological Sciences University of Rhode Island 100 Flagg Rd.=20 Kingston, RI 02882 mailto afaj1196@postoffice.uri.edu ------=_NextPart_000_00FB_01C11E7B.ED031F20 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear = Coral-listers:

I have been trying = unsuccessfully to=20 obtain non-degraded DNA from corals (both live and frozen samples). = Although the=20 different techniques I have tried work wonders for the extraction=20 of Symbiodinium DNA, I have had no luck with the host.=20

Can anyone suggest a good = technique to=20 extract coral DNA from the colony that will not degrade it?

Thank you much,

Aura Fajardo

___________________________
Aura M.=20 Fajardo
Department of Biological Sciences
University of Rhode=20 Island
100 Flagg Rd.
Kingston, RI 02882
mailto afaj1196@postoffice.uri.edu
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From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 6 16:48:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA13133; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:48:07 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA26979; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:48:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026969; Mon, 6 Aug 01 16:47:58 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNYZ100.FLC for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:45:01 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHNZ9F00.BO3; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:51:15 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA00354; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 13:51:14 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwQa4Qa; Mon, 6 Aug 01 13:51:14 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA07575 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 20:47:07 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA07672 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:47:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA26910; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:43:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026894; Mon, 6 Aug 01 16:42:47 -0400 Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA13086; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:42:06 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA26890; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:42:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(164.51.130.8) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026885; Mon, 6 Aug 01 16:41:56 -0400 Received: by fmrimail.fwc.state.fl.us with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id <3XJZF63Y>; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:42:09 -0400 Message-ID: From: "Jaap, Walt" To: "'coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov'" Subject: Coral Reef Monitoring Report Date: Mon, 6 Aug 2001 16:42:05 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 720 The Executive summary of the 1996-2000 coral reef monitoring project for the EPA/NOAA Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Water Quality Protection Plan is now on line at http://www.floridamarine.org/features/view_article.asp?id=12067. These data were presented at the recent FKNMS steering committee meeting in Marathon, Florida. Walter C. Jaap Coral Reef Studies Group Florida Marine Research Institute walt.jaap@fwc.state.fl.us 727-896-8626, extension 1122 Suncom: 523-1122 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 6 21:03:06 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA15621; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 21:03:05 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA00787; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 21:03:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000773; Mon, 6 Aug 01 21:03:01 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHOAS300.CI6 for ; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 21:00:04 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHOB2H00.URW; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 18:06:17 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA22835; Mon, 6 Aug 2001 18:06:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAlSayLS; Mon, 6 Aug 01 18:06:16 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA08102 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 00:59:25 GMT Message-Id: <200108070059.AAA08102@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 4 Aug 2001 12:42:56 -0700 (PDT) From: mel keys To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Scrubbing Silt Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 721 Hi, folks, I tried with a scrub brush to clean silt off some dead heads in Cane Bay, here on St. Croix, in hopes some critters could settle. The soft silt was about one to two centimeters deep, everywhere from 5 meters deep to the shore. Within one day, in calm clear conditions, the silt was back. Owell. Cheers, Melissa Keyes St. Croix, USVI __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 7 16:52:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA00868; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:52:20 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA01870; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:52:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001845; Tue, 7 Aug 01 16:52:11 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHPTU300.DPH for ; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:49:15 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHPU7Y00.36Y; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:57:34 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA26639; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:57:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alcatraz.nodc.noaa.gov(140.90.235.254) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAl_aWa0; Tue, 7 Aug 01 16:57:33 -0400 Received: from client by server id QAA35609918; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:55:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from client by client id QAA59164; Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:56:15 -0400 (EDT) From: Joseph Shirley MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Message-ID: <15216.21998.517686.526386@gargle.gargle.HOWL> Date: Tue, 7 Aug 2001 16:56:14 -0400 (EDT) To: "Doug Hamilton" , "Anderson Dave" , "Anderson Dotty" , "Beattie Janice" , "Dwivedi Parmesh" , "Eakin Mark" , "Griffis Roger" , "Hourigan Tom" , "Hendee Jim" , "La Pointe Tom" , "Picciolo Tony" , "Strong Al" , "Turgeon Donna" , "Anderson DL" , "Klein Fred" , "Shirley Joseph" , "Bruckner Andy" , "Reed Michelle" , "Krauk Jamie" , "Stein David" , "Rohmann Steve" , "Guch Ingrid" , "Meyer Jill" , "Liu Gang" , "Bickers Keith" , "Shelby Mike" , "Cumberpatch Mary Lou" , "Reedy Chris" , "Pikula Linda" , "Brainard Rusty" , "Tagami Darryl" , "Parke Michael" , "McCaffrey Mark" , "Grose Peter" , "Moravchik Bruce" , "Becker Lil" , "Fiolek Anna" , "Collins Don" , "Etro Jim" , "Marner Dan" , "Phillips Sheri" , "Ogata Jefferson" , "Ford Mike" , "Wong Steven" , "Harper Doug" Subject: CoRIS meeting 8 August 2001 In-Reply-To: <3B55AD17.2CFD2CD7@noaa.gov> References: <3B55AD17.2CFD2CD7@noaa.gov> X-Mailer: VM 6.72 under 21.1 (patch 3) "Acadia" XEmacs Lucid Reply-To: jshirley@nodc.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 722 Parmesh has asked me to remind the group that there will be a CoRIS meeting on 8 August 2001 in SSMC3 room 4817, with the usual telephone and video connections. A representative from ESRI will give a presentation on ArcIMS. Other metadata, technical issues, etc. will be discussed. [I sent this message to the listserver earlier, but it does not seem to have been distributed. I am it sending again, to the list of individual email addresses.] Joe From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 8 08:12:38 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA07496; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:12:37 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA10555; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:13:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010545; Wed, 8 Aug 01 08:12:28 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHR0FV00.QNV for ; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:09:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHR0Q800.DS1; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 05:15:44 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA11913; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 05:15:44 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAzZa4px; Wed, 8 Aug 01 05:15:43 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02899 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 12:04:40 GMT Message-Id: <200108081204.MAA02899@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 7 Aug 2001 15:48:08 -0400 From: "Bernardo Vargas-Angel" To: Subject: Coral Spawning Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 723 Subject: Coral spawning event Date: 6 August 2001 Location: Acropora cervicornis thickets off Ft. Lauderdale, FL, depth 3.3 meters Sea conditions: Winds E - NE 10-12 knots, seas with moderate chop, 2-4 ft.; southerly current, 0.75 kts, estimated. Thick layer of brackish inshore water delivered by inlets due to recent heavy rain events. Report: Colonies of Acropora cervicornis released egg-sperm bundles around 22:15h-22:30h. Bernardo Vargas-Angel ======================== Bernardo Vargas-Angel Research Scientist National Coral Reef Institute NSU Oceanographic Center 8000 N. Ocean Drive Dania Beach, FL 33004 Phone: (954) 262-3677 Fax: (954) 262-4027 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 8 08:12:38 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA07500; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:12:37 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA10561; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:13:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010547; Wed, 8 Aug 01 08:12:30 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHR0FX00.BPI for ; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:09:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHR0QB00.RWZ; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 05:15:47 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA11921; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 05:15:46 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAACyaWqx; Wed, 8 Aug 01 05:15:46 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02897 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 12:06:40 GMT Message-Id: <200108081206.MAA02897@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2001 19:34:56 -0300 From: Ivan Mateo To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Dave Olsen Contact Information Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 724 Dear members of the coral listserver =20 does anyone have contact information for David A. Olsen, a biologist = who worked in the 70's and 80's=20 many thanks. Ivan Mateo DFW_STX --Boundary_(ID_FfG+KejIYGCf2nnk4RDc+g) Content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable

Dear members of the coral=20 listserver

does anyone have contact information = for=20 David A. Olsen, a biologist who worked in the 70's and 80's =

many=20 thanks.
Ivan Mateo

DFW_STX
--Boundary_(ID_FfG+KejIYGCf2nnk4RDc+g)-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 8 08:12:39 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA07498; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:12:37 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA10560; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:13:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010546; Wed, 8 Aug 01 08:12:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHR0FW00.5O8 for ; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 08:09:32 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHR0Q900.KSX; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 05:15:45 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA11917; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 05:15:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAeaaaqx; Wed, 8 Aug 01 05:15:44 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02911 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 8 Aug 2001 12:08:39 GMT Message-Id: <200108081208.MAA02911@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2001 20:37:51 -0400 From: "Roger B Griffis" To: Coral Reefs Egroup , Coral list , CMPAN@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 725 Subject: Call for proposals: Coral reef conservation Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov FYI. Please distribute to interested parties. FUNDING AVAILABLE FOR CORAL REEF CONSERVATION PROJECTS [See http://www.nfwf.org/ for full announcement and application materials] The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation is accepting proposals for projects that reduce and prevent degradation of coral reefs and associated reef habitats (e.g. seagrass beds, mangroves, etc.). Projects may address causes of coral reef degradation wherever they occur, from inland areas to coastal watersheds to the reefs and surrounding marine environment. Proposals should provide solutions to specific problems to help prevent coral reef degradation through one or more of the following activities: Conservation and management; Restoration; Outreach, education, training; Applied research. Proposals are due September 4, 2001. Background Coral reefs and their associated habitats are among the most biologically diverse and complex ecosystems in the world. This incredible diversity supports economies through activities such as tourism, fishing, and pharmaceutical production. Despite their importance, coral reefs are rapidly being degraded and destroyed by a variety of human impacts such as pollution, overfishing, and physical disturbance to the reefs. Priority projects will include those that: 1.Provide solutions to specific problems to reduce and prevent degradation of coral reefs; 2.Are community-based, involve multiple stakeholders, and/or demonstrate innovative partnerships; 3.Are coordinated and consistent with on-going coral reef conservation initiatives such as International Coral Reef Initiative?s Framework for Action and Renewed Call to Action, the U.S. National Action Plan (U.S. Coral Reef Task Force), State and Territorial coral reef management programs, and U.S. All Islands Coral Reef Initiative, as appropriate; 4.Address an unmet need that will provide direct benefits to coral reefs; 5.Target a specific audience and address specific threats with a hands-on approach. Awards and Matching Funds Most grants will be between $10,000 and $50,000. The average grant will be approximately $25,000. Proposals should describe projects or progress that can be achieved in a 12-month time period but may be part of a long-term effort. All projects should include matching funding from project partners at a minimum ratio of 1:1 - although leverage ratios of 2:1 are preferred. As most of the grant dollars available for coral conservation will be federal (U.S. Department of Commerce?s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), matching contributions must be from non-federal sources. Eligible Applicants Applications will be accepted from U.S.or international non-profit organizations, academic institutions, and U.S. government agencies (local, state, territorial or federal). To Apply Please submit an application using the form downloadable at http://www.nfwf.org/. If you have any questions about the program, please contact Annika Vieira (vieira@nfwf.org or 202-857-0166). For full announcement and application materials see http://www.nfwf.org/. --------------7576628056EF7C0620009F39 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf" begin:vcard n:Griffis;Roger tel;pager:888-995-4334 tel;fax:301-713-4012 tel;work:301-713-3155x104 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce version:2.1 email;internet:roger.b.griffis@noaa.gov title:Policy Advisor adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA/NOS/OCRM=0D=0A1305 East West Highway;Silver Spring;MD;20910;USA fn:Roger Griffis end:vcard --------------7576628056EF7C0620009F39-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 9 11:16:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA27803; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:16:34 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07250; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:17:12 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007244; Thu, 9 Aug 01 11:16:46 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHT3N100.SR8 for ; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:13:49 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHT3XG00.LFV; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 08:20:04 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA12161; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 08:20:03 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAnIayVx; Thu, 9 Aug 01 08:20:02 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA05857 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 15:01:45 GMT Received: from mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net (mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net [204.127.131.48]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA05866 for ; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:01:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alinal.uncwil.edu ([12.77.180.180]) by mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20010809150054.FVKO8490.mtiwmhc23.worldnet.att.net@alinal.uncwil.edu>; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 15:00:54 +0000 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.0.20010809105411.00a68430@pop.uncwil.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Thu, 09 Aug 2001 10:59:55 -0400 To: Bernardo Vargas-Angel , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: Coral Spawning In-Reply-To: <200108081204.MAA02899@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 726 Hi Bernardo: We were out nites of 5, 6 ,7 and 8 on A palmata patches on Horseshoe reef, Key Largo . We saw no activity on first 2 nites, 4-5 colonies had small patches of bundle formation on the 7th of Aug (minor spawning, some bundles in water), and ca. 50 % of colonies spawning on Aug 8th. Spawning was ca. 10:30 to 11:00 (bundle formation from ca. 9:45 to 10:30 pm). It was very surgy and difficult to collect spawn. What % of your colonies did you see spawn? Best, Alina At 03:48 PM 8/7/2001 -0400, you wrote: >Subject: Coral spawning event > >Date: 6 August 2001 > >Location: Acropora cervicornis thickets off Ft. Lauderdale, FL, >depth 3.3 >meters > >Sea conditions: Winds E - NE 10-12 knots, seas with moderate >chop, 2-4 ft.; >southerly current, 0.75 kts, estimated. Thick layer of brackish >inshore >water delivered by inlets due to recent heavy rain events. > >Report: Colonies of Acropora cervicornis released egg-sperm >bundles around >22:15h-22:30h. > > >Bernardo Vargas-Angel > > >======================== >Bernardo Vargas-Angel >Research Scientist >National Coral Reef Institute >NSU Oceanographic Center >8000 N. Ocean Drive >Dania Beach, FL 33004 >Phone: (954) 262-3677 >Fax: (954) 262-4027 >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina at Wilmington One Marvin K. Moss Lane Wilmington NC 28409 TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410 email: szmanta@uncwil.edu Presently in Key Largo: (305)453-4595 ***************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 9 11:32:44 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA28136; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:32:42 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07661; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:33:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007638; Thu, 9 Aug 01 11:32:43 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHT4DL00.PSF for ; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:29:45 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHT4O000.IRF; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 08:36:00 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA14355; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 08:35:59 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAS4aabC; Thu, 9 Aug 01 08:35:58 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA05986 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 15:31:52 GMT Received: from imo-r09.mx.aol.com (imo-r09.mx.aol.com [152.163.225.105]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA06034 for ; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:31:40 -0400 (EDT) From: CSCMJM@aol.com Received: from CSCMJM@aol.com by imo-r09.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31.9.) id b.111.39ebad6 (4200) for ; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:31:32 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <111.39ebad6.28a406d3@aol.com> Date: Thu, 9 Aug 2001 11:31:31 EDT Subject: Re: coral reef information To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="part1_111.39ebad6.28a406d3_boundary" X-Mailer: AOL 6.0 for Windows US sub 10532 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 727 --part1_111.39ebad6.28a406d3_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Coral listers - I received this message from a friend in Colombia...she works at a marine lab in Santa Marta. Please send any information that might help her directly to malifo@altavista.com Thanks, Mike Marshall In a message dated 8/8/01 8:00:43 PM Eastern Daylight Time, malifo@altavista.com writes: > From: malifo@altavista.com (Martha Fontalvo) > To: cscmjm@aol.com > > > > > Hi Michaell, > > Have a nice day. I write to you because I need your help. I am looking for > information and methodologies about vulnerability assessment and threats of > coral reefs. I wonder if you have some reference about the topic or some > articles you can send me by e-mail. I need this information as soon as > possible because I need to prepared a proposal in the subject for next week. > > Can you help me? > > Best wishes > > Michael J. Marshall, Ph.D. Marine Ecologist/Consortium Manager Coastal Seas Consortium, Inc. P.O. Box 20818 Braden River, Florida 34204-0818 USA 941-750-9004 (Phone and Fax) 941-720-3171 (Cell Phone) E-mail: cscmjm@aol.com or office@coastalseas.com Web site: www.coastalseas.com --part1_111.39ebad6.28a406d3_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Coral listers - I received this message from a friend in Colombia...she works
at a marine lab in Santa Marta. Please send any information that might help
her directly to malifo@altavista.com

Thanks,

Mike Marshall

In a message dated 8/8/01 8:00:43 PM Eastern Daylight Time,
malifo@altavista.com writes:

From:    malifo@altavista.com (Martha Fontalvo)
To:    cscmjm@aol.com

Hi Michaell,

Have a nice day. I write to you because I need your help. I am looking for
information and methodologies about vulnerability assessment and threats of
coral reefs. I wonder if you have some reference about the topic or some
articles you can send me by e-mail. I need this information as soon as
possible because I need to prepared a proposal in the subject for next week.

Can you help me?

Best wishes

Martha Liliana

Michael J. Marshall, Ph.D.
Marine Ecologist/Consortium Manager
Coastal Seas Consortium, Inc.
P.O. Box 20818
Braden River, Florida 34204-0818 USA

941-750-9004 (Phone and Fax)
941-720-3171 (Cell Phone)

E-mail: cscmjm@aol.com or office@coastalseas.com
Web site: www.coastalseas.com

--part1_111.39ebad6.28a406d3_boundary-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 10 00:48:20 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id AAA08727; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 00:48:19 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA21104; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 00:48:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021097; Fri, 10 Aug 01 00:48:55 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHU58K00.ET8 for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 00:45:56 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHU5IZ00.P9X; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 21:52:11 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA28757; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 21:52:11 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAD5aGk4; Thu, 9 Aug 01 21:52:10 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA07349 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 04:46:41 GMT Received: from uog9.uog.edu ([192.149.202.9]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA07318 for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 00:46:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from richmond102b by uog9.uog.edu (8.8.8/1.1.22.3/25Apr00-0255PM) id PAA0000001736; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 15:00:34 +1000 (GMT+1000) Message-ID: <004301c12154$edfaf160$83177ba8@univguam.edu.gu> From: "Bob Richmond" To: Subject: 2 postdoc openings Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2001 14:28:38 +1000 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0040_01C121A8.BF29E220" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 728 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0040_01C121A8.BF29E220 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I have two openings for Postdoctoral Research Associates in my lab: 1 for an individual with a molecular biology and/or toxicology = background to work with me on coral genetics, biomarkers of = environmental stress, metamorphic induction in coral planulae and coral = reef ecotoxicology and the other on a project studying the effects of = watershed discharges on coastal coral reef ecosystems (skills needed = include deploying and hopefully recovering salinometers, nephelometers, = current meters, assisting with data analysis and modeling, and general = field work). Both positions will be based at the University of Guam = Marine Lab, but a portion of the research will be conducted in Palau and = other sites in Micronesia. Both positions can be extended for 2-3 = years. If interested, please contact me. Best wishes, Bob Richmond Robert H. Richmond, Ph.D. Professor of Marine Biology Marine Laboratory Phone:671-735-2188 University of Guam Fax: 671-734-6767 UOG Station e-mail: richmond@uog9.uog.edu Mangilao, Guam 96923 ------=_NextPart_000_0040_01C121A8.BF29E220 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
I have two openings for Postdoctoral = Research=20 Associates in my lab:

1 for an individual with a molecular = biology=20 and/or toxicology background to work with me on coral genetics, = biomarkers of=20 environmental stress, metamorphic induction in coral planulae and = coral=20 reef ecotoxicology and the other on a project studying the effects of = watershed=20 discharges on coastal coral reef ecosystems (skills needed include = deploying and=20 hopefully recovering salinometers, nephelometers, current meters, = assisting with=20 data analysis and modeling, and general field work). Both positions will = be=20 based at the University of Guam Marine Lab, but a portion of the = research will=20 be conducted in Palau and other sites in Micronesia. Both = positions can be=20 extended for 2-3 years. If interested, please contact = me.

Best wishes,

Bob Richmond

Robert H. Richmond, = Ph.D.   =20 Professor of Marine Biology
Marine=20 Laboratory          &nb= sp;       =20 Phone:671-735-2188
University of=20 Guam           &nb= sp;    =20 Fax: 671-734-6767
UOG=20 Station           =             &= nbsp;  =20 e-mail: richmond@uog9.uog.edu
Mangil= ao, Guam=20 96923
------=_NextPart_000_0040_01C121A8.BF29E220-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 10 02:53:27 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA09196; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 02:53:26 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA21759; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 02:54:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021749; Fri, 10 Aug 01 02:53:55 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHUB0W00.KUZ for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 02:50:56 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHUBBC00.K46; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 23:57:12 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA03100; Thu, 9 Aug 2001 23:57:11 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApiaydg; Thu, 9 Aug 01 23:57:11 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA07541 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 06:52:38 GMT Received: from md3.vsnl.net.in (md3.vsnl.net.in [202.54.6.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id CAA07527 for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 02:52:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from oemcomputer (unknown [210.212.226.56]) by md3.vsnl.net.in (Postfix) with SMTP id 2F8263583 for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 12:19:57 +0530 (IST) Message-Id: <3.0.32.20010810121215.00702414@md3.vsnl.net.in> X-Sender: namboo@md3.vsnl.net.in (Unverified) X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32) Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2001 12:13:53 -0700 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "K.M.Namboodhiri" Subject: New Member Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 729 Hi Coral-listers, I am a Ph.D student doing my research on the internal bioeroders of the Indian waters. I plan to make a comparative study of the coral borers of The Great Nicobars(South West Andaman Sea), The Gulf Of Mannar(South East coast of India) and The Laccadive Islands (South West Arabian Sea). As a researcher fresh to this field,I would greatly appreciate suggestions, advice, comments and help from workers already experienced in this field. Also I am eager to share information and help with fellow workers of this field. Thanking you all, Naveen Namboodiri, Research Scholar, C.A.S in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai- 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India. e mail- naveen_cas@yahoo.com namboo@md3.vsnl.net.in cocaine24@yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 10 11:12:46 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA15569; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:12:45 GMT Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA29378; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:13:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029345; Fri, 10 Aug 01 11:13:11 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHUY5100.MR6 for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:10:13 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHUYFH00.DCB; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 08:16:29 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA11638; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 08:16:28 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAi1aWSw; Fri, 10 Aug 01 08:16:28 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA08581 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 15:09:07 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA08653 for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:08:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 10:04:36 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3D97@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" Subject: FW: Spawning in Acropora cervicornis Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2001 10:06:40 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 730 Dear Coral List: Yesterday a brief message was sent out alerting us to reproduction in A. cervicornis off Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. This is a very important observation... although A. cervicornis is a known broadcast spawner... in recent years, very few cases of A.c. being "caught in the act" have been documented. Reproduction in this species relies heavily on the asexual fragmentation of the branches... As most of the readers know, however, this species has undergone catastrophic declines in populations throughout the region in the last few decades. I have included the entire press release from NCRI(thanks to Dick Dodge). The key now is to see if they (and others) find high levels of Acropora recruits in the coming months... If anyone would like to see a photo of the spawning in progress... contact the folks at NCRI... (address below) cheers, Bill -----Original Message----- From: Richard E. Dodge [mailto:dodge@nova.edu] Sent: Wednesday, August 08, 2001 8:01 AM To: Precht, Bill Subject: Press Release Press Release CORAL SEX Late on the evening of August 6th a team of researchers from the National Coral Reef Institute [NCRI] at Nova Southeastern University witnessed a spawning event of staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis, located on Southeast Florida coral reefs off Ft. Lauderdale. Masses of orange egg-sperm bundles were released into the water column between 11:15 and 11:30 p.m. Sea conditions were a moderate chop and the gametes were carried south by a strong northerly current. The coral thicket was located in 3.3 meters of water approximately one-half mile offshore. This event is noteworthy for several reasons. This is the first time such a spawning event has been witnessed and documented for corals in Broward County waters. In addition, the accumulations of staghorn coral demonstrate that there are healthy reefs existing in some unexpected areas. The research team, operating out of Nova Southeastern University's Oceanographic Center in Dania Beach, was comprised of four people: Dr. Bernardo Vargas, a postdoctoral researcher at NCRI; Dr. James Thomas, Research Director at NCRI; Brian Ettinger, a research technician at NCRI; and Abby Renegar a graduate student at the Oceanographic Center. The scientists left the dock at 7 p.m. and anchored near a reef (one of a number off the Ft. Lauderdale area) that has been a research focus for Dr. Vargas. A collection net was placed over one colony to trap gametes. Observations were made from 8 to 11 p.m by the SCUBA diving scientists who waited for the spawning to occur. Coral spawning events, while the subject of much study recently, are difficult to predict but are generally linked to phases of the moon. Dr. Vargas's calculations and results from other researchers indicated that spawning was expected on August 11, the 6th night after the full moon (and has been known to occur 7 to 8 days after the full moon). Prior underwater observations by Dr. Vargas indicated gamete bundles were increasing in size and consequently, plans were made to observe the most likely spawning date of 11 August. Preliminary observation trips to "bracket" the most likely night were planned, beginning on August 6th. As happens many times in science, the organisms were not aware of the timetable set for them by scientists. Hence, on the first preliminary dive, the team was rewarded by a spectacular display of nature, a pulse of reproductive activity lasting approximately 15 minutes. This is yet another example of how preparation and luck come together in scientific research. The team plans to continue diving through the week to document any more reproductive activity. Many corals spawn synchronously, an adaptation thought to overwhelm egg predators (fish and other marine invertebrates) to which the gametes represent a high-energy food source. Documentation of this event is good news for the coral reef research and management community. With a steady stream of reports of reef degradation and death, it is a positive point to note that some reefs continue to exhibit robust health and growth, even in the most unlikely places. Located between two major inlets, Hillsboro and Port Everglades, and adjacent to a densely populated coastal setting, it is reassuring that reefs are occurring in the shallow waters off Broward County. Subject to possible runoff and effects of pollution, and extensive coastal development including modification by high-rise complexes, reefs might not normally be expected to occur in this setting. Nevertheless, the reefs appear to be thriving. The irony and highly significant finding is that this staghorn coral species is persisting, growing, and spawning in a supposed marginal habitat when most of its brethren species has disappeared or are highly impacted elsewhere throughout the Florida Keys and Caribbean. #### NCRI 8000 N. Ocean Dr., Dania, FL 33004 USA (954) 262-3617 fax (954)-262-4027 email: ncri@mako.ocean.nova.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 10 07:51:19 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA16320; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 07:51:18 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA00366; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:47:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000354; Fri, 10 Aug 01 11:47:28 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHUZQ600.0TC for ; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:44:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHV04600.2Z6; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:52:54 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA22458; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:52:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAQiaW1R; Fri, 10 Aug 01 11:52:48 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA08859 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 10 Aug 2001 15:45:03 GMT Message-Id: <200108101545.PAA08859@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2001 11:20:08 -0400 From: Jocelyn Oneill To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'"@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 731 Subject: FW: marine labs in Caribbean Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Reply-By: Mon, 13 Aug 2001 17:00:00 -0400 X-Message-Flag: Follow up MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----_=_NextPart_001_01C121AF.F0F7CE50" This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. ------_=_NextPart_001_01C121AF.F0F7CE50 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" I apologize for the tardiness in returning this information to you... Jocelyn O'Neill Perry Institute for Marine Science Caribbean Marine Research Center ----- Original Message ----- From: Alina M. Szmant To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sent: Tuesday, July 17, 2001 1:34 PM Subject: marine labs in Caribbean Dear All: I would like to compile a list of marine labs in the Caribbean with good access to coral reefs that are available for use by researchers and educators. I would greatly appreciate it if those of you that manage such facilities could respond to this request with the information below. I will compile the answers and make it available all those who might be interested. Many thanks for your time! Alina Szmant ********************* Name of marine lab: Caribbean Marine Research Center Country/city located: Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas Airport/transportation info: Approximately $350 - 400 (From Miami) approx cost to travel to area from major US city (Miami, New York) Contact info for director/manager: Executive Director - John Marr, PhD Perry Institute for Marine Science Caribbean Marine Research Center 250 Tequesta Drive - Suite 304 Tequesta, FL 33469 (561) 741-0192 Fax (561) 741-0193 jmarr@cmrc.org www.cmrc.org Center Director - Craig Dahlgren Caribbean Marine Research Center Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas (305) 373-9370 ext 203 Fax (413) 778-7959 cdahlgren@cmrc.org www.cmrc.org Description of facilities: (web site URL): www.cmrc.org SHORE FACILITIES * Private Airstrip - (910m X 23m) * Power Generators - (2) 110kW, (2) 20kW * Freshwater Plant - Reverse Osmosis; 3000 gal/day; Cisterns * Communications - multiple line VOIP-PBX system and internet & email access via 128K satelllite connection, stand alone satellite telephone; Batelco cellular telephone, VHF, UNICOM, single sideband radio * Housing - permanent residents: 7; visitors: 40 * Dining Hall - commercial kitchen, seating for up to 50 persons. * Machine Shop - drill press, table saw, bandsaw, welding machine, cutting torch, complete power and hand tools. * Construction Equipment - trucks, crane, skid loader * Main Laboratory - (30 X 60 ft) office space, computer room, (1) dry lab, (2) wet labs, dissecting and compound microscope with fiber optic light source, electronic balance, centrifuge, fume hood, ultralow temp. freezer, vacuum pump spectrophotometer * Wet Laboratory - environmentally controlled salt and freshwater systems, aquaria, tanks of various sizes. * Seawater Tanks - (4) 18 ft diameter tanks; (4) 26X36 ft ponds * Hatchery - (6) brood tanks, bench space, (8) fry holding tanks, seawater and freshwater systems laboratory (not all systems operational at present. * Dive Locker - Scuba gear, HP compressors (2), compressed air storage bankd, (2) portable HP compressors, nitrox systems and equipment * Shipyard - ramp for boats 35 ft * Dock - space for (10) boats * Differential GPS Base Station * Boats (all boats equipped with VHF radios and other safety equipment. (1) 22 ft center console w/115hp OB (2) 20ft center console w/115hp OB (1) 18ft center console w/95hp OB (4) 17ft Boston Whaler w85hp OB (1) 13ft Boston Whaler w/35hp OB UNDERSEA FACILITIES * Underwater Video Observation (Africam.com, Inc.) - 2 permanently installed video cameras providing streaming video on the Internet. * Meteorological / Ocean Observation Platform (AOML) - Bouy gathers oceanographic and meteorological data on an hourly basis: wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, air temp, salinity, conductivity, precipitation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at surface and at 1 m below, UV-B measurements at surface and at 1 m below. Data available online at http://www.coral.noaa.gov/crw/bahamas.html. Fee structure for visitors, lodging, meals, lab: (if not available on web site) Available at www.cmrc.org Additional fees for shipping cargo, travel from the airport, and any personal expenses. Number and size of groups you can accomodate: All reservations are made on a first come first serve basis. Lab equipment and space available: See list above Running seawater facilities: See list above Boat support and costs:www.cmrc.org Diving costs and availability: www.cmrc.org Environments: distance to nearest healthy reefs: healthy reefs exist all around LSI, as well as outside of the 1/2 mile no-take reserve area surrounding the research center. types of reefs: There are patch reefs, Acropora reefs, Montastrea heads, deep reefs, and many types of gorgonians around LSI. distance to no-take areas and marine reserves: There is a voluntary 1/2 mile no-take marine reserve directly around LSI. The Exuma Cays Land & Sea Park, one of the first marine reserve areas, is 70 miles away. distance to seagrass and mangrove communities: There are seagrass communities directly around LSI, and mangrove communities on the adjacent kep approximately 1 mile away. Permitting procedures and limitations:Please contact Craig Dahlgren (CMRC) regarding any permitting issues. contact info for responsible agency: length of time it generally takes to get permits Varies on a case by case basis. ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina at Wilmington One Marvin K. Moss Lane Wilmington NC 28409 TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410 email: szmanta@uncwil.edu Presently in Key Largo: (305)453-4595 ***************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ------_=_NextPart_001_01C121AF.F0F7CE50 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"

I apologize for the tardiness in returning this information to you...

Jocelyn O'Neill

Perry Institute for Marine Science

Caribbean Marine Research Center

----- Original Message -----
From: Alina M. Szmant

To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov

Sent: Tuesday, July 17, 2001 1:34 PM

Subject: marine labs in Caribbean

Dear All:

I would like to compile a list of marine labs in the Caribbean with good access to coral reefs that are available for use by researchers and educators. I would greatly appreciate it if those of you that manage such facilities could respond to this request with the information below. I will compile the answers and make it available all those who might be interested.

Many thanks for your time!

Alina Szmant

*********************

Name of marine lab: Caribbean Marine Research Center

Country/city located:  Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas

Airport/transportation info: Approximately $350 - 400 (From Miami)
approx cost to travel to area from major US city (Miami, New York)

Contact info for director/manager:

Executive Director - John Marr, PhD

Perry Institute for Marine Science

Caribbean Marine Research Center

250 Tequesta Drive - Suite 304

Tequesta, FL 33469

(561) 741-0192   Fax (561) 741-0193

jmarr@cmrc.org        www.cmrc.org

Center Director - Craig Dahlgren

Caribbean Marine Research Center

Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas
(305) 373-9370 ext 203   Fax (413) 778-7959

cdahlgren@cmrc.org       www.cmrc.org

Description of facilities: (web site URL): www.cmrc.org

SHORE FACILITIES

Private Airstrip – (910m X 23m)
Power Generators – (2) 110kW, (2) 20kW
Freshwater Plant – Reverse Osmosis; 3000 gal/day; Cisterns
Communications – multiple line VOIP-PBX system and internet & email access via 128K satelllite connection, stand alone satellite telephone; Batelco cellular telephone, VHF, UNICOM, single sideband radio
Housing – permanent residents: 7; visitors: 40
Dining Hall – commercial kitchen, seating for up to 50 persons.
Machine Shop – drill press, table saw, bandsaw, welding machine, cutting torch, complete power and hand tools.
Construction Equipment – trucks, crane, skid loader
Main Laboratory – (30 X 60 ft) office space, computer room, (1) dry lab, (2) wet labs, dissecting and compound microscope with fiber optic light source, electronic balance, centrifuge, fume hood, ultralow temp. freezer, vacuum pump spectrophotometer
Wet Laboratory – environmentally controlled salt and freshwater systems, aquaria, tanks of various sizes.
Seawater Tanks – (4) 18 ft diameter tanks; (4) 26X36 ft ponds
Hatchery – (6) brood tanks, bench space, (8) fry holding tanks, seawater and freshwater systems laboratory (not all systems operational at present.
Dive Locker – Scuba gear, HP compressors (2), compressed air storage bankd, (2) portable HP compressors, nitrox systems and equipment
Shipyard – ramp for boats 35 ft
Dock – space for (10) boats
Differential GPS Base Station
Boats (all boats equipped with VHF radios and other safety equipment.

(1) 22 ft center console w/115hp OB

(2) 20ft center console w/115hp OB

(1) 18ft center console w/95hp OB

(4) 17ft Boston Whaler w85hp OB

(1) 13ft Boston Whaler w/35hp OB

UNDERSEA FACILITIES

Underwater Video Observation (Africam.com, Inc.) - 2 permanently installed video cameras providing streaming video on the Internet.

Meteorological / Ocean Observation Platform (AOML) – Bouy gathers oceanographic and meteorological data on an hourly basis: wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, air temp, salinity, conductivity, precipitation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at surface and at 1 m below, UV-B measurements at surface and at 1 m below. Data available online at http://www.coral.noaa.gov/crw/bahamas.html.

Fee structure for visitors, lodging, meals, lab: (if not available on web site) Available at www.cmrc.org

Additional fees for shipping cargo, travel from the airport, and any personal expenses.

Number and size of groups you can accomodate: All reservations are made on a first come first serve basis.

Lab equipment and space available: See list above

Running seawater facilities: See list above

Boat support and costs:www.cmrc.org

Diving costs and availability: www.cmrc.org

Environments:
distance to nearest healthy reefs: healthy reefs exist all around LSI, as well as outside of the 1/2 mile no-take reserve area surrounding the research center.
types of reefs: There are patch reefs, Acropora reefs, Montastrea heads, deep reefs, and many types of gorgonians around LSI.
distance to no-take areas and marine reserves: There is a voluntary 1/2 mile no-take marine reserve directly around LSI. The Exuma Cays Land & Sea Park, one of the first marine reserve areas, is 70 miles away.

distance to seagrass and mangrove communities: There are seagrass communities directly around LSI, and mangrove communities on the adjacent kep approximately 1 mile away.

Permitting procedures and limitations:Please contact Craig Dahlgren (CMRC) regarding any permitting issues.
contact info for responsible agency:
length of time it generally takes to get permits Varies on a case by case basis.

*****************************************************************
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Center for Marine Science
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
One Marvin K. Moss Lane
Wilmington NC 28409
TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410
email: szmanta@uncwil.edu
Presently in Key Largo: (305)453-4595
***************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.
------_=_NextPart_001_01C121AF.F0F7CE50-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 11 06:20:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA26106; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 06:20:35 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA09162; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 10:17:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009156; Sat, 11 Aug 01 10:16:37 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHWQ6Q00.8VD for ; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 10:13:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHWQH700.VMM; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 07:19:55 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA10655; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 07:19:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAADdaOZu; Sat, 11 Aug 01 07:19:54 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA01261 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 14:16:30 GMT Message-Id: <200108111416.OAA01261@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2001 10:35:39 From: cyril price To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: research vessel design input Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 732 [Note: this message is being forwarded to coral-list] Dear sir or madam Several years ago I decided after 40 some years in industrial work that I would like to spend the rest of my productive years engaged in work I would enjoy doing. As the sea and the creatures in it are my first love, I decided to purchase a vessel and become involved in project support work, hopefully in Marine Biology related projects. Unfortunately on Dec 28/2000 the 28.6 metre steel monohulled vessel I had purchased 5 years ago, and spent the interviening years refurbishing, was blatently pirated in Indonesia, and to all intents and purposes a total write-off. We now have to start over, and for this purpose I have agreed to purchase a fairly new 33.5 metre(109.6ft.) fiberglas catamaran which we would like, if the need exists, to refurbish as a state of the art, Marine Biology research support vessel. We intend to build in fairly long range- long term capabilities, and will have safe comfortable facilities for a fairly large crew or on-board compliment (i.e., research staff or students). We had hesitated to offer our previous vessel for charter until such time as we were sure the vessel was fully seaworthy and in dependable operating condition, however the recent theft of our previous vessel has resulted in a regrettable loss of time and effort and we now need to move quickly if we are to somehow make up for lost time. I am given to understand that you are seriously involved in the Marine research field and felt I would like to make my intentions known to you, or any interested party you might encounter, and likewise invite any input you might offer as to people or projects that might see an advantage in what we have to offer. I have some fairly comprehensive ideas as to what we should build in to the vessel, so as to offer good support services, but would certainly appreciate any input as to features you feel might be an asset to the operational efficiency of the vessel. We are currently based out of Singapore, but could easily travel to any region where our services could be put to best advantage. Have a nice day Cyril R. Price Please send any response to: biocat2000@hotmail.com or cariad_c@hotmail.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 11 07:12:37 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA26396; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 07:12:36 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA09494; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 11:09:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009489; Sat, 11 Aug 01 11:08:32 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHWSLA00.3TP for ; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 11:05:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHWSVQ00.RXD; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 08:11:50 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA12377; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 08:11:50 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAuPaOky; Sat, 11 Aug 01 08:11:49 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA01349 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 15:07:09 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA01353 for ; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 11:06:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Sat, 11 Aug 2001 10:02:58 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3D99@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" Subject: FW: More news from Florida Date: Sat, 11 Aug 2001 10:05:04 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 733 ALGAE EATING SEA URCHINS MAY REVERSE CORAL REEF DECLINE WILMINGTON, North Carolina, August 10, 2001 (ENS) - The first ever laboratory raised sea urchins have been released on an experimental site at Little Grecian Reef in a Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, in one of the first attempts at restoring the health of Atlantic coral reefs. The sea urchins are critical to coral reef renewal because they eat coral smothering algae. The project is the first phase of an innovative research effort on the part of scientists from two universities and a federal agency who will next attempt to re-seed the reef with lab cultured coral larvae. Tom Capo, director of the Experimental Fish Hatchery at the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, has worked out the life cycle of the sea urchin and is now working on mass culturing them for restoration. The first batch of laboratory-raised juvenile sea urchins was released last month at an experimental site on Little Grecian Reef. A major concern is that fish and invertebrate predators will try to eat the spiny youngsters, and the scientists need to learn the best way to reintroduce them to ensure their survival. http://ens-news.com/ens/aug2001/2001L-08-10-09.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 13 03:42:17 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA07747; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 03:42:17 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA22507; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:38:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022499; Mon, 13 Aug 01 07:38:03 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI086G00.MTL for ; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:35:04 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI08GY00.H9I; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 04:41:22 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA28248; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 04:41:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASeaOk3; Mon, 13 Aug 01 04:41:21 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA05709 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 11:33:16 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA05762 for ; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:33:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA22384; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:29:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022380; Mon, 13 Aug 01 07:29:12 -0400 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA07684; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 03:32:46 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id HAA06082 for ; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:28:51 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:28:51 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: Regarding message from Cyril Price Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 734 Dear coral-listers, I originally received this message and forwarded it to coral-list, with the thought in mind that people may want to send the fellow input regarding design. However, I have received messages from concerned scientists wondering about the legitimacy of the scenario discussed in that message. I would simply say to be careful before you commit any resources (time or money) to someone you don't know, or to a project you are not thoroughy comfortable with. Cheers, Jim ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2001 10:35:39 From: cyril price To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: research vessel design input [Note: this message is being forwarded to coral-list] Dear sir or madam Several years ago I decided after 40 some years in industrial work that I would like to spend the rest of my productive years engaged in work I would enjoy doing. As the sea and the creatures in it are my first love, I decided to purchase a vessel and become involved in project support work, hopefully in Marine Biology related projects. Unfortunately on Dec 28/2000 the 28.6 metre steel monohulled vessel I had purchased 5 years ago, and spent the interviening years refurbishing, was blatently pirated in Indonesia, and to all intents and purposes a total write-off. We now have to start over, and for this purpose I have agreed to purchase a fairly new 33.5 metre(109.6ft.) fiberglas catamaran which we would like, if the need exists, to refurbish as a state of the art, Marine Biology research support vessel. We intend to build in fairly long range- long term capabilities, and will have safe comfortable facilities for a fairly large crew or on-board compliment (i.e., research staff or students). We had hesitated to offer our previous vessel for charter until such time as we were sure the vessel was fully seaworthy and in dependable operating condition, however the recent theft of our previous vessel has resulted in a regrettable loss of time and effort and we now need to move quickly if we are to somehow make up for lost time. I am given to understand that you are seriously involved in the Marine research field and felt I would like to make my intentions known to you, or any interested party you might encounter, and likewise invite any input you might offer as to people or projects that might see an advantage in what we have to offer. I have some fairly comprehensive ideas as to what we should build in to the vessel, so as to offer good support services, but would certainly appreciate any input as to features you feel might be an asset to the operational efficiency of the vessel. We are currently based out of Singapore, but could easily travel to any region where our services could be put to best advantage. Have a nice day Cyril R. Price Please send any response to: biocat2000@hotmail.com or cariad_c@hotmail.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 12 04:58:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA01171; Sun, 12 Aug 2001 04:58:57 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA15540; Sun, 12 Aug 2001 08:55:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015536; Sun, 12 Aug 01 08:55:10 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHYH2Z00.HTJ for ; Sun, 12 Aug 2001 08:52:11 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GHYHH200.LLH; Sun, 12 Aug 2001 09:00:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA25281; Sun, 12 Aug 2001 09:00:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAitaayX; Sun, 12 Aug 01 09:00:36 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA03226 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 12 Aug 2001 12:54:13 GMT Date: Sun, 12 Aug 2001 12:54:13 GMT Message-Id: <200108121254.MAA03226@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: Reef.Check.Headquarters[mailto:Rcheck@ucla.edu] Sent: Monday, July 30, 2001 4:56 PM To: Reef@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Check@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Headquarters@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Reef Check Newsletter: The Transect Line, Summer 2001. Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 735 [Note: This message was unfortunately delayed in posting.] Greetings, Reef Check Headquarters announces the debut issue of The Transect Line, News from the Reef Check Global Network. Volume I, Issue I, Summer 2001. For a full color newsletter, including photographs and illustrations of recent activities click on www.reefcheck.org/newsletter The text and articles without graphics are included below: Reef Check Teams in Action - Indonesia: Coral Reefs hit the pop charts! - Reef Check Hawaii - Return of Reef Check Israel. - BVI, Association of Reef Keepers Spotlight on Reef Check Site - Cocos (Keeling), Australia. Training Workshops/Meetings - Training Workshop in Guangxi. - Regional Training Center in Phuket hosts first International Training of Trainers Workshop. - Reef Check and CANARI hold workshop in the Eastern Caribbean. Methods Check - Why the wait for the fish? Other News - Reef Check gets Non-Profit Tax Status in US. - MAC monitoring protocols. - Reef Check part of Coral Reef Adventure. Reef Check Teams in Action Indonesia: Coral Reefs hit the pop charts. A national training workshop in Bali (July 23-27) included training volunteers from throughout SE Asia. Volunteers from several islands throughout the archipelago, including Sumatra, Bali, Java, and Sulawesi, attended the workshop to build capacity for coral reef conservation and strengthen the relationship between Reef Check Indonesia and WWF�s Wallacea program. Funded by a grant from an anonymous donor and the East-Asia Pacific Environment Initiative, attendees included 3 dive instructors from Lumba-Lumba divers, a dive operation on Pulau Weh (an island off the north coast of Aceh in Western Indonesia). A frequently repeated question is: How to raise awareness among young people about the coral reef crisis? An innovative solution was found in Indonesia. Nugie, a popular Indonesian singer, is topping the pop charts with his new song, 'Hingga ke Terumbu Karang' (Up To the Reef). Working with Friends of the Reef and Reef Check Indonesia, Nugie wrote his song to promotes coral reef conservation and relate the impacts of poorly planned development on land to the impacts on downstream coral reefs. Featured on MTV Asia, the song has raised awareness and knowledge among the younger generation. In another recent educational program, Reef Check and Friends of the Reef, an NGO dedicated to coral reef conservation, held a drawing competition among elementary school children in Bali. The children were taught about coral reef ecology and conservation and asked to draw pictures of themselves as fish. We received hundreds of beautiful drawings from talented children and have included one winning entry here -- "If I were a Fish" by Angelina K. Winna, St. Yoseph's elementary school. Reef Check Oahu Funded by a grant from NOAA and the State of Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program, Reef Check Hawaii has expanded to include all the major Hawaiian Islands. Activities on Oahu include bi-monthly surveys of reefs around the island. Recent trainees at the Waikiki Aquarium were lucky enough to observe a major coral spawning event in one of the tanks. Return of Reef Check Israel Israel: After a two-year hiatus, Reef Check Israel is back in action! The team is led by Yael Rogel, a marine biologist studying at the Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences of Eilat. Yael�s team surveyed sites near the Princess Hotel Beach and in the Coral Reserve of Eliat, sites first checked by RC scientists in 1997. Her group also worked with "Friends of the Earth" to coordinate activities in the Coral Reserve of Eilat (part of the Marine Peace Park and a joint venture between Israel and Jordan). We look forward to continued collaboration with the Marine Peace Park and RC Israel. British Virgin Islands: Association of Reef Keepers The Association of Reef Keepers (ARK) is once again carrying out Reef Check surveys. Four permanent sites are surveyed each year by Reef Check teams, including sites on Pelican Island, Norman Island, and Great Camanoe. ARK is partially supported by the National Parks Trust and Conservation and Fisheries. Trish Bailey, who has arranged sponsorship from several local dive companies and boat owners in BVI, coordinates activities. Special thanks to this team for their hard work getting sponsors! Spotlight on Reef Check Site Cocos (Keeling), Australia. The Cocos (Keeling) Islands is a remote coral atoll made up of 27 islands surrounding a central turquoise colored lagoon. These reefs are some of the most remote in the world, situated in the Indian Ocean 2,950 km northwest of Perth, Australia and 900 km southwest of Christmas Island. The 27 islands are formed on two small, isolated mid oceanic atolls. One solitary island 24 km to the north of the main atoll is North Keeling, now known as Pulu Keeling National Park. Only two of the 27 islands are inhabited by a population of 600 Cocos Malay and 100 government servants from Australia. The 26 islands that make up the southern atoll cover a total landmass 14 km2. The islands have been a focus of coral atoll research since the days when Charles Darwin visited the atoll in April 1836. On his voyage home after a three-year journey aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin stayed on Cocos for ten days and recorded evidence to support his theory of coral atoll formation. Robert (Greenie) Thorn has been volunteering his time as Reef Check coordinator in Cocos since 1997. Greenie is a horticulturalist and conservationist who works for Parks Australia. He and Wendy Murray, RC volunteer, annually organize and participate in Clean Up Australia Day activities on land and underwater around Cocos and assist the Cocos school with environmental activities such as surveying fish nursery areas, endangered species discussions and environmental activities. Additional Reef Check activities in Cocos include working with various clubs, private businesses and other government and non-government agencies to install mooring buoys around the islands for commercial dive operations. The moorings program has installed 23 public moorings at 9 locations around Cocos. Greenie and Wendy plan to install 11 permanent monitoring sites this year which will bring the total Reef Check sites to 16. For more information about Reef Check in Cocos, contact Greenie at Robert.Thorn@ea.gov.au. Thanks Greenie, Wendy, and everyone on the Cocos RC team! Trainings and Workshops Guangxi Autonomous Region, China Provincial Training Guanxi, the southernmost mainland region of the People�s Republic of China, is an important reef area with coastal fringing and offshore reefs. A US NOAA/NOS International-sponsored RC training workshop was held in Guangxi, China, June 22-30. Thunderstorms and bad weather prevailed, but Reef Check Hong Kong coordinator and trainer Keith Kei was able train nine local government officials, including representatives from the Guangxi Oceanic Administration and the Institute of Oceanography, as well as four volunteers from local dive shops. Thanks Keith! RC Training Center in Phuket hosts first SE Asian Regional Training of Trainers The Reef Check Regional Training Center at the Phuket Marine Biological Center (PMBC) hosted its first international training from June 25-30th. Participants included representatives from Indonesia, Cambodia, China, Vietnam and Thailand. Dive shop operators from Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia also attended, along with volunteers from England, Canada, and the USA. PMBC senior scientist, Dr. Hansa Chansang, Thai RC coordinator Pinya Sarasas, and RC Thailand scientist Niphon Phongsuwan, received awards from RC Program Manager Jennifer Liebeler for their dedication and work in setting up the regional training center. Special thanks to the Thai Department of Fisheries for donating the R/V Chakrathong Thongya for use during the workshop. Workshop participants spent three days aboard the research vessel, conducting training and Reef Check surveys on the reefs in Thon Sai Bay, Phi-Phi Island, in the Gulf of Thailand. All participants are now certified as Reef Check trainers and will be expanding Reef Check monitoring, education, and management programs in their respective countries. The workshop was funded by a grant from the USAID/US State Department East Asia Pacific Environment Program. The next regional training will be held in December 2001, contact RC headquarters or Pinya Sarasas, Pinya@visto.com for more information or to sponsor a participant. UNEP GCRMN/RC Regional Training Workshop: Eastern Caribbean Allan Smith, of the Caribbean Natural Resources Institute (CANARI), in collaboration with Kai Wulf of the Soufriere Marine Management Authority (SMMA) and Reef Check Director Gregor Hodgson, conducted a training of trainers workshop for GCRMN/Reef Check in Soufriere, St. Lucia from July 11-13th. The Workshop, funded by the Caribbean Regional Coordinating Unit of the United Nations Environment Program promoted the establishment of sustainable coral reef education, monitoring and management programs in eight nations: Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago. For most countries, participants were pairs � one dive operator and one government officer. UNEP is building on its success in other parts of the world promoting the use of the Reef Check community-level monitoring program as an entry point for nations trying to monitor and manage their coastal resources. Participants interviewed after the training commented that Reef Check is particularly well-suited for use in the Caribbean due to its low cost, rapid training, low taxonomic requirements and the high information content of the results. All participants signed on as new RC coordinators and developed implementation plans for 2001-2 (contact us for a list or see our website). It was particularly helpful for participants to observe how the well-run SMMA is using Reef Check to evaluate management successes. SMMA is an excellent model for the Caribbean. Methods Check Why the wait for the fish? In each issue of The Transect Line, we will be highlighting a part of the Reef Check's methodology to try and answer some of our volunteer's frequently asked questions. People often ask, "Why wait for the fish?" Fish are disturbed by divers, especially divers using scuba. Many retreat into holes and crevices in the reef and others may swim away. Reef Check methods specify that divers or snorkelers conducting the fish transect are to wait 15 minutes after the transect line has been laid down before starting the survey in order to let the fish return to the disturbed area and come out of hiding. Once the 15-minute waiting period has passed and the count has begun, the divers must also stop every 5 meters, wait for 1-3 minutes, then swim slowly for 5 meters- counting fish only while they are swimming. The intention of the waiting period is to allow timid fish, to swim out and be counted. Care should be taken not to double-count fish that swim through the belt-transect more than once. By using this standard method of counting all over the world, results can be compared between regions. Other News Reef Check gets Non-Profit Tax Status in US. The Reef Check Foundation, a registered charity in Hong Kong since 1997, is now a fully registered non-profit 501(c)(3) organization in the US. Program Manager Jennifer Liebeler, who comes from a family of attorneys, piloted the legal terrain to achieve this important goal. This status allows RC to accept tax deductible contributions in the US � a major step in building up the organization. In addition, a board of Directors has been appointed and a scientific and technical advisory committee is being expanded and formalized. We welcome Scott Campbell, Irmelin DiCaprio and Eric Cohen to the Board. A gift of $100 allows you to sponsor a Reef Check team of your choice. For more information on team locations, please visit our website at www.reefcheck.org. You can also donate any amount directly over the internet by clicking on the button at right. Reef Check also accepts tax-deductible donations of scuba gear, underwater photo/video gear, airplane tickets/frequent flyer miles, and lodging and boat time for survey teams. For additional information on how you can help Reef Check, please contact our Development Director, Jarrett Smith at 1-310-794-4985. Upcoming MAC meeting in August Reef Check continues to work with the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) to conserve coral reefs and other marine habitats. Reef Check director Gregor Hodgson met with representatives from industry, government agencies and non-government organizations from most coral exporting countries in Jakarta at the International Workshop on the Trade in Coral and Live Rock. Based on input from all parties, Reef Check has drafted a set of scientifically rigorous assessment protocols for use by independent groups to monitor the effects of the certified marine aquarium trade operations on the health of the coral reef and the populations of harvested species and live rock. The MAC Science and Monitoring Advisory Committee will be meeting with Reef Check representatives in Honolulu in August to complete the final monitoring protocols. Successful filming of RC for Coral Reef Adventure On May 2nd, a huge IMAX camera captured renowned underwater cinematographers and authors Howard and Michele Hall, training a group of Tahitians in Reef Check methods under the picturesque mountains of Moorea. The IMAX film "The Coral Reef Adventure" produced by MacGillivray Freeman Films, is a celebration of the beauty and majesty of tropical coral reefs. We would like to thank the film crew, Howard and Michele Hall and Greg MacGillivray for inviting RC to participate in the film, and the crew of the Undersea Hunter for their hospitality. Special thanks to UCLA graduate student Craig Shuman for training Howard and Michele and coordinating the Reef Check activities. Look for Coral Reef Adventure in large format theaters in February 2003. Questions? Comments? E-mail rcheck@ucla.edu Should you wish to be removed from this mailing list, please let us know by sending an e-mail to rcheck@ucla.edu or replying to this e-mail. Reef Check Headquarters Institute of the Environment 1652 Hershey Hall 149607 University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90095-1496 USA Rcheck@ucla.edu www.reefcheck.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 13 06:20:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA10229; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 06:20:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA25667; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 10:16:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025635; Mon, 13 Aug 01 10:16:30 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI0FII00.OVF for ; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 10:13:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI0FT100.IFM; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:19:49 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA13876; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 07:19:48 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAleaygB; Mon, 13 Aug 01 07:19:48 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA06543 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 14:15:31 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu (umigw.miami.edu [129.171.97.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA06338 for ; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 10:15:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 11253 invoked by uid 7794); 13 Aug 2001 14:15:04 -0000 Received: from ibaums@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 0.637706 secs); 13/08/2001 10:15:04 Received: from oj2.rsmas.miami.edu (ibaums@129.171.97.172) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 13 Aug 2001 14:15:03 -0000 Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2001 10:15:03 -0400 (EDT) From: Iliana Baums Reply-To: ibaums@rsmas.miami.edu To: "Alina M. Szmant" cc: Bernardo Vargas-Angel , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Coral Spawning in the Bahamas In-Reply-To: <5.1.0.14.0.20010809105411.00a68430@pop.uncwil.edu> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 736 Acropora palmata spawned on Aug 6 at 22.30 to 22.50 on Green Turtle Cay, Abaco Island, Bahamas. Bundle formation was noted at 20.35. Only about 5-10% of the colonies spawned. Sunset was at 19.52, Moonrise at 21.40. The water was calm and we had no winds or currents. We tried only the nights of 5 and 6 Aug. Iliana Baums On Thu, 9 Aug 2001, Alina M. Szmant wrote: > Hi Bernardo: > > We were out nites of 5, 6 ,7 and 8 on A palmata patches on Horseshoe reef, > Key Largo . We saw no activity on first 2 nites, 4-5 colonies had small > patches of bundle formation on the 7th of Aug (minor spawning, some bundles > in water), and ca. 50 % of colonies spawning on Aug 8th. Spawning was ca. > 10:30 to 11:00 (bundle formation from ca. 9:45 to 10:30 pm). It was very > surgy and difficult to collect spawn. > > What % of your colonies did you see spawn? > > Best, > > Alina > > > At 03:48 PM 8/7/2001 -0400, you wrote: > >Subject: Coral spawning event > > > >Date: 6 August 2001 > > > >Location: Acropora cervicornis thickets off Ft. Lauderdale, FL, > >depth 3.3 > >meters > > > >Sea conditions: Winds E - NE 10-12 knots, seas with moderate > >chop, 2-4 ft.; > >southerly current, 0.75 kts, estimated. Thick layer of brackish > >inshore > >water delivered by inlets due to recent heavy rain events. > > > >Report: Colonies of Acropora cervicornis released egg-sperm > >bundles around > >22:15h-22:30h. > > > > > >Bernardo Vargas-Angel > > > > > >======================== > >Bernardo Vargas-Angel > >Research Scientist > >National Coral Reef Institute > >NSU Oceanographic Center > >8000 N. Ocean Drive > >Dania Beach, FL 33004 > >Phone: (954) 262-3677 > >Fax: (954) 262-4027 > >~~~~~~~ > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ***************************************************************** > Dr. Alina M. Szmant > Center for Marine Science > University of North Carolina at Wilmington > One Marvin K. Moss Lane > Wilmington NC 28409 > TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410 > email: szmanta@uncwil.edu > Presently in Key Largo: (305)453-4595 > ***************************************************************** > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Iliana Baums PhD Student RSMAS-MBF 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, FL 33149 Fon 305.361.4642 Fax 305.361.4600 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 13 22:29:32 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA22047; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 22:29:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA10944; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 02:25:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010939; Tue, 14 Aug 01 02:25:37 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI1ODL00.5Y1 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 02:22:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI1ORR00.3UK; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 02:31:03 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA04109; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 02:31:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAFea4ai; Tue, 14 Aug 01 02:31:02 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA08346 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 06:24:31 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f137.law4.hotmail.com [216.33.149.137]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id CAA08339 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 02:24:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Mon, 13 Aug 2001 23:23:34 -0700 Received: from 213.176.20.17 by lw4fd.law4.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 06:23:34 GMT X-Originating-IP: [213.176.20.17] From: "Mohammad Reza Shokri" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Observation of Yellow disease from Iranian Coral reefs Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 10:53:34 +0430 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_7163_2d77_327" Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 14 Aug 2001 06:23:34.0399 (UTC) FILETIME=[A53618F0:01C12489] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 737 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_7163_2d77_327 Content-Type: text/html

Dear Coral lister,

I would like to inform you that during the survey on coral reefs of two Iranian Islands in the northern Persian Gulf the yellow disease on corals was observed. This would be the first report of yellow coral disease on this side of the Gulf and I am going to prepare a brief report on my observations but the problem is that I don't know what I must call this disease "Yellow Blotch or Yellow Band".
I have attached a picture I have taken in Kish Island. Can anyone help me to identify this case.

with the best regards

Mohammad Reza Shokri
Iranian National Center for Oceanography
Living Resources Department
#51, Bozorgmehr Ave., Tehran, 14168, Iran
Tel: +98-21-6419891
Fax: +98-21-6419978
Email: mrshok@hotmail.com

Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com
------=_NextPart_000_7163_2d77_327 Content-Type: image/pjpeg; name="Yellow disease.jpg" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Yellow disease.jpg" ------=_NextPart_000_7163_2d77_327-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 14 05:11:25 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA25387; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 05:11:24 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA14864; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:07:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014834; Tue, 14 Aug 01 09:07:25 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI26ZD00.OXB for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:04:25 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI27DJ00.UU9; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:12:55 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA29170; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:12:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAY5ai_4; Tue, 14 Aug 01 09:12:54 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA09099 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 13:02:44 GMT Received: from avocet.mail.pas.earthlink.net (avocet.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.121.50]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA09012 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:02:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [165.247.180.168] (user-2ivfd58.dialup.mindspring.com [165.247.180.168]) by avocet.mail.pas.earthlink.net (EL-8_9_3_3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA00434 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 06:02:29 -0700 (PDT) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: cnidaria@pop.earthlink.net (Unverified) Message-Id: Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:03:53 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "James M. Cervino" Subject: yellow disease Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 738 Dear Mohammad Reza Shokri, Our lab is currently investigating the yellow band or blotch disease. As mentioned on the coral list server a few weeks ago regarding sample collection; use a sterile syringe to extract the material directly on the disease line. Then place it in a sterile tube and send it overnight mail to University of South Carolina Dept. of Biology and Geology AIKEN campus 471 University Parkway, Aiken SC 29801. Mark the box G. Smith Lab Please -keep cold. E-mail us before you send so that we are able to watch for the package. Regards, James -- ************************************ James M. Cervino PhD. Program Marine Science Program University of South Carolina (803) 996-6470 e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net ************************************* ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 14 05:57:43 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA26331; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 05:57:42 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA15995; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:54:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015973; Tue, 14 Aug 01 09:53:38 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI294E00.SYX for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:50:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI29IK00.HO1; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:59:08 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07290; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:59:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAD3aapo; Tue, 14 Aug 01 09:59:07 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA09258 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 13:55:55 GMT Received: from sm13.texas.rr.com (sm13.texas.rr.com [24.93.35.40]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA09248 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:55:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from ferngully (cs242719-159.austin.rr.com [24.27.19.159]) by sm13.texas.rr.com (8.12.0.Beta16/8.12.0.Beta16) with SMTP id f7EE36KK007733 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:03:06 -0500 Reply-To: From: "Doug Kent" To: Subject: computer programming Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 08:55:57 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0008_01C1249E.EF375C60" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) x-mimeole: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 739 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01C1249E.EF375C60 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 SGkgRm9sa3MhDQoNCkRvZXMgYW55b25lIG5lZWQgc29tZSBjb21wdXRlciBwcm9ncmFtbWluZyBh c3Npc3RhbmNlPyAgSSdtIGEgY3VycmVudGx5LXVuZW1wbG95ZWQgY29tcHV0ZXIgcHJvZ3JhbW1l ciwgYW5kIEknbSByZWFsbHkgaW50ZXJlc3RlZCBpbiBoZWxwaW5nIHlvdSBndXlzIG91dCB3aGls ZSBJJ3ZlIGdvdCBsb3RzIG9mIGZyZWUgdGltZS4gIEkgaGF2ZSBzb21lIHNjaWVudGlmaWMgYW5k IGVjb2xvZ2ljYWwgYmFja2dyb3VuZCwgYW5kIEknbGwgd29yayBmb3IgZnJlZSEgIEhlcmUncyBt eSBDVjogIGh0dHA6Ly9ob21lLmF1c3Rpbi5yci5jb20va2VudGZ3cy9ka3Jlc3VtZS4NCg0KS2Vl cCB1cCB0aGUgZ29vZCB3b3JrIQ0KDQotZA0KDQo= ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01C1249E.EF375C60 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 PCFET0NUWVBFIEhUTUwgUFVCTElDICItLy9XM0MvL0RURCBIVE1MIDQuMCBUcmFuc2l0aW9uYWwv L0VOIj4NCjxIVE1MPjxIRUFEPg0KPE1FVEEgaHR0cC1lcXVpdj1Db250ZW50LVR5cGUgY29udGVu dD0idGV4dC9odG1sOyBjaGFyc2V0PWlzby04ODU5LTEiPg0KPE1FVEEgY29udGVudD0iTVNIVE1M IDUuNTAuNDEzNC4xMDAiIG5hbWU9R0VORVJBVE9SPjwvSEVBRD4NCjxCT0RZPg0KPERJVj48U1BB TiBjbGFzcz00MjAyODUxMTMtMTQwODIwMDE+PEZPTlQgZmFjZT1BcmlhbCBzaXplPTI+SGkgDQpG b2xrcyE8L0ZPTlQ+PC9TUEFOPjwvRElWPg0KPERJVj48U1BBTiBjbGFzcz00MjAyODUxMTMtMTQw ODIwMDE+PEZPTlQgZmFjZT1BcmlhbCANCnNpemU9Mj48L0ZPTlQ+PC9TUEFOPiZuYnNwOzwvRElW Pg0KPERJVj48U1BBTiBjbGFzcz00MjAyODUxMTMtMTQwODIwMDE+PEZPTlQgZmFjZT1BcmlhbCBz aXplPTI+RG9lcyBhbnlvbmUgbmVlZCANCnNvbWUgY29tcHV0ZXIgcHJvZ3JhbW1pbmcgYXNzaXN0 YW5jZT8mbmJzcDsgSSdtIGEgDQpjdXJyZW50bHktdW5lbXBsb3llZCZuYnNwO2NvbXB1dGVyIHBy b2dyYW1tZXIsIGFuZCZuYnNwO0knbSByZWFsbHkgaW50ZXJlc3RlZCBpbiANCmhlbHBpbmcgeW91 IGd1eXMgb3V0IHdoaWxlIEkndmUgZ290IGxvdHMgb2YgZnJlZSB0aW1lLiZuYnNwOyBJIGhhdmUg c29tZSANCnNjaWVudGlmaWMgYW5kIGVjb2xvZ2ljYWwgYmFja2dyb3VuZCwgYW5kIEknbGwgd29y ayBmb3IgZnJlZSEmbmJzcDsgSGVyZSdzIG15IA0KQ1Y6Jm5ic3A7IDxBIA0KaHJlZj0iaHR0cDov L2hvbWUuYXVzdGluLnJyLmNvbS9rZW50ZndzL2RrcmVzdW1lIj5odHRwOi8vaG9tZS5hdXN0aW4u cnIuY29tL2tlbnRmd3MvZGtyZXN1bWU8L0E+LjwvRk9OVD48L1NQQU4+PC9ESVY+DQo8RElWPjxT UEFOIGNsYXNzPTQyMDI4NTExMy0xNDA4MjAwMT48Rk9OVCBmYWNlPUFyaWFsIA0Kc2l6ZT0yPjwv Rk9OVD48L1NQQU4+Jm5ic3A7PC9ESVY+DQo8RElWPjxTUEFOIGNsYXNzPTQyMDI4NTExMy0xNDA4 MjAwMT48Rk9OVCBmYWNlPUFyaWFsIHNpemU9Mj5LZWVwIHVwIHRoZSBnb29kIA0Kd29yayE8L0ZP TlQ+PC9TUEFOPjwvRElWPg0KPERJVj48U1BBTiBjbGFzcz00MjAyODUxMTMtMTQwODIwMDE+PEZP TlQgZmFjZT1BcmlhbCANCnNpemU9Mj48L0ZPTlQ+PC9TUEFOPiZuYnNwOzwvRElWPg0KPERJVj48 U1BBTiBjbGFzcz00MjAyODUxMTMtMTQwODIwMDE+PEZPTlQgZmFjZT1BcmlhbCANCnNpemU9Mj4t ZDwvRk9OVD48L1NQQU4+PC9ESVY+DQo8RElWPjxTUEFOIGNsYXNzPTQyMDI4NTExMy0xNDA4MjAw MT48L1NQQU4+Jm5ic3A7PC9ESVY+PC9CT0RZPjwvSFRNTD4NCg== ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01C1249E.EF375C60-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 14 11:27:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA03559; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 11:27:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA24435; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 15:23:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024399; Tue, 14 Aug 01 15:22:48 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI2OD000.6ZS for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 15:19:48 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI2ONK00.284; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 12:26:08 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA06384; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 12:26:07 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAE0aqDm; Tue, 14 Aug 01 12:26:07 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA01255 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 19:23:42 GMT Received: from maggie.pixi.com (maggie.pixi.com [206.127.224.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA01252 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 15:23:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from computer (amp05-84-71-228.pixi.net [209.84.71.228]) by maggie.pixi.com (8.11.5/8.11.5) with SMTP id f7EJD0w13256 for ; Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:13:00 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <200108141913.f7EJD0w13256@maggie.pixi.com> X-Sender: pholthus@mail.pixi.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1 Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 09:14:32 -1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Paul Holthus Subject: Marine Aquarium Council - Seminar/Discussion, DC, Aug 21, 12:00 - 1:30 pm Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 740
BRIEFING SEMINAR AND DISCUSSION FORUM
ON
CERTIFICATION FOR THE MARINE AQUARIUM TRADE

__________________________________________________________

What:
Marine Aquarium Council - Briefing Seminar and Discussion Forum

When:
Tuesday, August 21^st, 12:00 - 1:30 pm

Where:
Conference room 5A/B (5th floor)
World Wildlife Fund-US
1250 24th St., NW, Washington DC

Who:
Stakeholders interested in progress on certification for the marine aquarium trade, especially NGOs, government agencies and international organizations

Dear Colleague,

As you may know the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) is working with the marine ornamentals industry, aquarists, conservation organizations, government agencies, public aquariums, and scientists from around the world to develop an international system of certification for quality and sustainability in the marine aquarium trade. We are making exciting progress towards launching the certification in late 2001. For example, the final working version of the MAC Standards were posted on the MAC website in early July and we are now undertaking feasibility studies using the standards in the Philippines.

We are pleased to invite you to a briefing seminar and discussion forum on the progress, status and plans for finalizing the MAC Standards and launching MAC Certification in 2001. The purpose of the meeting is to ensure that you are familiar with the Marine Aquarium Council and certification development and for MAC to seek input and comments from stakeholders based in the Washington DC area, especially NGOs, government agencies, and international organizations.

A 30-minute presentation from the MAC Director will be followed by an open discussion forum on the certification for the marine aquarium trade. The MAC Accreditation Coordinator, Certification Coordinator, Communications Coordinator and Indonesia Liaison Officer/Program Officer will also be on hand to answer questions.

The bulk of the time will be for discussion of your views and questions about MAC certification development. For the discussion to be most productive, we would strongly encourage to visit the MAC website <www.aquariumcouncil.org> to become familiar with the MAC Core Standards and progress as outlined in the "MAC News".

This will be an informal "brown bag" lunch time gathering and participants are welcome to bring their lunch. Please feel free to pass this invitation to your colleagues and other potentially interested organizations.

I look forward to seeing you at the briefing seminar and discussion forum and to the opportunity to meet with you.

Sincerely,

Paul Holthus

Executive Director

Paul Holthus

Executive Director, Marine Aquarium Council

923 Nu'uanu Ave., Honolulu, Hawaii USA 96817

Phone: (+1 808) 550-8217    Fax: (+1 808) 550-8317

Email: paul.holthus@aquariumcouncil.org
Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org         ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 15 01:23:18 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA11251; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 01:23:18 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA03992; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 05:19:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003988; Wed, 15 Aug 01 05:19:13 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI3R3000.V0D for ; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 05:16:12 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI3RDK00.PT6; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 02:22:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA00024; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 02:22:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAe6aica; Wed, 15 Aug 01 02:22:31 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA02099 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 09:13:12 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f89.law3.hotmail.com [209.185.241.89]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA02077 for ; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 05:12:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 02:12:22 -0700 Received: from 62.188.138.95 by lw3fd.law3.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 09:12:22 GMT X-Originating-IP: [62.188.138.95] From: "tim ecott" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Caulerpa toxifolia 'killer algae' Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2001 09:12:22 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 15 Aug 2001 09:12:22.0803 (UTC) FILETIME=[649FA630:01C1256A] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 741 Hello Coral listers, I know it's not strictly coral but can anyone put me in touch with anyone who can give me the latest info on the spread of the marine algae Caulerpa toxifolia. I'm writing it up for a UK magazine and am keen to find a map showing Mediterranean distribution.I'd like to talk to anyone who's doing research on the organism. tim ecott tel (44) 208 607 9436 _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 15 07:55:36 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA17285; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 07:55:35 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA11075; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 11:52:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011064; Wed, 15 Aug 01 11:51:34 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI498Y00.B3C for ; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 11:48:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI49JI00.HVM; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 08:54:54 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA11350; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 08:54:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAHzaGkw; Wed, 15 Aug 01 08:54:53 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA03373 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 15:46:28 GMT Received: from gateway ([216.49.42.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA03367 for ; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 11:46:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from ca01_gate_dom-Message_Server by gateway with Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 08:44:18 -0700 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.3.1 Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2001 08:43:58 -0700 From: "Steve Segura" To: , Subject: Re: Caulerpa toxifolia 'killer algae' Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=_73293FC2.8AEB8067" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 742 This is a MIME message. If you are reading this text, you may want to consider changing to a mail reader or gateway that understands how to properly handle MIME multipart messages. --=_73293FC2.8AEB8067 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Try this site. http://www.garf.org Steve >>> "tim ecott" 08/15/01 09:12AM >>> Hello Coral listers, I know it's not strictly coral but can anyone put me in touch with = anyone=20 who can give me the latest info on the spread of the marine algae = Caulerpa=20 toxifolia. I'm writing it up for a UK magazine and am keen to find a = map=20 showing Mediterranean distribution.I'd like to talk to anyone who's = doing=20 research on the organism. tim ecott tel (44) 208 607 9436 _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. --=_73293FC2.8AEB8067 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Description: HTML
Try this site.

http://www.garf.org

Steve

>>> "tim ecott" <timecott@hotmail.com> 08/15/01 = 09:12AM=20 >>>
Hello Coral listers,
I know it's not strictly coral but = can=20 anyone put me in touch with anyone
who can give me the latest info on = the=20 spread of the marine algae Caulerpa
toxifolia. I'm writing it up for a = UK=20 magazine and am keen to find a map
showing Mediterranean distribution.I= 'd=20 like to talk to anyone who's doing
research on the organism.

tim= =20 ecott
tel (44) 208 607=20 9436

___________________________________________________________= ______
Get=20 your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp<= /A>

~~~~~~~
For=20 directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests= ,=20 please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then = click=20 on Coral-List Listserver.

--=_73293FC2.8AEB8067-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 15 16:25:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA24806; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 16:25:33 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA20435; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:21:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020420; Wed, 15 Aug 01 20:21:17 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI4WUG00.62M for ; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:18:16 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI4X8O00.P9Y; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:26:48 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA06623; Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:26:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZ3aO7m; Wed, 15 Aug 01 20:26:47 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA04095 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 00:20:24 GMT Message-Id: <200108160020.AAA04095@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 04 Aug 2001 00:54:26 +0800 From: Paul Hodgson To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Cc: jim.hendee@noaa.gov Subject: Coral Marker Buoys for Hong Kong. Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 743 [Note: This message was originally sent to NOAA HQ, but is being forwarded to coral-list for possible response directly back to Mr. Hodgson.] Dear NOAA, I am involved with a pilot scheme to install 4 coral area boundary marker buoys in a small sheltered bay in the eastern waters of Hong Kong (yes we do have coral and it needs protection). The idea is to create a no anchor area on the in-shore side of the markers to protect this coral community from anchor damage. The problem is with the Marine Department here and their requirement to only allow an internationally recognized marker to be used. Neither they or I know of any international marker for coral area boundaries. All other local Government Departments are giving their blessing. The Agriculture, Fisheries & Conservation are even helping with finance and the liaison with the Marine Department. Since the deployment will be in local waters, the Marine Department have to approve the project. Do you have any information or ideas that can help with this worthy cause. Kind regards, Paul Hodgson phodgson@hkplanet.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 16 11:49:03 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA09378; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 11:49:03 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA08033; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 15:45:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008028; Thu, 16 Aug 01 15:45:21 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI6EQK00.84N for ; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 15:42:20 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI6F1500.IWZ; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 12:48:41 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA14350; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 12:48:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAATaq_B; Thu, 16 Aug 01 12:48:40 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA05819 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 19:40:15 GMT Received: from mercury.akctr.noaa.gov (mercury.akctr.noaa.gov [161.55.120.130]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA05898 for ; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 15:40:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([161.55.236.165]) by mercury.akctr.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 mercury Jun 21 2001 23:53:48) with ESMTP id GI6ELY00.DDL; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 12:39:34 -0700 Message-ID: <3B7C237B.51936B6E@noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 09:48:11 -1000 From: John naughton X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Alan E Strong , Coral-list , Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands References: <3B5D7DE2.9279DEE6@noaa.gov> <3B6B4972.7CA19C57@noaa.gov> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 744 Alan: Good news from Palau. I just returned last night. We saw no indication of bleaching, at least in the areas where we dove. I also talked to a number of the dive charter guides and they have seen nothing of significance as yet. Also, the temperatures are normal at approx 83 F. Very unlike further north in the Northern Marianas where we observed bleaching last month, and water temps of 85 to 87 F, as I reported earlier. Aloha, John John naughton wrote: > Alan: > > I'll be conducting surveys in Palau in conjunction with the US Coop. > Agency Team for the Palau Compact Road Project, Aug 6-15. Will keep an > eye open for potential bleaching, from the inner lagoon areas to the outer > barrier reef face. > Keep you posted. Aloha, John > > John Naughton > Pacific Islands Area Office > NMFS, Honolulu > > Alan E Strong wrote: > > > NOTICE: > > > > >From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated overnight, > > using information our satellite obtained during the past weekend, we > > observe the following changes in the present bleaching situation: > > > > *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) > > Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern Mariana's > > Midway - still showing signs of development from the west > > Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands > > Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the Bank > > > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html > > > > Feedback appreciated... > > > > AES > > > > -- > > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > > Alan E. Strong > > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > > 5200 Auth Road > > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > > 301-763-8102 x170 > > FAX: 301-763-8108 > > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 16 13:04:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA10768; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 13:04:33 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA09523; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 17:00:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009517; Thu, 16 Aug 01 17:00:17 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI6I7G00.752 for ; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 16:57:16 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI6ILQ00.ANH; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 17:05:50 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA02369; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 17:05:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfRa4Ne; Thu, 16 Aug 01 17:05:48 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA06076 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 21:01:19 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.ncep.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA06083 for ; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 17:01:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI6I7N00.2ZL; Thu, 16 Aug 2001 16:57:23 -0400 Message-ID: <3B7C35A4.43E36A50@noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 17:05:40 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: John naughton CC: Coral-list , Ingrid Guch , Jill Meyer Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands References: <3B5D7DE2.9279DEE6@noaa.gov> <3B6B4972.7CA19C57@noaa.gov> <3B7C237B.51936B6E@noaa.gov> Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------ACB19C9B8FBFA13788AD31DC" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 745 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------ACB19C9B8FBFA13788AD31DC Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit So far Palau has only accumulated 1.5 Degree Heating Weeks: http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html Although a considerable region of elevated SSTs are still lingering to the north of Palau, in the vicinity of Okinawa, these high SSTs have showed no progress southward recently toward Palau....let's hope this continues. The SST time-series for Palau can be observed at: http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/sub/sst_series_24reefs.html Cheers, Al John naughton wrote: > Alan: > > Good news from Palau. I just returned last night. We saw no indication of > bleaching, at least in the areas where we dove. I also talked to a number of > the dive charter guides and they have seen nothing of significance as yet. > Also, the temperatures are normal at approx 83 F. Very unlike further north > in the Northern Marianas where we observed bleaching last month, and water > temps of 85 to 87 F, as I reported earlier. > > Aloha, John > > John naughton wrote: > > > Alan: > > > > I'll be conducting surveys in Palau in conjunction with the US Coop. > > Agency Team for the Palau Compact Road Project, Aug 6-15. Will keep an > > eye open for potential bleaching, from the inner lagoon areas to the outer > > barrier reef face. > > Keep you posted. Aloha, John > > > > John Naughton > > Pacific Islands Area Office > > NMFS, Honolulu > > > > Alan E Strong wrote: > > > > > NOTICE: > > > > > > >From our HotSpot charts and Bleaching Indices that updated overnight, > > > using information our satellite obtained during the past weekend, we > > > observe the following changes in the present bleaching situation: > > > > > > *Okinawa -- increased SSTs (approaching 32 deg C in some areas) > > > Saipan/Guam -- staying more to the north in the Northern Mariana's > > > Midway - still showing signs of development from the west > > > Palmyra - new area just west of the Line Islands > > > Bahamas - SSTs increasing to the west of Great Exuma over the Bank > > > > > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > > > http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html > > > > > > Feedback appreciated... > > > > > > AES > > > > > > -- > > > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > > > Alan E. Strong > > > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > > > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > > > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > > > 5200 Auth Road > > > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > > > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > > > 301-763-8102 x170 > > > FAX: 301-763-8108 > > > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------ACB19C9B8FBFA13788AD31DC Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------ACB19C9B8FBFA13788AD31DC-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 17 09:38:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA23411; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 09:38:10 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA24825; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 13:34:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024810; Fri, 17 Aug 01 13:33:42 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI83B700.A75 for ; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 13:30:43 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI83PG00.N6E; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 13:39:16 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA16307; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 13:39:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAATMa40F; Fri, 17 Aug 01 13:39:15 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA08142 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 17:33:02 GMT Message-Id: <200108171733.RAA08142@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Subject: CEC Requests Response from Mexico in Cozumel Case Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 21:25:15 -0700 From: B2B To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 746 Border Briefs CEC Requests Response from Mexico in Cozumel Case On February 12, the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) formally asked the Mexican government to respond to a petition filed by three Mexican nongovernmental organizations. This is the first time the CEC has accepted a citizen submission charging a government with failing to enforce its environmental laws. The petition asserts that the Mexican government failed to enforce two provisions of its General Law of Ecological Equilibrium and Environmental Protection when it gave approval for Playa Para�so, a development project in Cozumel that includes a cruise ship pier. Grupo de los Cien and Centro Mexicano de Derecho Ambiental, two Mexico City-based organizations, joined with the Cozumel-based Comit� para la Protecci�n de Recursos Naturales to charge that continued construction of the pier will damage nearby reefs and marine life. The construction is already well under way. The NGOs' ultimate goal is to have the construction of the Playa Para�so project stopped and moved elsewhere. Playa Para�so has also been targeted by the Mexican office of Greenpeace, which has engaged in direct action on site. In mid-February activists chained themselves to a crane and other machinery, postponing construction for two days. Greenpeace International also sent a ship called the Moby Dick to Cozumel for a brief visit to lend support. Under articles 14 and 15 of the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), any person or organization may file a petition with the secretariat of the CEC alleging that one of the NAFTA countries is failing to effectively enforce its environmental laws. This is the first Article 14 petition from Mexico and the first such request for information by the CEC. Responses were not requested on the two earlier petitions because the CEC Secretariat ruled that they failed to meet the basic criteria set out in the environmental side accord to NAFTA. According to rules for the Montreal-based NAFTA commission, the Mexican government has a maximum of 60 days to respond to the petition. Betty Ferber, a spokeswoman for Grupo de los Cien, anticipates a poor response from the government. Officials will assert that the government has "satisf[ied] all legal requirements" and that "the petition is erroneous" said Ferber. Once the government responds, CEC Executive Director Victor Lichtinger may recommend to the CEC Council, made up of the environmental ministers from Canada, Mexico, and the United States, that it authorize a fact-finding investigation. If the CEC does publish a factual report documenting failures, local NGOs could be strengthened in their efforts to persuade governments to make corrections. Grupo de los Cien: (5) 5-40-73-79 CEC: (514) 350-4300 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Mexican Legislature To Consider Weakening Environmental Laws Five months after SEMARNAP shocked Mexican environmentalists and others by gutting environmental assessment regulations without warning, the national legislature is scheduled to begin considering in March a proposed law that would further weaken environmental laws and tighten restrictions on the already limited public access to information. According to an op-ed by Mary Kelly, director of the Austin- based Texas Center for Policy Studies, "The proposal would codify the elimination of the environmental impact assessment requirement, even for federal projects like huge coastal tourist developments. It would turn over control of many critical environmental matters to state and local governments, almost all of which completely lack the financial resources and accountability necessary to carry out effective regulation and oversight. [And it] would strip the government of much of its enforcement authority by introducing heavy reliance on the oxy-moronic concept of 'auto-regulaci�n'. "Most damaging, and in sharp contrast to the official claims of democratic opening and renewal, the proposed new law would place even further restrictions on citizens seeking access to environmental information or the decisionmaking process.... [Citizens] would have to state why the information was being requested. The agency could then deny the request solely on the grounds that it might "prejudice" a third party," Kelly wrote. NAFTA's environmental commission is powerless to intervene, having ruled legislative action exempt from its examination. The post-NAFTA downward slide continues. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 17 10:56:02 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA25198; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 10:56:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA27011; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 14:52:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026999; Fri, 17 Aug 01 14:51:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI86WU00.R76 for ; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 14:48:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI877E00.9M2; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 11:54:50 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA23293; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 11:54:49 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA8LaiFT; Fri, 17 Aug 01 11:54:49 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA08246 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 18:52:25 GMT Message-Id: <200108171852.SAA08246@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2001 10:38:10 +0800 From: pacaqts To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Small Mesh Fish Netting Source/Supply Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 747 Dear Coral-L-ers, Can anyone point me in the right direction at sourcing small mesh monofilament fish-collecting netting; 1/4 " or less mesh? I used to be able to purchase such at a number of fish gear outlets in Honolulu. None of the major net suppliers carry this small mesh [ie. Memphis Net & Twine, etc] This will be used for scientific purposes in collecting the smaller reef fishes without, or minimum, gill damage. Thanks all in advance... Regards from North Borneo, Don Baker ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 17 12:31:26 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA26675; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 12:31:25 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA28373; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 16:27:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028369; Fri, 17 Aug 01 16:26:57 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI8BBY00.J8A for ; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 16:23:58 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GI8BQ600.9EY; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 16:32:30 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA10026; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 16:32:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABua4Kt; Fri, 17 Aug 01 16:32:29 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA08355 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 20:24:39 GMT Received: from cwj-serv01.cwjamaica.com ([208.11.45.6]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA08569 for ; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 16:24:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from AVKHOURI ([208.11.37.76]) by cwj-serv01.cwjamaica.com (Post.Office MTA v3.5.2 release 221 ID# 0-57632U50000L50000S0V35) with SMTP id com for ; Fri, 17 Aug 2001 15:18:18 -0500 Message-ID: <012401c1275a$9deefe30$580164c0@AVKHOURI> Reply-To: "Alessandra Vanzella-Khouri" From: avk.uneprcuja@cwjamaica.com (Alessandra Vanzella Khouri) To: Subject: Fw: [cc-reefs] Jamaica Gleaner - Insurer agrees to pay for reef damage - Tuesday August 14, 2001 Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2001 15:24:15 -0500 Organization: United Nations Environment Programme MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_011F_01C12730.AC945400" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 748 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_011F_01C12730.AC945400 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable ----- Original Message -----=20 From: Marcia Creary=20 To: Climate Change Coral Reef Work Group=20 Sent: Thursday, August 16, 2001 7:28 AM Subject: [cc-reefs] Jamaica Gleaner - Insurer agrees to pay for reef = damage - Tuesday August 14, 2001 Dear Colleagues,=20 This article appeared in the Daily Gleaner, Jamaica on August 14. The = landmark outcome was as a result of hard work by members of the Natrual = Resources Conservation Authority/National Enviroment and Planning Agency = (NRCA/NEPA) Legal Services, Mrs. Laleta Davis-Mattis and Mrs. Carol = Excell and the Costal Zone Management Team under Mr. Krishna Desai and = Mr. Learie Miller, with support from the Attorney Generals Department. = =20 Congratulations to the staff of the NRCA/NEPA. =20 http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20010814/business/business2.html=20 We would be very interested in hearing about other cases in which = persons responsible for reef damaged have been charged and fined. =20 =20 Marcia Chevannes Creary C5 Coordinator, CPACC Centre for Marine Sciences UWI, Mona Kingston 7 Tel (876) 935 8328, 927 1609 Fax (876) 977 1033 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor=20 ADVERTISEMENT =20 =20 =20 Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.=20 ------=_NextPart_000_011F_01C12730.AC945400 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

----- Original Message -----=20
From: Marcia=20 Creary

To: Climate Change Coral Reef Work = Group

Sent: Thursday, August 16, 2001 7:28 AM

Subject: [cc-reefs] Jamaica Gleaner - Insurer agrees to pay = for reef=20 damage - Tuesday August 14, 2001

Dear Colleagues,

This article appeared in the Daily Gleaner, = Jamaica on=20 August 14. The landmark outcome was as a = result of=20 hard work by members of the Natrual Resources Conservation = Authority/National=20 Enviroment and Planning Agency (NRCA/NEPA) Legal Services, Mrs. Laleta=20 Davis-Mattis and Mrs. Carol Excell and the Costal Zone Management=20 Team under Mr. Krishna Desai and Mr. Learie Miller, with support = from the=20 Attorney Generals Department.

Congratulations to the = staff of the=20 NRCA/NEPA.

http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20010814/business/business= 2.html=20

We would be very interested in hearing about = other cases=20 in which persons responsible for reef damaged have been charged and=20 fined.

Marcia Chevannes Creary
C5 = Coordinator,=20 CPACC
Centre for Marine Sciences
UWI, Mona
Kingston 7
Tel = (876) 935=20 8328, 927 1609
Fax (876) 977=20 1033

Yahoo! Groups=20 Sponsor

ADVERTISEMENT

Your=20 use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of = Service.=20
------=_NextPart_000_011F_01C12730.AC945400-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 18 16:07:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA05549; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 16:07:59 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA08468; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:04:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008464; Sat, 18 Aug 01 20:04:16 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAG2500.A8B for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:01:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAGGF00.NOT; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:09:51 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA18139; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:09:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAqYaqBJ; Sat, 18 Aug 01 20:09:49 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA10800 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:59:16 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f142.pav2.hotmail.com [64.4.37.142]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA10842 for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 19:59:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 16:58:36 -0700 Received: from 63.151.152.220 by pv2fd.pav2.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:58:35 GMT X-Originating-IP: [63.151.152.220] From: "Michael Holmes" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Please Help!!! (Deep Ocean Research Lab) Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2001 19:58:35 -0400 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 18 Aug 2001 23:58:36.0033 (UTC) FILETIME=[B193E710:01C12841] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 749 Ok. This is the deal. I have been working on a deep ocean research lab. Nothing has been built or even funded. It is just something I work on in my spare time. What I need to know is if any one would like to help me now that I am in the revising process. Here is a general run down to help you understand exactly what it is. I have much more of it planned but I do not want to bore people who don't want to know. It would be much like a space station for the ocean. Pretty much for research of the deep ocean previously not possiable. I have thought of ways for air, water, food, waste removal, and electricity. I also decided on what the site it is located at will need and how to make the actual building. If you are intrested just e-mail me and I will go into greater detail. I would really appreciate it. _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 18 16:07:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA05549; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 16:07:59 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA08468; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:04:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008464; Sat, 18 Aug 01 20:04:16 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAG2500.A8B for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:01:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAGGF00.NOT; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:09:51 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA18139; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:09:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAqYaqBJ; Sat, 18 Aug 01 20:09:49 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA10800 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:59:16 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f142.pav2.hotmail.com [64.4.37.142]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA10842 for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 19:59:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 16:58:36 -0700 Received: from 63.151.152.220 by pv2fd.pav2.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:58:35 GMT X-Originating-IP: [63.151.152.220] From: "Michael Holmes" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Please Help!!! (Deep Ocean Research Lab) Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2001 19:58:35 -0400 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 18 Aug 2001 23:58:36.0033 (UTC) FILETIME=[B193E710:01C12841] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 750 Ok. This is the deal. I have been working on a deep ocean research lab. Nothing has been built or even funded. It is just something I work on in my spare time. What I need to know is if any one would like to help me now that I am in the revising process. Here is a general run down to help you understand exactly what it is. I have much more of it planned but I do not want to bore people who don't want to know. It would be much like a space station for the ocean. Pretty much for research of the deep ocean previously not possiable. I have thought of ways for air, water, food, waste removal, and electricity. I also decided on what the site it is located at will need and how to make the actual building. If you are intrested just e-mail me and I will go into greater detail. I would really appreciate it. _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 18 17:44:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA06018; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 17:44:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA08916; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 21:40:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008912; Sat, 18 Aug 01 21:39:37 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAKH100.97Q for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 21:36:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAKRM00.53I; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 18:42:58 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA12636; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 18:42:58 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhcaqRy; Sat, 18 Aug 01 18:42:57 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA10883 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 01:41:14 GMT Received: from fw0hub1.irm.r9.fws.gov (fw0hub1.irm.r9.fws.gov [164.159.176.242]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA10884 for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 21:41:05 -0400 (EDT) From: Susan_White@FWS.GOV To: "Alan E Strong" Cc: Coral-list MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2001 21:33:39 -0400 Message-ID: X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on FW0HUB1/FWS/DOI(Release 5.0.7 |March 21, 2001) at 08/18/2001 07:40:07 PM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 751
Hi Alan,
Pretty good news from Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Ref= uge. I was there doing survey dives from Aug 6 - 10 and only saw one = colony of Porites (sp.?) bleached at 70 ft. on the slope (south side) of th= e outside fringing reef. Lots of others in the vicinity of the colony= weren't showing any signs of stress to speak of. No other signs of b= leaching at any of the other sites we dove -- both inside and outside each = of the lagoons.

Susan White
U.S. Fish and Wildlif= e Service
National Wildlife Refuge System
susan=5Fwhite@fws.gov=
= ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 18 19:59:10 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA06578; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 19:59:09 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA09349; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:55:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009345; Sat, 18 Aug 01 23:55:21 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAQR900.N5G for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:52:21 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAR1U00.D3O; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:58:42 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA16101; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 20:58:41 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAOmaGCF; Sat, 18 Aug 01 20:58:41 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA11007 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 03:56:31 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.wwb.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA10999 for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:56:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.151.190]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIAQS400.445; Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:52:52 -0400 Message-ID: <3B7F4632.3B66C2FB@noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2001 23:53:06 -0500 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Susan_White@FWS.GOV CC: Coral-list Subject: Re: Potential Bleaching expands References: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 752 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/sub/sst_series_palmyra_cur.html Susan -- Our SST time-series shown at link above appears to have confirmed thermally what you have observed. SSTs inched slightly above the max SST expected this summer but have still not exceeded this threshold by more than a few tenths...if they move up to 29.8 (from our satellite SSTs) the story might have been a bit more bleak. Cheers, Al Susan_White@FWS.GOV wrote: > > Hi Alan, > > Pretty good news from Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge. I was > there doing survey dives from Aug 6 - 10 and only saw one colony of > Porites (sp.?) bleached at 70 ft. on the slope (south side) of the > outside fringing reef. Lots of others in the vicinity of the colony > weren't showing any signs of stress to speak of. No other signs of > bleaching at any of the other sites we dove -- both inside and outside > each of the lagoons. > > > > Susan White > > U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service > > National Wildlife Refuge System > > susan_white@fws.gov > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list > or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on > the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 19 13:52:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12035; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 13:52:35 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA16949; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:48:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016939; Sun, 19 Aug 01 17:48:16 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIC4FF00.A8O for ; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:45:15 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIC4Q100.Q8T; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 14:51:37 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA17680; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 14:51:37 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAT1a4HI; Sun, 19 Aug 01 14:51:36 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA13016 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:49:32 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA13153 for ; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:49:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA16927; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:45:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016923; Sun, 19 Aug 01 17:45:29 -0400 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12021; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 13:49:04 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id RAA10324 for ; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:45:09 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:45:09 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: Regarding solicitations Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 753 Dear Coral-Listers, This is the second of these Hey-I've-got-a-great-idea-why-don't-you-chip-in types of messages I've seen lately. I would like to ask that the membership consider NOT posting these types of messages. Asking for research help is one thing, asking to help on a brainstorm is another, especially when you're waiting for the other shoe to drop (like, "I'm doing this for The Cause, but I need a little up-front cash..."). "Space station for the ocean"...from a "hotmail" account? Be careful! Cheers, Jim [I have unsubscribed this person, or at least this email account, and I hope we don't see more of these.] ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2001 19:58:35 -0400 From: Michael Holmes To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Please Help!!! (Deep Ocean Research Lab) Ok. This is the deal. I have been working on a deep ocean research lab. Nothing has been built or even funded. It is just something I work on in my spare time. What I need to know is if any one would like to help me now that I am in the revising process. Here is a general run down to help you understand exactly what it is. I have much more of it planned but I do not want to bore people who don't want to know. It would be much like a space station for the ocean. Pretty much for research of the deep ocean previously not possiable. I have thought of ways for air, water, food, waste removal, and electricity. I also decided on what the site it is located at will need and how to make the actual building. If you are intrested just e-mail me and I will go into greater detail. I would really appreciate it. _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 19 17:41:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA13329; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 17:41:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA18424; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:37:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018420; Sun, 19 Aug 01 21:37:02 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GICF0Q00.I88 for ; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:34:02 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GICFF200.17T; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:42:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA04274; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:42:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAIPaiwi; Sun, 19 Aug 01 21:42:36 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA13327 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 01:35:07 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.wwb.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA13363 for ; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:35:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.151.182]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GICEWM00.012 for ; Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:31:34 -0400 Message-ID: <3B80768E.567EDFF7@noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 19 Aug 2001 21:31:42 -0500 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list Subject: Bermuda Bleaching? Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 754 Hello Bermuda....our Bleaching Indices Page: http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html shows Bermuda has reached critical SST levels during the past weekend and bleaching is expected from excessive thermal stress....feedback appreciated. With the solar zenith lowering each day these conditions should ease soon. Regards, Al -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 20 03:22:43 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA17009; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 03:22:43 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA22063; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:19:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022057; Mon, 20 Aug 01 07:18:17 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GID5XH00.78A for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:15:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GID68400.FF0; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 04:21:40 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA17283; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 04:21:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAUMaGVH; Mon, 20 Aug 01 04:21:38 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA14350 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 11:17:28 GMT Received: from pmdfext.fao.org (pmdfext.fao.org [168.202.2.15]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA14346 for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:17:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from PMDFINT ([168.202.2.12]) by PMDFEXT.fao.org (PMDF V5.2-32 #41665) with ESMTP id <0GID003JG62F8X@PMDFEXT.fao.org> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 13:18:15 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON by PMDFINT.fao.org (PMDF V5.2-32 #41664) id <0GID00H0162QY2@PMDFINT.fao.org>; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 13:18:26 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from rafexchg.fao.org (rafexchg.fao.org [168.202.244.16]) by PMDFINT.fao.org (PMDF V5.2-32 #41664) with ESMTP id <0GID00DMR62LA8@PMDFINT.fao.org>; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 13:18:26 +0200 (MET DST) Received: by RAFEXCHG with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 11:18:12 +0000 Content-return: allowed Date: Mon, 20 Aug 2001 11:18:12 +0000 From: "Hosch, Gilles (FAORAF)" Subject: RE: Caulerpa toxifolia 'killer algae' To: tim ecott , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 755 hi tim, some feedback to your request below. first a most recent reference: Zuljevic, A. et al. (2001) Sea slug disperses the invasive Caulerpa taxifolia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association U.K. 81, pp. 343-344 you might want to get a copy of this "short communication" paper (no maps in this one though). it contains 9 more references, of which some are relevant to your particular search and might very well contain the maps you are after. there is a french researcher based in nice (co-author of the above paper) that you might want to contact also, who has published quite a bit of work on the spreading and biological control of C. taxifolia. his e-mail is thibautt@unice.fr all the best, g -----Original Message----- From: tim ecott [mailto:timecott@hotmail.com] Sent: Wednesday, August 15, 2001 9:12 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Caulerpa toxifolia 'killer algae' Hello Coral listers, I know it's not strictly coral but can anyone put me in touch with anyone who can give me the latest info on the spread of the marine algae Caulerpa toxifolia. I'm writing it up for a UK magazine and am keen to find a map showing Mediterranean distribution.I'd like to talk to anyone who's doing research on the organism. tim ecott tel (44) 208 607 9436 _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 20 06:18:16 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA19237; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 06:18:15 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA26048; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:14:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026038; Mon, 20 Aug 01 10:14:00 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIDE2800.E9B for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:10:56 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIDEGL00.3JK; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:19:33 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA19242; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:19:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAARnaaLL; Mon, 20 Aug 01 10:19:31 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA14587 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 14:12:00 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA14559 for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:11:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 09:08:01 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3DC2@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: coral-list Subject: RE: Florida stuff Date: Mon, 20 Aug 2001 09:10:31 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 756 More on the Acropora event... Staghorn coral lovefest recorded off Broward http://www.miami.com/herald/content/news/local/broward/digdocs/014737.htm ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 20 06:25:18 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA19379; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 06:25:18 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA26221; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:21:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026214; Mon, 20 Aug 01 10:21:16 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIDEEF00.J9Y for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:18:15 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIDEP200.CHB; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:24:38 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA05323; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:24:37 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWZaWyk; Mon, 20 Aug 01 07:24:37 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA14568 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 14:19:09 GMT Received: from web9503.mail.yahoo.com (web9503.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.129.133]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA14613 for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 10:18:50 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010820141850.43054.qmail@web9503.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [209.27.142.226] by web9503.mail.yahoo.com; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:18:50 PDT Date: Mon, 20 Aug 2001 07:18:50 -0700 (PDT) From: Thad Murdoch Subject: Re: Bermuda Bleaching? To: Alan E Strong , coral-list In-Reply-To: <3B80768E.567EDFF7@noaa.gov> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 757 Hello all, from Bermuda Happy to report that over the weekend I did not see any bleaching at several reef crest and back-reef sites encompassing depth ranges of 0 - 60 ft. Will keep an eye on the corals on the platform, which may be more at risk. Warm Regards Thaddeus Murdoch Graduate Intern Bermuda Biological Station for Research Inc. http://www.bbsr.edu PhD Student Dauphin Island Sea Lab Dauphin Island, AL 36528 USA http://www.disl.org Marine Science Dept. University of South Alabama http://www.usouthal.edu --- Alan E Strong wrote: > Hello Bermuda....our Bleaching Indices Page: > > http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > > shows Bermuda has reached critical SST levels during the > past weekend > and bleaching is expected from excessive thermal > stress....feedback > appreciated. With the solar zenith lowering each day > these conditions > should ease soon. > > Regards, > Al > > > -- > **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > Alan E. Strong > Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division > Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) > Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > 5200 Auth Road > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > 301-763-8102 x170 > FAX: 301-763-8108 > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to > coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on > Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 20 13:15:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA28527; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 13:15:14 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA06739; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 17:11:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006724; Mon, 20 Aug 01 17:10:51 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIDXD300.EB1 for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 17:07:51 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIDXOZ00.FP8; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 17:14:59 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA22902; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 17:14:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA36aGUS; Mon, 20 Aug 01 17:14:58 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA15491 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 21:10:05 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA15462 for ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 17:09:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Mon, 20 Aug 2001 16:06:06 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3DCA@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: "'coral-list'" Subject: RE: Minor Bleaching in Florida Date: Mon, 20 Aug 2001 16:08:34 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 758 Coral List: Dives this past weekend by Adam Gelber of my staff revealed signs of bleaching in Montastrea faveolata and Palythoa caribbea off Dania Beach, Broward County, Florida - water depth 3-10 meters. William F. Precht Ecological Sciences Program Manager PBS&J ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 21 10:10:27 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA11613; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 10:10:27 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA23849; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 14:06:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023840; Tue, 21 Aug 01 14:06:07 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIFJH600.2EE for ; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 14:03:06 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIFJRT00.GIM; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 11:09:29 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA20841; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 11:09:29 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAALDayRO; Tue, 21 Aug 01 11:09:28 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA17243 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 17:45:21 GMT Received: from mx1.uunet.co.ke (mail.africaonline.co.ke [216.252.240.8]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA17215 for ; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 13:45:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [195.202.92.35] (helo=smangubhai) by mx1.uunet.co.ke with smtp (Exim 3.21 #2) id 15ZIO5-0001mB-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 21 Aug 2001 20:44:37 +0000 Message-ID: <001601c12a69$1fcc4d20$235ccac3@smangubhai> Reply-To: "Sangeeta Mangubhai" From: "Sangeeta Mangubhai" To: Subject: Information required on Lomaiviti group, Fiji Date: Tue, 21 Aug 2001 20:45:09 +0300 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000D_01C12A82.2A9C83A0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 759 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000D_01C12A82.2A9C83A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable In April 2001, WWF South Pacific coordinated scientific surveys of reefs = within the Lomaiviti group in Fiji, aboard the Nai'a Cruises Fiji = vessel. The report is currently being prepared for submission to WWF = South Pacific for their use, as well as communities, managers, = conservation practitioners and government departments. We are currently wishing to get in touch with researchers that have = undertaken baseline surveys and/or other coral reef or fisheries = research in the Lomaiviti group, so that we can compare our findings = with the work of others, and to assist in making management = recommendations. Specifically, we are looking for any publications or = reports that have been published on this island group.=20 I am aware of a group called Greenforce which has down research in = various parts of Fiji, and would like to make contact with members who = have worked in Lomaiviti. Cheers,=20 Sangeeta Mangubhai *********************************************** Sangeeta Mangubhai P.O. Box 10135 Bamburi Mombasa KENYA Tel: +254-(011)-474-582 Email: smangubhai@africaonline.co.ke ------=_NextPart_000_000D_01C12A82.2A9C83A0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
In April 2001, WWF South Pacific coordinated scientific surveys of = reefs=20 within the Lomaiviti group in Fiji, aboard the Nai'a Cruises Fiji = vessel. =20 The report is currently being prepared for submission to WWF South = Pacific for=20 their use, as well as communities, managers, conservation practitioners = and=20 government departments.

We are currently wishing to get in touch with researchers that have = undertaken baseline surveys and/or other coral reef or fisheries = research in the=20 Lomaiviti group, so that we can compare our findings with the work of = others,=20 and to assist in making management = recommendations. Specifically, we=20 are looking for any publications or reports that have been published on = this=20 island group.

I am aware of a group called Greenforce which has down research in = various=20 parts of Fiji, and would like to make contact with members who have = worked in=20 Lomaiviti.

Cheers,

Sangeeta Mangubhai

***********************************************
Sangeeta=20 Mangubhai
P.O. Box 10135
Bamburi
Mombasa
KENYA
Tel: = +254-(011)-474-582
Email: smangubhai@africaonline.co.= ke
------=_NextPart_000_000D_01C12A82.2A9C83A0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 22 08:54:02 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA28734; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 08:54:02 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14950; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 12:50:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014941; Wed, 22 Aug 01 12:49:50 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIHAM100.7EH for ; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 12:46:49 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIHAWP00.C1X; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 09:53:13 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA21202; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 09:53:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAATbaGzP; Wed, 22 Aug 01 09:53:12 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA19248 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 16:50:58 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA13533 for ; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 12:50:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id RAA04496 for ; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 17:48:37 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 17:50:23 +0100 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2001 17:50:02 +0100 From: "Mark Spalding" To: Subject: World Atlas of Coral Reefs Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA19215 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 760 The UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre has just completed the first ever "World Atlas of Coral Reefs". Details about the book can be found on our web-site on www.unep-wcmc.org/marine/coralatlas/ Official launch on 11 Sept, but you can already order the book from the University of California Press (and Amazon etc). There will not be a full electronic version of the Atlas, however we are hopeful that much of the underlying map and statistical data from the Atlas will be available on the ReefBase web-site by the end of the year. We still have a small number of copies which are being sent, free-of-charge, to active conservation programmes and libraries in developing countries. Send a short description describing the work of the organisation, its need for the book, and financial constraints. Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 22 02:54:05 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA21984; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 02:54:05 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA07021; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 06:50:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007017; Wed, 22 Aug 01 06:49:46 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIGTXW00.JFD for ; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 06:46:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIGUCC00.HML; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 06:55:24 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA01403; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 06:55:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA6IaqVc; Wed, 22 Aug 01 06:55:23 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA18520 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 10:46:03 GMT Received: from mx1.uunet.co.ke (mail.africaonline.co.ke [216.252.240.8]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA18480 for ; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 06:45:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [195.202.92.110] (helo=africaonline.co.ke) by mx1.uunet.co.ke with esmtp (Exim 3.21 #2) id 15ZYJh-0005Q5-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 13:45:10 +0000 Message-ID: <3B83B0BD.BFB740D7@africaonline.co.ke> Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2001 13:17:00 +0000 From: David Obura Reply-To: dobura@africaonline.co.ke Organization: CORDIO X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 (Macintosh; I; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: 2ND ANNOUNCEMENT, ICRI Regional Workshop for the Indian Ocean November 26-28, 2001 in Maputo, Mozambique Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 761 Dear coral-listers, This is a second announcement of the ICRI Regional Workshop for the Indian Ocean, to be held between November 26-28, 2001, in Maputo, Mozambique. >From January 1 2001 to December 31 2002, Philippines and Sweden accepted the role of co-chairing the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) Global Secretariat. As one of its primary activities in 2001-2002, ICRI is hosting 3 regional workshops (East Asia, April 2001; Indian Ocean, November 2001; Caribbean, 2002) building up to the 2nd International Tropical Marine Ecosystems Management Symposium II (ITMEMS-II), 2002. In this regard, we wish to invite you to the ICRI Regional Workshop for the Indian Ocean, to be held from November 26-28, 2001 in Maputo (Mozambique), back-to-back with the ICRI Coordinating and Planning Committee Meeting, November 29-30. The Regional Workshop is being organized by the UNEP Regional Coordinating Unit (UNEP-RCU, Seychelles), CORDIO and ICRAN, on behalf of ICRI. For more information, please e-mail/fax your queries to: Rolph Payet (rolphap@seychelles.net; Fax: +248 322945) or David Obura (dobura@africaonline.co.ke, Fax: +254 11 486473). We look forward to your participation at the Regional Workshop. Yours sincerely, Rolph Payet and David Obura Rolph Payet Director General Policy, Planning and Services Division Ministry of Environment and Transport P.O. Box 677, Victoria, Mahe Seychelles TEL: +248 22567/224644, FAX: 322945/224500 Email: rolphap@seychelles.net David Obura Coordinator, East Africa Coral Reef Degradation in the Indian Ocean P.O.BOX 10135 Mombasa Kenya TEL/FAX: +254-11-486473 Email: dobura@africaonline.co.ke ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 23 05:51:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA13028; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 05:51:10 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA02643; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 09:47:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(128.171.159.25) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002629; Thu, 23 Aug 01 09:46:51 -0400 Received: from leka (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by leka.soest.hawaii.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id DAA19228; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 03:49:29 -1000 (HST) Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by leka.soest.hawaii.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA19183 for ; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 03:48:19 -1000 (HST) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id OAA09075 for ; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 14:46:10 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 14:48:05 +0100 Message-Id: Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2001 14:48:00 +0100 Reply-To: Ed.Green@unep-wcmc.org Sender: owner-rrs-l@soest.hawaii.edu From: "Ed Green" To: , , , Subject: VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by leka.soest.hawaii.edu id DAA19184 X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.0 -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 762 Apologies for cross postings VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT - ONLY REPLY TO THE ADDRESS GIVEN AT THE END OF THIS MESSAGE - NO OTHER REPLIES WILL BE ACCEPTED Vacant Position: Technical Advisor (TA) Project: Conservation Management of Eritrea's Coastal, Marine and Island Biodiversity (Project ERI/97/G31) Duration: Two year full-time position Contract type: Appointment of Limited Duration (ALD) (One year contract to start, extendable for second year based on performance) Duty Station: Massawa, Eritrea Start-date: as soon as possible Project Background The objective of the project is to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of the globally significant biodiversity of Eritrea's coastal, marine and island (CMI) ecosystems. These are currently threatened by the rapid development of fisheries, tourism and oil exploration. The project will facilitate sustainable development of the CMI resources, through a participatory management framework, establishment of conservation areas and species programs, an operational information system, and increased public awareness of the needs and benefits of CMI biodiversity. Technical Advisor qualifications The Technical Advisor (TA) will be a senior international technical expert with a second degree in Biological or Natural Resources Sciences. The TA will have strong record of scholarly publications and extensive experience in the acquisition, assimilation and synthesis of information relevant to CMI biodiversity assessment and management, preferably in the Red Sea region. A good working knowledge in the application of RS/GIS techniques in tropical ICZM, computer skills, a valid driving license and SCUBA certification are essential attributes. The person will have a demonstrative ability to network and work in close collaboration with others. Terms of Reference Under the overall supervision of the National Project Manager, and in close collaboration with the National Implementing Agency, the Project Coordinating, Planning and Implementation Committee (PCPIC) and UNDP, the TA will be responsible for providing technical oversight, guidance, leadership and supervision to the project. The TA will serve full-time for a period of two years, with the option for discontinuation after the first year. The Duty Station will be Massawa, Eritrea. The schedule of duties for the TA is as follows: 1. Lead responsibility for providing oversight, guidance and supervision for technical components of the overall CMI Framework Objective. 2. Act as the technical focal point for national, regional and international integration and coordination in this project, and as requested by the NPM, National Implementing Agency and PCPIC, represent the project at the technical level and provide expert advice. 3. Performing training needs assessments through routine evaluations and appraisals of the technical capacity of project staff and national partners to implement project activities. Based upon these assessments, identify and coordinate with relevant national and international institutions in the development of appropriate in-situ and ex-situ training programmes, seminars and short courses, in consultation with the NPM and National Implementing Agency. 4. In consultation with the NPM, National Implementing Agency, PCPIC, UNDP and UNOPS, draft detailed clear TORs and contracting mechanisms for activities to be undertaken by the collaborating institutions and individual consultants and trainers, and monitor and supervise the fulfillment of contractual obligations. 5. Providing backstopping and overall supervision for the practical implementation of technical components of the project's field responsibilities, including logistical and safety considerations, and providing oversight for data management and synthesis (GIS). 6. Creating and maintaining technical linkages and partnerships with relevant national, regional and international groups. 7. Establishing a website to promote the project internationally and provide a forum through which to share information and ideas. 8. Providing guidance in the search for technical information, reference literature and data relevant to the project, coordinating the establishment of a metadata base of this information. 9. Assisting the NPM with the organization of national workshops and other fora to promote coordination for biodiversity protection. 10. Advising and assisting the NPM with the procurement, maintenance and upgrading of technical items of project equipment. 11. Assisting the NPM with the preparation of Annual Work Plans and budget reviews, and the preparation of project reports. 12. Lead responsibility for compilation of technical reports and publications, including reviewing those submitted by contracted individual consultants and collaborating institutions. 13. Undertaking the preparation, coordination and monitoring of study-tours and fellowships. 14. Advising the National Implementing Agencies on issues relating to the project and their regional and international significance. 15. Undertaking other relevant duties as directed by the NPM, National Implementing Agency and PCPIC. Please mail, fax or E-mail your cover letter and full CV by 16 September 2001 to: United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) Attention: Ms. Katherin Topar-Michon, Portfolio Manager Division for Environmental Programmes United Nations Office for Project Services The Chrysler Building, 405 Lexington Avenue New York, NY 10174 Fax: (212) 457 4044 E-mail: katherintm@unops.org Ref: ERI/97/G31 - Technical Advisor Please note that: * Applications received after the closing date will not be considered. * Only those candidates that are short-listed for interviews will be notified. --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 23 06:43:47 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA14358; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 06:43:45 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA04179; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 10:40:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004136; Thu, 23 Aug 01 10:40:03 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIIZ9P00.3FF for ; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 10:37:01 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIIZKF00.SSB; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 07:43:27 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA23907; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 07:43:26 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZTaqSU; Thu, 23 Aug 01 07:43:26 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA20844 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 14:40:46 GMT Received: from orcinus.mote.org (orcinus.mote.org [216.142.140.56]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA21043 for ; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 10:40:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from teach.mote.org ([216.141.219.194] helo=EMM1) by orcinus.mote.org with esmtp (Exim 3.31 #1) id 15Zven-00015P-00 for Coral-List@reef.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 23 Aug 2001 10:40:29 -0400 Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2001 10:36:18 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) From: Erich Mueller To: Coral List Subject: for Florida residents only Message-ID: X-X-Sender: emueller@orcinus.mote.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 763 Mote Marine Laboratory has intiated the "Protect Our Reefs" specialty license plate process for Florida vehicle owners concerned about our reef. Proceeds from the plate will be used to support Florida reef research and education, similar to that accomplished for "Wild Dolphins", "Sea Turtles", "Manatees", etc. by their plates. Before the intiative can be submitted to the State Legislature 15,000 Florida vehicle owners must agree they would consider purchasing the specialty plate, if available (owners of motorcycle and other restricted plates are ineligible). Mote is in the midst of obtaining those 15,000 supporters before the fall legislative session. More information and the opportunity to be counted electronically for the Florida Reef can be found on Mote's home page (www.mote.org). Supporting this effort by submitting the form does NOT obligate one to purchase the plate when it becomes available. Thank you in advance for your support! <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director Phone: (305) 745-2729 Mote Marine Laboratory FAX: (305) 745-2730 Center for Tropical Research Email: emueller@mote.org 24244 Overseas Highway (US 1) Summerland Key, FL 33042 Center Website-> http://www.mote.org/~emueller/CTRHome.phtml Mote Marine Laboratory Website-> http://www.mote.org Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional policy unless so indicated. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 24 08:48:27 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA04415; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 08:48:27 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA28538; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 12:44:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028530; Fri, 24 Aug 01 12:44:30 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIKZP400.EJU for ; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 12:41:28 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIL03N00.2JQ; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 12:50:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA27217; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 12:50:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABaaGi1; Fri, 24 Aug 01 12:50:10 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA23258 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 16:37:18 GMT Message-Id: <200108241637.QAA23258@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2001 16:42:49 -0700 (PDT) From: Cry of the Water Subject: Press Release: ANCIENT REEF THREATENED BY DREDGE PROJECT To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 764 Cry of the Water, The Global Coral Reef Alliance, and Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility Press Release FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Dan Clark, Cry of the Water, 954-753-9737 Thursday, August 23, 2001 Jessica Vallette Revere, PEER, 202-265-7337 ANCIENT REEF THREATENED BY DREDGE PROJECT Reef Protection Report Released to Document and Save Northernmost Coral Reef Ft. Lauderdale, FL � Cry of the Water, a coral reef monitoring group in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, has documented unexpectedly high coral cover and coral reef species diversity off the Broward County shoreline in an area that is now threatened by a massive dredge and fill project. Prior surveys of the area have missed or underestimated the size and extent of large stands of staghorn coral reef and ancient coral colonies that are found close to shore. Further, early agency planning documents repeatedly stated that the 3 million cubic yard dredging project using 7 offshore dredge sites would not significantly impact the reefs of Ft. Lauderdale. The best shallow reefs in Ft. Lauderdale are close to the burial area. Over 25 acres of shallow essential fish habitat, hard bottom and coral, will be directly buried and many more acres will also be indirectly affected. These reefs contain more then 1/2 of all the coral species found in the Caribbean and some coral colonies are between 500 and 1000 years old. �Killing or damaging the last remaining good shallow reefs in east Florida by dredging and filling would by like dynamiting the last giant redwood stand� said Dr. Tom Goreau president of The Global Coral Reef Alliance.. �At a time when reefs are showing the effects of multiple stresses, any activities that would cause any further damage could irreversibly degrade the reef ecosystem and damage local fisheries.� These findings are documented in a new report by Cry of the Water and the Global Coral Reef Alliance titled "Reef Protection in Broward County, Florida" (see www.cryofthewater.org). Research teams conducted dives for the past year to map uncharted coral colonies in and near the impact area of the proposed dredge and fill project to temporarily widen local beaches. Ft. Lauderdale's remaining coral reefs can continue to support major diving and fishing industries, and protect the coast for years to come if not further damaged by massive dredging projects. �It is time that we take a common sense approach to marine resource management in Broward County. To damage or destroy the reefs that currently protect the shore line will only move us further away from our goal of sustainable coastal management.� said Dan Clark, President of Cry of the Water. The report, color photographs of the reef, and a short excerpt from the accompanying video can be viewed at www.cryofthewater.org ===== Cry of the Water P.O. Box 8143 Coral Springs, FL 33075 reefteam2@yahoo.com visit our web site athttp://cryofthewater.org __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 24 11:59:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA08770; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 11:59:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA03321; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 15:55:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003305; Fri, 24 Aug 01 15:55:06 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIL8IR00.OJ7 for ; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 15:52:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIL8XB00.FP5; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 16:00:47 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA22032; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 16:00:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAd4aybR; Fri, 24 Aug 01 16:00:46 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA23898 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 19:55:26 GMT Received: from sargasso.bbsr.edu (sargasso.bbsr.edu [209.27.142.227]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA23648 for ; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 15:55:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [198.116.28.128] ([198.116.28.128]) by sargasso.bbsr.edu (8.9.0/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA18241; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 16:54:40 -0300 (ADT) Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <3B80768E.567EDFF7@noaa.gov> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Fri, 24 Aug 2001 16:58:06 -0300 To: "Alan E Strong" From: Jo Pitt Subject: Re: Bermuda Bleaching? Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 765 >Hello Bermuda....our Bleaching Indices Page: > >http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html > >shows Bermuda has reached critical SST levels during the past weekend >and bleaching is expected from excessive thermal stress....feedback >appreciated. With the solar zenith lowering each day these conditions >should ease soon. > Hello Alan and other listers The Benthic Ecology lab at BBSR has been out over the past week doing a variety of surveys on inshore, nearshore, mid-platform and platform edge reefs. We did keep an eye out for any signs of bleaching, and I am happy to report that none were observed. The week's weather has been fairly poor (cloudy / windy / rainy at intervals in the way that only Bermuda weather can) since that very hot and sunny weekend, and this may have helped dissipate any overly warm surface waters. Jo Joanna Pitt, Ph.D. Benthic Ecology Lab Bermuda Biological Station for Research 17 Biological Station Lane Ferry Reach, GE 01 Bermuda phone: +441 2971880 ext 242 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 24 19:32:20 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA12422; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 19:32:19 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA07581; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 23:28:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007567; Fri, 24 Aug 01 23:28:37 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GILTIM00.LK9 for ; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 23:25:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GILTX600.LXR; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 23:34:18 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA23339; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 23:34:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAGua4KT; Fri, 24 Aug 01 23:34:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA24550 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 03:28:35 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f233.law8.hotmail.com [216.33.241.233]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA24272 for ; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 23:28:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Fri, 24 Aug 2001 20:27:53 -0700 Received: from 64.12.104.37 by lw8fd.law8.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 03:27:52 GMT X-Originating-IP: [64.12.104.37] From: "megan berkle" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Hermodice? Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2001 03:27:52 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 25 Aug 2001 03:27:53.0030 (UTC) FILETIME=[EC9C1660:01C12D15] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 766
Hello Everyone:

Is anyone studying reproduction or predation of Hermodice carunculata? I am interested in doing my thesis project on the affects this worm has on Acropora cervicornis in South Florida.

Thanks,

Megan Berkle

Graduate Student

Nova Southeastern University

Ft. Lauderdale, Florida

Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com
~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 25 04:59:47 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA14708; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 04:59:47 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA10301; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 08:56:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010291; Sat, 25 Aug 01 08:55:57 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIMJS600.AMU for ; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 08:52:54 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIMK6R00.M0D; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 09:01:39 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA17360; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 09:01:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAR9ay5H; Sat, 25 Aug 01 09:01:38 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA19629 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 12:50:37 GMT Received: from snipe.mail.pas.earthlink.net (snipe.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.120.62]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA19607 for ; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 08:50:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [165.247.182.144] (user-2ivfdkg.dialup.mindspring.com [165.247.182.144]) by snipe.mail.pas.earthlink.net (8.11.5/8.9.3) with ESMTP id f7PCoLB20438 for ; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 05:50:21 -0700 (PDT) Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2001 08:51:56 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "James M. Cervino" Subject: Important Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1213378576==_ma============" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 767 --============_-1213378576==_ma============ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" CRY OF THE WATER, THE GLOBAL CORAL REEF ALLIANCE, AND PUBLIC EMPLOYEES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY Press Release FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Dan Clark, Cry of the Water, 954-753-9737 Thursday, August 23, 2001 Jessica Vallette Revere, PEER, 202-265-7337 ANCIENT REEF THREATENED BY DREDGE PROJECT Reef Protection Report Released to Document and Save Northernmost Coral Reef Ft. Lauderdale, FL - Cry of the Water, a coral reef monitoring group in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, has documented unexpectedly high coral cover and coral reef species diversity off the Broward County shoreline in an area that is now threatened by a massive dredge and fill project. Prior surveys of the area have missed or underestimated the size and extent of large stands of staghorn coral reef and ancient coral colonies that are found close to shore. Further, early agency planning documents repeatedly stated that the 3 million cubic yard dredging project using 7 offshore dredge sites would not significantly impact the reefs of Ft. Lauderdale. The best shallow reefs in Ft. Lauderdale are close to the burial area. Over 25 acres of shallow essential fish habitat, hard bottom and coral, will be directly buried and many more acres will also be indirectly affected. These reefs contain more then 1/2 of all the coral species found in the Caribbean and some coral colonies are between 500 and 1000 years old. "Killing or damaging the last remaining good shallow reefs in east Florida by dredging and filling would by like dynamiting the last giant redwood stand" said Dr. Tom Goreau president of The Global Coral Reef Alliance.. "At a time when reefs are showing the effects of multiple stresses, any activities that would cause any further damage could irreversibly degrade the reef ecosystem and damage local fisheries." These findings are documented in a new report by Cry of the Water and the Global Coral Reef Alliance titled "Reef Protection in Broward County, Florida" (see www.cryofthewater.org). Research teams conducted dives for the past year to map uncharted coral colonies in and near the impact area of the proposed dredge and fill project to temporarily widen local beaches. Ft. Lauderdale's remaining coral reefs can continue to support major diving and fishing industries, and protect the coast for years to come if not further damaged by massive dredging projects. "It is time that we take a common sense approach to marine resource management in Broward County. To damage or destroy the reefs that currently protect the shore line will only move us further away from our goal of sustainable coastal management." said Dan Clark, President of Cry of the Water. -30- The report, color photographs of the reef, and a short excerpt from the accompanying video can be viewed at www.cryofthewater.org. -- ************************************ James M. Cervino PhD. Program Marine Science Program University of South Carolina (803) 996-6470 e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net ************************************* --============_-1213378576==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Important

CRY OF THE WATER, THE GLOBAL CORAL REEF ALLIANCE, AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYEES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Press Release

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE                       Contact: Dan Clark, Cry of the Water, 954-753-9737
Thursday, August 23, 2001                              Jessica Vallette Revere, PEER, 202-265-7337

ANCIENT REEF THREATENED BY DREDGE PROJECT
Reef Protection Report Released to Document and Save Northernmost Coral Reef

Ft. Lauderdale, FL - Cry of the Water, a coral reef monitoring group in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, has documented unexpectedly high coral cover and coral reef species diversity off the Broward County shoreline in an area that is now threatened by a massive dredge and fill project.

Prior surveys of the area have missed or underestimated the size and extent of large stands of staghorn coral reef and ancient coral colonies that are found close to shore. Further, early agency planning documents repeatedly stated that the 3 million cubic yard dredging project using 7 offshore dredge sites would not significantly impact the reefs of Ft. Lauderdale.

The best shallow reefs in Ft. Lauderdale are close to the burial area. Over 25 acres of shallow essential fish habitat, hard bottom and coral, will be directly buried and many more acres will also be indirectly affected. These reefs contain more then 1/2 of all the coral species found in the Caribbean and some coral colonies are between 500 and 1000 years old.

"Killing or damaging the last remaining good shallow reefs in east Florida by dredging and filling would by like dynamiting the last giant redwood stand" said Dr. Tom Goreau president of The Global Coral Reef Alliance.. "At a time when reefs are showing the effects of multiple stresses, any activities that would cause any further damage could irreversibly degrade the reef ecosystem and damage local fisheries."

These findings are documented in a new report by Cry of the Water and the Global Coral Reef Alliance titled "Reef Protection in Broward County, Florida" (see www.cryofthewater.org). Research teams conducted dives for the past year to map uncharted coral colonies in and near the impact area of the proposed dredge and fill project to temporarily widen local beaches. Ft. Lauderdale's remaining coral reefs can continue to support major diving and fishing industries, and protect the coast for years to come if not further damaged by massive dredging projects.

"It is time that we take a common sense approach to marine resource management in Broward County. To damage or destroy the reefs that currently protect the shore line will only move us further away from our goal of sustainable coastal management." said Dan Clark, President of Cry of the Water.

-30-

The report, color photographs of the reef, and a short excerpt from the accompanying video can be viewed at www.cryofthewater.org.

--

************************************
James M. Cervino
PhD. Program
Marine Science Program
University of South Carolina
(803) 996-6470
e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net
*************************************
--============_-1213378576==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Aug 25 13:45:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA16968; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 13:45:30 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA13157; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 17:41:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013153; Sat, 25 Aug 01 17:41:48 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIN84L00.4JI for ; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 17:38:45 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIN8J600.J7F; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 17:47:30 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA02399; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 17:47:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAYZaWRe; Sat, 25 Aug 01 17:47:28 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA26126 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 21:35:52 GMT Received: from web14505.mail.yahoo.com (web14505.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.224.68]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA26119 for ; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 17:35:40 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010825213539.19723.qmail@web14505.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [200.24.96.54] by web14505.mail.yahoo.com; Sat, 25 Aug 2001 14:35:39 PDT Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2001 14:35:39 -0700 (PDT) From: Roberto Pardo Subject: Re: World Atlas of Coral Reefs To: Mark Spalding , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 768 Dear Dr. Spalding. Our organization working on establish protected areas and marine conservation projects. As a matter of fact we have a project to establish a Marine Protected Area in Malaga bay (Colombian Pacific coast) to protect an important ecosystems and species like mangroves and humpback whales and coral reefs in the Gorgona National Park. Our work also is with the communities and schools of the area to improve the conservation of this environments through the environmental education programs. For this reason we are interested obtain the the World Atlas of Coral Reefs. We are sure that this help us in our projects. Unfortunately due our finnacial crisis its imposible to buy it. All the money here is to our internal war not for the environment so we ask your support. Thanks again and Best regards, Roberto Roberto Pardo Angel Marine Biologist and Environmental Educator Gorgona National Park Carrera 47 No. 3A - 31 Barrio El Lido P.O. Box 26513 Cali, Colombia, South America E-mail: robepardoa@yahoo.com --- Mark Spalding wrote: > The UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre has > just completed the first ever "World Atlas of Coral > Reefs". Details about the book can be found on our > web-site on www.unep-wcmc.org/marine/coralatlas/ > > Official launch on 11 Sept, but you can already > order the book from the University of California > Press (and Amazon etc). > > There will not be a full electronic version of the > Atlas, however we are hopeful that much of the > underlying map and statistical data from the Atlas > will be available on the ReefBase web-site by the > end of the year. > > We still have a small number of copies which are > being sent, free-of-charge, to active conservation > programmes and libraries in developing countries. > Send a short description describing the work of the > organisation, its need for the book, and financial > constraints. > > Mark Spalding, PhD > Senior Marine Ecologist > UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre > www.unep-wcmc.org > 219 Huntingdon Road > Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 > Cambridge, CB3 0DL > Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 > UK > e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org > > > --------------------------------------------------------------- > This E-mail and any attachments are private, > intended solely for > the use of the addressee. If you are not the > intended recipient, > they have been sent to you in error: any use of > information in > them is strictly prohibited. > > The employer reserves the right to monitor the > content of > the message and any reply received. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to > coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on > Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ===== %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Roberto Pardo Angel % % Marine Biologist and Environmental Educator % % P.O.BOX 26513 % % Cali, Colombia - South America % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 26 04:59:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA20151; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 04:59:58 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA16524; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 08:56:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016516; Sun, 26 Aug 01 08:56:17 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIOEGQ00.4JS for ; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 08:53:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIOERI00.R8Z; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 05:59:42 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA21824; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 05:59:42 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA3sa4NQ; Sun, 26 Aug 01 05:59:41 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA27868 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 12:52:37 GMT Received: from harrier.mail.pas.earthlink.net (harrier.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.121.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA27822 for ; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 08:52:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [165.247.173.61] (user-2ivfb9t.dialup.mindspring.com [165.247.173.61]) by harrier.mail.pas.earthlink.net (EL-8_9_3_3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA04823 for ; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 05:52:25 -0700 (PDT) Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2001 08:53:59 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "James M. Cervino" Subject: Contact Info Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1213292054==_ma============" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 769 --============_-1213292054==_ma============ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Regarding the post on Sat, 25 Aug 2001 08:51:56 -0400 Titled "cry of the water" Please contact the peoples directly involved in this project, as I posted this for a friend. You can contact the project manager at: Dan Clark, Cry of the Water, 954-753-9737 or, reefteam2@yahoo.com Dr Goreau is in Panama with phone or e-mail contact and will be back in mid-September. Dr TJ Goreau goreau@bestweb.net -- ************************************ James M. Cervino PhD. Program Marine Science Program University of South Carolina (803) 996-6470 e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net ************************************* --============_-1213292054==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Contact Info
Regarding the post on Sat, 25 Aug 2001 08:51:56 -0400 Titled "cry of the water"

Please contact the peoples directly involved in this project, as I posted this for a friend.

You can contact the project manager at:

Dan Clark, Cry of the Water, 954-753-9737 or, reefteam2@yahoo.com

Dr Goreau is in Panama with phone or e-mail contact and will be back in mid-September.

Dr TJ Goreau goreau@bestweb.net

--

************************************
James M. Cervino
PhD. Program
Marine Science Program
University of South Carolina
(803) 996-6470
e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net
*************************************
--============_-1213292054==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Aug 26 09:55:41 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA21763; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 09:55:40 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA18825; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 13:52:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018821; Sun, 26 Aug 01 13:51:55 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIOS5G00.NK3 for ; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 13:48:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIOSG800.ODA; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 10:55:20 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA28710; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 10:55:20 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAx3aOe4; Sun, 26 Aug 01 10:55:19 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA28339 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 26 Aug 2001 17:48:38 GMT Message-Id: <200108261748.RAA28339@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2001 10:05:56 -0700 (PDT) From: Susan Theodosiou To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: 1997-98 ENSO Special Issue of Bulletin of Marine Science Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 770 First Announcement: ORDER NOW!! Bulletin of Marine Science - 50th Anniversary A Collection of Studies on the Effects of the 1997-98 El Ni�o-Southern Oscillation Event in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Guest Editors: Scientific Editor: Peter W. Glynn Managing Editor: Susan B. Colley Vol. 69, No. 1, July 2001 This 50th Anniversary Special Issue of the Bulletin of Marine Science is now available by order. The nearly 300-page volume is comprised of 16 papers including: * 3 studies focusing on temperature record comparisons between the 1982-83 and 1997-98 ENSO events, including satellite and in situ sources and a comparison of coral bleaching thresholds. * 7 studies examining 1997-98 warming effects on corals and coral reefs at several locations in the equatorial eastern Pacific, ranging from Ecuador to Costa Rica including the Gal�pagos Islands. * 3 studies of ENSO effects on corals in M�xico. * 2 modeling studies on reef carbonate budgets and population dynamics of corals in upwelling and nonupwelling environments. * 2 papers dealing with responses of Panamanian corals to experimentally elevated temperatures, comparing upwelling and nonupwelling environments and branching and massive coral species. * 1 study of the recruitment of larval fishes to Baj� California and the Gal�pagos Islands. Single copy, printed version, including shipping charges (overseas by air mail)-$35.00 USD each. CD versions of this 50th Anniversary Special Issue of the Bulletin of Marine Science are $35.00 USD, including shipping charges(overseas by air mail). Orders must include format (CD or Print), number of copies, and full mailing address of recipient. Orders must include payment by check, institutional purchase orders, credit cards or international money orders made payable to the BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. Mail orders with payment to: Prof. Samuel C. Snedaker, Editor Bulletin of Marine Science Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149-1098 USA Any further questions should be directed to: Prof. Samuel C. Snedaker, Editor Bulletin of Marine Science BMS@rsmas.miami.edu __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 27 04:26:49 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA27671; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 04:26:49 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA24953; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 08:23:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024933; Mon, 27 Aug 01 08:22:57 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQ7L700.ANQ for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 08:19:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQ7ZT00.LM3; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 08:28:41 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA29410; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 08:28:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAnLaaC5; Mon, 27 Aug 01 08:28:40 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA29892 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 12:18:23 GMT Received: from ashley.cofc.edu (cofc.edu [153.9.11.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA29942 for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 08:18:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from elmo2 ([153.9.34.248]) by cofc.edu (PMDF V6.0-24 #39232) with SMTP id <01K7MEAG76LW00GY7S@cofc.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 08:17:29 -0400 (EDT) Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2001 19:50:39 -0400 From: Phillip Dustan X-Sender: dustanp@cofc.edu To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <3.0.32.20010826195039.01a326cc@cofc.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32) Content-type: text/enriched; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 771 Dear coral listers, FISH BIOLOGIST/OCEANOGRAPHER The Department of Biology, College of Charleston, invites applications for a= tenure-track position at the Assistant Professor level to begin August,= 2002. Candidates must possess a Ph.D. in the biological sciences, a strong= commitment to teaching, and an active research program with the potential= for undergraduate involvement. We are seeking a biologist who can teach= fish biology and oceanography and with occasional participation in= introductory biology courses possible. The College of Charleston is a= public liberal arts institution of 10,000 students. The College's primary= goals are teaching and research excellence. In addition to its= undergraduate programs, the department offers M.S. degrees in Marine= Biology and Environmental Studies. Information about the Biology Department= is available at http://www.cofc.edu/~biology. Applicants should submit a= curriculum vitae, statement of teaching and research interests, copies of= relevant publications, and three letters of reference by October 31, 2001= to: Chair, Department of Biology, Fish Biologist Search Committee, College= of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424. The College of Charleston is an Equal= Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer and encourages applications from= women and minorities. PLEASE NOTE NEW EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW -------------------------------------------------------------------- Phillip Dustan =09 Department of Biology =20 College of Charleston =20 Charleston SC 29424 =09 dustanp@cofc.edu www.cofc.edu/~coral/corallab.htm (843) 953-8086 (843)953-5453 Fax ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 27 09:06:25 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA05141; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 09:06:24 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA03415; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:02:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003405; Mon, 27 Aug 01 13:02:42 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQKJH00.NLU for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 12:59:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQKY200.KXQ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:08:26 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA10467; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:08:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASLaOBu; Mon, 27 Aug 01 13:08:25 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA01058 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 17:02:38 GMT Received: from dorsey.1.fcc.net (new-dorsey.fcc.net [207.198.253.124]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA01057 for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:02:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [216.25.202.79] by dorsey.1.fcc.net with SMTP id <20010827155939.VCLZ329.dorsey@[216.25.202.79]>; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 11:59:39 -0400 Subject: Re: Important Date: Mon, 27 Aug 01 11:57:59 -0400 x-sender: sjameson@mail.wizard.net x-mailer: Claris Emailer 2.0, March 15, 1997 From: Stephen C Jameson To: "James M. Cervino" , "Coral-List" Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Message-Id: <20010827155939.VCLZ329.dorsey@[216.25.202.79]> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 772 Dear Coral-listers, Regarding the James Cervino email of 8/25 below: >ANCIENT REEF THREATENED BY DREDGE PROJECT >Reef Protection Report Released to Document and Save Northernmost Coral Reef > >Ft. Lauderdale, FL - Cry of the Water, a coral reef monitoring group >in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, has documented unexpectedly high coral cover >and coral reef species diversity off the Broward County shoreline in >an area that is now threatened by a massive dredge and fill project. If one is not enough, I am working with a team on an unbiased (third party) EIS for the Calypso natural gas pipeline that is proposed to run between Ft. Lauderdale and Freeport, Grand Bahama. I am in the process of collecting the marine and coastal information. If anyone has issues or concerns they want to share with me please feel free to contact me. . Best regards, Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management 4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA 20198-1715 USA Office: 703-754-8690, Fax: 703-754-9139 Email: sjameson@coralseas.com Web Site: www.coralseas.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 27 09:38:49 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA05931; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 09:38:48 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA04387; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:35:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004368; Mon, 27 Aug 01 13:34:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQM0F00.POA for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:31:27 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQMB700.9VD; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 10:37:55 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA01631; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 10:37:54 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAOyaWld; Mon, 27 Aug 01 10:37:54 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA01156 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 17:36:07 GMT Received: from pdc_peer.east.verio.net (cd-148-116.ra30.dc.capu.net [64.50.148.116]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA01152 for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:35:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: by PDC_PEER with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:39:59 -0400 Message-ID: <79C412F309FCD311B7B3009027DE4EAB123D42@PDC_PEER> From: Dan Meyer To: "'Stephen C Jameson'" , "'James M. Cervino'" , "'Coral-List'" Subject: On the Listserv! Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:39:57 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----_=_NextPart_000_01C12F1F.4A4FAFB4" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 773 This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. ------_=_NextPart_000_01C12F1F.4A4FAFB4 Content-Type: text/plain Dear Coral-listers: I subscribe to the list, and PEER has been assisting Cry the Water on the Broward County/Ancient reef matter as a part of our Oceans Initiative, of which I am the Director. Contact me if you have questions. Dan Meyer, General Counsel Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility 2001 S Street, N.W. - Suite 570 Washington, D.C. 20009 Tele: (202) 265.7337 Facs: (202) 265.4192 E/ml: dmeyer@peer.org The preceding E-mail message contains information that is confidential, may be protected by the attorney/client or other applicable privileges, and may constitute non-public information. It is intended to be conveyed only to the designated recipient(s). If you are not an intended recipient of this message, please notify the sender at (202) 265.7337. Unauthorized use, dissemination, distribution, or reproduction of this message is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Stephen C Jameson Sent: Monday, August 27, 2001 11:58 AM To: James M. Cervino; Coral-List Subject: Re: Important Dear Coral-listers, Regarding the James Cervino email of 8/25 below: >ANCIENT REEF THREATENED BY DREDGE PROJECT >Reef Protection Report Released to Document and Save Northernmost Coral Reef > >Ft. Lauderdale, FL - Cry of the Water, a coral reef monitoring group >in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, has documented unexpectedly high coral cover >and coral reef species diversity off the Broward County shoreline in >an area that is now threatened by a massive dredge and fill project. If one is not enough, I am working with a team on an unbiased (third party) EIS for the Calypso natural gas pipeline that is proposed to run between Ft. Lauderdale and Freeport, Grand Bahama. I am in the process of collecting the marine and coastal information. If anyone has issues or concerns they want to share with me please feel free to contact me. .. Best regards, Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management 4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA 20198-1715 USA Office: 703-754-8690, Fax: 703-754-9139 Email: sjameson@coralseas.com Web Site: www.coralseas.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ------_=_NextPart_000_01C12F1F.4A4FAFB4 Content-Type: application/octet-stream; name="Dan Meyer.vcf" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Dan Meyer.vcf" BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:2.1 N:Meyer;Dan FN:Dan Meyer EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:dmeyer@peer.org REV:20000809T201241Z END:VCARD ------_=_NextPart_000_01C12F1F.4A4FAFB4-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Aug 27 10:02:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA06322; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 10:01:59 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA04947; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:58:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004930; Mon, 27 Aug 01 13:57:35 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQN2X00.QOC for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:54:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIQNDO00.H01; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 11:01:00 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA04878; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 11:01:00 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXNaGHj; Mon, 27 Aug 01 11:00:59 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA01214 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 17:59:09 GMT Received: from mail1.panix.com (mail1.panix.com [166.84.0.212]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA01210 for ; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:58:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from panix3.panix.com (panix3.panix.com [166.84.1.3]) by mail1.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 95EED48714; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:58:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by panix3.panix.com (8.11.6/8.8.8/PanixN1.0) with ESMTP id f7RHwtV01329; Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:58:55 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: panix3.panix.com: cbingman owned process doing -bs Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2001 13:58:55 -0400 (EDT) From: Craig Bingman To: Steve Segura Cc: , Subject: Re: Caulerpa toxifolia 'killer algae' In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 774 For starters, it is Caulerpa taxifolia, not toxifolia. If you do a google search on the correct name, you will find names and contact information for a number of people who are studying the algae. If you search on toxifolia, you wind up looking at the products of the fevered imaginings of a lot of journalists who don't even know how to spell the name of the organism. -- cbingman@panix.com http://fpage1.ba.best.com/~cbingman > >>> "tim ecott" 08/15/01 09:12AM >>> > Hello Coral listers, > I know it's not strictly coral but can anyone put me in touch with anyone > who can give me the latest info on the spread of the marine algae Caulerpa > toxifolia. I'm writing it up for a UK magazine and am keen to find a map > showing Mediterranean distribution.I'd like to talk to anyone who's doing > research on the organism. > > tim ecott > tel (44) 208 607 9436 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 28 05:45:58 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA18935; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 05:45:57 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA19496; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 09:42:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019483; Tue, 28 Aug 01 09:41:29 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIS5W300.9P9 for ; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 09:38:27 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIS6AN00.8HA; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 09:47:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07209; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 09:47:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA7eaaco; Tue, 28 Aug 01 09:47:09 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA03107 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 13:37:52 GMT Message-Id: <200108281337.NAA03107@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2001 09:12:21 -0400 From: Frank Muller-Karger To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Commission on Ocean Policy Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 775 Please distribute widely: (See Three Items Below, text posted by CORE) I. OCEAN COMMISSION TO MEET ON SEPTEMBER 17 AND 18 II. FINAL CALL FOR OCEAN COMMISSION STAFF SUGGESTIONS III. SEARCH FOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR COMMISSION ON OCEAN POLICY I. OCEAN COMMISSION TO MEET ON SEPTEMBER 17 AND 18 The recently appointed Commission on Ocean Policy will host its first public meeting on Monday and Tuesday, September 17 and 18, 2001. The meeting will begin at 10 a.m. on September 17, and conclude at 5 p.m. The Commission will reconvene at 9 a.m. on September 18 and meet until 5p.m. The meeting will be held in the U.S. Department of Commerce auditorium, Herbert C. Hoover Building, 14th Street and Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC. The agenda will include welcoming remarks, an overview of the Oceans Act, discussion of the Commission's responsibilities, and organizing the efforts of the Commission. Further information is available on the web at: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leavingFR.html&log=linklog&to=http://oceancommission.gov or at: http://oceancommission.gov/. The website will be available on or before Friday, September 7, 2001. If you have questions, contact: Glenn Boledovich, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East-West Highway, SSMC 4, Room 13313, Silver Spring, MD 20910, 301-713-3070 ext. 193, or Glenn.Boledovich@noaa.gov II. FINAL CALL FOR OCEAN COMMISSION STAFF SUGGESTIONS Now that the membership of the Oceans Commission has been announced, it becomes critical that CORE institutions look for and encourage qualified personnel to consider applying for positions on the Oceans Commission staff. It goes without saying that a highly qualified staff will be an important prerequisite for a successful Oceans Commission outcome. As the central clearing house for community information, we are building a roster of people who would be interested in serving and are prepared to pass that information to the Oceans Commission members for their consideration when the staffing process begins. We strongly encourage and recommend that all CORE institutions look for personnel who are interested in serving on the Commission on Ocean Policy in a staff position. Please forward their names and resumes to CORE Headquarters as soon as possible. Resumes should be sent to Vicky Carroll at vcarroll@COREocean.org III. SEARCH FOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR COMMISSION ON OCEAN POLICY The Commission on Ocean Policy, as authorized under the Oceans Act of 2000 and as appointed by President George W. Bush on July 3, 2001, is seeking an Executive Director to oversee all aspects of the Commission's operations. Under the terms of the Oceans Act, "the Chairman of the Commission may, without regard to the civil service laws and regulations, appoint and terminate an Executive Director. The employment the Executive Director shall be subject to confirmation by a majority of the members of the Commission." This is an executive, senior management position requiring expertise in budget oversight, fiscal responsibility, management of staff, contract oversight, and oral and written communication. Expertise managing major projects involving large quantities of information and production of timely reports is required. Specific knowledge of national ocean law, policy, administration, program organization, natural resource management, and oceanography and marine sciences is desirable. This is a temporary position lasting about 18 to 24 months. The Executive Director will work in the Commission's offices in the Washington, DC, area. Applicants should be prepared to begin work this October. Salary is negotiable depending on experience. Applications must be postmarked by Friday, September 7, 2001. R�sum�'s or curriculum vitae, along with a statement of interest and qualifications of no more than 750 words, should be sent to: Philip A. Cooney, Chief of Staff Council on Environmental Quality Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Room 360 Washington, DC, 20503 or by fax to (202) 456-2710. This is a receiving address only. No other contacts or inquiries please. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Aug 28 12:42:06 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA28484; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 12:42:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA00750; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:38:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000735; Tue, 28 Aug 01 16:38:20 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GISP6T00.CO1 for ; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:35:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GISPHL00.FRD; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 13:41:45 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA14556; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 13:41:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAClayBC; Tue, 28 Aug 01 13:41:44 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA04038 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 20:39:07 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA04030 for ; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:38:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA00639; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:35:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000560; Tue, 28 Aug 01 16:35:13 -0400 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA28207; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 12:38:50 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id QAA16568 for ; Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:34:56 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:34:56 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: Tragic News Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 776 It is my sad duty to report that one of our coral-listers, Mary Roche, who also used to work for us here at NOAA/AOML, has perished. She was a very cheerful, vivacious, nice lady who was quite the adventurous sort. Those of us who knew her will miss her. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2001 10:32:09 -0400 From: Jim Happell To: info@rsmas.miami.edu Subject: INFO: Mary Roche I just received some bad news. Mary Roche, my graduate student, was killed yesterday while hiking in New Mexico. She apparently lost her footing and fell into a canyon. I will keep everyone informed about viewing and funeral arrangements. ****************************************************** Jim Happell University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Director, Tritium Laboratory 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy Miami, FL 33149 E-Mail: jhappell@rsmas.miami.edu Homepage http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/groups/tritium Phone: 305-361-4111 (Lab-4119, Fax-4112) Fax: 305-361-4112 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 29 00:24:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id AAA03845; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 00:24:45 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA07342; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 04:21:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007338; Wed, 29 Aug 01 04:20:49 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GITLPM00.7RZ for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 04:17:47 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GITM0G00.72H; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 01:24:16 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA29243; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 01:24:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmYaih5; Wed, 29 Aug 01 01:24:15 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id IAA04562 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 08:20:35 GMT Received: from mx0.gmx.net (mx0.gmx.net [213.165.64.100]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id EAA04649 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 04:20:06 -0400 (EDT) From: corales@gmx.ch Received: (qmail 7705 invoked by uid 0); 29 Aug 2001 08:19:32 -0000 Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 10:19:32 +0200 (MEST) To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <200108290400.EAA04496@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Subject: Re: coral-list-daily V2 #202 X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-Authenticated-Sender: #0011953210@gmx.net X-Authenticated-IP: [130.60.132.113] Message-ID: <27099.999073172@www3.gmx.net> X-Mailer: WWW-Mail 1.5 (Global Message Exchange) X-Flags: 0001 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id IAA04562 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 777 Hola Fernando Espero que te encuentres bien. Te cuento que todos los dias recibo de www.coral.noaa.gov mas o menos buena informacion de invesigadores de co= rales. Ya que hay una reunion en Washington, quisiera preguntarte si vas a particip= ar en ella. Si es asi, cuentame como fue. De Zuleika se que estuviste en La Habana por solo dos dias y no tuviste tiempo para verla. Que lastima tan bella que es la muchacha. Cuando iras = la proxima vez a Cuba? Yo no se, quizas ire antes otra vez a Miami, pero eso= depende del trabajo. Estoy de momento en el Museo Zoologico, hacemos un libro peq= ueno de las estrellas de mar del Mediterraneo Europeo. Hasta pronto=20 Walter > coral-list-daily Wednesday, August 29 2001 Volume 02 : Number > 202 >=20 >=20 >=20 > Commission on Ocean Policy > Tragic News >=20 > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- >=20 > Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2001 09:12:21 -0400 > From: Frank Muller-Karger > Subject: Commission on Ocean Policy >=20 > Please distribute widely: >=20 > (See Three Items Below, text posted by CORE) >=20 > I. OCEAN COMMISSION TO MEET ON SEPTEMBER 17 AND 18 > II. FINAL CALL FOR OCEAN COMMISSION STAFF SUGGESTIONS > III. SEARCH FOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR COMMISSION ON > OCEAN POLICY >=20 > I. OCEAN COMMISSION TO MEET ON SEPTEMBER 17 AND 18 >=20 > The recently appointed Commission on Ocean Policy will host its first > public meeting on Monday and Tuesday, September 17 and 18, 2001. The > meeting will begin at 10 a.m. on September 17, and conclude at 5 p.m. T= he > Commission will reconvene at 9 a.m. on September 18 and meet until 5p.m. > The meeting will be held in the U.S. Department of Commerce auditorium, > Herbert C. Hoover Building, 14th Street and Constitution Ave., NW, > Washington, DC. The agenda will include welcoming remarks, an overview= of > the Oceans Act, discussion of the Commission's responsibilities, and > organizing the efforts of the Commission. >=20 > Further information is available on the web at: > http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=3DleavingFR.html= &log=3Dlinklog&to=3Dhttp://oceancommission.gov >=20 > or at: http://oceancommission.gov/. The website will be available on o= r > before Friday, September 7, 2001. If you have questions, contact: Glen= n > Boledovich, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 > East-West Highway, SSMC 4, Room 13313, Silver Spring, MD 20910, > 301-713-3070 > ext. 193, or Glenn.Boledovich@noaa.gov >=20 >=20 > II. FINAL CALL FOR OCEAN COMMISSION STAFF SUGGESTIONS >=20 > Now that the membership of the Oceans Commission has been announced, it > becomes critical that CORE institutions look for and encourage qualifie= d > personnel to consider applying for positions on the Oceans Commission > staff. It goes without saying that a highly qualified staff will be an > important prerequisite for a successful Oceans Commission outcome. As = the > central clearing house for community information, we are building a ros= ter > of people who would be interested in serving and are prepared to pass t= hat > information to the Oceans Commission members for their consideration wh= en > the staffing process begins. We strongly encourage and recommend that = all > CORE institutions look for personnel who are interested in serving on t= he > Commission on Ocean Policy in a staff position. Please forward their > names and resumes to CORE Headquarters as soon as possible. Resumes sho= uld > be sent to Vicky Carroll at vcarroll@COREocean.org >=20 >=20 > III. SEARCH FOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR COMMISSION ON OCEAN POLICY >=20 > The Commission on Ocean Policy, as authorized under the Oceans Act of 2= 000 > and as appointed by President George W. Bush on July 3, 2001, is seekin= g > an Executive Director to oversee all aspects of the Commission's > operations. Under the terms of the Oceans Act, "the Chairman of the > Commission may, without regard to the civil service laws and regulation= s, > appoint and terminate an Executive Director. The employment the Execut= ive > Director shall be subject to confirmation by a majority of the members = of > the Commission." This is an executive, senior management position > requiring expertise in budget oversight, fiscal responsibility, managem= ent > of staff, contract oversight, and oral and written communication. > Expertise managing major projects involving large quantities of > information and production of timely reports is required. Specific > knowledge of national ocean law, policy, administration, program > organization, natural resource management, and oceanography and marine > sciences is desirable. This is a temporary position lasting about 18 t= o > 24 months. The Executive Director will work in the Commission's offices= in > the Washington, DC, area. Applicants should be prepared to begin work > this October. Salary is negotiable depending on experience. Application= s > must be postmarked by Friday, September 7, 2001. R=E9sum=E9's or curric= ulum > vitae, along with a statement of interest and qualifications of no more > than 750 words, should be sent to: >=20 > Philip A. Cooney, Chief of Staff > Council on Environmental Quality > Eisenhower Executive Office > Building, Room 360 > Washington, DC, 20503 or by fax to (202) 456-2710. >=20 > This is a receiving address only. No other contacts or inquiries please. >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >=20 > ------------------------------ >=20 > Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2001 16:34:56 -0400 (EDT) > From: Jim Hendee > Subject: Tragic News >=20 > It is my sad duty to report that one of our coral-listers, Mary Roche, = who > also used to work for us here at NOAA/AOML, has perished. She was a ve= ry > cheerful, vivacious, nice lady who was quite the adventurous sort. Tho= se > of us who knew her will miss her. >=20 > - ---------- Forwarded message ---------- > Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2001 10:32:09 -0400 > From: Jim Happell > To: info@rsmas.miami.edu > Subject: INFO: Mary Roche >=20 >=20 > I just received some bad news. Mary Roche, my graduate student, was kil= led > yesterday while hiking in New Mexico. She apparently lost her footing a= nd > fell into a canyon. I will keep everyone informed about viewing and > funeral arrangements. >=20 >=20 > ****************************************************** > Jim Happell > University of Miami > Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science > Director, Tritium Laboratory > 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy > Miami, FL 33149 > E-Mail: jhappell@rsmas.miami.edu > Homepage http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/groups/tritium > Phone: 305-361-4111 (Lab-4119, Fax-4112) > Fax: 305-361-4112 >=20 > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >=20 > ------------------------------ >=20 > End of coral-list-daily V2 #202 > ******************************* >=20 > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >=20 --=20 GMX - Die Kommunikationsplattform im Internet. http://www.gmx.net ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 29 03:43:02 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA05057; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 03:43:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA08978; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 07:39:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008974; Wed, 29 Aug 01 07:38:52 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GITUVP00.HPQ for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 07:35:49 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GITV6I00.F2J; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 04:42:18 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA12056; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 04:42:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_Sa4Ix; Wed, 29 Aug 01 04:42:17 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA05386 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 11:38:58 GMT Message-Id: <200108291138.LAA05386@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 07:08:00 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee To: Coral-List Subject: The Scourge Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 778 Ladies & Gentlemen, Most of you have no doubt been the victim of one type of computer virus or worm or other design by malefactors in cyberspace. It may be that some of these criminals have retrieved your email address from posted coral-list messages, but I don't think anyone has ever retrieved the entire list of coral-list subscribers from the coral workstation at AOML (knock-on-wood). Coral-list is now closed to automated "subscribe" requests so that I can screen names that may look suspicious (like "homicide@hotmail.com"--not very coral-sounding or personal, is it?). I have also restricted the size of messages that can be sent (without approval) by subscribers so that large executables can not be sent via some of these email accounts that are sometimes easy to get anonymously (e.g., hotmail, yahoo and msn accounts). I would just like to remind you to keep these things in mind: * If you get an attachment from someone you don't know, especially if you can see that the file suffix ends in .exe or .htm concatenated to the end of another filename (e.g., letter.doc.htm), do not open it. When in doubt, simply answer the message (without re-attaching the file), and say, "What was that file you sent me, and who are you?" * Get a virus-checker, and if at all possible, subscribe to an automated virus update company. * Make routine backups of your work, or better yet, automate it. Remember, though, to have backups on different tapes or disks so that you don't backup the virus, then restore it! Ask your systems administrator about different backup strategies. Take care... Cheers, Jim ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 29 10:44:18 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA13183; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 10:44:18 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA18697; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:40:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018682; Wed, 29 Aug 01 14:40:08 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIUEDS00.B0M for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:37:04 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIUESG00.VF4; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:45:52 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA10493; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:45:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAiwaaku; Wed, 29 Aug 01 14:45:51 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA06511 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 18:27:48 GMT Received: from marconi.rtp.epa.gov (marconi.rtp.epa.gov [134.67.208.99]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA06409 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:27:32 -0400 (EDT) From: West.Jordan@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV Received: from epahub11.rtp.epa.gov (epahub11.rtp.epa.gov [134.67.213.52]) by epamail.epa.gov (PMDF V5.2-33 #42056) with ESMTP id <0GIU00NXBD3VVT@epamail.epa.gov> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:09:32 -0400 (EDT) Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:09:24 -0400 Subject: potential research funding: climate change impacts on coral reefs To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.6a January 17, 2001 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on EPAHUB11/USEPA/US(Release 5.0.6a |January 17, 2001) at 08/29/2001 02:09:26 PM Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 779 Dear Colleagues, The Global Change Research Program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is soliciting proposals from U.S. states, territories, tribes and local government agencies interested in assessing the potential impacts of climate change and variability on water quality and/or aquatic ecosystems (including coral reefs). Universities and non-profit organizations may apply for assistance under this program if they will use EPA funds to provide support to U.S. state/tribal/other local government agencies. The summary description provided below includes a website address where further documentation and forms can be obtained. **Please do not use the "reply" function to respond to this posting.** For further information, please contact: David Kelley, National Center for Environmental Assessment, by email (kelley.dave@epa.gov), phone (202-564-3263), or fax (202-564-2268). ANNOUNCING: Request for Applications WHAT: Funding for Cooperative Agreements with EPA's Global Change Research Program POTENTIAL APPLICANTS: State/Tribal/Other Local Government Agencies SUBJECT: Assess climate change impacts on water quality and aquatic ecosystems, and options that local groups (e.g., states, tribes) could use to prepare for, adapt to, and cope with these changes TITLE: A Request for Applications for Cooperative Agreements to Provide Assistance to U.S. State/Tribal/or Other Local Government Agencies to Conduct Location-Specific Assessments of the Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Aquatic Ecosystems and Water Quality WEBSITE: Information about the request for applications is available on the Global Change Research Program's website: http://www.epa.gov/globalresearch/ (Click on the newsreel and follow the instructions to download the solicitation, an application kit, and a list of resources that may be helpful to applicants.) The solicitation can also be accessed from the National Center for Environmental Assessment's website: http://www.epa.gov/ncea/about/RFA_gc1.htm. ABSTRACT: A Request for Applications for Cooperative Agreements to Provide Assistance to State/Tribal/Other Local Government Agencies to Conduct Location-Specific Assessments of the Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Aquatic Ecosystems and Water Quality The EPA's Global Change Research Program within the Office of Research and Development is issuing a "Request for Applications" (RFA) for cooperative agreements to provide assistance to state/tribal/other local government agencies to conduct location-specific assessments of the impacts of global change on aquatic ecosystems and water quality. (For the purposes of this solicitation, "local" describes any entity that operates at a smaller spatial scale than the regional or national scale. Examples include states, tribes, U.S. territories, counties, municipalities, and watersheds.) In addition, universities and non-profit organizations may apply for assistance under this program if they will use EPA funds to provide support to state/tribal/other local government agencies. Specifically, funding recipients will assess the potential effects of climate change and variability on water quality (with respect to drinking water, wastewater treatment, surface water, and/or ground water) and/or the effects on aquatic ecosystems (streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, and/or coral reefs). The purpose of these cooperative agreements is to build local capacity by providing physical resources (through cooperative agreement funding) and technical assistance necessary to conduct pilot assessment projects. These pilot projects will help groups that receive funds to develop the capacity to conduct additional assessments on their own, and will generate model methodologies and approaches that can be applied by other local authorities. Applicants are encouraged to develop cooperative relationships with other organizations, educational institutions, citizens groups, water quality authorities (e.g., water suppliers, treatment plants) and/or other non-federal governmental entities to achieve these purposes. Any transactions with such groups involving transfer of EPA funds must comply with applicable regulations. Awards are estimated to range from $25,000 to $100,000 total over a one- to three- year period. Depending on funding availability, up to approximately $300,000 will be available to fund approximately three to six awards. Applications are due no later than October 18, 2001. For further information, please contact: David Kelley, National Center for Environmental Assessment, by email (kelley.dave@epa.gov), phone (202-564-3263), or fax (202-564-2268). USE THE NCEA OR GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM WEBSITES FOR OFFICIAL VERSIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS OR CONTACT DAVE KELLEY FOR PAPER COPIES. PLEASE NOTE: 1) Regarding the last page of the solicitation, the complete Express Address is 808 17th Street, NW. The rest of the address is correct. 2) The Application file attached is quite long ( guidance, directions), you may want to request a hard-copy from Dave Kelley to fill out the Application. *************************************************************** Jordan M. West, Ph. D. AAAS/EPA Science and Engineering Fellow U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ORD/NCEA/Global Change Research Program 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue (Mail Code 8601D) Washington, DC 20460 Phone: 202/564-3384 Fax: 202/565-0075 e-mail: west.jordan@epa.gov *************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 29 14:26:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA17218; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 14:26:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA24086; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 18:22:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024071; Wed, 29 Aug 01 18:21:46 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIUON500.61T for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 18:18:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIUP1U00.13T; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 18:27:30 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA13586; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 18:27:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXKaGpA; Wed, 29 Aug 01 18:27:28 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA06884 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 22:16:39 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f111.law9.hotmail.com [64.4.9.111]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA06921 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 18:16:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 15:15:51 -0700 Received: from 65.6.121.125 by lw9fd.law9.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 22:15:50 GMT X-Originating-IP: [65.6.121.125] From: "Rocki Phillips" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: research assistance? Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 15:15:50 -0700 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 29 Aug 2001 22:15:51.0099 (UTC) FILETIME=[2988E0B0:01C130D8] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 780 Hi, My name is Rochelle Phillips. I just recently graduated from Oregon State University with BS in Environmental Science. I studied an option of Aquatic Biology mostly focusing on Marine organisms. I am currently in Denver, CO, USA, but may be moving to Curacao/Aruba with in the next couple of months. I was curious if there is any research in the area and if I could be of assistance to any one? I have experience as an intern with the Center of Shark Research at Mote Marine Laboratory in Sarasota, FL. I have also work with Dr. Bruce Menge on the Oregon Coast with his coastal ecology studies. I would like to continue my education in the marine world and would appreciate helping any one out who needed it. Thank you, Rochelle Phillips :) "Humankind has not woven the web of life. We are but one thread within it. Whatever we do to the web, we do to ourselves. All things are bound together. All things connect." --Chief Seattle, 1855 _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Aug 29 19:30:26 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA19574; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 19:30:25 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA28056; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:26:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028047; Wed, 29 Aug 01 23:25:47 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIV2PW00.E1S for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:22:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIV34K00.LYS; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:31:32 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA04031; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:31:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAARMa4Xh; Wed, 29 Aug 01 23:31:31 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA07202 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 03:21:47 GMT Received: from mailgw3.netvision.net.il (mailgw.netvision.net.il [194.90.1.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA07154 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:21:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from dafni (ras16-p16.rvt.netvision.net.il [62.0.135.145]) by mailgw3.netvision.net.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA01975 for ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:19:31 +0300 (IDT) Message-ID: <005c01c1310b$a1f0d200$9187003e@dafni> From: "jacob Dafni" To: Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:24:15 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0059_01C1311C.646572E0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 781 f`z di` decrd nxeaz glwim arivea MIME. ------=_NextPart_000_0059_01C1311C.646572E0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi All listers For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of = information: Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in = the world, and when was it formally established? Thanks for your cooperation Jacob Dafni ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ Dr. Jacob Dafni=20 P.O box 6469=20 Eilat Israel jdafni@netvision.net.il jdafni@hotmail.com http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ ------=_NextPart_000_0059_01C1311C.646572E0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hi All listers

For a forthcoming = publication, I=20 need the following piece of information:

Which was the first=20 Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and = when=20 was it formally established?

Thanks for your = cooperation

Jacob Dafni

~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<= ;=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Dr.=20 Jacob Dafni
P.O box 6469
Eilat
Israel
jdafni@netvision.net.il
jdafni@hotmail.com
http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave<= BR>~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))= ))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~

------=_NextPart_000_0059_01C1311C.646572E0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Aug 30 18:42:12 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA07117; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 18:42:11 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA17620; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 22:38:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017616; Thu, 30 Aug 01 22:38:28 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIWV7000.C44 for ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 22:35:24 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIWVHV00.QGW; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 19:41:55 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA15446; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 19:41:54 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbAaOkE; Thu, 30 Aug 01 19:41:54 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA09284 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 02:31:59 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA05948 for ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 22:31:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 21:27:51 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3E1B@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: FW: MORE DUST STUFF... Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 21:25:03 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 782 Coral-List: Just an FYI... more dust... ----------------------------- Associated Press Writer The Associated Press Wednesday, August 29, 2001 PENSACOLA, Fla. (AP) - Clouds of iron-rich dust from the Sahara Desert that blow thousands of miles across the Atlantic Ocean may trigger blooms of toxic algae known as red tide in the Gulf of Mexico, scientists said Wednesday. A study by University of South Florida researchers used satellites and ground monitoring stations to track a Saharan dust cloud in 1999 to a region between Tampa and Fort Myers where a huge bloom of red tide then erupted. The scientists believe iron in the dust causes the algae, normally present in small quantities, to grow into large concentrations that kill fish, make shellfish toxic and create respiratory problems for humans. "We're still trying to figure out if all this is true, and if it is true then we can predict it," said John J. Walsh, a USF marine science professor who co-authored the study. It appears in the September issue of the scientific journal Limnology and Oceanography. (Continued) --- On the Web: Florida Marine Research Institute: http://www.floridamarine.org Goddard Space Flight Center: http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov --- http://ap.tbo.com/ap/florida/MGASHOUNZQC.html http://www.naplesnews.com/01/08/bonita/d678651a.htm http://www.sunsentinel.com/news/local/florida/sfl-fredtide30aug30.story Red Tide bloom may drift south of Fort Myers http://www.sptimes.com/News/083001/State/Red_Tide_bloom_may_dr.shtml ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 31 11:11:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA18020; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 11:11:20 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA01454; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:07:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001444; Fri, 31 Aug 01 15:07:09 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIY4YS00.953 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:04:04 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIY59O00.S31; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 12:10:36 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA13767; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 12:10:35 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_eai4A; Fri, 31 Aug 01 12:10:35 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA00864 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 19:06:55 GMT Received: from gscamnlh01.wr.usgs.gov (gscamnlh01.wr.usgs.gov [130.118.4.115]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA00859 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:06:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [131.247.143.251] ([131.247.143.251]) by gscamnlh01.wr.usgs.gov (Lotus Domino Release 5.0.7) with ESMTP id 2001083112064012:68007 ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 12:06:40 -0700 X-Sender: eshinn@gsflstpm01.er.usgs.gov Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:06:47 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Gene Shinn Subject: Dust/red tide/coral reefs/etc X-MIMETrack: Itemize by SMTP Server on gscamnlh01/SERVER/USGS/DOI(Release 5.0.7 |March 21, 2001) at 08/31/2001 12:06:40 PM, Serialize by Router on gscamnlh01/SERVER/USGS/DOI(Release 5.0.7 |March 21, 2001) at 08/31/2001 12:06:42 PM, Serialize complete at 08/31/2001 12:06:42 PM Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 783 This website describing the link between iron in dust and red tide came out following a workshop on reef and human health effects of African dust conducted by USGS in St. Petersburg. The TOMS animation is especially interesting. Gene http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2001/ast30aug_1.htm?list85804 ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/african_dust/ | E. A. Shinn email eshinn@usgs.gov USGS Center for Coastal Geology | 600 4th St. South | voice (727) 803-8747 x3030 St.Petersburg, FL 33701 | fax (727) 803-2032 ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 31 11:27:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA18218; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 11:27:23 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA01677; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:23:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001672; Fri, 31 Aug 01 15:23:31 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIY5Q300.B5P for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:20:27 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIY64V00.UCK; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:29:19 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA00591; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:29:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwcayjb; Fri, 31 Aug 01 15:29:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA00923 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 19:25:33 GMT Received: from np003denver.nps.gov (np003denver.nps.gov [165.83.20.47]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA00911 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:25:16 -0400 (EDT) From: Tom_Schmidt@nps.gov Subject: Re: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established To: "jacob Dafni" Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.7 March 21, 2001 Message-ID: Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:21:11 -0400 X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on NP003DENVER/MTA/NPS(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 08/31/2001 01:25:09 PM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA00918 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id TAA00923 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 784 Jacob, According to the legislative history of Dry Tortugas National Park, (70 miles west of Key West, FL, USA), Fort Jefferson National Monument became the World's first marine protected area when Franklin Roosevelt signed Presidential Proclamation No. 21112 (Stat. 3430). The Monument name was changed to Dry Tortugas National Park in 1992 with management purposes to protect and interpret a "pristine subtropical marine ecosystem, with special attention to intact coral reef communities". Tom Schmidt Marine Biologist Everglades and Dry Tortugas National Parks Homestead, FL 33034 = =20 "jacob Dafni" = =20 =20 on.net.il> cc: (bcc: Tom Schmidt/EVER/= NPS) =20 Subject: When was the first= Marine =20 08/30/01 01:29 Park/Reserve established = =20 AM MDT = =20 = =20 = =20 Hi All listers For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of information: Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and when was it formally established? Thanks for your cooperation Jacob Dafni ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ Dr. Jacob Dafni P.O box 6469 Eilat Israel jdafni@netvision.net.il jdafni@hotmail.com http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Hi All listers

For a forthcoming publication= , I need the following piece of information:

Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and when was it formally established?

Thanks for your cooperation

Jacob Dafni

~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<= ;=B0))))> <~ <=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Dr. Jacob Dafni
P.O box 6469
Eilat
Israel
jdafni@netvision.net.il
jdafni@hotmail.com
http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave
~<= =B0 ))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))>< ~<=B0))))> <~<=B0))))><~

Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by ccmail.itd.nps.gov with SMTP (IMA Internet Exchange 3.13) id 00D4E002; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:50:53 -04= 00 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA07202 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 03:21:47 GMT Received: from mailgw3.netvision.net.il (mailgw.netvision.net.il [194.90.= 1.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA07154 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:21:35 -0400 (E= DT) Received: from dafni (ras16-p16.rvt.netvision.net.il [62.0.135.145]) by mailgw3.netvision.net.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA01975 for ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:19:31 +0300 (I= DT) Message-ID: <005c01c1310b$a1f0d200$9187003e@dafni> From: "jacob Dafni" To: Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:24:15 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 31 11:43:28 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA18336; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 11:43:27 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA01904; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:39:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001882; Fri, 31 Aug 01 15:39:27 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIY6GN00.P64 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:36:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIY6RI00.803; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 12:42:54 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA17386; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 12:42:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAymay8H; Fri, 31 Aug 01 12:42:53 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA00979 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 19:40:16 GMT Received: from np003denver.nps.gov ([165.83.20.47]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA00936 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:40:02 -0400 (EDT) From: Tom_Schmidt@nps.gov Subject: Re: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established To: Tom_Schmidt@nps.gov Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, "jacob Dafni" X-Mailer: Lotus Notes Release 5.0.7 March 21, 2001 Message-ID: Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 15:38:09 -0400 X-MIMETrack: Serialize by Router on NP003DENVER/MTA/NPS(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 08/31/2001 01:39:53 PM MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA00960 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id TAA00979 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 785 The date of the Presidential Proclamation creating Fort Jefferson NM was January 4 1935 ! = =20 Tom Schmidt = =20 To: "jacob Dafni" =20 08/31/01 03:21 cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.no= aa.gov =20 PM EDT Subject: Re: When was the fi= rst Marine =20 Park/Reserve established(Documen= t link: Tom =20 Schmidt) = =20 = =20 Jacob, According to the legislative history of Dry Tortugas National Park, (70 miles west of Key West, FL, USA), Fort Jefferson National Monument became the World's first marine protected area when Franklin Roosevelt signed Presidential Proclamation No. 21112 (Stat. 3430). The Monument name was changed to Dry Tortugas National Park in 1992 with management purposes to protect and interpret a "pristine subtropical marine ecosystem, with special attention to intact coral reef communities". Tom Schmidt Marine Biologist Everglades and Dry Tortugas National Parks Homestead, FL 33034 = =20 "jacob Dafni" = =20 =20 on.net.il> cc: (bcc: Tom Schmidt/EVER/= NPS) =20 Subject: When was the first= Marine =20 08/30/01 01:29 Park/Reserve established = =20 AM MDT = =20 = =20 = =20 Hi All listers For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of information: Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and when was it formally established? Thanks for your cooperation Jacob Dafni ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ Dr. Jacob Dafni P.O box 6469 Eilat Israel jdafni@netvision.net.il jdafni@hotmail.com http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Hi All listers

For a forthcoming publication= , I need the following piece of information:

Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and when was it formally established?

Thanks for your cooperation

Jacob Dafni

~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<= ;=B0))))> <~ <=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Dr. Jacob Dafni
P.O box 6469
Eilat
Israel
jdafni@netvision.net.il
jdafni@hotmail.com
http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave
~<= =B0 ))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))>< ~<=B0))))> <~<=B0))))><~

Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by ccmail.itd.nps.gov with SMTP (IMA Internet Exchange 3.13) id 00D4E002; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:50:53 -04= 00 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA07202 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 03:21:47 GMT Received: from mailgw3.netvision.net.il (mailgw.netvision.net.il [194.90.= 1.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA07154 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:21:35 -0400 (E= DT) Received: from dafni (ras16-p16.rvt.netvision.net.il [62.0.135.145]) by mailgw3.netvision.net.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA01975 for ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:19:31 +0300 (I= DT) Message-ID: <005c01c1310b$a1f0d200$9187003e@dafni> From: "jacob Dafni" To: Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:24:15 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Aug 31 18:18:44 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA21464; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 18:18:43 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA05760; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 22:15:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005753; Fri, 31 Aug 01 22:15:01 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIYORW00.A65 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 22:11:57 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GIYP6O00.V1S; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 22:20:48 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA09864; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 22:20:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZWa4qt; Fri, 31 Aug 01 22:20:47 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA01460 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 1 Sep 2001 02:14:49 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA01457 for ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 22:14:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Fri, 31 Aug 2001 21:10:29 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3E28@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: RE: Coral Dust & Red Tide Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 21:13:29 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 786 Dear Coral-list: Yesterday I posted a press release about the possible linkage between African dust and red tide blooms in the Gulf of Mexico. I am neither a dust or red tide specialist...for those interested, however, there have been numerous notes on the coral-list regarding the possible effects of dust fallout on reef ecosystems (see this AM's post by Gene Shinn of the USGS in St. Petersburg, FL). In addition, I have attached a number of hot-links and recent news posts for red-tide stuff. I hope this helps answer any queries. cheers, Bill Precht Ecological Sciences Program Manager PBS&J ---------------------------------------------------------------- Fish kill disposal test on Boca Grande red tide encouraging August 31, 2001 Associated Press BOCA GRANDE - The use of oil spill cleanup technology to prevent fish kills from reaching beaches has been encouraging, scientists said Thursday after testing it on a red tide outbreak in the Gulf of Mexico. An oil spill recovery vessel collected dead fish, pumped them through a chopping mechanism and then released the remains back into the water Wednesday. The test took place at a site were the toxic algae had bloomed south of Boca Grande on Florida's southwest coast. "(The) test run gives us reason to remain optimistic," said Jeremy Whatmough, president of a Longboat Key-based citizens group called Solutions to Avoid Red Tide, or START. The group is part of the Harmful Algal Bloom Alliance that also includes the Mote Marine Laboratory in Sarasota and the state's Florida Marine Research Institute based at St. Petersburg. Both also participated in the experiment. Red tide not only kills fish, it makes shellfish toxic and causes respiratory problems for humans. Research by University of South Florida scientists indicates the blooms may be triggered by iron in clouds of dust that blow from the Sahara Desert and fall into the gulf. http://www.naplesnews.com/01/09/florida/d680169a.htm Miami Herald Toxic algae bloom off southwest Florida gulf coast killing fish August 29, 2001 http://www.miami.com/herald/content/digdocs/094753.htm Latest count shows record number of manatees in Florida January 11, 2001 ... and 45 reported dead in Lee County. The statewide number was the highest since 1996, an anomalous year when 415 were killed due to an outbreak of red tide. Seventy-eight manatees were killed in collisions with watercraft, according to the marine research institute. Five manatees in Collier were killed ... http://www.naplesnews.com/01/01/bonita/d569034a.htm Start - Solutions To Avoid Red Tide http://www.start1.com/ About Red Tide Michael Henry, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, Florida http://www.mote.org/~mhenry/WREDTIDE.phtml Ecotopics International News Service What is START? by Rob Haglund. START (Solutions To Avoid Red Tide), a grass roots, non-profit, citizen organization dedicated to funding and promoting efforts ... http://www.ecotopics.com/articles/start.htm Red Tide Monitoring Be sure to check out our Red Tide Poster for more information and pictures! Informative links: ... http://www.ios.bc.ca/ios/plankton/ios_tour/phyt_lab/red_tide.htm Red Tide fact sheet http://seagrant.gso.uri.edu/riseagrant/factsheets/redtide.html Red Tide and Harmful Algal Blooms ... NOAA) grant to the National Office for Marine Biotoxins and Harmful Algal Blooms at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Dr. Don Anderson, Director. ... Description: Introduces kids to algal blooms, a case where algae is environmentally hazardous. http://www.redtide.whoi.edu/hab/ ECOHAB. The Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms. http://www.redtide.whoi.edu/hab/nationplan/ECOHAB/ECOHABhtml.html Harmful Algal Blooms - Homepage ... Biotoxin team members Link to description of marine biotoxins Link to descripton of Harmful Algal Blooms Link to NWFSC Biotoxin and HTML current research Link ... http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/hab/ Toxic red tides and harmful algal blooms: A practical challenge in coastal oceanography. ... http://earth.agu.org/revgeophys/anders01/anders01.html NOAA CSC Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Project ... Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Project. Concerns about harmful algal blooms (HAB) have increased http://www.csc.noaa.gov/crs/habf/ UNITED NATIONS THE IOC HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM PROGRAMME http://ioc.unesco.org/hab/default.htm Harmful Algal Blooms Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act by National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. ... http://www.cop.noaa.gov/projects/HAB.htm Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) ... Harmful Algal Blooms. http://www.fmri.usf.edu/ecohab/ ECOHAB: Florida A comprehensive HAB site with both general and Florida-specific information. . http://pelican.gmpo.gov/habpage.html "Red Tide Photos" Harmful Algal Bloom Photo Gallery. ... visible" phytoplankton blooms. California Noctiluca Bloom, Florida Red Tide Bloom of Gymnodinium breve. ... http://www.redtide.whoi.edu/hab/rtphotos/rtphotos.html Cawthron's harmful algal bloom research ... Dr Karen Steidinger at the Florida Marine Research Institute thanks to ... being successfully used by the harmful algal bloom monitoring team to provide a ... http://www.cawthron.org.nz/what_biosecurity_harmful_algal_blooms.htm 2000 Progress Report: ECOHAB: Control of Harmful Algal Blooms ... Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms ... species found in US waters (the Florida red tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve ... http://es.epa.gov/ncer/progress/grants/98/algal/anderson00.html 1997 STAR Recipients - Harmful Algal Blooms ... Florida Dept. of Envir. Protection; Florida Marine Research Inst. (FL), Fate ... Monterey Bay (CA), Influence of Harmful Algal Blooms on the Distribution and ... http://es.epa.gov/ncerqa/grants/97/algalb97.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 2 08:59:52 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA00706; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 08:59:51 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14863; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 12:56:12 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014859; Sun, 2 Sep 01 12:56:06 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ1O8D00.K5Y for ; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 12:53:01 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ1ON700.4H1; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 13:01:55 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA20930; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 13:01:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAANKaO3O; Sun, 2 Sep 01 13:01:54 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA05488 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 16:51:49 GMT Received: from mailweb15.rediffmail.com (IDENT:qmailr@[203.199.83.27]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id MAA05485 for ; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 12:51:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 12051 invoked by uid 510); 2 Sep 2001 16:50:37 -0000 Date: 2 Sep 2001 16:50:37 -0000 Message-ID: <20010902165037.12050.qmail@mailweb15.rediffmail.com> Received: from unknown (203.88.134.205) by rediffmail.com via HTTP; 02 Sep 2001 16:50:37 -0000 MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Coral diversity From: "benidhar " Content-ID: Content-type: text/plain Content-Description: Body Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 787 Hi All, Myself Benidhar Deshmukh, a geologist, currently exploring the potential = of remote sensing for ecological and geomorpholgical studies of coral ree= fs. = While recent survey to a reef I found that a perticular species of cora i= s not present at all which was the main reef builder once. The coral spec= ies diversity has been found to be decreasing world wide. I am working on= the problem and trying to find out the posible reason behind it for my s= tudy area. = I would like to recieve your comments on this and references. Thanking you Benidhar Deshmukh #4141, MWRG/RESA Space Applications Centre (ISRO) Ahmedabad -15 India = ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 2 12:25:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA01411; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 12:25:58 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA15383; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 16:22:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.195.113) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015379; Sun, 2 Sep 01 16:21:27 -0400 Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.151.184]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ1XP400.T24; Sun, 2 Sep 2001 16:17:28 -0400 Message-ID: <3B9295F7.75B1A2D@noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 02 Sep 2001 16:26:35 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" Organization: NOAA NESDIS/ORA X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (Win95; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-List CC: Jim Hendee , Gang Liu Subject: Palmyra Bleaching? Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 788 SSTs appear to have risen dramatically in the vicinity of Palmyra over the past week or so and appear critical, if conditions persist, for a bleaching event as the overhead sun moves to the south. http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/sub/sst_series_palmyra_cur.html http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html Feedback requested... Al Strong -- AES...<><.........<><.........<><.........<><........<><..........AES Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, ORAD Physical Oceanographer & Team Leader NOAA/NESDIS/ORA Oceanic Research & Applications Division (ORAD) Marine Applications Science Team NOAA Science Center -- Rm 711 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746 Phone: 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad AES...<><.........<><.........<><.........<><........<><..........AES . From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 3 05:31:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA05880; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 05:31:20 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA22199; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 09:27:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022195; Mon, 3 Sep 01 09:27:37 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ398W00.D6R for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 09:24:32 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ39NR00.SNV; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 09:33:27 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA02504; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 09:33:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAySa44e; Mon, 3 Sep 01 09:33:26 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA07292 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:27:22 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA07264 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 09:27:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id OAA19863 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 14:24:49 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 03 Sep 2001 14:26:31 +0100 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Mon, 03 Sep 2001 14:26:15 +0100 From: "Mark Spalding" To: Cc: , Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA07280 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA07292 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 789 I've been digging about on the WCPA database of marine protected areas. I= think there are quite a few sites older than Fort Jefferson, but probab= ly the majority of these are coastal and do not include significant areas= of open sea. Good candidates for the first include: - Wilson's Promontory National Park, Australia. First reserved in 1898, N= P status in 1905, with coastal waters added in in 1908. - Matang Hunting Reserve, Malaysia. First established in 1904 and incorpo= rating large mangrove areas. - Breton National Wildlife Refuge, USA. First establish 1904. etc.=20 It is difficult, with some of these, for me to chase up the boundary defi= nitions of the original site. You might also argue that marine areas were= not the primary object of protection, but I think you would certainly ha= ve to argue this for Fort Jefferson too! And of course the first real protected reefs were probably those set asid= e under traditional reef cultures, especially those of the Pacific Island= s. __________________________________________ Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist =20 UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 2773= 14 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 2771= 36 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org or Research Associate Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Department of Geography Downing St Cambridge UK=20 >>> 08/31/01 08:38pm >>> The date of the Presidential Proclamation creating Fort Jefferson NM was January 4 1935 ! = =20 Tom Schmidt = =20 To: "jacob Dafni" =20 08/31/01 03:21 cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.no= aa.gov =20 PM EDT Subject: Re: When was the fi= rst Marine =20 Park/Reserve established(Documen= t link: Tom =20 Schmidt) = =20 = =20 Jacob, According to the legislative history of Dry Tortugas National Park, (70 miles west of Key West, FL, USA), Fort Jefferson National Monument became the World's first marine protected area when Franklin Roosevelt signed Presidential Proclamation No. 21112 (Stat. 3430). The Monument name was changed to Dry Tortugas National Park in 1992 with management purposes to protect and interpret a "pristine subtropical marine ecosystem, with special attention to intact coral reef communities". Tom Schmidt Marine Biologist Everglades and Dry Tortugas National Parks Homestead, FL 33034 = =20 "jacob Dafni" = =20 =20 on.net.il> cc: (bcc: Tom Schmidt/EVER/= NPS) =20 Subject: When was the first= Marine =20 08/30/01 01:29 Park/Reserve established = =20 AM MDT = =20 = =20 = =20 Hi All listers For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of information: Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and when was it formally established? Thanks for your cooperation Jacob Dafni ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ Dr. Jacob Dafni P.O box 6469 Eilat Israel jdafni@netvision.net.il=20 jdafni@hotmail.com=20 http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni=20 http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave=20 ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Hi All listers

For a forthcoming publication= , I need the following piece of information:

Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and when was it formally established?

Thanks for your cooperation

Jacob Dafni

~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<= ;=B0))))> <~ <=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Dr. Jacob Dafni
P.O box 6469
Eilat
Israel
jdafni@netvision.net.il
jdafni@hotmail.com
http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave
~<= =B0 ))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))>< ~<=B0))))> <~<=B0))))><~

Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by ccmail.itd.nps.gov with SMTP (IMA Internet Exchange 3.13) id 00D4E002; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:50:53 -04= 00 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA07202 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 03:21:47 GMT Received: from mailgw3.netvision.net.il (mailgw.netvision.net.il [194.90.= 1.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA07154 for ; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:21:35 -0400 (E= DT) Received: from dafni (ras16-p16.rvt.netvision.net.il [62.0.135.145]) by mailgw3.netvision.net.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA01975 for ; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:19:31 +0300 (I= DT) Message-ID: <005c01c1310b$a1f0d200$9187003e@dafni> From: "jacob Dafni" To: Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:24:15 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=20 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited.=20 The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 3 09:44:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA07498; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 09:44:30 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA25167; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:40:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025161; Mon, 3 Sep 01 13:40:07 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ3KXR00.K6C for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:37:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ3L8O00.3VB; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 10:43:36 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA16006; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 10:43:35 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAY6aOqF; Mon, 3 Sep 01 10:43:35 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA01039 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 17:38:25 GMT Received: from mailgw1.netvision.net.il (mailgw1.netvision.net.il [194.90.1.14]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA01036 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:38:13 -0400 (EDT) Received: from dafni (ras12-p22.rvt.netvision.net.il [62.0.133.151]) by mailgw1.netvision.net.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id UAA12712 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 20:38:08 +0300 (IDT) Message-ID: <004201c134a7$fcdcdc00$9785003e@dafni> From: "jacob Dafni" To: Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Date: Mon, 3 Sep 2001 19:58:40 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0033_01C134B2.D3FED1C0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 790 f`z di` decrd nxeaz glwim arivea MIME. ------=_NextPart_000_0033_01C134B2.D3FED1C0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi All listers I thank all coral listers who bothered to search the various sources, = and provide me with valuable information.=20 Thanks for your cooperation Jacob Dafni =20 ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ Dr. Jacob Dafni=20 P.O box 6469=20 Eilat Israel jdafni@netvision.net.il jdafni@hotmail.com http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave ~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~ =20 ------=_NextPart_000_0033_01C134B2.D3FED1C0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi All listers

I thank all coral listers = who bothered=20 to search the various sources, and provide me with valuable information. =

Thanks for your = cooperation

Jacob Dafni

~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<= ;=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~
Dr.=20 Jacob Dafni
P.O box 6469
Eilat
Israel
jdafni@netvision.net.il
jdafni@hotmail.com
http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave<= BR>~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))= ))><~<=B0))))><~<=B0))))><~

------=_NextPart_000_0033_01C134B2.D3FED1C0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 3 10:03:31 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA07602; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 10:03:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA25252; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:59:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025248; Mon, 3 Sep 01 13:59:41 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ3LU800.06D for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:56:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ3M5500.NUM; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 11:03:05 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA16740; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 11:03:05 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAGxaySG; Mon, 3 Sep 01 11:03:04 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA01084 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 18:00:57 GMT Received: from mailbu.cc.uga.edu (malibu.cc.uga.edu [128.192.1.103]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA01080 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 14:00:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from archa7.cc.uga.edu (arch7.cc.uga.edu) by mailbu.cc.uga.edu (LSMTP for Windows NT v1.1b) with SMTP id <2.002257BC@mailbu.cc.uga.edu>; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 14:00:28 -0400 Received: from CORALS (jpoptiplex071.ecology.uga.edu [128.192.18.71]) by archa7.cc.uga.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id OAA81728 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 14:00:27 -0400 Message-ID: <002101c134a2$658054e0$4712c080@ecology.uga.edu> From: "James W. Porter" To: Subject: Publication of book on coral diseases Date: Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:54:23 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0013_01C1347F.EFE5CBB0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 791 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0013_01C1347F.EFE5CBB0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear Coral List-Server Member: I wish to announce the publication of my book on coral diseases, The = Ecology and Etiology of Newly Emerging Marine Diseases, which will be = published by Kluwer Academic Press in October of this year. This edited = volume has 20 papers; the Table of Contents is listed below. The purchase price after October will be around $150.00, but Kluwer has = graciously agreed to sell this book to Coral List Server members for = $55.00 (the same price as for authors who have articles appearing in the = book). Although the book will be shipped from The Netherlands, I have to = collect the money from each pre-publication purchaser. They appear to be = treating this almost as if it were a reprint order, with the reprint = orders placed in advance of the publication date. If you are interested in getting a copy of this book, please e-mail your = intent to purchase this book to Kluwer's Special Issues Coordinator, Ms. = Cynthia de Jonge (cynthia.dejong@wkap.nl) and include your full mailing = address for their shipping department. Please copy this e-mail to me = (jporter@arches.uga.edu) and send a check or money order to: Dr. James = W. Porter / Institute of Ecology / University of Georgia / Athens / GA / = 30602 / USA. The money must be received by 15-October-2001; only books = that have been pre-paid will be shipped from Holland. I truly apologize for this odd way of doing business, but these are = their rules, and to take advantage of the reduced price, we have to = abide by them.=20 Sincerely, Jim Porter Table of Contents Chapter 1 Porter, Dustan, Jaap, Patterson, Kosmynin, Meier, Patterson, = and Parsons. Patterns of spread of coral disease in the Florida Keys. Chapter 2 Aronson and Precht White-band and the changing face of = Caribbean coral reefs Chapter 3 Santavy, Mueller, Peters, MacLaughlin, Porter, Patterson, = and Campbell. Quantitative assessment of coral diseases in the Florida = Keys: Strategy and methodology. Chapter 4 Cervino, Goreau, Nagelkerken, Smith, and Hayes. Yellow band = and dark spot syndromes in Caribbean corals: Distribution, rate of = spread, cytology, and effects on abundance and division rate of = zooxanthellae. Chapter 5 Garzon-Ferreira, Gil-Agudelo, Barrios, and Zea . Stony coral = diseases observed in southwestern Caribbean. Chapter 6 Richardson, Smith, Ritchie, and Carlton. Integrating = microbiological, microsensor, molecular, and physiologic techniques in = the study of coral disease. Chapter 7 Scully, Prappas and Ostrander. Laboratory models for the = study of coral pathologies. Chapter 8 Harvell, Kim, Quirolo, Weir, and Smith. Coral bleaching and = disease: Contributors to 1998 mass mortality in Briareum asbestinum = (0ctocorallia, Gorgonacea). Chapter 9 Alker, Smith, and Kim. Characterization of Aspergillus = sydowii (Thom et Church), a fungal pathogen of Caribbean sea fan corals. Chapter 10 Acosta. Disease in Zoanthids: dynamics in space and time. Chapter 11 Ritchie, Polson, and Smith. Microbial disease causation in = marine invertebrates: Problems, practices, and future prospects. Chapter 12 Colwell and Huq Marine ecosystems and cholera. Chapter 13 Bouma and Pascual Seasonal and interannual cycles of = endemic cholera in Bengal 1891-1940 in relation to climate and = geography. Chapter 14 Jiang Vibrio cholerae in coastal waters of Southern = California: Abundance, distribution and relationship to environmental = conditions. Chapter 15 Lipp, Rodriguez-Palacios, and Rose. Occurrence and = distribution of the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus in a subtropical = Gulf of Mexico estuary. Chapter 16 Noble and Fuhrman Enteroviruses detected by reverse = transcriptase polymerase chain reaction from the coastal waters of Santa = Monica Bay, California: Low correlation to bacterial indicator levels. Chapter 17 Mallin, Ensign, McIver, Shank, and Fowler. Demographic, = landscape, and meteorological factors controlling the microbial = pollution of coastal waters. Chapter 18 Hofmann, Ford, Powell, and Klinck. Modeling studies of the = effect of climate variability on MSX disease in eastern oyster = (Crassostrea virginica) populations. Chapter 19 Hayes, Bonaventura, Mitchell, Prospero, Shinn, Van Dolah, = and Barber. How are climate and marine biological outbreaks functionally = linked? Chapter 20 Blaylock, Overstreet, and Klich. Mycoses in red snapper = (Lutjanus campechanus) caused by two deuteromycete fungi (Penicillium = corylophilum and Cladosporium sphaerospermum). ------=_NextPart_000_0013_01C1347F.EFE5CBB0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Dear Coral List-Server Member:

I wish to announce the publication of my book on coral diseases, = The=20 Ecology and Etiology of Newly Emerging Marine Diseases, which will = be=20 published by Kluwer Academic Press in October of this year. This edited = volume=20 has 20 papers; the Table of Contents is listed below.

The purchase price after October will be around $150.00, but Kluwer = has=20 graciously agreed to sell this book to Coral List Server members for = $55.00 (the=20 same price as for authors who have articles appearing in the book). = Although the=20 book will be shipped from The Netherlands, I have to collect the money = from each=20 pre-publication purchaser. They appear to be treating this almost as if = it were=20 a reprint order, with the reprint orders placed in advance of the = publication=20 date.

If you are interested in getting a copy of this book, please e-mail = your=20 intent to purchase this book to Kluwer’s Special Issues = Coordinator, Ms. Cynthia=20 de Jonge (cynthia.dejong@wkap.nl)=20 and include your full mailing address for their shipping department. = Please copy=20 this e-mail to me (jporter@arches.uga.edu) = and send=20 a check or money order to: Dr. James W. Porter / Institute of Ecology /=20 University of Georgia / Athens / GA / 30602 / USA. The money must be = received by=20 15-October-2001; only books that have been pre-paid will be shipped from = Holland.

I truly apologize for this odd way of doing business, but these are = their=20 rules, and to take advantage of the reduced price, we have to abide by = them.=20

Sincerely,

Jim Porter

Table of Contents

Chapter 1   Porter, Dustan, Jaap, Patterson, Kosmynin, = Meier,=20 Patterson, and Parsons. Patterns of spread of coral disease in the = Florida=20 Keys.

Chapter 2   Aronson and Precht White-band and the = changing face=20 of Caribbean coral reefs

Chapter 3   Santavy, Mueller, Peters, MacLaughlin, Porter,=20 Patterson, and Campbell. Quantitative assessment of coral diseases in = the=20 Florida Keys: Strategy and methodology.

Chapter 4   Cervino, Goreau, Nagelkerken, Smith, and Hayes. = Yellow band and dark spot syndromes in Caribbean corals: = Distribution, rate=20 of spread, cytology, and effects on abundance and division rate of=20 zooxanthellae.

Chapter 5   Garzon-Ferreira, Gil-Agudelo, Barrios, and Zea = .=20 Stony coral diseases observed in southwestern Caribbean.

Chapter 6   Richardson, Smith, Ritchie, and Carlton. = Integrating=20 microbiological, microsensor, molecular, and physiologic techniques in = the study=20 of coral disease.

Chapter 7   Scully, Prappas and Ostrander. Laboratory = models for=20 the study of coral pathologies.

Chapter 8   Harvell, Kim, Quirolo, Weir, and Smith. = Coral=20 bleaching and disease: Contributors to 1998 mass mortality in Briareum=20 asbestinum (0ctocorallia, Gorgonacea).

Chapter 9   Alker, Smith, and Kim. Characterization of=20 Aspergillus sydowii (Thom et Church), a fungal pathogen of = Caribbean sea=20 fan corals.

Chapter 10   Acosta. Disease in Zoanthids: dynamics in = space and=20 time.

Chapter 11   Ritchie, Polson, and Smith. Microbial = disease=20 causation in marine invertebrates: Problems, practices, and future=20 prospects.

Chapter 12   Colwell and Huq Marine ecosystems and=20 cholera.

Chapter 13   Bouma and Pascual Seasonal and interannual = cycles=20 of endemic cholera in Bengal 1891-1940 in relation to climate and=20 geography.

Chapter 14   Jiang Vibrio cholerae in coastal waters of = Southern=20 California: Abundance, distribution and relationship to environmental=20 conditions.

Chapter 15   Lipp, Rodriguez-Palacios, and Rose. = Occurrence and=20 distribution of the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus in a subtropical = Gulf of=20 Mexico estuary.

Chapter 16   Noble and Fuhrman Enteroviruses detected by = reverse=20 transcriptase polymerase chain reaction from the coastal waters of Santa = Monica=20 Bay, California: Low correlation to bacterial indicator levels.

Chapter 17   Mallin, Ensign, McIver, Shank, and Fowler.=20 Demographic, landscape, and meteorological factors controlling the = microbial=20 pollution of coastal waters.

Chapter 18   Hofmann, Ford, Powell, and Klinck. Modeling = studies=20 of the effect of climate variability on MSX disease in eastern oyster=20 (Crassostrea virginica) populations.

Chapter 19   Hayes, Bonaventura, Mitchell, Prospero, Shinn, = Van=20 Dolah, and Barber. How are climate and marine biological outbreaks=20 functionally linked?

Chapter 20   Blaylock, Overstreet, and Klich. Mycoses in = red=20 snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) caused by two deuteromycete fungi = (Penicillium=20 corylophilum and Cladosporium=20 sphaerospermum).
------=_NextPart_000_0013_01C1347F.EFE5CBB0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 3 12:58:10 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA08806; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 12:58:09 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA27018; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 16:54:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027008; Mon, 3 Sep 01 16:54:06 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ3TX200.O6N for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 16:51:02 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ3U7Z00.2ZJ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:57:35 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA22350; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:57:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9AaOPR; Mon, 3 Sep 01 13:57:34 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA01446 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 20:53:04 GMT Received: from web14506.mail.yahoo.com (web14506.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.224.69]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA01443 for ; Mon, 3 Sep 2001 16:52:53 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010903205251.9285.qmail@web14506.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [194.82.103.77] by web14506.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Mon, 03 Sep 2001 13:52:51 PDT Date: Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:52:51 -0700 (PDT) From: Christopher Hawkins To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 792 Hello all, It is interesting to hear all of the answers to the question "When was the first marine park established?" I have always had difficulty with the semantics as far as MPA and marine park etc. The first true marine park as we know it today may well be the John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park off Key Largo, Florida (as cited in several publications), December 1960. Though I suppose it depends on one's definition of 'marine park'. I doubt though that Ft. Jefferson or other early ones were MPAs or parks as we know them today, especially in light of how the rise of ecotourism has helped to catagorize many of them. Good luck! Christopher Hawkins Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies University of Newcastle UK __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get email alerts & NEW webcam video instant messaging with Yahoo! Messenger http://im.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 4 06:49:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA17111; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 06:49:20 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA05313; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 10:45:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005275; Tue, 4 Sep 01 10:45:22 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ57IE00.P8I for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 10:42:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ57X900.H3R; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 10:51:09 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA19932; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 10:51:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA8Eay6M; Tue, 4 Sep 01 10:51:08 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA02823 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 14:44:44 GMT Received: from smtp.africaonline.co.ke ([212.49.90.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA02847 for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 10:44:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 5944 invoked from network); 4 Sep 2001 14:44:54 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO africaonline.co.ke) (195.202.92.59) by smtp.africaonline.co.ke with SMTP; 4 Sep 2001 14:44:53 -0000 Message-ID: <3B956D30.D03B7A1B@africaonline.co.ke> Date: Wed, 05 Sep 2001 03:09:21 +0300 From: CRCP Reply-To: crcp@africaonline.co.ke Organization: Coral Reef Conservation Project X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.73C-CCK-MCD {C-UDP; EBM-APPLE} (Macintosh; U; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Christopher Hawkins CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: References: <20010903205251.9285.qmail@web14506.mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 793 Tsitiskamma National Park in South Africa may be one of oldest parks, although not a coral reef park. I have not been able to find its date of origin, but I think it may go back to the 1930s. The following are some interesting work done there, but donot gieve the dates of the park's origin. Buxton, C. D. 1993. Life-history changes in exploited reef fishes on the east coast of South Africa. Environmental Biology of Fishes 36:47-63. Buxton, C. D., and M. J. Smale. 1989. Abundance and distribution patterns of three temperate marine reef fish (Teleostei: Sparidae) in exploited and unexploited areas off the Southern Cape Coast. Journal of Applied Ecology 26:441-451. Christopher Hawkins wrote: > Hello all, > > It is interesting to hear all of the answers to the question > "When was the first marine park established?" I have always had > difficulty with the semantics as far as MPA and marine park etc. > The first true marine park as we know it today may well be the > John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park off Key Largo, Florida (as > cited in several publications), December 1960. Though I suppose > it depends on one's definition of 'marine park'. I doubt though > that Ft. Jefferson or other early ones were MPAs or parks as we > know them today, especially in light of how the rise of > ecotourism has helped to catagorize many of them. Good luck! > > Christopher Hawkins > Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies > University of Newcastle > UK > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Get email alerts & NEW webcam video instant messaging with Yahoo! Messenger > http://im.yahoo.com > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Tim McClanahan Coral Reef Conservation Project The Wildlife Conservation Society Kibaki Flats #12 Kenyatta Beach, Bamburi P.O. Box 99470 Mombasa, Kenya email: crcp@africaonline.co.ke Tel O: 254 11 485570 Tel H: 486549 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 4 07:53:02 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA18765; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 07:53:02 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07179; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:49:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007172; Tue, 4 Sep 01 11:49:09 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ5AGS00.B8X for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:46:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ5AVO00.K7D; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:55:00 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA00193; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:54:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAArYa4wa; Tue, 4 Sep 01 11:54:59 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA03061 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:49:07 GMT Received: from pintail.mail.pas.earthlink.net (pintail.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.120.122]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA03053 for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:48:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mikey.duke.edu (sdn-ar-001dcwashP305.dialsprint.net [168.191.22.43]) by pintail.mail.pas.earthlink.net (EL-8_9_3_3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA19036; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 08:48:47 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.1.20010904104315.009fdc40@mail-mb.acpub.duke.edu> X-Sender: mbm4@mail-mb.acpub.duke.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Tue, 04 Sep 2001 11:47:14 -0400 To: "jacob Dafni" From: Mike Mascia Subject: Re: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: <005c01c1310b$a1f0d200$9187003e@dafni> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 794 Jacob, You may wish to consider these other contenders for the "first" MPA: Middle Morant Caye Nature Reserve, Jamaica, established 1907, containing 200 km2 of coral reef, seagrass, and sandy bottom habitat (Source: unpublished data from my 1997 survey of MPA managers in the Wider Caribbean). The "Sea Garden" between Hog Island and Athol Island (Nassau, Bahamas), protected in 1892 by "An Act for the protection of the 'Sea Gardens'", containing an unspecified area of coral reef, within which it was illegal for anyone "to dredge for, remove, or take by away by any means whatsoever, from the bottom of the sea ... any coral, sea fan, or other marine product thereupon growing, lying, or being". The penalty for noncompliance was a fine of up to 5 pounds or up to 30 days imprisonment. (Source: Government of the Bahamas, Sea Gardens Protection Act, 1892.) I would also suggest that many of the customary marine tenure systems in the South Pacific and Oceania, which date back centuries, were (are) very similar in function to modern, government-established and managed MPAs. Hope this helps. Mike At 06:24 AM 8/30/2001, you wrote: >Hi All listers > >For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of information: > >Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in >the world, and when was it formally established? > >Thanks for your cooperation > >Jacob Dafni > Michael B. Mascia, Ph.D. Environmental Policy Consultant 223 Constitution Avenue, NE Washington, DC 20002 Phone: (202) 547-6516 Cell: (202) 257-2455 Email: Michael.Mascia@duke.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 4 10:55:22 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA22868; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 10:55:21 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA12702; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 14:51:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma012677; Tue, 4 Sep 01 14:51:29 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ5IWO00.VA5 for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 14:48:24 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ5J7M00.FG3; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:54:58 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA02483; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:54:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAW6aa0e; Tue, 4 Sep 01 11:54:56 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA03551 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 18:45:08 GMT Message-Id: <200109041845.SAA03551@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 04 Sep 2001 10:45:40 -0400 From: Jones.Tim@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: open training position Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 795 ----- Forwarded by Tim Jones/DC/USEPA/US on 09/04/2001 10:45 AM ----- Ginger Hinchcliff john_tyler@nps.gov, oceandec@gte.net, Tim Jones/DC/USEPA/US@EPA, nancy_streeter@fws.gov, 08/31/2001 03:12 caroline.kurrus@noaa.gov PM cc: Subject: open training position FYI, There is a Coastal Services Center position opening for a "Program Training Specialist (Coastal)". It is listed at a GS 12 (51-67K/year) at WWW.USAJOBS.OPM.GOV, announcement E-CSC-01310.SDT Its specific website is http://www.usajobs.opm.gov/wfjic/jobs/TM0771.HTM The position would be located in Charleston SC and will be a full-time federal position. It is open to anyone who qualifies. Our ideal canidate would be strong in process skills, a great trainer, and know coastal issues. The position closes Sept. 10, 2001. Please, pass this information on to your colleagues that are open to job opportunities. We are trying to announce it broadly so that we get a great applicant pool Thanks Ginger Hinchcliff Coastal Learning Services NOAA Coastal Services Center 2234 South Hobson Ave Charleston, SC 29405 (843) 740-1184 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 4 11:44:55 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA23937; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 11:44:54 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA14033; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:41:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014011; Tue, 4 Sep 01 15:40:59 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ5L7700.E9R for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:37:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ5LM200.JDR; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:46:50 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA08842; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:46:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAR3aGqr; Tue, 4 Sep 01 15:46:49 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA03781 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 19:41:47 GMT Received: from mailgw.cc.uga.edu (mailgw.cc.uga.edu [128.192.1.101]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA03779 for ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:41:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from CORALS (jpoptiplex071.ecology.uga.edu) by mailgw.cc.uga.edu (LSMTP for Windows NT v1.1b) with SMTP id <0.036BE9ED@mailgw.cc.uga.edu>; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:41:34 -0400 Message-ID: <003d01c13579$b03f54e0$4712c080@ecology.uga.edu> From: "James W. Porter" To: Subject: Purchase of marine diseases book Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:42:10 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_003A_01C13558.29230680" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 796 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_003A_01C13558.29230680 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear List-Server Member: The correct e-mail address for notifying Kluwer Academic Press of your = intent to purchase the coral disease book at the prepublication price of = $55 is: cynthia.dejonge@wkap.nl The second "e" in her last name was = inadvertantly dropped from her e-mail address. Please copy any = correspondence to Kluwer to me ( jporter@arches.uga.edu ) as I have to = collect the money for them. Sincerely Jim Porter ------=_NextPart_000_003A_01C13558.29230680 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear List-Server Member:

The correct e-mail address for = notifying Kluwer=20 Academic Press of your intent to purchase the coral disease book at the=20 prepublication price of $55 is: cynthia.dejonge@wkap.nl = =20 The second "e" in her last name was inadvertantly dropped from = her e-mail=20 address. Please copy any correspondence to Kluwer to me ( jporter@arches.uga.edu ) as = I have=20 to collect the money for them.

Sincerely

Jim Porter
------=_NextPart_000_003A_01C13558.29230680-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 4 20:37:12 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA28551; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 20:37:11 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA19016; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 00:33:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019012; Wed, 5 Sep 01 00:33:01 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ69TW00.OA9 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 00:29:56 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ6A4U00.UVQ; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 21:36:30 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA00205; Tue, 4 Sep 2001 21:36:30 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAANPaGza; Tue, 4 Sep 01 21:36:29 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA04371 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 04:32:57 GMT Received: from burns.is.com.fj (burns.is.com.fj [202.62.124.237]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA04339 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 00:32:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from fsp-1 (super5300-dialup92.is.com.fj [202.62.127.45]) by burns.is.com.fj (8.11.4/8.11.4) with SMTP id f854W5324665; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:32:06 +1200 (FJT) Received: by localhost with Microsoft MAPI; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:35:13 +1200 Message-ID: <01C13628.BCA360A0.fspsuva@is.com.fj> From: FSP Fiji - Suva Office Reply-To: "fspsuva@is.com.fj" To: "'Mike Mascia'" , jacob Dafni Cc: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Subject: RE: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:34:26 +1200 Organization: FSP Fiji X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet E-mail/MAPI - 8.0.0.4211 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 797 IO, Yes, the Pacific islanders invented the concept of "tabu", and had no-fishing areas and no-hunting areas as part of customary management, usually tied to their belief systems (Melanesia, Polynesia) or to sea burial sites (Chuuk, Micronesia). Only fairly recently opening the areas after becoming westernized/christianized, fortunately they are now recapturing their roots! We have four new Tabu areas in our Fiji sites, established by the reef owners, one is the re-establishment of a traditional Tabu around a "sacred point" area on Yanuca Island, Cuvu District... great fun! Vinaka vaka levu, Austin Coral Gardens Initiative Fiji -----Original Message----- From: Mike Mascia [SMTP:mbm4@duke.edu] Sent: 05 September 2001 03:47 To: jacob Dafni Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established Jacob, You may wish to consider these other contenders for the "first" MPA: Middle Morant Caye Nature Reserve, Jamaica, established 1907, containing 200 km2 of coral reef, seagrass, and sandy bottom habitat (Source: unpublished data from my 1997 survey of MPA managers in the Wider Caribbean). The "Sea Garden" between Hog Island and Athol Island (Nassau, Bahamas), protected in 1892 by "An Act for the protection of the 'Sea Gardens'", containing an unspecified area of coral reef, within which it was illegal for anyone "to dredge for, remove, or take by away by any means whatsoever, from the bottom of the sea ... any coral, sea fan, or other marine product thereupon growing, lying, or being". The penalty for noncompliance was a fine of up to 5 pounds or up to 30 days imprisonment. (Source: Government of the Bahamas, Sea Gardens Protection Act, 1892.) I would also suggest that many of the customary marine tenure systems in the South Pacific and Oceania, which date back centuries, were (are) very similar in function to modern, government-established and managed MPAs. Hope this helps. Mike At 06:24 AM 8/30/2001, you wrote: >Hi All listers > >For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of information: > >Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in >the world, and when was it formally established? > >Thanks for your cooperation > >Jacob Dafni > Michael B. Mascia, Ph.D. Environmental Policy Consultant 223 Constitution Avenue, NE Washington, DC 20002 Phone: (202) 547-6516 Cell: (202) 257-2455 Email: Michael.Mascia@duke.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 02:04:31 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA00253; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 02:04:30 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA20821; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 06:00:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020810; Wed, 5 Sep 01 06:00:07 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ6OYY00.NAP for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 05:56:58 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ6P9W00.ARU; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 03:03:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA19440; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 03:03:31 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXhaO9L; Wed, 5 Sep 01 03:03:31 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA04874 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 09:59:50 GMT Received: from ratree.psu.ac.th (ratree.psu.ac.th [192.100.77.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA04877 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 05:59:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from nobody@localhost) by ratree.psu.ac.th (8.11.4/8.11.4) id f859xVJ01242; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:59:31 +0700 (ICT) To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: sponge preservation Message-ID: <999683970.3b95f7825a771@ratree.psu.ac.th> Date: Wed, 05 Sep 2001 16:59:30 +0700 (ICT) From: psakanan@ratree.psu.ac.th MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-874 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit User-Agent: IMP/PHP IMAP webmail program 2.2.6 X-Originating-IP: 161.200.33.69 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 798 Dear coral list Could anyone suggest me the best method to preserve sponge for further idenfication? I help my friends collect sponge specimens for antibiotic test and he want to know its name. Therefore we need to keep these specimens in a good condition for further identifation. cheers! sakanan ------------------------------------------------- This mail sent through IMP: ratree.psu.ac.th ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 03:19:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA00916; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 03:19:44 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA21884; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 07:16:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021870; Wed, 5 Sep 01 07:15:21 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ6SGG00.FA0 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 07:12:16 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ6SQP00.PSK; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 07:18:25 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA24761; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 07:18:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtbaaxW; Wed, 5 Sep 01 07:18:24 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA05000 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 11:13:40 GMT Message-Id: <200109051113.LAA05000@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2001 04:04:16 +0100 (BST) From: andrew h baird Subject: international transport of live coral larvae To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 799 Greetings I am planning to transport live coral larvae from the Great Barrier Reef to Japan for a series of experiments on larval nutrition. Can anyone give me any advice concerning CITES or other regulations with which I will have to comply to transport live coral larvae between countries. ===== Andrew Baird Ph: (81) + 90 8291 0438 Visiting Researcher Fax: (81) + 98 895 8576 Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Sciences University of the Ryukyus Senbaru 1, Nishihara Email: andrewbaird@ozemail.com.au Okinawa 903-0123 JAPAN ____________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.co.uk address at http://mail.yahoo.co.uk or your free @yahoo.ie address at http://mail.yahoo.ie ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 06:05:41 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA04064; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 06:05:41 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA25076; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 10:02:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025062; Wed, 5 Sep 01 10:01:05 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ704O00.0B4 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 09:58:00 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ70JK00.HYK; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 10:06:56 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA15457; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 10:06:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAHSaWlE; Wed, 5 Sep 01 10:06:55 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA01070 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 13:59:36 GMT Message-Id: <200109051359.NAA01070@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 05 Sep 2001 09:23:14 -0400 From: Jeff Miller To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: information regarding plague type II Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 800 Hello, I recently recieved a message about a virulent outbreak of plague type II in Puerto Rico, and that message has prompted this response to let people know what we've seen and are doing here in St. John. Researchers at Virgin Islands National Park (VINP) and the US Geological Survey field station in St. John, USVI have been monitoring the presence and progress of the coral disease plague type II in St. John on a monthly basis since December 1997. (This work was recently presented in La Pagurea at the AMLC meeting, and a paper was submitted to Revista de Biologia Tropical as part of the proceedings to that meeting.) We have observed the more typical occurrences of plague type II characterized by the sharp line differentiating apparently healthy tissue from diseased tissue. In this form, the disease starts from the bottom of colonies, especially near sand or within depressions in corals (e.g., where sand and turf or macroalgae exist). We have also observed virulent form of the disease in which mortality seems to progress much faster, cover a much larger area, and not necessarily start near the bottom of the colony. This was observed in 1997 in a shallow (<10 feet) backreef environment, and also in 2000 on a reef slope (25-30 feet). Both sites are located in undeveloped watersheds, one within the boundaries of VINP and the other outside the park. The coral most commonly affected is Montastraea annularis (complex), although we've seen similar virulence in Colpophyllia natans where the disease races through the colony. The entire colony may be consumed or partial live coral may remain. Currently, we have a list of 14 species being affected by plague type II: Montastraea annularis (complex)*, Montastraea cavernosa*, Colpophyllia natans*, Siderastrea siderea*, Dendrogyra cylindrus*, Mycetophyllia lamarckiana, Agaricia agaricites, Eusmilia fastigiata, Madracis mirabilis, Madracis decactis, Porites porites, Porites astreoides, Leptoseris cucullata, and Stephanocoenia michelinii. We've observed the conventional signs of plague type II at depths ranging from <10 feet to >80 feet. Tissue samples were taken from five species (*) for lab analysis which verified the disease pathogen. We have also observed plague type II in the British Virgin Islands, and on Buck Island, near the island of St. Croix. In consultation with Dr. Laurie Richardson, we have conducted some in situ experiments to "smother" this aerobic bacteria by applying a two part epoxy to the margin between the apparently healthy and diseased tissue (extending about an inch into both sides). The disease line stopped advancing in 3 of 4 cases, but given the sporadic nature of the disease response, it is impossible to say whether the epoxy had any affect. (We plan to conduct more experiments along these lines.) There are photos depicting some of the effects that we have been observing at the following address: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/coral_list/coral_list_photo_legends.html Feel free to share this with anyone that might be interested, and I can be contacted by return e-mail or at 340-693-8950, ext 227. All the best, Jeff Miller ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 09:04:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA08786; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 09:04:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA00552; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 13:01:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000494; Wed, 5 Sep 01 13:01:07 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ78GQ00.KBE for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 12:58:02 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ78VN00.J4J; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 13:06:59 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA20057; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 13:06:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAcdaOkN; Wed, 5 Sep 01 13:06:58 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA01542 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:56:47 GMT Message-Id: <200109051656.QAA01542@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 05 Sep 2001 11:17:12 -0500 From: Collette Burke Subject: Carbonate Volume Studies To: coral Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 801 I am grad student working on Carribean reefs. I am looking for papers = on carbonate volume or area studies of coral reefs. Specifically patch = reefs, if possible? Are any of you working on reef volume changes? = Does anyone know of any published or unpublished studies? =20 Also, I am looking for information on turf algae "eaters". Does anyone = know of any publications on algal herbivors that dine on turf algae? = Thanks for your help. Erin Huttig ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 13:47:38 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA14295; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 13:47:37 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA07596; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 17:43:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007586; Wed, 5 Sep 01 17:43:36 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ7LJJ00.QC5 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 17:40:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ7LYG00.EDV; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 17:49:28 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA20581; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 17:49:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAV_aalO; Wed, 5 Sep 01 17:49:27 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA02027 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 21:39:00 GMT Received: from smtp2.acsu.buffalo.edu (smtp2.acsu.buffalo.edu [128.205.6.85]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA02029 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 17:38:50 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 6932 invoked from network); 5 Sep 2001 21:38:49 -0000 Received: from coffroth4.bio.buffalo.edu (HELO acsu.buffalo.edu) (128.205.183.108) by smtp2 with SMTP; 5 Sep 2001 21:38:49 -0000 Message-ID: <3B969C4F.DD8FF2A@acsu.buffalo.edu> Date: Wed, 05 Sep 2001 17:42:40 -0400 From: "Tonya L. Snell" Reply-To: tlsnell@buffalo.edu X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.73 [en] (WinNT; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral list Subject: AAUS divers in TX and LA Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------0ED33EA4BA6C7F4C5CF60317" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 802 --------------0ED33EA4BA6C7F4C5CF60317 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit We are looking for 2-3 experienced AAUS- and nitrox-certified divers that are from the eastern Texas or Louisiana area to dive with us on a cruise to the Flower Garden Banks. The dates for the cruise are October 21-25. We will be collecting coral samples and recruitment plates from the East and West Banks. Any qualified divers from that area that are interested and available, please respond to tlsnell@buffalo.edu. Thank you for your time. Tonya Snell Dept. of Biological Sciences 109 Cooke Hall University at Buffalo Buffalo, NY 14260 --------------0ED33EA4BA6C7F4C5CF60317 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit We are looking for 2-3 experienced AAUS- and nitrox-certified divers that are from the eastern Texas or Louisiana area to dive with us on a cruise to the Flower Garden Banks. The dates for the cruise are October 21-25. We will be collecting coral samples and recruitment plates from the East and West Banks.   Any qualified divers from that area that are interested and available, please respond to tlsnell@buffalo.edu. Thank you for your time.
Tonya Snell
Dept. of Biological Sciences
109 Cooke Hall
University at Buffalo
Buffalo, NY 14260 --------------0ED33EA4BA6C7F4C5CF60317-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 15:10:48 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA14930; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 15:10:48 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA08509; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 19:07:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008505; Wed, 5 Sep 01 19:06:33 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ7PDS00.ECY for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 19:03:28 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ7POQ00.9KX; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:10:02 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA05174; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 16:10:02 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApuaOgk; Wed, 5 Sep 01 16:10:02 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA02153 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 23:05:05 GMT Received: from smtp3.acsu.buffalo.edu (smtp3.acsu.buffalo.edu [128.205.6.86]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id TAA02145 for ; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 19:04:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 11431 invoked from network); 5 Sep 2001 23:04:41 -0000 Received: from ubppp233-33.dialin.buffalo.edu (HELO Juansanchez) (128.205.233.33) by smtp3 with SMTP; 5 Sep 2001 23:04:41 -0000 Message-ID: <000d01c1365f$c9ee1160$21e9cd80@bio.buffalo.edu> From: "Juan A. Sanchez" To: Subject: Renilla sample Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2001 19:09:16 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 803 Dear coral-list members, I'm graduate student working on the evolution and dynamics of colony form in modular marine organisms, particularly gorgonian corals (Dr. Lasker lab). As part of my thesis, I'm recovering the phylogenetic relations of the shallow water Caribbean gorgonians, which are perhaps the most conspicuous inhabitants of Caribbean fore reefs nowadays. I have already sequenced several subunits of NADH dehydrogenase (ca 1500 bp), which have a great deal of phylogenetic signal/information. However, I've had slightly different outcomes when choosing outgroup among Briareum, Sarcophyton, Paragorgia, Iciligorgia or Ctenocella. Therefore, I would like to include a more reliable outgroup, which I think should be a pennatulacean octocoral such as Renilla. I would greatly appreciate if anyone from the coral-list could provide me a sample (1-2 cm of dry, DMSO, Acetone, or ETOH [hopefully > 90%] preserved) of Renilla (or any other pennatulacean). Thanking you in anticipation. Best regards, Juan Juan A. Sanchez Department of Biological Sciences 109 Cooke Hall SUNY at Buffalo, NY 14260, USA http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~js15/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 5 21:26:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA16899; Wed, 5 Sep 2001 21:26:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA10451; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 01:22:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010435; Thu, 6 Sep 01 01:22:24 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ86S600.LDL for ; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 01:19:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJ877400.A6D; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 01:28:16 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA01907; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 01:28:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASLaqUd; Thu, 6 Sep 01 01:28:14 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA02457 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 05:20:57 GMT Received: from io.QM (mail.qm.qld.gov.au [203.10.59.84]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA02467 for ; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 01:20:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: by IO with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Thu, 6 Sep 2001 15:07:03 +1000 Message-ID: From: John Hooper To: "'coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" Subject: RE: coral-list-daily V2 #209 Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2001 15:07:03 +1000 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----_=_NextPart_001_01C13691.C4610EDC" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 804 This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. ------_=_NextPart_001_01C13691.C4610EDC Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Response to psakanan@ratree.psu.ac.th regarding sponge preservation. Dear Coral Listeners There is a Guide to the classification of sponges (including collection, preservation, histology etc.) at the following URL (http://www.qmuseum.qld.gov.au/organisation/sections/SessileMarineInvertebra tes/index.asp) [scroll down the page until you come to "Download the Guide to ... etc" The document is in PDF format. Unfortunately this 'Sponguide' is now very much out of date, and will shortly be replaced by a 'Systema Porifera' (Hooper & Van Soest (eds), Plenum Press, New York) (probably in 2 volumes, and hopefully published mid-2002). Nevertheless, the 'Sponguide' should give you a window into the phylum - yes, there are other phyla living in coral reefs ! John Hooper ------------------------------------------------------- Dr John N.A. Hooper Director, Queensland Centre for Biodiversity Queensland Museum, , P.O. Box 3300 SOUTH BRISBANE, QLD, 4101, AUSTRALIA Associate Professor , Department of Zoology & Entomology The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072 fax +61-7-3846-1226 or 3846-1918 phone +61-7-3840-7722 or 0412-695-592 email JohnH@qm.qld.gov.au http://www.qmuseum.qld.gov.au ------------------------------------------------------- ------_=_NextPart_001_01C13691.C4610EDC Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable RE: coral-list-daily V2 #209
Response to psakanan@ratree.psu.ac.th regarding = sponge preservation.

Dear Coral Listeners

There is a Guide to the classification of sponges = (including collection, preservation, histology etc.) at the following = URL

(http://www.qmuseum.qld.gov.au/organisation/sections/Se= ssileMarineInvertebrates/index.asp) [scroll down the page until you = come to "Download the Guide to ... etc" The document is in = PDF format.

Unfortunately this 'Sponguide' is now very much out = of date, and will shortly be replaced by a 'Systema Porifera' (Hooper = & Van Soest (eds), Plenum Press, New York) (probably in 2 volumes, = and hopefully published mid-2002). Nevertheless, the 'Sponguide' should = give you a window into the phylum - yes, there are other phyla living = in coral reefs !

John Hooper

-------------------------------------------------------
Dr John N.A. Hooper
Director, Queensland Centre for Biodiversity
Queensland Museum, , P.O. Box 3300
SOUTH BRISBANE, QLD, 4101, AUSTRALIA

Associate Professor , Department of Zoology & = Entomology
The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld = 4072

fax +61-7-3846-1226 or 3846-1918
phone +61-7-3840-7722 or 0412-695-592
email JohnH@qm.qld.gov.au
http://www.qmuseum.qld.gov.au
-------------------------------------------------------

------_=_NextPart_001_01C13691.C4610EDC-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 7 06:33:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA06565; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 06:33:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA09226; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:30:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009000; Fri, 7 Sep 01 10:29:44 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJAQSF00.AHF for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:26:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJAR6U00.SCB; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:35:18 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA27411; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:35:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1NaqG1; Fri, 7 Sep 01 10:35:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA01081 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 14:05:34 GMT Message-Id: <200109071405.OAA01081@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:24:05 +1000 From: Eleanor Loudon To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Earthwatch: Divers needed! Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 805 Dear Coral listers Earthwatch Institute offers scientific field research Expeditions that require SCUBA divers and/or experienced snorkelers to help collect data. Earthwatch Institute is a non-profit organization that funds scientific field research through volunteers' contributions. Volunteers pay a Share of Cost of the Research and join scientists in the field to help them collect data. Volunteers are trained on the methodologies and data collection techniques when in the field. Up-to-date open water certification is required to SCUBA dive. There is a growing demand for Earthwatch volunteers to help scientists collect data. Earthwatch supports research that investigates many aspects of coral reef ecology such as coral bleaching, diseases, coral reef fish mortality, coral reef light management, species diversity, and the importance of other ecosystems that surround coral reef communities. Earthwatch provides an opportunity for divers and snorkelers to use their much-needed skills while collecting important scientific data. The data that is collected could be used to create a management plan that may establish a marine reserve or to help define new species of octopi! SCUBA only Expeditions Jamaica's Coral Reefs- first EWI season in 2002 Expedition will be investigating the recruitment of hard corals in Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Volunteers will be collecting data on species numbers and diversity, morphological measurements, survival rates, and population size of different coral species. All volunteer tasks require SCUBA. March 25-April 3 2002 April 3-12 2002 April 12-21 2002 Principle Investigator - Dr. James Crabbe http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/crabbe.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Conserving Costa Rican Octopuses- 2nd EWI season in 2002 Biological survey of octopuses on west coast of Central America. Volunteers will be handling octopuses and observing their behavior. 2001 field season with EWI volunteers potentially found 2 new species! The island is remote and there will be no electricity. All volunteer tasks require SCUBA. May 30- June 6 2002 June 7-14 2002 Principle Investigator - Dr. John Cigliano http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/cigliano.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org SCUBA and Advanced Snorkel Expeditions Luminous Life of the Great Barrier Reef- First EWI season 2002 Volunteers will assist in surveying and collection of fluorescent proteins to study light management of coral reefs. Fluorescent proteins that may prove to be useful tools for research on diseases will be cloned in the Lizard Island Marine Lab. Volunteers will be able to assist with all aspects of the research from underwater to in the lab! May 10-19 2002 May 19-28 2002 May 28-June 6 2002 Principle Investigator - Dr. Vincent Pieribone http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/pieribone.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Saving Philippine's Reefs- 9th EWI season Help Dr. White, a recent PEW fellow recipient, collect data for coral reef monitoring, surveys, and mapping in the Batangas area. The data collected has assisted in management efforts of the Tubbataha National Marine Park. Spring 2003 Principle Investigator - Dr. Alan White http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/white.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org SCUBA and Snorkel Expeditions Damselfish of Barbados- 2nd EWI season in 2002 Studying the mortality rate of damselfish hatchlings by monitoring their nests. Eggs and hatchlings are "tracked" with a dye that permanently stains the otoliths (ear bones). Data collected will help support rationale for local marine reserves. June-August 2002 Principle Investigator - Dr. Suzanne Dorsey http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/dorsey.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Snorkel Only Expeditions Bahamian Reef Survey- 10th EWI season in 2002 Volunteers participate in research on coral bleaching episodes of patch reefs off the island of San Salvador. Volunteers will assist with monitoring the long-term health of the reefs and study emerging coral diseases. Strong swimmers and surface diving required. February 16-23 2002 June 26-July 6 2002 November 23-30 2002 PIs- Tom and Laura McGrath http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/mcgrath.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Coral Reefs of the Virgin Islands- First EWI season in 2002 Study effects of human disturbance on coral reefs and nearby communities such as mangroves, seagrass, and rocky intertidal zones. Strong swimmers and surface diving required. January 15-22 2002 January 24-31 2002 PIs- Dr. David Booth and Giglia Beretta http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/booth.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Manatees of Belize- 2nd EWI season Investigating the habitat and behavioral ecology of Antillian manatees in the Drowned Cayes area of Belize. Volunteer assignments are mostly boat based but include snorkeling for sea grass samples. June-August 2002 Co-PIs- Katherine LaCommare and Caryn Self Sullivan http://www.earthwatch.org/expeditions/lacommare.html Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Expeditions in the Pipeline Thailand's Island Reefs- First EWI season 2002 Purpose of study is to determine biodiversity baseline of marine invertebrates for coral reef management of the Andaman Sea. Volunteers will be surveying a total of ten islands off of Phuket Island. Snorklers must be strong swimmers and be able to dive at least 2meters. April 1-10 2002 April 15-25 2002 May 1-10 2002 Principle Investigator- Dr. Suchana Chavanich Contact: Eleanor Loudon 61-3-9682 6828 earth@earthwatch.org Underwater Archeology in Australia -SCUBA only -- Eleanor Loudon Supporter and Volunteer Programs Earthwatch Australia 126 Bank St South Melbourne VIC 3205 ph 61(0)3 9682 6828 fax 61 (0)3 9686 3652 www.earthwatch.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 7 06:34:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA06581; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 06:34:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA09310; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:30:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009001; Fri, 7 Sep 01 10:29:44 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJAQSF00.MFV for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:26:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJAR6U00.UAY; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:35:18 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA27414; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:35:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAyNaiG1; Fri, 7 Sep 01 10:35:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA00839 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 13:45:23 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA05549 for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:55:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA08132; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:51:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008124; Fri, 7 Sep 01 08:51:41 -0400 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA05160; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 04:55:22 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id IAA24656 for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:51:29 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:51:29 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: coral reefs doomed? Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=X-UNKNOWN X-MIME-Autoconverted: from QUOTED-PRINTABLE to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id IAA05504 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA00839 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 806 Dear Coral Colleagues, I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of th= e news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect ou= r colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but have these thoughts: Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have addressed this. As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunatel= y not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for not referencing your work.) Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to th= e evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer.= =20 There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleachin= g at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler area= s mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) an= d this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements on coral bleaching should emphasize this. Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a consensus opinion (if that is possible!). Just my two cents worth... Cheers, Jim Hendee NOAA/AOML Miami, FL Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral Reefs 12, 1-17. Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological Modelling 84, 199-214. -------- Original Message -------- World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns By Ed Cropley, Reuters Thursday, September 06, 2001 GLASGOW, Scotland =97 The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 year= s because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a scientist warned Wednesday. "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the tropical rain forests." Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chanc= e of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to creep up. In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-eati= ng crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the over-fishing of their predators. Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of nature= 's most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleachi= ng. Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, = die off within weeks. Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between = one and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too late to save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels = and any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the British Association for the Advancement of Science. The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabi= t the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die ou= t. "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the wr= ath of the oceans without their natural defenses. In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerg= e in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Copyright 2001 =97 Reuters ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 7 07:37:48 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA08751; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 07:37:48 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA11346; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:34:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011331; Fri, 7 Sep 01 11:33:53 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJATRC00.0HC for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:30:48 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJAU2C00.2UF; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:37:24 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA19003; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:37:24 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoyaWgL; Fri, 7 Sep 01 08:37:23 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA01467 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 15:32:57 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA01464 for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:32:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA11140; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:29:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011087; Fri, 7 Sep 01 11:28:44 -0400 Received: from surf.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA08533; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 07:32:25 -0400 Received: from localhost by surf.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/SMI-SVR4) id LAA17953; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:26:26 -0400 (EDT) Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:26:26 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee To: Coral-List Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-ID: Content-Disposition: INLINE Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 807 Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2001 20:42:04 -0400 (EDT) From: Till To: coral-list Subject: research support The Dick Smith Foods Sponsored Ice-Ship "Sir Hubert Wilkins" has announced a 12 month voyage plan of Exploration, Discovery and Adventure including two Antarctic and one Great Barrier Reef Expedition. The ship's owners Don & Margie McIntyre are offering passenger berths on each voyage and limited opportunities for researchers to utilise the ship's logistic support capabilities. For worthwhile projects this support will be provided for a nominal bench fee. During the last Antarctic summer season the McIntyres, through Dick Smith Foods, were able to provide approximately $250,000 towards this program of supporting worthwhile research. Voyage I To the Kent group of Islands is supporting conservation efforts of the Australian Bush Heritage Fund and Coast Care Voyage II To Antarctica concentrates on the Commonwealth Bay, Dumont d'Urville area. Gadget Hut will be removed, efforts made to locate the anchors lost from Sir Douglas Mawson's support ship, the Aurora, divers will carry out an underwater clean up of Boat Harbour and visits made to the French base at Dumont d'Urville. Voyage III To the Ross Sea region of Antarctica. May include supporting climbers, divers, snowboarders and possibly transporting family and friends of victims from the Air New Zealand Mount Erebus crash disaster to the crash site. Discussions are currently underway with environmental groups and research organisations wishing to become involved with a planned 12 week Great Barrier Reef expedition (Jun/July/Aug 2002). Exciting opportunities are available for twenty two ships crew, staff, researchers and media travelling on board and another eight paying passengers.If you would like to join Sir Hubert Wilkins in any capacity (passenger, adventurer, researcher, crew), please check out the website www.oceanfrontiers.com.au . and please tell your friends and colleagues. Contact: Amanda Till Executive Co-ordinator Sir Hubert Wilkins "Ice-Ship Project" amanda@oceanfrontiers.com.au Ph: 61 2 9979 8530 Fax: 61 2 9979 8535 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 7 10:00:48 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA11825; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 10:00:46 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA14426; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 13:57:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(129.237.140.191) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014387; Fri, 7 Sep 01 13:56:31 -0400 Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 224; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 13:00:01 -0500 Message-ID: <3B990B21.E16856E8@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Fri, 07 Sep 2001 13:00:01 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Jim Hendee CC: Coral-List Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? References: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA14426 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 808 Jim, et al., Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if dist= urbing article. On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature incr= ease and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic fact= ors that work against that. 1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significant= ly as you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) 2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.= W. and Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Wher= e do we draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth sh= oals dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. T= his presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght vari= ations -- which aren't going to change. 3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitu= de sides -- see the US National Assessment, http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. So there is little basis for optimism there. With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure th= e survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The W= are et al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Co= ral Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43= : 320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et = al in Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for so= me reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservatio= n types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractini= an Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th Internationa= l Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the seriou= sness of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid = -- without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there= is very little justification for investing money in research and conservatio= n. This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral habit= ats -- I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any fav= ors, by exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. Thanks for bringing this up. Bob Buddemeier Jim Hendee wrote: > Dear Coral Colleagues, > > I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don'= t > have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of = the > news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps = to > gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly stud= y > the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect = our > colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but > have these thoughts: > > Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selectio= n, > even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively shor= t > time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have > addressed this. > > As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunat= ely > not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are > warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand > (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulatio= n, > light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some > coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for > not referencing your work.) > > Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator o= f > coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to = the > evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high = UV > is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the > tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone laye= r. > There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleach= ing > at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during > extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler ar= eas > mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) > > There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) = and > this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statement= s > on coral bleaching should emphasize this. > > Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching > (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for th= e > public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should > address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and tha= t > it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a > consensus opinion (if that is possible!). > > Just my two cents worth... > > Cheers, > > Jim Hendee > NOAA/AOML > Miami, FL > > Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral > Reefs 12, 1-17. > > Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and > implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. > > Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation > cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic > dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. > > Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert,= J. > 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during t= he > 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). > > Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral > bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological > Modelling 84, 199-214. > > -------- Original Message -------- > > World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns > By Ed Cropley, Reuters > Thursday, September 06, 2001 > > GLASGOW, Scotland =97 The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 ye= ars > because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them,= a > scientist warned Wednesday. > > "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will = be > lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told = a > science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to th= e > tropical rain forests." > > Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any cha= nce > of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning > marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue t= o > creep up. > > In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-ea= ting > crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the > over-fishing of their predators. > > Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of natu= re's > most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleac= hing. > > Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warm= er > water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs= , die > off within weeks. > > Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of betwee= n one > and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of > greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. > > But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon > dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too > late to > save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that > there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide level= s and > any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the > British Association for the Advancement of Science. > > The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral > structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inha= bit > the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die = out. > "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over tim= e, > the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. > > Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and > shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the = wrath > of the oceans without their natural defenses. > > In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means ma= ny > developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the > Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. > > The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to eme= rge > in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. > > Copyright 2001 =97 Reuters > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 7 17:09:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA18338; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 17:09:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA21541; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 21:06:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021537; Fri, 7 Sep 01 21:05:38 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJBK8900.8IW for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 21:02:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJBKJ900.02A; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 18:09:09 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA24763; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 18:09:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAASaywW; Fri, 7 Sep 01 18:09:09 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA02443 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 01:05:20 GMT Received: from iniki.soest.hawaii.edu (iniki.soest.hawaii.edu [128.171.154.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA02439 for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 21:05:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from localhost (abaco@localhost) by iniki.soest.hawaii.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA07732 for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 15:05:00 -1000 (HST) X-Authentication-Warning: iniki.soest.hawaii.edu: abaco owned process doing -bs Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 15:05:00 -1000 (HST) From: Amy Baco X-Sender: abaco@iniki To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Benthic Hard-Substrate Diversity Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 809 Aloha! I am looking for some recent references for coral and/or other shallow water hard substrate diversity. I am particularly interested in references which include a complete speices list for all taxa (not just sessile inverts. eg.) and number of individuals of each species. I have done a number of literature searches, but there seem to be few papers which include all taxa (and even fewer that include the data). The most recent reference I have for corals is Austin 1980. Any help would be greatly apprecaited! Thanks! -Amy Amy Baco-Taylor University of Hawaii Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Road Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Phone (808) 956-6050 FAX (808) 956-9516 abaco@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu ------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe from marbio, please send this message: unsubscribe marbio to: majordomo@mote.org Please do not send this message to the list itself. Thank you. MARBIO originates at Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL USA http://www.mote.org ------------------------------------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 7 19:35:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA19262; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 19:35:59 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA22154; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 23:32:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022150; Fri, 7 Sep 01 23:32:11 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJBO5A00.AJL for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 22:27:10 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJBOKB00.Q2Q; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 22:36:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA21056; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 22:36:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA5oa4hP; Fri, 7 Sep 01 22:36:09 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA01660 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 02:31:28 GMT Received: from web10708.mail.yahoo.com (web10708.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.130.216]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id WAA01684 for ; Fri, 7 Sep 2001 22:31:16 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20010908023110.31466.qmail@web10708.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [203.130.248.171] by web10708.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Sat, 08 Sep 2001 03:31:10 BST Date: Sat, 8 Sep 2001 03:31:10 +0100 (BST) From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Abigail=20Moore?= Subject: Volunteer dive training assistant required To: "'coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 810 Dear Coral-listers We are looking for an assistant to help out in our training and survey programme - perhaps one of you may be interested or have a friend who is - brief details below, full details available from: Abigail Moore MSc abigailyacl@yahoo.com Yayasan Adi Citra Lestari Jl Setia Budi 14D Palu, Central Sulawesi Indonesia telp: +62 451 425284 fax: + 62 451 422811 The Organisation: Yayasan Adi Citra Lestari (YACL) is a local NGO in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. YACL is dedicated to the sustainable development of the region, in particular it's natural resources, which include a very extensive coastline - mainly fringed with coral reefs. The Programme: Data on the condition of the regions coral reefs (and other marine/coastal ecosystems) is very scarce. The human (and other) resources for data gathering and processing are also minimal. In order to begin to remedy these lacks, YACL is about to run a SCUBA and Marine Survey Traning Programme, with backing from: The David & Lucille Packard Foundation; UNEP EAS/RCU; PADI project Aware. The "Job": YACL has a PADI Instructor. However, for the duration of the initial training and if possible the first survey, YACL is seeking an assistant - Divemaster, Assistant Instructor, or Instructor. Duties: to assist in preparing (to a limited extent) and carrying out training to PADI Open Water level, plus simple survey skills, for two groups of 4 Indonesian people - most of whom will not speak English (at a pool near Palu, and in the Bay of Palu or the West Coast) and if possible to accompany the group on their first training survey, on YACL's dive boat, "Dolphins" (to Pulau Paoso, a protected area and turtle nesting ground on the West Coast, North of Palu). Timetable: Training takes place 8-18 October and 22 October-1 November 2001 Initial survey shortly thereafter, must be completed before 14th november latest. Required dates: arrive before 7th October (preferably around 1-6th October) and leave not before 2 Nov, preferably after survey (probably around 10-12th November) Remuneration: Travel to/from Palu to place of residence not covered - though a contribution might be possible On-site costs (food/accomodation, transport etc) covered by YACL Small fee - $50 per week Other considerations: This is essentially a volunteer position, and an opportunity to contribute to the long-term future of Central Sulawesi's marine environment, especially coral reefs and associated ecosystems. There would be opportunities for further involvement if desired. A working knowledge of the Indonesian (or Malay) language would be a big advantage. Experience in marine survey work (especially manta-tow and Reef Check) would be very useful. Preference will be given to female candidates, in order to promote the image of women as capable of involvement in marine/scientific activities, and as role model/encouragement for local young women. Visas: If a visa is necessary - ie if not Indonesian or an Indonesian resident - the necessary letters will be produced to obtain a Visa Sosial Budaya - a tourist visa is not suitable for this work. This visa costs around $50 (in local currency) from any Indonesian Embassy or Consulate, and the process generally takes between 1and 3 days. Two (or more) colour passport photos (on red background) are also usually required. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 8 07:05:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA23362; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 07:05:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA25794; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 11:02:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(207.198.253.124) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025786; Sat, 8 Sep 01 11:01:19 -0400 Received: from [216.25.202.150] by dorsey.1.fcc.net with SMTP id <20010908150718.UUPZ26373.dorsey@[216.25.202.150]>; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 11:07:18 -0400 Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? Date: Sat, 8 Sep 01 11:06:12 -0400 x-sender: sjameson@mail.wizard.net x-mailer: Claris Emailer 2.0, March 15, 1997 From: Stephen C Jameson To: "Bob Buddemeier" , "Jim Hendee" cc: "Coral-List" Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Message-Id: <20010908150718.UUPZ26373.dorsey@[216.25.202.150]> Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 811 Dear Jim and Bob, Regarding Jim's: >Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, >even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short >time span (50 years). In a nut shell, isn't the overriding problem (which Bob addressed in a plenary session at the NCRI symposium in Ft. Lauderdale) the fact that the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is changing the pH of the ocean (making it more acidic) and reducing the ability of corals to calcify properly (Bob's point number 3 stated in brief and in relation to high latitude)? So, no matter where a coral goes - it is going to have problems surviving. Wasn't it also at the NCRI Symposium plenary session where Bob estimated coral reefs had only about 50 years to survive and this prediction was related to the change in pH not temperature (as stated in the press release)? Best regards, Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management 4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA 20198-1715 USA Office: 703-754-8690, Fax: 703-754-9139 Email: sjameson@coralseas.com Web Site: www.coralseas.com From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 8 08:41:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA24026; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 08:41:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA26301; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 12:37:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026295; Sat, 8 Sep 01 12:36:54 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJCRCC00.RIV for ; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 12:33:49 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJCRNE00.Q8V; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 09:40:26 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA02136; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 09:40:26 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAIAa4ke; Sat, 8 Sep 01 09:40:25 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA03865 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 16:36:32 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA03857 for ; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 12:36:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MyHost (empD-port7.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.13]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id MAA10469; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 12:33:13 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <015401c13883$b47c49c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Jim Hendee" , "Coral-List" References: Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? Date: Sat, 8 Sep 2001 12:26:09 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 812 Hi Jim. Although I share your concerns in general, the bad news is: the conclusion is probably correct. I don't read that as a funding ploy-Rupert clearly says there's stuff-all we can do about it, leading funding agencies to say why bother? Notwithstanding the recent stimulating work by Jackson et al on overfishing, the hard evidence from the 20th century (and this one, too) is that land-based sources of pollution have ineradicably slain more coral reefs than all other causes put together. The references on this are close to countless. This trend continues unabated, and science seems slow to respond. (I invite other readers, perhaps offended by this comment, to submit examples of coral reef monitoring programs that are linked to legislation and enforcement by a proper detection/identification/amelioration process.) Will reefs colonise new shelf areas? Sure. In fact, the rate at which this will occur may be estimated from the drilling work done long ago by Walter Adey, in the Virgin Islands. It takes the ocean about 1,000 years to clean up the shoreline and make it ready for new corals. Presumably, this same process in the future will take even longer, given the necessity for reworking condos and Hondas: plus, that ocean will not be nearly as clean as the advancing Holocene seas were. So: but don't hold your breath. For sure, it will happen after the next election. Concern about ocean warming is well-placed. One of the best references to this is by Francis Rougerie, in...1988?. This is in French, and hence not as widely read and cited as it should be. Quelle honte. Concern about oceanic pH is probably overblown: 1. we seem to have forgotten the seminal work of Sillen, in the 60's, showing that silicates, not carbonates, are the long-term oceanic buffers. Lord knows we have done lots to "protect" tropical coastlines from pH change by loading them with chemically-reactive silicates (feldspars, illite, montmorillonite, etc). Large quantities of these minerals are in fact bound up in coral skeletons, hence corals carry with them their own personal buffers (Cortes and Risk, 1985, BMS). 2. the pH of tropical coastlines will no doubt shift-after all the high-mag calcite has dissolved. As HMC makes up a large proportion of reef sediments, this may take some time. 3. as the climate changes and we shift to the other metastable condition of global climate, this will be accompanied by a fundamental reorganisation of the oceans. This will involve (far as we know) vertical mixing, which will put low-pH surface waters into contact with bottom sediments and bottom waters of higher pH. This process was outlined in Smith et al, 1997, April Nature. This process can occur within five years. None of the present ocean models allows for mixing on this vertical and temporal scale, hence all need recalibration. (Some of this work is under way now, using data from deep-water corals.) 4. McConnaughey and colleagues, and Barnes and colleagues, in separate publications within the last 12 months, have shown that corals calcify faster at elevated temps, and in the presence of fleshy algae. My prediction (Risk, 1999) was that coral reefs, as some of us knew them (and you were one, Jim), will be eradicated by land-based sources from most of the world's shelves long before pH shifts appreciably-in fact, my prediction was even more dismal than Rupert's. I think I said 2020. I am hesitant about statements, usually made (I'm afraid) by geologists, along the lines of "Corals have been around for a long time, they will survive." It's true, but misleading. Yes, coral relatives-burrowing sea anemones-are the oldest metazoan fossils yet found: Proterozoic, McKenzie Mountains, NWT. Such statements need to have appended to them the comment that large proportions of the geologic record are virtually barren of reefs, of any type. I consider these statements similar to: "The globe's been hot before, we survived", which we have also heard lately. The globe has been quite hot before, involving a fundamental rethinking of real estate values. Every North American Grade Six kid should do the exercise of drawing the +15-m sealevel contour onto the globe, and estimating the human population involved. Or perhaps we should start with those politicians whose development seems to have been arrested at Grade 6... It may very well be that some of those we refer to as "deep-water" corals may be a recolonisation/biodiversity resource-let us hope so. This has recently become an extremely productive area of research, and interested persons should log on to the coolcoral site, or contact me for preprints. This email is devoid of specific page #'s, etc, for refs: my office is being moved, I am fileless, and am celebrating by being a carpenter for a while. Another guy who tried it came back, so what have I got to lose? Yours in gloom: Mike ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 8 14:58:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA27185; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 14:58:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA29646; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 18:54:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(130.102.2.1) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029641; Sat, 8 Sep 01 18:53:40 -0400 Received: from Marine43 (marine3.vsap.uq.edu.au [130.102.110.125]) by bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id IAA00217; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:57:01 +1000 (GMT+1000) Reply-To: From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" To: "'Bob Buddemeier'" , "'Jim Hendee'" Cc: "'Coral-List'" Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:01:31 +1000 Message-ID: <003c01c138ba$337eb920$7d6e6682@vsap.uq.edu.au> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook CWS, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 In-Reply-To: <3B990B21.E16856E8@kgs.ukans.edu> Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au id IAA00217 Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 813 Dear Bob and others, I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some = "reef ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue wi= th the state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at= this point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard eviden= ce, which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests = have been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wai= t for the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinofla= gellate genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still b= eing applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been sho= wn. Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here= does not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Ba= ker (whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (us= ing RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to an= other (simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also con= founded by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at t= he extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly = more optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the= corals died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that the= y did not bleach!). Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" = - the idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so f= ar) by the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I= also want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did s= tate) has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" (del= iberate use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have boun= ced back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, = is the current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing fo= r even a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million pe= ople. The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unus= ual adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us= reef ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we = also need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human so= cieties to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the fut= ure are correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decade= s. Best wishes, Ove Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Director, Centre for Marine Studies University of Queensland St Lucia, 4072, QLD Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 Email: oveh@uq.edu.au http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM To: Jim Hendee Cc: Coral-List Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? Jim, et al., Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if dist= urbing article. On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature incr= ease and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic fact= ors that work against that. 1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significant= ly as you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) 2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.= W. and Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Wher= e do we draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth sh= oals dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. T= his presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght vari= ations -- which aren't going to change. 3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitu= de sides -- see the US National Assessment, http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. So there is little basis for optimism there. With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure th= e survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The W= are et al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Co= ral Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43= : 320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et = al in Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for so= me reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservatio= n types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractini= an Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th Internationa= l Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the seriou= sness of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid = -- without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there= is very little justification for investing money in research and conservatio= n. This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral habit= ats -- I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any fav= ors, by exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. Thanks for bringing this up. Bob Buddemeier Jim Hendee wrote: > Dear Coral Colleagues, > > I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don'= t > have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of = the > news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps = to > gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly stud= y > the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect = our > colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but > have these thoughts: > > Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selectio= n, > even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively shor= t > time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have > addressed this. > > As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunat= ely > not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are > warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand > (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulatio= n, > light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some > coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for > not referencing your work.) > > Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator o= f > coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to = the > evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high = UV > is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the > tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone laye= r. > There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleach= ing > at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during > extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler ar= eas > mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) > > There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) = and > this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statement= s > on coral bleaching should emphasize this. > > Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching > (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for th= e > public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should > address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and tha= t > it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a > consensus opinion (if that is possible!). > > Just my two cents worth... > > Cheers, > > Jim Hendee > NOAA/AOML > Miami, FL > > Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral > Reefs 12, 1-17. > > Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and > implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. > > Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation > cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic > dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. > > Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert,= J. > 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during t= he > 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). > > Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral > bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological > Modelling 84, 199-214. > > -------- Original Message -------- > > World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns > By Ed Cropley, Reuters > Thursday, September 06, 2001 > > GLASGOW, Scotland =97 The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 ye= ars > because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them,= a > scientist warned Wednesday. > > "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will = be > lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told = a > science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to th= e > tropical rain forests." > > Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any cha= nce > of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning > marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue t= o > creep up. > > In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-ea= ting > crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the > over-fishing of their predators. > > Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of natu= re's > most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleac= hing. > > Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warm= er > water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs= , die > off within weeks. > > Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of betwee= n one > and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of > greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. > > But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon > dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too > late to > save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that > there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide level= s and > any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the > British Association for the Advancement of Science. > > The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral > structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inha= bit > the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die = out. > "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over tim= e, > the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. > > Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and > shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the = wrath > of the oceans without their natural defenses. > > In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means ma= ny > developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the > Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. > > The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to eme= rge > in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. > > Copyright 2001 =97 Reuters > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 8 18:43:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA28363; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 18:43:10 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA00183; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 22:39:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000173; Sat, 8 Sep 01 22:38:46 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJDJ7G00.SHN for ; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 22:35:40 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJDJMI00.IAJ; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 22:44:42 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA10434; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 22:44:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAM2aiyu; Sat, 8 Sep 01 22:44:41 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA04590 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 02:39:28 GMT Received: from mail.san.yahoo.com (mail.san.yahoo.com [209.132.1.30]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA04525 for ; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 22:39:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from valkaria (203.117.52.43) by mail.san.yahoo.com (5.5.041.1) id 3B9803D10008BB3D for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 19:35:48 -0700 From: "Jeffrey Low" To: "'Coral-List'" Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 10:37:06 +0800 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <003c01c138ba$337eb920$7d6e6682@vsap.uq.edu.au> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 814 Hi everyone, I hestitate to air my views in this forum, which will be read by the "greats" in coral reef research. However, I beg your indulgence to add my questions and comments to the debate on the destruction of coral reefs. Factors affecting coral reef survival. I think it is moot to say one factor overrides the other - unless we know ALL the factors, and how they relate to each other, even the "global" factors may only play a small part in coral survival in a specific regions, and at that point in time. Even then, these factors would probably change faster than science can determine to be of practical use. Pollution. I use the term liberally here, to include CO2, sediment, sewerage etc. Most, if not all, of the problems related to coral reefs are man-made. While I hear a lot about the biology of corals, their reaction to certain influences, what is being done to link the biology with the "pollution management" sciences? My meaning is that should more be done to address the question of how do we keep our environment cleaner? Conservation, preservation, protection. Are we trying to keep the coral reefs as they are? Even in the face of environmental change on a global scale? Maybe their "time" has come and we will be powerless to prevent it. Given that humans have caused premature termination of thousands of species, but species extinction has been going on for some time, no? Perhaps the overall degradation of the various ecosystems worldwide is an indication of the (eventual) demise of the human race as we know it. Population. I would class this as the ultimate source of all our problems (not just for coral reefs). To paraphrase from the movie "Godzilla" - size does matter. 6 billion people ... I can't even imagine what that number constitutes. And it is set to top 7 billion by 2050? How do you manage the waste produced by so many people? How do you prevent overfishing when fish may be the main (and sometimes only) source of protein. How do you prevent over-exploitation of the oceans resources? I recall a funny anecdote in the newspapers about someone who calculated that if everyone of earth passed gas at the same time, it would cause an explosion that would destroy the world. It seemed funny at the time .... Cheers, Jeffrey Low SINGAPORE jeffrey-low@mailhost.net ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 8 22:47:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA29590; Sat, 8 Sep 2001 22:47:21 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA01123; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 02:43:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001118; Sun, 9 Sep 01 02:42:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJDUI300.RJ0 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 02:39:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJDUX500.SD6; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 02:48:41 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA21008; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 02:48:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAH_a4bP; Sun, 9 Sep 01 02:48:40 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA04863 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 06:43:34 GMT Received: from bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au (root@bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au [130.102.2.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id CAA04107 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 02:43:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from Marine43 (marine3.vsap.uq.edu.au [130.102.110.125]) by bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA09600; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 16:43:14 +1000 (GMT+1000) Reply-To: From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" To: "'Jeffrey Low'" , "'Coral-List'" Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 16:47:45 +1000 Message-ID: <000a01c138fb$55759300$7d6e6682@vsap.uq.edu.au> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook CWS, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 815 Hi Jeffrey, Let us hope synchrony in gas does not prevail! People are key to both the problem and the solution. The same mass scale efforts you refer to in terms of the negative also apply to the other side of the equation. If all of us planted a tree, there would be 6 billion new trees. If everyone in the rich developed countries insulated their homes rather than use heating or air-conditioning, we would have a dramatic decline in the greenhouse gas problem. So - six billion people does not have to be a negative (yes - I know - it rarely is) On the relative impacts of climate change versus "pollution". There has been a perception of a competition among us of "who has the worst factor for causing reef decline'. I find that silly. While the GCRMN data tend to indicate a dramatic impact of climate events like 1998 (16% loss of living coral in a single year), the truth is that the synergies and interactive effects are probably where the action is as opposed to an isolated and single factor. Cheers, Ove -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Jeffrey Low Sent: Sunday, 9 September 2001 12:37 PM To: 'Coral-List' Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Hi everyone, I hestitate to air my views in this forum, which will be read by the "greats" in coral reef research. However, I beg your indulgence to add my questions and comments to the debate on the destruction of coral reefs. Factors affecting coral reef survival. I think it is moot to say one factor overrides the other - unless we know ALL the factors, and how they relate to each other, even the "global" factors may only play a small part in coral survival in a specific regions, and at that point in time. Even then, these factors would probably change faster than science can determine to be of practical use. Pollution. I use the term liberally here, to include CO2, sediment, sewerage etc. Most, if not all, of the problems related to coral reefs are man-made. While I hear a lot about the biology of corals, their reaction to certain influences, what is being done to link the biology with the "pollution management" sciences? My meaning is that should more be done to address the question of how do we keep our environment cleaner? Conservation, preservation, protection. Are we trying to keep the coral reefs as they are? Even in the face of environmental change on a global scale? Maybe their "time" has come and we will be powerless to prevent it. Given that humans have caused premature termination of thousands of species, but species extinction has been going on for some time, no? Perhaps the overall degradation of the various ecosystems worldwide is an indication of the (eventual) demise of the human race as we know it. Population. I would class this as the ultimate source of all our problems (not just for coral reefs). To paraphrase from the movie "Godzilla" - size does matter. 6 billion people ... I can't even imagine what that number constitutes. And it is set to top 7 billion by 2050? How do you manage the waste produced by so many people? How do you prevent overfishing when fish may be the main (and sometimes only) source of protein. How do you prevent over-exploitation of the oceans resources? I recall a funny anecdote in the newspapers about someone who calculated that if everyone of earth passed gas at the same time, it would cause an explosion that would destroy the world. It seemed funny at the time .... Cheers, Jeffrey Low SINGAPORE jeffrey-low@mailhost.net ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 04:26:43 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA01803; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 04:26:43 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA02577; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:23:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002573; Sun, 9 Sep 01 08:22:57 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEA9300.SHS for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:19:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEAO600.6FZ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:28:54 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA29044; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:28:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA2MayU4; Sun, 9 Sep 01 08:28:53 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA06058 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 12:24:13 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA05589 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:24:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id NAA14345 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:21:54 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Sun, 09 Sep 2001 13:23:37 +0100 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Sun, 09 Sep 2001 13:23:30 +0100 From: "Mark Spalding" To: , Subject: Re: Benthic Hard-Substrate Diversity Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id IAA05553 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 816 Amy and others who may find this useful: In the new World Atlas of Coral Reefs we have two sets of figures for zooxanthellate scleractinian coral diversity by country which can be broadly termed "observed" and "expected". The former are derived from about 1000 different published sources compiled at UNEP-WCMC - species have only been included where they have actually been collected or observed in a country. The latter are based on the species range maps developed by JEN Veron in his three volume Corals of the World, with some minor modifications by the same author. These are interpolated ranges, hence may exaggerate the diversity in some countries. Spalding, MD, Ravilious C and Green EP (2001). World Atlas of Coral Reefs. University of California Press, Berkeley, USA. www.unep-wcmc.org/marine/coralatlas/ These same figures will be being incorporated into ReefBase in the coming months All best mark __________________________________________ Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org or Research Associate Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Department of Geography Downing St Cambridge UK >>> Amy Baco 09/08/01 02:05am >>> Aloha! I am looking for some recent references for coral and/or other shallow water hard substrate diversity. I am particularly interested in references which include a complete speices list for all taxa (not just sessile inverts. eg.) and number of individuals of each species. I have done a number of literature searches, but there seem to be few papers which include all taxa (and even fewer that include the data). The most recent reference I have for corals is Austin 1980. Any help would be greatly apprecaited! Thanks! -Amy Amy Baco-Taylor University of Hawaii Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Road Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Phone (808) 956-6050 FAX (808) 956-9516 abaco@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu ------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe from marbio, please send this message: unsubscribe marbio to: majordomo@mote.org Please do not send this message to the list itself. Thank you. MARBIO originates at Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL USA http://www.mote.org ------------------------------------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 05:36:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA02215; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 05:36:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA03499; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:32:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003495; Sun, 9 Sep 01 09:31:42 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEDFO00.4J3 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:28:36 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEDUR00.5EN; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:37:39 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA00960; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:37:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVKa43b; Sun, 9 Sep 01 09:37:38 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA06130 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:33:19 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA06168 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:33:12 -0400 (EDT) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id OAA14400 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 14:31:04 +0100 (BST) Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Sun, 09 Sep 2001 14:32:48 +0100 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Sun, 09 Sep 2001 14:32:09 +0100 From: "Mark Spalding" To: Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA06172 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 817 Just a few quick thoughts on this, because tommorrow and Tuesday I'm going to be facing quite a bit of national and international press regarding the launch of the World Atlas of Coral Reefs. I'm quite expecting a question such as "We heard last week that coral reefs will all be dead within 50 years and there's nothing we can do about it, so why should be bother trying?" I think the answer is something like. 1 - this is a very extreme view, that is not to say impossible, but it lies at one end of a spectrum, while "no impact whatsoever lies at the other". The reality is somewhere in between 2 - We do not, therefore, give up while what we are talking about is still a remote chance. 3 - What can we do? Well perhaps we can ameliorate the impacts, for example by reducing the mix of other threats facing reefs. While this may not prevent coral death from bleaching, it seems highly likely that it would facilitate recovery. Detailed networks of protected areas may help, and more active management may become essential. For example, even the worst hit areas of the Indian Ocean showed very localised pockets of high survival. These may be critical for subsequent recovery of wider areas, and should be given high levels of protection following a bleaching event. Similarly overfishing of grazing fish may prevent coral settlement as algae grow up, so perhaps there are fisheries management controls we should consider. 4 - The jury is still out on the rates of adaptation of corals, given the timescales genetic adaptation may be out of the question (not completely), but there is also phenotypic plasticity. We need to watch, and to experiment. If the doomsday scenario really starts to look likely there may still be more active management measures we could take, and research needs to think about these. Cheers Mark __________________________________________ Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org or Research Associate Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Department of Geography Downing St Cambridge UK --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 08:44:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA03652; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 08:44:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA05347; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 12:41:13 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005341; Sun, 9 Sep 01 12:40:41 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEM6N00.BJ0 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 12:37:35 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEMHP00.UFJ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:44:13 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA13145; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:44:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1QaaRz; Sun, 9 Sep 01 09:44:12 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA05773 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 16:37:53 GMT Received: from pump3.york.ac.uk (pump3.york.ac.uk [144.32.128.131]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA05802 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 12:37:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mailer.york.ac.uk (mailer.york.ac.uk [144.32.128.96]) by pump3.york.ac.uk (8.10.2/8.10.2) with SMTP id f89Gb9920448 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 17:37:09 +0100 (BST) Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 17:37:09 +0100 (BST) From: JM Kemp To: "'Coral-List'" Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? In-Reply-To: <000a01c138fb$55759300$7d6e6682@vsap.uq.edu.au> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 818 One small comment about range - expansion and survival of coral and other associated taxa in the face of climate change: Ignoring the details of arguments about acidity, etc, and just thinking geographically, if climate change does force those taxa away from the equator into higher latitudes, a quick look at any atlas shows that the 'range expansion' argument is invalid for some large parts of the GLobe. Although it may hold water in the Tropical Atlantic, parts of the Pacific, and the densely - packed archipelagos of the Indo-Malay region, in the Indian Ocean (especially the northern INdian Ocean), and other areas this is not the case. My own stamping ground of Arabia, including the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea, provides good examples: force the many hundreds of taxa endemic to that part of the world any further north and they'll have to develop legs and lungs (which may be taking the adaptation hypothesis a little too far): there's nowhere else for them to go except dry land. Similarly, any of the numerous reef-coral taxa endemic to remote islands or island chains in the tropics of any of the worlds oceans are likely to have nowhere to go, simply because they are unable to disperse and colonise areas away from their present home ranges. For poorly dispersing taxa the distance involved may not even have to be very large before it becomes insuperable. Just a thought. Jerry Kemp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 09:24:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA04070; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:24:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05878; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:20:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005799; Sun, 9 Sep 01 13:19:58 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEO0400.KI5 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:16:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJEOF700.9HJ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:25:55 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA06555; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:25:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhAaqZm; Sun, 9 Sep 01 13:25:54 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA06539 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 17:21:13 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA05792 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:20:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA05658; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:17:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005654; Sun, 9 Sep 01 13:16:35 -0400 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA04047; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 09:20:17 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id NAA01679 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:16:24 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 13:16:24 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? In-Reply-To: <015401c13883$b47c49c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 819 I need to make something clear about my original message in "coral reefs doomed?": I was NOT intimating that R. Ormond's statements were made as a "ploy" (ref: colleague M. Risk's post) to gain funding. I can see how one might draw that inference from what I said, but that was definitely not my intent. My overall intent in the message was that a more well-rounded statement on coral reef decline might be more helpful in public statements to the press. However, I am beginning to see that a consensus might be impossible, even if a desirable goal. Cheers, Jim ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 14:32:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA06323; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 14:32:44 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA22641; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 18:29:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022632; Sun, 9 Sep 01 18:28:02 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJF29J00.2IM for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 18:24:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJF2KM00.9JT; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 15:31:34 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA23275; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 15:31:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAArRa4CT; Sun, 9 Sep 01 15:31:33 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA07272 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 22:26:32 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA07273 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 18:26:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MyHost (empF-port19.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.123]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id SAA10468; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 18:23:37 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <026401c1397d$d2032040$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Jim Hendee" , "Coral-List" References: Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 17:29:06 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 820 And, in turn, allow me to make myself clear. Jim Hendee was not one of the people I hoped would take offense at my posting. There has been more than a little game-playing by some reef scientists, re obtaining funding to save the world's reefs from disaster. Neither Jim nor I read Rupert's comments as pleas for more dough, but as the sad conclusions of an experienced scientist. I differ from those conclusions only in scale. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 16:22:46 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA07061; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 16:22:45 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA23200; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:19:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023196; Sun, 9 Sep 01 20:18:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJF7E300.DL6 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:15:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJF7T600.VJD; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:24:42 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA19199; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:24:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAj3aWFL; Sun, 9 Sep 01 20:24:41 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA07381 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 00:19:26 GMT Received: from imo-m01.mx.aol.com (imo-m01.mx.aol.com [64.12.136.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA07402 for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:19:12 -0400 (EDT) From: BTyler3@aol.com Received: from BTyler3@aol.com by imo-m01.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31_r1.7.) id b.7c.1b44097a (7402) for ; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:18:35 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <7c.1b44097a.28cd60da@aol.com> Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:18:34 EDT Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov ('Coral-List') MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="part1_7c.1b44097a.28cd60da_boundary" X-Mailer: AOL 6.0 for Windows US sub 10535 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 821 --part1_7c.1b44097a.28cd60da_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Re: Mark Spalding's comments and others... <>=20 I'd like to throw in my two cents worth about why bothering to study/protect= =20 coral reefs IF(??) they are actually on there way to widespread decline as i= s=20 being discussed here. =A0This probably seems obvious to biologists and=20 managers, but not necessarily to politicians/reporters=20 controlling/influencing the purse strings. =A0 There are other reasons to protect these areas and to maintain water quality= =20 in reef areas other than maintaining hard corals. =A0 What would be the effect of hard coral die-offs from many of the worlds cora= l=20 reefs? =A0No doubt there would be a change in structure, both physical and=20 ecological. =A0Coralline algae, sponges, and possibly soft corals, would lik= ely=20 become the dominant structure-forming organisms. =A0This change in structura= l=20 characteristics would lead to community changes in composition, diversity an= d=20 abundance, but not necessarily complete elimination of important marine=20 resources in these areas. =A0=A0=A0 In the worst case scenario, there may eventually be complete erosion of=20 wave-dissipating functions of the resulting reefs, but this may take much=20 longer. =A0But it seems to me that these altered reef areas would still be=20 valuable marine resources worthy of protection for the future, if nothing=20 else then to help put off the possibly inevitable breakdown of the entire=20 reef structure. =A0=A0Good water quality and management practices should=20 hopefully enhance whatever takes place over the long-term. =A0 Bill Dr. Bill Tyler=20 Indian River Community College Ft. Pierce, FL 561-462-4885 --part1_7c.1b44097a.28cd60da_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Re: Mark Spalding's comments and others...
<<Just a few quick thoughts on this, because tommorrow and Tuesday= I'm going to be facing quite a bit of national and international press rega= rding the launch of the World Atlas of Coral Reefs. I'm quite expecting a qu= estion such as "We heard last week that coral reefs will all be dead within=20= 50 years and there's nothing we can do about it, so why should be bother try= ing?">>=20

I'd like to throw in my two cents worth about why bothering to study/pro= tect coral reefs IF(??) they are actually on there way to widespread decline= as is being discussed here. =A0This probably seems obvious to biologists an= d managers, but not necessarily to politicians/reporters controlling/influen= cing the purse strings. =A0

There are other reasons to protect these areas and to maintain water qua= lity in reef areas other than maintaining hard corals. =A0

What would be the effect of hard coral die-offs from many of the worlds=20= coral reefs? =A0No doubt there would be a change in structure, both physical= and ecological. =A0Coralline algae, sponges, and possibly soft corals, woul= d likely become the dominant structure-forming organisms. =A0This change in=20= structural characteristics would lead to community changes in composition, d= iversity and abundance, but not necessarily complete elimination of importan= t marine resources in these areas. =A0=A0=A0

In the worst case scenario, there may eventually be complete erosion of=20= wave-dissipating functions of the resulting reefs, but this may take much lo= nger. =A0But it seems to me that these altered reef areas would still be val= uable marine resources worthy of protection for the future, if nothing else=20= then to help put off the possibly inevitable breakdown of the entire reef st= ructure. =A0=A0Good water quality and management practices should hopefully=20= enhance whatever takes place over the long-term. =A0

Bill

Dr. Bill Tyler=20
Indian River Community College
Ft. Pierce, FL
561-462-4885 --part1_7c.1b44097a.28cd60da_boundary-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 20:19:18 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA08506; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 20:19:17 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA25336; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 00:15:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025332; Mon, 10 Sep 01 00:14:53 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJFIBM00.SI5 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 00:11:46 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJFIMP00.UJY; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 21:18:25 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA04862; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 21:18:24 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAFDaiFj; Sun, 9 Sep 01 21:18:24 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA07651 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 04:15:21 GMT Received: from smtp7.jaring.my (smtp7.jaring.my [61.6.32.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA07499 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 00:14:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from stingray (j12.kdt.jaring.my [161.142.63.14]) by smtp7.jaring.my (8.11.4/8.11.4) with ESMTP id f8A4Ee326179 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 12:14:50 +0800 (MYT) Message-ID: <00d401c139af$5d212d80$0200a8c0@stingray> Reply-To: "Greenforce Borneo" From: "Greenforce Borneo" To: Subject: The Pulau Banggi Project for Coral Reef Biodiversity - 1st Annual Report Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:45:45 +0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1 X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 822 Dear All I have recently joined the Pulau Banggi Project for Coral Reef Biodiversity and have become an avid follower of the list! We thought that maybe a few of you might be interested in our first annual report presenting data collected by Greenforce on the status of coral reefs in the Banggi region of northern Sabah from July 1999 - September 2000. Greenforce UK, the NGO behind the project, is working in a tri-party agreement with Sabah Department of Fisheries and the Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, University Malaysia Sarawak. Volunteer divers were used for the detailed underwater surveying of abundance and diversity of coral reef organisms, in order to collect data for the assessment of the status of coral reef habitats and marine resources currently available in the Banggi Region. This area has not been studied previously in any great detail and the aims of the project are to collect biodiversity data in order to assess the area's potential for a future management programme. Although indications of over-exploitation have been observed, the area has a high level of biodiversity. Should any of you wish to receive a copy of our first annual report, or any other information, please do not hesitate to contact us. Kindest regards Laura Laura Colombo Chief Scientist Greenforce Pulau Banggi Project for Coral Reef Biodiversity c/o Sri Mahiruddin, PO Box 526, 89508 Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia Tel. + 60 88 671 421 (18:00-22:00h GMT+8h) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 9 21:53:20 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA08988; Sun, 9 Sep 2001 21:53:20 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA25654; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 01:49:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025650; Mon, 10 Sep 01 01:49:34 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJFMPF00.VKM for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 01:46:28 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJFN4J00.0MH; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 01:55:31 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA01971; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 01:55:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAD6aq2d; Mon, 10 Sep 01 01:55:30 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA07695 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 05:50:53 GMT Received: from aims.gov.au (ftp.aims.gov.au [138.7.104.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA07717 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 01:50:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: by aims.gov.au; id PAA08354; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 15:48:02 +1000 (EST) Received: from int-mail.aims.gov.au(138.7.32.14) by purple.aims.gov.au via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1Baiuq; Mon, 10 Sep 01 15:48:02 +1000 Received: from ltmldr2.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.8]) by conch.aims.gov.au (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id PAA22443 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 15:50:27 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: <5.0.0.25.2.20010910153348.00a12510@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: hsweatma@email.aims.gov.au X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.0 Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 15:50:38 +1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Hugh Sweatman Subject: Acanthaster control programs Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 823 Colleagues I am reviewing information related to crown-of-thorns starfish control programs and am interested in strategies, successes, failures, costs, etc. While I can search the mainstream literature, a lot of what gets written down about such programs is in very grey literature that is not always well referenced. I would be interested to hear from people involved in programs over the last 10-12 years (post-Birkeland and Lucas) and especially about any documentation. Please address replies to me (rather than clogging everyone's mailboxes) and I will post a summary on coral-list shortly. Hugh Sweatman Long Term Monitoring Program, Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB3 Townsville MC, Qld 4810 Australia ph: (07) 4753 4470 / +61 747 534470 [GMT +10] faxes: (07) 4772 5852 / (07) 4753 4288 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 10 06:10:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA15734; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 06:09:59 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA03075; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:06:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003054; Mon, 10 Sep 01 10:05:18 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJG9NN00.HJS for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:02:11 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJG9YR00.ESR; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 07:08:51 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA16610; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 07:08:50 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhvaGBG; Mon, 10 Sep 01 07:08:50 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA09100 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 14:05:05 GMT Received: from ns1.carats.net (ns1.carats.net [209.58.22.30]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA09084 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:04:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from david (sub-166ip125.carats.net [216.152.166.125]) by ns1.carats.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA07084 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:16:32 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <00bd01c13a01$55a157e0$7da698d8@david> From: "Saba National Marine Park" To: Subject: manager looking for new position Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:03:12 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00BA_01C139DF.CD619820" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 824 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_00BA_01C139DF.CD619820 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear readers, The manager of the Saba National Marine Park, David Kooistra, is looking = for another position. His r=E9sum=E9 can be found at = www.sabapark.com/staff/cv-djk.htm If you happen to know an available position in this particular field, = i.e. marine protected area management and coordination, please contact = smp@unspoiledqueen.com David Kooistra Manager Saba Marine Park/Saba Hyperbaric Facility PO Box 18, The Bottom Saba, Netherlands Antilles Phone: 599 416 3295 Fax: 599 416 3435 Web-site: www.sabapark.com P.S. please note our new e-mail address smp@unspoiledqueen.com ------=_NextPart_000_00BA_01C139DF.CD619820 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear readers,

The manager of the Saba National Marine Park, = David=20 Kooistra, is looking for another position. His r=E9sum=E9 can be = found at www.sabapark.com/staff/= cv-djk.htm

If you happen to know an available position in this = particular=20 field, i.e. marine protected area management and coordination, please = contact smp@unspoiledqueen.com<= /DIV>

David Kooistra
Manager Saba Marine Park/Saba = Hyperbaric=20 Facility
PO Box 18, The Bottom
Saba, Netherlands = Antilles

Phone: 599 416 3295
Fax: 599 416 = 3435

Web-site: www.sabapark.com

P.S. please note our new e-mail address smp@unspoiledqueen.com<= /DIV> ------=_NextPart_000_00BA_01C139DF.CD619820-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 10 07:25:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA18279; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 07:25:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA05647; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 11:21:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005639; Mon, 10 Sep 01 11:20:31 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJGD5100.3M9 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 11:17:25 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJGDK300.3VH; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 11:26:27 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA23604; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 11:26:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtna4fU; Mon, 10 Sep 01 11:26:26 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA09241 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 15:21:18 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu (umigw.miami.edu [129.171.97.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA09373 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 11:20:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 11132 invoked by uid 7794); 10 Sep 2001 15:20:56 -0000 Received: from jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 0.632824 secs); 10/09/2001 11:20:55 Received: from jmcmanus.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO jmcmanus) (129.171.104.91) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 10 Sep 2001 15:20:55 -0000 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Amy Baco" , Subject: RE: Benthic Hard-Substrate Diversity Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 11:20:06 -0400 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 825 There are a lot of benthic surveys (several hundred) summarized on the ReefBase CD-ROM. If the data is too summarized for your purposes, you could find the original references there and track down the reports. Look for ordering details at www.reefbase.org, or contact the ReefBase team at ICLARM. John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Amy Baco Sent: Friday, September 07, 2001 9:05 PM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Benthic Hard-Substrate Diversity Aloha! I am looking for some recent references for coral and/or other shallow water hard substrate diversity. I am particularly interested in references which include a complete speices list for all taxa (not just sessile inverts. eg.) and number of individuals of each species. I have done a number of literature searches, but there seem to be few papers which include all taxa (and even fewer that include the data). The most recent reference I have for corals is Austin 1980. Any help would be greatly apprecaited! Thanks! -Amy Amy Baco-Taylor University of Hawaii Department of Oceanography 1000 Pope Road Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Phone (808) 956-6050 FAX (808) 956-9516 abaco@iniki.soest.hawaii.edu ------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe from marbio, please send this message: unsubscribe marbio to: majordomo@mote.org Please do not send this message to the list itself. Thank you. MARBIO originates at Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL USA http://www.mote.org ------------------------------------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 10 10:02:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA22483; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 10:02:30 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA09454; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 13:58:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009440; Mon, 10 Sep 01 13:58:33 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJGKGF00.CLJ for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 13:55:27 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJGKVJ00.R4Q; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 14:04:31 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA26262; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 14:04:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAALFaasZ; Mon, 10 Sep 01 14:04:30 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA09715 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 17:54:24 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA09758 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 13:54:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJGKED00.3BY; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 13:54:13 -0400 Message-ID: <3B9CFF8C.B2CD30F4@noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 13:59:40 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-List Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? References: Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------FE150933A4C682C68DB8AB01" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 826 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------FE150933A4C682C68DB8AB01 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA09715 Dear Ove, Bob, and others, It seems about the right time to correct a misimpression that we spoke to= at Bali last October. Our Bali paper noted that NOAA=92s satellite SST data= from around the tropics were believed to have been indicating an alarming incr= ease (upward tendency =96 hardly a =93trend=94!) over the past two decades=85l= atitudinally as high as 0.5 deg C at 5 N latitude! A re-evaluation of these data, throug= h a program sponsored by NASA and NOAA, called =93Pathfinder=94 has taken all= the year-to-year improvements in making correct measurements over that time i= nterval and reprocessed the data in an up-to-date and uniform fashion. More impor= tantly, in-situ SST data from all the drifting and fixed buoys available were uti= lized to both validate and correct satellite calibrations on a regular basis. = From Pathfinder we now believe that we have a more accurate set of NOAA satell= ite SST observations=85the best results for buoy comparisons are still seen when = using only those Pathfinder satellite SSTs made at night. >From Pathfinder nighttime SST observations (Paper will be presented at th= e upcoming Ocean Sciences AGU) it is seen that SSTs through most of the tro= pical latitudes have not been rising but holding rather steady. In fact some r= egions have been showing steady DECLINES in SST. We still are finding greater d= eclines in the southern hemisphere (reported at the Bali meeting) but even northe= rn tropical locations show decreases: e.g., region around Midway; the region= known as =93The Warm Pool=94 both continue to trend downward during the 80s and= 90s. Even though much of the Indian Ocean experienced devastating bleaching from hi= gh SSTs in the late 90s, this area is basically experiencing a downward SST tende= ncy. There are several regions that may be showing statistically significant increases, but this final say will not be official until the Feb 2002 Oce= an Sciences meeting when we expect to have =93Pathfinder=94 1999 and 2000 SS= T data fully incorporated. Regions that have been experiencing upward tendencie= s are: American Samoa =96 Fiji =96 Cook Islands; some regions of the Caribbean (= especially eastern portions); Mexican=92s Pacific coast; Red Sea; Arabian Sea/Persia= n Gulf; and possibly the extreme southern regions of GBR. There are other region= s in the northern Atlantic and Pacific, outside areas of interest to coral fol= ks, that show upward trends. These upward tendencies may be starting to sho= w effects of climate increases that, from the oceans standpoint seem to be = mostly noted at higher latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere=85.see you at Oceans Sciences. Footnote: A much scarier scenario is seen when the 1997/98 El Nino period is incorp= orated, a scenario we believe that will be largely eliminated with the addition o= f 1999 and 2000 SST data. Any trends ending during such a significant event are =93statistically flawed.=94 What some are concerned about for the future= of coral reefs from the standpoint of temperature is what will El Ninos be like ov= er the next 50 years=85So far I know of no reliable model with the answer to tha= t question=85 Cheers, Al > -------- Original Message -------- > > World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns > By Ed Cropley, Reuters > Thursday, September 06, 2001 > > GLASGOW, Scotland =97 The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 ye= ars > because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them,= a > scientist warned Wednesday. > > "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will = be > lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told = a > science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to th= e > tropical rain forests." > > Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any cha= nce > of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning > marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue t= o > creep up. > > In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-ea= ting > crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the > over-fishing of their predators. > > Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of natu= re's > most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleac= hing. > > Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warm= er > water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs= , die > off within weeks. > > Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of betwee= n one > and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of > greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. > > But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon > dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too > late to > save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that > there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide level= s and > any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the > British Association for the Advancement of Science. > > The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral > structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inha= bit > the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die = out. > "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over tim= e, > the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. > > Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and > shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the = wrath > of the oceans without their natural defenses. > > In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means ma= ny > developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the > Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. > > The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to eme= rge > in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. > > Copyright 2001 =97 Reuters > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------FE150933A4C682C68DB8AB01 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------FE150933A4C682C68DB8AB01-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 10 16:50:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA00018; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 16:50:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA16981; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 20:46:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016973; Mon, 10 Sep 01 20:45:42 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJH3AZ00.TMV for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 20:42:35 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJH3Q400.FF7; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 20:51:40 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA19646; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 20:51:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAJGaaxM; Mon, 10 Sep 01 20:51:38 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA10450 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 00:44:50 GMT Received: from femail35.sdc1.sfba.home.com (femail35.sdc1.sfba.home.com [24.254.60.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA10539 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 20:44:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from c27294-b.oshadavidson.com ([24.182.69.152]) by femail35.sdc1.sfba.home.com (InterMail vM.4.01.03.20 201-229-121-120-20010223) with ESMTP id <20010911004426.DFIC12461.femail35.sdc1.sfba.home.com@c27294-b.oshadavidson.com> for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 17:44:26 -0700 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.2.20010910193520.02b70a30@mail.oshadavidson.com> X-Sender: osha@mail.oshadavidson.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 19:45:49 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Osha Gray Davidson Subject: Nitrates Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 827 In an effort somewhat related to the recent thread about the fate of coral reefs and anthropogenic threats, I'm trying to compare the various N contributions (in the form of nitrate) of different states in the USA. I'm attempting to drive home the fact that we're ALL coastal states--because most of what we put into our rivers ends up in the ocean. I live in Iowa--about as far from the ocean as you can get in the US. Yet, Iowa contributes approx. 250,000 tons of nitrate/year flowing into the Gulf of Mexico. I'd like to put this in perspective, comparing Iowa's nitrate contribution to that of "truly" coastal states. Can anyone help with this? If you know the amount of NO3 coming from coastal states, could you please let me know? Or if anyone can tell me where that information can be found, just point me in the right direction. Thanks for any help. Cheers, Osha ================================ Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha@oshadavidson.com USA "Fire in the Turtle House: The Green Sea Turtle and the Fate of the Ocean" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 10 17:25:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA00372; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 17:25:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA17185; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:21:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017178; Mon, 10 Sep 01 21:20:33 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJH4X200.MLL for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:17:26 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJH5C700.LGN; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:26:31 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA21830; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:26:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtfaGOQ; Mon, 10 Sep 01 21:26:29 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA10611 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 01:21:52 GMT Received: from mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net (mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net [204.127.131.50]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA10572 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:21:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alinal.uncwil.edu ([12.77.180.232]) by mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20010911012102.PNZU28026.mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net@alinal.uncwil.edu>; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 01:21:02 +0000 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.0.20010910210805.00ac4710@pop.uncwil.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:18:37 -0400 To: Mike Risk , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? In-Reply-To: <015401c13883$b47c49c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 828 Dear Mike:

In your recent Coral List message you made the following statement:
".... is that land-based sources of pollution have ineradicably slain more coral reefs than all other causes put together. The references on this are close to countless...."

Having tried to track down peer-reviewed published work on this subject and having found the Kaneohe Bay case, and some of Jorge Cortes and your work on Costa Rica reefs buried in sediments to be the only scientifically credible major studies of reef decline due to pollution, I'd greatly appreciate being directed to the "countless references". I am sure there are others on Coral List whom also would be interested. Hopefully you have a master list of such references on your computer you could send out as an attachment or post on a web site for our edification while your office is being remodeled.

Thanks,

Alina Szmant

To all our American and = nature lovers=20 elsewhere

Please accept our deepest = concern and=20 condolences, following the horrendous attack on common sense and = human=20 freedom.

Your friends in Israel =

Dr. Jacob=20 Dafni

------=_NextPart_000_0023_01C13AFC.BBCE17A0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 11 10:16:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA15113; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 10:15:59 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01832; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 14:12:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001828; Tue, 11 Sep 01 14:12:11 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJIFR500.2N7 for ; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 14:09:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJIG2800.GVF; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 11:15:44 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA19814; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 11:15:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhMaqSM; Tue, 11 Sep 01 11:15:43 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA12672 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 18:07:00 GMT Received: from web1.webave.net (IDENT:root@web1.webave.net [207.203.36.9]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA12707 for ; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 14:06:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from ntfs2.conshelf.com (mail.conshelf.com [207.203.36.209]) by web1.webave.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA27154 for ; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 14:09:53 -0400 Received: by NTFS2 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) id ; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 14:05:17 -0400 Message-ID: <21210D756C55D3118EEC00C0F049A30E213393@NTFS2> From: "Stokesbury, Karen" To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" Cc: CSA Outbound Mail Subject: Two job listings Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 14:05:11 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 833 Below are two job listings that we currently have available. DATA ANALYST/STATISTICIAN Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. is interested in hiring an individual with strong data/statistical analysis skills and a demonstrated background in marine environmental sciences. The successful applicant will participate in all phases of projects from experimental design through data management, data analysis, and report writing. The preferred qualifications are either 1) a graduate degree in marine biology, biological oceanography, or related field with a strong, demonstrated background in the application of univariate and multivariate statistics to ecological data or 2) a graduate degree in statistics with a strong, demonstrated background in the analysis of marine environmental data. Qualified applicants interested in working for small, dynamic marine sciences consulting firm located in southeastern Florida should submit a cover letter with CV/resume, three professional references, and salary requirements to kstokesbury@conshelf.com or K. Stokesbury, Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 759 Parkway Street, Jupiter, FL 33477. MARINE BIOLOGIST/BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHER Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. is interested in adding a marine biologist/biological oceanographer to its staff. The successful candidate must have a thorough understanding of NEPA and the ESA and must have demonstrated experience in managing, writing, and editing technical documents for NEPA, ESA, and BA marine resource assessments. This individual also will be involved in project development, project management, technical support, literature reviews, and field studies to assess baseline conditions of marine habitats and potential project impacts of marine ecosystems and their components. An advanced degree (M.S. or Ph.D.) in marine biology, biological oceanography, or fisheries is required. Experimental design, statistical analysis, and supervisory experience with demonstrated writing ability is preferred. In addition, experience working with government agencies (DOD-Navy, Air Force; DOI-USFWS, MMS, NOAA/NMFS) is a plus. Consulting experience is preferred but not required. Qualified applicants interested in working for a small, dynamic marine sciences consulting firm located in southeastern Florida should submit a cover letter with CV/resume, three professional references, and salary requirements to kstokesbury@conshelf.com or K. Stokesbury, Continental Shelf Associates, Inc., 759 Parkway Street, Jupiter, FL 33477. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 10 17:25:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA00372; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 17:25:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA17185; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:21:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017178; Mon, 10 Sep 01 21:20:33 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJH4X200.MLL for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:17:26 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJH5C700.LGN; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:26:31 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA21830; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:26:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtfaGOQ; Mon, 10 Sep 01 21:26:29 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA10611 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 01:21:52 GMT Received: from mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net (mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net [204.127.131.50]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA10572 for ; Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:21:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from alinal.uncwil.edu ([12.77.180.232]) by mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20010911012102.PNZU28026.mtiwmhc25.worldnet.att.net@alinal.uncwil.edu>; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 01:21:02 +0000 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.0.20010910210805.00ac4710@pop.uncwil.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:18:37 -0400 To: Mike Risk , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? In-Reply-To: <015401c13883$b47c49c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 834 Dear Mike:

In your recent Coral List message you made the following statement:
".... is that land-based sources of pollution have ineradicably slain more coral reefs than all other causes put together. The references on this are close to countless...."

Having tried to track down peer-reviewed published work on this subject and having found the Kaneohe Bay case, and some of Jorge Cortes and your work on Costa Rica reefs buried in sediments to be the only scientifically credible major studies of reef decline due to pollution, I'd greatly appreciate being directed to the "countless references". I am sure there are others on Coral List whom also would be interested. Hopefully you have a master list of such references on your computer you could send out as an attachment or post on a web site for our edification while your office is being remodeled.

Thanks,

Alina Szmant

*****************************************************************
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Center for Marine Science
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
One Marvin K. Moss Lane
Wilmington NC 28409
TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410
email: szmanta@uncwil.edu
Presently in Key Largo: (305)453-4595
***************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 11 16:26:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA19728; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 16:26:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA07343; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 20:22:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007335; Tue, 11 Sep 01 20:21:52 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJIWVA00.8OI for ; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 20:18:46 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJIX6D00.G11; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 17:25:25 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA15080; Tue, 11 Sep 2001 17:25:24 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAH5ayCD; Tue, 11 Sep 01 17:25:24 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA01321 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 00:20:08 GMT Message-Id: <200109120020.AAA01321@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Mike Risk" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? Argh without refs Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 15:45:39 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 835 Hi Alina. I always have an excuse for not doing homework. In this case, my wife = (Jodie Smith) is in surgery, I am taking a break to do email, but have = no intention of doing science for several days. (She's OK.) The largest problem here, as you are no doubt aware, is that, after 30 = years of using the same survey techniques: we have damn few long-term = records. So every argument that land-based sources cause stress may be = met with the counterargument, that you have no basis for concluding = that. (No matter that it's a BS argument-in these days of embracing = traditional knowledge, the one source we refuse to acknowledge is the = memory banks of aging reef scientists...) BUt here's a start. One of the best/worst places to see this is in SE = Asia. Tom Tomascik has documented disappearance of whole reefs in Pulau = Seribu (Thousand Islands), off Jakarta, within historical times-used old = data sets from the days of Umgrove. His work has appeared in various = iterations, including his book, and the Ginsburg Miami volume. Edinger = worked in several locations in Indonesia, with some of my other = students-published 2000 (?), Mar Poll Bull, plus several other summary = papers. The effect of a combo of sediments and sewage ranges from a = large drop in biodiversity and coral cover, to (most often) complete = extirpation. It classifies as a regional mass extinction: he estimated a = loss of (?) 40% of generic diversity of corals in the past 15 years. = Climate change had zip to do with it. Sri Lanka lost almost all of its reefs over the past decade... If I feel like doing science in a few weeks, I'll get back to you. = Promise. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 12 04:11:55 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA25986; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 04:11:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA11545; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:08:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011540; Wed, 12 Sep 01 08:07:30 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJJTJC00.MNQ for ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:04:24 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJJTYI00.H93; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:13:30 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA23648; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:13:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAArhaijU; Wed, 12 Sep 01 08:13:28 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02474 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 12:01:55 GMT Message-Id: <200109121201.MAA02474@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Elena de la Guardia" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: coral reef in toronto Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 23:31:10 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 836 Dear Coral listers I am looking for collaboration in coral ecology and/or coral diseases studies at some institution or Univesity in Toronto. - perhaps one of you may know a person working in that there- Or if anyone can tell me where that information can be found? Any help would be greatly apprecaited! Thank you very much, write directly to me. Elena de la Guardia centro de Investigaciones Marinas Universidad de la Habana. EdelaGuardia@nova.uh.cu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 12 06:05:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA28415; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 06:05:29 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA15012; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 10:01:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015002; Wed, 12 Sep 01 10:01:41 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJJYTO00.2O9 for ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 09:58:36 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJJZ0R00.H7K; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 07:02:51 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA03996; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 07:02:50 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAI8aqZh; Wed, 12 Sep 01 07:02:50 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA02750 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 13:55:56 GMT Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2001 13:55:56 GMT Message-Id: <200109121355.NAA02750@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: Holdsworth Associates To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: World Atlas of Coral Reefs Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 837 LONDON, 11 September 2001 - Scientists who have compiled the most detailed assessment to date of coral reefs have shown that these precious marine ecosystems occupy a much smaller area of the planet than previously assumed. Although distributed in 101 countries and territories, where they are vital for fisheries, coastal protection, tourism and wildlife, they occupy less than one tenth of one percent of the oceans. The findings give new urgency to protect and conserve these important, valuable and seductively beautiful habitats which are under increasing threat from activities such as dynamite fishing, pollution, and climate change. For the first time ever we have a comprehensive assessment of where coral reefs are and what state they are in around the world. The World Atlas of Coral Reefs, prepared by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) provides a new global estimate for coral reefs world-wide: 284 300 sq km, an area just half the size of France. For the first time, it also provides reef area estimates for individual countries (see note to editors) and includes detailed maps and statistics for all the world's coral reef nations. "Our new Atlas clearly shows that coral reefs are under assault," says Klaus Toepfer, UNEP Executive Director. "They are rapidly being degraded by human activities. They are over-fished, bombed and poisoned. They are smothered by sediment, and choked by algae growing on nutrient rich sewage and fertilizer run-off. They are damaged by irresponsible tourism and are being severely stressed by the warming of the world's oceans. Each of these pressures is bad enough in itself, but together, the cocktail is proving lethal." For editors: Press information: Rachel Holdsworth,PR consultant UNEP-WCMC, tel 01954 202789. rachel@holdsworth-associates.co.uk A full statement from UNEP, details of the Atlas and background information is available http://www.press-pack.com. You may also find some useful material on the web site that has been specially set up for the launch of the book http://www.unep-wcmc.org/marine/coralatlas/presspack/ This has some photos and maps that you may find useful. All the photos used in the book are available to be used but those not included on web site are subject to separate negotiation. further information is available at www.press-pack.com not the address given below ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 12 07:47:41 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA01897; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 07:47:40 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA18128; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 11:43:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018101; Wed, 12 Sep 01 11:43:54 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJK3K000.1PD for ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 11:40:48 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJK3V400.LCH; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:47:28 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA19463; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:47:27 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABraW_L; Wed, 12 Sep 01 08:47:26 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA01247 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 15:43:35 GMT Received: from gscamnlh01.wr.usgs.gov (gscamnlh01.wr.usgs.gov [130.118.4.115]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA01243 for ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 11:43:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [131.247.143.251] ([131.247.143.251]) by gscamnlh01.wr.usgs.gov (Lotus Domino Release 5.0.8) with ESMTP id 2001091208432094:51759 ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:43:20 -0700 X-Sender: eshinn@gsflstpm01.er.usgs.gov Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2001 11:43:27 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Gene Shinn Subject: Global warming/reefs and CO2 X-MIMETrack: Itemize by SMTP Server on gscamnlh01/SERVER/USGS/DOI(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 09/12/2001 08:43:21 AM, Serialize by Router on gscamnlh01/SERVER/USGS/DOI(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 09/12/2001 08:43:23 AM, Serialize complete at 09/12/2001 08:43:23 AM Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 838 Those following the global warming and coral reefs issues might be interested in these websites. Gene http://www.co2science.org/edit/v4_edit/v4n37edit.htm http://www.co2science.org/subject/a/summaries/africaiceage.htm http://www.co2science.org ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/african_dust/ | E. A. Shinn email eshinn@usgs.gov USGS Center for Coastal Geology | 600 4th St. South | voice (727) 803-8747 x3030 St.Petersburg, FL 33701 | fax (727) 803-2032 ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 12 08:07:53 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA02683; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 08:07:52 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA18692; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 12:04:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018682; Wed, 12 Sep 01 12:03:44 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJK4H300.TPZ for ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 12:00:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJK4W900.VCY; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 12:09:45 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA25940; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 12:09:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAc1aqQY; Wed, 12 Sep 01 12:09:44 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA01331 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 16:03:53 GMT Message-Id: <200109121603.QAA01331@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 08:20:21 -0400 From: Lindy S Johnson To: phodgson@hkplanet.com Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Arthur E Paterson , Roger B Griffis , Lisa Symons , John Hales , Erich Frey , Jim Hendee Subject: No Anchoring Area Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 839 [Note: this was forwarded to coral-list as follow-up to original post] Mr. Hodgson--Hello! My name is Lindy Johnson and I work with NOAA General Counsel's Office of International Law. I would like to provide you some information regarding your email on no anchoring areas. I'm not sure if this directly responds to your request since your question appears to be aimed more at the marking of such an area with buoys and the type of buoys to be used rather than the actual establishment of the area. Therefore, if it is a type of buoy you are looking for, this information may not be relevant. I do not know whether there is any type of buoy that enjoys international recognition, I have copied some other folks on this email who may have a better idea about that issue. I am unclear from your email as to what type of vessel is actually causing the damage to your coral, whether it is from small boats or from large, commercial ships. If the damage is being caused by small ships, it sounds as if you need advice from someone on the types of buoys to put in to mark it. As I said above, if this is the case, it is not my area, so I will defer that question to others. You may also want to consider setting up mooring buoys in or beyond the no anchoring area to facilitate compliance with the prohibition. By the way, there was a speech on anchor damage given at the recent Coral Reef Symposium by Dinsdale E., Dinesen Z, Selecting Indicators to Assess Strategies to Control Anchor Damage on Fringing Reefs in the Whitsunday Region, Great Barrier Reef". You may want to check the proceedings to see if they submitted a paper and contact them. If the damage is being caused by large, commercial ships then you could also submit a proposal to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to establish a "no anchoring area". IMO is a Specialized Agency of the United Nations that addresses international shipping issues. The ability to establish such areas was just created by IMO in December 2000. Such areas may, after submission to IMO, be established by a country in areas where anchoring is unsafe, unstable, or particularly hazardous or where anchoring could result in unacceptable damage to the marine environment. Although you could establish a no anchoring area in this bay purely as a matter of domestic law without going to IMO, IMO adoption of such an anchoring area will assist ships steer clear of these areas by requiring that all countries producing charts for international navigation mark such areas on their charts. The no anchoring area measure focuses on prevention, instead of enforcement and liability after the damage has already occurred. There is an international symbol to mark such areas on charts which has been developed by the International Hydrographic Office; generally speaking, this symbol is an anchor with an X through it. Finally, NOAA has agreed to act as lead country in preparing a guidance document for countries that will eventually be put up on the ICRI website on how to submit such a proposal to IMO. We are in the process of developing the first draft of that document now. If this is the mechanism that seems most appropriate, please let me know and we can talk further about it. I hope this information is useful to you. If you have any further questions for me, please do not hesitate to contact me. Lindy S. Johnson 202-482-5887 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 12 17:54:48 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA14619; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 17:54:47 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA00658; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 21:51:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000648; Wed, 12 Sep 01 21:50:27 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJKVMY00.6RK for ; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 21:47:22 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJKW2400.OS9; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 21:56:28 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA13553; Wed, 12 Sep 2001 21:56:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAuvaaEA; Wed, 12 Sep 01 21:56:27 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA02244 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 01:45:08 GMT Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 01:45:08 GMT Message-Id: <200109130145.BAA02244@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: Jim Hendee To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Spate of viruses Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 840 Ladies & Gentlemen, NOAA email is currently being beseiged by a virus. Until things cool down, coral-list will be temporarily shutdown in order to help keep from inadvertently helping to spread the virus. I apologize for the incovenience. Sincerely yours, Jim ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 13 04:32:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA20843; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 04:32:14 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA05897; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 08:28:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005889; Thu, 13 Sep 01 08:27:38 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJLP4W00.MQO for ; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 08:24:32 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJLPK300.C2L; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 08:33:39 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA00920; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 08:33:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApiaWYb; Thu, 13 Sep 01 08:33:38 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA03484 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 12:27:05 GMT Message-Id: <200109131227.MAA03484@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 08:20:03 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee To: Coral-List Subject: Terrorism, coral-list Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 841 Re: Spate of viruses: On second thought, I'm not going to let the dirty rotten scoundrels who write viruses e-Terrorize our great club of coral researchers and enthusiasts by shutting down coral-list, even temporarily--I believe I have enough protection installed to protect list subscribers (mainly through moderation of the list, which I will do temporarily), and I hope you have installed the latest virus checker on your computer. Please resume sending whatever coral news you feel is appropriate to the list. And in that spirit, I think I speak for all Americans in thanking our international colleagues who have sent us their messages of condolences during this enormous national tragedy, the massacre of thousands in our country at the hands of unconscionable zealots on September 11, 2001. This great nation and the freedom it stands for will not be intimidated, but will endure and triumph. I leave you with a quote (which I personally feel applies to the plight of corals, as well as to our national sadness) from Sir Winston Churchill, and a message from the Canadian broadcaster, Gordon Sinclair. ~~~~~~ "For myself, I am an optimist. It does not seem to be much use being anything else." -- Sir Winston Churchill ~~~~~~ From a Canadian newspaper some time ago: America: The Good Neighbor. Widespread but only partial news coverage was given recently to a remarkable editorial broadcast from Toronto by Gordon Sinclair, a Canadian television commentator. What follows is the full text of his trenchant remarks as printed in the Congressional Record: "This Canadian thinks it is time to speak up for the Americans as the most generous and possibly the least appreciated people on all the earth. Germany, Japan and, to a lesser extent, Britain and Italy were lifted out of the debris of war by the Americans who poured in billions of dollars and forgave other billions in debts. None of these countries is today paying even the interest on its remaining debts to the United States. When France was in danger of collapsing in 1956, it was the Americans who propped it up, and their reward was to be insulted and swindled on the streets of Paris. I was there. I saw it. When earthquakes hit distant cities, it is the United States that hurries in to help. This spring, 59 American communities were flattened by tornadoes. Nobody helped. The Marshall Plan and the Truman Policy pumped billions of dollars into discouraged countries. Now newspapers in those countries are writing about the decadent, warmongering Americans. I'd like to see just one of those countries that is gloating over the erosion of the United States dollar build its own airplane. Does any other country in the world have a plane to equal the Boeing Jumbo Jet, the Lockheed Tri-Star, or the Douglas DC10? If so, why don't they fly them? Why do all the International lines except Russia fly American Planes? Why does no other land on earth even consider putting a man or woman on the moon? You talk about Japanese technocracy, and you get radios. You talk about German technocracy, and you get automobiles. You talk about American technocracy, and you find men on the moon -! not once, but several times - and safely home again. You talk about scandals, and the Americans put theirs right in the store window for everybody to look at. Even their draft-dodgers are not pursued and hounded. They are here on our streets, and most of them, unless they are breaking Canadian laws, are getting American dollars from ma and pa at home to spend here. When the railways of France, Germany and India were breaking down through age, it was the Americans who rebuilt them. When the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central went broke, nobody loaned them an old caboose. Both are still broke. I can name you 5000 times when the Americans raced to the help of other people in trouble. Can you name me even one time when someone else raced to the Americans in trouble? I don't think there was outside help even during the San Francisco earthquake. Our neighbors have faced it alone, and I'm one Canadian who is damned tired of hearing them get kicked around. They will come out of this thing with their flag high. And when they do, they are entitled to thumb their nose at the lands that are gloating over their present troubles. I hope Canada is not one of those." Stand proud, America! ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 13 06:36:42 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA23534; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 06:36:41 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA09627; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 10:32:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009600; Thu, 13 Sep 01 10:32:44 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJLUXD00.K0K for ; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 10:29:37 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJLV8I00.D57; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 07:36:18 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA00649; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 07:36:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAQZaaqb; Thu, 13 Sep 01 07:36:17 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA03769 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 13 Sep 2001 14:30:35 GMT Message-Id: <200109131430.OAA03769@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 10:17:14 -0400 To: Jim Hendee , Coral-List From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Re: Terrorism, coral-list Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 842 Hi Jim (CORAL-Lers) The commentary by Canadian Gordon Sinclair, "American: The Good Neighbor" has been making the rounds. I note with interest the introduction, "From a Canadian newspaper some time ago". "some time ago" Jim turns out to be June 5, 1973. Please see the commentary in its entirety at: Canadian broadcast/journalist Gordon Sinclair died in 1984 at age 84. I believe he'd be gratified that the words he spoke in 1973 are giving comfort to Americans close to 30 years later. I'm Canadian also. (In fact my husband and I were on a flight from Hawaii back to Canada the night of September 10th. We arrived in Toronto about 6:30 am September 11th. Save but a few hours the other way and we'd have been stranded like so many others still are.) I just re-read Sinclair's comment and can only add one thing. As a Canadian I know what "United States" means. "United States" isn't just the prime defender (and sometimes it appears the sole defender) of democracy, but the best friend Canada has ever had. Lots of Canadians know this. Sinclair just said it best, that's all. Sweet and loud. Jim, I appreciate the work you put into keeping CORAL-L running. This is a wonderful mailing list --and community. Best wishes, Ursula TURTLE TRAX ------------------------------------------- At 08:20 AM 9/13/01 -0400, Jim Hendee wrote: >Re: Spate of viruses: > >On second thought, I'm not going to let the dirty rotten scoundrels who >write viruses e-Terrorize our great club of coral researchers and >enthusiasts by shutting down coral-list, even temporarily--I believe I >have enough protection installed to protect list subscribers (mainly >through moderation of the list, which I will do temporarily), and I hope >you have installed the latest virus checker on your computer. Please >resume sending whatever coral news you feel is appropriate to the list. > >And in that spirit, I think I speak for all Americans in thanking our >international colleagues who have sent us their messages of condolences >during this enormous national tragedy, the massacre of thousands in our >country at the hands of unconscionable zealots on September 11, 2001. This >great nation and the freedom it stands for will not be intimidated, but >will endure and triumph. > >I leave you with a quote (which I personally feel applies to the plight of >corals, as well as to our national sadness) from Sir Winston Churchill, >and a message from the Canadian broadcaster, Gordon Sinclair. > >~~~~~~ >"For myself, I am an optimist. It does not seem to be much use being >anything else." > -- Sir Winston Churchill >~~~~~~ > > From a Canadian newspaper some time ago: > > America: The Good Neighbor. > > Widespread but only partial news coverage was given > recently to a remarkable editorial broadcast from > Toronto by Gordon Sinclair, a Canadian television > commentator. What follows is the full text of his > trenchant remarks as printed in the Congressional Record: > "This Canadian thinks it is time to speak up for the > Americans as the most generous and possibly the least > appreciated people on all the earth. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 14 02:14:03 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA12060; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 02:14:03 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA00372; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 06:10:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000362; Fri, 14 Sep 01 06:09:20 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJNDEE00.02Y for ; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 06:06:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJNDTO00.QP2; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 06:15:24 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA23611; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 06:15:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkYaWgU; Fri, 14 Sep 01 06:15:23 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA05557 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 09:59:00 GMT Message-Id: <200109140959.JAA05557@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: tlsnell@acsu.buffalo.edu Date: Fri Sep 14 05:51:57 2001 From: "Tonya L. Snell" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Candelight vigil being planned Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 843 Friday Night at 7:00 p.m. EST (4:00 p.m. in California) step out of your door, stop your car, or step out of your establishment and light a candle. We will show the world that Americans are strong and united together against terrorism. The message: WE STAND UNITED - WE WILL NOT TOLERATE TERRORISM! ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 14 02:14:03 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA12062; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 02:14:03 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA00377; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 06:10:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000364; Fri, 14 Sep 01 06:09:22 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJNDEG00.I38 for ; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 06:06:16 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJNDPL00.9UZ; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 03:12:57 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA14766; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 03:12:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAf4aW0C; Fri, 14 Sep 01 03:12:56 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA05552 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 10:01:04 GMT Message-Id: <200109141001.KAA05552@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 15:52:30 -1000 (HST) From: Jennifer E Smith Subject: Re: Ocean Sciences 2002 Meeting To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 844 Friends and Colleagues, On behalf of myself, and John Runcie we would like to announce a special session that we are convening at the ASLO and AGU 2002 Ocean Sciences meeting this spring, Feb. 11-15th in Honolulu. We encourage you to submit abstracts on research conducted in any field/area related to nutrients and coastal ecosystems both tropical and temperate to session OS42: Nutrient Dynamics in Coastal Ecosystems: Linking Physical and Biological Processes (abstract follows). If you have any questions feel free to contact myself, or John. More information can be obtained on the following web page: http://www.agu.org/meetings/os02top.html Important Dates: November 1, 2001 - Deadline for receipt of the Postal/Express Mail Abstracts November 8, 2001 at 1400 UTC - Deadline for receipt of the Electronic Abstract January 11, 2002 - Deadline for pre-registration and housing February 11-15, 2002 - 2002 Ocean Sciences, Honolulu, Hawaii OS42 Nutrient Dynamics in Coastal Ecosystems: Linking Physical and Biological Processes Understanding the relative importance of natural and human-induced elevated-nutrient events on coastal ecosystems is an important global issue. As yet there are few clear answers. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the hydrology of coastal waters, the ecology of the organisms living in these waters and their physiology; nutrient dynamics have been an important component in many of these studies. Yet, of these studies, few cross the traditional lines of discipline. In temperate regions, upwelling and large scale physical processes have long been shown to deliver substantial levels of nutrients to coastal ecosytems, thereby supporting high biomass communities such as kelp forests. In contrast, tropical marine communities are generally considered to be nutrient limited where they exist on tightly recycled and newly generated nutrients. However, recent research has shown that not all tropical areas conform to this paradigm. The effects of localized and large scale physical processes on tropical benthic or pelagic communities remains largely unstudied. Anthropogenic nutrient imputs in both temperate and tropical regions have often been suggested as the primary cause of large scale phase shifts in benthic marine communities. The precise role of nutrients in these ecosystem-wide changes remains largely debated. This session is intended to be a forum where researchers from a variety of disciplines present their views of how best we can understand the real influence of elevated nutrients on coastal ecosystems. An integral part of the session is to open the floor for discussion in the form of open questions for any of the speakers in the session. We hope to break down some of the barriers between researchers traditionally working in separate fields. Conveners: Jennifer Smith, University of Hawaii Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA, Tel: (808) 956-3943, email: jesmith@hawaii.edu, and John Runcie, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, P.O. Box 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA, Tel: (808) 236 7477, Fax: (808) 236 7443, email: runcie@hawaii.edu ******************************************************************** Jennifer E. Smith Graduate Research Assistant Botany Department University of Hawaii Manoa 3190 Maile Way Honolulu HI 96822 office (808)956-3944 email: jesmith@hawaii.edu http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/GradStud/smith/JENHOME.htm ********************************************************************* ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 14 09:59:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA23460; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 09:59:44 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA15297; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 13:56:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015288; Fri, 14 Sep 01 13:55:08 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJNYYP00.H5G for ; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 13:52:01 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJNZE000.65G; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 14:01:12 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA13058; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 14:01:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAH2aaGz; Fri, 14 Sep 01 14:01:10 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA06836 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 14 Sep 2001 17:52:40 GMT Message-Id: <200109141752.RAA06836@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2001 17:29:58 +0100 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Jacques Laborel Subject: solidarity with the victims Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 845 Dear coral listers, As a frenchman I shall neverforget my emotion when I visited your country for the first time, when I read, on your memorial monuments, the lists of young americans that died for our freedon in 1918 and 1944. I feel a deep solidarity with American people, as well as a great concern for the future of the entire world. With all my sorrow and admiration for your courage and civic behaviour in these terrible circumstances. And I make the wish that terrorism will be fought and contained in all countries. Jacques Laborel Jacques & Francoise Laborel Chemin des grands Bassins,13600 La Ciotat, France tel. (33) 04 42 83 60 32 fax. (33) 04 42 71 81 68 e-mail : rutabaga@pacwan.fr visitez nous sur http://www.jardinesperance.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 15 16:02:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA10696; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 16:02:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA02193; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 19:59:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002179; Sat, 15 Sep 01 19:59:19 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJQAHN00.I6G for ; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 19:56:11 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJQAST00.28P; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 17:02:53 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA07111; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 17:02:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAp9aO4n; Sat, 15 Sep 01 17:02:52 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA09476 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 23:52:35 GMT Message-Id: <200109152352.XAA09476@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2001 16:28:16 -0500 From: buddrw To: , Jim Hendee Cc: Coral-List Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 846 Ove, and others -- Part of the reason you are still waiting for hard experimental evidence regarding the ABH is that you consistently misstate and/or misunderstand what it is. Some specific examples: "the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinoflagellate genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still being applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association." This is part of the ABH only to the extent of requiring continuance of the stressful REGIME (e.g., frequency of high temperature excursions), not of the stressful bleaching-inducing CONDITION (e.g., continuous high temperature). It seems to me that you are attacking the latter proposition, which is NOT what we proposed or modeled (Ware et al). "used light and could not prove (using RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to another (simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is acclimation and is not surprising)." Bleaching is a stress response, and we think that stress adaptation probably doesn't care that much about light, temperature or whatever -- besides which, there is certainly strong evidence for the synergism of light in temperature even in the bleaching episodes attributed primarily to temperature. Sorry if using light is a problem for you -- it's not for us. Further, we are willing to plead guilty to having accepted that which is not surprising -- what you refer to as 'up-regulation' we considered a shift in dominance or inertnal competitve abilities among the varieties of zoocxanthellae that could or did inhabit a host -- very much a part of ABH. Rather than go on and nit-pick your counter-arguments, I'd like to suggest that this is a good opportunity to set up and broaden the debate as a discussion thread -- with the proviso that we rely on direct quotes in context (since the subject is a bit complicated for one-line summaries) rather than on strawman revisions to discuss what the ABH actually is or isn't. Bob Buddemeier >===== Original Message From ===== >Dear Bob and others, > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some "reef >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with the >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at this >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests have >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait for >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinoflagellate >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still being >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here does >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to another >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also confounded >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly more >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the corals >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they did >not bleach!). > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - the >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so far) by >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I also >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did state) >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" (deliberate >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is the >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for even >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million people. >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us reef >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we also >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human societies >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the future are >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > >Best wishes, > >Ove > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg >Director, Centre for Marine Studies >University of Queensland >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM >To: Jim Hendee >Cc: Coral-List >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > >Jim, et al., > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if disturbing >article. > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature increase >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors >that work against that. >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly as >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. and >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Where do we >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth shoals >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght variations >-- which aren't going to change. >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude >sides -- see the US National Assessment, >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The Ware et >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al in >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the seriousness >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral habitats -- >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any favors, by >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > >Thanks for bringing this up. > >Bob Buddemeier > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, >> >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but >> have these thoughts: >> >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have >> addressed this. >> >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for >> not referencing your work.) >> >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) >> >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. >> >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). >> >> Just my two cents worth... >> >> Cheers, >> >> Jim Hendee >> NOAA/AOML >> Miami, FL >> >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral >> Reefs 12, 1-17. >> >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. >> >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. >> >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). >> >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological >> Modelling 84, 199-214. >> >> -------- Original Message -------- >> >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 >> >> GLASGOW, Scotland � The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a >> scientist warned Wednesday. >> >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the >> tropical rain forests." >> >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to >> creep up. >> >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-eating >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the >> over-fishing of their predators. >> >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of nature's >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleaching. >> >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, die >> off within weeks. >> >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between one >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. >> >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too >> late to >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels and >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. >> >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die out. >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. >> >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the wrath >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. >> >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. >> >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. >> >> Copyright 2001 � Reuters >> >> ~~~~~~~ >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >-- >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Senior Scientist, Geohydrology Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 15 16:02:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA10694; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 16:02:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA02192; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 19:59:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002178; Sat, 15 Sep 01 19:59:18 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJQAHN00.172 for ; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 19:56:11 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJQAST00.K42; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 17:02:53 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA07110; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 17:02:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAv8aG4n; Sat, 15 Sep 01 17:02:52 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA09499 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 23:51:42 GMT Message-Id: <200109152351.XAA09499@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2001 16:10:42 -0500 From: buddrw To: Coral-List , "Mike Risk"@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 847 , Jim Hendee Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov It's interesting, if mildly depressing, to see so many reasons for pessimism. I generally agree with most of Mike's points, but there are two that he raises that I think merit comment -- both related to the CO2 and saturation state issue, and both addressing issues of temporal scale and kinetics. First, Mike raises the question of 'long-term' silicate buffering. True enough -- in the very long term, none of this is an issue, and even on the thousands of years time scale we are dealing with ocean DIC content that overwhelms the size of the atmospheric reservoir(and essentially all others but the mineral). The critical issue is that we are not dealing with scales of this magnitude -- the anthropogenic CO2 input has been on the scale of a century (more if you count the beginning of the industrial revolution, less if you start from the rapid rise post-WWII). The mixed layer of the ocean, however, contains DIC in an amount comparable to the atmospheric reservoir with a probably turnover time of a few centuries (cf. many radiocarbon studies of marine apparent ages). For the purpose of considering presewnt problems, it is a reasonable first approximation to treat the mixed layer (which is where all of the reef-building corals live) as an isolated compartment, and on that scale the CO2 effect is clearly dominant. Second, the high-mag calcite issue -- I too am out of my office, but in 1986 June Oberdorfer and I published a chapter in Carbonate Diagensis book edited by Purser and Schroeder that pointed out that reef interstitial water is controlled at the saturation state of high-mag calcite. What is most definitely not true is that this has much effect on the saturation state of the overlying seawater. Here again, the issue is time scales -- in this case of advective open water exchange compared to the flushing of interstitial porewaters (see also the paper by same authors in the ICRS 6 proceedings). There are many orders of magnitude difference -- and in fact the possibility of equilibrating the sedimentary carbonate with the ocean water is on time scales equivalent to the silicate buffer controls, and basically insignificant on the 100 year scales dominated by gas and open water exchange reactions. A question, Mike -- I didn't understand your point about vertical mixing replacing high pH bottom water with low pH suface water -- did that refer to some particular locale? Certainly for most of the ocean saturation state, pH etc are lower at depth than at the surface. Bob Buddemeier >===== Original Message From "Mike Risk" ===== >Hi Jim. > >Although I share your concerns in general, the bad news is: the conclusion >is probably correct. I don't read that as a funding ploy-Rupert clearly says >there's stuff-all we can do about it, leading funding agencies to say why >bother? > >Notwithstanding the recent stimulating work by Jackson et al on overfishing, >the hard evidence from the 20th century (and this one, too) is that >land-based sources of pollution have ineradicably slain more coral reefs >than all other causes put together. The references on this are close to >countless. This trend continues unabated, and science seems slow to respond. >(I invite other readers, perhaps offended by this comment, to submit >examples of coral reef monitoring programs that are linked to legislation >and enforcement by a proper detection/identification/amelioration process.) > >Will reefs colonise new shelf areas? Sure. In fact, the rate at which this >will occur may be estimated from the drilling work done long ago by Walter >Adey, in the Virgin Islands. It takes the ocean about 1,000 years to clean >up the shoreline and make it ready for new corals. Presumably, this same >process in the future will take even longer, given the necessity for >reworking condos and Hondas: plus, that ocean will not be nearly as clean as >the advancing Holocene seas were. So: but don't hold your breath. For sure, >it will happen after the next election. > >Concern about ocean warming is well-placed. One of the best references to >this is by Francis Rougerie, in...1988?. This is in French, and hence not as >widely read and cited as it should be. Quelle honte. > >Concern about oceanic pH is probably overblown: > 1. we seem to have forgotten the seminal work of Sillen, in the 60's, >showing that silicates, not carbonates, are the long-term oceanic buffers. >Lord knows we have done lots to "protect" tropical coastlines from pH change >by loading them with chemically-reactive silicates (feldspars, illite, >montmorillonite, etc). Large quantities of these minerals are in fact bound >up in coral skeletons, hence corals carry with them their own personal >buffers (Cortes and Risk, 1985, BMS). > 2. the pH of tropical coastlines will no doubt shift-after all the >high-mag calcite has dissolved. As HMC makes up a large proportion of reef >sediments, this may take some time. > 3. as the climate changes and we shift to the other metastable condition >of global climate, this will be accompanied by a fundamental reorganisation >of the oceans. This will involve (far as we know) vertical mixing, which >will put low-pH surface waters into contact with bottom sediments and bottom >waters of higher pH. This process was outlined in Smith et al, 1997, April >Nature. This process can occur within five years. None of the present ocean >models allows for mixing on this vertical and temporal scale, hence all need >recalibration. (Some of this work is under way now, using data from >deep-water corals.) > 4. McConnaughey and colleagues, and Barnes and colleagues, in separate >publications within the last 12 months, have shown that corals calcify >faster at elevated temps, and in the presence of fleshy algae. > >My prediction (Risk, 1999) was that coral reefs, as some of us knew them >(and you were one, Jim), will be eradicated by land-based sources from most >of the world's shelves long before pH shifts appreciably-in fact, my >prediction was even more dismal than Rupert's. I think I said 2020. > >I am hesitant about statements, usually made (I'm afraid) by geologists, >along the lines of "Corals have been around for a long time, they will >survive." It's true, but misleading. Yes, coral relatives-burrowing sea >anemones-are the oldest metazoan fossils yet found: Proterozoic, McKenzie >Mountains, NWT. Such statements need to have appended to them the comment >that large proportions of the geologic record are virtually barren of reefs, >of any type. I consider these statements similar to: "The globe's been hot >before, we survived", which we have also heard lately. The globe has been >quite hot before, involving a fundamental rethinking of real estate values. >Every North American Grade Six kid should do the exercise of drawing the >+15-m sealevel contour onto the globe, and estimating the human population >involved. Or perhaps we should start with those politicians whose >development seems to have been arrested at Grade 6... > >It may very well be that some of those we refer to as "deep-water" corals >may be a recolonisation/biodiversity resource-let us hope so. This has >recently become an extremely productive area of research, and interested >persons should log on to the coolcoral site, or contact me for preprints. > >This email is devoid of specific page #'s, etc, for refs: my office is being >moved, I am fileless, and am celebrating by being a carpenter for a while. >Another guy who tried it came back, so what have I got to lose? > >Yours in gloom: Mike > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Senior Scientist, Geohydrology Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 15 16:02:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA10692; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 16:02:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA02185; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 19:59:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002177; Sat, 15 Sep 01 19:59:16 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJQAHL00.Q6Z for ; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 19:56:09 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJQAWX00.M5F; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 20:05:21 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA24135; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 20:05:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAANaaWiV; Sat, 15 Sep 01 20:05:20 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA09420 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 15 Sep 2001 23:48:35 GMT Message-Id: <200109152348.XAA09420@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Subject: Walking forward From: "akivab@earthlink.net" Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2001 16:56:24 -0400 To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 848 Hi there coral list, I am forwarding a request - Mary Woltz is looking for partners for ademonstration walk for peac from New York city to Washington DC to plant a flag for peace in fron of the white house. if any of you interested to join her please contuct her directly at mgwoltz@earthlink.n -------------------------------------------------------------------- mail2web - Check your email from the web at http://mail2web.com/ . ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 17 07:40:24 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA05156; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 07:40:23 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA26546; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 11:38:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026513; Mon, 17 Sep 01 11:37:56 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJTCM000.B8Y for ; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 11:34:48 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJTCX900.21C; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 08:41:33 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA16371; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 08:41:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAzJai9F; Mon, 17 Sep 01 08:41:32 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA07647 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 15:20:28 GMT Message-Id: <200109171520.PAA07647@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Precht, Bill" To: Coral-List Subject: RE: UNEP Report Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 09:56:27 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 849 Study: Reefs dying quicker By Elaine Kurtenbach The Associated Press September 12, 2001 HONG KONG � Blasted by dynamite, contaminated with poisons and smothered by pollution, coral reefs are dying faster than previously thought, according to a study published Tuesday by the United Nations. The U.N. Environment Program's World Conservation Monitoring Center said it found that reefs worldwide occupy a much smaller area than previously thought and that virtually all of Southeast Asia's reefs were threatened. The world's reefs cover 113,720 square miles, about half the size of France and less than one-tenth of a percent of the oceans. They are spread among 101 countries and territories. The survey "clearly shows that coral reefs are under assault," said Klaus Toepfer, the U.N. Environment Program's executive director. "They are rapidly being degraded by human activities." The U.N. Environment Program's survey is one of the most detailed assessments of coral reefs and the first to document the size of reef areas in each country worldwide. Previous estimates of reef size were based on simpler maps and models and were up to 10 times larger than the new map, said Mark Spalding, lead author of the study. Reefs are deteriorating in almost every country, and marine conservation is failing to protect them, even in areas designated as protection zones, Spalding said. "One of the saddest facts about the demise of reefs is that it is utterly nonsensical," said Spalding. "Protecting and managing reefs is not just for the good of the fishes. In every case, it also leads to economic and social benefits for local communities." Toepfer said the United Nations was trying to coordinate international efforts to prevent damage to reefs caused by deforestation, urban development and intensive agriculture. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/nationworld/search/sfl-areefs12sep12.story Also see: International Coral Reef Action Network http://www.unfoundation.org/grants/3_11_coralreefs.asp News Release: April 02, 2001 UN Foundation Announces Funding for International Coral Reef Action Network http://www.unfoundation.org/unfnews/press/2001/04/02/pr_16295.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 17 21:57:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA18161; Mon, 17 Sep 2001 21:57:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA08140; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 01:54:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(129.237.34.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008136; Tue, 18 Sep 01 01:54:36 -0400 Received: from webmail.ku.edu by lark.cc.ku.edu (8.8.8/1.1.8.2/12Jan95-0207PM) id AAA0000024784; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 00:58:14 -0500 (CDT) X-WebMail-UserID: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 00:58:14 -0500 Sender: buddrw From: buddrw To: Coral-List , Jim Hendee X-EXP32-SerialNo: 00002424 Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed -- and the ABH Message-ID: <3BB23308@webmail.ku.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Mailer: WebMail (Hydra) SMTP v3.61.07 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 850 Coral-listers; I have received, in addition to this broadcast message from Ove, other personal communications that indicate that there is a fairly broad pool of misunderstanding about what the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis is and isn't. The comments below address primarily things that it isn't, and I have sent messages to Ove and others on an individual basis to try to get this sorted out so that a productive discussion can ensue. In the meantime, I heartily recommend recourse to the original literature as a source of primary information -- I, Daphne Fautin, and John Ware will all be more than happy to answer questions or attempt to clear up confusion. Bob Buddemeier PS: I stand by my original statements. >=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D Original Message From =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D >Dear Bob and others, > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some "reef >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with the >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at this >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests have >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait for >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinoflagellate >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still being >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here does >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to another >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also confounded >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly more >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the corals >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they did >not bleach!). > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - the >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so far) by >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I also >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did state) >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" (deliberate >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is the >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for even >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million people. >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us reef >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we also >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human societies >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the future are >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > >Best wishes, > >Ove > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg >Director, Centre for Marine Studies >University of Queensland >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM >To: Jim Hendee >Cc: Coral-List >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > >Jim, et al., > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if disturbing >article. > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature increase >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors >that work against that. >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly as >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. and >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Where do we >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth shoals >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght variations >-- which aren't going to change. >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude >sides -- see the US National Assessment, >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The Ware et >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al in >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the seriousness >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral habitats -- >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any favors, by >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > >Thanks for bringing this up. > >Bob Buddemeier > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, >> >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but >> have these thoughts: >> >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have >> addressed this. >> >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for >> not referencing your work.) >> >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) >> >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. >> >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). >> >> Just my two cents worth... >> >> Cheers, >> >> Jim Hendee >> NOAA/AOML >> Miami, FL >> >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral >> Reefs 12, 1-17. >> >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. >> >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. >> >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). >> >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological >> Modelling 84, 199-214. >> >> -------- Original Message -------- >> >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 >> >> GLASGOW, Scotland =97 The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a >> scientist warned Wednesday. >> >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the >> tropical rain forests." >> >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to >> creep up. >> >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-eating >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the >> over-fishing of their predators. >> >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of nature's >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleaching. >> >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, die >> off within weeks. >> >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between one >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. >> >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too >> late to >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels and >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. >> >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die out. >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. >> >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the wrath >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. >> >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. >> >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. >> >> Copyright 2001 =97 Reuters >> >> ~~~~~~~ >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >-- >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Senior Scientist, Geohydrology Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 18 05:09:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA22338; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 05:09:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA11412; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 09:07:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011401; Tue, 18 Sep 01 09:06:49 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJV0A400.EBF for ; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 09:03:40 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJV0PK00.GXW; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 09:12:56 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA23379; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 09:12:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAIDaqQT; Tue, 18 Sep 01 09:12:55 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA15615 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 12:59:20 GMT Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 12:59:20 GMT Message-Id: <200109181259.MAA15615@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: Peter_Craig@nps.gov (Peter Craig) Subject: Monitoring for small MPAs To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 851 Report Available: monitoring coral reef in small MPAs. A workshop was convened to view coral reef monitoring from a small park perspective, where local resources are far fewer than occur in more developed states or countries with numerous management agencies and academic institutions. The workshop first identified who the monitoring program was for, and then examined what information was needed and why. Monitoring questions related to these needs were formulated, followed by a listing of indicators that would provide the desired information by tracking changes in reef condition over time. While the workshop report focuses specifically on American Samoa, it may be a useful approach elsewhere, because it provides a convenient way to identify and prioritize variables that should be included in a monitoring plan: "Developing a coral reef monitoring program for the National Park of American Samoa: a practical, management-driven approach for small marine protected areas". 2001. P.Craig and L.Basch For copies, contact: peter_craig@nps.gov National Park of American Samoa, Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 18 05:11:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA22393; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 05:11:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA11450; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 09:09:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011434; Tue, 18 Sep 01 09:09:40 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJV0EV00.SB0 for ; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 09:06:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJV0Q500.2RV; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 06:13:17 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA24045; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 06:13:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAxvaG7U; Tue, 18 Sep 01 06:13:15 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA15651 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 13:04:31 GMT Message-Id: <200109181304.NAA15651@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 00:58:14 -0500 From: buddrw To: Coral-List , Jim Hendee Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed -- and the ABH Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 852 Coral-listers; I have received, in addition to this broadcast message from Ove, other personal communications that indicate that there is a fairly broad pool of misunderstanding about what the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis is and isn't. The comments below address primarily things that it isn't, and I have sent messages to Ove and others on an individual basis to try to get this sorted out so that a productive discussion can ensue. In the meantime, I heartily recommend recourse to the original literature as a source of primary information -- I, Daphne Fautin, and John Ware will all be more than happy to answer questions or attempt to clear up confusion. Bob Buddemeier PS: I stand by my original statements. >===== Original Message From ===== >Dear Bob and others, > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some "reef >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with the >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at this >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests have >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait for >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinoflagellate >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still being >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here does >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to another >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also confounded >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly more >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the corals >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they did >not bleach!). > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - the >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so far) by >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I also >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did state) >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" (deliberate >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is the >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for even >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million people. >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us reef >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we also >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human societies >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the future are >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > >Best wishes, > >Ove > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg >Director, Centre for Marine Studies >University of Queensland >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM >To: Jim Hendee >Cc: Coral-List >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > >Jim, et al., > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if disturbing >article. > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature increase >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors >that work against that. >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly as >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. and >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Where do we >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth shoals >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght variations >-- which aren't going to change. >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude >sides -- see the US National Assessment, >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The Ware et >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al in >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the seriousness >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral habitats -- >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any favors, by >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > >Thanks for bringing this up. > >Bob Buddemeier > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, >> >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but >> have these thoughts: >> >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have >> addressed this. >> >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for >> not referencing your work.) >> >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) >> >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. >> >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). >> >> Just my two cents worth... >> >> Cheers, >> >> Jim Hendee >> NOAA/AOML >> Miami, FL >> >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral >> Reefs 12, 1-17. >> >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. >> >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. >> >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). >> >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological >> Modelling 84, 199-214. >> >> -------- Original Message -------- >> >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 >> >> GLASGOW, Scotland � The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a >> scientist warned Wednesday. >> >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the >> tropical rain forests." >> >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to >> creep up. >> >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-eating >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the >> over-fishing of their predators. >> >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of nature's >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleaching. >> >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, die >> off within weeks. >> >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between one >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. >> >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too >> late to >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels and >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. >> >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die out. >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. >> >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the wrath >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. >> >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. >> >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. >> >> Copyright 2001 � Reuters >> >> ~~~~~~~ >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >-- >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Senior Scientist, Geohydrology Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Sep 18 13:08:47 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA03957; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 13:08:46 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA24633; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 17:06:32 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024579; Tue, 18 Sep 01 17:05:30 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJVMFX00.QDL for ; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 17:02:21 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJVMR700.LAN; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 14:09:07 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA15985; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 14:09:06 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1IaWnF; Tue, 18 Sep 01 14:09:05 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA01597 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 18 Sep 2001 21:01:49 GMT Message-Id: <200109182101.VAA01597@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 10:37:27 -1000 To: buddrw , Coral-List , Jim Hendee From: Richard Grigg Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed -- and the ABH and carbonate saturation Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 853 Dear Bob, Thank you for shedding some more light on your adaptive bleaching hypothesis and as you point out, there is almost a complete absence of hard evidence either for or against the argument. In this regard, I don't have to remind you, that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence (of coral's adaptive abilities). Also, in this regard, I think we can infer more from the fossil record than most of us seem now willing to accept even though the adaptive responses have the benefit of thousand or even millions of years. BUT, over the millenia, there must have been some rapid bursts of sudden change such as the K-T event itself. Stephen J. Gould's view of evolution by punctuated equilibrium is, in fact, based on such bursts of change. And yet, we don't see much extinction in corals at least at the generic or Family level (Re: Veron's work). Doesn't this imply high adaptive ability? Perhaps we need to revisit the fossil record more often and pull in the views of John Pandolfi and Charley Veron (where are you guys?). Also, while I am at it, let me ask you to shed some of your exceptional knowledge and experience in marine geo-chemistry on the problem of decreasing carbonate saturation state in the world's oceans as a result of increasing co2 globally. I think there is an equally broad pool of misunderstanding about the degree to which existing carbonate sediments in the world's oceans, can serve as a buffer to this effect??? I for one would appreciate hearing your insights on this question. Hope this question does not pose to great a burden but I'm sure the coral reef community will appreciate your views. Rick Grigg Dept. of Oceanography University of Hawaii At 12:58 AM 9/18/01 -0500, buddrw wrote: >Coral-listers; > >I have received, in addition to this broadcast message from Ove, other >personal communications that indicate that there is a fairly broad pool of >misunderstanding about what the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis is and >isn't. The comments below address primarily things that it isn't, and I >have sent messages to Ove and others on an individual basis to try to get >this sorted out so that a productive discussion can ensue. > >In the meantime, I heartily recommend recourse to the original literature >as a source of primary information -- I, Daphne Fautin, and John Ware will >all be more than happy to answer questions or attempt to clear up >confusion. > >Bob Buddemeier > >PS: I stand by my original statements. > > >===== Original Message From ===== > >Dear Bob and others, > > > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some >"reef > >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching > >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with >the > >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at >this > >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, > >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and > >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests > have > >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the > >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait >for > >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one >dinoflagellate > >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still > being > >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. > >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here >does > >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker > >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using > >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to >another > >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is > >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also >confounded > >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and > >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the > >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly > more > >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the >corals > >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they >did > >not bleach!). > > > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - >the > >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so > far) >by > >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I >also > >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did >state) > >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" >(deliberate > >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced > >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is >the > >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for >even > >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million >people. > >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is > >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > > > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual > >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us >reef > >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we > also > >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human >societies > >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the > future >are > >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > > > >Best wishes, > > > >Ove > > > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg > >Director, Centre for Marine Studies > >University of Queensland > >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > > > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 > >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 > >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au > >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > > > > >-----Original Message----- > >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier > >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM > >To: Jim Hendee > >Cc: Coral-List > >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > > > > >Jim, et al., > > > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if >disturbing > >article. > > > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature > increase > >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors > >that work against that. > >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly >as > >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) > >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. >and > >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: > Where do >we > >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth > shoals > >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This > >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght >variations > >-- which aren't going to change. > >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude > >sides -- see the US National Assessment, > >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > > > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > > > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of > >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the > >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The > Ware >et > >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral > >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: > >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al >in > >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some > >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation > >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. > >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian > >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International > >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The > >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a > >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the >seriousness > >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- > >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is > >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > > > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral > habitats >-- > >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any > favors, >by > >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of > >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > > > >Thanks for bringing this up. > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > > > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, > >> > >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't > >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the > >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to > >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study > >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our > >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but > >> have these thoughts: > >> > >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, > >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short > >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have > >> addressed this. > >> > >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately > >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are > >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand > >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, > >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some > >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for > >> not referencing your work.) > >> > >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of > >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the > >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV > >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the > >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. > >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching > >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during > >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas > >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) > >> > >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and > >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements > >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. > >> > >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching > >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the > >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should > >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that > >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a > >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). > >> > >> Just my two cents worth... > >> > >> Cheers, > >> > >> Jim Hendee > >> NOAA/AOML > >> Miami, FL > >> > >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral > >> Reefs 12, 1-17. > >> > >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and > >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. > >> > >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation > >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic > >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. > >> > >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. > >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the > >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). > >> > >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral > >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological > >> Modelling 84, 199-214. > >> > >> -------- Original Message -------- > >> > >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns > >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters > >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 > >> > >> GLASGOW, Scotland � The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years > >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a > >> scientist warned Wednesday. > >> > >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be > >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a > >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the > >> tropical rain forests." > >> > >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance > >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning > >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to > >> creep up. > >> > >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the > coral-eating > >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the > >> over-fishing of their predators. > >> > >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of > nature's > >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral >bleaching. > >> > >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer > >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, >die > >> off within weeks. > >> > >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between >one > >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of > >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. > >> > >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon > >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too > >> late to > >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that > >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels >and > >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the > >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. > >> > >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral > >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit > >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die > out. > >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, > >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. > >> > >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and > >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the >wrath > >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. > >> > >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many > >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the > >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. > >> > >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge > >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. > >> > >> Copyright 2001 � Reuters > >> > >> ~~~~~~~ > >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > >-- > >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier > >Kansas Geological Survey > >University of Kansas > >1930 Constant Avenue > >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA > >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 > >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 > >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > > > > >~~~~~~~ > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Senior Scientist, Geohydrology >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 >USA >ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 >email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 19 03:45:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA11481; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 03:45:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA01592; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 07:42:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001588; Wed, 19 Sep 01 07:42:42 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJWR1S00.PD9 for ; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 07:39:28 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJWRHA00.DRI; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 07:48:46 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA17308; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 07:48:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAALfaGYH; Wed, 19 Sep 01 07:48:45 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA02684 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 11:40:41 GMT Message-Id: <200109191140.LAA02684@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Precht, Bill" To: "'Richard Grigg'" , buddrw , Coral-List , Jim Hendee Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed -- and the ABH and carbonate saturation Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 17:11:18 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 855 Rick, Bob & the List: Food for thought... I had the great fortune to work for the late Ceseare Emiliani of the Univ. Miami about ten years ago... one of the topics we often discussed over a few cold ones was the impact of warm global temperatures on the survival of life in the oceans, especially in the topics... An interesting paper that may be germane to the argument is by Emiliani, Kraus & Shoemaker (1981) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 55:317-334 - where they show that about 20% of the late Cretaceous reef-building coral genera survived an abrupt rise in temperature (about 10 degrees C in just a few MONTHS) that was related to the mass extinction at the K/T boundary. What is the important question here - the fact that 20% survived or that 80% went extinct?? All the best, Bill --------------------- William F. Precht Ecological Sciences Program Manager PBS&J Miami -----Original Message----- From: Richard Grigg [mailto:rgrigg@soest.hawaii.edu] Sent: Tuesday, September 18, 2001 4:37 PM To: buddrw; Coral-List; Jim Hendee Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed -- and the ABH and carbonate saturation Dear Bob, Thank you for shedding some more light on your adaptive bleaching hypothesis and as you point out, there is almost a complete absence of hard evidence either for or against the argument. In this regard, I don't have to remind you, that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence (of coral's adaptive abilities). Also, in this regard, I think we can infer more from the fossil record than most of us seem now willing to accept even though the adaptive responses have the benefit of thousand or even millions of years. BUT, over the millenia, there must have been some rapid bursts of sudden change such as the K-T event itself. Stephen J. Gould's view of evolution by punctuated equilibrium is, in fact, based on such bursts of change. And yet, we don't see much extinction in corals at least at the generic or Family level (Re: Veron's work). Doesn't this imply high adaptive ability? Perhaps we need to revisit the fossil record more often and pull in the views of John Pandolfi and Charley Veron (where are you guys?). Also, while I am at it, let me ask you to shed some of your exceptional knowledge and experience in marine geo-chemistry on the problem of decreasing carbonate saturation state in the world's oceans as a result of increasing co2 globally. I think there is an equally broad pool of misunderstanding about the degree to which existing carbonate sediments in the world's oceans, can serve as a buffer to this effect??? I for one would appreciate hearing your insights on this question. Hope this question does not pose to great a burden but I'm sure the coral reef community will appreciate your views. Rick Grigg Dept. of Oceanography University of Hawaii At 12:58 AM 9/18/01 -0500, buddrw wrote: >Coral-listers; > >I have received, in addition to this broadcast message from Ove, other >personal communications that indicate that there is a fairly broad pool of >misunderstanding about what the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis is and >isn't. The comments below address primarily things that it isn't, and I >have sent messages to Ove and others on an individual basis to try to get >this sorted out so that a productive discussion can ensue. > >In the meantime, I heartily recommend recourse to the original literature >as a source of primary information -- I, Daphne Fautin, and John Ware will >all be more than happy to answer questions or attempt to clear up >confusion. > >Bob Buddemeier > >PS: I stand by my original statements. > > >===== Original Message From ===== > >Dear Bob and others, > > > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some >"reef > >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching > >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with >the > >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at >this > >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, > >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and > >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests > have > >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the > >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait >for > >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one >dinoflagellate > >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still > being > >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. > >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here >does > >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker > >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using > >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to >another > >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is > >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also >confounded > >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and > >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the > >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly > more > >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the >corals > >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they >did > >not bleach!). > > > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - >the > >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so > far) >by > >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I >also > >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did >state) > >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" >(deliberate > >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced > >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is >the > >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for >even > >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million >people. > >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is > >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > > > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual > >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us >reef > >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we > also > >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human >societies > >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the > future >are > >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > > > >Best wishes, > > > >Ove > > > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg > >Director, Centre for Marine Studies > >University of Queensland > >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > > > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 > >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 > >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au > >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > > > > >-----Original Message----- > >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier > >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM > >To: Jim Hendee > >Cc: Coral-List > >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > > > > >Jim, et al., > > > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if >disturbing > >article. > > > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature > increase > >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors > >that work against that. > >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly >as > >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) > >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. >and > >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: > Where do >we > >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth > shoals > >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This > >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght >variations > >-- which aren't going to change. > >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude > >sides -- see the US National Assessment, > >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > > > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > > > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of > >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the > >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The > Ware >et > >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral > >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: > >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al >in > >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some > >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation > >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. > >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian > >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International > >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The > >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a > >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the >seriousness > >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- > >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is > >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > > > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral > habitats >-- > >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any > favors, >by > >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of > >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > > > >Thanks for bringing this up. > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > > > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, > >> > >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't > >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the > >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to > >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study > >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our > >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but > >> have these thoughts: > >> > >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, > >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short > >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have > >> addressed this. > >> > >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately > >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are > >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand > >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, > >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some > >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for > >> not referencing your work.) > >> > >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of > >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the > >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV > >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the > >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. > >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching > >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during > >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas > >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) > >> > >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and > >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements > >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. > >> > >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching > >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the > >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should > >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that > >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a > >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). > >> > >> Just my two cents worth... > >> > >> Cheers, > >> > >> Jim Hendee > >> NOAA/AOML > >> Miami, FL > >> > >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral > >> Reefs 12, 1-17. > >> > >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and > >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. > >> > >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation > >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic > >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. > >> > >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. > >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the > >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). > >> > >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral > >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological > >> Modelling 84, 199-214. > >> > >> -------- Original Message -------- > >> > >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns > >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters > >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 > >> > >> GLASGOW, Scotland - The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years > >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a > >> scientist warned Wednesday. > >> > >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be > >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a > >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the > >> tropical rain forests." > >> > >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance > >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning > >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to > >> creep up. > >> > >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the > coral-eating > >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the > >> over-fishing of their predators. > >> > >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of > nature's > >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral >bleaching. > >> > >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer > >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, >die > >> off within weeks. > >> > >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between >one > >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of > >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. > >> > >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon > >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too > >> late to > >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that > >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels >and > >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the > >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. > >> > >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral > >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit > >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die > out. > >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, > >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. > >> > >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and > >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the >wrath > >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. > >> > >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many > >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the > >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. > >> > >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge > >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. > >> > >> Copyright 2001 - Reuters > >> > >> ~~~~~~~ > >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > >-- > >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier > >Kansas Geological Survey > >University of Kansas > >1930 Constant Avenue > >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA > >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 > >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 > >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > > > > >~~~~~~~ > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Senior Scientist, Geohydrology >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 >USA >ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 >email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 19 03:52:10 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA11553; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 03:52:10 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA01690; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 07:49:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001686; Wed, 19 Sep 01 07:49:07 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJWRCM00.SE3 for ; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 07:45:58 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJWRNW00.CH9; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 04:52:44 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA21723; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 04:52:44 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAALfaGzQ; Wed, 19 Sep 01 04:52:38 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA02696 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 11:49:44 GMT Message-Id: <200109191149.LAA02696@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2001 13:17:11 +0900 From: Rob van Woesik Organization: University of the Ryukyus, Japan To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 856 Dear all, As a ISRS council member it is my responsibility to inform you all of my new permanent address. From October 1, 2001, please send all correspondence to Rob van Woesik to the address below. Thank you. Dr. Robert van Woesik Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Tech 150 West University Boulevard Melbourne Florida 32901-6988 USA Email: rvw@fit.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 19 04:51:37 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA12933; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 04:51:36 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA02878; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 08:49:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002863; Wed, 19 Sep 01 08:48:24 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJWU3E00.PDO for ; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 08:45:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJWUEO00.FKK; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 05:52:00 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA27366; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 05:52:00 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA2IaOA1; Wed, 19 Sep 01 05:51:59 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02906 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 12:46:59 GMT Message-Id: <200109191246.MAA02906@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2001 08:32:34 -0400 From: John Ware Organization: SeaServices, Inc. To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Subject: Coral reefs doomed?? Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 857 Dear List, For a quantitative view of the effect of acclimation (or adaptation or whatever), you might wish to consider the paper that I presented at the 8th ICRS, Vol 1:527-532; "The effect of global warming on coral reefs: acclimate or die". This was, I believe, the first attempt to quantify the effect of acclimation rate on the expected response of coral reefs. In fact, this might have been the first *quantitative* prediction of the effects of global warming on reefs. One major conclusion is that even with acclimation rates that would be considered long by human standards, say 25 - 50 yrs, the chances of survival of coral reefs are dramatically increased. Acclimation with such large time constants may not be detectable using currently available data or experimental methods. John (Note: Despite the rather melodramatic title, this paper has repeatedly been overlooked by even rather meticulous researchers such as Ove. Just my Cinderella complex showing. jrw) -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware@erols.com * * seaservices.org * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** -- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 19 10:20:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA22728; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 10:20:20 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA12713; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 14:18:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma012699; Wed, 19 Sep 01 14:17:57 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJX9CQ00.JFM for ; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 14:14:50 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJX9NY00.D09; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 11:21:34 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA21314; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 11:21:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_bayNP; Wed, 19 Sep 01 11:21:33 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA00888 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 18:10:46 GMT Message-Id: <200109191810.SAA00888@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2001 12:50:38 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" To: John Ware CC: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Subject: Re: Coral reefs doomed?? Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 858 John et al., Watch our WebSite tomorrow for recent report from Okinawa on 2001 bleaching (they are finally recovering from) and information relative to 1998 recovery from massive event that year. http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html Cheers, Al John Ware wrote: > Dear List, > > For a quantitative view of the effect of acclimation (or adaptation or > whatever), you might wish to consider the paper that I presented at the > 8th ICRS, Vol 1:527-532; "The effect of global warming on coral reefs: > acclimate or die". This was, I believe, the first attempt to quantify > the effect of acclimation rate on the expected response of coral reefs. > In fact, this might have been the first *quantitative* prediction of the > effects of global warming on reefs. > > One major conclusion is that even with acclimation rates that would be > considered long by human standards, say 25 - 50 yrs, the chances of > survival of coral reefs are dramatically increased. Acclimation with > such large time constants may not be detectable using currently > available data or experimental methods. > > John > > (Note: Despite the rather melodramatic title, this paper has repeatedly > been overlooked by even rather meticulous researchers such as Ove. Just > my Cinderella complex showing. jrw) > > -- > ************************************************************* > * * > * John R. Ware, PhD * > * President * > * SeaServices, Inc. * > * 19572 Club House Road * > * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * > * 301 987-8507 * > * jware@erols.com * > * seaservices.org * > * fax: 301 987-8531 * > * _ * > * | * > * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * > * _|_ * > * | _ | * > * _______________________________| |________ * > * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * > * |/\____________________________________________/ * > ************************************************************** > -- > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------A2A05418C882F469C84DA256 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------A2A05418C882F469C84DA256-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 19 20:33:24 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA02016; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 20:33:23 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA23957; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 00:31:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023947; Thu, 20 Sep 01 00:30:57 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJY1QD00.8G7 for ; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 00:27:49 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJY21M00.ODT; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 21:34:34 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA21524; Wed, 19 Sep 2001 21:34:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9LaacQ; Wed, 19 Sep 01 21:34:33 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA01711 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 04:27:00 GMT Message-Id: <200109200427.EAA01711@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" To: "'John Ware'" , Subject: Climate and corals Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2001 13:37:00 +1000 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 859 Dear John, Thanks for reminding me (again) about your paper from the Panama meeting, which I have now read. As you know, I tried (in 1999) to go from speculation about climate by interacting with three premier climate modelling groups in Australia, Europe and the USA. This allowed me access to models that simulated important aspects within the climate change debate such as El Nino variability, the impact of aerosols and the forcing due to IS92a greenhouse scenarios. By using several models, I was able to draw on experts in simulating climates and was able reduce the problem of the bias of one model. As you know (somewhat depressingly), the scenarios for future patterns of bleaching did not different greatly between models. The issue of acclimation and adaptation is complex and I have a few comments that I will send through in a separate email. I feel this debate (as Bob has noted) is useful and will hopefully clear up some of the recent understandings. Regards, Ove -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of John Ware Sent: Wednesday, 19 September 2001 10:33 PM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Coral reefs doomed?? Dear List, For a quantitative view of the effect of acclimation (or adaptation or whatever), you might wish to consider the paper that I presented at the 8th ICRS, Vol 1:527-532; "The effect of global warming on coral reefs: acclimate or die". This was, I believe, the first attempt to quantify the effect of acclimation rate on the expected response of coral reefs. In fact, this might have been the first *quantitative* prediction of the effects of global warming on reefs. One major conclusion is that even with acclimation rates that would be considered long by human standards, say 25 - 50 yrs, the chances of survival of coral reefs are dramatically increased. Acclimation with such large time constants may not be detectable using currently available data or experimental methods. John (Note: Despite the rather melodramatic title, this paper has repeatedly been overlooked by even rather meticulous researchers such as Ove. Just my Cinderella complex showing. jrw) -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware@erols.com * * seaservices.org * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** -- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 20 06:45:16 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA10144; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 06:45:15 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA01478; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 10:43:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001467; Thu, 20 Sep 01 10:42:37 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJYU1T00.EHX for ; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 10:39:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJYUD300.HJZ; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 07:46:15 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA08949; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 07:46:14 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAjEaOAr; Thu, 20 Sep 01 07:46:13 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA02649 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 14:40:47 GMT Message-Id: <200109201440.OAA02649@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Mike Risk" To: "buddrw" , "Coral-List" , "Jim Hendee" , "Richard Grigg" Subject: Re: Fossil lessons Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2001 09:44:22 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 860 Hi Rick (-list). It's hard to concentrate on academic debates with the world in disarray, my office in cardboard boxes, my wife in recovery and my department in ruins. But I will stop whining. Yes, I could not agree more-the fossil record has a great deal to say about survival and extinction. We hear a lot about how "resilient" corals are. They aren't. In general, Phyla are extremely robust. Now that Paleo has done the sensible thing and folded the Archeocyatha into the Porifera, we can observe that no phylum extant in the Cambrian has ever died out. So the trunks of the trees remain, while branches come and go. Corals have contributed to reefs in varying proportions, from the Ordovician on-but how many Rugosa and Tabulata have you seen on reefs? The real survivors among the Coelenterata are the gorgonians, virtually unchanged since the Ordovician. Along with nereid polychaetes. Perhaps the largest barrier reef in the history of the planet (Guadalupian, W. Texas) is virtually devoid of corals. Most of our view that corals are robust and omnipresent stems from our experience with Cenozoic reefs, which are well-exposed and preserved in many classical outcrops. Cenozoic reefs experienced three major extinction events: Eocene/Oligocene, Oligocene/Miocene, and Plio/Pleistocene. (See work by Stan Frost, Ann Budd, etc.) The Plio/Pleistocene event was a freeze-out, and not very relevant to what looms. Examination of the Oligo/Mio event, however, is illuminating. This extinction event was likely caused by a shelf-edge upwelling, bringing in conditions of turbid water and high nutrients. These are the conditions that reefs face now-and I point out that grazing in the Oligocene was unaffected by people. Not even Alley Oop. Half the corals in the Caribbean died (Edinger and Risk, 1994: PALAIOS 9: 576-598). Some other bad news: bioeroders, primarily filter-feeders, sailed through unchanged: so the balance was severely upset. (I have to point out here that any reef "model" that ignores bioerosion is dealing with less than 50% of the carbonate balance, and hence deserves less than 50% of our confidence.) I suggest that what we are seeing now precisely parallels what the record tells us: massive regional extinctions, shifting of the carbonate balance equation...This event remade the Caribbean coral fauna, reducing it to a fraction of previous biodiversity levels. Although Indo-Pacific representatives escaped the Caribbean event, they have yet to recolonise the Caribbean. So I suggest that the fossil record allows us to estimate recovery times of reef coral faunas: between 1,000 years (Adey) to >25 million years. You and I won't see it! Another view from SE Asia: Edinger et al., 2000: Diversity and Distributions 6: 113-127: "...land-based pollution was the primary determinant of coral species diversiity and species occufrrence on reefs." I continue to be pessimistic. I feel that present fixation of the biological research community is at least partly driven by a reluctance to deal with the real problems: coastal development associated with population increases. Mike ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 20 06:49:17 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA10230; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 06:49:17 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA01559; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 10:47:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001543; Thu, 20 Sep 01 10:46:39 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJYU8J00.6I0 for ; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 10:43:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GJYUJT00.0JS; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 07:50:17 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA09647; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 07:50:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAATTaaYs; Thu, 20 Sep 01 07:50:15 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA02661 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Sep 2001 14:48:47 GMT Message-Id: <200109201448.OAA02661@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2001 07:36:35 -0700 (PDT) From: Florence Thomas Subject: physical processes in sub-tropical habitats To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 861 Research Fellowships available for competative students interested in pursuing a Ph.D. on the role of physical processes in sub-tropical habitats. The University of South Florida offers excellent support for highly competative graduate students. If you are interested please contact me Dr. Florence Thomas fthomas@chuma1.cas.usf.edu. I am also interested in attracting students interested in reproductive ecology of marine invertebrates. --------------------------------- Terrorist Attacks on U.S. - How can you help? Donate cash, emergency relief information inYahoo! News. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 21 00:56:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id AAA27911; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 00:56:15 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA19115; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 04:54:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019111; Fri, 21 Sep 01 04:53:26 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK08JU00.MJU for ; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 04:50:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK08ZD00.2MZ; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 04:59:37 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA11665; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 04:59:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAe0aaYw; Fri, 21 Sep 01 04:59:36 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id IAA03971 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 08:49:48 GMT Message-Id: <200109210849.IAA03971@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Jeffrey Low" To: "Coral-List" Subject: RE: Fossil lessons Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 07:07:15 +0800 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 862 Dear Mike, Sorry to hear about the disarray in your life .... hope things work out (eventually). I totally agree with you on your last point - in fact, I came across an article in the newspapers on two papers published in Science (Alroy and Roberts) that claim "humans more lethal than climate change". Of course, they were looking mostly at land extinctions caused by human migration in prehistoric times, but the present day loss of coral reefs (and other coastal habitats) are directly related to population growth. I would hazard a guess that if we (ie the human race) can get our population growth under control, much of the existing problems of overfishing, caostal degradation, pollution and greenhouse gases would be drastically reduced or not exist. What I don't hear much on this list are projects / research being done related to quantifying the human factor in the degradation. Not the blast fishing / cyanide problems, but more of the "if you have x% less people, then the damage will be y% less and restoration can proceed at z% rate". Perhaps some other list has this kind of on-going discussion? One final comment - all countries seem to run on the thoery that you need to have replacement rates higher than death rates (in the human population) so that (economic) growth can be sustained. Now, if that is the case, doesn't that mean that there is a never-ending spiral of population increase? If I remember my basic biology - this consitutes a positive feedback system .... which will ultimately result in the breakdown of the system (as opposed to a negative feedback, which keeps the system in balance). Before I end, let me just say that this is just my "coffe-shop" interpretation of the "big picture". I defer to more informaed minds on the subject, and would like to hear more on this. Thanks. Jeffrey Low SINGAPORE Email: jeffrey-low@mailhost.net -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Mike Risk Sent: Thursday, September 20, 2001 9:44 PM To: buddrw; Coral-List; Jim Hendee; Richard Grigg Subject: Re: Fossil lessons Hi Rick (-list). It's hard to concentrate on academic debates with the world in disarray, my office in cardboard boxes, my wife in recovery and my department in ruins. But I will stop whining. Yes, I could not agree more-the fossil record has a great deal to say about survival and extinction. We hear a lot about how "resilient" corals are. They aren't. In general, Phyla are extremely robust. Now that Paleo has done the sensible thing and folded the Archeocyatha into the Porifera, we can observe that no phylum extant in the Cambrian has ever died out. So the trunks of the trees remain, while branches come and go. Corals have contributed to reefs in varying proportions, from the Ordovician on-but how many Rugosa and Tabulata have you seen on reefs? The real survivors among the Coelenterata are the gorgonians, virtually unchanged since the Ordovician. Along with nereid polychaetes. Perhaps the largest barrier reef in the history of the planet (Guadalupian, W. Texas) is virtually devoid of corals. Most of our view that corals are robust and omnipresent stems from our experience with Cenozoic reefs, which are well-exposed and preserved in many classical outcrops. Cenozoic reefs experienced three major extinction events: Eocene/Oligocene, Oligocene/Miocene, and Plio/Pleistocene. (See work by Stan Frost, Ann Budd, etc.) The Plio/Pleistocene event was a freeze-out, and not very relevant to what looms. Examination of the Oligo/Mio event, however, is illuminating. This extinction event was likely caused by a shelf-edge upwelling, bringing in conditions of turbid water and high nutrients. These are the conditions that reefs face now-and I point out that grazing in the Oligocene was unaffected by people. Not even Alley Oop. Half the corals in the Caribbean died (Edinger and Risk, 1994: PALAIOS 9: 576-598). Some other bad news: bioeroders, primarily filter-feeders, sailed through unchanged: so the balance was severely upset. (I have to point out here that any reef "model" that ignores bioerosion is dealing with less than 50% of the carbonate balance, and hence deserves less than 50% of our confidence.) I suggest that what we are seeing now precisely parallels what the record tells us: massive regional extinctions, shifting of the carbonate balance equation...This event remade the Caribbean coral fauna, reducing it to a fraction of previous biodiversity levels. Although Indo-Pacific representatives escaped the Caribbean event, they have yet to recolonise the Caribbean. So I suggest that the fossil record allows us to estimate recovery times of reef coral faunas: between 1,000 years (Adey) to >25 million years. You and I won't see it! Another view from SE Asia: Edinger et al., 2000: Diversity and Distributions 6: 113-127: "...land-based pollution was the primary determinant of coral species diversiity and species occufrrence on reefs." I continue to be pessimistic. I feel that present fixation of the biological research community is at least partly driven by a reluctance to deal with the real problems: coastal development associated with population increases. Mike ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 21 06:47:40 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA04467; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 06:47:40 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA25695; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 10:45:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025681; Fri, 21 Sep 01 10:45:01 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK0OTT00.0LT for ; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 10:41:53 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK0P5300.TFL; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 07:48:39 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA10175; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 07:48:38 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoSaq3t; Fri, 21 Sep 01 07:48:38 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA04768 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 21 Sep 2001 14:44:09 GMT Message-Id: <200109211444.OAA04768@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 10:40:18 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Gene Shinn Subject: Conference on dust Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 863 While Mike, Bob and Ove were presenting temperature/Co2 related arguments a workshop was held in St. Petersburg to discuss Yet another cause of reef demise. For a synopsis go to http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/conferences/dust2001/ For a new article published in Aerobiologica showing the number and kinds of microbes recently isolated from African dust in the Caribbean go to http://www.wkap.nl/article.pdf?355414 ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/african_dust/ | E. A. Shinn email eshinn@usgs.gov USGS Center for Coastal Geology | 600 4th St. South | voice (727) 803-8747 x3030 St.Petersburg, FL 33701 | fax (727) 803-2032 ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 22 03:39:33 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA21879; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 03:39:32 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA16762; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:37:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016754; Sat, 22 Sep 01 07:36:43 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK2ARY00.RM9 for ; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:33:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK2B3900.N8N; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 04:40:21 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA29492; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 04:40:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAlpaaM5; Sat, 22 Sep 01 04:40:20 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA01813 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 11:29:07 GMT Message-Id: <200109221129.LAA01813@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" To: "'buddrw'" , "'Jim Hendee'" Cc: "'Coral-List'" Subject: Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis (1) Date: Sat, 22 Sep 2001 09:41:51 +1000 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 865 Dear Bob, With great respect to you and your colleagues, the effort to discuss the ABH should be seen not as an "attack" but as an attempt to clarify and expand on this interesting area (aka "spirit of debate"). My intention in responding to your broadcast message (Sep 16) was to also clarify the implication that the resistance to the ABH was somehow not on scientific terms. Given the interest in this area, I agree that it is important to keep the discussions open and visible on the coral-list forum. To begin with, let us put one assertion to rest. You suggest that I have "consistently misstated" your hypothesis. I understand the hypothesis as encapsulated in your own words (Ware, Fautin and Buddemeier 1996) as: "Buddemeier and Fautin (1993) proposed that bleaching is not merely pathological, but is also adaptive, providing an opportunity for recombining hosts and algae to form symbioses better suited to altered circumstances." To the first issue - recombination involves re-mixing as well as recombining. If part of the ABH involves shifts in the genotype frequencies of populations of pre-existing mixed dinoflagellate symbionts, then I would argue that "re-combining" as a term is not clear (and hence perhaps the greater confusion) and that "remixing" should be included in these descriptions of the ABH hypothesis. I spoke briefly (as I walked out of a talk in Bali) to Daphne about this distinction in regard to the "adaptation" versus "acclimation" (hence the recent reference to the re-mixing genotypes as "acclimation" not "adaptation"). By the way, this is the only time (prior to recent exchanges in September) that we (you, I or Daphne) have corresponded on this issue. I enjoyed the conversation and was unaware of any anxiety. Secondly, according to your recent email, I need to also recognise the expanded definition of "altered circumstances" to include a changed regime (more frequent and/or intense bleaching events) as opposed to an on-going stress. I have and have no problems with this. It does not remove the problems, however. More on this in a second email to the list. At the end of the day, however, we are left with a need (8 years after the ABH was first formulated) to go beyond the partial verification of assumptions and theoretical modelling (as per John Ware and co-authors) to the critical testing of this hypothesis. While there has been attempts to test the assumptions in at least one paper, the critical test for this hypothesis is that new combinations of host-symbiont genotypes with greater fitness arise from changed circumstances with respect to bleaching events (be that changing patterns of frequency and/or severity). "The key observations that corals, when heat stressed, expel one variety of zooxanthellae and take on another more heat-tolerant variety while the heat stress is still present, has never been made." (Hoegh-Guldberg 1999). That statement is still correct but does address a restricted set of ABH possibilities. This statement should be more inclusive given the above: "The key observation: that corals after heat stress or a changed sea temperature regime, shift toward more fit combinations of host-symbiont genotype combinations, has never been made." Unless I am mistaken, no observation like this has not been made. I suppose as a biologist, I would expect this to be a visible and obvious feature of coral-dinoflagellate symbioses, especially before and after the substantial selective pressure of recent bleaching events. In the spirit of scientific debate, I want to also discuss (in detail as you request) your broadcast proposition (Sep 8 2001) that "Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43:320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al in Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently)." As requested, I will "rely on direct quotes in context" but will do this directly in a separate email to the list. All the best, Ove -----Original Message----- From: buddrw [mailto:buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu] Sent: Sunday, 16 September 2001 7:28 AM To: oveh@uq.edu.au; Jim Hendee Cc: Coral-List Subject: RE: coral reefs doomed? Ove, and others -- Part of the reason you are still waiting for hard experimental evidence regarding the ABH is that you consistently misstate and/or misunderstand what it is. Some specific examples: "the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinoflagellate genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still being applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association." This is part of the ABH only to the extent of requiring continuance of the stressful REGIME (e.g., frequency of high temperature excursions), not of the stressful bleaching-inducing CONDITION (e.g., continuous high temperature). It seems to me that you are attacking the latter proposition, which is NOT what we proposed or modeled (Ware et al). "used light and could not prove (using RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to another (simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is acclimation and is not surprising)." Bleaching is a stress response, and we think that stress adaptation probably doesn't care that much about light, temperature or whatever -- besides which, there is certainly strong evidence for the synergism of light in temperature even in the bleaching episodes attributed primarily to temperature. Sorry if using light is a problem for you -- it's not for us. Further, we are willing to plead guilty to having accepted that which is not surprising -- what you refer to as 'up-regulation' we considered a shift in dominance or inertnal competitve abilities among the varieties of zoocxanthellae that could or did inhabit a host -- very much a part of ABH. Rather than go on and nit-pick your counter-arguments, I'd like to suggest that this is a good opportunity to set up and broaden the debate as a discussion thread -- with the proviso that we rely on direct quotes in context (since the subject is a bit complicated for one-line summaries) rather than on strawman revisions to discuss what the ABH actually is or isn't. Bob Buddemeier >===== Original Message From ===== >Dear Bob and others, > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some "reef >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with the >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at this >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests have >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait for >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one dinoflagellate >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still being >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here does >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to another >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also confounded >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly more >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the corals >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they did >not bleach!). > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - the >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so far) by >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I also >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did state) >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" (deliberate >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is the >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for even >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million people. >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us reef >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we also >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human societies >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the future are >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > >Best wishes, > >Ove > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg >Director, Centre for Marine Studies >University of Queensland >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM >To: Jim Hendee >Cc: Coral-List >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > >Jim, et al., > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if disturbing >article. > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature increase >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors >that work against that. >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly as >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. and >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Where do we >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth shoals >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght variations >-- which aren't going to change. >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude >sides -- see the US National Assessment, >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The Ware et >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al in >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the seriousness >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral habitats -- >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any favors, by >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > >Thanks for bringing this up. > >Bob Buddemeier > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, >> >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but >> have these thoughts: >> >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have >> addressed this. >> >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for >> not referencing your work.) >> >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) >> >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. >> >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). >> >> Just my two cents worth... >> >> Cheers, >> >> Jim Hendee >> NOAA/AOML >> Miami, FL >> >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral >> Reefs 12, 1-17. >> >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. >> >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. >> >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). >> >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological >> Modelling 84, 199-214. >> >> -------- Original Message -------- >> >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 >> >> GLASGOW, Scotland � The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a >> scientist warned Wednesday. >> >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the >> tropical rain forests." >> >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to >> creep up. >> >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the coral-eating >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the >> over-fishing of their predators. >> >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of nature's >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral bleaching. >> >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, die >> off within weeks. >> >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between one >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. >> >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too >> late to >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels and >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. >> >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die out. >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. >> >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the wrath >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. >> >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. >> >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. >> >> Copyright 2001 � Reuters >> >> ~~~~~~~ >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >-- >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Senior Scientist, Geohydrology Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 22 03:39:33 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA21877; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 03:39:32 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA16760; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:37:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016753; Sat, 22 Sep 01 07:36:36 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK2ARS00.RM8 for ; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:33:28 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK2B7C00.KO7; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:42:48 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA15195; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:42:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA4eaqRD; Sat, 22 Sep 01 07:42:47 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA01822 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 11:35:05 GMT Message-Id: <200109221135.LAA01822@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Ove Hoegh-Guldberg" To: "'Jim Hendee'" , "'Coral-List'" Subject: Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis (2) Date: Sat, 22 Sep 2001 10:15:07 +1000 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 866 Dear Coral-list, I hope that it is not inappropriate to provoke discussion about this much talked about topic. My sole intention is to explore this important issue. I have chosen to deal with it as a series of carefully defined steps. As will you see, while the theory may have logical appeal, the critical assumptions upon which it is based are either false or unsubstantiated. Before I begin, a clarification with respect to the biological terms "adaptation' and "acclimation". Adaptation is strictly used to describe genetic changes in a population that lead to genetically based characteristics of that population considered more optimal with respect to the local environment. Acclimation refers to phenotypic change whereby (through changes in gene expression and/or post-translational modification) the characteristics of an organism are made more optimal relative to the local environment. These definitions are held by most textbooks (e.g. Eckert and Randall etc) and are not mutable (as far as I know). The Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis (ABH) In order to proceed logically, exploring the assumptions of the hypothesis makes good sense. These are listed by Ware, Fautin and Buddemeier (1996; Patterns of coral bleaching: modelling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis", Ecol. Modelling 84:199-214). I find this paper useful because it lists the five critical assumptions of the ABH and then builds a logical model from this grounding, the behaviour of which can be compared to nature. As with any model, however, the assumptions (assuming correct logical deductive processes) are critical for the truth of a model (to state the obvious, if the assumptions are wrong, then the model or argument fails). Summary table (details below): a.. Assumption 1 = true b.. Assumption 2 = false at the time scale required c.. Assumption 3 = true d.. Assumption 4 = false e.. Assumption 5 = false if assumption 4 is false Conclusion (details below): Critical assumptions 2 and 4 (5 depends on 4) are not currently supported and available evidence (little evidence to the contrary) suggests that they are false. From this analysis, the only conclusion is that the ABH is false. Details: What are the assumptions of Ware, Fautin and Buddemeier (1996) and are they true or false? Assumption 1. "Multiple types of both zooxanthellae and host species commonly exist on a coral reef." This is true for corals and work by Trench, Rowan, Loh, Baker, Loi, Carter and others have shown that it is true for zooxanthellae (i.e. diversity is high among zooxanthellae). Assumption 2. 'Some types of zooxanthellae are able to live with more than one host species, and host species may form symbiotic relationships with more than one type of zooxanthella, either simultaneously or serially. The various combinations differ in their adaptation to the environment." As you will see from the following, this is false at the timescale required. Other critical pieces of evidence do not exist. What is true: Some types of zooxanthellae (distinguished via rDNA sequences - note - RFLPs do not have enough precision to distinguish species etc) appear in several corals while other coral species have their own dedicated zooxanthella type (Rowan, Wilcox, Baker, Loh and others, Loh et al. in press). Some hosts show several different rDNA sequences associated with their zooxanthellae (Rowan and Powers 1991, Rowan 1998). There is evidence that some zooxanthellae may specialise in high light or low light habitats (e.g. Rowan et al 1997, see also recent papers by K. Michalek-Wagner, A Banazak re: different zooxanthella biochemistries) - and it is likely that various combinations of host and symbiont differ in the type or quality of the environment that they are adapted for. Specific evidence about heat tolerance of different combinations is lacking although Kinzie et al 2001, Iglesias-Prieto and others have some evidence that different isolated zooxanthellae have different heat tolerances (but see Assumption 3 which states that the tolerance of the host-symbiont combination is all important). What is unknown: How mutable (changed) are these relationships? An important part of this assumption for the ABH is that new symbiotic relationships can form and disband over very short periods of time. Without this rapid, dynamic feature bleaching will not be important mechanism for the evolution of new combinations. If they are not easily mutable then the long-term performance of different strain and host combinations under new conditions and their impact on reproductive success of both partners etc. through reduced energy and other inputs will be more important. Evidence that this is assumption is largely untrue at the time scales needed: To my knowledge, no lab or field infection experiment using dinoflagellates from other hosts (like those of WK Fitt and others) have ever resulted in a new combination of symbiotic algae and host. In cases where foreign types of zooxanthellae were introduced, populations were eventually replaced by the original type of zooxanthella (see also Kinzie and partners 2001, who also obtained this result with field exposed, completely aposymbiotic anemones). Also - no one has seen a change in the types of zooxanthellae occupied by a coral following a bleaching event (i.e. new combinations arising from a bleaching event). Baker (2001)'s techniques do not have the necessary resolution to answer this question. He sees new bands arise within the zooxanthellae isolated within corals translocated to the shallows. However, he cannot say that the new bands are due to invasion of external zooxanthellae or a case of up-regulation of a small existing population of the particular type of zooxanthellae concerned (he would have to clone his PCR products and verify for a large number of transformed clones that there were no sequences - hence zooxanthellae cells - of the new RFLP band in his corals before treatment i.e. that the change is not a product of acclimation as opposed to adaptation). Implications: The process of symbiont switching operates at a longer time scale making bleaching irrelevant to the process. This is not surprising if the complex requirements of integrating two genomes into a symbiosis are considered. Research on what is required reveals complex self-non-self recognition (McNeil, P. L., T. Colley, Trench, Hohman, et al. (1981). J. Cell Sci. 52: 243-270, Muscatine, Hohman and others), metabolite transfer and the host of other specific lock-and-key biochemical and physiological interactions. We need to think of transferring zooxanthellae between hosts as partly akin to transplanting chloroplasts or mitochondria between plant species. Remember also that the types of zooxanthellae that occupy different corals are quite separate genetically and may represent different species or even genera (Trench, McNally et al. 1994 and others) - hence are likely to have a large suite of different requirements and features that have to be integrated (evolved) in order for a symbiosis to function. Adopting life within another cellular environment is not trivial and may involve many coordinated changes in genetic makeup (aka it is not simple to swap from one host to another - hence this process is likely to constrained in terms of evolutionary speed). If new zooxanthellae types cannot invade easily, then the ABH is restricted to the dynamics of the zooxanthella populations of a subset of corals which already have multiple strains of zooxanthellae in their tissues. That is, new combinations do not form "easily" (at the very least, they probably form over decades to centuries but not over the days and weeks required by the ABH). At this point, we are left with changes that occur in the relative frequency of existing genotypes within a coral. These are pre-existing genetic combinations. The question at this point becomes, is this "adaptation" or "acclimation"? At first cut - one might call this is "adaptation" because there is a change in the frequency of genotypes within the total zooxanthella population of an geographic area. This is wrong, however, as populations of zooxanthellae within a host are largely clonal (asexual) populations of single individuals. If this is the case, then a multi-strain coral host is really an association of three or more individuals (the coral host individual, and 2 or more zooxanthella individuals). The change in the relative proportions of one zooxanthellae individual over another within a host is then a matter of a change in the size of individuals. This then is a phenotypic (acclimatory) not genotypic (adaptive) change. Being multistrained and responding to changed circumstances, then, is no different to a association that having a set range of phenotypic responses with definite limits (there is no such thing as unlimited acclimation). Perhaps in evolutionary time (at least decades to centuries), the switching of symbionts may allow a certain flexibility that is not inherent within a single genome. But the time scale and process do not involve bleaching (adaptive or acclimatory). Assumption 3. "The upper temperature limit beyond which the symbiosis is disrupted is characteristic of the host-symbiont combination rather than of the host or symbiotic alga alone." This is probably true given the highly integrated nature of symbiosis. Specific thermal tolerances of corals/zooxanthellae associations and their variance with thermal regimes were largely first identified by Steve Coles and Paul Jokiel. Many recent studies (Goreau, Strong, Hayes, Brown) culminating in the SST and HotSpot work by NOAA and others. New work by Ray Berkelmans (in press) further confirms that thermal tolerances vary on a geographic basis with water temperature. Assumption 4. "Bleaching provides an opportunity for the host to be repopulated with a different type of partner." This is unproven and most evidence suggests that it is false. As I have repeatedly stated, we have yet to see a single experiment that shows that a bleaching event or set of disturbances results in a change of the type of symbiont with corals (during or after). No one has evidence of a more fit recombination of host and symbiont as a result of changed circumstances. Even the recent Kinzie el al (2001) study with aposymbionts of the sea anemone (Aiptasia) found that they did not take up new types of zooxanthellae. Apart from the problem of having very limited genetic resolution due to limitations of the RFLP technique (same problem as with AC Baker's 2001 study), Kinzie and co.'s aposymbiotic anemone hosts only became infected by the original type (B) of zooxanthella (To quote them: "All Aiptasia that became infected when exposed to natural seawater were found to harbour clade B, which is the zooxanthellar clade normally found in this anemone"). Unfortunately for the ABH, other observations militate against this assumption being true: Firstly, corals that appear totally white still have many zooxanthellae in their tissues (e.g. Hoegh-Guldberg and Salvat 1995 - bone white corals ranged as high as 1.0 x 104 cell/cm2). These are probably the source of repopulation of corals by zooxanthellae in the event of recovery after bleaching. If competition by the original zooxanthellae is so effective (i.e. "originals" win every time according to WK Fitt, D Schoenberg and others who have done the rigorous experiments in this regard), then it would appear that this is a major obstacle to the idea that "bleaching provides an opportunity for the host to be repopulated with a different type of partner." That is, bleaching does not make a coral or other cnidarian host an open slate. The inherent algae in recovering corals probably will always have the upper hand. Secondly, as stated above, no one has seen a single case of bleaching providing "an opportunity for the host to be repopulated with a different type of partner". If this were a major forcing function within the evolution of coral reefs, shouldn't we see large scale examples of this? William Loh from my lab has been searching for changes in rDNA sequence types of zooxanthellae with corals and reefs after bleaching events in Okinawa with his Japanese colleagues. What he has seen is potential selection against some zooxanthella genotypes and associations (their coral host species died out) but never the advent of a new association of host and symbiont. That is, on the short term scales of bleaching events, William has seen a diminishing not increasing stock of combinations (not good for adaptation as you will appreciate). At risk of repeating myself, the advent of new combinations probably requires a longer time period (because of the biochemical complexities of symbiosis) than the few generation times required. See above. An added assumption is added by the authors under assumption 4. They state: "We assume no mortality of bleached corals, regardless of the severity of bleaching or whether there is a zooxanthella type with which the coral is compatible under the existing temperature conditions." I assume that this addition is a condition for the computer model to work. In the face of overwhelming field evidence, this is simply false (GCRMN, Wilkinson and many others). A model that requires this falls over heavily at this point. Perhaps John can explain how critical this element is and how dependent the ABH is on it. Assumption 5. "Stress-sensitive combinations have competitive advantages in the absence of stress, which implies a reversion to stress-prone combinations under non-stressful conditions." This remains unknown. However, if we haven't seen assumption 4 holding true (i.e. that bleaching leads to new fitter combinations), then we obviously don't have assumption 5 (the reversion of these combinations in periods of non-stress) in the bag. In conclusion: The ABH has more than a few problems in terms of the stated assumptions and should be discarded. It was a "nice" idea but now is largely falsified through the fact that critical assumptions like 2 and 4 above are (at the very least) false. I hope that this helps progress the ABH debate in a positive way. I am very interested in engaging in discussions over the details above. Most of all - I want to strongly emphasize that this is not an attempt to denigrate the ABH authors but more an attempt to improve our understanding of mass bleaching by critically examining important ideas and suggestions. I am aware that coral-list members may have much to add and that I probably have not done justice to all authors (if there are critical pieces of literature, please bring them to the list's attention). Regards to all, Ove Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Director, Centre for Marine Studies University of Queensland St Lucia, 4072, QLD Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 Email: oveh@uq.edu.au http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/staff/ohg.html Great Barrier Reef Research Stations http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/stations.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Sep 22 03:43:33 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA21938; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 03:43:32 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA16796; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:41:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016790; Sat, 22 Sep 01 07:40:46 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK2AYQ00.IMO for ; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 07:37:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK2BA100.M4P; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 04:44:25 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA29577; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 04:44:25 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAAVa4W5; Sat, 22 Sep 01 04:44:24 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA01849 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 22 Sep 2001 11:43:03 GMT Message-Id: <200109221143.LAA01849@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 22 Sep 2001 18:59:32 +0800 From: The Reef Project Subject: reef wall survey To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 867 Dear all, I would like to know if the Line intercept Transect coral reef survey method adopted by English et.al '94 can be applied for reef wall survey. If not, what are the adopted methods for the Asian region. Many Thanks Wilson ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 23 05:54:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA03154; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 05:54:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27805; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 09:51:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027801; Sun, 23 Sep 01 09:51:25 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK4BOC00.ENL for ; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 09:48:12 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK4BZO00.3BN; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 06:55:00 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA21103; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 06:55:00 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_zaWnP; Sun, 23 Sep 01 06:54:59 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA04411 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 13:44:33 GMT Message-Id: <200109231344.NAA04411@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 22 Sep 2001 20:48:36 -0500 (CDT) From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: The Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 868 Dear Coral-Listers, I am taking this opportunity to respond to several recent messages concerning the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis (ABH) that was proposed by Bob Buddemeier and me, and then modeled by John Ware, with input from us. I helped formulate the ABH because I am eager to understand the symbioses. I am writing now because I perceive some of the recent exchanges ostensibly concerning the ABH deal with matters that are not part of the ABH and thus do not advance that understanding. The ABH was our deduction from experimental results and empirical observations that had been published at the time we developed it; those data and what they contributed to the ABH are detailed in our publications. Thus it is not true, as one lister recently asserted, that there is no evidence for the ABH. The writers of some recent messages seem to regard the ABH more as a law than a hypothesis. In framing it as "a testable hypothesis," we recognized that additional data could prove to be inconsistent with our inferences about the workings of zooxanthellae symbioses, entirely or in part. Thus, in the manner that science works, falsification would result in more refined hypotheses being advanced and tested, gradually improving our understanding of the symbioses. In a recent message in which he claimed falsification of some of the five critical assumptions of the ABH, Hoegh-Guldberg advocated "discarding" the ABH. What I seek in combination with data that are truly inconsistent with the ABH are second-generation hypotheses that take into account the new data - using the parts of the ABH that work, and substituting for the unworkable parts. More importantly at this juncture, I am not persuaded that those assumptions have been falsified. The ABH was not meant to apply to every instance of bleaching. By way of analogy, that natural selection is not the only selective force in evolution does not falsify natural selection. To take one clear example, some stresses that result in bleaching are lethal, to some or all the bleached corals, and so, obviously, the ABH is irrelevant in such instances. This is why we confined the models of Ware et al. to non-lethal stresses. (Hoegh-Guldberg correctly inferred this is not an assumption of the ABH but a condition under which the model was run, so I am puzzled why he even raised it; it is irrelevant to the substance of the ABH.) We did propose "that bleaching is not merely pathological, but is also adaptive, providing an opportunity for recombining hosts and algae to form symbioses better suited to altered circumstances" (Ware et al. 1996). We also recognized that the organisms might be unable to take advantage of such an opportunity. For example, even with sublethal stresses, in places with low zooxanthellae diversity, a new combination would be unlikely. And superior combinations might not form by chance, for the hypothesized recombination is a stochastic - not a deterministic - phenomenon. We also explicitly stated that the ABH applies to the level of bleaching under which the symbiosis evolved -- what has been considered "background" - and that a mechanism that evolved under that level may not be adaptive if what we are now experiencing is as unprecedentedly severe and widespread as some believe (which is consistent with what Hoegh-Guldberg reported has been found in Japan). The "replacement" zooxanthellae, according to the ABH, can be either exogenous or endogenous. At the time we formulated the ABH, an endogenous source was thought by many experts to be impossible, since it was then considered that any cnidarian polyp or colony would harbor only one "strain" of zooxanthellae. We inferred from the published literature that "strains" could coexist, and so saw a proliferation of one "strain" at the expense of another to be a possible response to altered circumstance. We now know that multiple "strains" can coexist. Thus the comment that "Baker (2001) cannot say that the new bands are due to invasion of external zooxanthellae or a case of up-regulation of a small existing population of the particular type of zooxanthellae concerned" is not germane to the ABH - either alternative supports it. The exogenous source is the surrounding water, and therefore ultimately are zooxanthellae in their free-living stage or those were released under stress. Whether those that leave in the bleaching process are viable, much less infective, was raised in the original publication as a matter to be investigated; it has not, to our knowledge, been resolved. Thus criticisms such as that of Hoegh-Guldberg (1999), "The key observations that corals, when heat stressed, expel one variety of zooxanthellae and take on another more heat-tolerant variety while the heat stress is still present, has never been made," misrepresent the ABH and thus do not test its tenets. The preceding quote and several recent list messages have focused on thermal bleaching. This is not a requirement of the ABH, which was proposed to operate as a result of any stress or combination of stresses that provoke bleaching. Hoegh-Guldberg began a recent message with 'a clarification with respect to the biological terms "adaptation" and "acclimation."' I am uncertain how this comment relates to the debate. We have tried to be consistent in application of those terms - see papers in the recent "American Zoologist" volume concerned with how coral reefs adapt, acclimate, and acclimatize (especially that of Gates). Hoegh-Guldberg's definition of adaptation as "genetic changes in a population that lead to genetically based characteristics of that population considered more optimal with respect to the local environment" is the sense in which we created the ABH. For we explicitly regard the zooxanthella-host complex as an ecological entity that is not the sum of its parts (an additive model was used by Ware et al. to be mathematically tractable, but its departure from our concept was made explicit). Thus, in the ABH, under identical circumstances, a species of coral with one "strain" of zooxanthellae might be maladapted but well adapted with another. This seems to be substantiated in patterns of "strains" of zooxanthellae that live in shaded and lighted portions of a single coral colony, and of "strains" of zooxanthellae that live in shallow and deep colonies of a single species of coral. Part of the decision on whether to use the pigeon-hole "adaptation" or "acclimation" that Hoegh-Guldberg raises may depend on one's concept of who is "in charge" in the symbiosis - if the animal is making a selection, it may be nearer the "acclimation" end, whereas if the zooxanthella is choosing a suitable home, it may be nearer the "adaptation" end. In his message, Hoegh-Guldberg disputed the mutability of host-zooxanthella combinations on the time scale required for the ABH to operate. Our inference that the change could happen was based on experiments such as those of Fitt cited by Hoegh-Guldberg, who stated "To my knowledge, no lab or field infection experiment using dinoflagellates from other hosts (like those of WK Fitt and others) have ever resulted in a new combination of symbiotic algae and host." In fact, we interpreted Fitt's data (and those of Kinzie and Chee) as showing that new combinations could be established in short order - although allochthonous zooxanthellae did not establish in all hosts, some did so temporarily, and others remained longer. Hoegh-Guldberg continued "In cases where foreign types of zooxanthellae were introduced, populations were eventually replaced by the original type of zooxanthellae." As we wrote in the original BioScience paper, because the scientists controlled conditions to minimize stress on their experimental subjects, those experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions that were known to be suitable for the subjects - which are those in which the "native" zooxanthellae-host combination is favored. Thus a reversion to the pre-existing combination is precisely what would be predicted by the ABH. The recently published experiment by Baker put corals into situations that persisted - and his results are also consistent with the ABH. Hoegh-Guldberg's comment "Also - no one has seen a change in the types of zooxanthellae occupied by a coral following a bleaching event (i.e. new combinations arising from a bleaching event)" is beside the point in the debate over the ABH for several reasons. I stated one above - unless the stress that produced the bleaching persists, the pre-existing combination will be favored, so no change is to be expected. A practical one is being able to know what the situation was before the stress and what it is afterward. For we are searching for changes in an entity that, until very recently, was viewed by most people as unitary (that is, there was one "strain" of zooxanthellae) and we do not yet know the extent of the diversity because we do not yet know what differences might exist. Part of our proposing the hypothesis was to encourage scientists to find ways to distinguish the members of this all-important symbiosis, individually and in combination. Moreover, the ABH does not require that every "strain" of zooxanthellae be capable of living in every host species - we explicitly modeled the ABH on there being generalists and specialists on both sides of the symbiosis (just as there are anemonefish and host sea anemones - in the former case belonging perhaps to two genera, in the latter certainly to three families). I, for one, do not "think of transferring zooxanthellae between hosts as partly akin to transplanting chloroplasts or mitochondria between plant species" - a bit of evidence that clearly shows zooxanthella symbiosis is a less well integrated one is the phenomenon of bleaching itself. The possibilities Hoegh-Guldberg raises with the comment "the types of zooxanthellae that occupy different corals are quite separate genetically and may represent different species or even genera (Trench, McNally et al. 1994 and others) - hence are likely to have a large suite of different requirements and features that have to be integrated (evolved) in order for a symbiosis to function. Adopting life within another cellular environment is not trivial and may involve many coordinated changes in genetic makeup" provide grist for investigation, but do not constitute falsification of the ABH. We inferred that "stress-sensitive combinations have competitive advantages in the absence of stress, which implies a reversion to stress-prone combinations under non-stressful conditions" to account for the continued existence of combinations that are vulnerable to conditions that recur (such as the annual bleaching Jokiel and others found in Hawaii, and that Fitt has more recently documented in Florida). Otherwise the system would be ratcheted to increasingly stress-resistant combinations with a time course that would seem too rapid for any other known mechanism. Using this assumption, Ware was able to create a model that bears remarkable resemblance to the time course of actual bleaching events. I look forward to advancing understanding of bleaching and its consequences though well-crafted experiments that are published in the peer-reviewed literature. Sincerely, Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Haworth Hall University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA telephone 1-785-864-3062 fax 1-785-864-5321 for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released 12 July 2001 *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 23 06:01:02 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA03245; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 06:01:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27848; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 09:58:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027838; Sun, 23 Sep 01 09:58:23 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK4C0200.COA for ; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 09:55:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK4CBE00.OEQ; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 07:02:02 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA21316; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 07:02:02 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXyayOP; Sun, 23 Sep 01 07:02:01 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA04633 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 23 Sep 2001 14:00:42 GMT Message-Id: <200109231400.OAA04633@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 13:54:35 -0400 From: Trish Hunt To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: What I have learned Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 869 Hello again everyone. Where do I begin�In light of recent events on America, there is a part of me that feels like this fight was so insignificant now. But, since so many of you replied with supportive words to me on this issue as well as other issues, and I had even received some emails that educated me on the �political� side of the scientists� community (with views about the particular individual in question) I felt that I should return the favor and make good on my promise to the list to let all of you know that I finally received a letter of response from Governor Jeb Bush�s office today in response to the letter I sent him on 25 June 2001. Below you will find a copy of this email and below that, you will find a copy of my letter to Governor Bush. Why this email has come to me now, so soon after the tragic events of last week, I don�t know. I would think that government officials in this country would have more important things going on than making sure that someone responds to an email that was sent nearly three months ago. It has since [my original letter] been announced that Janet Reno is indeed going to run for the position of Florida�s Governor. If she continues keeping the environment in the top 3 of her list of priorities for our state, I am still going to vote for her. It seems to me, in the reply below, that Governor Bush thinks that the entire state, (like his brother thinks the entire country) is worried about taxes being too high and we pay too much money to the government. I have always felt (perhaps because I have never known different) that our tax rate was fine. If protecting the environment means the government keeping the tax rate the same, then keep my money! If protecting our country means rescinding our income tax rebate, then take my family�s $600, if it will keep that disaster from ever happening again! Just because (in my opinion) the Bushes are particularly greedy (for the record, I do have a newfound respect for our President now), does not mean that the rest of the American citizens feel the same way. I do not want to sacrifice my freedom, security, or my environment just to keep a few dollars for myself. I just wish everyone did feel the same way. Perhaps we would already know more about our environment, perhaps coral reefs and other reef systems wouldn�t be in danger from dying for one reason or another, and perhaps the World Trade Center twin towers would still be standing, the Pentagon would not be damaged, and thousands of people would not be dead. As I am sure some of you will point out, I know there are a lot of other �perhaps� that could go into that short list. Here is the response, and as always, I welcome any comments from any of you. I have learned so much from many of you over recent months and look forward to continuing that relationship. One day, I will have a title and/or acronyms behind my name like so many of you. Keep up the good work because each of you does make a difference in many ways. If you don�t believe that, then take to the bank that you have inspired me to follow my dreams. When you feel like your work is insignificant, keep in mind that there are others out there that read about the work you are doing and they are asking questions of their own. One day, there will be enough of us asking the right questions, coming up with right answers, and saving our underwater world, one organism at a time. Sincerely, Patricia Hunt -----Original Message----- From: Smith, Sandi [mailto:Sandi.Smith@LASPBS.STATE.FL.US] Sent: Friday, September 21, 2001 1:11 PM To: 'gigi101@bellsouth.net' Subject: RE: What I have learned Dear Ms. Hunt: Thank you for writing to Governor Jeb Bush to share your reaction to items in the General Appropriations Act. He appreciates hearing from you and has asked me to reply on his behalf. I apologize for the delay in responding. As you already know, Governor Bush vetoed the appropriation for the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution when he signed Senate Bill 2000 into law on June 15, 2001. The Governor gave his approval to projects that meet priority needs, are funded from an appropriate source, and do not have unacceptable out-year costs. The projects he vetoed failed to meet these stated criteria. The Governor believes the Fiscal Year 2001-02 budget passed by the Florida Legislature accomplishes much for Florida. Working together, the state's top priorities have been met through this budget: education, protecting our most vulnerable citizens, the environment, tax relief for Florida families, public safety and election reform. Thanks to a visionary commitment by the Legislature, Florida is funding its critical needs while providing meaningful tax relief. Given the fiscal challenges we face, this achievement is remarkable. With these new investments and tax relief, Florida's promise now shines brighter than ever. While there is much in the budget of which to be proud, several items did not go through committee or statutory processes for inclusion in the budget. Governor Bush therefore used his line-item veto authority to save taxpayer money, eliminating more than $290 million statewide in special projects in the budget. The Governor is grateful to you for taking the time to let him know of your views on the state budget. He hopes you can understand that with limited fiscal resources and many spending needs, some worthy projects could not be afforded this year. Please contact him again on issues of importance to you. Sincerely, Sandi Smith Office of Policy and Budget Executive Office of the Governor Dear Mr. Governor, My name is Patricia Hunt and I live in Jacksonville, FL. I am just your average citizen. I am a 27-year-old wife and a mother of a 2 year old. I have served in the US Army for 4 years (Ft. Hood, TX) and other than those 4 years, I have lived here my whole life. As a child, my father took me fishing. We fished from beaches and from docks until he was able to afford a boat. I spent most summer weekends offshore from the age of 6 to 17. During those years on the water, my father taught me about safety and about conserving our resources. If we had no intentions of eating whatever fish we caught, we threw it back. If it was too tired to swim on its own, I watched my father get into the water with it (once, a 6� female tiger shark in addition to others) in order to assist its breathing until it could swim away on its own. I learned about the dangers of plastic bags floating in our waters and that sea turtles eat them � mistaking them for jellyfish. I learned that the plastic rings that come around soda 6-packs can get caught around birds� and other animals� necks, strangling them to death � so I rip them apart before throwing them away. I learned not to anchor on reefs because it tears them up, killing the very place that fish hide in, swim in, and feed in. I also watched my father capture a pelican that had a hook caught in its skin, just below its bill, so that we could take the hook (still attached to fishing line) out of him. From a very young age, a love for the marine environment has been instilled in me and nurtured. I may not have a boat yet, but when I do go to the beach with my husband and baby, I find myself picking up trash others have left behind. I want the marine environment to be healthy and enjoyable for my son when he is my age. If I am lucky, he will learn from my example to care for his environment the same way my father taught me. I cannot afford to get a diving certification yet, either. So instead, I have started up my very own marine aquarium. I want to one day keep corals and other invertebrates in my aquarium and have been doing a tremendous amount of research on the subject on the Internet. That is how I became a part of coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov . I am not a scientist nor am I even in any profession associated with the marine environment, but because I am fighting an algae bloom in my aquarium, I found a particular article from this list interesting. It spoke of an alleged algae bloom that is allegedly killing off some of Florida�s coral reefs and a possible reason behind the algae bloom. All that was needed was some more money from the state in order to research this reason. You vetoed this funding according to the article because the research wouldn �t provide a statewide benefit. As a Florida resident and a registered voter, I am completely appalled with this decision. The last time that I checked, tourism is Florida�s number one industry and I am sorry to say, Mickey Mouse isn�t Florida�s only tourist attraction. Divers, snorkelers, fishermen, and tourists enjoy healthy reefs and the diverse population of fish and other marine life the reefs support. The reef-lovers buy dive and snorkel gear, rent boats, hire guides, stay in hotels, rent beach houses for weeks and months at a time, eat in restaurants, not to mention they spend money on their �land-based� entertainment as well. Fishermen spend money on many of the same things. The �snowbirds� spend their money in the winter; the rest of us spend our money in the summer months. If that is not �statewide� enough to reconsider giving these scientists some funding to do their research on my behalf, your behalf, your family�s behalf, my son�s behalf, and his children�s behalf, then I truly don�t know where your priorities lie. You say it is on education. We live in Florida and I assure you most of our natural sciences curriculum in high school consists of knowledge of what is around us locally. I am still young enough to remember my high-school days and learning about turtle nests, manatees, fire coral, Portuguese-Man-O-Wars, and octopus. Helping to fund this research will be funding long term and real life education. If we don�t have much of a reef-ecosystem left later to educate our children or our grandchildren about, there goes most of my most memorable school lessons right out of the education system. If that happens, have we really done our job? Another thing, I cannot speak for the rest of the residents that enjoy nature in all forms, but after living in Killeen for 3 years I assure you I wanted nothing more than to come back to Florida when I got out of the service. I needed to be near the ocean. I have plans on diving in the future. If I don�t have anything to look at but dead stuff when I do finally get down there, I might have to move to Australia or something. If you don�t reconsider funding this research project, I assure you, if Janet Reno does run for your position, I will vote for her in a heartbeat. I am sorry this has turned out so long. I felt the need to fully explain my position and why I stand where I do. I would appreciate a response, even a short one; but please do not send me a typical form letter. Thank you for your time. Patricia Hunt Jacksonville, FL ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 24 03:29:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA12626; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 03:29:21 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA06586; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 07:27:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006578; Mon, 24 Sep 01 07:26:34 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK5ZN100.4O9 for ; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 07:23:25 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK602O00.6FX; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 07:32:48 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA27699; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 07:32:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA6haqg2; Mon, 24 Sep 01 07:32:47 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA06586 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 11:25:57 GMT Message-Id: <200109241125.LAA06586@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 13:19:11 -0400 (EDT) From: "Goldberg" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Socio-Economic Manual Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 870 Hello, I'm trying to find a document/manual I was told the Network put out. The title (I think) is "Socio-Economic Manual for Coral Reef Management." I don't see this on the web site nor do I see any contact (email address) for finding out. Can you direct me to a site or person who can assist me in finding this? Any assistance you can provide will be greatly appreciated (please respond directly to me). Thanks....Marshall ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 24 08:24:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA19393; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 08:24:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA13728; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 12:21:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013718; Mon, 24 Sep 01 12:21:50 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK6DB500.UQ8 for ; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 12:18:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK6DQT00.2LQ; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 12:28:05 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA27255; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 12:28:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAAzaWo1; Mon, 24 Sep 01 12:28:04 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA07210 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 16:16:46 GMT Received: from simail1.si.edu (simail1.si.edu [160.111.103.92]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id MAA07206 for ; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 12:16:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from Gate-Message_Server by simail1.si.edu with Novell_GroupWise; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 11:51:12 -0400 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.5.1 Date: Mon, 24 Sep 2001 11:50:55 -0400 From: "John Pandolfi" To: Subject: Student Intern available - DC area Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA07222 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 871 Funding is available immediately for a student intern through a National Science Foundation project entitled "A long-term paleoecological record of coral reef communities". The student will work in the laboratory of Dr. John Pandolfi, Paleobiology Department, National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC. Work assignments include sorting and curation of Holocene corals, mollusks, calcareous algae and Foraminifers; maintenance of Holocene collections; sediment splitting; data entry; sample preparation, and other laboratory duties. Eligibility is confined to students (graduate or undergraduate) currently enrolled at an academic institution, and the work must be completed in house at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC. Work schedule is flexible - there is up to $3000 available - representing about 400 hours of work. Work can be shared between two interns. The student(s) will take up the internship as soon as possible, but no later than mid-October 2001. Interested parties should contact John Pandolfi, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., U.S.A. Phone: 202 357 2406 FAX: 202 786 2832 e-mail: pandolfi.john@nmnh.si.edu ************************************************** John M. Pandolfi Department of Paleobiology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington D.C. 20560-0121 U.S.A. Phone: + 1 202 357 2406 FAX: + 1 202 786 2832 ************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Sep 24 09:31:31 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA20821; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 09:31:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA15006; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 13:29:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014994; Mon, 24 Sep 01 13:28:39 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK6GEI00.DPM for ; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 13:25:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK6GPV00.IVG; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 10:32:19 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA14540; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 10:32:19 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9yaGwC; Mon, 24 Sep 01 10:32:18 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA07352 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 24 Sep 2001 17:29:06 GMT Message-Id: <200109241729.RAA07352@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 24 Sep 2001 12:58:30 -0400 From: Lynne Hale To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Position Announcement Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 872 Dear Colleagues: CRC is recruiting for a full time staff member to join our international team. A short description follows. I would appreciate your alerting qualified individuals to this opportunity. I apologize if you have received multiple versions of this. Many thanks, Lynne Coastal Resources Center University of Rhode Island Advancing Coastal Management Worldwide Marine Research Associate III - International Field Program The Coastal Resources Center at the University of Rhode Island is initiating a search for a Marine Research Associate III who will be responsible for providing substantial technical support and backstopping for CRC's Cooperative Agreement with USAID in Coastal Management, with emphasis on support to its programs in Asia, the Western Pacific and Mexico. The qualified Marine Research Associate candidate is required to possess: master's degree in a resource management-related discipline; minimum of three years professional experience in coastal management; excellent organizational, writing, computer and communication skills; willingness to travel internationally up to four months per year. In addition, the preferred candidate will possess: experience in community-based coastal management and/or marine protected area management; experience working in Asia/Western Pacific/and/or Latin America. For more information about the Coastal Resources Center, please visit our web site at: http://crc.uri.edu. Please submit letters of application and resume by September 28, 2001 to: Lynne Z. Hale, Search Coordinator, Log #091300, University of Rhode Island, Box G, Kingston, RI 02881 or lzhale@gsosun1.gso.uri.edu. The University of Rhode Island is an AA/EEO employer. Lynne Zeitlin Hale Associate Director University of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center Graduate School of Oceanography Narragansett, RI 02882 USA Telephone: (401) 874-6224 Fax: (401) 789-4670 Email: lzhale@gso.uri.edu http://crc.uri.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 26 01:47:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA01446; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 01:47:44 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA23801; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 05:45:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023742; Wed, 26 Sep 01 05:44:43 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK9K9900.01Z for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 05:41:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK9KKO00.KCZ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:48:24 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA17717; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:48:23 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfpaGLI; Wed, 26 Sep 01 02:48:23 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA10981 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 09:36:04 GMT Received: from smta-hub-8 (19-130.CGNET.COM [64.95.130.19] (may be forged)) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA10985 for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 05:35:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from smta-hub-3 ([64.95.130.11]) by smta-hub-8.cgnet.com (PMDF V6.0-025 #47481) with ESMTP id <0GK90065FK00W9@smta-hub-8.cgnet.com> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:36:00 -0700 (PDT) Received: from noccgiarx4.CGNET.COM ([10.0.2.14]) by smta-hub-3.cgnet.com (PMDF V6.0-025 #46897) with SMTP id <0GK900LQ9JZLOU@smta-hub-3.cgnet.com> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:35:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from 10.0.1.14 by noccgiarx4.CGNET.COM (InterScan E-Mail VirusWall NT); Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:35:09 -0700 Received: by NOCCGIARX4 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) id ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:35:09 -0700 Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:37:19 -0700 From: Jamie Oliver Subject: RE: Socio-Economic Manual To: "Coral List (E-mail)" Message-id: MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 873 Dear all, For any others that may be interested, The full text of the GCRMN SOCIOECONOMIC MANUAL FOR CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT by L. Bunce, P. Townsley, R. Pomeroy, R. Pollnac is now available for download in PDF format on ReefBase ( www.reefbase.org )on the home page. Its a big file (15Mb), so please only download this if you cannot access the hardcopy. In the near future we may be able to cut it up into chapters for individual download. Please let me know if this would be useful. Best Regards Jamie Oliver ReefBase Project Leader ============================================ Jamie Oliver Senior Scientist (Coral Reef Projects) ICLARM - The World Fish Center PH: 60 4 626 1606 Fax: 60 4 626 5530 email: J.Oliver@cgiar.org ============================================ -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Goldberg Sent: Saturday, 22 September 2001 1:19 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Socio-Economic Manual Hello, I'm trying to find a document/manual I was told the Network put out. The title (I think) is "Socio-Economic Manual for Coral Reef Management." I don't see this on the web site nor do I see any contact (email address) for finding out. Can you direct me to a site or person who can assist me in finding this? Any assistance you can provide will be greatly appreciated (please respond directly to me). Thanks....Marshall ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 26 02:48:47 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA02248; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:48:46 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA24164; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 06:46:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024153; Wed, 26 Sep 01 06:45:31 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK9N2L00.H1S for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 06:42:21 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GK9NIC00.JDV; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 06:51:48 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA15669; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 06:51:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAr8aGME; Wed, 26 Sep 01 06:51:47 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA11134 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 10:40:22 GMT Message-Id: <200109261040.KAA11134@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Ivan Marin" To: Subject: Request Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 09:59:05 +0600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 874 Dear Coral-lers, I have a problem with availability of some literature. I cann't = find following papers in libraries of my region and University. Our = libraries are not rich with foreign literature. I am interesting in Dr. P.W. Glynn investigation as I study = coral-associated Decapoda and very interested in their interrelations = with their host. As all of You study coral and coral communities, I hope = that it would be easy to help me, especially somebody can study this = phenomenon. I am looking for following papers: Glynn, P.W., 1976 Some physical and biological determinants of coral = community structure in the Eastern Pacific. Ecol. Monogr., 46: 431-456. Glynn, P.W., 1980. Defense by symbiotic crustacea of host corals = elicited by chemical cues from predator. Oecologia, 47: 287-290. Glynn, P.W., 1981. Acanthaster population regulation by a shrimps and = worms. PCRS-4, Vol. 2, p. 607-612. Glynn, P.W., 1983. Crustacean symbionts and defense of corals. = Coevolution. Chicago: Univ. Press. p. 111-178. Glynn, P.W., 1983 Increased survivorship in coral harboring crustacean = symbionts. Mar. Biol. Letters, 4. Glynn, P.W., M. Petez & S.L. Gilchrist, 1985. Lipid decline in stressed = corals and their crustacean symbionts. Biol. Bull, 168: 276-284. I couldn't find any reference of Glynn' pepers since 1985, can = anybody help me in this question too. =20 Thank You very much. I am looking for Your requests. Sincerely Yours, Marin Ivan Marin Ivan Zoological Department Biological Faculty Altay State University St.Lenina, 61 656099 Barnaul Russia It will be better if address is written so (in Russian by Latin = symbols): To Marin Ivan 771 gruppa Kafedra Zoologiy Biologicheskiy Facul'tet Altaiskiy Gosudarstvenny Universitet Prospect Lenina, 61 656099, Barnaul, Russia=20 Or I have my private post address: 656038, Barnaul-38, p/o box 75. Russia. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 26 09:48:24 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA16205; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 09:48:23 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02484; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 13:46:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002460; Wed, 26 Sep 01 13:45:54 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKA6J800.D2U for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 13:42:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKA6YZ00.LT8; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 13:52:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA29875; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 13:52:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAcSa4v6; Wed, 26 Sep 01 13:52:09 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA12245 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 17:44:58 GMT Message-Id: <200109261744.RAA12245@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 12:52:03 -0400 From: "Miller-Tipton, Beth A." To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: 2nd Inter Conf Marine Ornamentals Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 875 ***************************************************************** The 2nd International Conference on Marine Ornamentals: Collection, Culture and Conservation, will DEFINITELY take place November 26-December 1, 2001 at the Wyndham Palace Resort and Spa in Walt Disney World, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA. Anyone who is ANYONE involved in Marine Ornamentals should be there. The DETAILED PROGRAM AGENDA has been finalized including all plenary and concurrent session presenters. It is a diverse yet comprehensive program and will benefit a wide audience of those involved in the industry. It is easiest to print out the FINAL ANNOUNCEMENT located at http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/mo/marine.pdf and take a look at who's talking on the latest topics affecting marine ornamentals. EVERYTHING you need to know about the conference is posted on the MAIN conference website. Here is a link for your immediate convenience. http://www.ifas.ufl.edu/~conferweb/MO Best wishes and we hope to see you in November! Sincerely, Ms. Beth Miller-Tipton, CMP, Director Office of Conferences and Institutes (OCI) Marine Ornamentals '01 - Conference Coordinator University of Florida Leadership and Education Foundation, Inc. (UFLEF) Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) PO Box 110750 Building 639, Mowry Road Gainesville, FL 32611-0750 PHONE: 1-352-392-5930 / FAX 1-352-392-9734 EMAIL: mailto:bmiller-tipton@mail.ifas.ufl.edu Website: http://www.ifas.ufl.edu/~conferweb/MO ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 26 11:01:14 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA20117; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 11:01:13 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA04553; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 14:58:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004545; Wed, 26 Sep 01 14:58:41 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKA9WE00.G3K for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 14:55:26 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKAA7T00.4QG; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 12:02:17 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA29179; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 12:02:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASWaa_4; Wed, 26 Sep 01 12:02:16 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA12378 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 18:58:04 GMT Received: from hermes.nos.noaa.gov (hermes.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.127.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA12178 for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 14:57:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([205.156.36.1]) by hermes.nos.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 hermes Jun 11 2001 16:23:30) with ESMTP id GKAA4M00.TBG for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 15:00:22 -0400 Message-ID: <3BB22546.805DF516@noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 13:58:33 -0500 From: "G.P Schmahl" Reply-To: george.schmahl@noaa.gov Organization: Ocean and Coastal Resource Management X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 (Macintosh; U; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en,pdf MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral List Subject: Coral Spawning Flower Garden Banks Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------9E83DD0E5F714F882E8564FB" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 876 --------------9E83DD0E5F714F882E8564FB Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Apologies for the tardiness of this post, but the following are observations of coral spawning within the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, northwestern Gulf of Mexico (approximately 27 degrees 56 minutes north latitude, 93 degrees 44 minutes west longitude). Two pronounced coral spawning events were witnessed this year, following the full moon of August and September. Observations in this report are by Sanctuary staff (G.P. Schmahl, Emma Hickerson, Jennifer DeBose, Kevin Buch), and Dr. Peter Vize (University of Calgary); with additional contributions by Eric Borneman (University of Houston) and James Wiseman. Times are given as local time - Central Daylight Time (CDT). August Full Moon: August 4, 2001, 12:56 am Observations were made on August 9, 10 and 11. August 9, 2001 Montastrea franksi: 9:40pm - 10:00pm (many colonies) Other observations: Unidentified brittlestar (Ophioderma sp.) - female releasing eggs August 10, 2001 Montastrea cavernosa males: 9:00pm - 9:35pm (a few colonies) Montastrea cavernosa females: 9:45pm (a few colonies) Diploria strigosa: 9:00pm - 10:30+pm (many colonies) Montastrea franksi: 9:45 pm - 10:30+pm (many colonies) Other observations: Spirobranchus giganteus (Christmas tree worm): 10:00pm - 10:18pm (few male and female) Eunicid polychaete worms (Lysidice ninetta) in water column. Collected specimens were full of gametes. August 11, 2001 Diploria strigosa: 10:30+pm (very few colonies) Montastrea franksi: 10:20pm - 10:50pm (many colonies) Stephanocoenia michelinii: 10:30pm (1 male only) Other observations: Ophioderma rubicundum: 9:00pm - 10:20pm (many observed, but few displaying female egg release behavior) September Full moon: September 2, 2001, 4:43 pm. Observations were made on September 9 and 10. September 8, 2001 - No spawning reported by divers on the Sea Searcher, a dive charter vessel with experienced coral observers from the Aquarium of the Americas aboard. September 9, 2001 Diploria strigosa: 9:05pm - 10:00+pm (many colonies) Montastrea franksi: 9:15pm - 10:00+pm (many colonies) Montastrea cavernosa males: 9:10pm - 9:15pm (2 colonies) Montastrea cavernosa females: 9:15pm - 9:30pm (2 colonies) Significant accumulation of coral gametes on the surface by 10:45pm September 10, 2001 Diploria strigosa: 9:15pm - 10:06pm (many colonies) Montastrea franksi: 9:17pm - 9:54pm (many colonies) Stephanocoenia michelinii: 10:15pm - 10:25pm (few colonies - male and female) Significant accumulation of coral gametes on the surface by 10:45pm No observations conducted on September 11. Notes: Very little spawning by Montastrea cavernosa in September. No spawning behavior observed by brittle stars or christmas tree worms in September. -- G.P. Schmahl Sanctuary Manager National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary 216 W. 26th Street, Suite 104 Bryan, TX 77803 (979) 779-2705 (979) 779-2334 (fax) george.schmahl@noaa.gov http://www.flowergarden.nos.noaa.gov --------------9E83DD0E5F714F882E8564FB Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Apologies for the tardiness of this post, but the following are observations of coral spawning within the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, northwestern Gulf of Mexico (approximately 27 degrees 56 minutes north latitude, 93 degrees 44 minutes west longitude).

Two pronounced coral spawning events were witnessed this year, following the full moon of August and September.

Observations in this report are by Sanctuary staff (G.P. Schmahl, Emma Hickerson, Jennifer DeBose, Kevin Buch), and Dr. Peter Vize (University of Calgary); with additional contributions by Eric Borneman (University of Houston) and James Wiseman. Times are given as local time - Central Daylight Time (CDT).

August

Full Moon: August 4, 2001, 12:56 am
Observations were made on August 9, 10 and 11.

August 9, 2001
Montastrea franksi: 9:40pm - 10:00pm (many colonies)

Other observations:
Unidentified brittlestar (Ophioderma sp.) - female releasing eggs

August 10, 2001
Montastrea cavernosa males: 9:00pm - 9:35pm (a few colonies)
Montastrea cavernosa females: 9:45pm (a few colonies)
Diploria strigosa: 9:00pm - 10:30+pm (many colonies)
Montastrea franksi: 9:45 pm - 10:30+pm (many colonies)

Other observations:
Spirobranchus giganteus (Christmas tree worm): 10:00pm - 10:18pm (few male and female)
Eunicid polychaete worms (Lysidice ninetta) in water column. Collected specimens were full of gametes.

August 11, 2001
Diploria strigosa: 10:30+pm (very few colonies)
Montastrea franksi: 10:20pm - 10:50pm (many colonies)
Stephanocoenia michelinii: 10:30pm (1 male only)

Other observations:
Ophioderma rubicundum: 9:00pm - 10:20pm (many observed, but few displaying female egg release behavior)

September

Full moon: September 2, 2001, 4:43 pm.
Observations were made on September 9 and 10.

September 8, 2001 - No spawning reported by divers on the Sea Searcher, a dive charter vessel with experienced coral observers from the Aquarium of the Americas aboard.

September 9, 2001
Diploria strigosa: 9:05pm - 10:00+pm (many colonies)
Montastrea franksi: 9:15pm - 10:00+pm (many colonies)
Montastrea cavernosa males: 9:10pm - 9:15pm (2 colonies)
Montastrea cavernosa females: 9:15pm - 9:30pm (2 colonies)

Significant accumulation of coral gametes on the surface by 10:45pm

September 10, 2001
Diploria strigosa: 9:15pm - 10:06pm (many colonies)
Montastrea franksi: 9:17pm - 9:54pm (many colonies)
Stephanocoenia michelinii: 10:15pm - 10:25pm (few colonies - male and female)

Significant accumulation of coral gametes on the surface by 10:45pm

No observations conducted on September 11.

Notes:
Very little spawning by Montastrea cavernosa in September.
No spawning behavior observed by brittle stars or christmas tree worms in September.

--
G.P. Schmahl
Sanctuary Manager
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary
216 W. 26th Street, Suite 104
Bryan, TX 77803

(979) 779-2705
(979) 779-2334 (fax)
george.schmahl@noaa.gov
http://www.flowergarden.nos.noaa.gov
--------------9E83DD0E5F714F882E8564FB-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 26 16:35:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA25196; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 16:35:34 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA09197; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 20:33:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009187; Wed, 26 Sep 01 20:33:14 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKAPE300.44B for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 20:30:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKAPTV00.367; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 20:39:31 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA00510; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 20:39:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAKBaW_a; Wed, 26 Sep 01 20:39:29 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA12823 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 27 Sep 2001 00:25:14 GMT Message-Id: <200109270025.AAA12823@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 17:01:03 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" To: Richard Grigg CC: Coral-List , Jim Hendee Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed -- and the ABH and carbonate saturation Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 878 Rick and not-quite captive audience � I�ll answer your questions/comments in reverse order. As far as I know there is no published/refereed statement of the putative effects of Mg-calcite on reef calcification, so it will have to be what I think about what I think it is. I. As I understand what I will call the Magnesium Salvation Theory (MST for a convenient shorthand), it goes something like this: 1. There is a lot of magnesian calcite in the (low-latitude) carbonate sediments of the world ocean. 2. High-Mg calcite is more soluble than aragonite. 3. As saturation state and pH of the surface ocean drop as a result of anthropogenic CO2 additions (or for any other reason), high-Mg calcite will dissolve before aragonite does, buffering the surface ocean carbonate saturation state. 4. Therefore concerns about the effects of lowered carbonate saturation state on calcification by corals and coralline algae are not warranted. Points 1-2 are valid, point 3 is valid in principle but questionable in practice, and the extension to point 4 isn�t valid. For the MST to work, two conditions would have to obtain: a. The saturation state at which the high-Mg calcite buffers the surface water would have be high enough to avoid negative calcification effects, and b. The equilibration (that is, dissolution kinetics) would have to be rapid on the 50-100 year time scale of anthropogenic CO2 additions. Neither of these two conditions will be met. Since Greek letters do not translate to text files, I use OM in place of Omega, the saturation index (where 1 = solid-solution equilibrium, larger numbers = supersaturation, and smaller numbers = undersaturation). OMh= saturation state of high-Mg calcite, OMa= saturation state of aragonite. OMc= saturation state of calcite. 1. Considering point a above: Aragonite is more soluble than calcite and the ratio of their saturation states is well-known: to 2 significant figures, OMc/OMa is 1.5. High-Mg calcite is a little less precisely definable because it is not a well defined molecule, but rather a range of solid solutions (0-30 mole % MgCO3 is stable, <8% has little or no effect on calcite solubility, 11% has approximately the same solubility as aragonite), we will be close enough to use the value of OMa/OMh = 1.3-1.5. Essentially by definition, chemical dissolution does not occur at all above a value of OM = 1. We can see that when high-Mg calcite would first start dissolving, OMa would be 1.3-1.5 or less. If we consider the modeled results of Kleypas, J.A. et al., 1999. Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs. Science, 284(2 April 1999): 118-120 (figure 1C), we see that the most extreme and extended prediction is for an average tropical surface ocean OMa of >1.5 in the year 2100. It is this prediction on which the predictions of calcification decline are based, and all of the projected calcification effects occur before there could be any large-scale dissolution of high-Mg calcite � hence, no salvation by magnesium. 2. Relevant to both points a and b: Equilibrium is defined as the net balance between forward and back reactions (in this case precipitation and dissolution). Not only the fact that the surface oceans are strongly supersaturated with respect to calcite and aragonite, but also a great deal of experimental work testify to the extremely limited occurrence of inorganic (as opposed to biogenic) precipitation. Reaction kinetics are strongly hindered and absolute rates are very slow, almost certainly due to the occlusion of mineral surfaces by organics and/or less soluble mineral phases. Chemical symmetry raises the question of why we would expect the surface ocean saturation state to be controlled by mineral dissolution in the near future when it is not currently controlled by mineral precipitation This is probably the point to insert the qualifying comment that organisms are constrained by environmental chemistry, but not absolutely controlled at the rates and/or equilibria of inorganic chemistry (that is, they may be able to get around some aspects of thermodynamics, but they are stuck with ultimate conservation of mass and energy). The observations to date indicate that zooxanthellate corals and coralline algae exhibit high rates of calcification at OMa >4, and that most species show significant declines at levels that are still supersaturated but well above 1. 3. Relevant to point b: Apart from the micro-scale inhibition of dissolution and precipitation at the carbonate surface, there are macro-scale advective issues that reduce potential reaction rates. The large inventory of Mg-calcite in the world sediments is mostly buried. Only the top few cm (in high energy environments) or mm (in low-energy environments) is in any kind of well-exchanged contact with the overlying water. Below that, pore water residence times rise exponentially. Interstitial pore water in reef systems is normally (or at least often) controlled at the saturation state of high-Mg calcite, with the help of biogenically mediated solution or precipitation, but the volumetric exchange of this water with the overlying water is extremely slow compared to both surface layer mixing and the physical and biological processes acting in the open water and at the air-sea interface to maintain the (super)saturation state there. Empirical evidence for this is that the Holocene reef sediments (up to 8000 years in age) are neither flushed of high-Mg calcite by dissolution, nor totally locked up by diagenetic cement formation. And, there is no reason to expect a major change in pore water residence times in the near future. Another comment or two � the one place in the ocean where you do see reasonably prompt responses of saturation equilibria is in the lysocline-carbonate compensation depth region. This is far below the mixed layer, and is driven by organic/carbonate ratios in the sedimentary rainout � all of which, in the pelagic world, have much higher specific surface areas and therefore reaction rates than the big, organic-rich lumps on a reef. The reason that the surface ocean can maintain its saturation disequilibrium so well is that the mixed layer is rather strongly compartmentalized in terms of its dissolved constitutents (as opposed to particulates, which can fall through the pycnocline). And, since the exchangeable carbon inventories of the mixed layer and the atmosphere are similar in size, and air-sea exchange keeps them nearly in equilibrium, surface ocean response to CO2 input to the atmosphere is prompt and substantial. Recommended or suggested reading (sorry if this seems egocentric, but obviously it�s easiest for me to remember and judge relevance of what I�ve been involved in, so there are a thoroughly disproportionate number of Buddemeier things): Morse, J. W. and Mackenzie, F. T., 1990. Geochemistry of Sedimentary Carbonates. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 707 pp. Gattuso, J.P., Allemand, D. and Frankignoulle, M., 1999. Photosynthesis and calcification at cellular, organismal and community levels in coral reefs: A review on interactions and control by the carbonate chemistry. American Zoologist, 39(1): 160-183. Kleypas, J.A. et al., 1999a. Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs. Science, 284(2 April 1999): 118-120. Kleypas, J.A., Buddemeier, R.W. and Gattuso, J.-P., 2001. Defining 'coral reef' for the age of global change. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 90: 426-437. Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. and Menez, L.A.B., 1999b. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Where do we draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Tribble, G.W., Sansone, F.J., Buddemeier, R.W. and Li, Y.-H., 1992. Hydraulic Exchange between a Coral Reef and Surface Seawater. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104: 1280-1291. Buddemeier, R.W. and Oberdorfer, J.A., 1986. Internal Hydrology and Geochemistry of Coral Reefs and Atoll Islands: Key to Diagenetic Variations. In: J.H.S.a.B.H. Purser (Editor), Reef Diagenesis. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 91-111. Buddemeier, R.W. and Oberdorfer, J.A., 1988. Hydrogeology and Hydrodynamics of Coral Reef Pore Waters. In: J.H. Choate et al. (Editor), Proceedings, 6th Int. Coral Reef Symp., Townsville, Australia, pp. 485-490. Buddemeier, R.W., 1994. Symbiosis, calcification, and environmental Interactions. In: F. Doumenge (Editor), Past and Present Biomineralization Processes. Mus�e Oc�anographique, Monaco, pp. 119-137. Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1996a. Global CO2 and evolution among the Scleractinia. In: D. Allemand and J.-P. Cuif (Editors), Biomineralization '93, 7th International Symposium on Biomineralization. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco, pp. 33-38. Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1996b. Saturation state and the evolution and biogeography of symbiotic calcification. In: D. Allemand and J.-P. Cuif (Editors), Biomineralization '93, 7th International Symposium on Biomineralization. Bulletin de l'Institute oceanographique, Monaco, Monaco, pp. 23-32. II. ABH � I think, and sincerely hope, that Daphne�s recent response will have clarified the issues. Most of the so-called debate or criticism has consisted of other people redefining or misinterpreting our statements and then claiming that there is something wrong with the concept on the basis of their revision. Related to your comments � one of reasons for proposing the existence of an adaptively flexible multilateral symbiosis was precisely the points you make � long taxon lifetimes in both corals and algae, in combination with an obligately variable preferred habitat and no particular evidence of high extinction rates. The ecospecies concept preserves the benefits of very rapid adaptation (of the symbiotic combination) in the presence of the other features. I thought it might be good to get the idea as close to a one-liner as possible � a brief synopsis: The question is: Can the application of stress (any stress or combination, not just warm water) that results in a diminution of the pre-existing population of endosymbionts (a.k.a. bleaching) lead to a change (from either endogenous or exogenous sources) in the balance or nature of the symbiont types that results in an increase in the fitness of the host-symbiont complex (ecospecies) with respect to environmental stresses? We hypothesized (on the basis of very real hard, if indirect evidence) that the answer is yes, and proposed some tests. We consider both the indirect and the direct evidence emerging since then to support, but certainly not to 'prove' the hypothesis. Bob Buddemeier Richard Grigg wrote: > Dear Bob, > > Thank you for shedding some more light on your adaptive bleaching > hypothesis and as you point out, there is almost a complete absence of hard > evidence either for or against the argument. In this regard, I don't have > to remind you, that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence (of > coral's adaptive abilities). Also, in this regard, I think we can infer > more from the fossil record than most of us seem now willing to accept even > though the adaptive responses have the benefit of thousand or even millions > of years. BUT, over the millenia, there must have been some rapid bursts > of sudden change such as the K-T event itself. Stephen J. Gould's view of > evolution by punctuated equilibrium is, in fact, based on such bursts of > change. And yet, we don't see much extinction in corals at least at the > generic or Family level (Re: Veron's work). Doesn't this imply high > adaptive ability? Perhaps we need to revisit the fossil record more often > and pull in the views of John Pandolfi and Charley Veron (where are you > guys?). > > Also, while I am at it, let me ask you to shed some of your > exceptional knowledge and experience in marine geo-chemistry on the problem > of decreasing carbonate saturation state in the world's oceans as a result > of increasing co2 globally. I think there is an equally broad pool of > misunderstanding about the degree to which existing carbonate sediments in > the world's oceans, can serve as a buffer to this effect??? I for one > would appreciate hearing your insights on this question. Hope this > question does not pose to great a burden but I'm sure the coral reef > community will appreciate your views. > > Rick Grigg > Dept. of > Oceanography > University > of Hawaii > > At 12:58 AM 9/18/01 -0500, buddrw wrote: > >Coral-listers; > > > >I have received, in addition to this broadcast message from Ove, other > >personal communications that indicate that there is a fairly broad pool of > >misunderstanding about what the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis is and > >isn't. The comments below address primarily things that it isn't, and I > >have sent messages to Ove and others on an individual basis to try to get > >this sorted out so that a productive discussion can ensue. > > > >In the meantime, I heartily recommend recourse to the original literature > >as a source of primary information -- I, Daphne Fautin, and John Ware will > >all be more than happy to answer questions or attempt to clear up > >confusion. > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > >PS: I stand by my original statements. > > > > >===== Original Message From ===== > > >Dear Bob and others, > > > > > >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some > >"reef > > >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching > > >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with > >the > > >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at > >this > > >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence, > > >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and > > >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests > > have > > >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the > > >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait > >for > > >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one > >dinoflagellate > > >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still > > being > > >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown. > > >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here > >does > > >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker > > >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using > > >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to > >another > > >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is > > >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also > >confounded > > >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and > > >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the > > >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly > > more > > >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the > >corals > > >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they > >did > > >not bleach!). > > > > > >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" - > >the > > >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so > > far) > >by > > >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I > >also > > >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did > >state) > > >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types" > >(deliberate > > >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced > > >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is > >the > > >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for > >even > > >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million > >people. > > >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is > > >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion. > > > > > >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual > > >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us > >reef > > >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we > > also > > >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human > >societies > > >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the > > future > >are > > >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades. > > > > > >Best wishes, > > > > > >Ove > > > > > >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg > > >Director, Centre for Marine Studies > > >University of Queensland > > >St Lucia, 4072, QLD > > > > > >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333 > > >Fax: +61 07 3365 4755 > > >Email: oveh@uq.edu.au > > >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html > > > > > > > > >-----Original Message----- > > >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > > >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier > > >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM > > >To: Jim Hendee > > >Cc: Coral-List > > >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed? > > > > > > > > >Jim, et al., > > > > > >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if > >disturbing > > >article. > > > > > >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature > > increase > > >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors > > >that work against that. > > >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly > >as > > >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.) > > >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. > >and > > >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development: > > Where do > >we > > >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth > > shoals > > >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This > > >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght > >variations > > >-- which aren't going to change. > > >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude > > >sides -- see the US National Assessment, > > >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4. > > > > > >So there is little basis for optimism there. > > > > > >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of > > >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the > > >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them." The > > Ware > >et > > >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral > > >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43: > > >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al > >in > > >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some > > >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation > > >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997. > > >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian > > >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International > > >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The > > >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a > > >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the > >seriousness > > >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid -- > > >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is > > >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation. > > > > > >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral > > habitats > >-- > > >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any > > favors, > >by > > >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of > > >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where. > > > > > >Thanks for bringing this up. > > > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > > > > > > >Jim Hendee wrote: > > > > > >> Dear Coral Colleagues, > > >> > > >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't > > >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the > > >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to > > >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study > > >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our > > >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but > > >> have these thoughts: > > >> > > >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection, > > >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short > > >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have > > >> addressed this. > > >> > > >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately > > >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are > > >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand > > >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation, > > >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some > > >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for > > >> not referencing your work.) > > >> > > >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of > > >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the > > >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV > > >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the > > >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer. > > >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching > > >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during > > >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas > > >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?) > > >> > > >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and > > >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements > > >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this. > > >> > > >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching > > >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the > > >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should > > >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that > > >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a > > >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!). > > >> > > >> Just my two cents worth... > > >> > > >> Cheers, > > >> > > >> Jim Hendee > > >> NOAA/AOML > > >> Miami, FL > > >> > > >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral > > >> Reefs 12, 1-17. > > >> > > >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and > > >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509. > > >> > > >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation > > >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic > > >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283. > > >> > > >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J. > > >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the > > >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press). > > >> > > >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral > > >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological > > >> Modelling 84, 199-214. > > >> > > >> -------- Original Message -------- > > >> > > >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns > > >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters > > >> Thursday, September 06, 2001 > > >> > > >> GLASGOW, Scotland � The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years > > >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a > > >> scientist warned Wednesday. > > >> > > >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be > > >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a > > >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the > > >> tropical rain forests." > > >> > > >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance > > >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning > > >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to > > >> creep up. > > >> > > >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the > > coral-eating > > >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the > > >> over-fishing of their predators. > > >> > > >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of > > nature's > > >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral > >bleaching. > > >> > > >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer > > >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs, > >die > > >> off within weeks. > > >> > > >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between > >one > > >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of > > >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays. > > >> > > >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon > > >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too > > >> late to > > >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that > > >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels > >and > > >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the > > >> British Association for the Advancement of Science. > > >> > > >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral > > >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit > > >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die > > out. > > >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time, > > >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said. > > >> > > >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and > > >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the > >wrath > > >> of the oceans without their natural defenses. > > >> > > >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many > > >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the > > >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue. > > >> > > >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge > > >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. > > >> > > >> Copyright 2001 � Reuters > > >> > > >> ~~~~~~~ > > >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > > > >-- > > >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier > > >Kansas Geological Survey > > >University of Kansas > > >1930 Constant Avenue > > >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA > > >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 > > >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 > > >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > > > > > > > >~~~~~~~ > > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier > >Senior Scientist, Geohydrology > >Kansas Geological Survey > >University of Kansas > >1930 Constant Avenue > >Lawrence, KS 66047 > >USA > >ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317 > >email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > > >~~~~~~~ > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu --------------2FE0C695EAA40A357393030E Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Rick and not-quite captive audience �

I�ll answer your questions/comments in reverse order. As far as I know there is no published/refereed statement of the putative effects of Mg-calcite on reef calcification, so it will have to be what I think about what I think it is.

I. As I understand what I will call the Magnesium Salvation Theory (MST for a convenient shorthand), it goes something like this:
1. There is a lot of magnesian calcite in the (low-latitude) carbonate sediments of the world ocean.
2. High-Mg calcite is more soluble than aragonite.
3. As saturation state and pH of the surface ocean drop as a result of anthropogenic CO2 additions (or for any other reason), high-Mg calcite will dissolve before aragonite does, buffering the surface ocean carbonate saturation state.
4. Therefore concerns about the effects of lowered carbonate saturation state on calcification by corals and coralline algae are not warranted.

Points 1-2 are valid, point 3 is valid in principle but questionable in practice, and the extension to point 4 isn�t valid. For the MST to work, two conditions would have to obtain:
a. The saturation state at which the high-Mg calcite buffers the surface water would have be high enough to avoid negative calcification effects, and
b. The equilibration (that is, dissolution kinetics) would have to be rapid on the 50-100 year time scale of anthropogenic CO2 additions.
Neither of these two conditions will be met.

Since Greek letters do not translate to text files, I use OM in place of Omega, the saturation index (where 1 = solid-solution equilibrium, larger numbers = supersaturation, and smaller numbers = undersaturation). OMh= saturation state of high-Mg calcite, OMa= saturation state of aragonite. OMc= saturation state of calcite.

1. Considering point a above:

Aragonite is more soluble than calcite and the ratio of their saturation states is well-known: to 2 significant figures, OMc/OMa is 1.5. High-Mg calcite is a little less precisely definable because it is not a well defined molecule, but rather a range of solid solutions (0-30 mole % MgCO3 is stable, <8% has little or no effect on calcite solubility, 11% has approximately the same solubility as aragonite), we will be close enough to use the value of OMa/OMh = 1.3-1.5.

Essentially by definition, chemical dissolution does not occur at all above a value of OM = 1. We can see that when high-Mg calcite would first start dissolving, OMa would be 1.3-1.5 or less. If we consider the modeled results of Kleypas, J.A. et al., 1999. Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs. Science, 284(2 April 1999): 118-120 (figure 1C), we see that the most extreme and extended prediction is for an average tropical surface ocean OMa of >1.5 in the year 2100. It is this prediction on which the predictions of calcification decline are based, and all of the projected calcification effects occur before there could be any large-scale dissolution of high-Mg calcite � hence, no salvation by magnesium.

2. Relevant to both points a and b:

Equilibrium is defined as the net balance between forward and back reactions (in this case precipitation and dissolution). Not only the fact that the surface oceans are strongly supersaturated with respect to calcite and aragonite, but also a great deal of experimental work testify to the extremely limited occurrence of inorganic (as opposed to biogenic) precipitation. Reaction kinetics are strongly hindered and absolute rates are very slow, almost certainly due to the occlusion of mineral surfaces by organics and/or less soluble mineral phases. Chemical symmetry raises the question of why we would expect the surface ocean saturation state to be controlled by mineral dissolution in the near future when it is not currently controlled by mineral precipitation

This is probably the point to insert the qualifying comment that organisms are constrained by environmental chemistry, but not absolutely controlled at the rates and/or equilibria of inorganic chemistry (that is, they may be able to get around some aspects of thermodynamics, but they are stuck with ultimate conservation of mass and energy). The observations to date indicate that zooxanthellate corals and coralline algae exhibit high rates of calcification at OMa >4, and that most species show significant declines at levels that are still supersaturated but well above 1.

3. Relevant to point b:

Apart from the micro-scale inhibition of dissolution and precipitation at the carbonate surface, there are macro-scale advective issues that reduce potential reaction rates. The large inventory of Mg-calcite in the world sediments is mostly buried. Only the top few cm (in high energy environments) or mm (in low-energy environments) is in any kind of well-exchanged contact with the overlying water. Below that, pore water residence times rise exponentially. Interstitial pore water in reef systems is normally (or at least often) controlled at the saturation state of high-Mg calcite, with the help of biogenically mediated solution or precipitation, but the volumetric exchange of this water with the overlying water is extremely slow compared to both surface layer mixing and the physical and biological processes acting in the open water and at the air-sea interface to maintain the (super)saturation state there. Empirical evidence for this is that the Holocene reef sediments (up to 8000 years in age) are neither flushed of high-Mg calcite by dissolution, nor totally locked up by diagenetic cement formation. And, there is no reason to expect a major change in pore water residence times in the near future.

Another comment or two � the one place in the ocean where you do see reasonably prompt responses of saturation equilibria is in the lysocline-carbonate compensation depth region. This is far below the mixed layer, and is driven by organic/carbonate ratios in the sedimentary rainout � all of which, in the pelagic world, have much higher specific surface areas and therefore reaction rates than the big, organic-rich lumps on a reef. The reason that the surface ocean can maintain its saturation disequilibrium so well is that the mixed layer is rather strongly compartmentalized in terms of its dissolved constitutents (as opposed to particulates, which can fall through the pycnocline). And, since the exchangeable carbon inventories of the mixed layer and the atmosphere are similar in size, and air-sea exchange keeps them nearly in equilibrium, surface ocean response to CO2 input to the atmosphere is prompt and substantial.

Recommended or suggested reading (sorry if this seems egocentric, but obviously it�s easiest for me to remember and judge relevance of what I�ve been involved in, so there are a thoroughly disproportionate number of Buddemeier things):

Morse, J. W. and Mackenzie, F. T., 1990. Geochemistry of Sedimentary Carbonates. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 707 pp.
Gattuso, J.P., Allemand, D. and Frankignoulle, M., 1999. Photosynthesis and calcification at cellular, organismal and community levels in coral reefs: A review on interactions and control by the carbonate chemistry. American Zoologist, 39(1): 160-183.
Kleypas, J.A. et al., 1999a. Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs. Science, 284(2 April 1999): 118-120.
Kleypas, J.A., Buddemeier, R.W. and Gattuso, J.-P., 2001. Defining 'coral reef' for the age of global change. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 90: 426-437.
Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W. and Menez, L.A.B., 1999b. Environmental limits to coral reef development: Where do we draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159.
Tribble, G.W., Sansone, F.J., Buddemeier, R.W. and Li, Y.-H., 1992. Hydraulic Exchange between a Coral Reef and Surface Seawater. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104: 1280-1291.
Buddemeier, R.W. and Oberdorfer, J.A., 1986. Internal Hydrology and Geochemistry of Coral Reefs and Atoll Islands: Key to Diagenetic Variations. In: J.H.S.a.B.H. Purser (Editor), Reef Diagenesis. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 91-111.
Buddemeier, R.W. and Oberdorfer, J.A., 1988. Hydrogeology and Hydrodynamics of Coral Reef Pore Waters. In: J.H. Choate et al. (Editor), Proceedings, 6th Int. Coral Reef Symp., Townsville, Australia, pp. 485-490.
Buddemeier, R.W., 1994. Symbiosis, calcification, and environmental Interactions. In: F. Doumenge (Editor), Past and Present Biomineralization Processes. Musée Océanographique, Monaco, pp. 119-137.
Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1996a. Global CO2 and evolution among the Scleractinia. In: D. Allemand and J.-P. Cuif (Editors), Biomineralization '93, 7th International Symposium on Biomineralization. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco, pp. 33-38.
Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1996b. Saturation state and the evolution and biogeography of symbiotic calcification. In: D. Allemand and J.-P. Cuif (Editors), Biomineralization '93, 7th International Symposium on Biomineralization. Bulletin de l'Institute oceanographique, Monaco, Monaco, pp. 23-32.

II. ABH �

I think, and sincerely hope, that Daphne�s recent response will have clarified the issues. Most of the so-called debate or criticism has consisted of other people redefining or misinterpreting our statements and then claiming that there is something wrong with the concept on the basis of their revision.

Related to your comments � one of reasons for proposing the existence of an adaptively flexible multilateral symbiosis was precisely the points you make � long taxon lifetimes in both corals and algae, in combination with an obligately variable preferred habitat and no particular evidence of high extinction rates. The ecospecies concept preserves the benefits of very rapid adaptation (of the symbiotic combination) in the presence of the other features.

I thought it might be good to get the idea as close to a one-liner as possible � a brief synopsis:

The question is: Can the application of stress (any stress or combination, not just warm water) that results in a diminution of the pre-existing population of endosymbionts (a.k.a. bleaching) lead to a change (from either endogenous or exogenous sources) in the balance or nature of the symbiont types that results in an increase in the fitness of the host-symbiont complex (ecospecies) with respect to environmental stresses?
We hypothesized (on the basis of very real hard, if indirect evidence) that the answer is yes, and proposed some tests. We consider both the indirect and the direct evidence emerging since then to support, but certainly not to 'prove' the hypothesis.

Bob Buddemeier

Richard Grigg wrote:

Dear Bob,
         Thank you for shedding some more light on your adaptive bleaching
hypothesis and as you point out, there is almost a complete absence of hard
evidence either for or against the argument. In this regard, I don't have
to remind you, that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence (of
coral's adaptive abilities). Also, in this regard, I think we can infer
more from the fossil record than most of us seem now willing to accept even
though the adaptive responses have the benefit of thousand or even millions
of years. BUT, over the millenia, there must have been some rapid bursts
of sudden change such as the K-T event itself. Stephen J. Gould's view of
evolution by punctuated equilibrium is, in fact, based on such bursts of
change. And yet, we don't see much extinction in corals at least at the
generic or Family level (Re: Veron's work). Doesn't this imply high
adaptive ability? Perhaps we need to revisit the fossil record more often
and pull in the views of John Pandolfi and Charley Veron (where are you
guys?).
         Also, while I am at it, let me ask you to shed some of your
exceptional knowledge and experience in marine geo-chemistry on the problem
of decreasing carbonate saturation state in the world's oceans as a result
of increasing co2 globally. I think there is an equally broad pool of
misunderstanding about the degree to which existing carbonate sediments in
the world's oceans, can serve as a buffer to this effect??? I for one
would appreciate hearing your insights on this question. Hope this
question does not pose to great a burden but I'm sure the coral reef
community will appreciate your views.
                                                                 Rick Grigg
                                                                 Dept. of
Oceanography
                                                                 University
of Hawaii
At 12:58 AM 9/18/01 -0500, buddrw wrote:
>Coral-listers;
>
>I have received, in addition to this broadcast message from Ove, other
>personal communications that indicate that there is a fairly broad pool of
>misunderstanding about what the Adaptive Bleaching Hypothesis is and
>isn't. The comments below address primarily things that it isn't, and I
>have sent messages to Ove and others on an individual basis to try to get
>this sorted out so that a productive discussion can ensue.
>
>In the meantime, I heartily recommend recourse to the original literature
>as a source of primary information -- I, Daphne Fautin, and John Ware will
>all be more than happy to answer questions or attempt to clear up
>confusion.
>
>Bob Buddemeier
>
>PS: I stand by my original statements.
>
> >===== Original Message From <oveh@uq.edu.au> =====
> >Dear Bob and others,
> >
> >I was triggered to respond by the inferences in your statement that some
>"reef
> >ecology and conservation" types have trouble with the Adaptive Bleaching
> >Hypothesis. Any practicing experimental scientist would have an issue with
>the
> >state of play regarding support for this hypothesis. The basic problem at
>this
> >point is nothing to do with "culture" - it is more to do with hard evidence,
> >which is almost completely lacking to support this still very soft and
> >hypothetical explanation for why coral bleach. While experimental tests
> have
> >been coming in, they have had serious problems in terms of design and the
> >conclusions they draw. Us "reef ecology and conservation types" still wait
>for
> >the definitive data that shows corals will bleach, get rid of one
>dinoflagellate
> >genotype and adopt another WHILE the thermal (or other) stress is still
> being
> >applied to the coral-dinoflagellate association. This has never been shown.
> >Showing diversity in rDNA is interesting but irrelevant if diversity here
>does
> >not relate to relevant physiological differences. The recent paper by Baker
> >(whom I greatly respect), for example, used light and could not prove (using
> >RFLPs) that his corals had changed from one dinoflagellate genotype to
>another
> >(simply up-regulating one strain over another is not sufficient - that is
> >acclimation and is not surprising). The experimental design was also
>confounded
> >by the fact that stressed corals were placed in the two contrasting and
> >confounding (for the experiment) habitats (one, the deeper site, was at the
> >extreme depth limit of the species concerned while the other was clearly
> more
> >optimal after photo acclimation). It is therefore not surprising that the
>corals
> >died more at deeper site - which has nothing to do with the fact that they
>did
> >not bleach!).
> >
> >Other issues abound and concern us "reef ecology and conservation types" -
>the
> >idea of range of expansion is limited (as outlined by several people so
> far)
>by
> >the fact that light may be a more important limiting than temperature. I
>also
> >want to stress that the issue of the decline of reefs (as you, Bob, did
>state)
> >has nothing to do with the extinction of corals. As the "geo types"
>(deliberate
> >use here) tell us worse things have happened to corals and they have bounced
> >back (but over thousands if not millions of years). The issue, however, is
>the
> >current human dependency on coral reef ecosystems - reefs disappearing for
>even
> >a few decades would present serious issues for several hundred million
>people.
> >The idea of finding out how reefs survived major extinction events is
> >interesting but largely irrelevant to the current discussion.
> >
> >So - out I come on my old hobby horse - we still have no evidence of unusual
> >adaptive abilities of corals that will match the fast rate of change. Us
>reef
> >ecology types keep looking. While looking for this evidence - perhaps we
> also
> >need to focus on how reefs will change and how we can "adapt" as human
>societies
> >to these changes. This research direction, if the projections of the
> future
>are
> >correct, will assume a major significance as we enter the next few decades.
> >
> >Best wishes,
> >
> >Ove
> >
> >Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg
> >Director, Centre for Marine Studies
> >University of Queensland
> >St Lucia, 4072, QLD
> >
> >Phone: +61 07 3365 4333
> >Fax:       +61 07 3365 4755
> >Email:    oveh@uq.edu.au
> >http://www.marine.uq.edu.au/CMS_pro/www/staff.html
> >
> >
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >[mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Bob Buddemeier
> >Sent: Saturday, 8 September 2001 4:00 AM
> >To: Jim Hendee
> >Cc: Coral-List
> >Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed?
> >
> >
> >Jim, et al.,
> >
> >Good questions, good points, -- and like it or not, a pretty good if
>disturbing
> >article.
> >
> >On your question about range expansion to compensate for temperature
> increase
> >and inhospitably hot tropics -- there are unfortunately 3 geographic factors
> >that work against that.
> >1. The available shallow water benthic area decreases rather significantly
>as
> >you move to higher latitudes (no atolls, narrower shelves, etc.)
> >2. Light -- see the Kleypas et al analysis -- Kleypas, J.A., McManus, J.W.
>and
> >Menez, L.A.B., 1999. Environmental limits to coral reef development:
> Where do
>we
> >draw the line? American Zoologist, 39(1): 146-159. Maximum reef depth
> shoals
> >dramatically at higher latitudes, even within the thermal mixed layer. This
> >presumably reflects light limitations due to sunangle and day lenght
>variations
> >-- which aren't going to change.
> >3. Carbonate saturation state decrease is squeezing from the high latitude
> >sides -- see the US National Assessment,
> >http://www.cop.noaa.gov/pubs/coastalclimate.PDF, section 4.4.
> >
> >So there is little basis for optimism there.
> >
> >With acknowledgment of the terminological problems, some form of
> >adaptation/acclimatization probably does have real potential to ensure the
> >survival of corals , but not necessarily "reefs as we know them."   The
> Ware
>et
> >al article and its precursor, Buddemeier, R.W. and Fautin, D.G., 1993. Coral
> >Bleaching as an Adaptive Mechanism: A Testable Hypothesis. BioScience, 43:
> >320-326, are looking more solid as experimental tests come in (Kinzie et al
>in
> >Biol. Bull. earlier this year, Baker in Nature more recently), but for some
> >reason this concept has been anathema to some reef cology and conservation
> >types. (see also Buddemeier, R.W., Fautin, D.G. and Ware, J.R., 1997.
> >Acclimation, Adaptation, and Algal Symbiosis in Reef-Building Scleractinian
> >Corals. In: J.C. den Hartog (Editor), Proceedings of the 6th International
> >Conference on Coelenterate Biology (16-21 July 1995, Noordwijkerhout, The
> >Netherlands). National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, pp. 71-76 for a
> >related issue). This may be because it is seen as diminishing the
>seriousness
> >of the bleaching problem, but in my view your position is the more valid --
> >without some mechanistic reason to believe that corals CAN survive, there is
> >very little justification for investing money in research and conservation.
> >
> >This also relates to my tired old hobby horse of the non-reef coral
> habitats
>--
> >I don't think we are getting the real picture, or doing ourselves any
> favors,
>by
> >exclusive concentration on reefs; corals have survived many periods of
> >non-reef-building, and we had better figure out how, why and where.
> >
> >Thanks for bringing this up.
> >
> >Bob Buddemeier
> >
> >
> >Jim Hendee wrote:
> >
> >> Dear Coral Colleagues,
> >>
> >> I know I'll get raked over the coals on this (especially because I don't
> >> have all the literature at my fingertips), but the content and tone of the
> >> news article below is troublesome to me, even though such a tone helps to
> >> gain attention, as well as funding, so that we can more thoroughly study
> >> the problem of coral bleacing and global warming. Of course I respect our
> >> colleague's right to a viewpoint, but when I see this, I can't help but
> >> have these thoughts:
> >>
> >> Such a projection gives no "credit" to adapatation and natural selection,
> >> even though such adaptation would have to occur under a relatively short
> >> time span (50 years). I believe Ware et al (1996), among others, have
> >> addressed this.
> >>
> >> As Dr. Al Strong and I have discussed, and as alluded to but unfortunately
> >> not expanded upon in the last sentence of the article, if the seas are
> >> warming, then you might expect the zoogeography of corals to expand
> >> (relocate?) into the cooler areas, as long as the substrate, circulation,
> >> light and water quality regimes are conducive. (I would imagine some
> >> coral researchers have modeled these possibilities, and I apologize for
> >> not referencing your work.)
> >>
> >> Even though high sea temperatures are the primary cause and indicator of
> >> coral bleaching, that is not the only cause, and no credit is given to the
> >> evidence in the literature (e.g., Lesser 1996, among others) that high UV
> >> is also an agent in coral bleaching. Higher UV, especially in the
> >> tropics, is part of the problem as it relates to the earth's ozone layer.
> >> There is evidence that high sea temperatures that elicited coral bleaching
> >> at some localities in the past did not elicit coral bleaching during
> >> extended cloudy periods (Mumby et al, in press). (Perhaps the cooler areas
> >> mentioned in the above paragraph might also have lower UV?)
> >>
> >> There are other causes of coral bleaching (e.g., see Glynn 1993, 1996) and
> >> this manifestation of stress is complex and to my mind public statements
> >> on coral bleaching should emphasize this.
> >>
> >> Would an annual update to the ITMEMS statement on coral bleaching
> >> (http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/bulls/ITMEMS-bleach.html) be helpful for the
> >> public in this regard? It is my opinion that it would, that we should
> >> address the topics above (among others, e.g., coastal effects), and that
> >> it would behoove us to widely circulate the update among the press as a
> >> consensus opinion (if that is possible!).
> >>
> >> Just my two cents worth...
> >>
> >>         Cheers,
> >>
> >>         Jim Hendee
> >>         NOAA/AOML
> >>         Miami, FL
> >>
> >> Glynn, P. (1993). Coral reef bleaching: ecological perspectives. Coral
> >> Reefs 12, 1-17.
> >>
> >> Glynn, P. (1996). Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and
> >> implications. Global Change Biology 2, 495-509.
> >>
> >> Lesser, M.P. (1996). Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation
> >> cause oxidative stress and inhibit photosynthesis in symbiotic
> >> dinoflagellates. Limnol Oceanogr. 41(2): 271-283.
> >>
> >> Mumby, P.J., Chisholm, J.R.M., Edwards, A.J., Andrefouet, S. & Jaubert, J.
> >> 2001. Cloudy weather may have saved Society Island reef corals during the
> >> 1998 ENSO event. Mar Ecol Prog Ser (in press).
> >>
> >> Ware, J.R., Fautin, D.G., & Buddemeier, R.W. (1996). Patterns of coral
> >> bleaching: modeling the adaptive bleaching hypothesis. Ecological
> >> Modelling 84, 199-214.
> >>
> >> -------- Original Message --------
> >>
> >> World coral reefs to die by 2050, scientist warns
> >> By Ed Cropley, Reuters
> >> Thursday, September 06, 2001
> >>
> >> GLASGOW, Scotland � The world's coral reefs will be dead within 50 years
> >> because of global warming, and there is nothing we can do to save them, a
> >> scientist warned Wednesday.
> >>
> >> "It is hard to avoid the conclusion that most coral in most areas will be
> >> lost," Rupert Ormond, a marine biologist from Glasgow University, told a
> >> science conference. "We are looking at a loss which is equivalent to the
> >> tropical rain forests."
> >>
> >> Only the coral reefs in nontropical regions such as Egypt stand any chance
> >> of lasting beyond 2050, Ormond said, but even the days of the stunning
> >> marine parks of the Red Sea are numbered as sea temperatures continue to
> >> creep up.
> >>
> >> In the past, reefs have suffered from sediment buildup and the
> coral-eating
> >> crown-of-thorns starfish, whose numbers have exploded due to the
> >> over-fishing of their predators.
> >>
> >> Now the main threat to the delicate structures that harbor some of
> nature's
> >> most stunning creations comes from warmer seas, which cause coral
>bleaching.
> >>
> >> Microscopic algae that support the coral polyps cannot live in the warmer
> >> water, and the polyps, the tiny creatures who actually create the reefs,
>die
> >> off within weeks.
> >>
> >> Scientists agree the world's oceans are now warming at a rate of between
>one
> >> and two degrees Celsius every 100 years due to the increased amounts of
> >> greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which trap the sun's rays.
> >>
> >> But even if humans stopped pumping out greenhouse gases such as carbon
> >> dioxide tomorrow in a bid to halt the process, it would still be too
> >> late to
> >> save the reefs, Ormond said. "I don't know what can be done, given that
> >> there's a 50-year time lag between trying to limit carbon dioxide levels
>and
> >> any effect on ocean temperature," he told the conference, held by the
> >> British Association for the Advancement of Science.
> >>
> >> The implications stretch far beyond the death of the colorful coral
> >> structures themselves. The weird and wonderful eels and fish which inhabit
> >> the nooks and crannies will become homeless, and many species will die
> out.
> >> "We are looking at a gradual running down of the whole system. Over time,
> >> the diversity of coral fish will die," Ormond said.
> >>
> >> Humankind will also suffer directly as the dead reefs are eroded and
> >> shorelines that have been protected for the last 10,000 years face the
>wrath
> >> of the oceans without their natural defenses.
> >>
> >> In an age of relatively cheap scuba-diving holidays, this also means many
> >> developing countries in the tropics, such as Kenya or those in the
> >> Caribbean, face losing a major source of revenue.
> >>
> >> The only cause for optimism was that new coral reefs could start to emerge
> >> in colder waters such as the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.
> >>
> >> Copyright 2001 � Reuters
> >>
> >> ~~~~~~~
> >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
> >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
> >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.
> >
> >--
> >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
> >Kansas Geological Survey
> >University of Kansas
> >1930 Constant Avenue
> >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA
> >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112
> >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317
> >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
> >
> >
> >~~~~~~~
> >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
> >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
> >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.
>
>Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
>Senior Scientist, Geohydrology
>Kansas Geological Survey
>University of Kansas
>1930 Constant Avenue
>Lawrence, KS 66047
>USA
>ph (785) 864-2112; fax (785) 864-5317
>email: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
>
>~~~~~~~
>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

--
Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier
Kansas Geological Survey
University of Kansas
1930 Constant Avenue
Lawrence, KS 66047 USA
Ph (1) (785) 864-2112
Fax (1) (785) 864-5317
e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu
--------------2FE0C695EAA40A357393030E-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Sep 26 18:15:43 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA26022; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 18:15:42 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA09800; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 22:13:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009793; Wed, 26 Sep 01 22:12:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKATZY00.44C for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 22:09:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKAUFQ00.R7E; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 22:19:02 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA07082; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 22:19:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9pay0n; Wed, 26 Sep 01 22:19:00 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA13062 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 27 Sep 2001 02:11:41 GMT Received: from c014.sfo.cp.net (c014-h002.c014.sfo.cp.net [209.228.12.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id WAA13114 for ; Wed, 26 Sep 2001 22:11:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: (cpmta 2287 invoked from network); 26 Sep 2001 19:10:47 -0700 Date: 26 Sep 2001 19:10:47 -0700 Message-ID: <20010927021047.2286.cpmta@c014.sfo.cp.net> X-Sent: 27 Sep 2001 02:10:47 GMT Received: from [142.167.34.75] by mail.justice.com with HTTP; 26 Sep 2001 19:10:47 PDT Content-Type: text/plain Content-Disposition: inline Mime-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: coastwatch@acadia.net X-Mailer: Web Mail 3.9.3.5 Subject: Deep sea coral pictures from recent Georges Bank submersible dive X-Sent-From: penbay@justice.com Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 879 Friends - the below link will take you to the website of the Canadian Coral Science Center & Coral Museum, whic is located in Barrington, Nova Scotia. http://cohps.atlantisforce.org/coralcenter.html The Center is an ambitious effort by a number of Nova Scotian offshore hook fishermen who support protection of deep northern coral forests around the flanks ofGeorges Bank and Browns Bank. Fisherman Derek P. Jones, curator of the Coral Museum, is working in conjunction with Professor Martin J.H. Willison of Dalhousie University, Halifax, with the Ecology Action Centre and others to bring public awareness of the importance of the deep ocean corals of the western North Atlantic. - Ron Huber Task Force Atlantis _________________________________________________ FindLaw - Free Case Law, Jobs, Library, Community http://www.FindLaw.com Get your FREE @JUSTICE.COM email! http://mail.Justice.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Sep 27 18:05:39 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA14481; Thu, 27 Sep 2001 18:05:38 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA27002; Thu, 27 Sep 2001 22:03:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(130.113.64.66) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026998; Thu, 27 Sep 01 22:02:37 -0400 Received: from MyHost (empE-port16.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.71]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id WAA26614; Thu, 27 Sep 2001 22:05:39 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <01d701c147c1$cbcc2b20$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "buddrw" , "Coral-List" , "Jim Hendee" References: <3BADCB97@webmail.ku.edu> Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed for sure. Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 22:02:02 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 880 Bob, List-Some comments re the general discussion of changes in alkalinity, dooming of reefs, etc. Some of the following builds on previous postings on this list, and some amounts to a Discussion of the Kleypas et al 1999 Science paper. I was going to write a formal Reply to this, never got around to it... In general, my reservations about some of your positions are based on my belief that there has been insufficient consideration of two of the big Bio's in reef science: bioturbation and bioerosion. In addition, I have reservations about some of the chemical models/assumptions. 1. Bioerosion. The first quantitative work on the importance of bioerosion was published so long ago only me and Hendee were alive. Since then, there have been several large, exhaustive and exhausting studies of this signal process, and they have all come up with the same answer: on "normal" reefs, bioerosion and calcification are in approximate balance. On most fringing reefs, subject to increasing terrestrial nutrient input, therefore, the balance has already been shifted towards destructive processes. I will cite no references here. Knowledge of bioerosion should be an integral part of every reef scientist's knowledge base. In short, looking at corals is way less than half the picture: you should all know this. Unfortunately, this field seems to have fallen off the radar screen in the past few years: in the Amer. Zool. 1999 volume, for example, the word does not appear once. (Stop for a moment, and think of the gaping hole in our understanding that this reflects...) If it weren't for the French, there would be virtually no ongoing research on this process. (Salud, mes amis...et amies.) Any "reef monitoring" program that does not include assessment of bioerosion is a colossal waste of money-and I know of only one that does. Not only does this ignore most of the action-it excludes some prime bioindicators. Any "reef model" that does not include it...it's hard to be polite, here. These models would better be termed "Less-than-half-of-the-reef models." 2. Bioturbation. Again, an exhaustive literature-lagoon and shelf sediments are vertically mixed on a timescale measured in months. Any number of critters involved here, of which the front-runners (in the Cenozoic) would be the thalassinid shrimp. 3. Oceanic/Climate Models. Notwithstanding their protestations to the contrary, I have found modellers to be resistant to data that upset their models, with that resistance being directly proportional to the amount of federal money invested to date. "One major problem with the current generation of GCM's is that the treatment of ocean circulation is still very crude." (Ruddiman, 2001: Earth's Climate). The implications of Smith et al, 1997, are that a meltwater pulse can divert or shut down the Gulf Stream in less than 5 years. To all of you out there: when the oceanic part of GCM's can model this, then start believing them-not before. The strong compartmentalisation of the mixed layer to which Bob refers is metastable, and temporary. 4. The Magnesium Salvation Theory-sort of reads like a cure for constipation, doesn't it? Stick to science, Mike. While I concur with some of what Bob says here, re porosity of reefs and reef sediments, I am not wholly persuaded: -"...high magnesian calcites are dissolved preferentially in these sediments, although the sediment contains a mixture of (all types of carbonates). In deposits composed primarily of red algae, this early diagenetic reaction has resulted in dissolution of 75% of the carbonate." (Morse and Mackenzie, 1990: Geochem of sedimentary carbonates). -"The data indicate that all samples are very close to equilibrium with Mg-calcite....alkalinity shifts relative to sea water indicate that initial precipitation may be followed by gradual dissolution in response to CO2 added..." (Buddemeier and Oberdorfer, 1986). -etc etc. And finally, Bob Halley and his USGS colleagues have done some very nice experimental work, some of which was reported in Bali, showing that, indeed, HMC dissolves. As far as the large inventory of HMC being buried-I think Callianassa and its cohorts have a great deal to say about that. Ain't going to happen. The sediments that reefs will produce in future, moreover, will likely be lower in relative concentration of HMC. The main contributors of HMC are the calcareous algae-CCA. As we eat the grazing fishes, and the urchins die off, and fleshy algae bloom in eutrophied coastal waters-reef seds will likely be higher in organics and lower in HMC. Some other points, perhaps more peripheral: high pH's have been recorded inside coral heads-indeed, pH's at which silicates are very unstable (Risk and Muller, Middle Holocene, Limnol. Oceanogr.-give me a break, I have only unpacked the first of 20 boxes of books). This will triggger dissolution of reactive silicates-in fact, the pH inside corals probably shifts 3-4 full units, making possible all sorts of neat chemistry. Don't forget, the sediments being delivered to the world's coastlines now are very different from pre-agricultural times. Now, we see reactive silicates-andesitic ash from 5-year-old falls, delivered to the coastline by rivers, may be seen hydrating and dissolving under 10-odd cm of carbonate sediments, at several locales in Indoensia. This is not a millenial timescale. So, in short, Kleypas et al: 1. depends on reef models that ignore >50% of the process 2. depends on outmoded oceanic circulation models 3. ignores some fundamental chemical questions. Other than that-we have to admit that it was an important paper, because it has stimulated a great deal of discussion. From that standpoint, congratulations to the authors. (Most of my papers disappear as neatly and as quickly-and as deeply- as Olympic springboard divers.) My main concern with that paper is that it may have diverted intellectual and financial resources from more pressing problems. Sure, changes in saturation state will eventually affect....what? What will be left, in say 100 years? pH changes in the ocean, in my opinion, don't make the Top Twenty Reef Threats. The rate of present destruction from land-based sources and overfishing simply dwarfs everything else. But we have three predictions running, now: I say (something like) "reefs, as some of us knew them, will be gone from most coastlines by 2020." Rupert Ormond says 50 years. Kleypas et al say a century. I hope to God they are right-but I don't think so. In fact, the reason I felt able to make that dire duo-decadal forecast is: it's already come true. I hesitate to enter the discussion about ABH-not because of ignorance (that has not worked in the past), but because Ove's doing a pretty good job stirring this pot. It seems to me that there might be some help, again, in the fossil record. One would assume that corals would adapt to rising temperatures (perhaps better than falling ones?). I am afraid, however, that my knowledge of the record isn't good enough, nor are the temperature data. Sea-surface temperatures are believed to have gone well above 30 in the Mid-Cretaceous, and mid-Cretaceous "reefs" (piles of rudists, really) are very low in corals...but this is far from conclusive. Perhaps one could look more closely at rudists, which had zooxanthellae, same as does Tridacna...corals, of course, have had zoox since the Paleozoic (Risk et al, Early Holocene, same excuse). The other problem with the record is the paleotemperatures. Planktonic forams give excellent results, for the open ocean. We really need shelf data-but many reports in the literature of paleotemperatures from benthic shelf critters are just not dependable. The problem is, the six people in the world who really understand KIE don't publish enough, and those that don't, publish too much. So this remains an open, and intriguing, question. On another note: I have to apologise to the List for exposing some of my personal affairs. That was forgivable only given my state of mind at the time. Nonetheless, several people whom I had never met sent condolences and best wishes! So-thank you, and it will never happen again. She has gone from liquid food-IV drip, to liquid food-juices, to solid food-mushy stuff, to liquid food-gin and tonics. So recovery is well under way. Mike From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Sep 28 08:54:38 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA24802; Fri, 28 Sep 2001 08:54:37 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA06523; Fri, 28 Sep 2001 12:52:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(129.237.140.191) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006508; Fri, 28 Sep 01 12:52:05 -0400 Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 414; Fri, 28 Sep 2001 11:57:14 -0500 Message-ID: <3BB4AB86.CE5C8BB8@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Fri, 28 Sep 2001 11:55:34 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Mike Risk CC: Coral-List , Jim Hendee Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed for sure. References: <3BADCB97@webmail.ku.edu> <01d701c147c1$cbcc2b20$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 881 Mike, Thanks very much -- you raise good points for discussion, and I think this is an area where real (as opposed to definitional) debate can and should be developed. You obviously feel about bioturbation and bioerosion much as I do about pore-water dynamics -- and clearly the two have to meet up somewhere at the budgetary scale. So, let's see if we can get there. But first, to aid in the determining just what the topic/discussion thread is -- you addressed issues related to my point #3 (heavily) and #2 (somewhat). However, if my point #1 is not in contention, then this is probably a new start and not part of the "are reefs doomed" thread -- that point stated that due to the solubility products/saturation indices of the various carbonate minerals, in combination with the observed effects of reduced saturation state on coral-algal calcification and the projected/modelled saturation state changes, the question of whether or not high-Mg calcite buffered the surface ocean would be moot, because any such buffering would be at a saturation state below that which would produce the projected calcification effects over the next century. So -- do you buy off on that? Or does anyone else in the audience have doubts/comments on that? That's probably the first point to dispose of; if that's not an issue we can move on to the sediment biogeochemstry questions as a separate topic. Bob Buddemeier Mike Risk wrote: > Bob, List-Some comments re the general discussion of changes in alkalinity, > dooming of reefs, etc. > > Some of the following builds on previous postings on this list, and some > amounts to a Discussion of the Kleypas et al 1999 Science paper. I was going > to write a formal Reply to this, never got around to it... > > In general, my reservations about some of your positions are based on my > belief that there has been insufficient consideration of two of the big > Bio's in reef science: bioturbation and bioerosion. In addition, I have > reservations about some of the chemical models/assumptions. > > 1. Bioerosion. The first quantitative work on the importance of bioerosion > was published so long ago only me and Hendee were alive. Since then, there > have been several large, exhaustive and exhausting studies of this signal > process, and they have all come up with the same answer: on "normal" reefs, > bioerosion and calcification are in approximate balance. On most fringing > reefs, subject to increasing terrestrial nutrient input, therefore, the > balance has already been shifted towards destructive processes. I will cite > no references here. Knowledge of bioerosion should be an integral part of > every reef scientist's knowledge base. In short, looking at corals is way > less than half the picture: you should all know this. > > Unfortunately, this field seems to have fallen off the radar screen in the > past few years: in the Amer. Zool. 1999 volume, for example, the word does > not appear once. (Stop for a moment, and think of the gaping hole in our > understanding that this reflects...) If it weren't for the French, there > would be virtually no ongoing research on this process. (Salud, mes > amis...et amies.) Any "reef monitoring" program that does not include > assessment of bioerosion is a colossal waste of money-and I know of only one > that does. Not only does this ignore most of the action-it excludes some > prime bioindicators. > > Any "reef model" that does not include it...it's hard to be polite, here. > These models would better be termed "Less-than-half-of-the-reef models." > > 2. Bioturbation. Again, an exhaustive literature-lagoon and shelf sediments > are vertically mixed on a timescale measured in months. Any number of > critters involved here, of which the front-runners (in the Cenozoic) would > be the thalassinid shrimp. > > 3. Oceanic/Climate Models. Notwithstanding their protestations to the > contrary, I have found modellers to be resistant to data that upset their > models, with that resistance being directly proportional to the amount of > federal money invested to date. "One major problem with the current > generation of GCM's is that the treatment of ocean circulation is still very > crude." (Ruddiman, 2001: Earth's Climate). > > The implications of Smith et al, 1997, are that a meltwater pulse can divert > or shut down the Gulf Stream in less than 5 years. To all of you out there: > when the oceanic part of GCM's can model this, then start believing them-not > before. The strong compartmentalisation of the mixed layer to which Bob > refers is metastable, and temporary. > > 4. The Magnesium Salvation Theory-sort of reads like a cure for > constipation, doesn't it? Stick to science, Mike. > > While I concur with some of what Bob says here, re porosity of reefs and > reef sediments, I am not wholly persuaded: > -"...high magnesian calcites are dissolved preferentially in these > sediments, although the sediment contains a mixture of (all types of > carbonates). In deposits composed primarily of red algae, this early > diagenetic reaction has resulted in dissolution of 75% of the carbonate." > (Morse and Mackenzie, 1990: Geochem of sedimentary carbonates). > -"The data indicate that all samples are very close to equilibrium with > Mg-calcite....alkalinity shifts relative to sea water indicate that initial > precipitation may be followed by gradual dissolution in response to CO2 > added..." (Buddemeier and Oberdorfer, 1986). > -etc etc. And finally, Bob Halley and his USGS colleagues have done some > very nice experimental work, some of which was reported in Bali, showing > that, indeed, HMC dissolves. > > As far as the large inventory of HMC being buried-I think Callianassa and > its cohorts have a great deal to say about that. Ain't going to happen. The > sediments that reefs will produce in future, moreover, will likely be lower > in relative concentration of HMC. The main contributors of HMC are the > calcareous algae-CCA. As we eat the grazing fishes, and the urchins die off, > and fleshy algae bloom in eutrophied coastal waters-reef seds will likely be > higher in organics and lower in HMC. > > Some other points, perhaps more peripheral: high pH's have been recorded > inside coral heads-indeed, pH's at which silicates are very unstable (Risk > and Muller, Middle Holocene, Limnol. Oceanogr.-give me a break, I have only > unpacked the first of 20 boxes of books). This will triggger dissolution of > reactive silicates-in fact, the pH inside corals probably shifts 3-4 full > units, making possible all sorts of neat chemistry. Don't forget, the > sediments being delivered to the world's coastlines now are very different > from pre-agricultural times. Now, we see reactive silicates-andesitic ash > from 5-year-old falls, delivered to the coastline by rivers, may be seen > hydrating and dissolving under 10-odd cm of carbonate sediments, at several > locales in Indoensia. This is not a millenial timescale. > > So, in short, Kleypas et al: > 1. depends on reef models that ignore >50% of the process > 2. depends on outmoded oceanic circulation models > 3. ignores some fundamental chemical questions. > > Other than that-we have to admit that it was an important paper, because it > has stimulated a great deal of discussion. From that standpoint, > congratulations to the authors. (Most of my papers disappear as neatly and > as quickly-and as deeply- as Olympic springboard divers.) > > My main concern with that paper is that it may have diverted intellectual > and financial resources from more pressing problems. Sure, changes in > saturation state will eventually affect....what? What will be left, in say > 100 years? pH changes in the ocean, in my opinion, don't make the Top Twenty > Reef Threats. The rate of present destruction from land-based sources and > overfishing simply dwarfs everything else. > > But we have three predictions running, now: I say (something like) "reefs, > as some of us knew them, will be gone from most coastlines by 2020." Rupert > Ormond says 50 years. Kleypas et al say a century. I hope to God they are > right-but I don't think so. In fact, the reason I felt able to make that > dire duo-decadal forecast is: it's already come true. > > I hesitate to enter the discussion about ABH-not because of ignorance (that > has not worked in the past), but because Ove's doing a pretty good job > stirring this pot. It seems to me that there might be some help, again, in > the fossil record. One would assume that corals would adapt to rising > temperatures (perhaps better than falling ones?). I am afraid, however, that > my knowledge of the record isn't good enough, nor are the temperature data. > Sea-surface temperatures are believed to have gone well above 30 in the > Mid-Cretaceous, and mid-Cretaceous "reefs" (piles of rudists, really) are > very low in corals...but this is far from conclusive. Perhaps one could look > more closely at rudists, which had zooxanthellae, same as does > Tridacna...corals, of course, have had zoox since the Paleozoic (Risk et al, > Early Holocene, same excuse). > > The other problem with the record is the paleotemperatures. Planktonic > forams give excellent results, for the open ocean. We really need shelf > data-but many reports in the literature of paleotemperatures from benthic > shelf critters are just not dependable. The problem is, the six people in > the world who really understand KIE don't publish enough, and those that > don't, publish too much. So this remains an open, and intriguing, question. > > On another note: I have to apologise to the List for exposing some of my > personal affairs. That was forgivable only given my state of mind at the > time. Nonetheless, several people whom I had never met sent condolences and > best wishes! So-thank you, and it will never happen again. > > She has gone from > liquid food-IV drip, to > liquid food-juices, to > solid food-mushy stuff, to > liquid food-gin and tonics. So recovery is well under way. > > Mike > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Sep 30 05:29:26 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA00512; Sun, 30 Sep 2001 05:29:25 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA21256; Sun, 30 Sep 2001 09:27:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021252; Sun, 30 Sep 01 09:26:49 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKH97G00.0AH for ; Sun, 30 Sep 2001 09:23:40 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKH9NA00.TDU; Sun, 30 Sep 2001 09:33:10 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA28130; Sun, 30 Sep 2001 09:33:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_Rai82; Sun, 30 Sep 01 09:33:09 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA05989 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 30 Sep 2001 13:17:06 GMT Message-Id: <200109301317.NAA05989@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 12:40:01 From: Qamar Schuyler To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: For inclusion on the coral list Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 882 � Coral list members, Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov I graduated in 1997 with an undergraduate degree in Aquatic Biology from St. Mary's College of Maryland. I then spent two years living on a research vessel in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, coordinating volunteer research on coral reef health and vitality. During that time I witnessed a number of different human-induced stresses on reefs, including cyanide fishing, blast fishing, deforestation and runoff, and overfishing. Although my background is in formal biological research, I have become equally as interested in the social and cultural aspects of resource management, including incorporating traditional knowlege into management decisions. I would like to work on marine conservation issues with local communities in southeast asia and the pacific. I am currently enrolled in a M.S. in Environmental Studies Program at the College of Charleston, but I am looking for graduate programs that combine courses in marine ecology and conservation (most specifically coral reef ecology) with courses and/or research in cultural issues, traditional knowledge, and how these subjects relate to marine conservation and management.� I was wondering if any of the institutions you are affiliated with might offer such a program, or if you know of another institution that would. Thank you so much for your time and consideration, Qamar Schuyler ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 03:59:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA10109; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 03:59:58 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA27390; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:57:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027371; Mon, 1 Oct 01 07:57:33 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKIZQN00.MB7 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:54:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ06I00.QO3; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:03:54 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA01870; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:03:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAY9aiPd; Mon, 1 Oct 01 08:03:53 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA08072 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:53:06 GMT Received: from mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (mailsrv2.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.87.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA08027 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:52:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [134.106.175.35] (tupper.biologie.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.175.35]) by mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (8.11.1/8.11.3/20.02.2001) with ESMTP id f91BleY31932 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:47:40 +0200 X-Sender: 6396460@mail.uni-oldenburg.de Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <01d701c147c1$cbcc2b20$3c8dfea9@MyHost> References: <3BADCB97@webmail.ku.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:45:42 +0200 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "christine.schoenberg" Subject: coral reefs - calcification and bioerosion X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id HAA08022 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id LAA08072 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 883 Dear list, just a few comments on Mike Risk's latest letter, from a bioeroding spong= e worker's point of view: >they have all come up with the same answer: on "normal" reefs, >bioerosion and calcification are in approximate balance. On most fringin= g >reefs, subject to increasing terrestrial nutrient input, therefore, the >balance has already been shifted towards destructive processes. This matches my own experiences when working on the Central Great Barrier Reef, where the balance may still be better than most other places. We still need to keep an eye on it though. The common sponge Cliona orientalis reacts to elevated nutrient condition= s. _Extreme_ situations may have negative effects, however, so that the sponge's growth is slowed. Bioerosion of this sponge appears to be enhanc= ed by a higher concentration of nutrients. This is a sponge, which is just everywhere on Australian (and other Pacific) inshore reefs, which grows over large surfaces, several m in diameter and which is able to invade li= ve coral. Another thing I would like to mention: this sponge also contains zooxanthellae, as do some other successful, competitive bioeroding sponge= s. Cliona orientalis bleaches under extreme conditions (evidence from the aquarium), but during the 97/98 bleaching on the GBR all sponge colonies = I knew survived just nicely (in contrast to most corals on my sample site). Revisiting my site at Orpheus Island end of 2000 showed me a reef much reduced in live coral cover and coral diversity, but the bioeroding spong= es did very well and seemed much increased in their abundance (no quantification done). Just some food for thought... Cheers, Christine Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology Fachbereich 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg 26111 OLDENBURG GERMANY ph +49-441-7983373 fax +49-441-7983162 email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 05:33:50 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA12236; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 05:33:50 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA29336; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 09:31:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029329; Mon, 1 Oct 01 09:31:25 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ43300.1CM for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 09:28:15 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ4EL00.3EB; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 06:35:09 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA06017; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 06:35:08 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA8AaGVl; Mon, 1 Oct 01 06:35:07 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA08278 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:25:56 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.wwb.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA08243 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 09:25:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ3YS00.T7Y; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 09:25:40 -0400 Message-ID: <3BB86ED9.2D0C5989@noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2001 09:25:45 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-list , Ingrid Guch , "Dr. Marguerite Toscano" , Jill Meyer , Sapna Batish , Gang Liu Subject: New Bleaching Report Listing Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------B579D9E0EFDDF7F82F7CEE23" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 884 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------B579D9E0EFDDF7F82F7CEE23 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Coral Reef Watch posts new Bleaching Report list: http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/sub/bleaching_report_index.html The above URL takes you to our new composite Table, listing reports we have received from the field. We hope this provides a useful service (your comments are sought). At the moment we are watching this year's warm water pulse move into the northeastern Caribbean. These high SSTs peaked quickly over the Bahamas last week exiting via Turks Caicos to the south and now can be seen in the Virgin Islands and northern Antilles. On Saturday our satellite SSTs revealed that waters around St. Croix and St. John had inched to within 0.1 deg C of the bleaching "threshold": http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_news.html If brisk (15-25knots - this morning) winds continue any bleaching would hopefully be light. (http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/icg/virg0wind.htm) Cheers, Al NOAA's Coral Reef Watch Project -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------B579D9E0EFDDF7F82F7CEE23 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------B579D9E0EFDDF7F82F7CEE23-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 06:41:36 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA14178; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 06:41:36 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA01397; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 10:39:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001376; Mon, 1 Oct 01 10:38:49 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ77F00.OBM for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 10:35:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ7IW00.3GP; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:42:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA16488; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:42:31 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVIailG; Mon, 1 Oct 01 07:42:31 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA08500 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 14:37:07 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA08510 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 10:36:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 367; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 09:38:35 -0500 Message-ID: <3BB87F78.D56850A7@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2001 09:36:40 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "christine.schoenberg" CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: coral reefs - calcification and bioerosion References: <3BADCB97@webmail.ku.edu> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA08500 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 885 All, Christine's comment raises some points that relate back to Mike's comment= s and the whole issue of CO2 and carbonate balance. It is important to disting= uish between net and gross bioerosion and among the various functional compone= nts of bioerosion -- 1. chemical erosion, which returns solid carbonate to dissolved inorganic carbon and is the only kind that is directly involved in CO2 and acid-bas= e considerations; and, 2. mechanical/physical erosion, which reduces the integrity and grain siz= e of solid features (of greatest concern, reef plates and lithified substrate)= , and which can have two different outcomes: a. change in the structure, relief, and distribution of grain sizes on t= he reef itself; or b. loss of carbonate material from whatever we choose to define as the re= ef system. The two forms are related -- a minor amount of chemical erosion can preci= pitate physical breakup on a much larger scale, and smaller grains resulting fro= m mechanical (bio)erosion have a higher surface-to-mass ratio that facilita= ties dissolution, especially in porewater environments. I assume that discussions of the balance between production and bioerosio= n are referring to a gross balance that includes all forms of bioerosion -- if = not, straighten me out on the conventions in the field, please. Note that I'm using 'grain' in the geographic sense of granularity, not i= n the colloquial sense of 'something small.' All of these, plus the related issue of import of carbonate from elsewher= e to a specific reef system, are aqddressed in conceptual models presented by Kl= eypas, J.A., Buddemeier, R.W. and Gattuso, J.-P., 2001. Defining 'coral reef' fo= r the age of global change. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 90: 426-43= 7. I hope this clears up the point Mike addressed about carbonate models tha= t do or do not include bioerosion. A carbonate budget model of a reef system = has to include bioerosion, but a calcium carbonate production or calcification m= odel addresses the gross input to that system. The CO2-caclification models a= re production models, not total budget models, which require local/regional = inpout and calibration, as suggested in the reference given above. Bob Buddemeier "christine.schoenberg" wrote: > Dear list, > > just a few comments on Mike Risk's latest letter, from a bioeroding spo= nge > worker's point of view: > > >they have all come up with the same answer: on "normal" reefs, > >bioerosion and calcification are in approximate balance. On most fring= ing > >reefs, subject to increasing terrestrial nutrient input, therefore, th= e > >balance has already been shifted towards destructive processes. > > This matches my own experiences when working on the Central Great Barri= er > Reef, where the balance may still be better than most other places. We > still need to keep an eye on it though. > > The common sponge Cliona orientalis reacts to elevated nutrient conditi= ons. > _Extreme_ situations may have negative effects, however, so that the > sponge's growth is slowed. Bioerosion of this sponge appears to be enha= nced > by a higher concentration of nutrients. This is a sponge, which is just > everywhere on Australian (and other Pacific) inshore reefs, which grows > over large surfaces, several m in diameter and which is able to invade = live > coral. > > Another thing I would like to mention: this sponge also contains > zooxanthellae, as do some other successful, competitive bioeroding spon= ges. > Cliona orientalis bleaches under extreme conditions (evidence from the > aquarium), but during the 97/98 bleaching on the GBR all sponge colonie= s I > knew survived just nicely (in contrast to most corals on my sample site= ). > Revisiting my site at Orpheus Island end of 2000 showed me a reef much > reduced in live coral cover and coral diversity, but the bioeroding spo= nges > did very well and seemed much increased in their abundance (no > quantification done). > > Just some food for thought... > > Cheers, Christine > > Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD > Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology > Fachbereich 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences > Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg > 26111 OLDENBURG > GERMANY > ph +49-441-7983373 > fax +49-441-7983162 > email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de > internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 07:41:28 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA16067; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:41:26 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA03375; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:39:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003347; Mon, 1 Oct 01 11:38:38 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJ9Z400.0BY for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:35:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJAAM00.D1N; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:42:22 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA25684; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:42:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAI8aGjY; Mon, 1 Oct 01 08:42:20 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA09000 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:39:15 GMT Message-Id: <200110011539.PAA09000@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 14:00:30 -0400 From: Trish Hunt To: Coral-List Subject: A Touching Video Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 886 I know the Coral List isn�t an outlet for current events unrelated to the natural sciences, but I was deeply moved by the citizens of other nations that post to this list. The posts of condolences for those touched by the recent events on the USA, the world in fact, have motivated me to pass along this link for a very touching video. A very thoughtful and talented individual from somewhere on our earth has apparently worked very hard to put something together that voices the gratitude and deep appreciation that, not only I, but our country as a whole, is feeling towards the rest of the world right now. Despite the disagreements and politically correct debating that takes place on this list server, I have come to know the people that post here as thoughtful, considerate, and very helpful people from all over. I never in my imagination thought I would have long conversations with people from Fiji, India, Australia, and South America. With so many people reading these posts from all over the world every day, I could think of no better place to pass this link along since the video is directed mostly to those of other nations that have stood by our sides through this tragedy. Please take into consideration that citizens of other nations were lost in these tragedies also, and there hasn�t been much word of this. If the video offends anyone or someone feels I shouldn�t have put it here, I do apologize; but as I said, when you are wanting to get a word of thanks to people from all over the world, I could think of no where else to go. Rest assured, I am not the type of person that �spams� people to death with forwards so please know that I won�t post anything else like this again. I was moved to say thank you in my own little way, to the people I may one day call colleagues. Thank you for your understanding. Sincerely, Patricia Hunt http://www.auburn.edu/~peckrob/wtc_tribute.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 07:58:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA16422; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 07:58:30 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA03665; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:56:12 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003645; Mon, 1 Oct 01 11:56:06 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJAS800.7CL for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:52:56 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJB3P00.62G; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:59:49 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA28156; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:59:48 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAzQa4_2; Mon, 1 Oct 01 08:59:48 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA09111 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:57:38 GMT Received: from smtp10.atl.mindspring.net (smtp10.atl.mindspring.net [207.69.200.246]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA09110 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:57:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from valuedcu (pool-63.49.206.149.troy.grid.net [63.49.206.149]) by smtp10.atl.mindspring.net (8.9.3/8.8.5) with SMTP id LAA07783 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:57:12 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <3BB89216.CF@rainforestandreef.org> Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2001 11:56:07 -0400 From: Mike Nolan Reply-To: mnolan@rainforestandreef.org Organization: Rainforest and Reef 501(c)(3) non-profit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Galapagos Field Course for Educators w/optional Rainforest Extension Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA09111 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 887 LENGTH: 10 Days/9 Nights DATES 2002: Jul 4-Jul 13 FIELD COURSE LEADER: Stam Zervanos, Ph.D. of Penn State University. Dr. Zervanos has taught courses in biodiversity, ecology, evolution,=20 comparative animal and mammalian physiology at Penn State. His research has focused on physiological ecology, with an emphasis on thermoregulation, hibernation and biological rhythms in such diverse habitats as the deserts of Arizona, tundra of Alaska, coastal islands of the eastern U.S. and rainforests of South America. Dr. Zervanos is the author of over 25 research publications and has led groups to Galapagos and Ecuador=92s upper Amazon basin; Alaska; Australia and Tanzania. He ca= n be reached by e-mail: smz1@psu.edu or office phone: 610-396-6166. =20 3 GRADUATE or UNDERGRADUATE CREDITS AVAILABLE for ATTENDING: Contact Tim Bennett, Aquinas College, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Phone: 616-459-8281x5469. COST: 2650.00US per person. Based on 15 full-paying participants and double occupancy. =20 Includes: Round-trip International airfare Miami-Quito, Ecuador-Miami; Round-trip Domestic airfare Quito-Baltra, Galapagos-Quito; all instruction and Guide services; meals and lodging as stated in the itinerary; all ground, water and air transportation within Ecuador. =20 Does Not Include: Galapagos National Park tax (100.00US per person); International airport departure tax (25.00US per person); gratuities and personal items. REGISTRATION: A 300.00 personal check, money order or cashiers check should be sent to Rainforest and Reef (address below). 150.00 is refundable up to 90 days prior to departure.=20 AIRFARE: Round-trip reservations have been made Miami-Quito-Miami for the group. Please contact Rainforest and Reef for details. Sincerely, Mike Nolan ********************************************************************* Rainforest and Reef 501 (c)(3) non-profit 29 Prospect NE Suite #8 Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 USA Phone/Fax: 616-776-5928/Toll Free: 877-769-3086 Cell Phone: 616-813-9308 E-mail: mnolan@rainforestandreef.org=20 Web: http://www.rainforestandreef.org=20 "Outstanding-Affordable Field Courses in Rainforest & Marine Ecology" ********************************************************************* ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 09:53:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA18946; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 09:53:22 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA06406; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:51:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006391; Mon, 1 Oct 01 13:50:05 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJG2700.7CZ for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:46:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJGI200.86K; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:56:26 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA06304; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:56:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAs8a4sm; Mon, 1 Oct 01 13:56:25 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA09375 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 17:52:04 GMT Received: from alpha.flmnh.ufl.edu (flmnh.ufl.edu [128.227.186.130]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA09394 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:51:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MALACOLOGY-GP (MALACOLOGY-GP [10.227.186.12]) by alpha.flmnh.ufl.edu (NTMail 6.04.0010/NT0398.00.b558447a) with ESMTP id xjwteaaa for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:44:37 -0400 Message-ID: <000d01c14aa1$bc2efa70$0cbae30a@flmnh.ufl.edu> From: "Gustav Paulay" To: Subject: Position in Ecosystem Conservation Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:51:45 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000A_01C14A80.35189F80" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 888 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000A_01C14A80.35189F80 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable THE KATHARINE ORDWAY CHAIR OF ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION The University of Florida invites applications for the Katharine Ordway = Chair of Ecosystem Conservation in the Florida Museum of Natural = History. The Ordway Chair carries with it an Eminent Scholar = Professorship and Curatorship. A substantial endowment supports the = Chair, providing operating and technical support. The successful = candidate will be an experienced scholar of international reputation who = will work with faculty and students to develop a broad world-class = program of ecological research that complements the existing = biodiversity and conservation programs of the Florida Museum of Natural = History and the University of Florida. Applicants should send a letter = of interest and curriculum vitae, along with names and contact data for = five references, by December 1, 2001 to: Dr. S. David Webb, Ordway Search Chair Florida Museum of Natural History PO Box 117800 (Museum Road) University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611-7800 (352) 392-1721 FAX (352) 392-8783 ------=_NextPart_000_000A_01C14A80.35189F80 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

THE KATHARINE ORDWAY CHAIR OF ECOSYSTEM = CONSERVATION

The University of Florida invites applications for = the=20 Katharine Ordway Chair of Ecosystem Conservation in the Florida Museum = of=20 Natural History. The Ordway Chair carries with it an Eminent Scholar=20 Professorship and Curatorship. A substantial endowment supports the = Chair,=20 providing operating and technical support. The successful candidate will = be an=20 experienced scholar of international reputation who will work with = faculty and=20 students to develop a broad world-class program of ecological research = that=20 complements the existing biodiversity and conservation programs of the = Florida=20 Museum of Natural History and the University of Florida. Applicants = should send=20 a letter of interest and curriculum vitae, along with names and contact = data for=20 five references, by December 1, 2001 to:

Dr. S. David Webb, Ordway Search Chair

Florida Museum of Natural History

PO Box 117800 (Museum Road)

University of Florida

Gainesville, FL 32611-7800

(352) 392-1721 FAX (352)=20 392-8783

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01C14A80.35189F80-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 11:07:58 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA20833; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 11:07:58 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA08424; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:05:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008405; Mon, 1 Oct 01 15:04:52 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJJIQ00.8C6 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:01:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJJU800.O8F; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 12:08:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA26970; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 12:08:31 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAB8aOP0; Mon, 1 Oct 01 12:08:30 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA09555 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 19:05:17 GMT Received: from mailbu.cc.uga.edu (malibu.cc.uga.edu [128.192.1.103]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA09553 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:04:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from archa9.cc.uga.edu (arch9.cc.uga.edu) by mailbu.cc.uga.edu (LSMTP for Windows NT v1.1b) with SMTP id <2.002FFDDC@mailbu.cc.uga.edu>; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:04:44 -0400 Received: from CORALS (jpoptiplex071.ecology.uga.edu [128.192.18.71]) by archa9.cc.uga.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id NAA120334 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:08:26 -0400 Message-ID: <011001c14a9b$d122a720$4712c080@ecology.uga.edu> From: "James W. Porter" To: Subject: Are coral reefs doomed? // Land based sources of pollution. Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:09:22 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_010D_01C14A7A.49EC6820" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 889 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_010D_01C14A7A.49EC6820 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I still have reprints of my Academic Press review on this subject: = Porter, J.W., and J.I. Tougas. 2001. Reef ecosystems: Threats to their = biodiversity. Encyclop. Biodiver. 5:73-95. Please e-mail me if you would like a free reprint. Include your full = mailing address. I will send out reprints as long as the supply lasts. Sincerely,=20 Jim Porter ------=_NextPart_000_010D_01C14A7A.49EC6820 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I still have = reprints of my=20 Academic Press review on this subject: Porter, J.W., and J.I. = Tougas. 2001. Reef ecosystems: Threats to = their=20 biodiversity. Encyclop. = Biodiver.=20 5:73-95.

Please e-mail me if = you would like=20 a free reprint. Include = your full=20 mailing address. I will = send out=20 reprints as long as the supply lasts.

Sincerely,

Jim Porter

------=_NextPart_000_010D_01C14A7A.49EC6820-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 12:39:22 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA22285; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 12:39:21 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA09987; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 16:37:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009976; Mon, 1 Oct 01 16:36:20 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJNRA00.ODD for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 16:33:10 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJO7200.S2P; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 16:42:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA26690; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:33:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAADVaGh0; Mon, 1 Oct 01 15:33:41 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA09550 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 19:28:36 GMT Received: from madasafish.com ([217.32.175.23]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA09605 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 15:28:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from lisabrowning ([62.7.154.177]) by madasafish.com ; Mon, 01 Oct 2001 20:23:18 -0100 Message-ID: <00f601c14aaf$ee370540$7e40fea9@lisabrowning> From: "Lisa Browning" To: Subject: Reef Conservation UK Meeting & Workshops Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2001 20:12:19 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 890 The annual Reef Conservation UK meeting is fast approaching. Submissions for poster or oral presentations are still being accepted, but spaces are limited so please send your abstract as soon as possible so as not to be disappointed. See the website listed below for further details. As in previous years the meeting will be held at Zoological Society of London.The date of this year's meeting is 8th December 2001. This year there will also be two Sunday workshops (note that registration for each workshop is a separate fee from that of the meeting registration): Workshop 1: 'Reefs R Us: Marine awareness work with children'. 10am-1pm, Sun 9th December 2001 Participants in this half-day workshop will: - explore the fundamentals of marine awareness and education. - experiment with an extensive range of 'tried and tested' games and activities for children. - work in groups to devise new activities and resources. Further information and registration forms (Education_workshop.doc) can be downloaded from the website listed below Workshop 2: 'Practical coral husbandry ex-situ' Topics for discussion include: Coral TAG (technical advisory group), coral propagation using fragmentation, transport of coral larvae for the aquarium environment. More details will follow but those interested should let us know as soon as possible. It is very important that you register before the meeting so that we can make appropriate arrangements for the catering and the evening reception. So please send in your details immediately. Please circulate this notice to colleagues and friends whom you think would be interested. The meeting details and registration forms can be downloaded from the following web site. http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/files/IYOR-UK/ The RCUK meeting has been well attended in the past with over 100 participants each year who are UK based and involved with coral reefs in some capacity. Come and find out what others are doing related to coral reefs in the UK. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 1 16:24:21 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA24846; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 16:24:21 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA13258; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 20:22:04 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013251; Mon, 1 Oct 01 20:21:49 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJY7300.BD2 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 20:18:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKJYMZ00.J80; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 20:28:11 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA05885; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 20:28:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAqAaGFl; Mon, 1 Oct 01 20:28:10 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA10019 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 00:21:08 GMT Received: from aims.gov.au (purple.aims.gov.au [138.7.104.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA10004 for ; Mon, 1 Oct 2001 20:20:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: by aims.gov.au; id KAA16194; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 10:17:50 +1000 (EST) Received: from int-mail.aims.gov.au(138.7.32.14) by purple.aims.gov.au via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA04aiOF; Tue, 2 Oct 01 10:17:49 +1000 Received: from Katharina2 (ppp-21.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.21]) by conch.aims.gov.au (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA26942 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 10:20:33 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: kfabrici@email.aims.gov.au X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2001 10:24:15 +1000 To: From: Katharina Fabricius Subject: Are coral reefs doomed? // Land based sources of pollution Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id UAA10033 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id AAA10019 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 891 Another, recently published study from the Indo-Pacific province, in whic= h we looked at the effects of increasing turbidity on biodiversity: Fabricius KE & De'ath G (2001) Biodiversity on the Great Barrier Reef: Large-scale patterns and turbidity-related local loss of soft coral taxa. Pp 127 - 144 in: Wolanski E (ed) Oceanographic processes of coral reefs: physical and biological links in the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Press, Londo= n. The article is best to be read in the original book which contains a CD with the colour images and animations of processes. In our chapter, we present a spatial model of increasing turbidtiy (originating from a single-point-discharge), related to decreasing biodiversity. However I'm happy to send out free reprints in paper form (black & white print) or electronically (colour). Abstract:=20 Spatial patterns and abiotic controls of soft coral biodiversity were determined from an extensive reef surveys on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Taxonomic inventories of soft corals, and estimates of cover of the major benthos forms and of the physical environment, were obtained from 161 reefs, spread relatively evenly along and across the whole GBR. Reefs on the mid-shelf between latitude 13=B0 and 16=B0 represented the "hotspot" = of taxonomic richness in soft corals on the GBR. Overlapping distributions o= f in-shore and off-shore taxa maximised richness on mid-shelf reefs. Taxonomic richness decreased with increasing latitude, and was low and relatively even across the shelf south of 21=B0 lat. Soft coral richness = was strongly depressed in areas of high turbidity. It was also weakly positively related to the amount of sediment deposited, and strongly increased with depth. Total cover of hard corals and soft corals was poor= ly explained by physical and spatial variables, however both varied with dep= th.=20 The findings presented here have three major management implications: (1) Turbidity and sedimentation affect the generic richness of soft corals. Reefs with highest soft coral richness are < 20 km from the coast, well within the range of terrestrial run-off, and hence a loss of biodiversity could result if turbidity increases due to land use practices which generate soil loss; (2) Taxonomic composition is more strongly related to environmental conditions than total hard and soft coral cover. Taxonomic inventories are thus better indicators of environmental conditions and human impacts than are assessments of total cover. (3) Richness and cover change more within a single site between 0 and 18 m depth, than between reefs hundreds of kilometers apart along the shelf at the same depth. Valuable additional information can be gained in a cost-efficient way if monitoring and survey programs covered several depth zones rather than a single depth. Regards, Katharina Fabricius <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//> Dr. Katharina Fabricius Research Scientist Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au http://www.aims.gov.au http://www.reef.crc.org.au ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 2 04:37:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA01070; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 04:37:23 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA18572; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:35:05 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018564; Tue, 2 Oct 01 08:34:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKKW4J00.QCW for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:31:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKKWKG00.BIS; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:41:04 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA26335; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:41:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApaa4AZ; Tue, 2 Oct 01 08:41:03 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA11218 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 12:32:06 GMT Message-Id: <200110021232.MAA11218@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2001 12:43:47 +0700 From: "Ivan N. Marin" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Thanks for help Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 892 Dear Coral-lers, I very thankfull to all of You who help me with Dr. Glynn' papers. Dr. Glynn have received my request to and answered. He can help me, but if it will be impossible to find any papers, can I ask you at once? I very, very thankfull to all. Good luck. Sincerely Yours, Marin Ivan P.S. I wanted to send a message personally, but have a some problems with E-mail. I am sorry. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 2 07:07:32 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA04624; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 07:07:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA22006; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:05:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021995; Tue, 2 Oct 01 11:04:18 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKL31V00.EE7 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:01:07 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKL3DD00.MTX; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:08:01 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA10534; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:08:00 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXIaWIu; Tue, 2 Oct 01 08:08:00 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA11416 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 15:00:19 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA11306 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:00:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 365; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 10:01:44 -0500 Message-ID: <3BB9D65F.624075AE@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2001 09:59:43 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Katharina Fabricius CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re:Land based sources of pollution//source estimates References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA11416 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 893 Katharina, or anyone -- Do you have either estimates or expert-judgement opinions on the relative= extent to which (or the geographic areas in which) the observed high-turbidity a= reas are primarily related to: a. medium or large river discharge; b. stream, small river or open coast runoff; or c. local resuspension of existing sediments? Getting some idea of the relative importance of these components of the turbidity forcing is critical to deriving impact predictions from climate= , wave, and land-use models. Thanks, Bob Buddemeier Katharina Fabricius wrote: > Another, recently published study from the Indo-Pacific province, in wh= ich > we looked at the effects of increasing turbidity on biodiversity: > > Fabricius KE & De'ath G (2001) Biodiversity on the Great Barrier Reef: > Large-scale patterns and turbidity-related local loss of soft coral tax= a. > Pp 127 - 144 in: Wolanski E (ed) Oceanographic processes of coral reefs= : > physical and biological links in the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Press, Lon= don. > > The article is best to be read in the original book which contains a CD > with the colour images and animations of processes. In our chapter, we > present a spatial model of increasing turbidtiy (originating from a > single-point-discharge), related to decreasing biodiversity. However I'= m > happy to send out free reprints in paper form (black & white print) or > electronically (colour). > > Abstract: > Spatial patterns and abiotic controls of soft coral biodiversity were > determined from an extensive reef surveys on the Great Barrier Reef (GB= R). > Taxonomic inventories of soft corals, and estimates of cover of the maj= or > benthos forms and of the physical environment, were obtained from 161 > reefs, spread relatively evenly along and across the whole GBR. Reefs o= n > the mid-shelf between latitude 13=B0 and 16=B0 represented the "hotspot= " of > taxonomic richness in soft corals on the GBR. Overlapping distributions= of > in-shore and off-shore taxa maximised richness on mid-shelf reefs. > Taxonomic richness decreased with increasing latitude, and was low and > relatively even across the shelf south of 21=B0 lat. Soft coral richnes= s was > strongly depressed in areas of high turbidity. It was also weakly > positively related to the amount of sediment deposited, and strongly > increased with depth. Total cover of hard corals and soft corals was po= orly > explained by physical and spatial variables, however both varied with d= epth. > The findings presented here have three major management implications: (= 1) > Turbidity and sedimentation affect the generic richness of soft corals. > Reefs with highest soft coral richness are < 20 km from the coast, well > within the range of terrestrial run-off, and hence a loss of biodiversi= ty > could result if turbidity increases due to land use practices which > generate soil loss; (2) Taxonomic composition is more strongly related = to > environmental conditions than total hard and soft coral cover. Taxonomi= c > inventories are thus better indicators of environmental conditions and > human impacts than are assessments of total cover. (3) Richness and cov= er > change more within a single site between 0 and 18 m depth, than between > reefs hundreds of kilometers apart along the shelf at the same depth. > Valuable additional information can be gained in a cost-efficient way i= f > monitoring and survey programs covered several depth zones rather than = a > single depth. > > Regards, > > Katharina Fabricius > > <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//> > > Dr. Katharina Fabricius > Research Scientist > Australian Institute of Marine Science > PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia > > Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 > Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 > email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au > > http://www.aims.gov.au > http://www.reef.crc.org.au > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 2 07:25:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA05107; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 07:25:44 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA22431; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:23:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022427; Tue, 2 Oct 01 11:22:40 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKL3WI00.LFG for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:19:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKL4CF00.MNT; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:29:03 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA28868; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:29:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAeWaqy4; Tue, 2 Oct 01 11:29:02 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA11625 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 15:24:22 GMT Received: from bearmtn-e0.cgd.ucar.edu (bearmtn-e0.cgd.ucar.edu [128.117.24.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA11630 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 11:23:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from molas.cgd.ucar.edu (molas [128.117.24.29]) by bearmtn-e0.cgd.ucar.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA05573 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 09:23:14 -0600 (MDT) Received: from localhost (kleypas@localhost) by molas.cgd.ucar.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA22828 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 09:23:10 -0600 (MDT) X-Authentication-Warning: molas.cgd.ucar.edu: kleypas owned process doing -bs Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2001 09:23:09 -0600 (MDT) From: Joanie Kleypas To: Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed for sure Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 894 Thanks to Mike Risk for bringing up some misunderstood issues regarding ocean chemistry changes in response to increased atmospheric CO2 and how coral reefs might respond. Some of his comments are good (e.g. that bioerosion is too often overlooked) but some were broad misrepresentations of science (e.g. his comments about ocean modelers and about the Kleypas et al. paper in Science). So I am compelled to address several of his points: FIRST > Any "reef model" that does not include it [bioerosion]...it's hard > to be polite, here. These models would better be termed > "Less-than-half-of-the-reef models." I agree that any modeling effort needs to take bioerosion into account. (and contrary the claim that the word was not mentioned in the Amer. Zool. special issue, Kleypas et al. in the Am. Zool. issue DO mention bioerosion several times as an important control on coral reef development). We have also discussed bioerosion prominently in a follow-up paper in Int. J. Earth Sci. (Kleypas et al. 2001). Our paper in Science did not model reefs - nor were we trying to model reefs. The thermodynamic calculations and modeling effort concentrated on simply determining carbonate ion concentrations as a function of temperature and pCO2. It is a simple calculation yes, but measured data obtained through the JGOFS, WOCE and other programs illustrate that ocean chemistry is indeed behaving as predicted. So I don't think the challenge to predicted ocean chemistry changes is valid. The chemistry will indeed be complicated in shelf environments by other processes, but the buffering on most reefs, e.g. those which receive significant exchange with open ocean water, will be minimal. SECOND > 3. Oceanic/Climate Models. Notwithstanding their protestations to the > contrary, I have found modellers to be resistant to data that upset their > models, with that resistance being directly proportional to the amount of > federal money invested to date. "One major problem with the current > generation of GCM's is that the treatment of ocean circulation is still very > crude." (Ruddiman, 2001: Earth's Climate). > > The implications of Smith et al, 1997, are that a meltwater pulse can divert > or shut down the Gulf Stream in less than 5 years. To all of you out there: > when the oceanic part of GCM's can model this, then start believing them-not > before. The strong compartmentalisation of the mixed layer to which Bob > refers is metastable, and temporary. > --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prof. Risk misrepresents the science presented in the Kleypas et al. paper. The HAMMOC model results were added to illustrate that the time-scale to bolster alkalinity (via dissolution of reactive sediments in response to increased atmospheric CO2, which depends on deep ocean circulation) was too long to show an appreciable buffering of the system over the next 200 years or so. At least in terms of open ocean geochemistry, there is no source of alkalinity which can adequately buffer the increased atmospheric CO2 for a few centuries, at least. There have been many papers on this and a good place to start is with David Archer's. And in defense of modelers! (I myself am not a modeler, but the coral-list should hear their side): The Smith, Risk, Schwarcz and McConnaughey paper above (Nature 1997) is a nice presentation of isotopic changes in deep-water coral skeletons during the Younger Dryas event. These data undoubtedly record a change in the water mass overlying Orphan knoll (50 26'N 46 22'W and 1600 m depth - note that this location is not really the Gulf Stream, but the North Atlantic Deep Water). However, these data do not *necessarily* record a change in the western boundary current. Western boundary currents can remain unchanged while water masses change (in fact, the Gulf Stream tends to maintain its track under a wide range of conditions). So this challenge (with insult) to modelers to duplicate implied boundary current changes, based on corals from a single location, does not provide adequate evidence that "a meltwater pulse can divert or shut down the Gulf Stream in less than 5 years". Now that being said, in terms of modeling changes in the Gulf Stream (and North Atlantic circulation in general) in response to surface buoyancy changes (i.e., changes in temperature and/or freshwater input), there ARE models that do capture such changes, and they show that the response CAN be rapid (5-10 years). Two examples of such papers: Gerdes and Koberle, 1995. J. Phys. Oceanography 25: 2624-2642. Lohmann and Gerdes. 1998. J. Climate 11: 2789-2803. THIRD: > So, in short, Kleypas et al: > 1. depends on reef models that ignore >50% of the process > 2. depends on outmoded oceanic circulation models > 3. ignores some fundamental chemical questions. Regarding 3 - Bob Buddemeier has already provided enough answers. Certainly there are complications in carbonate chemistry near continental margins, which will result in a range of reef response to changes in carbonate chemistry. But given the volume of the oceans versus that of river and reef sediments, isn't it likely that coral reefs will be bathed in waters overwhelmed by the increasing pCO2? I personally would like for Mike's #3 to be true, but none of the chemical oceanographers that I have spoken with (Takahashi, Broecker, Archer, Tans, etc.) have pointed to any ignored fundamental chemical question in this hypothesis. My fear is that Mike's statements like those above will convince many to dismiss the carbonate chemistry issue based on hunches rather than adequate scientific justification. FOURTH > My main concern with that paper is that it may have diverted intellectual > and financial resources from more pressing problems. Sure, changes in > saturation state will eventually affect....what? What will be left, in say > 100 years? pH changes in the ocean, in my opinion, don't make the Top Twenty > Reef Threats. The rate of present destruction from land-based sources and > overfishing simply dwarfs everything else. I agree that reefs sadly face many threats. We anticipated the that some scientists would feel that their own "reef issue" would be overshadowed by this problem. Because the calcification question is global in nature, and because it is a direct and predictable consequence of CO2 (even predictions of bleaching involve questions about just how much the oceans will warm), I and others consider this a serious chronic and increasing threat to reefs (and perhaps to other calcifiers such as coccolithophorids - see Riebesell et al. 2000). But politically, the issue is powerful, and any solution which would mitigate increases in CO2 would certainly mitigate many of the other threats to reefs as well. And honestly, this issue has gotten so minimal attention and funding since the paper was published that I can only conclude that most people don't fully understand its scope. I take some of the blame for not pushing it hard enough, but there is also a significant amount of misinformation that is going around. FINALLY Thanks again to Mike for bringing up these issues. cheerio, J Kleypas ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ J. Kleypas Climate & Global Dynamics National Center for Atmospheric Research PO Box 3000 Boulder, CO 80307-3000 (For FedEx use: 1850 Table Mesa Drive with zip code: 80305) PH: (303) 497-1316 FAX: (303) 497-1700 kleypas@ncar.ucar.edu ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 2 08:40:14 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA06719; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 08:40:14 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA24033; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 12:37:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023989; Tue, 2 Oct 01 12:37:02 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKL7CG00.6EE for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 12:33:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKL7NY00.BVL; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 09:40:46 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA25782; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 09:40:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwnaawY; Tue, 2 Oct 01 09:40:45 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA11808 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 16:36:50 GMT Received: from VXF.OCIS.UNCWIL.EDU (vxf.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA11756 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 12:36:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01K90XSSIALC91WMZ8@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 02 Oct 2001 12:36:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01K90XSQGBSI8WW1R3@uncwil.edu>; Tue, 02 Oct 2001 12:36:17 -0400 (EDT) Date: Tue, 02 Oct 2001 12:43:37 -0400 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re:Land based sources of pollution//source estimates In-reply-to: <3BB9D65F.624075AE@kgs.ukans.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: Bob Buddemeier , Katharina Fabricius Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011002123523.03050860@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; format=flowed References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA11776 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA11808 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 895 Hi Bob: I can reply to your questions with regard to the upper and middle Florida= =20 Keys, where I had a series of 9 inshore to offshore transects with sedime= nt=20 traps and turbidity loggers for about 1 year. We have been able to expla= in=20 much of the turbidity and sedimentation variance by statistical correlati= on=20 with wind speed, duration and direction (C-MAN data), and thus the answer= =20 for this area is (c). The sediments are autochonous carbonate and there=20 are no rivers for this area. We do get plumes of resuspended sediments=20 coming out of Florida Bay especially when fronts move through. A minor a= nd=20 more localized source of turbidity is prop wake from large yachts and=20 dive/fishing boats. Inshore waters are greener and more turbid at times= =20 due to slightly higher Chla (0.5 to 0.75 ug/l vs 0.25 or less=20 offshore). Suspended particulates even inshore are below 10 mg/L because= =20 the resuspended particles are so fine and floculent. Alina At 09:59 AM 10/02/2001 -0500, Bob Buddemeier wrote: >Katharina, or anyone -- > >Do you have either estimates or expert-judgement opinions on the relativ= e=20 >extent >to which (or the geographic areas in which) the observed high-turbidity = areas >are primarily related to: >a. medium or large river discharge; >b. stream, small river or open coast runoff; or >c. local resuspension of existing sediments? > >Getting some idea of the relative importance of these components of the >turbidity forcing is critical to deriving impact predictions from climat= e,=20 >wave, >and land-use models. > >Thanks, > >Bob Buddemeier > >Katharina Fabricius wrote: > > > Another, recently published study from the Indo-Pacific province, in = which > > we looked at the effects of increasing turbidity on biodiversity: > > > > Fabricius KE & De'ath G (2001) Biodiversity on the Great Barrier Reef= : > > Large-scale patterns and turbidity-related local loss of soft coral t= axa. > > Pp 127 - 144 in: Wolanski E (ed) Oceanographic processes of coral ree= fs: > > physical and biological links in the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Press, L= ondon. > > > > The article is best to be read in the original book which contains a = CD > > with the colour images and animations of processes. In our chapter, w= e > > present a spatial model of increasing turbidtiy (originating from a > > single-point-discharge), related to decreasing biodiversity. However = I'm > > happy to send out free reprints in paper form (black & white print) o= r > > electronically (colour). > > > > Abstract: > > Spatial patterns and abiotic controls of soft coral biodiversity were > > determined from an extensive reef surveys on the Great Barrier Reef (= GBR). > > Taxonomic inventories of soft corals, and estimates of cover of the m= ajor > > benthos forms and of the physical environment, were obtained from 161 > > reefs, spread relatively evenly along and across the whole GBR. Reefs= on > > the mid-shelf between latitude 13=B0 and 16=B0 represented the "hotsp= ot" of > > taxonomic richness in soft corals on the GBR. Overlapping distributio= ns of > > in-shore and off-shore taxa maximised richness on mid-shelf reefs. > > Taxonomic richness decreased with increasing latitude, and was low an= d > > relatively even across the shelf south of 21=B0 lat. Soft coral richn= ess was > > strongly depressed in areas of high turbidity. It was also weakly > > positively related to the amount of sediment deposited, and strongly > > increased with depth. Total cover of hard corals and soft corals was = poorly > > explained by physical and spatial variables, however both varied with= =20 > depth. > > The findings presented here have three major management implications:= (1) > > Turbidity and sedimentation affect the generic richness of soft coral= s. > > Reefs with highest soft coral richness are < 20 km from the coast, we= ll > > within the range of terrestrial run-off, and hence a loss of biodiver= sity > > could result if turbidity increases due to land use practices which > > generate soil loss; (2) Taxonomic composition is more strongly relate= d to > > environmental conditions than total hard and soft coral cover. Taxono= mic > > inventories are thus better indicators of environmental conditions an= d > > human impacts than are assessments of total cover. (3) Richness and c= over > > change more within a single site between 0 and 18 m depth, than betwe= en > > reefs hundreds of kilometers apart along the shelf at the same depth. > > Valuable additional information can be gained in a cost-efficient way= if > > monitoring and survey programs covered several depth zones rather tha= n a > > single depth. > > > > Regards, > > > > Katharina Fabricius > > > > <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//> > > > > Dr. Katharina Fabricius > > Research Scientist > > Australian Institute of Marine Science > > PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia > > > > Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 > > Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 > > email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au > > > > http://www.aims.gov.au > > http://www.reef.crc.org.au > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >-- >Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier >Kansas Geological Survey >University of Kansas >1930 Constant Avenue >Lawrence, KS 66047 USA >Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 >Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 >e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 2 10:37:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA08940; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 10:37:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA26243; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:34:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026220; Tue, 2 Oct 01 14:34:08 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKLCRM00.AED for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:30:58 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKLD7I00.2VJ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:40:30 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA04120; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:40:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApoayci; Tue, 2 Oct 01 14:40:29 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA11939 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 18:33:43 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA11914 for ; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:33:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MyHost (empD-port10.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.16]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id OAA15479; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:26:23 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <020901c14b6f$76287320$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Joanie Kleypas" , References: Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed for sure Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2001 14:24:21 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 896 Joanie has provided a spirited defense of her and her co-authors' work. I remain far from convinced that some of these matters are solved beyond the need of further debate. I will respond at length soon, after I finish getting in this year's firewood. But some quick comments- It seems that most scientific "clarifications" carry with them the seeds of further misunderstandings. Here are some additions: 1. The comment about climate modellers not wishing to accept data that contradicted their models wasn't mine-it came from a well-known NOAA climate modeller, whom I will mercifully not name. My prior attempts to convince modellers to accept the need for extremely rapid ocean overturning were met with benign neglect. I felt it appropriate, therefore, to accept the valuation of someone in the field. 2. The top of Orphan Knoll lies directly in the Gulf Stream Return Flow, so to suggest it is not connected with the Gulf Stream is misleading. 3. Some modellers listen, and solicit data. We are now working very closely with several groups on the East Coast (BIO modellers and their US colleagues), as we begin to obtain long-term proxy records of the NAO, Labrador Current, and the inner Gulf Stream: information that was previously unavailable. 4. I don't consider that land-based sources of pollution are my "reef issue." (But I admit, I feel they are THE reef issue.) As we have seen, there is zero political will in North America for CO2 reductions. (Canadians are worse than the USA, by the way, just to demonstrate that I am an equal-opportunity slagger.) There will be action on this front only after the enormous public health costs sink in, and even then the response will be slow. In the meantime, something could be done about sewage and sediment stress. This is not rocket science, but would require that at least a large proportion of reef scientists speak with one voice. There is already a trend among reef managers to blame "global change" for impacts that have clear local causes. Back to the maul (not mall). ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 2 22:01:32 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA17902; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 22:01:32 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA05958; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 01:59:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005954; Wed, 3 Oct 01 01:59:12 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKM8HD00.TGE for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 01:56:01 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKM8SW00.6GL; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 23:02:56 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA25260; Tue, 2 Oct 2001 23:02:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXTayvX; Tue, 2 Oct 01 23:02:55 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA12675 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 05:58:22 GMT Received: from aims.gov.au (ftp.aims.gov.au [138.7.104.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA01725 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 01:58:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: by aims.gov.au; id PAA05048; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:55:14 +1000 (EST) Received: from int-mail.aims.gov.au(138.7.32.14) by purple.aims.gov.au via csmap (V4.1) id srcCAAh_aG2j; Wed, 3 Oct 01 15:55:14 +1000 Received: from kathi.aims.gov.au ([138.7.37.73]) by conch.aims.gov.au (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id PAA05118; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:57:59 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: kfabrici@email.aims.gov.au X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 15:57:25 +1000 To: "Bob Buddemeier" From: Katharina Fabricius Subject: Re:Land based sources of pollution//source estimates Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: <3BB9D65F.624075AE@kgs.ukans.edu> References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; format=flowed X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id BAA01726 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id FAA12675 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 897 Hi Bob and others, at present the general assumption seems to be (at least here locally) tha= t=20 turbidity is driven by physics, ie, resuspension forced by wave height,=20 depth, and particle sizes. However, present-day levels of erosion of soil= s=20 and discharge of sediments may increase in some areas the amount and=20 proportion of clay and other fine material, which creates greater turbidi= ty=20 and remains suspended for longer than equal concentrations of larger=20 particles. Together with a group under Terry Done at AIMS, we just starte= d=20 looking into modelling it all spatially, to create some sort of "turbidit= y=20 risk map" for the GBR (and we'd appreciate any thoughts/suggestions/=20 contributions about this). I also have data which show that both sediment quality (eg, concentration= s=20 of transparent exopolymer particles) as well as short-term exposure to=20 sedimentation (hours to days) are important factors influencing the scope= =20 of coral reefs to be recolonised by corals, and these two factors are oft= en=20 not part of the lines of argumentation put forward by some sedimentolgist= s. With regards to the debate of whether global climate change, increasing=20 CO2, or run-off are the "greatest" threat to coral reefs, I am getting=20 worried that we may not be getting anywhere with single-cause explanation= s:=20 the coral reef ecosystem is so complex that reefs are dying of a thousand= =20 cuts rather than of just one single cause, as each individual species and= =20 life stage has its own little sensitivities to one or the other of the=20 human alterations of their environment - and what will suffer first is=20 biodiversity. But I'm also convinced that run-off is hampering the capaci= ty=20 of reefs to recover from all sorts of disturbances: adult corals can hand= le=20 relatively high loads of nutrients and sediments, but recruits don't. Onc= e=20 the adults are wiped out by COTS or bleaching, we'll wake up if the=20 juveniles are missing. That's what I'm observing here in some near-shore=20 areas of the GBR close to intense land use at present (but again, we need= =20 to be cautios coming to any single-cause conclusions about our low juveni= le=20 numbers: we don't have historic data on previous juvenile densities nor o= n=20 larvae supplies vs surviviorships from the region). Regards, Katharina (for people how may want to send me questions/comments: please apologise=20 delays in my replies, I'm off to Palau tomorrow for 3 weeks) At 09:59 AM 2/10/01 -0500, you wrote: >Katharina, or anyone -- > >Do you have either estimates or expert-judgement opinions on the relativ= e=20 >extent >to which (or the geographic areas in which) the observed high-turbidity = areas >are primarily related to: >a. medium or large river discharge; >b. stream, small river or open coast runoff; or >c. local resuspension of existing sediments? > >Getting some idea of the relative importance of these components of the >turbidity forcing is critical to deriving impact predictions from climat= e,=20 >wave, >and land-use models. > >Thanks, > >Bob Buddemeier > >Katharina Fabricius wrote: > > > Another, recently published study from the Indo-Pacific province, in = which > > we looked at the effects of increasing turbidity on biodiversity: > > > > Fabricius KE & De'ath G (2001) Biodiversity on the Great Barrier Reef= : > > Large-scale patterns and turbidity-related local loss of soft coral t= axa. > > Pp 127 - 144 in: Wolanski E (ed) Oceanographic processes of coral ree= fs: > > physical and biological links in the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Press, L= ondon. > > > > The article is best to be read in the original book which contains a = CD > > with the colour images and animations of processes. In our chapter, w= e > > present a spatial model of increasing turbidtiy (originating from a > > single-point-discharge), related to decreasing biodiversity. However = I'm > > happy to send out free reprints in paper form (black & white print) o= r > > electronically (colour). > > > > Abstract: > > Spatial patterns and abiotic controls of soft coral biodiversity were > > determined from an extensive reef surveys on the Great Barrier Reef (= GBR). > > Taxonomic inventories of soft corals, and estimates of cover of the m= ajor > > benthos forms and of the physical environment, were obtained from 161 > > reefs, spread relatively evenly along and across the whole GBR. Reefs= on > > the mid-shelf between latitude 13=B0 and 16=B0 represented the "hotsp= ot" of > > taxonomic richness in soft corals on the GBR. Overlapping distributio= ns of > > in-shore and off-shore taxa maximised richness on mid-shelf reefs. > > Taxonomic richness decreased with increasing latitude, and was low an= d > > relatively even across the shelf south of 21=B0 lat. Soft coral richn= ess was > > strongly depressed in areas of high turbidity. It was also weakly > > positively related to the amount of sediment deposited, and strongly > > increased with depth. Total cover of hard corals and soft corals was = poorly > > explained by physical and spatial variables, however both varied with= =20 > depth. > > The findings presented here have three major management implications:= (1) > > Turbidity and sedimentation affect the generic richness of soft coral= s. > > Reefs with highest soft coral richness are < 20 km from the coast, we= ll > > within the range of terrestrial run-off, and hence a loss of biodiver= sity > > could result if turbidity increases due to land use practices which > > generate soil loss; (2) Taxonomic composition is more strongly relate= d to > > environmental conditions than total hard and soft coral cover. Taxono= mic > > inventories are thus better indicators of environmental conditions an= d > > human impacts than are assessments of total cover. (3) Richness and c= over > > change more within a single site between 0 and 18 m depth, than betwe= en > > reefs hundreds of kilometers apart along the shelf at the same depth. > > Valuable additional information can be gained in a cost-efficient way= if > > monitoring and survey programs covered several depth zones rather tha= n a > > single depth. > > > > Regards, > > > > Katharina Fabricius > > <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><= //\\> Dr. Katharina Fabricius Research Scientist Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au http://www.aims.gov.au http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/~crcreef ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 04:02:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA20735; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 04:02:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA08459; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 08:00:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008451; Wed, 3 Oct 01 08:00:06 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKMP6V00.2HK for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 07:56:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKMPID00.0JL; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 05:03:49 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA16340; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 05:03:49 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAUnay6F; Wed, 3 Oct 01 05:03:48 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA13274 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:56:42 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA13440 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 07:56:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.140.170]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 76; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 06:58:10 -0500 Message-ID: <3BBAFD33.10C25106@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 06:57:39 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Reply-To: buddrw@ku.edu Organization: Kansas Geological Survey X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Katharina Fabricius CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------774536ECB1E06B893EFDA972" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 898 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------774536ECB1E06B893EFDA972 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id LAA13274 List -- Comment first, then some more discussion of (mostly sediment-related) iss= ues. Special thanks to Katharina and Alina for their observations and comments. Katharina is right on with her comments on single variable arguments -- t= he problem is, we have to understand the variables one by one to get to the point of= effective integration, and that seems to tempt a lot of people into the all-or-noth= ing false dichotomy. Another problem is the gravitation toward polar positions: "r= eefs are doomed real soon because people are killing them off" vs "not too worry, = they're robust and it's just a natural fluctuation." The first is a very slightl= y more credible position than the second, I think, but only slightly, and the mo= st useful synthesis combines and is offset from that discussional axis. Turbidity and sediment are good examples. Without claiming that they are= totally generalizable, let's take the recent contributions to the discussion to s= how that resuspension of sediment (as opposed to new input) is a significant stres= s factor. I suggest that this is at least partly a 'natural cycle' development. Co= ntinental shelves and shallow coastal areas are excellent sediment traps, retaining= a lot of what comes off the land. Our present situation is geologically and envir= onmentally anomalous -- a relatively stable 3-6,000 year sea level high stand (the r= ange of times is because it's local, not eustatic, level that counts operationall= y, and the Caribbean and much of the Indo-Pacific have different local sea level his= tories). That accounts for a lot of sediment build-up (with or without human inter= vention), and I suggest that a number of areas may 'simply' have reached a critical= threshold in terms of the inventory or load of resuspendable sediment. A glance at= the Pleistocene sea level curve will show why corals and reefs are not necess= arily adapted to this kind of environment. I put 'simply' in quotes above to underline Katharina's point that it nev= er is simple -- in this case, one of the complicating human factors is change i= n the ocean climate. As I understand it, a number of regions of the oceans hav= e shown significant increases in mean wave height over the past few decades. Thi= s is the resuspension driver, so it may be that either natural climate cycling or human-induced climate change have pushed the sediment resuspension effect= s across the threshold very recently. This underlines a point that I hope was obvious from the earlier discussi= ons -- reef researchers need to understand some oceanography, as well as issues = of large-scale dynamics (the latter comment is a shameless plug for an upcom= ing special issue of Coral Reefs -- sorry). It also puts some other perspectives on the questions of reef doom and wh= at to do about it. Note that I am going to talk about a particular variable or sui= te of variables, and do not intend to imply that there aren't others, that peop= le aren't problems, etc. 1. 'Land sources' in the real-time sense may not be as big a sediment is= sue as often supposed. Most large and medium -sized drainage basins have had th= eir water flow (for sure) and sediment discharge (proabably but not always) reduced= and regulated by damming and diversion. Local coastal runoff and small/undev= eloped basins have the potential for dramatic increases in sediment load in resp= onse to land use and cover changes, but the acute effects of these are often loca= lized near shore (although there is the general contribution to shelf sediment load = build-up). 2. There is no realistic prospect of modifying either the coastal zone s= ediment inventory or the marine energy regime, so -- if this formulation is valid= -- chronic sediment stresses in most offshore areas may be something that si= mply has to be lived (or died) with. This implies a focus on understanding its co= ntribution to multi-stress synergism in hopes of finding a different factor that can= be managed to reduce the combined system impact. 3. Conservation/preservation: I have been beating the drum for a triage= approach to reef resarch conservation, and management, and I have also from time t= o time expressed a fondness for atolls (but outer-shelf reefs can be OK too). I= suggest that this example reinforces both -- if continental reefs really have "ti= med out" in terms of Holocene habitat development, the places to look for healthy = or at least preservable systems are in very well-flushed, no-soft-sediment coas= tal areas or away from terrigenous sediment sources (e.g., ocean islands, especiall= y with small land mass). 4. Research implications: This point goes beyond the sediment resuspens= ion issue to the larger question of combined (and especially land-derived) threats.= The idea of chronic stress build-up to a threshold transition that we are now obse= rving implies not only that we are not currently working on normal or 'healthy'= systems, but also that what we take as our pre-transition baseline was probably se= riously affected at the subclinical level. This means that much of the coral lie= rature on function and condition has to be interpreted very cautiously if one is in= terested in determining 'normal' or 'optimal' function. Jeremy Jackson has made t= his point with respect to anthropogenic ecosystem alterations; I propose extending = it to a broader suite of 'natural cycle' considerations including sediment buildu= p on shelves, the implications (for accomodation space and circulation, among = other factors) of reef 'catch-up' with sea level, etc. All of which may help explain why I am of the opinion that most 'reefs-as-we-know-them' are on their way out of the picture, especially i= f they are closely associated with a major landmass. I would rather not use 'doomed= ' as a blanket statement, because I think there may be some (significantly alter= ed) oceanic survivors. The moral of the story: Go to sea. Bob Buddemeier Katharina Fabricius wrote: > Hi Bob and others, > > at present the general assumption seems to be (at least here locally) t= hat > turbidity is driven by physics, ie, resuspension forced by wave height, > depth, and particle sizes. However, present-day levels of erosion of so= ils > and discharge of sediments may increase in some areas the amount and > proportion of clay and other fine material, which creates greater turbi= dity > and remains suspended for longer than equal concentrations of larger > particles. Together with a group under Terry Done at AIMS, we just star= ted > looking into modelling it all spatially, to create some sort of "turbid= ity > risk map" for the GBR (and we'd appreciate any thoughts/suggestions/ > contributions about this). > > I also have data which show that both sediment quality (eg, concentrati= ons > of transparent exopolymer particles) as well as short-term exposure to > sedimentation (hours to days) are important factors influencing the sco= pe > of coral reefs to be recolonised by corals, and these two factors are o= ften > not part of the lines of argumentation put forward by some sedimentolgi= sts. > > With regards to the debate of whether global climate change, increasing > CO2, or run-off are the "greatest" threat to coral reefs, I am getting > worried that we may not be getting anywhere with single-cause explanati= ons: > the coral reef ecosystem is so complex that reefs are dying of a thousa= nd > cuts rather than of just one single cause, as each individual species a= nd > life stage has its own little sensitivities to one or the other of the > human alterations of their environment - and what will suffer first is > biodiversity. But I'm also convinced that run-off is hampering the capa= city > of reefs to recover from all sorts of disturbances: adult corals can ha= ndle > relatively high loads of nutrients and sediments, but recruits don't. O= nce > the adults are wiped out by COTS or bleaching, we'll wake up if the > juveniles are missing. That's what I'm observing here in some near-shor= e > areas of the GBR close to intense land use at present (but again, we ne= ed > to be cautios coming to any single-cause conclusions about our low juve= nile > numbers: we don't have historic data on previous juvenile densities nor= on > larvae supplies vs surviviorships from the region). > > Regards, > Katharina > (for people how may want to send me questions/comments: please apologis= e > delays in my replies, I'm off to Palau tomorrow for 3 weeks) > > At 09:59 AM 2/10/01 -0500, you wrote: > >Katharina, or anyone -- > > > >Do you have either estimates or expert-judgement opinions on the relat= ive > >extent > >to which (or the geographic areas in which) the observed high-turbidit= y areas > >are primarily related to: > >a. medium or large river discharge; > >b. stream, small river or open coast runoff; or > >c. local resuspension of existing sediments? > > > >Getting some idea of the relative importance of these components of th= e > >turbidity forcing is critical to deriving impact predictions from clim= ate, > >wave, > >and land-use models. > > > >Thanks, > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > >Katharina Fabricius wrote: > > > > > Another, recently published study from the Indo-Pacific province, i= n which > > > we looked at the effects of increasing turbidity on biodiversity: > > > > > > Fabricius KE & De'ath G (2001) Biodiversity on the Great Barrier Re= ef: > > > Large-scale patterns and turbidity-related local loss of soft coral= taxa. > > > Pp 127 - 144 in: Wolanski E (ed) Oceanographic processes of coral r= eefs: > > > physical and biological links in the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Press,= London. > > > > > > The article is best to be read in the original book which contains = a CD > > > with the colour images and animations of processes. In our chapter,= we > > > present a spatial model of increasing turbidtiy (originating from a > > > single-point-discharge), related to decreasing biodiversity. Howeve= r I'm > > > happy to send out free reprints in paper form (black & white print)= or > > > electronically (colour). > > > > > > Abstract: > > > Spatial patterns and abiotic controls of soft coral biodiversity we= re > > > determined from an extensive reef surveys on the Great Barrier Reef= (GBR). > > > Taxonomic inventories of soft corals, and estimates of cover of the= major > > > benthos forms and of the physical environment, were obtained from 1= 61 > > > reefs, spread relatively evenly along and across the whole GBR. Ree= fs on > > > the mid-shelf between latitude 13=B0 and 16=B0 represented the "hot= spot" of > > > taxonomic richness in soft corals on the GBR. Overlapping distribut= ions of > > > in-shore and off-shore taxa maximised richness on mid-shelf reefs. > > > Taxonomic richness decreased with increasing latitude, and was low = and > > > relatively even across the shelf south of 21=B0 lat. Soft coral ric= hness was > > > strongly depressed in areas of high turbidity. It was also weakly > > > positively related to the amount of sediment deposited, and strongl= y > > > increased with depth. Total cover of hard corals and soft corals wa= s poorly > > > explained by physical and spatial variables, however both varied wi= th > > depth. > > > The findings presented here have three major management implication= s: (1) > > > Turbidity and sedimentation affect the generic richness of soft cor= als. > > > Reefs with highest soft coral richness are < 20 km from the coast, = well > > > within the range of terrestrial run-off, and hence a loss of biodiv= ersity > > > could result if turbidity increases due to land use practices which > > > generate soil loss; (2) Taxonomic composition is more strongly rela= ted to > > > environmental conditions than total hard and soft coral cover. Taxo= nomic > > > inventories are thus better indicators of environmental conditions = and > > > human impacts than are assessments of total cover. (3) Richness and= cover > > > change more within a single site between 0 and 18 m depth, than bet= ween > > > reefs hundreds of kilometers apart along the shelf at the same dept= h. > > > Valuable additional information can be gained in a cost-efficient w= ay if > > > monitoring and survey programs covered several depth zones rather t= han a > > > single depth. > > > > > > Regards, > > > > > > Katharina Fabricius > > > > > <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+= > > Dr. Katharina Fabricius > Research Scientist > Australian Institute of Marine Science > PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia > Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 > Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 > email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au > http://www.aims.gov.au > http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/~crcreef > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. --------------774536ECB1E06B893EFDA972 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="buddrw.vcf" Content-Description: Card for Bob Buddemeier Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="buddrw.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit begin:vcard n:Buddemeier;Robert W. tel;fax:785-864-5317 tel;work:785-864-2112 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:University of Kansas;Kansas Geological Survey adr:;;1930 Constant Avenue;Lawrence;KS;66047;USA version:2.1 email;internet:buddrw@ku.edu title:Dr. fn:Robert W. Buddemeier end:vcard --------------774536ECB1E06B893EFDA972-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 06:49:54 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA24191; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 06:49:53 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA11752; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:47:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011732; Wed, 3 Oct 01 10:47:26 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKMWXS00.KHG for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:44:16 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKMX9B00.BOE; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 07:51:11 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA10381; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 07:51:10 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPWaOqu; Wed, 3 Oct 01 07:51:10 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA13593 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:47:09 GMT Received: from mailbu.cc.uga.edu (malibu.cc.uga.edu [128.192.1.103]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA13743 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:46:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from archa9.cc.uga.edu (arch9.cc.uga.edu) by mailbu.cc.uga.edu (LSMTP for Windows NT v1.1b) with SMTP id <0.00314267@mailbu.cc.uga.edu>; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:46:50 -0400 Received: from CORALS (jpoptiplex071.ecology.uga.edu [128.192.18.71]) by archa9.cc.uga.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id KAA85028 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:46:19 -0400 Message-ID: <000c01c14c1a$4c2cf540$4712c080@ecology.uga.edu> From: "James W. Porter" To: Subject: New book on coral reefs Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:47:17 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0009_01C14BF8.C50164A0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 899 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0009_01C14BF8.C50164A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I wish to announce the publication of our new book on coral reefs. = The book contains 35 chapters organized in five sections (The = Everglades; Florida Bay; Coral Reefs; Policy, Management, and = Conservation; and International Analogies) describing connections = between ecosystems in the South Florida hydroscape. This book details = the intimate linkages that exist between the land and the reef. It = proposes a whole-watershed approach to coral reef mamgement. Porter, J.W. and K.G. Porter. 2001. The Everglades, Florida Bay, = and Coral Reefs of the Florida Keys. CRC Press; Boca Raton, FL. 1028 = pp. This book is available now and can be ordered on line at: = www.crcpress.com Jim Porter ------=_NextPart_000_0009_01C14BF8.C50164A0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I wish to = announce the=20 publication of our new book on coral reefs. The book contains 35 chapters = organized=20 in five sections (The Everglades; =20 Florida Bay; Coral = Reefs; Policy, = Management, and=20 Conservation; and = International=20 Analogies) describing connections between ecosystems in the South = Florida=20 hydroscape. This book = details the=20 intimate linkages that exist between the land and the reef. It proposes a whole-watershed = approach=20 to coral reef mamgement.

Porter, J.W. and = K.G.=20 Porter. 2001. The Everglades, Florida Bay, = and Coral=20 Reefs of the Florida Keys. = CRC=20 Press; Boca Raton, FL. 1028 pp.

This book is = available now and=20 can be ordered on line at: www.crcpress.com

Jim Porter

------=_NextPart_000_0009_01C14BF8.C50164A0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 08:01:36 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA26225; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 08:01:35 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA13702; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:59:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013684; Wed, 3 Oct 01 11:59:04 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN09600.KHQ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:55:54 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN0P000.7LE; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:05:24 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA16100; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:05:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAB9ayCF; Wed, 3 Oct 01 12:05:23 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA10333 for coris-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 16:02:45 GMT Received: from hermes.nos.noaa.gov (hermes.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.127.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA14093 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:02:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.161.207]) by hermes.nos.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 hermes Jun 11 2001 16:23:30) with ESMTP id GKN0OM00.2PG for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:05:10 -0400 Message-ID: <3BBB3697.909616AD@noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 12:02:32 -0400 From: Lapointe_Tom Reply-To: Tom.Lapointe@noaa.gov Organization: NOAA/NOS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 (Macintosh; U; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en,pdf MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coris@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: My Two Cents: CoRIS Engine Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coris@aoml.noaa.gov Precedence: first-class Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 900 To CoRIS Working Group members: Yesterday, I spent a good deal of time with the CoRIS search engine. Considerable progress has been made. Everyone involved should pleased that we have an engine in place that the group can comment on. I have one major comment at this stage. When I searched for CoRIS data in southern Florida, I found nine items ranging from bleaching reports to anomaly charts. Clicking on the "Retrieve Full Record" link, provided me with the metadata record and a URL. The URLs were inconsistent, some going directly to products, some going to general home pages, and others going to section pages. I think that focusing on the metadata record as the primary output might be putting the cart before the horse. Just because the metadata drive the search engine does not mean that the metadata record should be the primary viewer to the product. Our experience in NOS is that users are primarily interested in the product, not the metadata. The metadata must be available as supportive information, but the product is first. I also think that focusing on the actual product will force us to "drill down to real products" rather than list generic home pages, or general sections of Web sites. It will also identify shortcomings in the metadata records themselves. The same was true in the library photo gallery. What does the user really want to see: a photograph with a caption, or the metadata record? We all know the answer to that one. Now that we have a working search engine, I believe that we need the discipline of looking at things through a product perspective. This is not a issue for the technical team; it is an issue for the entire working group. My two cents, probably worth less -Tom -- Tom La Pointe 1305 East-West Highway (SSMC4/Room 9537) Silver Spring, MD 20910 Phone: 301-713-3000x168, Fax: 301-713-4384, Email: Tom.Lapointe@noaa.gov ~~~~~~~ To unsubscribe from the CoRIS list, please send "unsubscribe" in the body of a message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 08:37:49 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA26888; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 08:37:48 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14390; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:35:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014378; Wed, 3 Oct 01 12:35:14 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN1XF00.IHQ for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:32:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN2DE00.TNJ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:41:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA18330; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:41:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbVaaZJ; Wed, 3 Oct 01 12:41:37 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA14155 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 16:32:33 GMT Received: from vxg.ocis.uncwil.edu (vxg.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA13800 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:31:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01K92BXG151S94DNOD@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 03 Oct 2001 12:31:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01K92BXDO1L290MTCT@uncwil.edu>; Wed, 03 Oct 2001 12:31:41 -0400 (EDT) Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 12:35:49 -0400 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates In-reply-to: <3BBAFD33.10C25106@kgs.ukans.edu> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: buddrw@ku.edu, Katharina Fabricius Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011003120426.02c18a30@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; format=flowed References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA03067 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA14155 Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 901 Bob and others: Conrad Neumann and Ian MacIntyre published the phrase years ago about=20 coral reefs being "shot in the back by their own lagoons" Proc 5th Intern= at=20 Coral Reef Congr, Tahiti 1985: vol 3 pg 105-110), which is the Holocene=20 sea level scenario you described in your email. I agree that for some=20 areas (such as Florida Keys) resuspended sediment is a major factor=20 limiting coral recruitment (especially sand-blasting by coarse sediments=20 during winter storms) and this may have been happening for decades if not= =20 longer and thus be one reason why patch reefs in Fl Keys often have highe= r=20 coral cover and diversity than more offshore (exposed) reefs inspite of t= he=20 lower water quality (turbidity etc) closer to shore (see Miller et all,=20 Coral Reefs vol 19 (2)). I am always amazed at the high numbers of coral= =20 recruits we see on these inshore patch reefs ins spite of what the text=20 books tell us are unfavorable conditions. However, bioerosion is likely=20 higher inshore and not many of these patch reefs amount to much. I have a hypothesis that I have been bandying around for a few years that= =20 it's been more windy since the mid 1980s and 1990s which could be an effe= ct=20 of global warming (more heat, more wind) [this is based on a gut impressi= on=20 that in spite of having bigger and better boats than I had access to in t= he=20 1970's, we have more days that we are weathered out now than a few decade= s=20 back]. More frequent or more severe storms all year long could result i= n=20 lower overall water clarity in areas like the Florida Keys where there is= =20 lots of sediment to resuspend (I gave a presentation about all this in=20 Bali, but mea culpa, mea culpa I haven't written it up yet). If those of= =20 you that like to work with climate data would have access to good wind=20 records, I suggest someone look at the frequency and duration of higher=20 wind events over the past 50 years or more, by passing the data thru some= =20 kind of filter that looks for the higerh energy events (e.g. 15+ knots fo= r=20 24+ hrs): it takes a minimum period of high winds to really get things=20 stirred up, but if the rough conditions persist for too long, suspended=20 sediments are likely flushed out of the system). Thus, not enough=20 resuspension could result in fine sediments building up to eventually=20 become a problem (nutrients will also build up); frequent moderate energy= =20 events may make the system turbid a lot of the time depending on whether=20 net flow rids the system of the resuspended fines; occasional major event= s=20 help flush the system of both sediments and nutrients. Thus wind regimes= =20 (and their change over time as climate changes) could make a big differen= ce=20 in the environment conditions reefs have to deal with, and their "health". Again, things are much more complicated than one-factor causality, and th= e=20 various factors work at different time and spatial scales. Effects of=20 elevated temperatures and over-fishing strike pretty much everywhere whic= h=20 is why I think they are at the top of my list of what needs to be address= ed=20 by managers; sediments and nutrients are very important in some areas and= =20 not others, and should be addressed where appropriate. Some poor reef=20 areas have all of the above impacting them and that is real sad. I agree= =20 with those that write that we shouldn't try to make our favorite cause of= =20 decline be accepted by everyone as THE ONE to be concerned about, but I=20 think we do need a scientifically founded way to attribute relative effec= ts=20 because whether we like it or not, that is what the managers need. Alina Szmant At 06:57 AM 10/03/2001 -0500, Bob Buddemeier wrote: >List -- > >Comment first, then some more discussion of (mostly sediment-related) is= sues. > >Special thanks to Katharina and Alina for their observations and comment= s. >Katharina is right on with her comments on single variable arguments --=20 >the problem >is, we have to understand the variables one by one to get to the point o= f=20 >effective >integration, and that seems to tempt a lot of people into the=20 >all-or-nothing false >dichotomy. Another problem is the gravitation toward polar positions:=20 >"reefs are >doomed real soon because people are killing them off" vs "not too worry,= =20 >they're >robust and it's just a natural fluctuation." The first is a very slight= ly=20 >more >credible position than the second, I think, but only slightly, and the=20 >most useful >synthesis combines and is offset from that discussional axis. > >Turbidity and sediment are good examples. Without claiming that they ar= e=20 >totally >generalizable, let's take the recent contributions to the discussion to=20 >show that >resuspension of sediment (as opposed to new input) is a significant stre= ss=20 >factor. >I suggest that this is at least partly a 'natural cycle'=20 >development. Continental >shelves and shallow coastal areas are excellent sediment traps, retainin= g=20 >a lot of >what comes off the land. Our present situation is geologically and=20 >environmentally >anomalous -- a relatively stable 3-6,000 year sea level high stand (the=20 >range of >times is because it's local, not eustatic, level that counts=20 >operationally, and the >Caribbean and much of the Indo-Pacific have different local sea level=20 >histories). >That accounts for a lot of sediment build-up (with or without human=20 >intervention), >and I suggest that a number of areas may 'simply' have reached a critica= l=20 >threshold >in terms of the inventory or load of resuspendable sediment. A glance a= t the >Pleistocene sea level curve will show why corals and reefs are not neces= sarily >adapted to this kind of environment. > >I put 'simply' in quotes above to underline Katharina's point that it ne= ver is >simple -- in this case, one of the complicating human factors is change = in the >ocean climate. As I understand it, a number of regions of the oceans ha= ve=20 >shown >significant increases in mean wave height over the past few decades. Th= is=20 >is the >resuspension driver, so it may be that either natural climate cycling or >human-induced climate change have pushed the sediment resuspension effec= ts=20 >across >the threshold very recently. > >This underlines a point that I hope was obvious from the earlier=20 >discussions -- >reef researchers need to understand some oceanography, as well as issues= of >large-scale dynamics (the latter comment is a shameless plug for an upco= ming >special issue of Coral Reefs -- sorry). > >It also puts some other perspectives on the questions of reef doom and=20 >what to do >about it. Note that I am going to talk about a particular variable or su= ite of >variables, and do not intend to imply that there aren't others, that=20 >people aren't >problems, etc. >1. 'Land sources' in the real-time sense may not be as big a sediment=20 >issue as >often supposed. Most large and medium -sized drainage basins have had=20 >their water >flow (for sure) and sediment discharge (proabably but not always) reduce= d and >regulated by damming and diversion. Local coastal runoff and=20 >small/undeveloped >basins have the potential for dramatic increases in sediment load in=20 >response to >land use and cover changes, but the acute effects of these are often=20 >localized near >shore (although there is the general contribution to shelf sediment load= =20 >build-up). > >2. There is no realistic prospect of modifying either the coastal zone=20 >sediment >inventory or the marine energy regime, so -- if this formulation is vali= d -- >chronic sediment stresses in most offshore areas may be something that=20 >simply has >to be lived (or died) with. This implies a focus on understanding its=20 >contribution >to multi-stress synergism in hopes of finding a different factor that ca= n be >managed to reduce the combined system impact. >3. Conservation/preservation: I have been beating the drum for a triag= e=20 >approach >to reef resarch conservation, and management, and I have also from time = to=20 >time >expressed a fondness for atolls (but outer-shelf reefs can be OK too). = I=20 >suggest >that this example reinforces both -- if continental reefs really have=20 >"timed out" >in terms of Holocene habitat development, the places to look for healthy= or at >least preservable systems are in very well-flushed, no-soft-sediment=20 >coastal areas >or away from terrigenous sediment sources (e.g., ocean islands, especial= ly=20 >with >small land mass). >4. Research implications: This point goes beyond the sediment=20 >resuspension issue >to the larger question of combined (and especially land-derived)=20 >threats. The idea >of chronic stress build-up to a threshold transition that we are now obs= erving >implies not only that we are not currently working on normal or 'healthy= '=20 >systems, >but also that what we take as our pre-transition baseline was probably=20 >seriously >affected at the subclinical level. This means that much of the coral=20 >lierature on >function and condition has to be interpreted very cautiously if one is=20 >interested >in determining 'normal' or 'optimal' function. Jeremy Jackson has made=20 >this point >with respect to anthropogenic ecosystem alterations; I propose extending= =20 >it to a >broader suite of 'natural cycle' considerations including sediment build= up on >shelves, the implications (for accomodation space and circulation, among= other >factors) of reef 'catch-up' with sea level, etc. > >All of which may help explain why I am of the opinion that most >'reefs-as-we-know-them' are on their way out of the picture, especially = if=20 >they are >closely associated with a major landmass. I would rather not use 'doome= d'=20 >as a >blanket statement, because I think there may be some (significantly alte= red) >oceanic survivors. The moral of the story: Go to sea. > >Bob Buddemeier > >Katharina Fabricius wrote: > > > Hi Bob and others, > > > > at present the general assumption seems to be (at least here locally)= that > > turbidity is driven by physics, ie, resuspension forced by wave heigh= t, > > depth, and particle sizes. However, present-day levels of erosion of = soils > > and discharge of sediments may increase in some areas the amount and > > proportion of clay and other fine material, which creates greater tur= bidity > > and remains suspended for longer than equal concentrations of larger > > particles. Together with a group under Terry Done at AIMS, we just st= arted > > looking into modelling it all spatially, to create some sort of "turb= idity > > risk map" for the GBR (and we'd appreciate any thoughts/suggestions/ > > contributions about this). > > > > I also have data which show that both sediment quality (eg, concentra= tions > > of transparent exopolymer particles) as well as short-term exposure t= o > > sedimentation (hours to days) are important factors influencing the s= cope > > of coral reefs to be recolonised by corals, and these two factors are= often > > not part of the lines of argumentation put forward by some sedimentol= gists. > > > > With regards to the debate of whether global climate change, increasi= ng > > CO2, or run-off are the "greatest" threat to coral reefs, I am gettin= g > > worried that we may not be getting anywhere with single-cause explana= tions: > > the coral reef ecosystem is so complex that reefs are dying of a thou= sand > > cuts rather than of just one single cause, as each individual species= and > > life stage has its own little sensitivities to one or the other of th= e > > human alterations of their environment - and what will suffer first i= s > > biodiversity. But I'm also convinced that run-off is hampering the ca= pacity > > of reefs to recover from all sorts of disturbances: adult corals can = handle > > relatively high loads of nutrients and sediments, but recruits don't.= Once > > the adults are wiped out by COTS or bleaching, we'll wake up if the > > juveniles are missing. That's what I'm observing here in some near-sh= ore > > areas of the GBR close to intense land use at present (but again, we = need > > to be cautios coming to any single-cause conclusions about our low ju= venile > > numbers: we don't have historic data on previous juvenile densities n= or on > > larvae supplies vs surviviorships from the region). > > > > Regards, > > Katharina > > (for people how may want to send me questions/comments: please apolog= ise > > delays in my replies, I'm off to Palau tomorrow for 3 weeks) > > > > At 09:59 AM 2/10/01 -0500, you wrote: > > >Katharina, or anyone -- > > > > > >Do you have either estimates or expert-judgement opinions on the rel= ative > > >extent > > >to which (or the geographic areas in which) the observed=20 > high-turbidity areas > > >are primarily related to: > > >a. medium or large river discharge; > > >b. stream, small river or open coast runoff; or > > >c. local resuspension of existing sediments? > > > > > >Getting some idea of the relative importance of these components of = the > > >turbidity forcing is critical to deriving impact predictions from cl= imate, > > >wave, > > >and land-use models. > > > > > >Thanks, > > > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > > > >Katharina Fabricius wrote: > > > > > > > Another, recently published study from the Indo-Pacific province,= =20 > in which > > > > we looked at the effects of increasing turbidity on biodiversity: > > > > > > > > Fabricius KE & De'ath G (2001) Biodiversity on the Great Barrier = Reef: > > > > Large-scale patterns and turbidity-related local loss of soft cor= al=20 > taxa. > > > > Pp 127 - 144 in: Wolanski E (ed) Oceanographic processes of coral= =20 > reefs: > > > > physical and biological links in the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Pres= s,=20 > London. > > > > > > > > The article is best to be read in the original book which contain= s a CD > > > > with the colour images and animations of processes. In our chapte= r, we > > > > present a spatial model of increasing turbidtiy (originating from= a > > > > single-point-discharge), related to decreasing biodiversity.=20 > However I'm > > > > happy to send out free reprints in paper form (black & white prin= t) or > > > > electronically (colour). > > > > > > > > Abstract: > > > > Spatial patterns and abiotic controls of soft coral biodiversity = were > > > > determined from an extensive reef surveys on the Great Barrier Re= ef=20 > (GBR). > > > > Taxonomic inventories of soft corals, and estimates of cover of t= he=20 > major > > > > benthos forms and of the physical environment, were obtained from= 161 > > > > reefs, spread relatively evenly along and across the whole GBR.=20 > Reefs on > > > > the mid-shelf between latitude 13=B0 and 16=B0 represented the "h= otspot" of > > > > taxonomic richness in soft corals on the GBR. Overlapping=20 > distributions of > > > > in-shore and off-shore taxa maximised richness on mid-shelf reefs. > > > > Taxonomic richness decreased with increasing latitude, and was lo= w and > > > > relatively even across the shelf south of 21=B0 lat. Soft coral=20 > richness was > > > > strongly depressed in areas of high turbidity. It was also weakly > > > > positively related to the amount of sediment deposited, and stron= gly > > > > increased with depth. Total cover of hard corals and soft corals=20 > was poorly > > > > explained by physical and spatial variables, however both varied = with > > > depth. > > > > The findings presented here have three major management=20 > implications: (1) > > > > Turbidity and sedimentation affect the generic richness of soft c= orals. > > > > Reefs with highest soft coral richness are < 20 km from the coast= , well > > > > within the range of terrestrial run-off, and hence a loss of=20 > biodiversity > > > > could result if turbidity increases due to land use practices whi= ch > > > > generate soil loss; (2) Taxonomic composition is more strongly=20 > related to > > > > environmental conditions than total hard and soft coral cover.=20 > Taxonomic > > > > inventories are thus better indicators of environmental condition= s and > > > > human impacts than are assessments of total cover. (3) Richness a= nd=20 > cover > > > > change more within a single site between 0 and 18 m depth, than b= etween > > > > reefs hundreds of kilometers apart along the shelf at the same de= pth. > > > > Valuable additional information can be gained in a cost-efficient= =20 > way if > > > > monitoring and survey programs covered several depth zones rather= =20 > than a > > > > single depth. > > > > > > > > Regards, > > > > > > > > Katharina Fabricius > > > > > > > >=20 > <+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+><+><\\//><+= > > > Dr. Katharina Fabricius > > Research Scientist > > Australian Institute of Marine Science > > PMB 3, Townsville Qld 4810, Australia > > Fax +61 - 7 - 4772 5852 > > Phone +61 - 7 - 4753 4412 or 4758 1979 > > email k.fabricius@email.aims.gov.au > > http://www.aims.gov.au > > http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/~crcreef > > > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 08:48:52 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA27117; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 08:48:51 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA14615; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:46:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014599; Wed, 3 Oct 01 12:46:14 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN2FR00.MHS for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:43:03 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN2VQ00.2L3; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:52:38 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA19649; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:52:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAQUa4xM; Wed, 3 Oct 01 12:52:36 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA14310 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 16:46:48 GMT Message-Id: <200110031646.QAA14310@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2001 10:00:59 -0400 From: Trish Hunt To: Coral-List Subject: A little education please? Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 902 I am hoping someone can tell me if corals, specifically plate corals (Heliofungia actiniformis ?) can recuperate from tissue damage? A particular specimen I have in my home aquarium (please don�t cringe too hard) wasn�t attached to its rock as well as I thought and had fallen over upside down onto my piping. After setting it right-side up, a small section of the tentacles appear to be damaged in that they are remaining shrunken up, coupled with darker discoloration; but the rest of the animal has extended its tentacles and is �behaving� normally. Is it possible the damaged tentacles will recover or replace themselves? Is death of the entire coral (est. 5in. diameter) imminent? Is there anything I can do to help it at all? I know many of you cringe at the aquarium industry, but I am keeping this aquarium and just now beginning to keep corals so that I may learn more about their care pending the possibility of necessity of collecting corals and other life forms from a particular area pending a beach restoration project that threatens to bury near shore hardbottom habitat. Neither the county nor the state wants to admit that corals exist in this area or that salutation will have adverse effects on the reef habitat. I had come up with the idea of collecting what I can if the project is permitted, �babysitting� what I collect until the silt settles after project completion, and then relocating the organisms to their original location. This idea was solidified in my brain and in my heart when I had seen others from other regions of the world asking about coral transplantation after dredging projects. If people from other countries are transplanting corals, why not Americans? Why not me? ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 09:11:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA27897; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 09:11:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA15334; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:08:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015319; Wed, 3 Oct 01 13:07:54 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN3FV00.2IH for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:04:43 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN3RE00.DXG; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:11:38 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA12853; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:11:37 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAvlaygz; Wed, 3 Oct 01 10:11:37 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA14531 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 17:07:21 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA14677 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:06:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 380; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:08:28 -0500 Message-ID: <3BBB458F.D46DAAA3@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 12:06:23 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "Alina M. Szmant" CC: buddrw@KU.EDU, Katharina Fabricius , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> <5.1.0.14.2.20011003120426.02c18a30@pop.uncwil.edu> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 903 Alina et al. -- 1. Conrad and Ian covered most of the basic points, but I think that what is potentially a new twist is considering the role of the build up of specifically terrigenous sediment (more fines) as a regional, as well as a local lagoon-specific phenomenon. 2. Your wind comments fit will with my memory of encountering the increased wave height findings somewhere -- alas, location forgotten. There are a lot of climate and ocean data available if one pokes around the web... 3. My callous pragmatism says that if all of the factors are operating against a reef, the manager should flick it in and find something that promises to respond better to management -- and that's especially true if any of the stresses are long-term endogenous factors, as existing sediment load could turn out to be. If we try to save everything we may wind up saving nothing, especially in few of the apparently inevitable increase in some of the stress factors (committed warming and CO2 effects). It seems obvious from the exchanges that a lot of us have ideas and observations we never got around to publishing -- maybe the question is how we turn the discussion thread into a minireview of some sort (?). Bob "Alina M. Szmant" wrote: > Bob and others: > > Conrad Neumann and Ian MacIntyre published the phrase years ago about > coral reefs being "shot in the back by their own lagoons" Proc 5th Internat > Coral Reef Congr, Tahiti 1985: vol 3 pg 105-110), which is the Holocene > sea level scenario you described in your email. I agree that for some > areas (such as Florida Keys) resuspended sediment is a major factor > limiting coral recruitment (especially sand-blasting by coarse sediments > during winter storms) and this may have been happening for decades if not > longer and thus be one reason why patch reefs in Fl Keys often have higher > coral cover and diversity than more offshore (exposed) reefs inspite of the > lower water quality (turbidity etc) closer to shore (see Miller et all, > Coral Reefs vol 19 (2)). I am always amazed at the high numbers of coral > recruits we see on these inshore patch reefs ins spite of what the text > books tell us are unfavorable conditions. However, bioerosion is likely > higher inshore and not many of these patch reefs amount to much. > > I have a hypothesis that I have been bandying around for a few years that > it's been more windy since the mid 1980s and 1990s which could be an effect > of global warming (more heat, more wind) [this is based on a gut impression > that in spite of having bigger and better boats than I had access to in the > 1970's, we have more days that we are weathered out now than a few decades > back]. More frequent or more severe storms all year long could result in > lower overall water clarity in areas like the Florida Keys where there is > lots of sediment to resuspend (I gave a presentation about all this in > Bali, but mea culpa, mea culpa I haven't written it up yet). If those of > you that like to work with climate data would have access to good wind > records, I suggest someone look at the frequency and duration of higher > wind events over the past 50 years or more, by passing the data thru some > kind of filter that looks for the higerh energy events (e.g. 15+ knots for > 24+ hrs): it takes a minimum period of high winds to really get things > stirred up, but if the rough conditions persist for too long, suspended > sediments are likely flushed out of the system). Thus, not enough > resuspension could result in fine sediments building up to eventually > become a problem (nutrients will also build up); frequent moderate energy > events may make the system turbid a lot of the time depending on whether > net flow rids the system of the resuspended fines; occasional major events > help flush the system of both sediments and nutrients. Thus wind regimes > (and their change over time as climate changes) could make a big difference > in the environment conditions reefs have to deal with, and their "health". > > Again, things are much more complicated than one-factor causality, and the > various factors work at different time and spatial scales. Effects of > elevated temperatures and over-fishing strike pretty much everywhere which > is why I think they are at the top of my list of what needs to be addressed > by managers; sediments and nutrients are very important in some areas and > not others, and should be addressed where appropriate. Some poor reef > areas have all of the above impacting them and that is real sad. I agree > with those that write that we shouldn't try to make our favorite cause of > decline be accepted by everyone as THE ONE to be concerned about, but I > think we do need a scientifically founded way to attribute relative effects > because whether we like it or not, that is what the managers need. > > Alina Szmant > > At 06:57 AM 10/03/2001 -0500, Bob Buddemeier wrote: > >List -- > > > >Comment first, then some more discussion of (mostly sediment-related) issues. > > > >Special thanks to Katharina and Alina for their observations and comments. > >Katharina is right on with her comments on single variable arguments -- > >the problem > >is, we have to understand the variables one by one to get to the point of > >effective > >integration, and that seems to tempt a lot of people into the > >all-or-nothing false > >dichotomy. Another problem is the gravitation toward polar positions: > >"reefs are > >doomed real soon because people are killing them off" vs "not too worry, > >they're > >robust and it's just a natural fluctuation." The first is a very slightly > >more > >credible position than the second, I think, but only slightly, and the > >most useful > >synthesis combines and is offset from that discussional axis. > > > >Turbidity and sediment are good examples. Without claiming that they are > >totally > >generalizable, let's take the recent contributions to the discussion to > >show that > >resuspension of sediment (as opposed to new input) is a significant stress > >factor. > >I suggest that this is at least partly a 'natural cycle' > >development. Continental > >shelves and shallow coastal areas are excellent sediment traps, retaining > >a lot of > >what comes off the land. Our present situation is geologically and > >environmentally > >anomalous -- a relatively stable 3-6,000 year sea level high stand (the > >range of > >times is because it's local, not eustatic, level that counts > >operationally, and the > >Caribbean and much of the Indo-Pacific have different local sea level > >histories). > >That accounts for a lot of sediment build-up (with or without human > >intervention), > >and I suggest that a number of areas may 'simply' have reached a critical > >threshold > >in terms of the inventory or load of resuspendable sediment. A glance at the > >Pleistocene sea level curve will show why corals and reefs are not necessarily > >adapted to this kind of environment. > > > >I put 'simply' in quotes above to underline Katharina's point that it never is > >simple -- in this case, one of the complicating human factors is change in the > >ocean climate. As I understand it, a number of regions of the oceans have > >shown > >significant increases in mean wave height over the past few decades. This > >is the > >resuspension driver, so it may be that either natural climate cycling or > >human-induced climate change have pushed the sediment resuspension effects > >across > >the threshold very recently. > > > >This underlines a point that I hope was obvious from the earlier > >discussions -- > >reef researchers need to understand some oceanography, as well as issues of > >large-scale dynamics (the latter comment is a shameless plug for an upcoming > >special issue of Coral Reefs -- sorry). > > > >It also puts some other perspectives on the questions of reef doom and > >what to do > >about it. Note that I am going to talk about a particular variable or suite of > >variables, and do not intend to imply that there aren't others, that > >people aren't > >problems, etc. > >1. 'Land sources' in the real-time sense may not be as big a sediment > >issue as > >often supposed. Most large and medium -sized drainage basins have had > >their water > >flow (for sure) and sediment discharge (proabably but not always) reduced and > >regulated by damming and diversion. Local coastal runoff and > >small/undeveloped > >basins have the potential for dramatic increases in sediment load in > >response to > >land use and cover changes, but the acute effects of these are often > >localized near > >shore (although there is the general contribution to shelf sediment load > >build-up). > > > >2. There is no realistic prospect of modifying either the coastal zone > >sediment > >inventory or the marine energy regime, so -- if this formulation is valid -- > >chronic sediment stresses in most offshore areas may be something that > >simply has > >to be lived (or died) with. This implies a focus on understanding its > >contribution > >to multi-stress synergism in hopes of finding a different factor that can be > >managed to reduce the combined system impact. > >3. Conservation/preservation: I have been beating the drum for a triage > >approach > >to reef resarch conservation, and management, and I have also from time to > >time > >expressed a fondness for atolls (but outer-shelf reefs can be OK too). I > >suggest > >that this example reinforces both -- if continental reefs really have > >"timed out" > >in terms of Holocene habitat development, the places to look for healthy or at > >least preservable systems are in very well-flushed, no-soft-sediment > >coastal areas > >or away from terrigenous sediment sources (e.g., ocean islands, especially > >with > >small land mass). > >4. Research implications: This point goes beyond the sediment > >resuspension issue > >to the larger question of combined (and especially land-derived) > >threats. The idea > >of chronic stress build-up to a threshold transition that we are now observing > >implies not only that we are not currently working on normal or 'healthy' > >systems, > >but also that what we take as our pre-transition baseline was probably > >seriously > >affected at the subclinical level. This means that much of the coral > >lierature on > >function and condition has to be interpreted very cautiously if one is > >interested > >in determining 'normal' or 'optimal' function. Jeremy Jackson has made > >this point > >with respect to anthropogenic ecosystem alterations; I propose extending > >it to a > >broader suite of 'natural cycle' considerations including sediment buildup on > >shelves, the implications (for accomodation space and circulation, among other > >factors) of reef 'catch-up' with sea level, etc. > > > >All of which may help explain why I am of the opinion that most > >'reefs-as-we-know-them' are on their way out of the picture, especially if > >they are > >closely associated with a major landmass. I would rather not use 'doomed' > >as a > >blanket statement, because I think there may be some (significantly altered) > >oceanic survivors. The moral of the story: Go to sea. > > > >Bob Buddemeier > > > > ~~~~~~~ > > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 09:13:10 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA27955; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 09:13:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA15401; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:10:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(192.111.123.248) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015364; Wed, 3 Oct 01 13:09:59 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA14701 for coris-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 17:13:36 GMT Received: from luna.ngdc.noaa.gov (luna.ngdc.noaa.gov [192.149.148.121]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA14672 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:13:29 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov (dinictis [192.149.148.252]) by luna.ngdc.noaa.gov (8.9.3/8.9.1) with ESMTP id LAA13479 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:13:22 -0600 (MDT) Message-ID: <3BBB4714.3263F3F2@noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 11:12:52 -0600 From: Mark Mc Caffrey X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.78 [en] (Windows NT 5.0; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 CC: coris@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: My Two Cents: CoRIS Engine References: <3BBB3697.909616AD@noaa.gov> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coris@aoml.noaa.gov Precedence: first-class Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 904 Tom: Agreed. Why develop metadata in the first place if it doesn't point directly to the data? Mark McCaffrey Lapointe_Tom wrote: > To CoRIS Working Group members: > > Yesterday, I spent a good deal of time with the CoRIS search engine. > Considerable progress has been made. Everyone involved should pleased > that we have an engine in place that the group can comment on. > > I have one major comment at this stage. When I searched for CoRIS data > in southern Florida, I found nine items ranging from bleaching reports > to anomaly charts. Clicking on the "Retrieve Full Record" link, > provided me with the metadata record and a URL. The URLs were > inconsistent, some going directly to products, some going to general > home pages, and others going to section pages. > > I think that focusing on the metadata record as the primary output might > be putting the cart before the horse. Just because the metadata drive > the search engine does not mean that the metadata record should be the > primary viewer to the product. Our experience in NOS is that users are > primarily interested in the product, not the metadata. The metadata > must be available as supportive information, but the product is first. > I also think that focusing on the actual product will force us to "drill > down to real products" rather than list generic home pages, or general > sections of Web sites. It will also identify shortcomings in the > metadata records themselves. > > The same was true in the library photo gallery. What does the user > really want to see: a photograph with a caption, or the metadata > record? We all know the answer to that one. > > Now that we have a working search engine, I believe that we need the > discipline of looking at things through a product perspective. This is > not a issue for the technical team; it is an issue for the entire > working group. > > My two cents, probably worth less > > -Tom > > -- > Tom La Pointe > 1305 East-West Highway (SSMC4/Room 9537) > Silver Spring, MD 20910 > Phone: 301-713-3000x168, Fax: 301-713-4384, Email: Tom.Lapointe@noaa.gov > > ~~~~~~~ > To unsubscribe from the CoRIS list, please send "unsubscribe" > in the body of a message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov. -- Mark McCaffrey Science Communications Specialist NOAA Paleoclimatology Program/National Geophysical Data Center 325 Broadway, E/GC DSRC Room 1B704 Boulder, CO 80305-3328 E-mail: mark.mccaffrey@noaa.gov Phone: 303.497.6939 Fax: 303.497.6513 ~~~~~~~ To unsubscribe from the CoRIS list, please send "unsubscribe" in the body of a message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 09:28:14 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA28358; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 09:28:13 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA15788; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:25:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015782; Wed, 3 Oct 01 13:25:19 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN48X00.SI1 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:22:09 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN4OV00.2MM; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:31:43 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA27134; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:31:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAnCaa_0; Wed, 3 Oct 01 13:31:42 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA14785 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 17:26:02 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.ncep.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA14767 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:25:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN4EU00.5DN; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:25:42 -0400 Message-ID: <3BBB4A1D.801F7974@noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 13:25:49 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "Alina M. Szmant" CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, William Skirving , Janice Lough Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> <5.1.0.14.2.20011003120426.02c18a30@pop.uncwil.edu> Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------A0B101F1DCABF039392D50D2" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 905 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------A0B101F1DCABF039392D50D2 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Alina -- An interesting observation.....Folks we have been working with in the GBR see evidence of increased pressure offshore in the recent decade....does this mean greater sea-breezes from increased ocean-land temperature/pressure differences? It may also have something to do with PDO...that the latest GRL tells us is equatorally driven!? We hope to be looking at this more closely in the years ahead... Cheers, Al "Alina M. Szmant" wrote: > Bob and others: > ... > I have a hypothesis that I have been bandying around for a few years that > it's been more windy since the mid 1980s and 1990s which could be an effect > of global warming (more heat, more wind) [this is based on a gut impression > that in spite of having bigger and better boats than I had access to in the > 1970's, we have more days that we are weathered out now than a few decades > back]. More frequent or more severe storms all year long could result in > lower overall water clarity in areas like the Florida Keys where there is > lots of sediment to resuspend (I gave a presentation about all this in > Bali, but mea culpa, mea culpa I haven't written it up yet). If those of > you that like to work with climate data would have access to good wind > records, I suggest someone look at the frequency and duration of higher > wind events over the past 50 years or more, by passing the data thru some > kind of filter that looks for the higerh energy events (e.g. 15+ knots for > 24+ hrs): it takes a minimum period of high winds to really get things > stirred up, but if the rough conditions persist for too long, suspended > sediments are likely flushed out of the system). Thus, not enough > resuspension could result in fine sediments building up to eventually > become a problem (nutrients will also build up); frequent moderate energy > events may make the system turbid a lot of the time depending on whether > net flow rids the system of the resuspended fines; occasional major events > help flush the system of both sediments and nutrients. Thus wind regimes > (and their change over time as climate changes) could make a big difference > in the environment conditions reefs have to deal with, and their "health". > ... > > Alina Szmant **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------A0B101F1DCABF039392D50D2 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------A0B101F1DCABF039392D50D2-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 10:20:39 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA29607; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:20:38 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA16972; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:18:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016958; Wed, 3 Oct 01 14:18:19 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN6P800.3GZ for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:15:08 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN75700.HOV; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:24:43 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA07178; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:24:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAKPa4ao; Wed, 3 Oct 01 14:24:42 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA14769 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 18:17:55 GMT Received: from exchange.intec-hou.com ([63.165.44.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA14622 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:17:34 -0400 (EDT) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft Exchange V6.0.4712.0 content-class: urn:content-classes:message MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Subject: DEEPWATER CARBONATE PINNACLES Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:17:00 -0500 Message-ID: Thread-Topic: DEEPWATER CARBONATE PINNACLES Thread-Index: AcFMN5hidNQw3kIeSsKGGImcEyh1jg== From: "David Philliskirk" To: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA14854 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 906 I am attempting to quantify twilight zone corals and correlate to deepwater carbonate pinnacles (600 ft +). I believe that there have been corals recoded at abyssal depths on the West coast of Scotland. I seek references to deepwater corals and in particular, references for the Gulf of Mexico. Thanks ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 10:51:54 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA00508; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 10:51:54 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA17892; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:49:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017866; Wed, 3 Oct 01 14:48:50 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN84300.NHO for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:45:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKN8FM00.60M; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:52:34 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA28729; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:52:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPWaGg4; Wed, 3 Oct 01 11:52:33 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA14938 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 18:48:51 GMT Received: from austinx.pbsj.com (smtp-bu.pbsj.com [12.5.152.57]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA14974 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 14:48:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: by AUSTINX with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id <4F6XX8LK>; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:44:19 -0500 Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3F34@MIAMIMBX> From: "Precht, Bill" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: FW: Coral disease Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2001 13:48:45 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 907 Dear Coral List: Many of you are familar with the wonderful coral reef book entitled "The Enchanted Braid" by Osha Grey Davidson that was published a few years ago... Well he has a new book that was just released yesterday... It is entitled "Fire in the Turtle House" (see attached hotlinks)... I think this will be a must read for both scientists and those who just care about the oceans... cheers to all, Bill William F. Precht, P.G. Ecological Sciences Program Manager PBS&J 2001 NW 107th Avenue Miami, FL 33172 305-592-7275 fax:305-594-9574 1-800-597-7275 bprecht@pbsj.com "Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 11:53:36 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA02209; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 11:53:36 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA19527; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:51:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019520; Wed, 3 Oct 01 15:50:22 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKNAYO00.NHX for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:47:12 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKNBA700.42J; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:54:07 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA09607; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 12:54:06 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAOnaqWs; Wed, 3 Oct 01 12:54:06 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA15020 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:50:23 GMT Received: from orcinus.mote.org (orcinus.mote.org [216.142.140.56]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA15084 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:50:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from teach.mote.org ([216.141.219.194] helo=EMM1) by orcinus.mote.org with esmtp (Exim 3.31 #1) id 15os1o-0007XF-00 for Coral-List@reef.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 03 Oct 2001 15:50:00 -0400 Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:44:48 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) From: Erich Mueller To: Coral List Subject: Fire in the Turtle House Message-ID: X-X-Sender: emueller@orcinus.mote.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII X-Scanner: exiscan *15os1o-0007XF-00*9MTxnkF/mQU* http://duncanthrax.net/exiscan/ Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 908 Dear All, I would like to second Bill Precht's comments regarding Osha Gray Davidson's new book, "Fire in the Turtle House." Although focused on the plight of sea turtles and the rise of fibropapilloma incidence, Osha brings in some of the other problems of marine epizootics as well. Like the "Enchanted Braid", his earlier book on reef issues, Osha has carefully and eloquently described marine issues to bring them to a wide audience. Hopefully, policemakers and those that fund marine research are listening... I have repeated the Web sites that Bill listed. Osha is beginning his tour very shortly; check the site below to see if he will be in your area. Erich Mueller "Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director Phone: (305) 745-2729 Mote Marine Laboratory FAX: (305) 745-2730 Center for Tropical Research Email: emueller@mote.org 24244 Overseas Highway (US 1) Summerland Key, FL 33042 Center Website-> http://www.mote.org/~emueller/CTRHome.phtml Mote Marine Laboratory Website-> http://www.mote.org Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional policy unless so indicated. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 15:31:13 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA05842; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 15:31:13 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA23841; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:28:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023837; Wed, 3 Oct 01 19:28:27 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKNL2500.EI9 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:25:17 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKNLI200.0ZX; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:34:50 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA28690; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:34:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA0xaaa4; Wed, 3 Oct 01 19:34:49 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA04407 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 23:27:35 GMT Received: from femail27.sdc1.sfba.home.com (femail27.sdc1.sfba.home.com [24.254.60.17]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA04368 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:27:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from c27294-b.oshadavidson.com ([24.182.69.152]) by femail27.sdc1.sfba.home.com (InterMail vM.4.01.03.20 201-229-121-120-20010223) with ESMTP id <20011003232655.PGDE10548.femail27.sdc1.sfba.home.com@c27294-b.oshadavidson.com> for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 16:26:55 -0700 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011003181234.00b1b930@mail.oshadavidson.com> X-Sender: osha@mail.oshadavidson.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 18:26:39 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Osha Gray Davidson Subject: Turtle Book Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 909 Dear List-Members, I was planning on writing my own message about my book, but Bill and Erich beat me to it. Yes, it's about sea turtles and the disease that's killing them. But it's also a way to discuss the implications of a possible increase in marine epidemics--including those that have devastated corals in many areas (including White Band Disease and in the Caribbean.) The thesis of the book is that anthropogenic changes--many of them currently under discussion in the "are reefs doomed?" thread--may be creating a "pathogen friendly" environment that threatens biodiversity in coastal waters. There's a lot more to it than that, of course, but that's the central theme and the turtle tumor disease is examined in that light. Thanks to the many list members who walked me through their areas of expertise, so that I could connect the dots. Of course, if I connected them improperly--that's my fault and not theirs. Cheers, Osha ================================ Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha@oshadavidson.com USA "Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 3 19:45:26 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA07702; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 19:45:25 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA25129; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 23:43:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025125; Wed, 3 Oct 01 23:43:03 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKNWUG00.5K2 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 23:39:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKNXAG00.M47; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 23:49:28 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA16775; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 23:49:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAJzaWWG; Wed, 3 Oct 01 23:49:27 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA15620 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 03:42:37 GMT Received: from proxy2.ba.best.com (root@proxy2.ba.best.com [206.184.139.14]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA15684 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 23:42:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from orf.org (sdn-ar-002waseatP275.dialsprint.net [168.191.238.77]) by proxy2.ba.best.com (8.9.3/8.9.2/best.out) with ESMTP id UAA08132 for ; Wed, 3 Oct 2001 20:41:16 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <3BBBDA40.44848E75@orf.org> Date: Wed, 03 Oct 2001 20:40:49 -0700 From: Greg Carter X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.73 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Coral-List@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Fire in the Turtle House References: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 910 For those interested in ordering Osha's new book and at the same time helping marine conservation, you may place an order through the Oceanic Resource Foundation (ORF) bookstore at www.orf.org/bookstore.html and check out the new arrivals section. Some of the recent coarl reef publications are also listed. Best regards, Greg @ ORF Erich Mueller wrote: > Dear All, > > I would like to second Bill Precht's comments regarding Osha Gray > Davidson's new book, "Fire in the Turtle House." Although focused on the > plight of sea turtles and the rise of fibropapilloma incidence, Osha > brings in some of the other problems of marine epizootics as well. Like > the "Enchanted Braid", his earlier book on reef issues, Osha has > carefully and eloquently described marine issues to bring them to a wide > audience. Hopefully, policemakers and those that fund marine research > are listening... > > I have repeated the Web sites that Bill listed. Osha is beginning his tour > very shortly; check the site below to see if he will be in your area. > > Erich Mueller > > "Fire in the Turtle House" > http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html > > Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm > > The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org > > <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director Phone: (305) 745-2729 > Mote Marine Laboratory FAX: (305) 745-2730 > Center for Tropical Research Email: emueller@mote.org > 24244 Overseas Highway (US 1) > Summerland Key, FL 33042 > > Center Website-> http://www.mote.org/~emueller/CTRHome.phtml > > Mote Marine Laboratory Website-> http://www.mote.org > > Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional > policy unless so indicated. > > <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 03:11:54 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA10820; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 03:11:54 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA27487; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 07:09:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027483; Thu, 4 Oct 01 07:08:45 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOHHA00.AI7 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 07:05:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOHST00.NDW; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 04:12:29 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA20907; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 04:12:29 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1caq1O; Thu, 4 Oct 01 04:12:28 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA16219 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:07:04 GMT Received: from mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (mailsrv2.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.87.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA16406 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 07:06:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [134.106.175.35] (tupper.biologie.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.175.35]) by mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (8.11.1/8.11.3/20.02.2001) with ESMTP id f94B1JY26876 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:01:19 +0200 X-Sender: 6396460@mail.uni-oldenburg.de Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2001 12:59:32 +0200 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "christine.schoenberg" Subject: delbeek@waquarium.org X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id HAA16460 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id LAA16219 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 911 Charles Delbeek wrote: At 01:45 PM 10/1/2001 +0200, you wrote: > >they have all come up with the same answer: on "normal" reefs, > >bioerosion and calcification are in approximate balance. On most fring= ing > >reefs, subject to increasing terrestrial nutrient input, therefore, th= e > >balance has already been shifted towards destructive processes. > >This matches my own experiences when working on the Central Great Barrie= r >Reef, where the balance may still be better than most other places. We >still need to keep an eye on it though. > >The common sponge Cliona orientalis reacts to elevated nutrient conditio= ns. >_Extreme_ situations may have negative effects, however, so that the >sponge's growth is slowed. Bioerosion of this sponge appears to be enhan= ced >by a higher concentration of nutrients. This is a sponge, which is just >everywhere on Australian (and other Pacific) inshore reefs, which grows >over large surfaces, several m in diameter and which is able to invade l= ive >coral. It seems the word "nutrient" is a bit of a catch-all phrase when it comes to describing decline of reef organisms. Has some demarcation been demonstrated as to which "nutrients" have what negative effects i.e. organic vs. inorganic? nitrogen vs. phosphorous? increases of elements normally considered minor or trace? Aloha! J. Charles Delbeek Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium 2777 Kalakaua Ave. Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 808-923-9741 808-923-1771 FAX Dear Charles, even though sometimes a quick comment can be sufficient you are right to ask. I will elaborate for better understanding: I conducted one experiment at the Townsville Aquarium, being allowed to s= et up my sponge grafts in the two big exhibit tanks. The Aquarium provided m= e with data about water conditions in those tanks. Whereas the average nutrient level in the reef tank was 0.3 microMol NO2/3, the concentration was 600 microMol NO2/3 in the shark tank. I did not receive information about P-levels. Flow strength was between 13 and 31 cm/sec, depending on the site. My results indicated that higher flow rates were overall positi= ve for the sponge, whereas the very extreme nutrient condition in the shark tank generally affected the sponge negatively (lower growth rate), but it increased the bioerosion rate. Not all results were significant, however. Overall it can be said that the sponge survived and functioned in the sha= rk tank, despite the extreme conditions. The grafts grew onto and into the limestone blocks I attached them to. The experiment ran for about 7 month= s. There was another experiment where I investigated particle load (POM, measured by photometry and nutrient analysis of different components) as influence the sponge's functions. This experiment didn't work out the way= I wanted it, because the sponge grafts gradually died off in the tanks. However, they survived best in the tanks with filtered seawater and in th= e tanks, which contained particle-enriched seawater. This is a somewhat puzzling result, but there may be a trade-off between benefits from the symbiotic zooxanthellae and the filter feeding. Anyway, I didn't evaluate this experiment in detail, because of the poor results. I am presently busy preparing similar studies on bioeroding sponges and will keep people informed. Regards, Christine Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology Fachbereich 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg 26111 OLDENBURG GERMANY ph +49-441-7983373 fax +49-441-7983162 email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 06:05:55 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA14160; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 06:05:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA00857; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:03:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000788; Thu, 4 Oct 01 10:03:17 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOPK700.9K0 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:00:07 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOQ0700.6DB; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:09:43 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA12000; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:09:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAArbayAx; Thu, 4 Oct 01 10:09:42 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA05805 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 14:01:13 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA05692 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:00:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MyHost (empD-port15.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.21]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id JAA26898; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 09:56:16 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <008d01c14cdc$0e266d40$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: , "christine.schoenberg" References: Subject: Re: nutrients and interdisciplinarity Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2001 09:54:14 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 912 Hiya Christine. I was interested in your studies on C. Orientalis, and look forward to the rest of the stuff coming out. More and more, it appears to me that we are looking down the barrel of a gun that says "End-Oligocene Extinction Event." Or a parallel thereof. Some comments re nutrients: Yes, we often say "nutrients" when we mean "phosphates and nitrates." There is a conundrum here, however: after roughly 30 years' worth of nutrient studies on reefs, the picture of reef response to nutrients (a.k.a. phosphates and nitrates) is still unclear-and it should have been. (Am I the only one who has noticed this?) I think it is time for us to bite the bullet, and admit that phosphates and nitrates are only imperfect proxies of important biological processes. This will be a hard addiction to kick, because they are easy to measure, everyone does it...but it is time to start analysing the organics. Notwithstanding the notorious reluctance of the coral reef research community ever to agree on common methodology-I suggest that a reasonable start would be to adopt, as a first step, Chlorophll A column measurements as a water quality indicator. Then we could begin to winkle out cause-and-effect relations. Further comments on turbidity, suspension, resuspension, etc etc: this is why every coral reef research program has to include at least one sedimentologist. Those people had this all worked out decades ago, it's all in the sedimentology literature. Mike ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 06:45:16 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA15058; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 06:45:16 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA01947; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:42:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001939; Thu, 4 Oct 01 10:42:04 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKORCT00.GJR for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:38:53 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKORST00.CFL; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:48:29 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA18886; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:48:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAx8aG4K; Thu, 4 Oct 01 10:48:28 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA16928 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 14:40:49 GMT Received: from kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu [129.237.140.191]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA16947 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 10:40:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from kgs.ukans.edu ([129.237.141.106]) by kgsserver.kgs.ukans.edu (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id 393; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 09:42:24 -0500 Message-ID: <3BBC74CE.28578338@kgs.ukans.edu> Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2001 09:40:14 -0500 From: "Bob Buddemeier" Organization: KGS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Alan E Strong CC: William Skirving , "Alina M. Szmant" , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Janice Lough Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> <5.1.0.14.2.20011003120426.02c18a30@pop.uncwil.edu> <4.3.2.7.2.20011004093042.00d0c100@email.aims.gov.au> <3BBBD4A6.EBCDBB41@noaa.gov> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 913 William/list: Thanks -- I suspect this will be mirrored in other places when people look (by the way, it is analogous to findings that in some areas there has been a significant increase of the fraction of the total precipitation falling in relatively intense as opposed to mild and moderate events). Question -- relevance to bleaching is likely to depend on the seasonal distribution of the effect -- if it increases mixing in the normally warm and calm period of the year it could be really important, but if the changes primarily effect the seasons when things don't bleach anyway, not so. Do you have statistics on the wind distributions and pattern shifts relative to SST? Comment -- this has general implications for connectivity and disturbance, as well as the sediment resuspension and turbidity context in which the point was originally made. Bob Alan E Strong wrote: > William, > > A silver lining??...wonder how global change models are treating this? > > Al > > William Skirving wrote: > > > Hi Al and others, > > > > Yes we have found that the wind in the GBR region has been increasing > > (we've only looked at summer winds over the past 50 years). We think that > > it is because we are getting more highs and lows over our region during the > > summer, rather than having dominant lows. The transition between a high > > and low gives rise to increased pressure gradients and hence increased > > winds. This has been a steady increase over the past 50 years and seems to > > be correlated with increased temperatures (ie global warming). This is > > only statistical yet, and we have yet to put our finger on the exact cause. > > > > The high pressure events seem to be associated with increased ridging up > > the east coast of Australia, which is also a typical ENSO response. > > > > Now for the interesting stuff. There is a significant decrease in winds > > 0-10 km/h, a slight decrease in winds 11-20 km/h, a significant increase in > > winds 21-30 km/h, a slight increase in winds 31-40 km/h and no detectable > > change in winds greater than 40 km/h. > > > > So yes, we are seeing a change in winds which seems to be associated with > > global warming. > > > > This has interesting implications for coral bleaching, since more wind > > means more mixing, more mixing can mean less extreme SSTs and therefore > > potentially less coral bleaching! > > > > William Skirving > > > > At 01:25 PM 10/3/01 -0400, Alan E Strong wrote: > > >Alina -- An interesting observation.....Folks we have been working with in > > >the GBR > > >see evidence of increased pressure offshore in the recent decade....does > > >this mean > > >greater sea-breezes from increased ocean-land temperature/pressure > > >differences? It > > >may also have something to do with PDO...that the latest GRL tells us is > > >equatorally > > >driven!? > > > > > >We hope to be looking at this more closely in the years ahead... > > > > > >Cheers, > > >Al > > > > > >"Alina M. Szmant" wrote: > > > > > > > Bob and others: > > > > ... > > > > I have a hypothesis that I have been bandying around for a few years that > > > > it's been more windy since the mid 1980s and 1990s which could be an effect > > > > of global warming (more heat, more wind) [this is based on a gut impression > > > > that in spite of having bigger and better boats than I had access to in the > > > > 1970's, we have more days that we are weathered out now than a few decades > > > > back]. More frequent or more severe storms all year long could result in > > > > lower overall water clarity in areas like the Florida Keys where there is > > > > lots of sediment to resuspend (I gave a presentation about all this in > > > > Bali, but mea culpa, mea culpa I haven't written it up yet). If those of > > > > you that like to work with climate data would have access to good wind > > > > records, I suggest someone look at the frequency and duration of higher > > > > wind events over the past 50 years or more, by passing the data thru some > > > > kind of filter that looks for the higerh energy events (e.g. 15+ knots for > > > > 24+ hrs): it takes a minimum period of high winds to really get things > > > > stirred up, but if the rough conditions persist for too long, suspended > > > > sediments are likely flushed out of the system). Thus, not enough > > > > resuspension could result in fine sediments building up to eventually > > > > become a problem (nutrients will also build up); frequent moderate energy > > > > events may make the system turbid a lot of the time depending on whether > > > > net flow rids the system of the resuspended fines; occasional major events > > > > help flush the system of both sediments and nutrients. Thus wind regimes > > > > (and their change over time as climate changes) could make a big difference > > > > in the environment conditions reefs have to deal with, and their "health". > > > > ... > > > > > > > > Alina Szmant > > > > > >**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > > >Alan E. Strong > > >Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division > > >Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) > > >Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > > > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > > > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > > > 5200 Auth Road > > > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > > > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > > > 301-763-8102 x170 > > > FAX: 301-763-8572 > > > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > > > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Avenue Lawrence, KS 66047 USA Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 07:24:48 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA16264; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 07:24:47 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA03123; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:22:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003116; Thu, 4 Oct 01 11:22:22 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOT8000.PKE for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:19:12 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOTO000.VII; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:28:48 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA26154; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:28:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAOEaaeZ; Thu, 4 Oct 01 11:28:47 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA17073 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 15:19:55 GMT Received: from obiwan.terranova.net (obiwan.terranova.net [216.89.226.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA16988 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:19:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from gate.net (nurc.terranova.net [216.89.228.54]) by obiwan.terranova.net (Postfix) with ESMTP id A5E2A6CFCF3 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:19:24 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <3BBC7E23.CAD35F57@gate.net> Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2001 11:20:03 -0400 From: Steven Miller X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.61 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral list server Subject: Coral reefs doomed for sure? Continued Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------5A5ABF09B92C6BA7E5DB61A1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 914 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------5A5ABF09B92C6BA7E5DB61A1 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I've read with interest the recent email thread by the esteemed scientists who contributed their opinions and expertise about the causes of coral reef decline and the fate of coral reefs. Thanks to all who have taken the time (and have the nerve) to contribute in this public forum. My experience is related to what I've seen in the Caribbean and the work I've done in Florida. My experience also dates to the late 1970s before the devastation of white band disease and the loss of Diadema reshaped the way most reefs look and function in the Caribbean and Florida. Fishing was also significant as was coastal development back then, so I recognize and agree that multiple factors are responsible for coral reef decline. However, against this background of devastation and change I'd like to suggest a few positive things to help balance the gloom and doom. First, we have victories to claim related to new marine protected areas. And while it's uncertain what effect the MPAs will have on corals, we know that a result of protection will be more and larger fish, and increased numbers of invertebrates related to fishing and the aquarium trade. This is the most important positive ACTION being done to protect coral reefs at local and regional scales. Public support to establish marine reserves is strong, and fewer hurdles exist to establish reserves than are typically associated with trying to mitigate the effects of existing coastal development. Eventually, success stories related to the effectiveness of marine reserves will reinforce the public will to fight for more and larger reserves. Second, there will be battles to fight to save individual reefs that still survive in relatively good condition as developers try to claim more of the coast. There will be success stories here too. This is, I believe, what Bob was talking about when he said that we need to be selective about what reefs we try and save. As the current email thread suggests, a lot of effort is currently directed toward a big question - will coral reefs survive? Without getting into semantics about how to define a coral reef, the answer to this question is already clear for the previously widespread acropora-dominated Caribbean coral reefs: they are gone. A. palmata and A. cervicornis (the only two species of Acropora in the Caribbean, maybe three if you include A. prolifera) are not extinct but they are currently reduced to scattered fragments or remnants of their former abundance and distribution. Something similar happened when billions of trees were lost in the northeast and midwest, when Chestnut Blight and Dutch Elm Disease ravaged landscapes. But we still have forests because other species filled in. Unfortunately for Caribbean reefs, where coral species richness is limited, there are no replacement species for Acropora. By comparison, the Pacific has about 25 species of Acropora. Cycles of damage and recovery from storms and Acanthaster are well documented in the Pacific. Only declines are found in the Caribbean. The point here is that ecology matters too, especially related to species richness and the ability of a reef (or region) to recover - or not. Back to something positive. The distinction above highlighting the loss of the shallow Acropora reefs is important because there are vast stretches of shallow and deep hard-bottom communities throughout the Caribbean and Florida that are characterized by low hard coral cover that are probably little changed over the same time period, and these communities are extremely significant as a coastal resource. They may not fit some definitions of a coral reef, but they are extremely diverse and they support significant fisheries. They may also be sites where reefs develop in the future. Thus, the reefs that are typically described as the ones that need "saving" represent only a fraction of total coral habitat along most coasts. But people care about the pretty places. An important question to ask, spinning off from the larger debate about coral survival, is: can scientists contribute in a meaningful way to save or protect coral reefs? First, I think debate among coral reef scientists about survival at geologic vs. ecologic time scales, adaptation vs. acclimation, and even the definition of a coral reef while important within the discipline, does not help the public understand the problem, and it provides marginal help to managers faced with solving problems. The public doesn't know what to believe because they get nearly all their information from the press, and the press takes the easy way out by reporting conflict and controversy. This distracts from what I believe are important take-home messages about the condition of coral reefs, and their fate. Again, referencing the Caribbean, I think the public needs to know that it's already too late for most of the reefs people want to save. In Florida, the trajectory of many offshore reefs, previously dominated by Acroporids, is likely toward hard bottom communities. I'm sure this statement will throw the environmental advocacy groups into a fit. Note that the deeper reefs have been this way for thousands of years as evidenced by the thin Holocene veneer on top of the Pleistocene foundation. I believe that if people understand how bad things are then you have a chance to make them care. Unfortunately, few coral reef scientists are trained or talented enough to connect in meaningful ways with the public on a regular basis. But we must try. For what it's worth, a good example that I use that seems to resonate with public groups is related to the devastation of our "landscapes" caused by Dutch Elm Disease and Chestnut Blight (as mentioned above). Before and after pictures make a useful point about losing these trees to disease. I then show what's happened to our "seascape" in the Caribbean as a result of whiteband disease, blackband disease, White Plague Type II, AND coral bleaching. The before and after coral reef pictures are quite dramatic. The point is easy to make that the underwater coral reef realm has changed dramatically and most people are shocked when they learn the geographic scale of the problem. You might be surprised to learn that the public approves substantial funding to fight Dutch Elm Disease at local levels ($2 million alone in Winnipeg each year). A fraction of this amount is spent annually to study all coral diseases, and of course almost nothing is being done in a practical manner to understand the cause of coral disease, or to treat coral disease. Few marine scientists are even trained to address the coral disease challenges. After this example I find it easier to talk additionally about global change (warming, and yes, even carbonate chemistry) and pollution threats to reefs, and the value of coral reefs. So, one thing we can do is to talk (and write) about coral reefs in more public forums, explain factors affecting the loss and condition of coral reefs, and explain what we do and why it's important. If what you do isn't easily explained to the public, or relevant to their interests, you might consider diverting some of your effort to more relevant projects. I predict that funding agencies will be responsive to this approach. We need to talk more about marine reserves too. People respond to the idea that we need to protect the ocean like we protect National Parks. And we need to do more than just talk about reserves. As scientists, we better be ready with research programs to document what happens to our ocean when it's protected. We need to help managers with results that can be used to implement and maintain the next generation of protected areas. This is perhaps the greatest challenge to coral reef scientists and managers who want to do something practical and visible in their own lifetimes. So, talking and fighting for marine reserves are two more things we can do to help save the best reefs that remain. And our research programs should contribute to knowledge about how marine reserves function. But against a backdrop of perhaps overwhelming global influence does it really matter whether or not we engage in the fight to save coral reefs? In my opinion, yes. It's clear that we can make things worse at the local level by polluting and over fishing our coastal systems. For this reason it's important to fight these battles to give our existing best sites a chance to survive. Finally, coral reef scientists have been wrong before about the fate of coral reefs. The Acanthaster story is a good example, but I'm sure we could all tell stories about how we got something wrong during our careers. One of our former staff (Dave Ward) printed t-shirts after working several years with marine scientists, helping them dive, fixing their equipment, and running boats. The t-shirt quoted Einstein, "If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?" Dave's observation was classic and he couldn't print the shirts fast enough. So, what about the big questions asked and answered during the current email thread? Could corals adapt to warmer temperatures in meaningful ways? Maybe. Could we be surprised about what we don't know related to the saturation kinetics of carbonate in seawater and global warming? Maybe. Do disease resistant strains of coral exist that might repopulate our reefs in Florida? Maybe. Will Diadema recover? Maybe. Will innovative reef restoration methods ever scale up to the reef level? Maybe. Will the public embrace marine reserves? Probably (they already have). Will scientists discover important things about coral reef ecosystems as marine reserves mature? Probably. It seems to me that it's too early to give up on coral reefs. Spectacular reefs still exist in Florida and I'm sure that most on this list could say the same for places they know throughout the Caribbean. For now, there's too much work to be done that can still make a difference in our lives and the lives of our children. Regards to all. Steven Miller, Ph.D. Center Director National Undersea Research Center University of North Carolina at Wilmington --------------5A5ABF09B92C6BA7E5DB61A1 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="smiller.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Steven Miller Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="smiller.vcf" begin:vcard n:; x-mozilla-html:FALSE adr:;;;;;; version:2.1 end:vcard --------------5A5ABF09B92C6BA7E5DB61A1-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 07:52:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA16905; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 07:52:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA03720; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:49:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003712; Thu, 4 Oct 01 11:49:11 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOUGJ00.OKE for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:45:56 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOUS300.MO3; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 08:52:51 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA27613; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 08:52:51 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAw7aq51; Thu, 4 Oct 01 08:52:50 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA17223 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 15:49:37 GMT Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu (vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA17180 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 11:49:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01K93OQVYNQO94DT2A@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 04 Oct 2001 11:49:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01K93OQTZXP48Y4XTN@uncwil.edu>; Thu, 04 Oct 2001 11:49:02 -0400 (EDT) Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2001 11:47:31 -0400 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates In-reply-to: <4.3.2.7.2.20011004093042.00d0c100@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: William Skirving , Alan E Strong Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Janice Lough Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011004114553.00a57dc0@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed References: <3BBB4A1D.801F7974@noaa.gov> <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> <5.1.0.14.2.20011003120426.02c18a30@pop.uncwil.edu> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 915 Really interesting stuff!!! The increase in winds 21-30 km/h would be in the range that could result in a lot more resuspension of finer sediments (i.e. turbidity). Anyone doing such analyses for the Caribbean and Florida areas? Alina Szmant At 09:47 AM 10/04/2001 +1000, William Skirving wrote: >Hi Al and others, > >Yes we have found that the wind in the GBR region has been increasing >(we've only looked at summer winds over the past 50 years). We think that >it is because we are getting more highs and lows over our region during >the summer, rather than having dominant lows. The transition between a >high and low gives rise to increased pressure gradients and hence >increased winds. This has been a steady increase over the past 50 years >and seems to be correlated with increased temperatures (ie global >warming). This is only statistical yet, and we have yet to put our finger >on the exact cause. > >The high pressure events seem to be associated with increased ridging up >the east coast of Australia, which is also a typical ENSO response. > >Now for the interesting stuff. There is a significant decrease in winds >0-10 km/h, a slight decrease in winds 11-20 km/h, a significant increase >in winds 21-30 km/h, a slight increase in winds 31-40 km/h and no >detectable change in winds greater than 40 km/h. > >So yes, we are seeing a change in winds which seems to be associated with >global warming. > >This has interesting implications for coral bleaching, since more wind >means more mixing, more mixing can mean less extreme SSTs and therefore >potentially less coral bleaching! > > >William Skirving > > > >At 01:25 PM 10/3/01 -0400, Alan E Strong wrote: >>Alina -- An interesting observation.....Folks we have been working with >>in the GBR >>see evidence of increased pressure offshore in the recent decade....does >>this mean >>greater sea-breezes from increased ocean-land temperature/pressure >>differences? It >>may also have something to do with PDO...that the latest GRL tells us is >>equatorally >>driven!? >> >>We hope to be looking at this more closely in the years ahead... >> >>Cheers, >>Al >> >>"Alina M. Szmant" wrote: >> >> > Bob and others: >> > ... >> > I have a hypothesis that I have been bandying around for a few years that >> > it's been more windy since the mid 1980s and 1990s which could be an >> effect >> > of global warming (more heat, more wind) [this is based on a gut >> impression >> > that in spite of having bigger and better boats than I had access to >> in the >> > 1970's, we have more days that we are weathered out now than a few decades >> > back]. More frequent or more severe storms all year long could result in >> > lower overall water clarity in areas like the Florida Keys where there is >> > lots of sediment to resuspend (I gave a presentation about all this in >> > Bali, but mea culpa, mea culpa I haven't written it up yet). If those of >> > you that like to work with climate data would have access to good wind >> > records, I suggest someone look at the frequency and duration of higher >> > wind events over the past 50 years or more, by passing the data thru some >> > kind of filter that looks for the higerh energy events (e.g. 15+ knots for >> > 24+ hrs): it takes a minimum period of high winds to really get things >> > stirred up, but if the rough conditions persist for too long, suspended >> > sediments are likely flushed out of the system). Thus, not enough >> > resuspension could result in fine sediments building up to eventually >> > become a problem (nutrients will also build up); frequent moderate energy >> > events may make the system turbid a lot of the time depending on whether >> > net flow rids the system of the resuspended fines; occasional major events >> > help flush the system of both sediments and nutrients. Thus wind regimes >> > (and their change over time as climate changes) could make a big >> difference >> > in the environment conditions reefs have to deal with, and their "health". >> > ... >> > >> > Alina Szmant >> >>**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* >>Alan E. Strong >>Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division >>Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) >>Phys Scientist/Oceanographer >> NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 >> NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W >> 5200 Auth Road >> Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 >> Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov >> 301-763-8102 x170 >> FAX: 301-763-8572 >> http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 09:35:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA19661; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 09:35:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA06323; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:32:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006302; Thu, 4 Oct 01 13:32:09 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOZ8A00.9KT for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:28:58 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOZOA00.4LY; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:38:34 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA20557; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:38:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfvaajO; Thu, 4 Oct 01 13:38:32 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA17500 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 17:26:50 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.ncep.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA17509 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:26:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKOZ3Z00.4EU; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 13:26:23 -0400 Message-ID: <3BBC9BC7.703A1981@noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 04 Oct 2001 13:26:31 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Bob Buddemeier CC: William Skirving , "Alina M. Szmant" , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Janice Lough Subject: Re: Land based sources of pollution//source estimates References: <3.0.5.32.20011002102415.008fe320@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20011003141823.00d6fa60@email.aims.gov.au> <5.1.0.14.2.20011003120426.02c18a30@pop.uncwil.edu> <4.3.2.7.2.20011004093042.00d0c100@email.aims.gov.au> <3BBBD4A6.EBCDBB41@noaa.gov> <3BBC74CE.28578338@kgs.ukans.edu> Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------21AD7A9BF365666319043116" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 916 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------21AD7A9BF365666319043116 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Bob/William/list: All the more reason for an integrated activity for considering/utilizing many types of observations that have a bearing on reefs: SST Insolation Winds [QuickScat, etc.] Cloud cover Chlorophyll/turbidity Water level ... ' Cheers, Al Bob Buddemeier wrote: > William/list: > > Thanks -- I suspect this will be mirrored in other places when people look (by the > way, it is analogous to findings that in some areas there has been a significant > increase of the fraction of the total precipitation falling in relatively intense as > opposed to mild and moderate events). > > Question -- relevance to bleaching is likely to depend on the seasonal distribution > of the effect -- if it increases mixing in the normally warm and calm period of the > year it could be really important, but if the changes primarily effect the seasons > when things don't bleach anyway, not so. Do you have statistics on the wind > distributions and pattern shifts relative to SST? > > Comment -- this has general implications for connectivity and disturbance, as well as > the sediment resuspension and turbidity context in which the point was originally > made. > > Bob > > Alan E Strong wrote: > > > William, > > > > A silver lining??...wonder how global change models are treating this? > > > > Al > > > > William Skirving wrote: > > > > > Hi Al and others, > > > > > > Yes we have found that the wind in the GBR region has been increasing > > > (we've only looked at summer winds over the past 50 years). We think that > > > it is because we are getting more highs and lows over our region during the > > > summer, rather than having dominant lows. The transition between a high > > > and low gives rise to increased pressure gradients and hence increased > > > winds. This has been a steady increase over the past 50 years and seems to > > > be correlated with increased temperatures (ie global warming). This is > > > only statistical yet, and we have yet to put our finger on the exact cause. > > > > > > The high pressure events seem to be associated with increased ridging up > > > the east coast of Australia, which is also a typical ENSO response. > > > > > > Now for the interesting stuff. There is a significant decrease in winds > > > 0-10 km/h, a slight decrease in winds 11-20 km/h, a significant increase in > > > winds 21-30 km/h, a slight increase in winds 31-40 km/h and no detectable > > > change in winds greater than 40 km/h. > > > > > > So yes, we are seeing a change in winds which seems to be associated with > > > global warming. > > > > > > This has interesting implications for coral bleaching, since more wind > > > means more mixing, more mixing can mean less extreme SSTs and therefore > > > potentially less coral bleaching! > > > > > > William Skirving > > > > > > At 01:25 PM 10/3/01 -0400, Alan E Strong wrote: > > > >Alina -- An interesting observation.....Folks we have been working with in > > > >the GBR > > > >see evidence of increased pressure offshore in the recent decade....does > > > >this mean > > > >greater sea-breezes from increased ocean-land temperature/pressure > > > >differences? It > > > >may also have something to do with PDO...that the latest GRL tells us is > > > >equatorally > > > >driven!? > > > > > > > >We hope to be looking at this more closely in the years ahead... > > > > > > > >Cheers, > > > >Al > > > > > > > >"Alina M. Szmant" wrote: > > > > > > > > > Bob and others: > > > > > ... > > > > > I have a hypothesis that I have been bandying around for a few years that > > > > > it's been more windy since the mid 1980s and 1990s which could be an effect > > > > > of global warming (more heat, more wind) [this is based on a gut impression > > > > > that in spite of having bigger and better boats than I had access to in the > > > > > 1970's, we have more days that we are weathered out now than a few decades > > > > > back]. More frequent or more severe storms all year long could result in > > > > > lower overall water clarity in areas like the Florida Keys where there is > > > > > lots of sediment to resuspend (I gave a presentation about all this in > > > > > Bali, but mea culpa, mea culpa I haven't written it up yet). If those of > > > > > you that like to work with climate data would have access to good wind > > > > > records, I suggest someone look at the frequency and duration of higher > > > > > wind events over the past 50 years or more, by passing the data thru some > > > > > kind of filter that looks for the higerh energy events (e.g. 15+ knots for > > > > > 24+ hrs): it takes a minimum period of high winds to really get things > > > > > stirred up, but if the rough conditions persist for too long, suspended > > > > > sediments are likely flushed out of the system). Thus, not enough > > > > > resuspension could result in fine sediments building up to eventually > > > > > become a problem (nutrients will also build up); frequent moderate energy > > > > > events may make the system turbid a lot of the time depending on whether > > > > > net flow rids the system of the resuspended fines; occasional major events > > > > > help flush the system of both sediments and nutrients. Thus wind regimes > > > > > (and their change over time as climate changes) could make a big difference > > > > > in the environment conditions reefs have to deal with, and their "health". > > > > > ... > > > > > > > > > > Alina Szmant > > > > > > > >**** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* > > > >Alan E. Strong > > > >Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division > > > >Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) > > > >Phys Scientist/Oceanographer > > > > NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 > > > > NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W > > > > 5200 Auth Road > > > > Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 > > > > Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov > > > > 301-763-8102 x170 > > > > FAX: 301-763-8572 > > > > http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad > > > > > > > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > -- > Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier > Kansas Geological Survey > University of Kansas > 1930 Constant Avenue > Lawrence, KS 66047 USA > Ph (1) (785) 864-2112 > Fax (1) (785) 864-5317 > e-mail: buddrw@kgs.ukans.edu -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------21AD7A9BF365666319043116 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------21AD7A9BF365666319043116-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 4 19:50:54 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA28871; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 19:50:54 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA15154; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:48:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015138; Thu, 4 Oct 01 23:48:16 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKPRR500.9M6 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:45:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKPS7600.30K; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:54:42 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA06617; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:54:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAA2aa7m; Thu, 4 Oct 01 23:54:41 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA18308 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 03:45:43 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA18208 for ; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:45:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MyHost (empF-port22.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.126]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id XAA12988; Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:40:42 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <003f01c14d4f$39b36da0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Joanie Kleypas" , References: Subject: Re: Beyond bioerosion. Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2001 23:38:38 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 917 I feel there is more that needs to be said on this, and other, issues. This will, however, be my last submission on this particular topic. Given the involvement of CO2, I am moved to consider the analogy of scientific papers as automobiles. I view most of my papers as I view my 12-year-old Subaru, that sits mutely rusting outside: inconspicuous, easily ignored, battered and beaten-but dependable transportation nonetheless. Should someone volunteer to put some Bondo on it to fill in some of the holes-well, be my guest. (You have Bondo? We need it up here.) The responses of Kleypas and co-authors to my comments on Kleypas et al (hereafter KEA, not to be confused with KIE) put me in mind of someone waxing a brand-new BMW: putting further polish on that which is already near perfection. Woe betide those who would point out dents in a fender, or nicks in a windshield...I had hoped for a response something along the lines of: "OK, we know there were some holes in the first version. We invite you all to help us do better next time."-but that isn't going to happen here. The difference between a discussion and an argument is: in an argument, no one has any intention of changing their mind. This is an argument, one that has gone on for over a month. In that month, I estimate (using totally questionable assumptions!) that SE Asia will have lost 2-3 coral species, and that coral cover on some of the Florida Keys will have dropped another 2%. Reefs are in the midst of a mass extinction event right now, and pH hasn't budged. (Yes, I know about the open-ocean estimates-irrelevant, as you point out.) In the time I have spent crafting these responses, I could have written a formal rebuttal of KEA, and that is what I will now set out to do. I also sense that the tone of the exchanges is becoming harsher, which is upsetting. I realise I am to a large extent at fault, here, being a direct and rude type. Those who know me may feel I have been well- behaved, whereas those who don't may wonder why Jim Hendee let this raving maniac on in the first place. So. After this one, I will give up. I have concluded that there will be no substantive response to any of my comments. I remain, as always, available for comments and exchanges, and would be delighted to give of advice or information in any of the areas in which I have some competence, as soon as I figure out what those areas may be. PREDICTIONS To begin with: KEA have made their predictions, based on models they have described in print and on the list. I am a field man (Omega, to me, always meant expensive wristwatches), so I tend to look at field evidence. Just about every reef worker (including Gattuso and Buddemeier) reports solution of carbonate at night, when CO2 is elevated-and Halley's work shows that this is solution of HMC. Additionally, KEA predict that corals should show a 6-11% decline in calcification since about 1880. Lough and Barnes (2000) show an INCREASE in calcification of 4%, an increase that closely matched the prediction of increased calcification from elevated SST's. So at least one of their predictions is wrong already. When I first saw KEA, I predicted that it would be used by managers to divert resources away from local problems. This has already happened. In addition, my doomsday scenario (Twenty and Out) is still running well, and I will finish no worse than .500. OCEAN MODELS My rude comments about modellers (which really weren't mine, as I point out-although I ascribe to them) were met by Dr. Kleypas with the following series of responses (paraphrasing): -KEA really only used the HAMMOC model to illustrate the long time-scale to buffering (although the model doesn't react quickly) -there are models out there now that CAN react quickly (but we haven't used them) -and besides, there are all these famous oceanographers out there who agree with us. What can I possibly do, faced with this response, but retreat licking my wounds? Seriously now, this is not convincing. Dr. Kleypas attempts to bolster her defense of the ocean models by denigrating/downplaying the importance of Smith et al, Nature 1997 (that's OK, so do the modellers). While she claims "corals from a single location...do not provide adequate evidence" , that same finding was trumpeted, by one of her own quoted oceanographers, as "The New Archive that we've all been waiting for." Would you have asked Newton to wait for MORE apples??? Sure, it's only one location-but it's the most precisely constrained major climatic event ever to be described from the ocean record. The results won't go away. The implications are that the Gulf Stream Return Flow disappeared/deviated/whatever in 5 years. This implies a fundamental mixing of the oceans during major climate changes, mixing which will screw up the rest of the predictions in KEA. (I treat these postings as my lectures-I only repeat myself if I feel the audience wasn't listening.) Note: for those of you interested in paleoclimatology: Smith et al 1997, and the companion piece, Smith et al, 2000 (PALAIOS), provide an isotopic Rosetta Stone, a solution to the annoying effects of KIE (this is a process which makes many coral isotopic climate records simply undependable). Precise water temperatures, any ocean, any coral, any depth. The "lines" paper, in PALAIOS, took corals from all over the world, used thousands of isotopic measurements to show that the slopes of lines in O-C space, independent of KIE, were a thermometer. BIOEROSION After Dr. Kleypas' response, I went back, and I searched through that Am. Zool. volume, and By God I found it! In Kleypas et al, on p. 153, we see (refs removed to save typing) "...nutrient excess probably limits reefs indirectly by enhancing macroalgal competition for space, phtoplankton competition for light, and bioerosion." And that's all. Instead of claiming to have "mentioned bioerosion several times as an important control on reef development," I think she should have 'fessed up, said "OK, we left it out, we'll do better next time. Can you help us?" Ain't going to happen. (By the way, the Gattuso et al paper in that same volume is one of the nicest summaries of coral gas and nutrient metabolism I have read.) I'd like to go over some of this again. I do apologise in advance for some of the self-citations: there has already been too much of this in these exchanges. I do so only when one of my rusty old beaters was the only one on the lot at the time... The classic studies on reef budgets were done in the early 70's, based on field work done (in some cases) commenced in the 60's. The results have never been challenged: bioerosion equals calcification, with large errors. (Where calcification spikes up, we get reefs-where it does not...sediment.) There have been a few studies directly relating bioerosion rates to nutrient concentrations. Rose and Risk (1985-Mar Ecol 6: 345-363) found that density of Cliona delitrix increased in lockstep with the abundance in the water column of fecal bacteria. (No phosphates, no nitrates-plain old poop. Turtle poop.) Since the early 70's, when those papers were done, coastal nutrient concentrations/eutrophication levels have AT LEAST doubled. In other words, bioerosion is now FAR MORE IMPORTANT than the corals! The treatment of this subject in the Amer Zool volume simply exposes the huge lacuna in the skill-set of today's reef biologists. So reef monitoring programs that omit bioerosion are a joke, as are reef growth models. It is to be hoped that rapid readjustments are under way as we speak. But let us examine the role of bioerosion in calcification budgets/alkalinity reduction studies. Microborers have been around since the PreCambrian, and comprise several phyla: blue-green algae (yeah, I know, Cyanobacteria-but geologists still call them blue-greens), greens, reds, fungi...They are in every grain of sediment, every coral, every shell, every coral that has ever been stuck into a metabolic chamber...most of the destruction is done by the green algae, via secretion of short-chain organic acids, such as formic, oxalic (good for taking rust off cars), malic. As usual, the stoichiometry eludes me, but here is what I see: -because they manufacture short organic acids thru photosynthesis, the CO2 balance may be close to a push (one in, couple out). -their eroding activities, however, crank up alkalinity values, via a process that appears in the gas-exchange models as PS. In other words, the O2 production of the corals, which is calcification, is mixed with the O2 production by alkalinity-pushers. That's just the greens. There is evidence that the blue-greens may be heterotrophic-like graduate students, there's no telling WHAT they do at night...the fungi are saprobic, dikaryomycotan anamorphs-common terrestrial fungi. You have some in your fridge now, on the bottom shelf, at the back there. (Kendrick et al. 1982, Bull Mar Sci 32: 862). They invaded via beachrock or.....African dust! I had hoped that Bellamy and Risk (1982: Science 215: 1618-1619) would have been more widely absorbed by calcification modellers: we found very large amounts of oxygen, produced by boring algae, stored in the tips of Millepora on the GBR. If you "ping off" a tip, not only will you see clouds of bubbles, you may even hear the hiss of escaping gas. (No, please don't do it!) Shasher and colleagues, in Israel, in a series of elegant experiments on "life in extreme environments", estimated that the amount of respiration, the metabolism, of boring algae lying directly under live coral tissue was small-so perhaps they may safely be ignored? No. On the contrary: the ones in corals are light-limited. In sediments and hardgrounds, they have a major impact. Tudhope and Risk (1985: J. Sedimentary Petrology 55: 440-447) estimated that boring algae dissolved between 18 and 30% of the TOTAL sediment input into GBR lagoons. These were extremely conservative estimates, and the real value is undoubtedly higher. In that paper, there is a section on the relevance of the results to whole-reef calcification estimates using alkalinity reduction techniques. P. 446: "...loss of carbonate from the reef system due to dissolution of sediments by microborers is a more important factor in whole-reef budgets than previously recognised"-and it remains unrecognised. I would invite KEA to explain to me, and the list, how the influence of microborers on gas exchange over reefs has been handled in their models. Finally, I am deeply distressed that my anguish at the demise of the ecosystem in which I have spent most of my life should be dismissed as pique at "my own reef issue being overshadowed" by the predictions in KEA. Firstly, I don't think their predictions are worth much-but far more importantly: I am as far as I know the only reef scientist who has had the courage to speak out in print against the factionalism that paralyses reef science (Risk 1999, Mar. FW Res 50: 831-837). It is unacceptable to me that I be accused of the same turf-war mentality. It is unacceptable, and I am very angry about it. Message ends-thank you all for your indulgence. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 01:57:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA01358; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 01:57:10 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA16870; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 05:54:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016863; Fri, 5 Oct 01 05:54:16 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQ8P500.1OB for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 05:51:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQ90P00.U87; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 02:58:01 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA16781; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 02:58:01 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAu6aGXG; Fri, 5 Oct 01 02:58:00 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA07722 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:53:29 GMT Received: from server3.syd.mail.ozemail.net (server3.syd.mail.ozemail.net [203.108.7.41]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA14790 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 05:53:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from cwilkinson (uk4-tgn-lld-vty14.as.wcom.net [195.232.23.14]) by server3.syd.mail.ozemail.net (8.9.0/8.6.12.IPASS) with SMTP id TAA26270; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 19:12:56 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.20011005190700.008e6210@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: cwilkins@email.aims.gov.au X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32) Date: Fri, 05 Oct 2001 19:07:00 +1000 To: "Mike Risk" , "Joanie Kleypas" , From: Clive Wilkinson Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed for sure In-Reply-To: <020901c14b6f$76287320$3c8dfea9@MyHost> References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 918 Mike and others I have watched this from afar - but feel that I must comment. "land-based sources of pollution ... are THE reef issue." This is attempting to put the magic solution of a single cause to a problem, when in fact there are often multiple causes of reef decline. Pollution by nutrients and sediments are very pertinent on reefs surrounded by shallow water, with lagoons or in embayments; these are minor issues for remote oceanic reefs with deep water adjacent and strong currents. In SE Asia and nearby, the major destructive forces for such remote clean-water reefs are destructive fishing, especially blast fishing. However, of the 11% of reefs reported lost in the last Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2000 report, most were either dredged up, smothered in sediment, or had airports and the like built on them. A further 16% were severely damaged in 1998 during the major El Nino / La Nina climate switches. Many of the others are severely threatened by the usual mix of impacts - pollution, sediments, over-exploitation including coral mining, and engineering activities. Many of these threats act together and Global Climate Change will probably add to all of these while also causing bleaching. So reef loss will rarely be attributed to a single cause. Clive At 02:24 PM 10/2/01 -0400, Mike Risk wrote: >Joanie has provided a spirited defense of her and her co-authors' work. I >remain far from convinced that some of these matters are solved beyond the >need of further debate. I will respond at length soon, after I finish >getting in this year's firewood. But some quick comments- > >It seems that most scientific "clarifications" carry with them the seeds of >further misunderstandings. Here are some additions: > >1. The comment about climate modellers not wishing to accept data that >contradicted their models wasn't mine-it came from a well-known NOAA climate >modeller, whom I will mercifully not name. My prior attempts to convince >modellers to accept the need for extremely rapid ocean overturning were met >with benign neglect. I felt it appropriate, therefore, to accept the >valuation of someone in the field. > >2. The top of Orphan Knoll lies directly in the Gulf Stream Return Flow, so >to suggest it is not connected with the Gulf Stream is misleading. > >3. Some modellers listen, and solicit data. We are now working very closely >with several groups on the East Coast (BIO modellers and their US >colleagues), as we begin to obtain long-term proxy records of the NAO, >Labrador Current, and the inner Gulf Stream: information that was previously >unavailable. > >4. I don't consider that land-based sources of pollution are my "reef >issue." (But I admit, I feel they are THE reef issue.) As we have seen, >there is zero political will in North America for CO2 reductions. (Canadians >are worse than the USA, by the way, just to demonstrate that I am an >equal-opportunity slagger.) There will be action on this front only after >the enormous public health costs sink in, and even then the response will be >slow. In the meantime, something could be done about sewage and sediment >stress. This is not rocket science, but would require that at least a large >proportion of reef scientists speak with one voice. There is already a >trend among reef managers to blame "global change" for impacts that have >clear local causes. > >Back to the maul (not mall). > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 04:32:35 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA03013; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 04:32:34 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA18352; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:30:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018348; Fri, 5 Oct 01 08:29:46 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQFWA00.KMT for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:26:34 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQG7V00.2FX; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 05:33:31 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA26545; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 05:33:30 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZPaa2Z; Fri, 5 Oct 01 05:33:30 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA17650 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 12:28:26 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA19103 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:28:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA18228; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:24:13 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018216; Fri, 5 Oct 01 08:23:22 -0400 Received: from climate2.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA02910; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 04:25:40 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by climate2.aoml.noaa.gov (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA14065 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:22:48 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: climate2.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:22:48 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee To: Coral-List Subject: on flaming Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 919 flaming -- the use of speech in a metaphorical flame-throwing-like action to demean the intended victim. [I made that one up--I hope it fits.] I don't think we've seen any of this lately in the current "are coral reefs doomed?" discussion, but it might be appropriate at this time to say that debate is okay, personal attacks are not. As long as we maintain proper decorum in our debates/arguments, stick to the facts and/or the literature (!), and realize that there are points at which further discussion is pointless (i.e., saying the same thing over-and-over; or more appropriate to take it offline), then I think it is instructive to us all to maintain dailogue. Cheers, Jim coral-list admin ------------- "Never argue with a man who buys ink by the gallon." -- Tommy Lasorda (legendary L.A. Dodgers baseball coach) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 05:50:06 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA04205; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 05:50:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA19810; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:47:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019804; Fri, 5 Oct 01 09:47:12 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQJHC00.7NM for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:44:00 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQJXD00.U7F; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:53:37 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA18747; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:53:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAqja4MK; Fri, 5 Oct 01 09:53:36 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA19249 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 13:45:23 GMT Received: from orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (IDENT:ms@orbit-mail.ncep.noaa.gov [140.90.195.113]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA19239 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:45:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.197.200]) by orbit-mail.nesdis.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQJJ200.NHZ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:45:02 -0400 Message-ID: <3BBDB970.2554A9C@noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 05 Oct 2001 09:45:20 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Mike Risk , Clive Wilkinson CC: Joanie Kleypas , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Beyond bioerosion - the last word? References: <003f01c14d4f$39b36da0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------BE7C6400895863EA1E5BBBDF" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 920 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------BE7C6400895863EA1E5BBBDF Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Mike, Why isn't anyone talking about how much coral we have ADDED since the 1998 bleaching event! At least I assume that what I hear from places like Fiji, USVI, Bahamas, Palau, GBR...is correct...? Clive, would you concur? You stated: "The difference between a discussion and an argument is: in an argument, no one has any intention of changing their mind. This is an argument, one that has gone on for over a month." (your words)...by your own definition it would appear that there can be no "substantive response."! If you intended this as an "argument" all along why was it posted and debated???? Good-bye, Al Mike Risk wrote: > I feel there is more that needs to be said on this, and other, issues. This > will, however, be my last submission on this particular topic. > > Given the involvement of CO2, I am moved to consider the analogy of > scientific papers as automobiles. I view most of my papers as I view my > 12-year-old Subaru, that sits mutely rusting outside: inconspicuous, easily > ignored, battered and beaten-but dependable transportation nonetheless. > Should someone volunteer to put some Bondo on it to fill in some of the > holes-well, be my guest. (You have Bondo? We need it up here.) > > The responses of Kleypas and co-authors to my comments on Kleypas et al > (hereafter KEA, not to be confused with KIE) put me in mind of someone > waxing a brand-new BMW: putting further polish on that which is already near > perfection. Woe betide those who would point out dents in a fender, or nicks > in a windshield...I had hoped for a response something along the lines of: > "OK, we know there were some holes in the first version. We invite you all > to help us do better next time."-but that isn't going to happen here. The > difference between a discussion and an argument is: in an argument, no one > has any intention of changing their mind. This is an argument, one that has > gone on for over a month. > > In that month, I estimate (using totally questionable assumptions!) that SE > Asia will have lost 2-3 coral species, and that coral cover on some of the > Florida Keys will have dropped another 2%. Reefs are in the midst of a mass > extinction event right now, and pH hasn't budged. (Yes, I know about the > open-ocean estimates-irrelevant, as you point out.) In the time I have spent > crafting these responses, I could have written a formal rebuttal of KEA, and > that is what I will now set out to do. > > I also sense that the tone of the exchanges is becoming harsher, which is > upsetting. I realise I am to a large extent at fault, here, being a direct > and rude type. Those who know me may feel I have been well- behaved, whereas > those who don't may wonder why Jim Hendee let this raving maniac on in the > first place. So. After this one, I will give up. I have concluded that there > will be no substantive response to any of my comments. > > I remain, as always, available for comments and exchanges, and would be > delighted to give of advice or information in any of the areas in which I > have some competence, as soon as I figure out what those areas may be. > > PREDICTIONS > To begin with: KEA have made their predictions, based on models they have > described in print and on the list. I am a field man (Omega, to me, always > meant expensive wristwatches), so I tend to look at field evidence. Just > about every reef worker (including Gattuso and Buddemeier) reports solution > of carbonate at night, when CO2 is elevated-and Halley's work shows that > this is solution of HMC. Additionally, KEA predict that corals should show a > 6-11% decline in calcification since about 1880. Lough and Barnes (2000) > show an INCREASE in calcification of 4%, an increase that closely matched > the prediction of increased calcification from elevated SST's. So at least > one of their predictions is wrong already. > > When I first saw KEA, I predicted that it would be used by managers to > divert resources away from local problems. This has already happened. In > addition, my doomsday scenario (Twenty and Out) is still running well, and I > will finish no worse than .500. > > OCEAN MODELS > My rude comments about modellers (which really weren't mine, as I point > out-although I ascribe to them) were met by Dr. Kleypas with the following > series of responses (paraphrasing): > -KEA really only used the HAMMOC model to illustrate the long time-scale > to buffering (although the model doesn't react quickly) > -there are models out there now that CAN react quickly (but we haven't > used them) > -and besides, there are all these famous oceanographers out there who > agree with us. > What can I possibly do, faced with this response, but retreat licking my > wounds? Seriously now, this is not convincing. > > Dr. Kleypas attempts to bolster her defense of the ocean models by > denigrating/downplaying the importance of Smith et al, Nature 1997 (that's > OK, so do the modellers). While she claims "corals from a single > location...do not provide adequate evidence" , that same finding was > trumpeted, by one of her own quoted oceanographers, as "The New Archive that > we've all been waiting for." Would you have asked Newton to wait for MORE > apples??? Sure, it's only one location-but it's the most precisely > constrained major climatic event ever to be described from the ocean record. > The results won't go away. The implications are that the Gulf Stream Return > Flow disappeared/deviated/whatever in 5 years. This implies a fundamental > mixing of the oceans during major climate changes, mixing which will screw > up the rest of the predictions in KEA. (I treat these postings as my > lectures-I only repeat myself if I feel the audience wasn't listening.) > > Note: for those of you interested in paleoclimatology: Smith et al 1997, and > the companion piece, Smith et al, 2000 (PALAIOS), provide an isotopic > Rosetta Stone, a solution to the annoying effects of KIE (this is a process > which makes many coral isotopic climate records simply undependable). > Precise water temperatures, any ocean, any coral, any depth. The "lines" > paper, in PALAIOS, took corals from all over the world, used thousands of > isotopic measurements to show that the slopes of lines in O-C space, > independent of KIE, were a thermometer. > > BIOEROSION > After Dr. Kleypas' response, I went back, and I searched through that Am. > Zool. volume, and By God I found it! In Kleypas et al, on p. 153, we see > (refs removed to save typing) "...nutrient excess probably limits reefs > indirectly by enhancing macroalgal competition for space, phtoplankton > competition for light, and bioerosion." And that's all. Instead of claiming > to have "mentioned bioerosion several times as an important control on reef > development," I think she should have 'fessed up, said "OK, we left it out, > we'll do better next time. Can you help us?" Ain't going to happen. (By the > way, the Gattuso et al paper in that same volume is one of the nicest > summaries of coral gas and nutrient metabolism I have read.) > > I'd like to go over some of this again. I do apologise in advance for some > of the self-citations: there has already been too much of this in these > exchanges. I do so only when one of my rusty old beaters was the only one > on the lot at the time... > > The classic studies on reef budgets were done in the early 70's, based on > field work done (in some cases) commenced in the 60's. The results have > never been challenged: bioerosion equals calcification, with large errors. > (Where calcification spikes up, we get reefs-where it does not...sediment.) > There have been a few studies directly relating bioerosion rates to nutrient > concentrations. Rose and Risk (1985-Mar Ecol 6: 345-363) found that density > of Cliona delitrix increased in lockstep with the abundance in the water > column of fecal bacteria. (No phosphates, no nitrates-plain old poop. Turtle > poop.) > > Since the early 70's, when those papers were done, coastal nutrient > concentrations/eutrophication levels have AT LEAST doubled. In other words, > bioerosion is now FAR MORE IMPORTANT than the corals! The treatment of this > subject in the Amer Zool volume simply exposes the huge lacuna in the > skill-set of today's reef biologists. > > So reef monitoring programs that omit bioerosion are a joke, as are reef > growth models. It is to be hoped that rapid readjustments are under way as > we speak. > > But let us examine the role of bioerosion in calcification > budgets/alkalinity reduction studies. > > Microborers have been around since the PreCambrian, and comprise several > phyla: blue-green algae (yeah, I know, Cyanobacteria-but geologists still > call them blue-greens), greens, reds, fungi...They are in every grain of > sediment, every coral, every shell, every coral that has ever been stuck > into a metabolic chamber...most of the destruction is done by the green > algae, via secretion of short-chain organic acids, such as formic, oxalic > (good for taking rust off cars), malic. As usual, the stoichiometry eludes > me, but here is what I see: > -because they manufacture short organic acids thru photosynthesis, the > CO2 balance may be close to a push (one in, couple out). > -their eroding activities, however, crank up alkalinity values, via a > process that appears in the gas-exchange models as PS. In other words, the > O2 production of the corals, which is calcification, is mixed with the O2 > production by alkalinity-pushers. > > That's just the greens. There is evidence that the blue-greens may be > heterotrophic-like graduate students, there's no telling WHAT they do at > night...the fungi are saprobic, dikaryomycotan anamorphs-common terrestrial > fungi. You have some in your fridge now, on the bottom shelf, at the back > there. (Kendrick et al. 1982, Bull Mar Sci 32: 862). They invaded via > beachrock or.....African dust! > > I had hoped that Bellamy and Risk (1982: Science 215: 1618-1619) would have > been more widely absorbed by calcification modellers: we found very large > amounts of oxygen, produced by boring algae, stored in the tips of Millepora > on the GBR. If you "ping off" a tip, not only will you see clouds of > bubbles, you may even hear the hiss of escaping gas. (No, please don't do > it!) Shasher and colleagues, in Israel, in a series of elegant experiments > on "life in extreme environments", estimated that the amount of respiration, > the metabolism, of boring algae lying directly under live coral tissue was > small-so perhaps they may safely be ignored? No. > > On the contrary: the ones in corals are light-limited. In sediments and > hardgrounds, they have a major impact. Tudhope and Risk (1985: J. > Sedimentary Petrology 55: 440-447) estimated that boring algae dissolved > between 18 and 30% of the TOTAL sediment input into GBR lagoons. These were > extremely conservative estimates, and the real value is undoubtedly higher. > In that paper, there is a section on the relevance of the results to > whole-reef calcification estimates using alkalinity reduction techniques. P. > 446: "...loss of carbonate from the reef system due to dissolution of > sediments by microborers is a more important factor in whole-reef budgets > than previously recognised"-and it remains unrecognised. > > I would invite KEA to explain to me, and the list, how the influence of > microborers on gas exchange over reefs has been handled in their models. > > Finally, I am deeply distressed that my anguish at the demise of the > ecosystem in which I have spent most of my life should be dismissed as pique > at "my own reef issue being overshadowed" by the predictions in KEA. > Firstly, I don't think their predictions are worth much-but far more > importantly: I am as far as I know the only reef scientist who has had the > courage to speak out in print against the factionalism that paralyses reef > science (Risk 1999, Mar. FW Res 50: 831-837). It is unacceptable to me that > I be accused of the same turf-war mentality. It is unacceptable, and I am > very angry about it. > > Message ends-thank you all for your indulgence. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad --------------BE7C6400895863EA1E5BBBDF Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Alan E. Strong Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Alan.E.Strong.vcf" begin:vcard n:Strong;Alan E. tel;cell:443-822-3668 tel;fax:301-763-8108 tel;work:301-763-8102 x170 x-mozilla-html:FALSE url:http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/ org:NOAA/NESDIS/ORA;Oceanic Research & Applications Division version:2.1 email;internet:Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov title:Oceanographer/Team Leader adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA Science Center=0D=0A5200 Auth Road;Camp Springs;MD;20746;USA fn:Alan E. Strong, Ph. D. end:vcard --------------BE7C6400895863EA1E5BBBDF-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 06:39:39 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA05635; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 06:39:38 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA21269; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:37:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021251; Fri, 5 Oct 01 10:36:52 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQLS500.8MP for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:33:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQM8600.HB3; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:43:18 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA27576; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:43:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAY5ai21; Fri, 5 Oct 01 10:43:17 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA19340 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 14:34:39 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA19421 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:34:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from MyHost (empF-port18.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.122]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id KAA26630; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:27:45 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <008e01c14da9$9e125d60$3dc17182@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Joanie Kleypas" , , "Clive Wilkinson" References: <3.0.5.32.20011005190700.008e6210@email.aims.gov.au> Subject: Re: coral reefs doomed for sure Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:24:05 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 921 (This response doesn't count, as it's on a different topic.) I must thank Clive for telling us what we all knew before-there are multiple causes of reef death. My ranking of land-based sources of pollution at the top of the list is not a personal bias, as some seem to conclude, but has been forced upon me by the data on hand. But of course there are many stresses (duh), and the trick will be to prioritise and organise. Clive: here is some material from the primary literature, of which you may be unaware (From Risk, Heikoop, Edinger and Erdmann, 2001: The assessment toolbox. Bull Mar Sci vol. 68): "...the available evidence on the impacts of marine pollution and destructive fishing is quite clear: reefs have already suffered worldwide degradation due to human activities." On the following page is a review of blast fishing in SE Asia, which I commend to your attention. It is important to separate chronic from episodic stress on reefs. When I first proposed "triage" for reefs over 10 years ago, I suggested that episodic stresses could be overcome by concerted effort. If blast fishing can be stopped (ways to do this are outlined in my reports for COREMAP) then the reefs will recover. "Rates of reef destruction by human activities (direct and indirect) are much greater than the rates of destruction from global change. Both are cause for concern, but on different time scales. Reefs in some areas can recover from the damage done by blast and cyanide fishing-coral recruits can usually be seen in bomb craters (in relatively clean waters) that are a few months old." And more on the same vein, the point being that the reefs of Tukang Besi will recover if and when blast fishing shuts down, but the reefs of Jakarta will not, or at least not until tectonics welds that accretionary wedge to the plate. Same story everywhere. It's all there, Clive, in the primary literature. Should you wish to know more about the relative impacts of blast fishing, industrial development, sediments, sewage etc. in Asia, there are several excellent publications I would be glad to send you. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 06:39:40 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA05642; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 06:39:38 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA21280; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:37:20 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021254; Fri, 5 Oct 01 10:37:02 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQLSF00.CMS for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:33:51 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQM8G00.RB1; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:43:28 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA27645; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:43:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAFka481; Fri, 5 Oct 01 10:43:27 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA19280 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 14:35:55 GMT Received: from imf04bis.bellsouth.net (mail004.mail.bellsouth.net [205.152.58.24]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA19177 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:35:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from workstation1.bellsouth.net ([65.80.23.158]) by imf04bis.bellsouth.net (InterMail vM.5.01.01.01 201-252-104) with ESMTP id <20011005143607.BFWO23956.imf04bis.bellsouth.net@workstation1.bellsouth.net>; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:36:07 -0400 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.0.20011005103420.00a41ec0@mail.bellsouth.net> X-Sender: deevon@mail.bellsouth.net X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Fri, 05 Oct 2001 10:36:48 -0400 To: "Precht, Bill" , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Deevon Quirolo Subject: Re: FW: Coral disease In-Reply-To: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3F34@MIAMIMBX> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 922 For any Osha Davidson fans on the coralist, please note that Reef Relief will host a book signing with Osha to celebrate the release of "Fire in the Turtle House: The Green Sea Turtle and the Fate of the Ocean" in Key West from 6--8 pm Saturday, October 13th, in addition to hosting an online cybersigning at www.reefrelief.org. Regards, DeeVon Quirolo, Ex. Dir. REEF RELIEF At 01:48 PM 10/3/01 -0500, Precht, Bill wrote: >Dear Coral List: > >Many of you are familar with the wonderful coral reef book entitled "The >Enchanted Braid" by Osha Grey Davidson that was published a few years ago... > >Well he has a new book that was just released yesterday... It is entitled >"Fire in the Turtle House" (see attached hotlinks)... > >I think this will be a must read for both scientists and those who just care >about the oceans... > >cheers to all, > >Bill > >William F. Precht, P.G. >Ecological Sciences Program Manager >PBS&J >2001 NW 107th Avenue >Miami, FL 33172 >305-592-7275 >fax:305-594-9574 >1-800-597-7275 >bprecht@pbsj.com > > >"Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html > >Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm > >The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. DeeVon Quirolo, Executive Director Reef Relief, a non profit grassroots organization dedicated to Preserve and Protect Living Coral Reefs through Local, Regional and International Efforts www.reefrelief.org P.O. Box 430, Key West, Fl. 33041 tel (305) 294-3100 fax (305) 293-9515 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 08:44:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA08731; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 08:44:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA24489; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 12:42:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024478; Fri, 5 Oct 01 12:42:23 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQRLC00.0OB for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 12:39:12 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQS1D00.4GQ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 12:48:49 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA22962; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 12:48:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAnEaW1S; Fri, 5 Oct 01 12:48:48 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA19652 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 16:39:30 GMT Message-Id: <200110051639.QAA19652@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 05 Oct 2001 18:25:20 +0200 From: marcos To: Alan E Strong , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Beyond bioerosion - the last word? Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 923 Dear colleques, I d like to add a short calculation to the discussion: There are about 600 thousand square meter of coral rubble out there (number propably to low since it accounts for tropical regions only). Every single piece of coral rubble, from the supratidal down to 30m (and further) is bored by microendolithic algae (see Gektidis 1999 for an example of a pacific location). The removal of calciumcarbonate equals approx. 600g per squaremeter per year (see Vogel et al. 2000 or Chazottes et al. 1995). That makes it a 360 tons of carbonate per year that microborers dissolve worldwide in coral rubble only. We will have to add microbioerosion of living coral skeletons, consolidated carbon and carbonate sediments like the ooid banks of the bahama platform. And these are the tropics, only. As Mike pointed out there are the heterotrophs (boring fungi) that erode carbonates in deep waters, high latitudes and propably 24h a day as well. So, I would think that microbioerosion has to be included in any carbonate budget model for reef systems worth speaking off. A CO2-calcification model, as Bob mentions, is just one part of the equation. And even there, microbioerosion should be considered as part of the model as well, maybe as a conversion factor as it exists in oceanographic budgets. The reason is simple: microbioerosion starts as soon as a carbonate surface is exposed to the water. Biocalcification is never taking place without an instant erosion of the freshly precipitated material. Our data show measurable activity of microboring algae after 1 week of exposure. Please excuse my english, cheers, Marcos Dr. Marcos Gektidis http://www.gektidis.de Geologisch Pal�ontologisches Institut Senckenberganlage 32-34 60054 Frankfurt am Main Germany CHAZOTTES, V., LE CAMPION-ALSUMARD, T., PEYROT-CLAUSADE, M., (1995): Bioerosion rates on coral reefs: interaction between macroborers, microborers and grazers (Moorea, French Polynesia).- Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclim., Palaeoecol., 113: 189-198; Amsterdam. GEKTIDIS, M. (1999): Cyanobacteria and associated microorganisms characterize coarse shoarline carbonates of One Tree Island, Australia.- Marine Cyanobacteria (Charpy, L. & Larkum, A. W. D., editors), Bulletin de l� Institut Oc�anographique, Monaco, special issue. VOGEL, K.; GEKTIDIS, M.; GOLUBIC, S.; KIENE, W.; & RADTKE, G. (2000): Experimental studies on microbial bioerosion at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas and One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: Implications for paleoecological reconstructions.- Lethaia, 33: 190-204, Oslo 2000. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 09:29:00 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA09294; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 09:29:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA24972; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 13:26:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024965; Fri, 5 Oct 01 13:26:04 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQTM400.8NF for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 13:22:52 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKQTXP00.3HE; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:29:49 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA08297; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 10:29:48 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAebaGmq; Fri, 5 Oct 01 10:29:48 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA19897 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 17:25:09 GMT Received: from mary.csd.plymouth.ac.uk (mary.csd.plymouth.ac.uk [141.163.2.62]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA19940 for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 13:24:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from csuf42.csd.plymouth.ac.uk ([141.163.190.236.3457] helo=csuf42.csd.plym.ac.uk) by mary.csd.plymouth.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 3.32 #1) id 15pYiQ-0005vG-01 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 05 Oct 2001 18:24:50 +0100 Received: from CSUF42/SpoolDir by csuf42.csd.plym.ac.uk (Mercury 1.44); 5 Oct 101 18:24:51 GMT Received: from SpoolDir by CSUF42 (Mercury 1.44); 5 Oct 101 18:24:45 GMT From: "Ozeas da Silva Costa Jr" Organization: University of Plymouth To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2001 18:24:19 GMT Subject: 5th ICRS editors and publisher In-reply-to: <5.1.0.14.0.20011005103420.00a41ec0@mail.bellsouth.net> References: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A016B3F34@MIAMIMBX> Message-Id: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 924 Dear colleagues, Does anybody have the names of the editors and the publisher of the Fifty ICRS (in this case ICRC) proceedings? Although I have some papers from that conference, they do not contain this information. I've also tried a search on the net but nothing came up... The symposium was held in Tahiti, French Polynesia in 1985 (I haven't got the dates either...) Any help in this matter will be most appreciated! I also take this opportunity to announce that my two recent papers on Brazilian coral reefs are available to download in PDF format: COSTA O.S. Jr., ATTRILL M.J., PEDRINI A.G., DE-PAULA J.C. (in press). Benthic macroalgal distribution in coastal and offshore reefs at Porto Seguro Bay, Brazilian Discovery Coast. Proceedings, 9th International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali, Indonesia, October 23-27, 2000. http://www.geocities.com/z_ocean/9ICRS.pdf COSTA O.S. Jr., LEAO Z.M.A.N., NIMMO M., ATTRILL M.J. (2000). Nutrification impacts on coral reefs from northern Bahia, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 440:307-315 http://www.geocities.com/z_ocean/hydro.pdf Sincerely yours, Ozeas ========================================== Ozeas da Silva Costa Junior Benthic Ecology Research Group Department of Biological Sciences University of Plymouth Room 606 - Davy Building PL4 8AA Plymouth UK Tel(home): +44 (0)1752 311760 Tel (lab): +44 (0)1752 232951 Fax: +44 (0)1752 232970 e-mail: O.Costa@plymouth.ac.uk http://www.geocities.com/z_ocean ICQ uin 60998433 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 5 15:53:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA14861; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 15:53:14 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA02664; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 19:50:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002656; Fri, 5 Oct 01 19:50:00 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKRBE000.8OO for ; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 19:46:48 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKRBU200.VT3; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 19:56:26 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA19555; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 19:56:25 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAxyaWlM; Fri, 5 Oct 01 19:56:25 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA20596 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 5 Oct 2001 23:47:53 GMT Message-Id: <200110052347.XAA20596@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2001 17:11:21 -0400 From: rein@erim-int.com To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Call for Papers - Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 925 Call for Papers You are invited to attend the Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, 20-22 May 2002 at the Hyatt Regency Miami in Miami, Florida, USA. Often called the "Capital of the Americas," Miami's multi-cultural flair, ocean beaches, and proximity to unique aquatic resources make this cosmopolitan city an ideal setting for this conference. This international conference focuses on the application of remote sensing and advanced geospatial information technologies in marine, inland water, and coastal environments to address real-world problems and improve decision-making. The conference also includes field trips, workshops, and an exhibition of products and services. The conference is organized by Veridian. Paper Submission You are invited to submit an abstract (250 words maximum) by 26 October 2001 to be considered for plenary or poster presentation. Abstracts received after this date will be considered for poster presentation only. Include the conference topic addressed and preferred type of presentation. Notification of your paper's acceptance will be mailed in December 2001. Complete papers for the proceedings will be due 22 February 2002. Accepted summaries received electronically will be posted on the Web before and after the conference. Electronic submission: E-mail: marine@veridian.com www.erim-int.com/CONF/marine/MARINE.html Written and faxed abstracts: Veridian Marine Conference P.O. Box 134008 Ann Arbor, MI 48113-4008 USA Fax: 1 734 994 5123 Inquiries only: Tel: 1 734 994 1200, ext. 3234 nancy.wallman@veridian.com Please provide complete mailing/delivery address and fax number on all correspondence. Conference Topics Sensors, Processing, and Data Sources ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 6 06:22:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA19919; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 06:22:14 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA06923; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 10:19:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006919; Sat, 6 Oct 01 10:19:16 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKSFMS00.GOJ for ; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 10:16:04 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKSFYE00.625; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 07:23:02 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA24731; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 07:23:01 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAsSaqtW; Sat, 6 Oct 01 07:23:01 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA01254 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 14:19:25 GMT Received: from imo-m07.mx.aol.com (imo-m07.mx.aol.com [64.12.136.162]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA01251 for ; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 10:19:07 -0400 (EDT) From: UcHammerheads@aol.com Received: from UcHammerheads@aol.com by imo-m07.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31_r1.7.) id b.109.6ad9f23 (3972) for ; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 10:18:27 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <109.6ad9f23.28f06cb2@aol.com> Date: Sat, 6 Oct 2001 10:18:26 EDT Subject: Can I learn SCUBA to enhance my career from a good Instructor??? To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 5.0 for Windows sub 138 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 926 Does anyone know any diving instructors that teach SCUBA with a direction towards Marine Science participants. Someone that teaches the essence of diving??? ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 6 07:30:24 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA20446; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 07:30:21 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07303; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 11:28:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(130.113.64.66) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007264; Sat, 6 Oct 01 11:27:34 -0400 Received: from MyHost (empE-port6.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.61]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id LAA23580; Sat, 6 Oct 2001 11:29:44 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <002001c14e7b$71bde9a0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Jim Hendee" , "Coral-List" References: Subject: Re: on flaming Date: Sat, 6 Oct 2001 11:16:15 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 927 Jim: Effective immediately, I am removing my name from Coral-list. First, it's not doing my psyche any good. I find that I am beginning to descend into the same sort of behaviour for which I have castigated others. Second, I'm not sure it's doing the reefs any good. It seems that my messages, whatever they may be, are not getting across. I can only hope that they are like those coated aspirins I take for hangovers: they don't dissolve right away in your stomach, because they might cause upset, but are absorbed later on. (This analogy better end here!) As always, I remain eager to interact with colleagues. Should anyone out there wish to communicate with me, please feel free to do so: riskmj@mcmaster.ca Thanks for doing a great job. See you. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 8 04:20:58 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA06381; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 04:20:57 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA18718; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:18:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018714; Mon, 8 Oct 01 08:17:45 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKVZC800.5QF for ; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:14:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKVZSE00.3LF; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:24:14 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA14733; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:24:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWeaGXC; Mon, 8 Oct 01 08:24:13 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA05569 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 12:10:51 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA05572 for ; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:10:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA18669; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:06:35 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018662; Mon, 8 Oct 01 08:05:41 -0400 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA06298; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 04:08:01 -0400 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id IAA15790; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:05:43 -0400 (EDT) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Mon, 8 Oct 2001 08:05:42 -0400 (EDT) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Mike Risk cc: Coral-List Subject: heated debate In-Reply-To: <002001c14e7b$71bde9a0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 928 Mike, Contrary to your opinion that your messages are falling on deaf ears, I think you have awakened a lot of us to issues we were unaware of, or did not consider enough, or even at all. My message on flaming was meant to be a gentle reminder to everyone so that the dialogue could continue. I just wanted to tone things down a little because I was beginning to see from the messages in this thread (and from "behind the scenes" from a variety of subscribers) that this was a very emotional issue for some. It is GOOD that we see passion in this issue, because this is what it takes to get past the formidable hurdles of beaurocracy and other obstructions. We feel this way because of the urgency of the situation, and we care. I definitely do not mean to stifle discourse on this subject! I have hope that the thread will continue, with decorum, which I believe it has for the most part. You obviously have a great command of the literature and issues pertaining to coral reef research. I would encourage you NOT to unsubscribe (maybe just take a "breather?"). Sincerely yours, Jim On Sat, 6 Oct 2001, Mike Risk wrote: > Jim: > > Effective immediately, I am removing my name from Coral-list. > > First, it's not doing my psyche any good. I find that I am beginning to > descend into the same sort of behaviour for which I have castigated others. > > Second, I'm not sure it's doing the reefs any good. It seems that my > messages, whatever they may be, are not getting across. I can only hope that > they are like those coated aspirins I take for hangovers: they don't > dissolve right away in your stomach, because they might cause upset, but are > absorbed later on. (This analogy better end here!) > > As always, I remain eager to interact with colleagues. Should anyone out > there wish to communicate with me, please feel free to do so: > riskmj@mcmaster.ca > > Thanks for doing a great job. See you. > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 8 13:11:59 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12234; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 13:11:58 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA25714; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 17:09:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025706; Mon, 8 Oct 01 17:08:56 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKWNXK00.3OH for ; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 17:05:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKWO9700.LSG; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 14:12:43 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA15375; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 14:12:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAEDaWbE; Mon, 8 Oct 01 14:12:42 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA06722 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 21:07:45 GMT Received: from web20601.mail.yahoo.com (web20601.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.226.157]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA06725 for ; Mon, 8 Oct 2001 17:07:28 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20011008210718.63761.qmail@web20601.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [32.100.60.92] by web20601.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Mon, 08 Oct 2001 14:07:18 PDT Date: Mon, 8 Oct 2001 14:07:18 -0700 (PDT) From: Paula Morgan Subject: Essence of diving? To: UcHammerheads@aol.com, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: <109.6ad9f23.28f06cb2@aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="0-1215052863-1002575238=:62571" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 929 --0-1215052863-1002575238=:62571 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Dear Hammerheads, re your question below:Does anyone know any diving instructors that teach SCUBA with a direction towards Marine Science participants. Someone that teaches the essence of diving??? ~~~~~~~ My students and I are wondering what you mean by teaching "the essence of diving?" To us, the dive is the essence of itself. The Reef Rangers (mid school, high school, early college students) gleaned marine science from a regular dive shop! We even learned how to conduct a linear transect there! Paula Morgan, Director, The Reef Ranger Project in the Virgin Islands The River Ranger Project <>< ><> The Reef Ranger Project Helping to Protect the Living Planet --0-1215052863-1002575238=:62571 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii

Dear Hammerheads, re your question below:

Does anyone know any diving instructors that teach SCUBA with a direction
towards Marine Science participants. Someone that teaches the essence of
diving???
~~~~~~~

My students and I are wondering what you mean by teaching "the essence of diving?" To us, the dive is the essence of itself.

The Reef Rangers (mid school, high school, early college students) gleaned marine science from a regular dive shop! We even learned how to conduct a linear transect there!

Paula Morgan, Director, The Reef Ranger Project in the Virgin Islands

The River Ranger Project <>< ><> The Reef Ranger Project

Helping to Protect the Living Planet

--0-1215052863-1002575238=:62571-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 9 03:37:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA18179; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 03:37:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA00948; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 07:35:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000784; Tue, 9 Oct 01 07:35:30 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKXS1U00.KQH for ; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 07:32:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKXSDH00.K4Y; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 04:39:17 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA09799; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 04:39:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWva4ht; Tue, 9 Oct 01 04:39:16 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA08166 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 11:35:13 GMT Message-Id: <200110091135.LAA08166@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 05 Oct 2001 15:27:21 -0400 From: "PAM FLETCHER" To: Subject: Florida Artificial Reef Summit Announcement Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 930 2001 Florida Artificial Reef Summit Artificial Reefs: "INTO THE NEW MILLENNIUM"=20 October 17, 2001 Through October 20, 2001 Fort Lauderdale, Florida For the past thirteen years the State of Florida has sponsored artificial = reef summits for the purpose of bringing together people involved in = artificial reef projects throughout the state to discuss a variety of = issues relating to legislation, construction, and management. Emergent = themes from these sessions included trends in materials used, funding = sources, and recognition of the importance artificial reef research.=20 The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Broward County = Department of Planning and Environmental Protection, Nova Southeastern = University, and Florida Sea Grant will host the 2001 Florida Artificial = Reef Summit, to be held in greater Fort Lauderdale from October 17 -20, = 2001. This will be the fifth state-wide conference on artificial reefs and = will encompass legislation, technology and research. Previous conferences = were held in Miami (1987), Tallahassee (1990 & 1993) and in Palm Beach = County (1998). Federal, state, and local government representatives as = well as scientist, researchers, regulators, program managers and others = interested persons from around the state will attend.=20 AGENDA WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 17, 2001, 7-10 p.m. Welcome Reception - Sponsored by NSU National Coral Reef Institute will be = held at the NSU Oceanographic Center, 8000 North Ocean Drive in Dania = Beach. THURSDAY OCTOBER 18, 2001, 8 a.m. The morning session will include introductions and updates from artificial = reef program coordinators and governmental units involved with artificial = reef issues. Afternoon sessions will feature local reef program updates = as well as news of international reef activities and state program = monitoring activities. An evening session will focus on ships as reefs = with discussions on derelict vessels, MARAD and military vessel issues. FRIDAY OCTOBER 19, 2001, 8 a.m. This session will focus on the technology of artificial reefs with several = case studies of actual reef projects. Sessions include research projects, = mitigation reefs and reef construction presentations. The afternoon will = have presentations on marine protected areas and artificial reefs.=20 An evening poster session will begin at 7 p.m. at the Holiday Inn Fort = Lauderdale Beach. SATURDAY OCTOBER 20, 2001, 8 a.m. This session will focus on monitoring issues with a workshop by Bill = Seaman, with Florida Sea Grant. This two-hour session will guide and = educate local reef managers and monitoring teams in the methods and = protocols for artificial reef monitoring. Updates from representative = local volunteer teams will close out the morning session.=20 A recap of the Summit will be presented with workshop summaries and = significant issues, followed by closing remarks. Adjournment will be at 1 = p.m. An afternoon field trip is scheduled to take place at 2 p.m. Those = wishing to participate should contact Southeast Oceanic Services at = 954.922.8134, space will be limited and will be offered on a first come = first serve basis. REGISTRATION Registration forms are available on the internet at the pages listed = below. Walk-ins are welcome. Registration will be $45.00 or $15.00 per = day attended (includes lunches and breaks). Please make checks payable to = Nova Southeastern University. =20 Send registrations to: NSU National Coral Reef Institute 8000 North Ocean Drive Dania Beach, Florida 33004 For more information about the Artificial Reef Summit you may access = either: http://marinefisheries.org/conferences/index.htm or www.broward.o= rg/bri01900.htm ACCOMMODATIONS Room rates of $65 are reserved for Summit '01 participants. Please reserve = your rooms directly with the hotel as early as you can, and let them know = you are with the Florida Artificial Reef Summit '01. For tax exemption = please provide a valid State of Florida tax-exempt certificate. Holiday Inn Fort Lauderdale Beach 999 North Atlantic Boulevard (A1A) Corner of A1A and Sunrise Boulevard Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33304-3398 Telephone: 954-563-5961 Guest Fax: 954-564-5261 Sales Fax: 954-568-3003 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 9 08:50:23 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA25802; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 08:50:22 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA08256; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 12:48:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008252; Tue, 9 Oct 01 12:47:18 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKY6HH00.AQP for ; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 12:44:05 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKY6T500.9FS; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 09:51:05 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA23386; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 09:51:05 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAArUaWPT; Tue, 9 Oct 01 09:51:04 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA09470 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 16:43:59 GMT Message-Id: <200110091643.QAA09470@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" Subject: RE: Beyond bioerosion - the last word? Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2001 12:07:19 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 931 On the positive side, there are points at which this discussion has been at the highest levels of scientific discourse, and many of us are grateful for the opportunity to see the important points defended through citation and example. Please keep smiling and keep going! John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Alan E Strong Sent: Friday, October 05, 2001 9:45 AM To: Mike Risk; Clive Wilkinson Cc: Joanie Kleypas; coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Beyond bioerosion - the last word? Mike, Why isn't anyone talking about how much coral we have ADDED since the 1998 bleaching event! At least I assume that what I hear from places like Fiji, USVI, Bahamas, Palau, GBR...is correct...? Clive, would you concur? You stated: "The difference between a discussion and an argument is: in an argument, no one has any intention of changing their mind. This is an argument, one that has gone on for over a month." (your words)...by your own definition it would appear that there can be no "substantive response."! If you intended this as an "argument" all along why was it posted and debated???? Good-bye, Al Mike Risk wrote: > I feel there is more that needs to be said on this, and other, issues. This > will, however, be my last submission on this particular topic. > > Given the involvement of CO2, I am moved to consider the analogy of > scientific papers as automobiles. I view most of my papers as I view my > 12-year-old Subaru, that sits mutely rusting outside: inconspicuous, easily > ignored, battered and beaten-but dependable transportation nonetheless. > Should someone volunteer to put some Bondo on it to fill in some of the > holes-well, be my guest. (You have Bondo? We need it up here.) > > The responses of Kleypas and co-authors to my comments on Kleypas et al > (hereafter KEA, not to be confused with KIE) put me in mind of someone > waxing a brand-new BMW: putting further polish on that which is already near > perfection. Woe betide those who would point out dents in a fender, or nicks > in a windshield...I had hoped for a response something along the lines of: > "OK, we know there were some holes in the first version. We invite you all > to help us do better next time."-but that isn't going to happen here. The > difference between a discussion and an argument is: in an argument, no one > has any intention of changing their mind. This is an argument, one that has > gone on for over a month. > > In that month, I estimate (using totally questionable assumptions!) that SE > Asia will have lost 2-3 coral species, and that coral cover on some of the > Florida Keys will have dropped another 2%. Reefs are in the midst of a mass > extinction event right now, and pH hasn't budged. (Yes, I know about the > open-ocean estimates-irrelevant, as you point out.) In the time I have spent > crafting these responses, I could have written a formal rebuttal of KEA, and > that is what I will now set out to do. > > I also sense that the tone of the exchanges is becoming harsher, which is > upsetting. I realise I am to a large extent at fault, here, being a direct > and rude type. Those who know me may feel I have been well- behaved, whereas > those who don't may wonder why Jim Hendee let this raving maniac on in the > first place. So. After this one, I will give up. I have concluded that there > will be no substantive response to any of my comments. > > I remain, as always, available for comments and exchanges, and would be > delighted to give of advice or information in any of the areas in which I > have some competence, as soon as I figure out what those areas may be. > > PREDICTIONS > To begin with: KEA have made their predictions, based on models they have > described in print and on the list. I am a field man (Omega, to me, always > meant expensive wristwatches), so I tend to look at field evidence. Just > about every reef worker (including Gattuso and Buddemeier) reports solution > of carbonate at night, when CO2 is elevated-and Halley's work shows that > this is solution of HMC. Additionally, KEA predict that corals should show a > 6-11% decline in calcification since about 1880. Lough and Barnes (2000) > show an INCREASE in calcification of 4%, an increase that closely matched > the prediction of increased calcification from elevated SST's. So at least > one of their predictions is wrong already. > > When I first saw KEA, I predicted that it would be used by managers to > divert resources away from local problems. This has already happened. In > addition, my doomsday scenario (Twenty and Out) is still running well, and I > will finish no worse than .500. > > OCEAN MODELS > My rude comments about modellers (which really weren't mine, as I point > out-although I ascribe to them) were met by Dr. Kleypas with the following > series of responses (paraphrasing): > -KEA really only used the HAMMOC model to illustrate the long time-scale > to buffering (although the model doesn't react quickly) > -there are models out there now that CAN react quickly (but we haven't > used them) > -and besides, there are all these famous oceanographers out there who > agree with us. > What can I possibly do, faced with this response, but retreat licking my > wounds? Seriously now, this is not convincing. > > Dr. Kleypas attempts to bolster her defense of the ocean models by > denigrating/downplaying the importance of Smith et al, Nature 1997 (that's > OK, so do the modellers). While she claims "corals from a single > location...do not provide adequate evidence" , that same finding was > trumpeted, by one of her own quoted oceanographers, as "The New Archive that > we've all been waiting for." Would you have asked Newton to wait for MORE > apples??? Sure, it's only one location-but it's the most precisely > constrained major climatic event ever to be described from the ocean record. > The results won't go away. The implications are that the Gulf Stream Return > Flow disappeared/deviated/whatever in 5 years. This implies a fundamental > mixing of the oceans during major climate changes, mixing which will screw > up the rest of the predictions in KEA. (I treat these postings as my > lectures-I only repeat myself if I feel the audience wasn't listening.) > > Note: for those of you interested in paleoclimatology: Smith et al 1997, and > the companion piece, Smith et al, 2000 (PALAIOS), provide an isotopic > Rosetta Stone, a solution to the annoying effects of KIE (this is a process > which makes many coral isotopic climate records simply undependable). > Precise water temperatures, any ocean, any coral, any depth. The "lines" > paper, in PALAIOS, took corals from all over the world, used thousands of > isotopic measurements to show that the slopes of lines in O-C space, > independent of KIE, were a thermometer. > > BIOEROSION > After Dr. Kleypas' response, I went back, and I searched through that Am. > Zool. volume, and By God I found it! In Kleypas et al, on p. 153, we see > (refs removed to save typing) "...nutrient excess probably limits reefs > indirectly by enhancing macroalgal competition for space, phtoplankton > competition for light, and bioerosion." And that's all. Instead of claiming > to have "mentioned bioerosion several times as an important control on reef > development," I think she should have 'fessed up, said "OK, we left it out, > we'll do better next time. Can you help us?" Ain't going to happen. (By the > way, the Gattuso et al paper in that same volume is one of the nicest > summaries of coral gas and nutrient metabolism I have read.) > > I'd like to go over some of this again. I do apologise in advance for some > of the self-citations: there has already been too much of this in these > exchanges. I do so only when one of my rusty old beaters was the only one > on the lot at the time... > > The classic studies on reef budgets were done in the early 70's, based on > field work done (in some cases) commenced in the 60's. The results have > never been challenged: bioerosion equals calcification, with large errors. > (Where calcification spikes up, we get reefs-where it does not...sediment.) > There have been a few studies directly relating bioerosion rates to nutrient > concentrations. Rose and Risk (1985-Mar Ecol 6: 345-363) found that density > of Cliona delitrix increased in lockstep with the abundance in the water > column of fecal bacteria. (No phosphates, no nitrates-plain old poop. Turtle > poop.) > > Since the early 70's, when those papers were done, coastal nutrient > concentrations/eutrophication levels have AT LEAST doubled. In other words, > bioerosion is now FAR MORE IMPORTANT than the corals! The treatment of this > subject in the Amer Zool volume simply exposes the huge lacuna in the > skill-set of today's reef biologists. > > So reef monitoring programs that omit bioerosion are a joke, as are reef > growth models. It is to be hoped that rapid readjustments are under way as > we speak. > > But let us examine the role of bioerosion in calcification > budgets/alkalinity reduction studies. > > Microborers have been around since the PreCambrian, and comprise several > phyla: blue-green algae (yeah, I know, Cyanobacteria-but geologists still > call them blue-greens), greens, reds, fungi...They are in every grain of > sediment, every coral, every shell, every coral that has ever been stuck > into a metabolic chamber...most of the destruction is done by the green > algae, via secretion of short-chain organic acids, such as formic, oxalic > (good for taking rust off cars), malic. As usual, the stoichiometry eludes > me, but here is what I see: > -because they manufacture short organic acids thru photosynthesis, the > CO2 balance may be close to a push (one in, couple out). > -their eroding activities, however, crank up alkalinity values, via a > process that appears in the gas-exchange models as PS. In other words, the > O2 production of the corals, which is calcification, is mixed with the O2 > production by alkalinity-pushers. > > That's just the greens. There is evidence that the blue-greens may be > heterotrophic-like graduate students, there's no telling WHAT they do at > night...the fungi are saprobic, dikaryomycotan anamorphs-common terrestrial > fungi. You have some in your fridge now, on the bottom shelf, at the back > there. (Kendrick et al. 1982, Bull Mar Sci 32: 862). They invaded via > beachrock or.....African dust! > > I had hoped that Bellamy and Risk (1982: Science 215: 1618-1619) would have > been more widely absorbed by calcification modellers: we found very large > amounts of oxygen, produced by boring algae, stored in the tips of Millepora > on the GBR. If you "ping off" a tip, not only will you see clouds of > bubbles, you may even hear the hiss of escaping gas. (No, please don't do > it!) Shasher and colleagues, in Israel, in a series of elegant experiments > on "life in extreme environments", estimated that the amount of respiration, > the metabolism, of boring algae lying directly under live coral tissue was > small-so perhaps they may safely be ignored? No. > > On the contrary: the ones in corals are light-limited. In sediments and > hardgrounds, they have a major impact. Tudhope and Risk (1985: J. > Sedimentary Petrology 55: 440-447) estimated that boring algae dissolved > between 18 and 30% of the TOTAL sediment input into GBR lagoons. These were > extremely conservative estimates, and the real value is undoubtedly higher. > In that paper, there is a section on the relevance of the results to > whole-reef calcification estimates using alkalinity reduction techniques. P. > 446: "...loss of carbonate from the reef system due to dissolution of > sediments by microborers is a more important factor in whole-reef budgets > than previously recognised"-and it remains unrecognised. > > I would invite KEA to explain to me, and the list, how the influence of > microborers on gas exchange over reefs has been handled in their models. > > Finally, I am deeply distressed that my anguish at the demise of the > ecosystem in which I have spent most of my life should be dismissed as pique > at "my own reef issue being overshadowed" by the predictions in KEA. > Firstly, I don't think their predictions are worth much-but far more > importantly: I am as far as I know the only reef scientist who has had the > courage to speak out in print against the factionalism that paralyses reef > science (Risk 1999, Mar. FW Res 50: 831-837). It is unacceptable to me that > I be accused of the same turf-war mentality. It is unacceptable, and I am > very angry about it. > > Message ends-thank you all for your indulgence. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 9 13:18:11 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA01215; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 13:18:10 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA13741; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 17:15:51 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013711; Tue, 9 Oct 01 17:15:20 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKYIW800.MSM for ; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 17:12:08 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKYJ7W00.JSQ; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 14:19:08 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA29473; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 14:19:07 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAIbaOD5; Tue, 9 Oct 01 14:19:06 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA09996 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 9 Oct 2001 21:13:51 GMT Message-Id: <200110092113.VAA09996@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 09 Oct 2001 15:53:24 -0400 From: "Alan E Strong" To: Coral-list CC: John naughton Subject: Test SST Anomaly and Coral Bleaching HotSpots Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 932 Potential Bleaching for Palau: http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/icg/cl2.html The WebSite shown above is our revised Hotspot chart based on new Pathfinder SSTs (we believe are improved from our original charts). The SST time series shows: http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/sub/sst_series_palau_cur.html SSTs now are higher than the previous event back in June and early July, when some slight paling was reported at Palau, and have risen rapidly this month. Hopefully this high temperature episodes is short lived... Verification (positive or negative) appreciated. Regards, Al Strong NOAA's Coral Reef Watch Project -- **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* Alan E. Strong Acting Chief, Oceanic Research & Applications Division Team Leader, Marine Applications Science Team (MAST) Phys Scientist/Oceanographer NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 Alan.E.Strong@noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8572 http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 10 06:06:07 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA10317; Wed, 10 Oct 2001 06:06:06 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA22130; Wed, 10 Oct 2001 10:03:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022120; Wed, 10 Oct 01 10:03:30 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKZTKI00.BTC for ; Wed, 10 Oct 2001 10:00:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GKZU0Q00.7FG; Wed, 10 Oct 2001 10:10:02 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA00517; Wed, 10 Oct 2001 10:10:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAToaO5a; Wed, 10 Oct 01 10:10:01 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA11842 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 10 Oct 2001 14:02:52 GMT Message-Id: <200110101402.OAA11842@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2001 09:55:09 -0500 From: "Gang Liu" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Information on Okinawa bleaching event Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 933 Some available information on Okinawa bleaching event in the past few months is posted on NOAA/NESDIS Web page: http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/sig_event_txt.html by NOAA Coral Reef Watch Program (http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/orad/coral_bleaching_index.html). Additional information will be appreciated. Gang ============================ Gang Liu, Ph.D. NOAA/NESDIS/ORA E/RA3 NOAA Science Center, Rm 711 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs, MD 20746 Tel: 301-763-8176 ext 30 Fax: 301-763-8108 Email: Gang.Liu@noaa.gov ============================ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 11 02:42:51 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA25658; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 02:42:51 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA08307; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 06:40:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008294; Thu, 11 Oct 01 06:40:08 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL1ETJ00.0WT for ; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 06:36:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL1F5700.O6N; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 03:43:55 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA05625; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 03:43:56 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAp_aa_k; Thu, 11 Oct 01 03:43:55 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA05483 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 10:36:34 GMT Message-Id: <200110111036.KAA05483@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2001 08:45:06 -1000 From: Paul Holthus To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Marine Aquarium Council News: 3rd Quarter 2001 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 934 MARINE AQUARIUM COUNCIL Certification for Quality and Sustainability in the Collection, Culture and Commerce of Marine Ornamentals MAC News�� =�� 3rd Quarter 2001 Welcome In this issue of MAC News, we are pleased to announce the upcoming launch of the MAC Certification system and to recognize industry operators, public aquarium personnel and private hobbyists who are already committed to its success. You will also be updated on the MAC feasibility studies and test cases and learn about our upcoming marketing campaign. Answers to your Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on certification are now posted on the MAC Website. MAC Certification Launch and Logo Unveiling Set for November The MAC Certification system will be launched Nov. 27, 2001, during the 2nd International Conference on Marine Ornamentals, Orlando, Fla. The MAC Certification label will also be unveiled at this time. The certification launch means collection areas and industry operators can become MAC Certified, using the MAC Standards and accreditation and certification system that will have been finalized following completion of field tests. Numerous marine aquarium industry operators, especially exporters and importers, have signaled their plans to become certified as soon as possible. For more information, contact David.Vosseler@aquariumcouncil.org. Industry Statement of Commitment to MAC Certification Now Available Companies interested in becoming MAC Certified are being asked to send MAC a signed "Statement of Commitment."� Companies that sign the statement will be listed on the MAC Web site as having made this commitment. By signing the "Statement of Commitment," companies agree to =B7��Seek to become certified as soon as possible and inform their suppliers and buyers of this. =B7��Actively educate their suppliers and buyers about the benefits of following standards for an environmentally sound and sustainable industry and being MAC Certified. =B7��Promote MAC Certification as evidence of their company=92s commitment. =B7��Use their best efforts to seek suppliers and buyers who also follow the MAC Standards. =B7��Distribute MAC brochures and other materials with shipments to suppliers and buyers. =B7��Send to MAC, in confidence, a list of their suppliers and buyers to assist industry outreach. =B7��Provide import/export data, in confidence, to the Global Marine Aquarium Database. Interested industry operators can download the statement (www.aquariumcouncil.org Industry Responds Favorably to MAC Outreach U.S. importers, wholesalers and retailers showed overwhelming support for MAC Certification during recent industry outreach efforts. In August, presentations by MAC Executive Director Paul Holthus and others at the Marine Aquarium Conference of North America (MACNA) Conference in Baltimore, Md., were enthusiastically received. In his keynote speech, JEN (Charlie) Veron, author of Corals of the World, praised MAC efforts to ensure the marine ornamental trade is sustainable. The MAC booth distributed hundreds of brochures, and the MAC Network grew to nearly 2,700 members. Industry support for MAC continued strong in September during meetings with major marine aquarium importers and wholesalers in the Los Angeles area. Eight agreed to participate in the MAC Certification test cases in October and others committed to becoming MAC Certified as soon as possible. MAC Industry Coordinator David Vosseler spearheaded the East and West Coasts efforts and will target the Chicago area in October in conjunction with the Backer Trade Show and the Florida area in November in conjunction with the Marine Ornamentals Conference. In Indonesia, the Association of Coral and Fish Exporters (AKKII) has agreed to =B7��Activ= ely promote MAC Certification among AKKII members; =B7��Enco= urage AKKII members to seek MAC Certified organisms from all of its suppliers and work to ensure that its buyers become MAC Certified; and =B7��Provide support to all capacity building activities conducted by MAC partner organizations. Public Aquarium Partnerships Continue to Strengthen Public aquarium support for MAC Certification is making headway on several fronts. =B7��The American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA), which met this September in Saint Louis, is finalizing its draft acquisition policy, which strongly supports MAC Certification. =B7��The Ocean Project (TOP)?a collaboration of aquariums, zoos, museums and other educational instituitons?continues to feature MAC in its quarterly newsletters. =B7��SeaW= eb is working with MAC to broker relationships with public aquariums interested in hosting national and regional media events promoting MAC Certification. Pubic aquariums are being asked to support MAC Certification through these activities: =B7��Commi= t to buying only MAC Certified organisms when available and advertise that commitment to suppliers and the public. =B7��Adve= rtise support for MAC in aquarium display areas, Web sites, newsletters, public forums, etc., and distribute MAC information on sustainable fisheries. Hobbyist Outreach Efforts Ramp Up A presentation for hobbyist clubs and aquarium societies on sustainable aquarium fisheries is being developed to increase consumer awareness of and confidence in MAC Certification. It will initially be delivered by MAC spokespersons and eventually be available on video. MAC is also beefing up its presence on the Internet. Mary Middlebrook, an importer/wholesaler in the Los Angeles area, hosted a chat session that promoted MAC on reefs.org on Sept. 23. The transcript is available at www.reefs.org/library/info@aquariumcouncil.org. Update: Certification Feasibility Studies and Test Cases The Philippines Feasibility Studies indicate that several reef-to-export chains can participate in the certification test cases at the end of October 2001. Most encouraging is the very high level of achievement of less than 1 percent dead on arrival (DOA) from reef to collector and in many cases 0 percent DOA. MAC=92s partner in the Philippines feasibility work, International Marinelife Alliance, has trained several collector cooperatives in the independent certification process. Interaction and feedback from the sessions are enabling the training manuals for collectors to be finalized and published prior to the certification test cases. Test case participants will include Philippines reef-to-export chains and U.S. and European import-to-retail chains. New MAC Staff Sylvia Spalding and Michelle Lam joined the MAC staff recently. Sylvia heads the MAC communications efforts and is based in Honolulu. Michelle coordinates MAC efforts in the South Pacific and is based in Honiara, Solomon Islands. She replaced Esaroma Ledua, who was based in Fiji and resigned in July. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 11 05:23:33 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA28033; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 05:23:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA10771; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 09:21:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010745; Thu, 11 Oct 01 09:20:59 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL1M9M00.NUN for ; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 09:17:46 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL1MLC00.1CY; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 06:24:48 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA22817; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 06:24:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmvaiJS; Thu, 11 Oct 01 06:24:47 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA01178 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 11 Oct 2001 13:21:18 GMT Message-Id: <200110111321.NAA01178@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2001 09:14:08 -0400 From: Frank Muller-Karger Organization: University of South Florida To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Landsat RSE Special Issue - congrats! Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 935 Dear Colleagues: The special issue of Remote Sensing of Environment dedicated to Landsat is out. Congratulations to the Landsat ST for a job well done! This volume includes several papers that are relevant to aquatic/marine applications of Landsat data. These papers represent a very substantial step in making Landsat more useful to a larger community. The following titles are of interest to the marine science community, including in particular coral reef researchers: Remote Sensing of Environment (Elsevier) Volume 78, Issues 1-2, Pages 1-220 (October 2001) -------------------------------------------------- Landsat 7's long-term acquisition plan an innovative approach to building a global imagery archive, Pages 13-26 Terry Arvidson, John Gasch and Samuel N. Goward Atmospheric correction and cross-calibration of LANDSAT-7/ETM+ imagery over aquatic environments: A multiplatform approach using SeaWiFS/MODIS, Pages 99-107 Chuanmin Hu, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Serge Andrefouet and Kendall L. Carder Calibration of Landsat thermal data and application to water resource studies, Pages 108-117 John R. Schott, Julia A. Barsi, Bryce L. Nordgren, Nina Gibson Raque�o and Dilkushi de Alwis Change detection in shallow coral reef environments using Landsat 7 ETM+ data, Pages 150-162 Serge Andr�fou�t, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Eric J. Hochberg, Chuanmin Hu and Kendall L. Carder ------------------------------------------- The paper by Terry Arvidson, John Gasch and Samuel N. Goward (Landsat 7's long-term acquisition plan an innovative approach to building a global imagery archive, Pages 13-26) documents the very significant effort that NASA and the USGS have placed in covering global coral reefs. As a result of the Landsat data acquisition plan, there is a very complete inventory of images covering coral reef areas around the globe. Most areas have been acquired more than once. Thanks to NASA and the USGS for this support. Frank -- ______________ FMK ______________ Frank Muller-Karger Remote Sensing/Biological Oceanography College of Marine Science University of South Florida 140 7th Ave. South St Petersburg, FL 33701 Phones: (727) 553-3335 Office (727) 553-1186 Lab. (727) 553-1103 FAX e-mail/www: << carib@carbon.marine.usf.edu >> << http://paria.marine.usf.edu>> _________________________________ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 12 02:35:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA14304; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 02:35:29 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA00323; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 06:33:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000315; Fri, 12 Oct 01 06:32:44 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL395600.9YZ for ; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 06:29:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL39GW00.R7K; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 03:36:32 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA18421; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 03:36:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAeCaG_J; Fri, 12 Oct 01 03:36:31 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA03413 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 10:30:13 GMT Message-Id: <200110121030.KAA03413@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2001 19:04:26 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: purple brown "holes" in P. meandrina Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 936 Hi all, Our corals didn't do very well this summer. Many (P. meandrina) got killed by a Cladophora algae bloom. Of those that did survive several looked "pocked" with purply-brown blemishes like this example. In Summer 2000 one of our favourite corals had also showed this condition. Upon our return in July 2001, it was dead and smothered with algae. Anyone know what those purply-brown "holes" are? Thanks, Ursula Keuper-Bennett TURTLE TRAX http://www.turtles.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 12 02:35:30 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA14306; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 02:35:29 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA00324; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 06:33:09 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000316; Fri, 12 Oct 01 06:32:53 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL395G00.BY1 for ; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 06:29:40 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL39H600.314; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 03:36:42 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA18425; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 03:36:42 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9Yaa_J; Fri, 12 Oct 01 03:36:41 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA03420 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 10:31:12 GMT Message-Id: <200110121031.KAA03420@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2001 16:07:45 -0700 (PDT) From: Silvia Pinca Reply-To: milviapin@yahoo.com Subject: nutrient analysis in RMI? To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 937 Dear listers, living in the Marshall Islands and working in a small community college doesn't make research easy. Lack of reference resources is the major obstruction to it. Can you please help? We are trying to set up a water quality assessment plan, while training local students to it. WE desperatly need protocols for nutrients analysis (Tot N and tot P, essentially). Does anybody have a PDF or TXT format protocol to donate to the College of the MArshall islands? Thank you very much in advance, Sincerely, ===== Silvia Pinca, Marine Science Program College of the Marshall Islands P.O. Box 1258 Majuro, MH 96960 ph. 692-625-5903 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make a great connection at Yahoo! Personals. http://personals.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 12 05:38:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA16551; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 05:38:01 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA02435; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 09:35:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002425; Fri, 12 Oct 01 09:34:52 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL3HKQ00.NXO for ; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 09:31:38 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL3HWH00.07F; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 06:38:41 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA05079; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 06:38:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmGaq5j; Fri, 12 Oct 01 06:38:40 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA03852 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 13:30:44 GMT Message-Id: <200110121330.NAA03852@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2001 09:25:38 -0400 From: Steven Miller To: coral list server Subject: job opportunity in Florida Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 938 POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT Research Associate for Coral Reef Rapid Assessment and Monitoring Program in the Florida Keys University of North Carolina at Wilmington 515 Caribbean Drive Key Largo, Florida 33037 (position is located in Key Largo, Florida) DESCRIPTION One person will be hired to work full time as part of UNCW's rapid assessment and monitoring program in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The program focus includes marine protected areas and also addresses community structure and condition at multiple spatial scales in nearshore to offshore habitats. The position involves extensive fieldwork using scuba diving and rapid turn-around of data for analysis and publications. Field work includes 3-5 trips each year that average 7-14 days throughout the Keys, as well as daily excursions from Key Largo and other locations. Fieldwork includes scuba diving from depths of 5-30 m. Underwater tasks include rapid assessments of community structure and condition. Taxonomic expertise, especially species level identification skills for Caribbean/Florida fauna and flora, in two or more of the following groups is required: gorgonians, sponges, corals. Taxonomic expertise with one or more the following groups is desired: decapods, gastropods, anemones, algae, or fish. Data are collected using pencils and slates so the ability to work efficiently and accurately underwater is required. Experience organizing and conducting extended field operations is desirable. The position requires at B.S. (M.S. or Ph.D. preferred) in biology or marine science, knowledge of ecological sampling techniques, dive and small boat experience, and familiarity with computers (experience with large data sets preferred) and statistical programs (SAS preferred). The position will be hired at the Research Associate level through UNCW's Center for Marine Science, with responsibilities including the field work described above, and laboratory work related to data management, statistical analysis, and writing. The position is for one year with the possibility of additional support for several years. HIRING RANGE: $28,000 - $34,000: commensurate with experience. DEADLINE TO APPLY: Priority consideration will be given to applications received before November 2, 2001, however applications will be accepted until the position is filled. START DATE: Negotiable. Applicants should send a letter that outlines experience related to the above description, a resume, three letters of reference, and an official college transcript to: Dr. Steven L. Miller, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, National Undersea Research Center, 515 Caribbean Drive, Key Largo, Florida 33037. For questions or further information please contact Steven Miller (Tel: 305-451-0233, email: millers@uncwil.edu). "UNCW is Equal opportunity, affirmative action employer." --------------5633EB8DB3F06425028D6D5F Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="smiller.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Steven Miller Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="smiller.vcf" begin:vcard n:; x-mozilla-html:FALSE adr:;;;;;; version:2.1 end:vcard --------------5633EB8DB3F06425028D6D5F-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 12 07:07:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA18320; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 07:07:43 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA04485; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 11:05:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004451; Fri, 12 Oct 01 11:04:34 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL3LQ900.KYD for ; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 11:01:21 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL3M1Z00.CG0; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 08:08:23 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA18881; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 08:08:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPvay1K; Fri, 12 Oct 01 08:08:21 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA04054 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 12 Oct 2001 15:03:20 GMT Message-Id: <200110121503.PAA04054@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2001 10:48:25 -0400 From: Jonathan Kelsey To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Coral Reef Coordinator Vacancy - Saipan, CNMI Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 939 The following is a vacancy announcement for a Coral Reef Coordinator position located within the Coastal Resources Management Office of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Please direct inquiries to the appropriate individuals, as identified in the announcement below. Apologies for cross-postings. POSITION VACANCY Title: Coral Reef Coordinator Agency: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Coastal Resources Management Office Location: Saipan, CNMI Background Coral reef ecosystems are vitally important to the cultural and economic sustainability of residents in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). In addition to providing income and traditional and cultural uses, the structures produced by healthy coral reefs are the Island�s principle source of against storm events. As development and tourism prosper, it is important to evaluate, monitor, and manage surrounding reefs. As a founding member of the United States Coral Reef Task Force (US CRTF), the CNMI has developed, received funding, and initiated a comprehensive program aimed at conserving their coral reef resources. The program, the CNMI Coral Reef Initiative is made up of a number of individual projects focused on specific coral reef issues and is funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Department of Interior (DOI). Projects range from the development of marine protected areas to establishing Island-wide coral reef monitoring programs. Other U.S. Island members of the Task Force have similarly developed and received funding for their own initiatives. The Coral Reef Initiative in CNMI, due in part to the trans-boundary nature of coral reef management issues, is a cooperative effort driven by a number of territorial and federal agencies. The Coordinator works in the CNMI�s federally approved Coastal Resources Management Office (CRMO). In addition to serving as the land use planning and permitting agency for the Commonwealth, the CRMO has also been designated the point of contact for federally funded coral reef activities stemming from the Coral Reef Task Force. Other Commonwealth agencies involved in coral reef issues include the Department of Environmental Quality and Division of Fish and Wildlife. Recently the CRMO, in cooperation with these agencies, has guided CNMI to the legislation of its first marine protected area. Responsibilities The Coordinator will be the primary point of contact for coral reef management issues and activities in the CNMI. The responsibilities of the Coordinator are multi-dimensional and include: � Coordinate and provide leadership among the various territorial, regional, and federal agencies active in local, regional, and national coral reef management. � Coordinate and cooperate with the various territorial, regional, and federal agencies to develop a comprehensive coral reef monitoring program that includes benthic cover, coral communities, fish abundance, macro-invertebrate abundance, water quality, and biodiversity. � Analyze data and help prepare annual state of the reef report. � Assists developers in creating marine monitoring plans for permitted projects. � Develop relationships with local communities to build support for marine protected areas and coral reef conservation. � Develop management plans for coastal and marine areas, including marine protected areas. � The development of coral reef education and outreach material and activities for a wide range of audiences including school children, resource users such as fishermen and recreational operators, legislators, and the general public. � Federal grant management and reporting. Qualifications Applicants must be United States (US) Citizens or qualified CNMI Resident Workers per 3CMC Section 4412 (n). Applicants should have an academic and professional background in natural resource management, with specific experience in tropical marine ecosystems. Successful applicants will have an advanced degree in marine resource management, coastal zone management, or marine science with an emphasis on tropical ecosystems. In addition, successful applicants will have at least five (5) years experience in the following areas: � Comprehensive understanding of current practices and issues related to the long-term management of coastal and marine natural resources, particularly coral reefs. � Developing management plans for multi-use marine resource and protected areas. � Meeting facilitation, conflict resolution, and collaborative planning among stakeholders with diverse backgrounds and conflicting interests. � Developing and carrying out coral reef and water quality monitoring programs. � Effectively coordinating multi-agency working groups. � Developing and implementing a variety of outreach and educational materials for a wide range of audiences. � Working with the issues of remote, small island states. � SCUBA Certification. Interested Applicants Those interested in applying should submit the following: � Cover letter � Resume or CV � Copy of transcripts for all colleges and universities attended � Completed CNMI Government Application (faxed upon request) � Police Clearance (valid within 1 year) � At least one letter of recommendation Applications and documents should be directed to: Joaquin D. Salas, Acting Administrator CNMI Coastal Resources Management Office of the Governor P.O. Box 10007 2nd Floor Morgen Building San Jose Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950 Fax: (670) 234-0007 Questions and/or request for CNMI Government Application should be directed to: Bernie Pangelinan, Administrative Assistant Phone: (670) 234-6623 Email: c/o crm.permit@saipan.com Closing Date Applications and documents should be postmarked no later than 31 October 2001. -- Jonathan D. Kelsey Coastal Management Specialist, Pacific Region NOAA/NOS/Coastal Programs Division 1305 East-West Highway, 11th Floor, N/ORM3 Silver Spring, MD 20910 Phone: (301) 713-3155 x137 Fax: (301) 713-4367 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Oct 14 07:30:37 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA12354; Sun, 14 Oct 2001 07:30:37 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA25266; Sun, 14 Oct 2001 11:28:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025262; Sun, 14 Oct 01 11:28:09 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL7C5J00.O1L for ; Sun, 14 Oct 2001 11:24:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL7CLY00.D37; Sun, 14 Oct 2001 11:34:46 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA27622; Sun, 14 Oct 2001 11:34:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAovaO81; Sun, 14 Oct 01 11:34:44 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA08676 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 14 Oct 2001 15:18:19 GMT Message-Id: <200110141518.PAA08676@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: To: Subject: 54th GCFI and Caribbean MPA Symposium Date: Sat, 13 Oct 2001 08:04:29 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 940 In it's 54th year, the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute continues to unite managers, scientists, and NGOs to exchange the latest findings on a variety of issues related to the management and sustainability of the marine resources of the wider Caribbean. Proceedings of the institute are generated from the presentations and distributed to all attendees. This year our 54th Institute is in the Turks and Caicos Islands from 12 - 17 November 2001. The meeting is sponsored by The Department of Environment and Coastal Resources of the Turks and Caicos Islands, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Defense, The Nature Conservancy, and the Society for the Conservation of Reef Fish Aggregations. There will be a special two-day Symposium on Caribbean Marine Protected Areas: Practical Approaches to Achieve Economic and Conservation Goals with sessions dedicated to Case Studies, Connectivity at Differing Spatial Scales, and Capacity and Community Involvement. A special peer-reviewed publication will be generated from this unprecedented Symposium and will be distributed to all attendees. Other Special Sessions are on U.S./Caribbean Fisheries Policies Interactions and Conservation of Reef Fish Spawning Aggregations. Other sessions include Marine Fisheries Management, Invertebrate Biology and Fisheries, Recreational Fisheries, Developments in Caribbean Aquaculture with a focus on Offshore Aquaculture, and Biology of Reef and Pelagic Fishes. Complete registration is only $100 US ($50 US for students). For more information about the meeting or GCFI, go to http://www.gcfi.org/54th_gcfi.htm. The program is located at http://www.gcfi.org/54th/54thprogram.htm. Robert Glazer Chairman Board of Directors ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 15 05:33:37 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA23060; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 05:33:36 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA03477; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 09:31:16 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003468; Mon, 15 Oct 01 09:30:56 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL91E500.72N for ; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 09:27:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL91PY00.BLB; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 06:34:46 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA07057; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 06:34:46 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABBayXn; Mon, 15 Oct 01 06:34:45 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA10453 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 13:27:13 GMT Message-Id: <200110151327.NAA10453@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 15 Oct 2001 09:13:00 -0400 From: "PAM FLETCHER" To: Subject: Florida Artificial Reef Summit 2001 Update Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 941 For more information about the Summit visit http://www.marinefisheries.org/= conferences/index.htm 2001 Florida Artificial Reef Summit Artificial Reefs: "INTO THE NEW MILLENNIUM"=20 October 17, 2001 Through October 20, 2001 Fort Lauderdale, Florida=20 For the past thirteen years the State of Florida has sponsored artificial = reef summits for the purpose of bringing together people involved in = artificial reef projects throughout the state to discuss a variety of = issues relating to legislation, construction, and management. Emergent = themes from these sessions included trends in materials used, funding = sources, and recognition of the importance artificial reef research.=20 The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Broward County = Department of Planning and Environmental Protection, Nova Southeastern = University, and Florida Sea Grant will host the 2001 Florida Artificial = Reef Summit, to be held in greater Fort Lauderdale from October 17 - 20, = 2001. This will be the fifth state-wide conference on artificial reefs and = will encompass legislation, technology and research. Previous conferences = were held in Miami (1987), Tallahassee (1990 & 1993) and in Palm Beach = County (1998). Federal, state, and local government representatives as = well as scientist, researchers, regulators, program managers and others = interested persons from around the state will attend.=20 AGENDA Wednesday, October 17, 2001 7:00 to 10:00 pm Welcome Reception, NOVA Oceanographic Center, Dania = Beach=20 All other conference activities will be held at the Holiday Inn, Fort = Lauderdale Beach, 999 Fort Lauderdale Beach Boulevard, Fort Lauderdale, = Florida 33304=20 Thursday, October 18, 2001- Welcome and Updates=20 8:00 - 9:00 am Registration at the Holiday Inn, Fort Lauderdale Beach=20 9:00 - 9:15 Summit Overview and Welcome Eric Myers - Broward County Department of Planning and Environmental = Protection (DPEP) Dr. Roy Crabtree - Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission = (FWCC)=20 Dr. Richard Dodge - Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center, = National Coral Reef Institute 9:15 - 9:30 FWCC Artificial Reef Program Activities - Jon Dodrill, FWCC 9:30 - 9:45 National Issues Update - Ron Lukens, Gulf States Marine = Fisheries Commission 9:45 -10:00 Essential Fish Habitat Issues - Mike Johnson, National Marine = Fisheries Service=20 10:00 - 10:15 Break=20 Government Agency Updates 10:15 - 10:30 Army Corps of Engineers - Clif Payne, Pensacola Regulatory = Office 10:30 - 10:45 United States Coast Guard - Officer Dan Gronski 10:45 - 11:00 Maritime Administration (MARAD) - Curt Michanczyk, Ship = Disposal Program 11:00 - 11:15 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Ken = Forster, Charting 11:15 - 11:30 Florida Department of Environmental Protection - Timothy = Rach, Permitting 11:30 - 11:45 Florida Bureau of Marine Enforcement - Captain Mike = Lamphear=20 11:45 - 1:00 pm Lunch=20 Artificial Reef Program Updates 1:00 - 1:15 Florida Sea Grant Activity Update - Rich Novak, Florida Sea = Grant Florida's County Programs - Regional Updates 1:15 - 1:30 Southeast Region - Brian Flynn, Miami-Dade County 1:30 - 1:45 Northeast Region - Joe Nolin, Volusia County 1:45 - 2:00 Southwest Region - Chris Koepfer, Lee County=20 2:00 - 2:15 Northwest Region - Robert Turpin, Escambia County 2:15 - 2:45 International Reef Activities - Dr. Bill Seaman, Florida Sea = Grant=20 2:45 - 3:00 pm Break=20 Artificial Reef Monitoring Programs 3:00 - 3:30 FWCC Monitoring Grants Program - Bill Horn, Fish Census = Database 3:30 - 4:00 Alabama Artificial Reef Research: A Case Study - Andy = Strelcheck, FWCC=20 4:00 pm End of Day Sessions=20 5:00 - 8:00 pm Workshop - Ships as Artificial Reefs=20 Moderator: Kurtis Gregg, Florida Department of Environmental Protection = Intergovernmental Programs Speakers include: Denis Rushworth, MSCL, Inc. on the RAND Report and Tom = Maher, Marine Habitats Inc., on the progress of the two proposed vessels = for the Florida Keys .=20 Friday, October 19, 2001 - Technology Artificial Reef Developments 8:30 - 9:00 Artificial Reef Research in Broward County 1993 - 2000 - Dr. = Richard Spieler, NOVA Southeastern University Oceanographic Center 9:00 - 9:30 Comparisons of Five Reef Materials - Dr. Heyward Matthews, St. = Petersburg College 9:30 - 10:00 Socio-Economic Study of Reef Resources in Southeast Florida = and the Florida Keys - Dr. Grace Johns, Hazen and Sawyer, P.C.=20 10:00 -10:15 Break=20 10:15 - 10:45 Overview of Artificial Reef Use and Marine Protected Areas = (MPA) - James Bohnsack, National Marine Fisheries Service 10:45 - 11:15 Stability Analysis - Dr. Lee Harris, Florida Institute of = Technology 11:15 - 11:45 GIS Data Management - Christopher Friel, GIS Solutions, = Inc.=20 11:45 - 1:00 PM Lunch=20 Artificial Reef Mitigation=20 1:00 - 1:30 Qualities of Mitigation Habitat - Walt Jaap, Florida Marine = Research Institute 1:30 - 2:00 Palm Beach County Mitigation Projects - Carmen Vare, Department= of Environmental Resource Management 2:00 - 2:30 Broward County Mitigation Projects - Ken Banks, DPEP=20 2:30 - 2:45 Break=20 Artificial Reefs and Marine Protected Areas 2:45 - 3:15 Reef Environmental Education Foundation - Laddie Akins, = Executive Director 3:15 - 3:45 Marine Protected Zones & Artificial Reefs - Mel Bell, South = Carolina 3:45 - 4:15 MPA' s & Artificial Reefs - Jonathan Gorham, Indian River = County 4:15 - 4:45 Cedar Key Research Updates - Dr. Bill Lindberg, University of = Florida=20 4:45 End of Day Sessions=20 5:00 - 8:00 pm Poster and Video Reception=20 Saturday, October 20, 2001 - Monitoring Artificial Reef Monitoring Programs 8:30 - 10:45 Artificial Reef Evaluation Workshop, Florida Sea Grant Dr. Bill Seaman, Moderator with presenters: Drs. Steve Bortone, Bill = Lindberg, Walter Milon, Margaret Miller and Peter Sheng=20 10:45 - 11:00 Break=20 Regional Reef Research Teams - Monitoring Grant Project Updates 11:00 - 11:15 Palm Beach County Reef Research Team - Janet & Glenn Phipps 11:15 - 11:30 Jacksonville Reef Research Team - Lex Waters11:30 - 11:45 = Charlotte County Marine Research Team - Jon Hubertz 11:45 - 12:00 Organization for Artificial Reefs - Scott Vascavage Reef Summit 2001 Overview 12:00 - 12:30 Workshop Summaries - Jon Dodrill, FWCC 12:30 - 1:00 Summit Overview - Jon Dodrill, FWCC=20 1:00 pm Adjourn=20 2:00 pm Optional Local Dive Trip=20 REGISTRATION Registration forms are available on the internet at the page listed above. = Walk-ins are welcome. Registration will be $45.00 or $15.00 per day = attended (includes lunches and breaks).=20 ACCOMMODATIONS Holiday Inn, Fort Lauderdale Beach honors the government room rate of $65 = for Summit ''01 participants. Please reserve your rooms directly with the = hotel as early as you can, and let them know you are with the Florida = Artificial Reef Summit '01. For tax exemption please provide a valid State = of Florida tax-exempt certificate. Holiday Inn Fort Lauderdale Beach 999 North Atlantic Boulevard (A1A) Corner of A1A and Sunrise Boulevard Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33304-3398 Telephone: 954-563-5961 Guest Fax: 954-564-5261 Sales Fax: 954-568-3003 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 15 07:50:45 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA26840; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 07:50:45 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA08647; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 11:48:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008634; Mon, 15 Oct 01 11:48:14 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL97QZ00.B2N for ; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 11:44:59 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL982S00.ORH; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 08:52:04 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA02487; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 08:52:04 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAOQaa1e; Mon, 15 Oct 01 08:52:03 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA10842 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 15:41:59 GMT Message-Id: <200110151541.PAA10842@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" Cc: "Roger Reinhold" Subject: Oct. 26 deadline: 7th Intl Conf on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments Date: Mon, 15 Oct 2001 11:37:00 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 942 Just a reminder that the 7th International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments will be in Miami in May. The deadline for submission of summaries for proposed papers and posters is October 26. Please find information and register the summaries electronically via www.erim-int.com/CONF/marine/MARINE.html. It would be great to have a strong showing in coral reef remote sensing. I also encourage interested non-presenters to register for the conference. The presentations in this series of conferences are generally fascinating and occasionally spectacular. Here is the briefing on the Conference that I sent out earlier: "The Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments will be held 20-22 May 2002 at the Hyatt Regency Miami in Miami, Florida, USA. The three-day international conference will focus on the application of remote sensing and advanced geospatial information technologies to address real-world problems and improve decision-making in marine, inland water, and coastal environments. The conference also explores technology implementation strategies, while helping to shape future research directions. The technical program of plenary sessions, interactive poster presentations, and exhibits is designed to benefit all users of remote sensing with an interest in our aquatic and coastal resources. The applications-oriented program addresses all aspects of remote sensing, from fundamental processes and techniques to advanced data processing and information fusion, exploitation, and application. Technical sessions will address such topics as Sensors, Processing, and Data Sources; Ocean Processes; Biological and Geological Resources; Aquatic and Coastal Environments; Ecosystem Monitoring; and Climate and Meteorology. This diversity of topics provides a unique and rewarding opportunity for dialogue among ocean scientists and engineers; marine, freshwater, and coastal planners; natural resource managers; industry leaders; remote sensing specialists; local, state, and federal agencies; non-governmental organizations; educators and students. For more information, contact: Veridian International Conferences, P.O. Box 134008, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-4008 Phone: 1-734-994-1200 x3234; Fax: 1-734-994-5123; e-mail: nancy.wallman@veridian.com www.erim-int.com/CONF/marine/MARINE.html" ------=_NextPart_000_002A_01C1556D.B3FEC8E0 Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat" eJ8+IgAPAQaQCAAEAAAAAAABAAEAAQeQBgAIAAAA5AQAAAAAAADoAAEIgAcAGAAAAElQTS5NaWNy b3NvZnQgTWFpbC5Ob3RlADEIAQ2ABAACAAAAAgACAAEGgAMADgAAANEHCgAPAAsAJAAAAAEAIQEB A5AGALAKAAAiAAAACwACAAEAAAALACMAAAAAAAMAJgAAAAAACwApAAAAAAADADYAAAAAAB4AcAAB AAAAVgAAAE9jdC4gMjYgZGVhZGxpbmU6IDd0aCBJbnRsIENvbmYgb24gUmVtb3RlIFNlbnNpbmcg Zm9yIE1hcmluZSBhbmQgQ29hc3RhbCBFbnZpcm9ubWVudHMAAAACAXEAAQAAABYAAAABwVWPMOn9 BmMvwVYR1Z09AAA5l3cZAAACAR0MAQAAAB4AAABTTVRQOkpNQ01BTlVTQFJTTUFTLk1JQU1JLkVE VQAAAAsAAQ4AAAAAQAAGDgDwIxePVcEBAgEKDgEAAAAYAAAAAAAAABKZLW/jiNQRnTsAADmXdxnC gAAACwAfDgEAAAACAQkQAQAAAIwGAACIBgAAqgoAAExaRnVRwoCtAwAKAHJjcGcxMjUWMgD4C2Bu DhAwMzNPAfcCpARkAgBjaArAc/BldDAgCFUHsgKDAFCvA9QQ2QcTAoB9CoF2CJCkd2sLgGQ0DGBj AFBDCwMLtSBKdXMFQGHaIAlwbRSxEdF0EQAFQJEXEGUgNxcQIEkCMDsEkRcwaQIgB0ARcW5mewSQ CfBjF4ACIAfwFpBv7xgABlEAgQ8gIAIQBcEKwNcLgBeAAHBkEXFhFjAHQLMKogqARW4UYANgbgeA 1wIwBCAD8GwDIGIXgAuADwXQBzAWoB2TYXkuIMZUF3EBAGFkbBsCGpJ4c3ViFqAEEBhhGWBmvR+x bQDACIEEIBqScANg3HBvETAbYAqwcASQBCAfG0IhsRgBBCAEACBPY0x0bx1wBcAyNh6QUP5sHwAR MBqAFLEdkRqRAMD3GFIbMwlwZwQAGAEXUyCoPmUkQCOAHJEN4AdAbHlWIBRgFmB3KJAuBnFtEi0L gHQuBaBtL0MwT05GLyDSGxAvTQBBUklORS5odFhtbC4b9Bv0SQVAdz0IYGwbYB1xCcEXMm8gPREA dhshH7Anohpwc2j+bwPwGmEdoQWhGJEJ0SCAXxaBGdIRMBozHpBJFlBsznMtEBkhCGFhZx2CGAHX B5AYABtgbgIgLSGAB5D/HNEiQi0BJfcakhdiBaAY5v8elDJ1GEMjIQOgFxAjQREw/yDzIHE0aCJh CXAskAnwBJD1KANmG6BjC4AYQRphG0Lcb2Mn8CAiKANzIjAjgN8A0CwwCsAekCsqSBkBIzL9F2Ji CIEkoRpwGXEXYhjJbxcTMHAyohlgdQVAHwByOx8wBJA6EmIrOQKxICL/HrIGYC1QAjAXzxjfGe8a /x8cDx0XF3AsQQHQLTIymx5SSFEwSKAXNUh5FzB3BUBEEDhhYygwHdgd4iwFRmRGCQFpZGEsIHhV U0EekB6jFxAJ0S3/TEAoMDGDQqc0aB0UAhA7MP83ET3DRmQiIAtQJ+ElYyBx9y98RaMfEHYAcEOw RdAxUP8hwAqwQsBDAST6QnAQ8DIwvwkAJhAHkEZkLQEfEGQxwfMEICyxbC0sED/wIfEDYP8CYBaQ ImQHcCGBLVEFgQQA/ULRLQDAFKEucyn0TGALgPcPAQsxRoJ3FzAEkExgRbJ/BaBGEzDRRuhMtU6p MJR47wtQBbAHkVTneUZkWDFXod81pi2SWzFVYkxgdzaAJED9SAJwRMItAS4QIiFE8D+g/whwF4Ay ggrAEPAe4EbwJ4H/NfIrG0zjVPIn4iFyCcAd8PcgYmAxQqByOrFWcTXyWkL/QnEA0ELALVEixDVc W3NGZPNegDaAYmkc8SNBAQAAkP5nRYBF0C0BHXBFgCSgFkH/HUEWICJCUY8dEUIhA5Exhk8dkUZk CGEWUHF1QrFjP1uLMcEIYTfhHpRQyXMt/0wRMrJXQ2azVjVVhm0CRhD/OuJtjw8gTGADUmMhFMAd 8P81omZjN+FnsUWjZeRwoF7i/m9QZVL2TEABkHiGOYYk+v9jMCAiTGBeg2tQQrNbdFDJ/2TcZfdn th0UVjYfwGQBI5B9YlBjImEGQgCABbBhkVBbe5dbdER7QUZkU3IEO98jYR8AA6CD1YXCQkLQVUL7 ZkJFskdTgIdGRBBx9YXgbkFwqEZkRfUgRsqF4EXZBaBzeSLhZuBNJ8EjkH1FYWeF4EWzHzAlQUWU Tf8RQFOAA2Bfch6SBABGZGQw/y1QESBrUCgwIHGCpVhSTDD/N/JtMHmzJaVbIAsgPXNQ0P8JEZGR kBFFAmQwB0BVUApQ/1BlBGA9goYTOSEc0SYhImT/CfAmEEWAIkGF4FnmA1AHkP5oWy9mYQ8BOIGF 0EZkQqH/MSFxuFnRQqAxUJbiFLEWIf9ngSRBBIGF0VG9OtIHMZXi/4XgCQAn8UuFRiFCcFt0Q2C/ BIGHkkpCIQGF4DIyZ1hxlwSgeCUFsGcAcGl6NdR/heAJgBUAFzCDgWpoFjB19wEAXOIrKkYFsQRg PIIlCLdMYDRhOxF0QEBGc1YGcZ+T4QOgQl83loOxLk8ekIBCb3ggMTM0SRB6OExgQZlQE6EG4Fth TdEwcDQ4MarALariRmSWUC4gRYA6qrAtN6rQOC05Oa3QDiBJECB4jDMyqtCF4EZheK16+jUOIDOj EVkxAxCnhajQ3UphLpfwHUADgUCPwagj3ylSWsUorym/KsMiQIxAewUUIQC3kAsAAIAIIAYAAAAA AMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAAOFAAAAAAAAAwACgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAEIUAAAAAAAADAAeA CCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAABShQAA+W8BAB4ACYAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAFSFAAAB AAAABAAAADkuMAALAA2ACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAACChQAAAQAAAAsAEYAIIAYAAAAAAMAA AAAAAABGAAAAAAaFAAAAAAAAAwASgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAAYUAAAAAAAALABuACCAG AAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAAOhQAAAAAAAAMAHIAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAABGFAAAAAAAA AwAegAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAGIUAAAAAAAACAfgPAQAAABAAAAASmS1v44jUEZ07AAA5 l3cZAgH6DwEAAAAQAAAAEpktb+OI1BGdOwAAOZd3GQIB+w8BAAAAggAAAAAAAAA4obsQBeUQGqG7 CAArKlbCAABQU1RQUlguRExMAAAAAAAAAABOSVRB+b+4AQCqADfZbgAAAEM6XFdJTkRPV1NcTG9j YWwgU2V0dGluZ3NcQXBwbGljYXRpb24gRGF0YVxNaWNyb3NvZnRcT3V0bG9va1xtYWlsYm94LnBz dAAAAAMA/g8FAAAAAwANNP03AAACAX8AAQAAADgAAAA8TkVCQkpORExCQ0pKQkVQSUpFSkJBRUVL Q1BBQS5qbWNtYW51c0Byc21hcy5taWFtaS5lZHU+AAMABhCW8urwAwAHEPMHAAADABAQAAAAAAMA ERAAAAAAHgAIEAEAAABlAAAASlVTVEFSRU1JTkRFUlRIQVRUSEU3VEhJTlRFUk5BVElPTkFMQ09O RkVSRU5DRU9OUkVNT1RFU0VOU0lOR0ZPUk1BUklORUFORENPQVNUQUxFTlZJUk9OTUVOVFNXSUxM QkVJTgAAAAD9Bw== ------=_NextPart_000_002A_01C1556D.B3FEC8E0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 15 09:41:29 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA29107; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 09:41:29 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA10943; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 13:39:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010937; Mon, 15 Oct 01 13:38:45 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL9CV900.H4J for ; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 13:35:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GL9D6Z00.FXK; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 10:42:35 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA20012; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 10:42:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABIaieN; Mon, 15 Oct 01 10:42:34 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA11074 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 15 Oct 2001 17:35:11 GMT Message-Id: <200110151735.RAA11074@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 15 Oct 2001 13:22:22 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: kenyon mobley Subject: Post-Doc opportunities at Georgia Institute of Technology Cc: Mark Hay , Julia Kabanek Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 943 Note: This message is advertised: http://www.biology.gatech.edu/postdoc_openings.html Applications are currently being reviewed and considered. Please do not respond to sender but to those directly to those involved School of Biology Postdoctoral Fellow Openings Georgia Tech's Schools of Biology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Civil and Environmental Engineering are searching for as many as 6 Post-Doctoral Fellows to join an interdisciplinary group in Aquatic Chemical Signaling and Ecology. Georgia Tech's new program in Aquatic Chemical Signaling invites recent Ph.D.s to apply for post-doctoral positions working with faculty and graduate students in a collaborative, interdisciplinary, and well-funded research effort combining chemistry, ecology, fluid dynamics, and sensory biology and physiology. We are especially interested in candidates who bridge disciplinary borders between chemistry, biology and physics, or in highly trained scientists from a single discipline who now want to broaden their approach to include interdisciplinary questions. Positions are available on the main campus in Atlanta and at Georgia Tech's new marine facility at Skidaway Island, Ga. Also see www.biology.gatech.edu. 1) Two NSF IGERT Post-doctoral Fellows - These are multidisciplinary positions spanning chemistry, ecology, fluid dynamics, and sensory biology and physiology. We seek applicants to conduct research and help train IGERT graduate students at the juncture of two, or more, of the above disciplines. This program is devoted to training graduate students and post-docs in investigations of how chemical signals are produced, transported, received, and processed in aquatic systems, as well as the role of chemical signaling in affecting population and community structure. Selected candidates may have considerable flexibility in choices of processes (defense, mate selection, prey sensing) and systems (coral reefs, plankton, microbes) to investigate. One position will be on campus at Georgia Tech, the other at Skidaway Island. For questions contact Dr. Mark Hay at mark.hay@biology.gatech.edu or any of the IGERT faculty listed at http://www.biology.gatech.edu/igert.htm. 2) Dreyfus Foundation Environmental Chemistry Post-doc - Candidates should have a Ph.D. in organic, biological, or analytical chemistry, and be interested in applying their skills to ecological and environmental questions. The postdoc can choose among a broad range of projects focused on aquatic chemical signaling in systems such as coral reefs, rivers, lakes, or the open ocean plankton, exploring the role of chemistry in defending organisms from natural enemies (e.g. predators, competitors, parasites), in sexual attraction and mate tracking, in locating food, etc. Previous experience in ecology or environmental research is not required; instead, this opportunity is intended to enable a trained chemist to contribute to a new research area. Field and laboratory resources and training in ecological techniques at our Atlanta campus and at our marine lab on Skidaway Island, GA, are available. For questions, contact Dr. Julia Kubanek at julia.kubanek@biology.gatech.edu. 3) Phytoplankton Chemical Ecology - We seek candidates with expertise in the natural products chemistry of phytoplankton, phytoplankton ecology, culturing techniques, and/or phytoplankton-grazer interactions to work with a NSF Biocomplexity funded multidisciplinary group investigating the direct and cascading effects of chemical signaling in affecting interactions between Phaeocystis and its natural enemies. This position will be located at Georgia Tech's new marine facility at Skidaway Island, Ga. For questions, contact Dr. Mark Hay at mark.hay@biology.gatech.edu. 4) Freshwater Chemical Ecology and Plant-Herbivore Interactions - We seek candidates with expertise in the ecology of aquatic macrophytes or invertebrates, in macrophyte-herbivore interactions, and/or chemical defenses of aquatic macrophytes. Experience with aquatic systems in the southeastern United States is desirable. The position will be located on campus at Georgia Tech. For questions, contact Dr. Mark Hay at mark.hay@biology.gatech.edu. 5) Soft-Substrate Marine Ecology - We seek candidates with experience in experimental studies of factors affecting the population and community structure of marine soft-substrate communities. An interest in chemical signaling will be advantageous. This position will be located at Georgia Tech's new marine facility at Skidaway Island, Ga. For questions, contact Dr. Mark Hay at mark.hay@biology.gatech.edu. Salaries range from $32,000-36,000/yr with benefits. Applicants should send a resume, up to 3 reprints, a statement of research interests, and have 3 letters of references sent to: Aquatic Post-doc Search, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230. Applications will be considered beginning October 15, 2001. Georgia Institute of Technology is a unit of the University System of Georgia and an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. Kenyon Mobley School of Biology Georgia Institute of Technology 310 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0230 email: gtg842d@prism.gatech.edu cell phone (404)-394-3574 Fax: 404-894-0519 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 16 23:26:56 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id XAA26256; Tue, 16 Oct 2001 23:26:55 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA10029; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 03:24:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010025; Wed, 17 Oct 01 03:24:24 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLC9RB00.G7C for ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 03:21:11 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLCA3300.M83; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 00:28:15 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id AAA08431; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 00:28:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoca4Cq; Wed, 17 Oct 01 00:28:14 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA14017 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 07:11:12 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f15.law3.hotmail.com [209.185.241.15]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA14105 for ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 03:10:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 00:10:21 -0700 Received: from 195.109.183.3 by lw3fd.law3.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 07:10:21 GMT X-Originating-IP: [195.109.183.3] From: "Dirk Petersen" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Reproduction of Eusmilia fastigiata Date: Wed, 17 Oct 2001 07:10:21 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 17 Oct 2001 07:10:21.0425 (UTC) FILETIME=[C8C44610:01C156DA] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 944 Dear Coral-listers! Does anybody know the reproductive mode of the Flower Coral Eusmilia fastigiata? For far I haven't found any clear information in literature if this species belongs to the brooder/broadcaster (hermaphroditic/gonochoric). Do you have any references? Thanks a lot for any advice! Dirk *********** Dirk Petersen Marine Biologist, PhD student University of Essen, Inst. of Ecology, Dep. of Hydrobiology, Germany Rotterdam Zoo, Oceanium, The Netherlands E-mail: petersendirk@hotmail.com _________________________________________________________________ Downloaden Sie MSN Explorer kostenlos unter http://explorer.msn.de/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 17 09:05:44 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA05416; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 09:05:43 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA20226; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 13:03:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020222; Wed, 17 Oct 01 13:02:43 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLD0J500.A8Q for ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 12:59:29 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLD0UY00.FLJ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 10:06:34 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA14101; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 10:06:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAALta4HB; Wed, 17 Oct 01 10:06:32 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA11821 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 17:00:54 GMT Received: from avmail-2.caribe.net (avmail-2.caribe.net [209.91.222.91]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA15589 for ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 13:00:26 -0400 (EDT) Received: from localhost (avmail-2.caribe.net [127.0.0.1]) by avmail-2.caribe.net (Postfix) with SMTP id D8C626339D for ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 13:00:00 -0400 (EDT) Received: from eweil (ppp134.194dip.netdial.caribe.net [209.91.194.134]) by avmail-2.caribe.net (Postfix) with SMTP id DD58B633A2 for ; Wed, 17 Oct 2001 12:59:58 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <003801c1572c$ba4a65e0$86c25bd1@caribe.nrt> From: "Ernesto Weil" To: Subject: Invertebrate Zoology Position Date: Wed, 17 Oct 2001 12:56:54 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0035_01C1570B.3287C560" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 945 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0035_01C1570B.3287C560 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable University of Puerto Rico Mayag=FCez Campus Mayag=FCez, P. R. 00681 =20 Professor in Marine Sciences =20 Applications are invited for a tenure-track position available for = January 2002, at the Assistant/Associate Professor level in the area of = INVERTEBRATE zoology. Candidates preferred with interests spanning = traditional boundaries of the discipline (e.g. taxonomy, behavior, = ecology, molecular vs. organismal approaches) and whose expertise = complements that of existing faculty. Job requirements include teaching = of graduate-level courses in Marine Invertebrate Systematics, Marine = Invertebrate Biology, developing additional courses in area of = expertise, and developing a research program through external funding. = Salary ($39,444.00 or $44,712.00, according to rank) can be augmented = with external funding. Ph.D. required, knowledge of English and Spanish = desirable. Send statement of research and teaching interests and = representative reprints, curriculum vitae, three letters of = recommendation by October 31, 2001, to: Director, Department of Marine = Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayag=FCez, PR 00681-9013. = Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. ------=_NextPart_000_0035_01C1570B.3287C560 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

University of Puerto = Rico

Mayag=FCez=20 Campus

Mayag=FCez, P. R.=20 00681

Professor in Marine=20 Sciences

Applications are invited for a tenure-track = position=20 available for January 2002, at the Assistant/Associate Professor = level in the=20 area of INVERTEBRATE = zoology. Candidates preferred with = interests=20 spanning traditional boundaries of the discipline (e.g. taxonomy, = behavior,=20 ecology, molecular vs. organismal approaches) and whose expertise = complements=20 that of existing faculty. = Job=20 requirements include teaching of graduate-level courses in Marine = Invertebrate=20 Systematics, Marine Invertebrate Biology, developing additional courses = in area=20 of expertise, and developing a research program through external = funding. Salary ($39,444.00 or = $44,712.00,=20 according to rank) can be augmented with external funding. Ph.D. required, knowledge of = English and=20 Spanish desirable. Send = statement=20 of research and teaching interests and representative reprints, = curriculum=20 vitae, three letters of recommendation by October 31, 2001, to: Director, Department of Marine Sciences, = University of=20 Puerto Rico, Mayag=FCez, PR =20 00681-9013. =20 Affirmative Action/Equal = Opportunity=20 Employer.

------=_NextPart_000_0035_01C1570B.3287C560-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 18 04:45:04 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA19256; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 04:45:04 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA03329; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 08:42:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003320; Thu, 18 Oct 01 08:41:55 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLEJ4H00.SBU for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 08:38:41 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLEJGB00.7AB; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 08:45:47 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA09606; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 08:45:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAFfaGWs; Thu, 18 Oct 01 08:45:46 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02691 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 12:38:01 GMT Received: from mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (mailsrv2.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.87.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA16968 for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 08:37:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [134.106.175.35] (tupper.biologie.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.175.35]) by mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (8.11.1/8.11.3/20.02.2001) with ESMTP id f9ICVVE20387; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 14:31:31 +0200 X-Sender: 6396460@mail.uni-oldenburg.de Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Date: Thu, 18 Oct 2001 14:30:01 +0200 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, PORIFERA@JISCMAIL.AC.UK, SKOLITHOS@LISTSERV.REDIRIS.ES From: "christine.schoenberg" Subject: penguins in peril X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id IAA16964 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA02691 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 946 Dear friends and colleagues, sorry about sending this through the list (for quick info read just the 3= rd last paragraph). However, I think it is important to spread the news. I know that the Otway Foundation started through a private initiative and largely functions through volunteers, who have invested so much into protecting Chilean penguins. They saved the penguins when they were badly mistreated, made a (green) tourist attraction out of it and manage the whole site. Now the site is being taken away for building hotels, somethi= ng which would finish the penguin colony. Some desperate people are looking for all the help they can get. If you can help, please do. Cheers, Christine Dear Ladies and Gentlemen, The Otway Foundation was founded in 1989 with the mission of protecting = a small colony of 400 Magellanic Penguins located in Otway Bay, 70 kilometers north of Punta Arenas, Chile. At the time of the foundation's inception, Otway Bay was subject to intense and unregulated tourism. Bot= h the environment and the birds who made their nest there were completely unprotected. Since then, the foundation has developed an excellent progr= am for the protection and management of the colony. The colony is currently composed of 2500-2700 reproducing pairs. Almost 90% of these pairs gave birth to two chicks that made their way to the sea during the 2000-2001 season. Thanks to experience gained in the field, the foundation has implemented= a successful, regulated program for tourism that places the care and protection of the animals during reproduction in the spot of first importance. Each year 35-45,000 tourists, most of whom are foreigners, visit the colony during the summer season. Scientists from Chile and abro= ad have performed behavioral and biological studies as well as investigated the effects of growing tourism activity on the penguins of Otway Bay. Through tourism, the Otway Foundation has been able to finance education= al campaigns directed towards Chilean students and the general public. Vide= os and educational material have been produced and distributed in big city schools as well as those in small fishing villages from north to south. These resources have permitted the spread of regulated and environmental= ly friendly tourism to the islands of Pu=F1ihuil, Chiloe, the only place in Chile and the world where both Humboldt and Magellanic Penguins cohabit. In the north of Chile, measures to protect the areas of the Atacama Dese= rt and its plant species exemplary of the coastal desert, have also been initiated. The Otway Foundation has generated 15 jobs at the installatio= ns in Otway Bay and Pu=F1ihuil, not to speak of the positive economic effec= ts of tourism for Punta Arenas and Chiloe. Today the foundation is facing critical challenges. The Otway Bay colony lands were ceded to the foundation by their former owner. It was his desire that the land be used for the protection of the penguins. Tourism in Otway Bay generates the greater part of the resources that finance th= e foundation =19s programs. Eleven years have now passed and the land has changed hands. Unfortunately the current owners want to take back the land, take over the administration of the colony and are asking the foundation to leave. In their own words, their interest in the colony is = of an economic nature. Although this is understandable, it does no provide f= or the educational and conservation programs the foundation has carried out. At this time, the Appeals Court of Punta Arenas has put a stop on all further action. This has given the directors of the foundation a little time to look for a definitive solution to the problem. Meanwhile, the colony finds itself without protection as the foundation has been impede= d from doing its work. Within one week, the destruction of fifty nests, ea= ch one containing two eggs, has been detected. This fact demonstrates the importance of conditions that protect the animals from a public that is = in need of education. It is not only the public that poses a threat, but al= so tourism companies that do not have the knowledge or dedication to protec= t their very sources of income. Unfortunately if there is no one to care for, teach, and inform the people, the penguin colony will return to wha= t it was before, a place in which there was little respect for bird or nature. The foundation is willing to rent or buy the land in order to continue functioning and insuring that its programs continue. We believe that in order for this to happen, direct government action will be necessary to convince the current owners to rent or sell their lands to the foundatio= n or allow the government to establish a nature sanctuary. To accomplish o= ur goals, we would like you to pledge your support. We are asking that the international community send a letter, email, or fax encouraging the authorities to take decisive action for the conservation and protection = of the Magellanic Penguins. We hope that by means of your letters the governmental authorities will feel a compelling need to intervene, thus allowing the Foundation to continue its conservation and education programs in favor of the Magellanic Penguins. If you can assist us in the conservation and protection of the Magellani= c penguins, please write a letter of support and send it to the addresses listed below. Please copy these addresses and add them to the recipient. Please don't forget to include your name. agrisen@congreso.cl conama@conama.cl consulta@conaf.cl director@laprensaaustral.cl edusen@congreso.cl gmagallanes@interior.gov.cl info@sernatur.cl Jcvitani@sag.minagri.gob.cl lared@lared.cl medasen@congreso.cl mega@mcl.cl presidencia@segegob.cl ptaarena@chilesat.net rrpp@tvn.cl rsalles@interior.gov.cl sag@sag.minagri.gob.cl serna12a@entelchile.net sernap@chilesat.net xramirez@interior.gov.cl zaldivar@congreso.cl _____________________________________________________ Guillermo Luna Departamento Biologia Marina Facultad Ciencias del Mar Universidad Catolica del Norte Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo CHILE _______________ Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology FB 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg 26111 OLDENBURG GERMANY ph +49-441-7983373 fax +49-441-7983162 email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de when travelling: christineaway@gmx.net internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 18 05:45:37 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA20638; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 05:45:37 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA04687; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 09:43:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004667; Thu, 18 Oct 01 09:42:24 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLELXA00.HCX for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 09:39:10 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLEM9400.PCK; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 06:46:16 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA12377; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 06:46:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAc_aGky; Thu, 18 Oct 01 06:46:14 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA17166 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 13:40:49 GMT Received: from ex1.wwfinternal.org ([63.76.85.130]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA17217 for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 09:40:41 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <6FA73AA34092D311A31500508B5D8D9305AF9076@EX1> From: "Kassem, Ken" To: "Coral List (E-mail)" Cc: "Snodgrass, Randy" Subject: FW: House approves coral reef protection measure Date: Thu, 18 Oct 2001 09:24:40 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 947 > House approves coral reef protection measure > > The House passed H.R. 2272, the Coral Reef and > Coastal Marine > Conservation Act, Tuesday night to initiate a > debt-for-nature swap with > developing countries to protect coral reefs. Rep. > Mark Kirk (R-Ill.) introduced > the bill to allow developing countries with money > owed to the United States > to honor the debt by starting coral reef > conservation programs, instead of > exploiting natural resources to pay off the debts. > > Randall D. Snodgrass > Director, Government Relations > World Wildlife Fund > 1250 24th Street NW > Washington, DC 20037 > (202) 778-9680 > > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 18 16:46:57 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA02593; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 16:46:56 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA08169; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 20:44:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008159; Thu, 18 Oct 01 20:44:29 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLFGKQ00.1G8 for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 20:41:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLFGWK00.07N; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 20:48:20 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA20741; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 20:48:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwtaOFO; Thu, 18 Oct 01 20:48:19 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA14621 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 00:43:38 GMT Received: from laknet.slt.lk (nlaknet.slt.lk [203.115.0.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA18332 for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 20:43:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from smtp1.slt.lk (e0.colombo10.slt.lk [203.115.1.145] (may be forged)) by laknet.slt.lk (8.11.3/8.10.2) with SMTP id f9J0jWC29376 for ; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 06:45:32 +0600 (GMT) Date: Fri, 19 Oct 2001 06:45:32 +0600 (GMT) Message-Id: <200110190045.f9J0jWC29376@laknet.slt.lk> X-Sender: firefish@sltnet.lk X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.1.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Prasanna Weerakkody Subject: Ascidian info Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 948 Dear Coral-listers. The primary reef site I am working in has for the last 5 years had a serious reef infestation of a Green colonial ascidian species belonging to the family Didemnidae (possibly Genus Didemnum). The infestation took a heavy toll on the reef accounting for about 20% of reef substrates at the peak of the infestation. I have not been able to secure sufficient infomation on the biology, Taxonomy of the group despite efforts. Post to a storm on the reef couple of months ago the Ascidians seem to have been naturally wiped out of the reef in all sections of the reef except a patch roughly 50ft by 80ft. This species is among the most serious obstacle in our efforts at restoration of the already degraded reef as ascidians would attack and kill coral transplants forcing a heavy workload on the field team in physically weeding out ascidians around transplants on a regular basis. As the extent of the infestation has been naturally reduced significantly we are keen to contain the infestation and prevent a re-infestation of the reef. we are looking for ways. I am hoping someone on the list would be able to point me in the right direction for information/people working on Biology and Taxonomy of this group of ascidians. Thanks. Prasanna Weerakkody, Nature Conservation Group. No.9, Balapokuna place Colombo 6 Sri Lanka E-mail: firefish@sltnet.lk ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 18 17:41:58 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA03142; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 17:41:58 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA08606; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 21:39:38 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008602; Thu, 18 Oct 01 21:38:54 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLFJ3F00.MCV for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 21:35:39 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLFJFA00.V0I; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 21:42:46 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA24005; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 21:42:45 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhLaG4U; Thu, 18 Oct 01 21:42:44 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA18366 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 01:38:57 GMT Received: from macrobyteresources.com (mail.macrobyteresources.com [204.250.119.13]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA18246 for ; Thu, 18 Oct 2001 21:38:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [192.168.168.42] (63.72.68.66) by macrobyteresources.com with ESMTP (Eudora Internet Mail Server 3.0); Thu, 18 Oct 2001 21:38:09 -0400 User-Agent: Microsoft-Entourage/9.0.1.3108 Date: Thu, 18 Oct 2001 18:38:08 -0700 Subject: Re: House approves coral reef protection measure From: Anita Daley To: "Kassem, Ken" CC: Message-ID: In-Reply-To: <6FA73AA34092D311A31500508B5D8D9305AF9076@EX1> Mime-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 949 Hello- I called Rep. Kirk's office yesterday and asked about the current status of this measure. It hasn't been introduced into the Senate yet and they are currently seeking a sponsor. They asked me to call back in a few weeks. (The offices are closed for a few days--since yesterday afternoon-- due to the Anthrax threat) Thanks Ken, Anita On 10/18/01 6:24 AM, "Kassem, Ken" wrote: > > > >> House approves coral reef protection measure >> >> The House passed H.R. 2272, the Coral Reef and >> Coastal Marine >> Conservation Act, Tuesday night to initiate a >> debt-for-nature swap with >> developing countries to protect coral reefs. Rep. >> Mark Kirk (R-Ill.) introduced >> the bill to allow developing countries with money >> owed to the United States >> to honor the debt by starting coral reef >> conservation programs, instead of >> exploiting natural resources to pay off the debts. >> >> Randall D. Snodgrass >> Director, Government Relations >> World Wildlife Fund >> 1250 24th Street NW >> Washington, DC 20037 >> (202) 778-9680 >> >> >> > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ___________________________________________________________ Anita Daley International Coral Reef Information Network Manager The Coral Reef Alliance 2014 Shattuck Avenue Berkeley, CA 94704 (510) 848-0110 ext. 313 (510) 848-3720 fax http://www.coral.org "Working together to keep coral reefs alive." ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 19 05:58:24 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA10377; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 05:58:22 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA15537; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:56:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015525; Fri, 19 Oct 01 09:55:06 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLGH6F00.9EJ for ; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:51:51 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLGHI900.PL2; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:58:57 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA26322; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:58:57 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkWaWzZ; Fri, 19 Oct 01 09:58:56 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA19402 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 13:50:07 GMT Received: from smtp-hub2.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp-hub2.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.76]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA19241 for ; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:49:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net ([207.172.4.60]) by smtp-hub2.mrf.mail.rcn.net with esmtp (Exim 3.33 #10) id 15ua1c-0003T7-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:49:24 -0400 Received: from 66-44-15-215.s1485.apx2.lnh.md.dialup.rcn.com ([66.44.15.215] helo=erols.com) by smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net with esmtp (Exim 3.33 #10) id 15ua1b-0005u8-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:49:23 -0400 Message-ID: <3BD02D5E.5AB4DFD9@erols.com> Date: Fri, 19 Oct 2001 09:40:46 -0400 From: John Ware Reply-To: jware@erols.com Organization: SeaServices, Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en,pdf MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Subject: Coral Reefs, Vol 20, Number 2 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 950 Members of the International Society for Reef Studies, Number 2 of Volume 20 of the Society's journal, Coral Reefs, will be in the mail soon. The Editors are working to bring the journal back on schedule and we appreciate your patience. If you know other members of ISRS who are not on the coral list, would you please pass the message?? Thanks for your understanding. John Ware Treasurer, ISRS -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware@erols.com * * seaservices.org * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 20 05:23:08 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA24316; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 05:23:07 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA02597; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 09:20:46 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002591; Sat, 20 Oct 01 09:19:51 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLIA7K00.HI5 for ; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 09:16:32 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLIAJF00.JUF; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 06:23:39 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA09233; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 06:23:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA0Aaacs; Sat, 20 Oct 01 06:23:38 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA21588 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 12:56:48 GMT Message-Id: <200110201256.MAA21588@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 19 Oct 2001 18:21:25 -0400 From: "Roger B Griffis" Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Subject: Next U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Apparently-To: Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 951 Announcement - please distribute The next meeting of the United States Coral Reef Task Force is scheduled for December 5, 2001, in Washington, D.C. The meeting is open to the public. Limited space is available for coral reef related exhibits, displays or other materials at the meeting. Organizations and individuals working on or interested in coral reef conservation are encouraged to participate. More information on the meeting will be available November 1. For more information contact Roger Griffis at roger.b.griffis@noaa.gov. Thank you. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Oct 20 23:35:03 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id XAA00078; Sat, 20 Oct 2001 23:35:03 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA07047; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 03:32:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007043; Sun, 21 Oct 01 03:32:36 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLJOSW00.OI1 for ; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 03:29:20 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLJP4S00.49V; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 03:36:28 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA07804; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 03:36:27 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPwaapp; Sun, 21 Oct 01 03:36:27 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA23619 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 07:17:44 GMT Received: from squ.edu.om ([212.72.7.195]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA23567 for ; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 03:17:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from michelc [172.18.19.8] by squ.edu.om with ESMTP (SMTPD32-7.03) id A6AAF2B00FA; Sun, 21 Oct 2001 11:18:02 +0400 From: "Michel Claereboudt" To: Subject: artificial reef creation? Date: Sun, 21 Oct 2001 11:18:46 +0400 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <3BD02D5E.5AB4DFD9@erols.com> X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 952 A small study on reef restoration is being planned in Oman. The researcher at the Ministry of Environment would like to know of recent publications, reports, thesis on the various methods of coral propagations (branchlets, grafting, transplantation etc...). Can anyone provide us with some info. Thanks Michel Claereboudt Sultan Qaboos University College of Agriculture Dtp. Marine Science and Fisheries Box 34. Al-Khod 123; Sultanate of Oman Tel: 968 515 249 FAx: 968 513 418 email: michelc@squ.edu.om ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 23 03:23:31 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA25886; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 03:23:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA00848; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 07:21:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000823; Tue, 23 Oct 01 07:21:00 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLNOPK00.QI9 for ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 07:17:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLNP1H00.CA7; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 04:24:53 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA08690; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 04:24:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAI6aO9q; Tue, 23 Oct 01 04:24:52 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA28053 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 11:06:14 GMT Message-Id: <200110231106.LAA28053@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 21 Oct 2001 20:34:53 -0500 From: Shiloh Ramos To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Recent illness after boiling coral Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 953 I am a resident physician in Appleton, WI, currently working at Appleton Medical Center. I have an inquiry regarding coral. Recently, we admitted 7 patients with similar symptoms after boiling coral for a saltwater fish tank. Their primary symptoms/signs include: shortness of breath, fever, headache, dry cough, and an elevated white count. All 7 patients developed these symptoms within several hours after boiling the coral. We have already begun testing for chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, carbon monoxide, cyanide, and legionella. We were wondering if you might have any advice as to other substances that might be contained in coral or used in its processing for sale. As well, any advice regarding possible infectious agents (such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus), would be appreciated. Please send any email to shilohjramos@hotmail.com. If you have a more immediate response, you can phone (920) 831-5042, and they should be able to easily locate me. Thanks again, Shiloh J. Ramos ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 23 03:23:32 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA25884; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 03:23:31 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA00838; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 07:21:10 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma000822; Tue, 23 Oct 01 07:21:00 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLNOPK00.0LA for ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 07:17:44 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLNP1I00.LKE; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 07:24:54 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA24112; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 07:24:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9_ayfV; Tue, 23 Oct 01 07:24:53 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA27838 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 11:08:15 GMT Message-Id: <200110231108.LAA27838@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2001 10:46:39 +0200 From: Peter van Treeck To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: RE: artificial reef creation Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 954 Dear Coralleros, I apologise for posting my response to the list but Michels` address could not be contacted directly. Dear Michel, we are working on coral transplantation for several years. We are using electrochemical accretion method to transplant coral fragments. Projects were done in Jordan and Egypt. References: VAN TREECK P & SCHUHMACHER H (1997) Initial survival of coral nubbins transplanted by a new coral transplantation technology. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 150: 287-292 VAN TREECK P & SCHUHMACHER H (1998) Mass diving tourism - a new dimension calls for new management approaches. Mar Poll Bull 37:499-504 VAN TREECK P & SCHUHMACHER H (1999) Artificial reefs created by electrolysis and coral transplantation- an approach ensuring the compatibility of environmental protection and diving tourism. Estuarine, coastal and shelf science 49:75-81 SCHUHMACHER H & VAN TREECK P (1999) Enhanced formation of protoreefs by accretion technology and coral transplantation � Stepping stones in degraded reefs. International Conference on Scientific Aspects of Coral Reef Assessment, Monitoring and Restoration, Fort Lauderdale ( Abstract) During our last project we could gain experiences in using coral fragments produced by ship goundings for transplantation purposes, results will be published in: SCHUHMACHER H, VAN TREECK P, EISINGER M & PASTER M (in press) Transplantation of coral fragments from ship groundings on electrochemically formed reef structures. Proc 9th Int Coral Reef Symp, Bali 2000. Cheers Peter Peter van Treeck Project coordinator CONTRAST, CEO LIMARES marine branch Institute for Ecology, Dpt. Hydrobiology University of Essen 45117 Essen Germany ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 23 05:02:09 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA27390; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 05:02:08 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA02731; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 08:59:48 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002716; Tue, 23 Oct 01 08:59:40 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLNT9Z00.GK2 for ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 08:56:23 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLNTLX00.FBM; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 06:03:33 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA18263; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 06:03:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVZaqOJ; Tue, 23 Oct 01 06:03:26 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA28525 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 12:55:45 GMT Received: from emdch-smp2.nt.gov.au (mx2.nt.gov.au [150.191.80.6]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA28536 for ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 08:55:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from emdch-smtp1.emag.nt.gov.au (emdch-smtp1.nt.gov.au [150.191.240.47]) by emdch-smp2.nt.gov.au (Pro-8.9.3/Pro-8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA14347 for ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 22:24:52 +0930 Received: from plm_au1.pwcntnet ([150.191.34.120]) by emdch-smtp1.emag.nt.gov.au (Lotus Domino Release 5.0.8) with ESMTP id 2001102322242982:96208 ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 22:24:29 +0930 Received: by plm_au1 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 22:21:05 +0930 Message-ID: From: "Gomelyuk, Victor" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Two methods for percent cover monitoring Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2001 22:21:04 +0930 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) X-MIMETrack: Itemize by SMTP Server on EMDCH-SMTP1/NTG(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 23/10/2001 22:24:29, Serialize by Router on EMDCH-SMTP1/NTG(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 23/10/2001 22:24:38, Serialize complete at 23/10/2001 22:24:38 Content-Type: text/plain Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 955 Dear colleagues, I wonder if anyone would like to share with me and other coral-list memebers ideas of advantages/disadvantages of using Line Intercept Transects and Permanent Quadrats methods for coral environment monitoring. Refferences on any literarure sources will be also appreciated. Thank you. Dr Victor E. Gomelyuk Marine Scientist Cobourg Marine Park PO Box 496 PALMERSTON NT 0831 AUSTRALIA phone 61 (08) 8979 0244 FAX 61 (08) 8979 0246 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 23 11:22:16 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA05012; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 11:22:14 -0400 From: rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA11875; Tue, 23 Oct 2001 15:19:55 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(129.171.97.1) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011860; Tue, 23 Oct 01 15:19:13 -0400 Received: (qmail 20488 invoked by uid 7794); 23 Oct 2001 19:23:08 -0000 Received: from rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 0.653331 secs); 23/10/2001 15:23:07 Received: from gnsbrg.rsmas.miami.edu (129.171.103.80) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 23 Oct 2001 19:23:07 -0000 Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.20011023152048.00a186f0@mail.rsmas.miami.edu> X-Sender: ginsburg@mail.rsmas.miami.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.5 (32) Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2001 15:20:48 -0400 To: Jim Hendee , Mike Risk Subject: Re: heated debate Cc: Coral-List In-Reply-To: References: <002001c14e7b$71bde9a0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 956 Mike, I agree with Jim, we need your special views and opinions. Bob At 08:05 AM 10/8/01 -0400, Jim Hendee wrote: >Mike, > >Contrary to your opinion that your messages are falling on deaf ears, I >think you have awakened a lot of us to issues we were unaware of, or did >not consider enough, or even at all. My message on flaming was meant to >be a gentle reminder to everyone so that the dialogue could continue. I >just wanted to tone things down a little because I was beginning to see >from the messages in this thread (and from "behind the scenes" from a >variety of subscribers) that this was a very emotional issue for some. It >is GOOD that we see passion in this issue, because this is what it takes >to get past the formidable hurdles of beaurocracy and other obstructions. >We feel this way because of the urgency of the situation, and we care. I >definitely do not mean to stifle discourse on this subject! I have hope >that the thread will continue, with decorum, which I believe it has for >the most part. > >You obviously have a great command of the literature and issues pertaining >to coral reef research. I would encourage you NOT to unsubscribe (maybe >just take a "breather?"). > > Sincerely yours, > Jim > >On Sat, 6 Oct 2001, Mike Risk wrote: > >> Jim: >> >> Effective immediately, I am removing my name from Coral-list. >> >> First, it's not doing my psyche any good. I find that I am beginning to >> descend into the same sort of behaviour for which I have castigated others. >> >> Second, I'm not sure it's doing the reefs any good. It seems that my >> messages, whatever they may be, are not getting across. I can only hope that >> they are like those coated aspirins I take for hangovers: they don't >> dissolve right away in your stomach, because they might cause upset, but are >> absorbed later on. (This analogy better end here!) >> >> As always, I remain eager to interact with colleagues. Should anyone out >> there wish to communicate with me, please feel free to do so: >> riskmj@mcmaster.ca >> >> Thanks for doing a great job. See you. >> > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 24 11:31:34 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA21525; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 11:31:34 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA27970; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 15:29:13 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027960; Wed, 24 Oct 01 15:28:40 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQ5Y600.6LG for ; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 15:25:18 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQ6A500.5JO; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 12:32:29 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA23503; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 12:32:29 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA6gaO2T; Wed, 24 Oct 01 12:32:28 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA31524 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 19:23:47 GMT Received: from web10601.mail.yahoo.com (web10601.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.130.165]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id PAA31134 for ; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 15:23:32 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <20011024192326.30146.qmail@web10601.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [213.8.242.176] by web10601.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 12:23:26 PDT Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2001 12:23:26 -0700 (PDT) From: Ben-Tzvi Ofer Subject: Looking for a lab To: Coral-List MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 957 Hello, We are looking for a lab. that can detect very low constrictions of copper, tin and lead in seawater and/or sea creatures or alga or/and substrate. This in search of tracks of antifouling colors in coral reefs. Does anybody know a lab that can do it (preferably in Europe or USA)? Ofer Ben-Tzvi The Institute For Nature Conservation Research. Tel-Aviv University __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make a great connection at Yahoo! Personals. http://personals.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 24 14:15:41 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA24764; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 14:15:40 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA01113; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:13:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001106; Wed, 24 Oct 01 18:12:36 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQDJJ00.RQQ for ; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:09:19 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQDVJ00.R5B; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:16:31 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA26274; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:16:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAp9aGtZ; Wed, 24 Oct 01 18:16:30 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA31820 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 22:05:44 GMT Received: from mail.dialisdn.net (mail.dialisdn.net [208.236.0.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA31766 for ; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:05:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from jmcmanus (ppp-hwd1-37.dialisdn.com [209.118.214.101]) by mail.dialisdn.net with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2653.13) id TVT5R36P; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 17:44:16 -0400 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Gomelyuk, Victor" , Subject: RE: Two methods for percent cover monitoring Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2001 17:47:58 -0400 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-Mimeole: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 In-Reply-To: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 958 Hi Victor and others, We thought a lot about sampling units when designing the ReefBase Aquanaut Method (the method is described on the ReefBase Version 3 CD-ROM). I'm pleased to put down a summary of those thoughts here for anyone interested, to initialize the discussion you suggest. The first principle is that the sample design is generally more important than the sample unit. Pielou suggests that the sample unit should generally be larger than the focal objects included in the space one is sampling. Thompson (Sampling, Wiley) mentions that little has been done on optimizing sampling units, though a little work favors donuts. There is a lot of work on "how long should one's transect be?" in the coral reef literature. However, the analyses sometimes have led me to wonder if someone was confusing sample units with samples. Thus, a "curve-off" of accumulated sample units makes more sense than a "curve-off" in length of a single sample unit. Note that a long transect can impel field workers to sample areas you might not mean to include in your sampling universe, such as areas beyond the reef substrate. Some people also seem to confuse sample design with experimental design. The best books I have found on sample design are those by Cochran (Sampling Techniques) and Thompson. The latter is more recent, and has a lot on area sampling (like what most benthic ecologists do), whereas most texts describe object sampling. Simple random, stratified random, systematic, nested, clustered, adaptive and other strategies are all legitimate and each has advantages and disadvantages. The confusion between sample units and samples seems to stem to phytosociology (Braun-Blanquet, Ellenburg, etc.), from which most of our benthic approaches originate, but in which a single sample was often chosen to "represent" an otherwise subjectively delineated ecological community. Even that has utility for some kinds of classification and ordination studies, but it is not useful for inferential statistical analyses -- those involving estimates of variance. Also, one must distinguish between one-shot sampling and monitoring over time. In the latter case, there is a general debate over whether one should use the same spots, the same general sites or simply design a new sampling pattern for each repetition. I am building simulation models to look into aspects of that debate, as the answer is not at all clear to me. Line transects have the advantage that they can be used horizontally on vertical slopes with minimal difficulty. Quadrats often fall down. I used to like area-based (as opposed to point-intercept) quadrats because we (various colleagues and I) could use them rapidly, thus giving us a larger sample size representing variance and mean over a larger area. However, we decided that this was simply because we were using large divisions (typically nine squares in a 1 sq. m quadrat). So, we decided that there was no reason that a line transect could not be small (5 m) and that it could not be divided into 50 cm or whatever as were the edges of a quadrat. That gave us something handier than a quadrat (a cord marked with fishing weights that could fit in a pocket), nearly as quick to use as a quadrat and not as likely to weigh us down or fall off a wall. However, there is still room for work on how the bigger swaths affect the estimations. For many patterns of coral cover, presence/absence in a 50 cm swath does not vary much over large areas than presence/absence in a 1 cm swath (i.e. measuring to the cm). However, the larger unit would not quantify small non-coral spaces as well. On the other hand, two people often vary in reading seagrass to the cm, but usually read the same way at the 50 cm level. How either approach relates to point-intercept transects or quadrats is even more puzzling. For permanent transects, Jim Maragos has a nice system of drilling in stainless steel bolts, and then resuspending a very tight line for each sampling. There again, the longer the line, generally the more it will shift among times. A shift of a few inches can vary the estimates enormously. Kinzie III and Snyder had a good article in the 1978(?) UNESCO Coral Reef Sampling Handbook. It showed in simulations that a low levels of coral cover (as in their particular study areas in Hawaii), many sampling units were equally bad (quadrats, line intercepts, point-intercepts). The nice thing about a simulation is that you know what the "real" answer should be. The errors in their estimates were very high. They concluded that one should seek to use units that were small and rapidly deployed, and could be scattered widely across a reef. I'm following up on their simulations, but so far see nothing to change from that conclusion. Cheers! John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Gomelyuk, Victor Sent: Tuesday, October 23, 2001 8:51 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Two methods for percent cover monitoring Dear colleagues, I wonder if anyone would like to share with me and other coral-list memebers ideas of advantages/disadvantages of using Line Intercept Transects and Permanent Quadrats methods for coral environment monitoring. Refferences on any literarure sources will be also appreciated. Thank you. Dr Victor E. Gomelyuk Marine Scientist Cobourg Marine Park PO Box 496 PALMERSTON NT 0831 AUSTRALIA phone 61 (08) 8979 0244 FAX 61 (08) 8979 0246 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 24 14:57:46 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA25083; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 14:57:44 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA01361; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:55:23 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001333; Wed, 24 Oct 01 18:54:50 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQFHX00.7OH for ; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:51:33 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQFTX00.G90; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:58:45 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA01324; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:58:44 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXQayLc; Wed, 24 Oct 01 18:58:44 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA31755 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 22:21:28 GMT Received: from siaag2ad.compuserve.com (siaag2ad.compuserve.com [149.174.40.134]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA28196 for ; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:21:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from mailgate@localhost) by siaag2ad.compuserve.com (8.9.3/8.9.3/SUN-1.12) id SAA06466; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:20:37 -0400 (EDT) Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2001 18:20:03 -0400 From: McCarty and Peters Subject: Re: Looking for a lab To: Ben-Tzvi Ofer , Coral Reef List Server Message-ID: <200110241820_MC3-E477-BFCE@compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id SAA28205 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 959 Ofer, >> that can detect very low concentrations of copper, tin and lead in seawater and/or sea creatures or alga or/and substrate. << Please define "low very" in concentration units (i.e., ng/L, pg/L, etc.). I can recommend several very competent commercial labs in the US, but would rather only give you names when I know what range of concentrations are of interest to your project. One man's "low" is too dirty a sample for someone else. Chip McCarty ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 24 21:10:15 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA27859; Wed, 24 Oct 2001 21:10:14 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA03496; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 01:07:53 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003492; Thu, 25 Oct 01 01:07:52 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQWRI00.CO8 for ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 01:04:30 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLQX3J00.2EJ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 01:11:43 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA02253; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 01:11:42 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAc5aGze; Thu, 25 Oct 01 01:11:41 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA31909 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 05:09:13 GMT Received: from mailbox.uq.edu.au (root@dingo.cc.uq.edu.au [130.102.87.138]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA28141 for ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 01:08:58 -0400 (EDT) Received: from localhost (uqmrodri@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mailbox.uq.edu.au (8.11.3/8.11.3) with ESMTP id f9P58nI21420 for ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 15:08:50 +1000 (GMT+1000) Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2001 15:08:49 +1000 (GMT+1000) From: Mauricio RODRIGUEZ LANETTY X-Sender: To: Subject: Plesiastrea versipora Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 960 Hello everybody, I was wondering if anyone out there has information about reproduction modes and symbiont (zooxanthellae) aquisition modes (vertical or horizontal transffer) from the scleractinian coral, Plesiastrea versipora. I would really appreciate any help on these issues. Thanks! Mauricio ----------- Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty, PhD Centre for Marine Studies University of Queensland St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia Fax: 61-7-33654755 Phone: 61-7-33656993 ----------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 25 04:19:43 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA01324; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 04:19:42 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA06206; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:17:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006193; Thu, 25 Oct 01 08:17:13 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLRGN700.NOV for ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:13:55 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLRGZ800.M9M; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:21:08 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA01627; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:21:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9paqld; Thu, 25 Oct 01 08:21:07 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA32456 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 12:16:16 GMT Received: from mileg.millerlegg.com (34.muka.tmpa.washdctt.dsl.att.net [12.101.122.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id IAA32705 for ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:16:03 -0400 (EDT) From: Mark_Brandenburg@millerlegg.com Received: by mileg.millerlegg.com(Lotus SMTP MTA SMTP v4.6 (462.2 9-3-1997)) id 85256AF0.0042DFA5 ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:10:26 -0400 X-Lotus-FromDomain: MILEG To: "Gomelyuk, Victor" cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-ID: <85256AF0.0041C107.00@mileg.millerlegg.com> Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:10:24 -0400 Subject: Re: Two methods for percent cover monitoring Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 961 Victor, Dodge, et. al. provide a comparison of several assessment methods in: Dodge, R.E., A. Logan, and A. Antonius. 1982. Quantitative reef assessment studies in Bermuda: a comparison of methods and preliminary results. Bulletin of Marine Science 32(3): 745-760 Mark E. Brandenburg, M.S., C.E. Biologist Miller Legg & Associates, Inc. 1800 N. Douglas Road, Suite 200 Pembroke Pines, FL 33024-3200 954-436-7000 fax 954-436-8664 mbrandenburg@millerlegg.com "Gomelyuk, Victor" on 10/23/2001 08:51:04 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov cc: (bcc: Mark Brandenburg/MILEG) Subject: Two methods for percent cover monitoring Dear colleagues, I wonder if anyone would like to share with me and other coral-list memebers ideas of advantages/disadvantages of using Line Intercept Transects and Permanent Quadrats methods for coral environment monitoring. Refferences on any literarure sources will be also appreciated. Thank you. Dr Victor E. Gomelyuk Marine Scientist Cobourg Marine Park PO Box 496 PALMERSTON NT 0831 AUSTRALIA phone 61 (08) 8979 0244 FAX 61 (08) 8979 0246 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Oct 25 08:52:41 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA07303; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 08:52:41 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA12448; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 12:50:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma012432; Thu, 25 Oct 01 12:49:54 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLRT9J00.2T9 for ; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 12:46:32 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLRTLK00.FBL; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 09:53:44 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07441; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 09:53:43 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA7xaqHo; Thu, 25 Oct 01 09:53:43 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA33339 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 25 Oct 2001 16:50:24 GMT Message-Id: <200110251650.QAA33339@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Bridget Armstrong" To: "Coral List" Subject: diver effects on fishes Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2001 15:41:53 +0200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 962 Dear all Is anyone aware of published information on the effects of divers on the = behaviour of large predatory reef fish ? There seems to be a widely-help = public perception that large numbers of divers cause predatory fish to = avoid the area, while the number of coral-associates (eg Butterflyfish) = tends to increase. Are there any coral-reef managers out there that zone reefs particularly = to provide areas where fish are protected from the effects of divers, as = opposed to protecting the coral itself from breakage/diseases ? Many thanks Bridget Armstrong ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 26 10:59:25 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA26521; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 10:59:24 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01517; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 14:57:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001497; Fri, 26 Oct 01 14:56:51 -0400 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLTTT700.4VG for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 14:53:31 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLTU5800.VYR; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 15:00:44 -0400 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA22204; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 15:00:43 -0400 (EDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWBa4wR; Fri, 26 Oct 01 15:00:42 -0400 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA36134 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 18:50:56 GMT Received: from tracy.csd.plymouth.ac.uk (tracy.csd.plymouth.ac.uk [141.163.6.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA36060 for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 14:50:49 -0400 (EDT) Received: from csuf42.csd.plymouth.ac.uk ([141.163.190.236.3541] helo=csuf42.csd.plym.ac.uk) by tracy.csd.plymouth.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 3.33 #1) id 15xC43-0006p1-02 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:50:43 +0100 Received: from CSUF42/SpoolDir by csuf42.csd.plym.ac.uk (Mercury 1.44); 26 Oct 101 19:50:43 GMT Received: from SpoolDir by CSUF42 (Mercury 1.44); 26 Oct 101 19:50:30 GMT From: "Frank KELMO" Organization: University of Plymouth To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:50:22 GMT MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: bioerosion by sea urchins Message-Id: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 963 Dear Colleagues, Amongst the disastrous effects of the 1997-98 ENSO I have found the following affirmation: "Sea urchins eroded disturbed coral colonies at rates that exceed carbonate production, potentially resulting in the elimination of existing reef buildups" My question is how sea-urchins erosion can be best assessed? Mokady et al. 1996 (Biol Bull, 190(3):367-372), suggest quantification of CaCO3 fecal pellets contents + total gut contents. Any other suggestions? I would appreciate everything you can track down. Thanks, Frank. F.Kelmo Coral Reef Ecology Benthic Ecology Research Group 613 Davy Building, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Devon, PL4 8AA United Kingdom. Phone: +44 (0)1752 232951 (Lab) +44 (0)870 712 5852 (home) Fax: +44 (0)1752 232970 E-mail: fkelmo@plymouth.ac.uk ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 26 12:39:01 2001 -0400 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA28119; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 12:39:00 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA03295; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 16:36:39 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003285; Fri, 26 Oct 01 16:36:15 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLTYEZ00.1WS for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 16:32:59 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLTYQX00.KBE; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 13:40:09 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA09491; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 13:40:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA34aWGs; Fri, 26 Oct 01 13:40:08 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA36345 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 20:35:48 GMT Received: from imsdene.mms.gov (smtp.mms.gov [192.135.178.89]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA36255 for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 16:35:28 -0400 (EDT) Received: by imsdene.mms.gov with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) id ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 14:38:15 -0600 Message-ID: <379313C94B76D2119AB60008C7A402E40349837D@imsnolaa.nola.omm.mms.gov> From: "Boland, Gregory" To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" Subject: Eusmilia spawning Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2001 14:37:53 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 964 Coral List, This is in response to Dirk Peterson's request for information on Eusmilia fastigiata spawning. I thought it would be useful to post these images to the whole list even though David sounds like he is concentrating on the spawning behavior of this species for his graduate work. I indirectly acquired this image from a tourist/diver many years back when I was involved with the team that documented the first in situ mass spawning event in the Atlantic/Gulf /Caribbean in 1991 and the first Colpophyllia natans spawning in 1994. This is an incredible image and I have always been puzzled about what is exactly going on. It was taken in French Cay of the Turks and Caicos Islands (not sure which island exactly) on August 28, 1994 at about 9 PM. The full moon for August, 1994 was on the 21st at 23:48 so the image was taken 7 evenings after the full moon. The gametes appear to be individual eggs, much smaller than gamete bundles of Montastrea or Diploria species. I don't know if Eusmilia is dioecious. The strangest aspect is that the gametes or "eggs" are accumulated inside the expanded polyp tentacles. One would speculate that the eggs might be released through the end of the tentacles, but this seems very odd. They are getting out from somewhere as there are many gametes visible in the surrounding water. Could be the gametes in the tentacles are trapped and should have been retained in the gastrovascular cavity for release through the mouth as other taxa do. The close-ups are from the same image, only cropped and scanned at the highest resolution I could squeeze our of my Coolscan III. It is my understanding the photographers have no concerns about photo credit but here are their names anyway, as I have always been a stickler for photo credit , particularly for underwater images. Photos by: Anne Owen and David Wheeler, 1994 Greg Boland Biological Oceanographer Minerals Management Service You can use the URL below to view the images: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/coral_list/eusmilia.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Oct 28 11:27:37 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA14019; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 11:27:36 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA13116; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 15:25:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013087; Sun, 28 Oct 01 15:25:12 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLXN8I00.6QP for ; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 15:21:54 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLXNKJ00.66W; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 12:29:07 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA05356; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 12:29:06 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtUa4Ck; Sun, 28 Oct 01 12:29:06 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA40270 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 20:20:20 GMT Received: from exchange.intec-hou.com ([63.165.44.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA39734 for ; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 15:19:55 -0500 (EST) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft Exchange V6.0.4712.0 content-class: urn:content-classes:message MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Subject: Reef Education/Distance Education Courses Over the Internet Date: Sun, 28 Oct 2001 14:18:47 -0600 Message-ID: Thread-Topic: Reef Education/Distance Education Courses Over the Internet Thread-Index: AcFf7b8mhJXesGcQQuKkN9bDBupShQ== From: "James Wiseman" To: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from base64 to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA40334 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 965 Hello Everyone, A few months ago I posted a note about distance education in reference to Reef Education/Conservation courses taught over the internet. A few people replied with interest and suggestions, however with the caveat that there are still many barriers to be overcome before this type of learning can reach everyone. Currently my group (www.reefs.org) is offering a 15 week course entitled "Invertebrate Zoology for Reef Enthusiasts," taught by Dr. Ron Shimek. I would like to give everyone the opportunity to "sit in" on the the first week of this course to see how we have organized things, what type of material is covered, and how information is conveyed over the "net." It is also my fervent wish that some of you will post some comments for me (the course administrator) that will help improve THIS course, but also FUTURE courses. A description of the concept, its mission, and history are summarized at: www.reefs.org/maco We are using the large base of marine aquarium hobbyists for this class, as they have a unique opportunity to study most of the marine invertebrates covered - in their own homes - by removing them from their aquarium and observing them as part of the laboratories for the course. This would also be possible for people living adjacent to reefs. The following is a welcome message that I sent out to the enrolled students, telling them how to use the course resources, what is expected of them for this first week, and preparing them for a new type of learning experience. Please feel free to drop in and have a look around. If you are really interested, the instructor will be holding the first online discussion session on Wednesday October 31st at 8PM Eastern Standard Time. "Good morning everyone, I'd like to take a minute to welcome everyone to MACO, and introduce myself. I am James Wiseman, and I will be working with Dr. Shimek to administer this course. From time to time you will receive emails from me, and I will also be posting announcements on the MACO webpage and the discussion board. Check them often. This is our second time running this course, so (cross your fingers) hopefully everything will go off without a hitch. I do realize that from time-to-time you may encounter technical difficulties, and I encourage you to email me, or post them to the discussion board. With that said, we are fast approaching the start date for the course, which is Monday, October 29th. At that time, the course will begin in earnest. How about we review what we need to do before then, and what we need to be ready to do? 1) Lectures. You should have all downloaded and perused the 1st lecture. This requires that you install the Adobe Acrobat Reader. If you haven't done either of these yet, please go the the MACO Students Page at: http://www.reefs.org/maco/course_3/index.html Familiarize yourself with the page. Click on "Lectures" and you will see that they are arranged by week. Week 0 contains the introductory materials and the schedule. The Document "Intro and Schedule.pdf" is your guide. It will tell you what you are expected to do each week and what reading assignments need to be completed. Please make yourself familiar w/ this document before Monday!! :-) The Week1 folder contains your first lecture for the course. You would do well to download it and be familiar with it for the first discussion session. We will aim to keep all downloads for MACO to under 1 (one) Megabyte. Because of the excellent pictures and figures, this may mean breaking the lectures into parts, so be advised. 2) Discussions. We will have our first discussion on Wednesday October 31st at 8pm Eastern time. There is a link to the Chat Room on the MACO Students Page at: http://www.reefs.org/maco/course_3/index.html Click on the Chat heading and you will be taken to a software program that will connect you to #MACO, our private chatroom. Unfortunately, this program only works with PC based systems. If you are using a Macintosh, you will need to use a different program to access the chatroom. For instructions on connecting to the chatroom using other programs, please see: www.reefs.org/access/index.html Which will give you specific instructions for whatever system you are using. We have tried to accommodate the majority of people by setting up the chat program on our website, but realize that it won't work for everyone. SO, try it out before Wednesday, and if you are having problems, please email me. 3) Quizzes. You will hear more about these from the Instructor, I guarantee...:-) The quizzes will be archived on the MACO Students Page as well. 4) Labs. You will hear more about these from the Instructor as well. 5) MACO Students Discussion Board. Currently, we have been using the "Questions and Comments" discussion board, which is open to everyone. Once the course enrollment is closed, you will want to use the Private discussion board. More details will be posted the first week of the course. Be aware, it it YOUR responsibility to check the discussion boards for announcements. I will not be "spamming" everyone with email whenever there is a change. You will need to REGISTER for the discussion board in order to read and post. You can register at: http://www.reefs.org/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=agree It will email you your login and you will have a DISCUSSION BOARD password. This is different from the MACO password. So...you will have to remember 2 passwords (write them down!) for the course. One for the discussion board, and one for MACO. Don't forget...CHECK THE DISCUSSION BOARD OFTEN. There is a link to the discussion board from the Maco Students Page. 6) Passwords (Groan). After this first week of class, you will need a password to gain access to the MACO Students Page, and the MACO Students Discussion Board. I will email it to all enrolled students the first week. If you do NOT receive an email from me and you read this on the MACO page, please EMAIL ME ASAP. If you are reading this and you are not enrolled in the course, but wish to be, please go to: http://www.reefs.org/maco/registration1.html Well folks, that's all I can think of for now, but I'm sure there will be more...:-) I am really looking forward to taking this course with you, and if there is anything that the Instructor or Myself can do to help, please don't hesitate to email us or post on the discussion board. This is going to be a challenging course for you all, so remember, stick to it, and WHAT YOU PUT INTO IT IS WHAT YOU GET OUT OF IT." Thanks for your feedback, James Wiseman www.reefs.org Thanks for your feedback, James Wiseman www.reefs.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Oct 28 23:12:55 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id XAA17545; Sun, 28 Oct 2001 23:12:55 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id DAA15203; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 03:10:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015199; Mon, 29 Oct 01 03:09:56 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLYJV300.HVO for ; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 03:06:39 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLYK7400.G30; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 00:13:52 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id AAA06318; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 00:13:51 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfjaaum; Mon, 29 Oct 01 00:13:51 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id IAA41295 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 08:09:37 GMT Received: from socnet.soc.soton.ac.uk (socnet.soc.soton.ac.uk [139.166.136.33]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA41095 for ; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 03:09:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from [139.166.40.54] (40-54.soc.soton.ac.uk [139.166.40.54]) by socnet.soc.soton.ac.uk (8.11.1/8.11.1) with ESMTP id f9T88a913286; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 08:08:37 GMT Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: atmu@mail Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <379313C94B76D2119AB60008C7A402E40349837D@imsnolaa.nola.omm.mms.gov> References: <379313C94B76D2119AB60008C7A402E40349837D@imsnolaa.nola.omm.mms.gov> Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2001 08:03:48 +0000 To: "Boland, Gregory" From: Alex Mustard Subject: Re: Eusmilia spawning Cc: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 966 Hi Greg/coral list, At the following URL there is a picture I took in Antigua in September 1993, which may be of interest (I would need to check Dive log for the date, but Montastrea sp. was also spawning on that night, and from memory it was either 6 or 7 nights post FM): http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/GDD/hydro/atmu/ecology/chapter5/Acoral3.jpg This picture may be consistent with your speculation that the gametes were trapped/accumulated in the tentacles prior to release through the mouth. I would be interested to hear how you and other educated eyes interpret this image. Regards Alex >One would speculate that the eggs might be >released through the end of the tentacles, but this seems very odd. They >are getting out from somewhere as there are many gametes visible in the >surrounding water. Could be the gametes in the tentacles are trapped and >should have been retained in the gastrovascular cavity for release through >the mouth as other taxa do. > >Greg Boland > >You can use the URL below to view the images: >http://www.coral.noaa.gov/coral_list/eusmilia.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 29 02:51:20 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA19162; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 02:51:19 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA16609; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 06:48:57 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016603; Mon, 29 Oct 01 06:48:02 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLYTYK00.PUW for ; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 06:44:44 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLYUAM00.JA7; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 03:51:58 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA21478; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 03:51:57 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASaai8P; Mon, 29 Oct 01 03:51:57 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA37696 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 11:49:34 GMT Received: from dep.biol.rug.nl (dep.biol.rug.nl [129.125.143.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA41684 for ; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 06:49:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from 0000c0adc2ce (marbi28.biol.rug.nl [129.125.144.116]) by dep.biol.rug.nl (8.9.3/8.9.3/Debian 8.9.3-21) with SMTP id MAA19093 for ; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 12:49:16 +0100 X-Authentication-Warning: dep.biol.rug.nl: Host marbi28.biol.rug.nl [129.125.144.116] claimed to be 0000c0adc2ce Message-ID: <005201c1606f$ad32aba0$74907d81@0000c0adc2ce> From: "Gerard J. Geertjes" To: References: <379313C94B76D2119AB60008C7A402E40349837D@imsnolaa.nola.omm.mms.gov> Subject: Re: Eusmilia spawning Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2001 12:48:48 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 967 Hello Greg & coral list. The little spheres that are released by Eusmilia fastigiata are actually zygotes in very early stages of development (16-32 cells). At least part of them (if not all) are released from the tips of the tentacles. Aspects of E. fastigiata reproduction and development of the released spherical bodies are desribed in: de Graaf, M., G. J. Geertjes, and J. J. Videler, 1999: Observations on spawning of scleractinian corals and other invertebrates on the reefs of Bonaire (Netherlands Antilles, Caribbean). Bulletin of Marine Science 64:189-194. Cheers, Gerard Geertjes University of Groningen Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies Department of Marine Biology Kerklaan 30 P.O.Box 14 9750 AA HAREN The Netherlands Tel: +31 (0) 50 363 2226 Fax: +31 (0) 50 363 2261 E-mail: g.j.geertjes@biol.rug.nl http://www.biol.rug.nl/marbio/staff/i-staff.htm ----- Original Message ----- From: Boland, Gregory To: Sent: Friday, October 26, 2001 9:37 PM Subject: Eusmilia spawning > Coral List, > > This is in response to Dirk Peterson's request for information on Eusmilia > fastigiata spawning. I thought it would be useful to post these images to > the whole list even though David sounds like he is concentrating on the > spawning behavior of this species for his graduate work. I indirectly > acquired this image from a tourist/diver many years back when I was involved > with the team that documented the first in situ mass spawning event in the > Atlantic/Gulf /Caribbean in 1991 and the first Colpophyllia natans spawning > in 1994. This is an incredible image and I have always been puzzled about > what is exactly going on. It was taken in French Cay of the Turks and > Caicos Islands (not sure which island exactly) on August 28, 1994 at about 9 > PM. The full moon for August, 1994 was on the 21st at 23:48 so the image > was taken 7 evenings after the full moon. > > The gametes appear to be individual eggs, much smaller than gamete bundles > of Montastrea or Diploria species. I don't know if Eusmilia is dioecious. > The strangest aspect is that the gametes or "eggs" are accumulated inside > the expanded polyp tentacles. One would speculate that the eggs might be > released through the end of the tentacles, but this seems very odd. They > are getting out from somewhere as there are many gametes visible in the > surrounding water. Could be the gametes in the tentacles are trapped and > should have been retained in the gastrovascular cavity for release through > the mouth as other taxa do. > > The close-ups are from the same image, only cropped and scanned at the > highest resolution I could squeeze our of my Coolscan III. > > It is my understanding the photographers have no concerns about photo credit > but here are their names anyway, as I have always been a stickler for photo > credit , particularly for underwater images. > > Photos by: Anne Owen and David Wheeler, 1994 > > Greg Boland > Biological Oceanographer > Minerals Management Service > > You can use the URL below to view the images: > > http://www.coral.noaa.gov/coral_list/eusmilia.html > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Oct 29 03:23:21 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA19422; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 03:23:21 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA16835; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 07:20:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016827; Mon, 29 Oct 01 07:20:53 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLYVHC00.PUX for ; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 07:17:36 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLYVTH00.22G; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 07:24:53 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA07606; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 07:24:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA5uaO2o; Mon, 29 Oct 01 07:24:52 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA41975 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 29 Oct 2001 12:23:11 GMT Message-Id: <200110291223.MAA41975@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2001 07:15:20 -0700 (PDT) From: mel keys To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Effect of divers on fishes Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 968 Divers want to EAT fish. They come someplace like Bonaire, where I'm living at the moment, and go to restaurants named "It Rains Fishes", and they order grouper, snapper, barracuda, whatever Catch of the Day is on the menu. Spearing, traps and nets are illegal here, but not hand line fishing, which is a viable way to catch the preditors. I carry scissors on every dive to cut fishing line off coral. In Grand Turk, where _any_ fishing in the park is illegal, there are many large preditors, seen on every dive. If these fish are bothered by divers, they wander off for the few minutes that the divers have for their dive. Perhaps they even learn the sound of boats stopping, and bubbles, and leave the vicinity for a short spell. Bugged sleeping Nurse Sharks will do that. But, on repeated dives in the same area, the same number of similar sized, similar species preditors will be seen. The few preditors I've seen at the "House Dive" for Cap't Don's Habitat resort aren't very concerned with me, unless I get very close, looking at them. The fish I speak of are one smallish barracuda, and several Tiger Groupers. Again, seen on every dive, in an area that gets huge numbers of divers, at all hours, every day of the year. Fish do learn to avoid divers where there is spearing, such as St. Croix, USVI, where the fish are generally much more shy than the fish here in Bonaire. It's the commercial value, the dinner plate, that depletes preditors from reefs. I hope I haven't offended by not offering a published scientific paper. I do offer the observations of several thousand Caribbean dives done since I was certified in 1980. Regards, Melissa Keyes, s/v Vinga, Bonaire/ St. Croix ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 30 08:02:09 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA11660; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 08:02:08 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA11265; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 11:59:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011247; Tue, 30 Oct 01 11:58:51 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM130L00.VYX for ; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 11:55:33 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM13CR00.UCI; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 12:02:51 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA03924; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 12:02:50 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAjVaqPh; Tue, 30 Oct 01 12:02:50 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA44661 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:49:23 GMT Received: from hermes.nos.noaa.gov (hermes.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.127.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA44778 for ; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 11:48:57 -0500 (EST) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.167.41]) by hermes.nos.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 hermes Jun 11 2001 16:23:30) with ESMTP id GM12PG00.E9L for ; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 11:48:52 -0500 Message-ID: <3BDEDA99.3E81C5B2@noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2001 11:51:37 -0500 From: Jonathan Kelsey Organization: OCRM/CPD X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Reposting: Coral Reef Coordinator Vacancy - Saipan, CNMI Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------A780E92A3F0173CBDFDB0035" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 969 --------------A780E92A3F0173CBDFDB0035 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA44661 Apologies for cross-postings. Quick Deadline for Interested Applicants. The following is a vacancy announcement for a Coral Reef Coordinator position located within the Coastal Resources Management Office of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Please direct inquiries to the appropriate individuals, as identified in the announcement below. POSITION VACANCY Title: Coral Reef Coordinator Agency: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Coastal Resources Management Office Location: Saipan, CNMI Background Coral reef ecosystems are vitally important to the cultural and economic sustainability of residents in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). In addition to providing income and traditional and cultural uses, the structures produced by healthy coral reefs are the Island=92s principle source of against storm events. As development and tourism prosper, it is important to evaluate, monitor, and manage surrounding reefs. As a founding member of the United States Coral Reef Task Force (US CRTF), the CNMI has developed, received funding, and initiated a comprehensive program aimed at conserving their coral reef resources. The program, the CNMI Coral Reef Initiative is made up of a number of individual projects focused on specific coral reef issues and is funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Department of Interior (DOI). Projects range from the development of marine protected areas to establishing Island-wide coral reef monitoring programs. Other U.S. Island members of the Task Force have similarly developed and received funding for their own initiatives. The Coral Reef Initiative in CNMI, due in part to the trans-boundary nature of coral reef management issues, is a cooperative effort driven by a number of territorial and federal agencies. The Coordinator works in the CNMI=92s federally approved Coastal Resources Management Office (CRMO). In addition to serving as the land use planning and permitting agency for the Commonwealth, the CRMO has also been designated the point of contact for federally funded coral reef activities stemming from the Coral Reef Task Force. Other Commonwealth agencies involved in coral reef issues include the Department of Environmental Quality and Division of Fish and Wildlife. Recently the CRMO, in cooperation with these agencies, has guided CNMI to the legislation of its first marine protected area. Responsibilities The Coordinator will be the primary point of contact for coral reef management issues and activities in the CNMI. The responsibilities of the Coordinator are multi-dimensional and include: =B7 Coordinate and provide leadership among the various territorial, regional, and federal agencies active in local, regional, and national coral reef management. =B7 Coordinate and cooperate with the various territorial, regional, and federal agencies to develop a comprehensive coral reef monitoring program that includes benthic cover, coral communities, fish abundance, macro-invertebrate abundance, water quality, and biodiversity. =B7 Analyze data and help prepare annual state of the reef report. =B7 Assists developers in creating marine monitoring plans for permitted projects. =B7 Develop relationships with local communities to build support for marine protected areas and coral reef conservation. =B7 Develop management plans for coastal and marine areas, including marine protected areas. =B7 The development of coral reef education and outreach material and activities for a wide range of audiences including school children, resource users such as fishermen and recreational operators, legislators, and the general public. =B7 Federal grant management and reporting. Qualifications Applicants must be United States (US) Citizens or qualified CNMI Resident Workers per 3CMC Section 4412 (n). Applicants should have an academic and professional background in natural resource management, with specific experience in tropical marine ecosystems. Successful applicants will have an advanced degree in marine resource management, coastal zone management, or marine science with an emphasis on tropical ecosystems. In addition, successful applicants will have at least five (5) years experience in the following areas: =B7 Comprehensive understanding of current practices and issues related t= o the long-term management of coastal and marine natural resources, particularly coral reefs. =B7 Developing management plans for multi-use marine resource and protected areas. =B7 Meeting facilitation, conflict resolution, and collaborative planning among stakeholders with diverse backgrounds and conflicting interests. =B7 Developing and carrying out coral reef and water quality monitoring programs. =B7 Effectively coordinating multi-agency working groups. =B7 Developing and implementing a variety of outreach and educational materials for a wide range of audiences. =B7 Working with the issues of remote, small island states. =B7 SCUBA Certification. Interested Applicants Those interested in applying should submit the following: =B7 Cover letter =B7 Resume or CV =B7 Copy of transcripts for all colleges and universities attended =B7 Completed CNMI Government Application (faxed upon request) =B7 Police Clearance (valid within 1 year) =B7 At least one letter of recommendation Applications and documents should be directed to: Joaquin D. Salas, Acting Administrator CNMI Coastal Resources Management Office of the Governor P.O. Box 10007 2nd Floor Morgen Building San Jose Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950 Fax: (670) 234-0007 Questions and/or request for CNMI Government Application should be directed to: Bernie Pangelinan, Administrative Assistant Phone: (670) 234-6623 Email: c/o crm.permit@saipan.com Closing Date Applications and documents should be postmarked no later than 31 October 2001. -- Jonathan D. Kelsey Coastal Management Specialist, Pacific Region NOAA/NOS/Coastal Programs Division 1305 East-West Highway, 11th Floor, N/ORM3 Silver Spring, MD 20910 Phone: (301) 713-3155 x137 Fax: (301) 713-4367 --------------A780E92A3F0173CBDFDB0035 Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA44661 Apologies for cross-postings. Quick Deadline for Interested Applicants.

The following is a vacancy announcement for a Coral Reef Coordinator position located within the Coastal Resources Management Office of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Please direct inquiries to the appropriate individuals, as identified in the announceme= nt below.

POSITION VACANCY

Title:          Coral Reef Coordinator
Agency:     Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI)
           &nb= sp;       Coastal Resources Management Office
Location:   Saipan, CNMI

Background
Coral reef ecosystems are vitally important to the cultural and econo= mic sustainability of residents in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). In addition to providing income and traditional and cultural uses, the structures produced by healthy coral reefs are the Isl= and=92s principle source of against storm events. As development and touris= m prosper, it is important to evaluate, monitor, and manage surrounding ree= fs.

As a founding member of the United States Coral Reef Task Force (US CRTF), the CNMI has developed, received funding, and initiated a comprehe= nsive program aimed at conserving their coral reef resources. The program= , the CNMI Coral Reef Initiative is made up of a number of individual proje= cts focused on specific coral reef issues and is funded by the National Ocean= ic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Department of Interior (DOI= ). Projects range from the development of marine protected areas to establis= hing Island-wide coral reef monitoring programs. Other U.S. Island membe= rs of the Task Force have similarly developed and received funding for their own initiatives.

The Coral Reef Initiative in CNMI, due in part to the trans-boundary nature of coral reef management issues, is a cooperative effort driven by a number of territorial and federal agencies. The Coordinator works in the CNMI=92s federally approved Coastal Resources Management Off= ice (CRMO). In addition to serving as the land use planning and permitt= ing agency for the Commonwealth, the CRMO has also been designated the point of contact for federally funded coral reef activities stemming from the Coral Reef Task Force.

Other Commonwealth agencies involved in coral reef issues include the Department of Environmental Quality and Division of Fish and Wildlife.&nb= sp; Recently the CRMO, in cooperation with these agencies, has guided CNMI to the legislation of its first marine protected area.

Responsibilities
The Coordinator will be the primary point of contact for coral reef management issues and activities in the CNMI. The responsibilities of the Coordinator are multi-dimensional and include:

· Coordinate and provide leadership among the various territori= al, regional, and federal agencies active in local, regional, and national coral reef management.
· Coordinate and cooperate with the various territorial, regio= nal, and federal agencies to develop a comprehensive coral reef monitoring pro= gram that includes benthic cover, coral communities, fish abundance, macro-inv= ertebrate abundance, water quality, and biodiversity.
· Analyze data and help prepare annual state of the reef repor= t.
· Assists developers in creating marine monitoring plans for permitted projects.
· Develop relationships with local communities to build suppor= t for marine protected areas and coral reef conservation.
· Develop management plans for coastal and marine areas, inclu= ding marine protected areas.
· The development of coral reef education and outreach materia= l and activities for a wide range of audiences including school children, resource users such as fishermen and recreational operators, legislators, and the general public.
· Federal grant management and reporting.

Qualifications
Applicants must be United States (US) Citizens or qualified CNMI Resi= dent Workers per 3CMC Section 4412 (n). Applicants should have an academ= ic and professional background in natural resource management, with specific experience in tropical marine ecosystems. Successful applicants wil= l have an advanced degree in marine resource management, coastal zone manag= ement, or marine science with an emphasis on tropical ecosystems. In addit= ion, successful applicants will have at least five (5) years experience in the following areas:

· Comprehensive understanding of current practices and issues related to the long-term management of coastal and marine natural resourc= es, particularly coral reefs.
· Developing management plans for multi-use marine resource and protected areas.
· Meeting facilitation, conflict resolution, and collaborative planning among stakeholders with diverse backgrounds and conflicting inte= rests.
· Developing and carrying out coral reef and water quality mon= itoring programs.
· Effectively coordinating multi-agency working groups.
· Developing and implementing a variety of outreach and educat= ional materials for a wide range of audiences.
· Working with the issues of remote, small island states.
· SCUBA Certification.

Interested Applicants
Those interested in applying should submit the following:
· Cover letter
· Resume or CV
· Copy of transcripts for all colleges and universities attend= ed
· Completed CNMI Government Application (faxed upon request)
· Police Clearance (valid within 1 year)
· At least one letter of recommendation

Applications and documents should be directed to:
Joaquin D. Salas, Acting Administrator
CNMI Coastal Resources Management
Office of the Governor
P.O. Box 10007
2nd Floor Morgen Building
San Jose Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950
Fax: (670) 234-0007

Questions and/or request for CNMI Government Application should be directed to:
Bernie Pangelinan, Administrative Assistant
Phone: (670) 234-6623
Email: c/o crm.p= ermit@saipan.com

Closing Date
Applications and documents should be postmarked no later than 31 Octo= ber 2001.

--
Jonathan D. Kelsey
Coastal Management Specialist, Pacific Region
NOAA/NOS/Coastal Programs Division
1305 East-West Highway, 11th Floor, N/ORM3
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-3155 x137 Fax: (301) 713-4367
--------------A780E92A3F0173CBDFDB0035-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Oct 30 12:25:40 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA16280; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 12:25:39 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA17502; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:23:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017492; Tue, 30 Oct 01 16:22:49 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM1F8J00.3WS for ; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:19:31 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM1FKQ00.0X3; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:26:50 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA04357; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:26:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkJaGDi; Tue, 30 Oct 01 16:26:48 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA45515 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 21:23:20 GMT Received: from HQMail.nmfs.noaa.gov (hqmail.nmfs.noaa.gov [155.206.14.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA45465 for ; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:22:54 -0500 (EST) Received: from noaa.gov ([199.242.231.27]) by HQMail.nmfs.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM1F6200.VLB for ; Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:18:02 -0500 Message-ID: <3BDF1B13.65308515@noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:26:43 -0500 From: "Jim Bohnsack" Organization: NOAA X-Sender: "Jim Bohnsack" X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75 [en]C-CCK-MCD (Windows NT 5.0; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list-daily@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Diver effects on fishes Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------326B733C3FCE698303F71A61" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 970 --------------326B733C3FCE698303F71A61 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA45515 My observations indicate divers per se are considered just another fish unless they are spearfishing or feeding fish. Where spearfishing occurs fishes learn to avoid divers, especially if they carry a spear. Where divers frequently feed fish they tend to swarm around divers initially (unless spearfishing also occurs). Below are two references that deal with the topic. This paper compares fish behavior on a reef with intense diving activity (and fish feeding but no spearfishing or other extractive activities) to a reef with virtually no diving activity: Bohnsack, J.A. 1998. Reef fish response to divers in two =92no-take=92 marine reserves in Hawaii. Reef Encounter 23:22-24. The following reference shows impacts of spearfishing on fish communities. Bohnsack, J.A. 1982. Effects of piscivorous predator removal on coral reef fish community structure. Pages 258-267 in G.M. Cailliet and C.A. Simenstad (eds.), Gutshop=9281: Fish Food Habits Studies. Proc. 3rd Pacific Tech.Workshop. Washington Sea Grant. University of Washington, Seattle. > Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2001 15:41:53 +0200 > From: "Bridget Armstrong" > Subject: diver effects on fishes > > Dear all > Is anyone aware of published information on the effects of divers on th= e =3D > behaviour of large predatory reef fish ? There seems to be a widely-hel= p =3D > public perception that large numbers of divers cause predatory fish to = =3D > avoid the area, while the number of coral-associates (eg Butterflyfish)= =3D > tends to increase. > > Are there any coral-reef managers out there that zone reefs particularl= y =3D > to provide areas where fish are protected from the effects of divers, a= s =3D > opposed to protecting the coral itself from breakage/diseases ? > > Many thanks > Bridget Armstrong > --------------326B733C3FCE698303F71A61 Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA45515 My observations indicate divers per se are considered just another fish unless they are spearfishing or feeding fish. Where spearfishi= ng occurs fishes learn to avoid divers, especially if they carry a spear.&nb= sp; Where divers frequently feed fish they tend to swarm around divers initia= lly (unless spearfishing also occurs). Below are two references that deal with the topic.

This paper compares fish behavior on a reef with intense diving activi= ty (and fish feeding but no spearfishing or other extractive activities) to a reef with virtually no diving activity:

Bohnsack, J.A. 1998. Reef fish response to divers in two =92no-take=92 marine reserves in Hawaii. Reef Encounter 23:2= 2-24.

The following reference shows impacts of spearfishing on fish communit= ies.

Bohnsack, J.A. 1982. Effects of piscivorous predator removal on coral reef fish community structure. Pages 258-267 in G.M. Cailliet and C.A. Simenstad (eds.), Gutshop=9281: Fish Food Habits S= tudies. Proc. 3rd Pacific Tech.Workshop. Washington Sea Grant. Univer= sity of Washington, Seattle.

Date: Thu, 25 Oct 2001 15:41:53 +0200
From: "Bridget Armstrong" 
Subject: diver effects on fishes

Dear all
Is anyone aware of published information on the effects of divers on the =
=3D
behaviour of large predatory reef fish ? There seems to be a widely-help =
=3D
public perception that large numbers of divers cause predatory fish to =3D
avoid the area, while the number of coral-associates (eg Butterflyfish) =3D
tends to increase.

Are there any coral-reef managers out there that zone reefs particularly =
=3D
to provide areas where fish are protected from the effects of divers, as =
=3D
opposed to protecting the coral itself from breakage/diseases ?

Many thanks
Bridget Armstrong

--------------326B733C3FCE698303F71A61-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 01:36:25 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA22084; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 01:36:25 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA29272; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 05:34:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029268; Wed, 31 Oct 01 05:33:22 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2FU300.R3C for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 05:30:03 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2G6B00.O6D; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 05:37:23 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA12288; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 05:37:22 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAF7aa_x; Wed, 31 Oct 01 05:37:22 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA45852 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 10:33:40 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f126.law3.hotmail.com [209.185.241.126]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA46351 for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 05:33:22 -0500 (EST) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 02:32:44 -0800 Received: from 62.188.144.54 by lw3fd.law3.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 10:32:44 GMT X-Originating-IP: [62.188.144.54] From: "tim ecott" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: divers and fish Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2001 10:32:44 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 31 Oct 2001 10:32:44.0709 (UTC) FILETIME=[6082DD50:01C161F7] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 971 Coral Listers, Mel Keys makes a good point, and needlessly apologises for presenting anecdotal evidence about fish behaviour in response to diver activity. I make the point in my book ('Neutral Buoyancy; Adventures in a Liquid World') that I am constantly amazed by diver attitudes to (a) coral damage - not just immediate physical impact, but a general lack of awareness of what coral ecology is all about and how anthropogenic activity on a wider scale affects the reef (b) fish, crustacea, mollusca etc - why do divers so readily tuck in to things like 'conch' in the Caribbean an hour after surfacing from a dive, or happily chow down on 'coral trout'/ grouper while lamenting the presence of large species at dive sites? On a wider level - when will divers start voting with their feet/fins and start boycotting destinations where poor reef management is evident. It's not good assuming that 'protected area' means that destructive fishing practices are banned. There is ample evidence that coral health and responsible diving can co-exist - let's stop wasting time arguing about whether divers scare fish away. Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. It was noted in the South of France in the 1930's that fish a hundred yards away from where spear fishermen hunted were totally unaffected by divers while those where the spearers dived exhibited clear 'recognition' of men acting as predators. Fish are not as stupid as we persist in thinking. tel (44) 208 607 9436 _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 02:27:31 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA22428; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 02:27:30 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA29629; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 06:25:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029619; Wed, 31 Oct 01 06:24:23 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2I7400.23Z for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 06:21:04 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2IJ800.Q1N; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 03:28:20 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA01469; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 03:28:19 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXsaG3c; Wed, 31 Oct 01 03:28:19 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA46636 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 11:25:21 GMT Message-Id: <200110311125.LAA46636@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2001 14:28:55 -0800 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, fws-megis@lists.fws.gov From: Mike Field Subject: Abstract deadline Nov 7 for Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 972 This is a reminder that the deadline for electronic submission of abstracts for the Coral Reef Session (OS11) and other sessions of interest is Nov 8 at 1400 GMT. This obviously means that folks on the West Coast, Hawaii, and other Pacific areas really need to submit on NOVEMBER 7. For information about abstract submittal, go to: http://www.agu.org/meetings/os02top.html#CusG SESSION OS11 "CORAL REEF HABITATS : NEW INSIGHTS FROM INTEGRATED COASTAL SCIENCE". During the past five years there has been an unprecedented explosion of scientific investigations to map, assess, monitor, and understand coral reef habitats. The driving impetus for the marked increase in studies was, and continues to be, the recognition that human activities are having a pronounced and measurable deleterious effect on reefs. Exacerbated coastal sedimentation and pollution, over-fishing, and ocean warming are but a few of the impacts leading to stress, increased disease, bleaching, and necrosis. The complexities of coral reef habitats and the threats that they face has led to studies that integrate science across a wide spectrum of disciplines. Geodesy, sediment dynamics, remote sensing, geochemistry, and coastal circulation are being joined with traditional disciplines in ecology, geology, and zoology to provide new perspectives and new answers. This session focuses on contributions about advancements in understanding coral reef habitats through the integration of coastal science. New methods and technologies for remote sensing and long term monitoring of coral reefs will be highlighted, as will new understanding of the controls on reef health and sustainability. ********************************************************* Michael E. Field US Geological Survey Pacific Science Center University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High St. Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (831) 459-3428; FAX: (831) 459-3707 Visit us at: http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/mamalabay/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 08:04:01 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA28855; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 08:04:00 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA08211; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:01:38 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008187; Wed, 31 Oct 01 12:01:27 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2XSW00.50D for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 11:58:08 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2Y4Z00.1AE; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 09:05:23 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA20657; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 09:05:22 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASFaivO; Wed, 31 Oct 01 09:05:21 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA47422 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 16:57:45 GMT Received: from tomts14-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts14.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA47111 for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 11:57:34 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.47.23]) by tomts14-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011031165650.TRGG21779.tomts14-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org>; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 11:56:50 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011031105409.00bd9900@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2001 11:56:49 -0500 To: "tim ecott" , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Re: divers and fish In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 973 Tim, You wrote: >I make the point in my book ('Neutral Buoyancy; Adventures in a Liquid >World') that I am constantly amazed by diver attitudes to >(a) coral damage - not just immediate physical impact, but a general lack >of awareness of what coral ecology is all about and how anthropogenic >activity on a wider scale affects the reef Why would that amaze you? I was told once that the average "diver" makes no more than a couple dozen dives his entire life. Many "divers" get no more than ten dives in a year max. These aren't divers any more than I'm a musician because I plunk on my guitar when I have nothing better to do. And those kind of "divers" know no more about coral ecology and anthropogenic activity than I know about major/minor chords and tempo. You wrote: >why do divers so readily tuck in to things like 'conch' in the Caribbean >an hour after surfacing from a dive, or happily chow down on 'coral >trout'/ grouper while lamenting the presence of large species at dive sites? I have a question of my own. Why would you expect the average diver to be any smarter or responsible than the average tourist? You wrote: >On a wider level - when will divers start voting with their feet/fins and >start boycotting destinations where poor reef management is evident. Won't happen. I can offer a long term perspective on poor reef management. The west coast of Maui (a Hawaiian island) has suffered classic and dramatic degradation of its reefs over the last dozen years. Corals have been smothered with repeated algae blooms. Repeated algae blooms by the way, that management/newspapers DENY existed except in 1989 and 91. I wrote a reporter and asked him what in the world they'd define as a "bloom". And here was the response. "In the case of defining what is a "bloom," we rely on what we consider the technical experts," So you can be a diver underwater up to your armpits in green slime and it isn't a bloom. For example, this from Summer 2000 is NOT a bloom! The technical experts say so. Can you see my husband? Next, this summer one of the most popular dive sites on Maui --a place called "Airport Beach" had algae smothering its corals. And here's what the corals look like right where divers and snorkelers get in and out of the water And you know something? Most people come out of there thinking it looks great. Cool fish around. They might even see a hawksbill (we did when there). They're happy. They don't know what Airport Beach looked like before and besides, it's WAY better than anything they have at home. And the ocean from the beach is still blue and beautiful. The people who should be squawking are the tour master-divers there. That is, the dive industry proper. Yet, far as I can tell they're mute. Back in 1991 when I first complained about the massive algae problem in this area: I warned people that the slime would affect tourism. But I was wrong. This summer I actually watched two couples sit with their lounge chairs directly in the Cladophora algae on the beach (thick and slimy) allowing waves to rock them. They were laughing up a streak while drinking beer. From the intensity of their laughter I suspect that in addition to alcohol, their moods were also "enhanced" by Maui-Wowie as well. And when I saw that? Them sitting in slime like that? I concluded that people can handle all manner of coastal decline. Humans will swim in their own swill. So long's the destination swill is better than their home swill. And the tourist industry knows this. And so do the politicians. You wrote: > Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of > spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. Agreed. you wrote: >It was noted in the South of France in the 1930's that fish a hundred >yards away from where spear fishermen hunted were totally unaffected by >divers while those where the spearers dived exhibited clear 'recognition' >of men acting as predators. Fish are not as stupid as we persist in thinking. Unfortunately too many people ARE. Best wishes, Ursula ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 08:47:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA29472; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 08:47:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA09003; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:44:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008994; Wed, 31 Oct 01 12:44:43 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM2ZT100.10S for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:41:25 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM305900.GIQ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:48:45 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA25820; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:48:44 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA0PayAY; Wed, 31 Oct 01 12:48:43 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA47524 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 17:44:58 GMT Received: from waquarium.waquarium.org (waquarium.waquarium.org [166.122.71.15]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA47605 for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:44:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from OMILU.waquarium.org (unknown [192.168.0.43]) by waquarium.waquarium.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id F3ACDFEB2 for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 07:49:13 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011031073957.00b42488@mail.waquarium.org> X-Sender: delbeek@mail.waquarium.org X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2001 07:44:32 -1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Charles Delbeek Subject: Re: divers and fish In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 974 At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: >Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of >spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. Aloha! J. Charles Delbeek Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium 2777 Kalakaua Ave. Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 808-923-9741 808-923-1771 FAX ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 10:17:46 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA00861; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 10:17:45 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA10843; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 14:15:22 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010806; Wed, 31 Oct 01 14:14:29 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM33YM00.H0Z for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 14:11:10 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM34AU00.6CY; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 14:18:30 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA17819; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 14:18:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXGaOYI; Wed, 31 Oct 01 14:18:29 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA46822 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 19:14:29 GMT Received: from sunbeach.net (mail.sunbeach.net [205.214.199.134]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA46585 for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 14:14:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from LoretoMayers [209.101.70.60] by sunbeach.net (SMTPD32-6.06) id AD204F700132; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 15:12:32 -0400 Reply-To: From: "Barbados Marine Trust" To: "Coral-List" Subject: divers and fish Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2001 15:14:09 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1621E.B101A320" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 Importance: Normal X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 975 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1621E.B101A320 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The recreational diver brings the money in -after all those of us who depend on diving as part of our tourism package do not make our money off the pro-diver!!! In Barbados, we found that by involving the recreational diver (as well as the pro diver ) in programmes such as Reef Check, we can educate them about the damage they themselves ( as well as fishermen and boats etc) cause to the reefs. It is a learning process and involvement in Reef protection/ management programmes is the most effective method we have found so far. Loreto Duffy-Mayers Executive Director Barbados Marine Trust --- Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free. Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com). Version: 6.0.292 / Virus Database: 157 - Release Date: 10/26/01 ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1621E.B101A320 Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat" eJ8+IgoUAQaQCAAEAAAAAAABAAEAAQeQBgAIAAAA5AQAAAAAAADoAAEIgAcAGAAAAElQTS5NaWNy b3NvZnQgTWFpbC5Ob3RlADEIAQ2ABAACAAAAAgACAAEGgAMADgAAANEHCgAfAA8ADgAAAAMAIQEB A5AGAJAHAAAmAAAACwACAAEAAAALACMAAAAAAAMAJgAAAAAACwApAAAAAAADADYAAAAAAB4AcAAB AAAAEAAAAGRpdmVycyBhbmQgZmlzaAACAXEAAQAAABYAAAABwWJImPWFUwgozgQR1a4024pJYGo2 AAACAR0MAQAAABoAAABTTVRQOkJNVFJVU1RAU1VOQkVBQ0guTkVUAAAACwABDgAAAABAAAYOAPTN k0hiwQECAQoOAQAAABgAAAAAAAAATM7wKIYlwRGwHG59/mRDs8KAAAALAB8OAQAAAAIBCRABAAAA AwMAAP8CAADpAwAATFpGddCvvTYDAAoAcmNwZzEyNRYyAPgLYG4OEDAzM08B9wKkA+MCAGNoCsBz 8GV0MCAHEwKDAFAQb5URdX0KgXYIkHdrC4B0ZDQMYGMAUAsDC7UgMFRoZSAJcAUAZWEMdGkCIAdA IGRpdnEEkCAgYgUQDyAEIHRDFbEEYG5leSALgCB8LWEBgBbhB0ADIBeQb0ERICBvZiB1BCB30xkg FqBlcAnwZBlgA6D/FrEXQRjABCAKsQVAGXEIYRMXgAhic20bQWNrYcpnFcBkGfBubwVAAMB+axlR G+EX1BlwGYAXknCVA2AtFrMhH4AgSQOgkkIKwGJhHRBzLBnA+xXAAhB1GlEXkBYwFxAYEr52BvAa 0xeSFe8FwCgbId8gkBjhGyEetRalKRgiHvGpCcBhbQeCcxSQaBsS9lIJ4BmAQyJQHLAgcCCC/mMD kQmAFJAWMCJgF5EccO8BoAhgBUAXkmQl8BzSF5HfGBAokhEgIeAHkSgbEiP29mYEACJQcgeAA6AA cBpg7wbgFjAEIBEwYyVQJ8EZoM8ocRnwIkQBEHMuH7AFQPMEABjAIGwWIASgGuIe8f5jB5Au4RpR IaQosAnwLrGvA6Am0x7xGJBjFkIvHXG/FnAc4DDjJZou0ReFcwVA/wERMfIW0BfAETAZIBpgIIJX EPA1ISDEcxnwZgrALjsKogqATAWwETAZ8ER1wQEgeS1NYXkEkBKAOTczRXgFkCkQNRJEafsigRwQ cjckH/YF0ArAC4DpImBUchmgdDckCoQLN08SEhVxAAALDjE4AzBsLTtSLT9QPvRPKRBnb/8a4gDA AxEu0S/gACAGkAiQ7RpgVjnAGaFGCdE3ED8DxycjQWEhcUFWRyxRFkBmLRPwQbJzeTSAKLEogmgC QHA6Ly93RTBOLgnABAAZcHQuBaBtGilCNVY4gRZROiA2gC4wLjI5MiAyUF1BlEQWMAGgGyBlRxAx /DU3GFAmwS8hGUFIMUiiwDAvMjYvMABQPwMUIH03JH1LgAALAAGACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAA AAADhQAAAAAAAAMAA4AIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAABCFAAAAAAAAAwAHgAggBgAAAAAAwAAA AAAAAEYAAAAAUoUAACdqAQAeAAmACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAABUhQAAAQAAAAQAAAA5LjAA HgAKgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAANoUAAAEAAAABAAAAAAAAAB4AC4AIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAA AABGAAAAADeFAAABAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAeAAyACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAA4hQAAAQAAAAEA AAAAAAAACwANgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAgoUAAAEAAAALADqACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAA RgAAAAAOhQAAAAAAAAMAPIAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAABGFAAAAAAAAAwA9gAggBgAAAAAA wAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAGIUAAAAAAAALAFKACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAAGhQAAAAAAAAMAU4AI IAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAAGFAAAAAAAAAwBhgUAJs2c1O9IRpZUAIBhki6cBAAAAIAAAAEEA VgBHACAARgBMAEEARwBTACAAKABPAFUAVAApAAAAAAAAAwIB+A8BAAAAEAAAAEzO8CiGJcERsBxu ff5kQ7MCAfoPAQAAABAAAABMzvAohiXBEbAcbn3+ZEOzAgH7DwEAAACCAAAAAAAAADihuxAF5RAa obsIACsqVsIAAFBTVFBSWC5ETEwAAAAAAAAAAE5JVEH5v7gBAKoAN9luAAAAQzpcV0lORE9XU1xM b2NhbCBTZXR0aW5nc1xBcHBsaWNhdGlvbiBEYXRhXE1pY3Jvc29mdFxPdXRsb29rXG91dGxvb2su cHN0AAAAAwD+DwUAAAADAA00/TcAAAIBfwABAAAANAAAADxNQkJCTEFCTUNDTERBT0VNTUZKR09F TE5DREFBLmJtdHJ1c3RAc3VuYmVhY2gubmV0PgADAAYQVNrajQMABxBtAgAAAwAQEAAAAAADABEQ AAAAAB4ACBABAAAAZQAAAFRIRVJFQ1JFQVRJT05BTERJVkVSQlJJTkdTVEhFTU9ORVlJTi1BRlRF UkFMTFRIT1NFT0ZVU1dIT0RFUEVORE9ORElWSU5HQVNQQVJUT0ZPVVJUT1VSSVNNUEFDS0FHRURP Tk8AAAAAoLY= ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1621E.B101A320-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 12:43:04 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA03886; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 12:43:03 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA14479; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 16:40:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(209.226.175.40) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014475; Wed, 31 Oct 01 16:40:05 -0500 Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.47.23]) by tomts7-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011031214355.WRNT29382.tomts7-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org> for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 16:43:55 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011031164004.026455b0@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2001 16:43:48 -0500 To: Jim Hendee From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Re: divers and fish In-Reply-To: References: <4.3.2.7.2.20011031105409.00bd9900@localhost> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 976 There ya go. What one man calls "cynical" you find funny. And what you found funny pissed me off most of this summer. You know what's worse? I bet there are people reading my post who think I'm exaggerating or spinning. But it's true --every word. By the way I posted that knowing my message will get to "certain" people. And since there's a six hour difference in time between Toronto and Wailuku, Maui I hope I pissed REAL GOOD in their morning coffee! As always, good to hear from you. -------------------------------------- At 02:23 PM 10/31/01 -0500, you wrote: >Oh, that was funny! (Yes, sad, too...). I especially liked the part >about the stoned/stoned couple in the green junk. Hey, when you weren't >looking, they were probably screwing in it! Hyar, hyar! > > Cheers, > Jim > > > > > > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 18:12:26 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA06367; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 18:12:26 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA16830; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 22:10:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016823; Wed, 31 Oct 01 22:09:06 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM3PXN00.81J for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 22:05:47 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM3Q9Q00.3SF; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 19:13:02 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA12879; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 19:13:02 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXWaWiz; Wed, 31 Oct 01 19:13:01 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA48117 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 03:08:18 GMT Received: from laknet.slt.lk (nlaknet.slt.lk [203.115.0.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA47874 for ; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 22:08:00 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtp1.slt.lk (e0.colombo10.slt.lk [203.115.1.145] (may be forged)) by laknet.slt.lk (8.11.3/8.10.2) with SMTP id fA13ADu09350 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:10:13 +0600 (GMT) Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:10:13 +0600 (GMT) Message-Id: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> X-Sender: firefish@sltnet.lk (Unverified) X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.1.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Prasanna Weerakkody Subject: Re: divers and fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 977 I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so "understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef keeper hobbyists voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance for the reefs to recover. I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build "pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make the aquarists aware. The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their hobbies on a daily basis. Prasanna At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: >At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: >>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of >>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. > >I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" >individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these >individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for >healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. >This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of >corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several >hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their >homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. > >Aloha! > > > > >J. Charles Delbeek >Aquarium Biologist >Waikiki Aquarium >2777 Kalakaua Ave. >Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >808-923-9741 >808-923-1771 FAX > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Oct 31 22:12:38 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA07850; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 22:12:37 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA18303; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:10:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018275; Thu, 1 Nov 01 02:09:21 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM412100.N26 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:06:02 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM41E900.20C; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:13:21 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA11227; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:13:20 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAx8aq7v; Thu, 1 Nov 01 02:13:20 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA48242 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 07:09:51 GMT Received: from pltn13.pbi.net (mta7.pltn13.pbi.net [64.164.98.8]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id CAA48528 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:09:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from reefs.org ([64.172.197.223]) by mta7.pltn13.pbi.net (iPlanet Messaging Server 5.1 (built May 7 2001)) with ESMTP id <0GM4002T417H4M@mta7.pltn13.pbi.net> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 31 Oct 2001 23:09:19 -0800 (PST) Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2001 23:09:04 -0800 From: Bill Crockett Subject: Re: divers and fish To: Prasanna Weerakkody Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <3BE0F510.7030205@reefs.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Boundary_(ID_GLaioFWHlvQ5GDjpVriQ0w)" X-Accept-Language: en-us User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; PPC; en-US; rv:0.9.2) Gecko/20010726 Netscape6/6.1 References: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 978 --Boundary_(ID_GLaioFWHlvQ5GDjpVriQ0w) Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Prasanna, Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies exporting it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish population and variety of the reef. While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various sites that have been created because of the hobby. Online magazine created for hobby: http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp 1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: http://www.orafarm.com/ Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org While you state "I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build "pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation then so be it. Bill Crockett www.reefs.org Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: >I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot >than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down >here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of >pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their >hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching >event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of >the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in >fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so >"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same >rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to >the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers >exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no >longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef keeper hobbyists >voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance >for the reefs to recover. > >I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the >recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make >the aquarists aware. > >The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living >room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by >the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of >what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. > >My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with >aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their >hobbies on a daily basis. > >Prasanna > > > > > > > > > > > >At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: > >>At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: >> >>>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of >>>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. >>> >>I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" >>individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these >>individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for >>healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. >>This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of >>corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several >>hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their >>homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. >> >>Aloha! >> >> >> >> >>J. Charles Delbeek >>Aquarium Biologist >>Waikiki Aquarium >>2777 Kalakaua Ave. >>Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >>808-923-9741 >>808-923-1771 FAX >> >>~~~~~~~ >>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> >> >> > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > --Boundary_(ID_GLaioFWHlvQ5GDjpVriQ0w) Content-type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Prasanna,
Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies exporting it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish population and variety of the reef.

While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various sites that have been created because of the hobby.

Online magazine created for hobby: http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp
1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: http://www.orafarm.com/
Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org

While you state

"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or
care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build
"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home."

I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation then so be it.
Bill Crockett
www.reefs.org

Prasanna Weerakkody wrote:

I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot
than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down
here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of
pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their
hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry.  Post to the 1998 bleaching
event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of
the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in
fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so
"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same
rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to
the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers
exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no
longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke
eper hobbyists
voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance
for the reefs to recover.

I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or
care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build
"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home.  May be the
recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make
the aquarists aware.

The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living
room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by
the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of
what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. 

My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with
aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their
hobbies on a daily basis. 

Prasanna











At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote:

At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote:

Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of 
spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs.

I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" 
individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these 
individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for 
healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. 
This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of 
corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several 
hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their 
homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general.

Aloha!




J. Charles Delbeek
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
2777 Kalakaua Ave.
Honolulu, HI, USA 96815
808-923-9741
808-923-1771 FAX

~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www
.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.


~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

--Boundary_(ID_GLaioFWHlvQ5GDjpVriQ0w)-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 01:35:56 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA09250; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 01:35:56 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA19514; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 05:33:34 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019510; Thu, 1 Nov 01 05:32:51 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4AH700.D23 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 05:29:31 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4ATC00.632; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:36:48 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA10039; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 02:36:47 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhiaiMt; Thu, 1 Nov 01 02:36:46 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA45288 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 10:32:47 GMT Received: from pump3.york.ac.uk (pump3.york.ac.uk [144.32.128.131]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA48867 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 05:32:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from york.ac.uk (envpc03.york.ac.uk [144.32.118.106]) by pump3.york.ac.uk (8.10.2/8.10.2) with ESMTP id fA1AVmm08593 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 10:31:49 GMT Message-ID: <3BE1244E.32AE547F@york.ac.uk> Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 10:30:38 +0000 From: Jeremy Kemp X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (Win95; I) X-Accept-Language: it,en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: 'Not our fault' References: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> <3BE0F510.7030205@reefs.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 979 One point prompted by various strands of discussion on the coral list at the moment: There are numerous interest groups involved in making money and a living, or getting enjoyment, from activities that involve the exploitation of coral reef systems and the species which live there. As a marine biologist working on various aspects of Coastal Zone Management and biodiversity conservation, it becomes rather tiresome hearing again and again and again the same old 'Not my fault, guv' response to comments such as those made by Prasanna about aquarium collecting. While it is easy to understand that concerned and responsible individuals associated with such activities get tired of being tarred with the same brush as the irresponsible majority, please don't go defending unsustainable activities (or even appear to be defending them) by proxy while defending yourselves. This problem crops up repeatedly among many groups including fishers, tourist developers and operators, and others. To take just one example (without wanting to be unfair - there are, as we all know, many other sources and causes of degradation, Sri Lanka being a good example of multiple stressors), the bottom line is that the aquarium industry is one significant cause of coral reef degradation in some areas. Claims that someone criticising the aquarium industry is "blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local collectors" are ludicrous when those local collectors are collecting marine species for export to the very same hobbyists being defended. While there is no doubt that there ARE responsible and concerned aquarium hobbyists (and also some responsible collectors, exporters and importers, as well as increasingly organised and coordinated efforts to inject responsibility and sustainability into the hobby internationally) there is also no doubt that the hobby causes real damage to reef systems in certain parts of the world. Claims to the contrary just don't ring true. Jerry Kemp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 04:05:32 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA10473; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 04:05:32 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA21295; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:03:09 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021291; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:02:38 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4HEV00.H23 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 07:59:19 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4HR300.F7X; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:06:39 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA05559; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:06:38 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkmaW2k; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:06:37 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA49103 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:03:44 GMT Received: from tomts9-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts9.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.53]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA48990 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:03:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.53.107]) by tomts9-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011101130251.NPYP11183.tomts9-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org>; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:02:51 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011101065359.00be2940@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 08:02:47 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Re: divers and fish Cc: Bill Crockett In-Reply-To: <3BE0F510.7030205@reefs.org> References: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 980 Hi Bill, You wrote: > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local > collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect > for their own tank. Come on there. That's like saying one shouldn't blame the Consumer for the habits of the local Indonesian loggers because as far as you know very few people chop down exotic hardwoods for their own furniture and floors. You wrote: > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have > become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I > might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at > various sites that have been created because of the hobby. I don't get your point. Why would you encourage us to visit these various reef keepers' sites? I just checked yours out. Perhaps I missed the point. Best wishes, Ursula TURTLE TRAX http://www.turtles.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 04:29:47 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA10939; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 04:29:47 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA21852; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:27:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021841; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:26:34 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4IIQ00.S27 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:23:14 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4IUY00.V5I; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:30:34 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA08469; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:30:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAiJaaIq; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:30:33 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA49428 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:28:48 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA49134 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:28:26 -0500 (EST) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA21736; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:24:20 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021718; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:23:26 -0500 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA10764; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 04:25:48 -0500 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id IAA06547 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:23:37 -0500 (EST) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:23:37 -0500 (EST) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: "Doomed" thread available Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 981 Greetings Coral-Listers, Our CHAMP WebMiss, Monika Gurnee, has compiled the thread for the recent topic, "Are coral reefs doomed?" You may find it at the CHAMP Web site: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/lists/doomed_thread.html I hope this leads to further understanding and constructive discussion. Cheers, Jim ---------------------------------------------------- James C. Hendee, Ph.D. Coral Health and Monitoring Program Ocean Chemistry Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, FL 33149-1026 Voice: (305) 361-4396 Fax: (305) 361-4392 Email: jim.hendee@noaa.gov Web: http://www.coral.noaa.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 05:40:36 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA12576; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 05:40:35 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA23958; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:38:12 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023946; Thu, 1 Nov 01 09:37:43 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4LTB00.72G for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:34:24 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4M5J00.3EK; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:41:43 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA21876; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:41:43 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAg9aaUQ; Thu, 1 Nov 01 09:41:42 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA45935 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 14:38:46 GMT Received: from exchange.intec-hou.com ([63.165.44.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA49200 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 09:38:25 -0500 (EST) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft Exchange V6.0.4712.0 content-class: urn:content-classes:message MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Subject: RE: divers and fish Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:37:17 -0600 Message-ID: Thread-Topic: divers and fish Thread-Index: AcFi33cxjKHzyf9sTTSofCbdJqSJoQAAZodA From: "James Wiseman" To: Cc: "Bill Crockett" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id JAA49527 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 982 Ursula et al., I don't think Bill did a very good job of getting his point across either. He is just back from a month is Fiji "checking up" on one of the coral collectors there and I am sure he has seen both the "good" and the "bad" (and sounds like even the "ugly") of the aquarium trade. I think the MAIN point is that this is a much more complicated issue than just "Aquarium hobbyists don't care where their fish come from." We are talking about a complex socio-economic system with many interconnected parts stretching from Europe to the US to Indonesia to the Philippines, etc. Instead of just pointing to a homepage (Not very useful Bill) why not take a look at an editorial I wrote for that same website, which explains some of these issues to hobbyists who may be ignorant of them: http://www.reefs.org/editorial/september_2000.html One thing to keep in mind through all of this is that aquarium hobbyists LOVE their corals and fish - and as another poster to coral-list once said, "We protect what we love." Cheers James Wiseman -----Original Message----- From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett [mailto:howzit@turtles.org] Sent: Thursday, November 01, 2001 7:03 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Cc: Bill Crockett Subject: Re: divers and fish Hi Bill, You wrote: > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local > collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect > for their own tank. Come on there. That's like saying one shouldn't blame the Consumer for the habits of the local Indonesian loggers because as far as you know very few people chop down exotic hardwoods for their own furniture and floors. You wrote: > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have > become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I > might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at > various sites that have been created because of the hobby. I don't get your point. Why would you encourage us to visit these various reef keepers' sites? I just checked yours out. Perhaps I missed the point. Best wishes, Ursula TURTLE TRAX http://www.turtles.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 07:20:49 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA15414; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 07:20:49 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA27236; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:18:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027222; Thu, 1 Nov 01 11:18:24 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4QH400.T3B for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:15:04 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4QT800.CAJ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:22:20 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA20378; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:22:20 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAR2ayWN; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:22:19 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA49619 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:18:48 GMT Received: from mail7.nc.rr.com (mail7.southeast.rr.com [24.93.67.54]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA49650 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:18:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from hoomunkey.nowhere.com ([66.57.25.160]) by mail7.nc.rr.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.5.1877.687.68); Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:18:22 -0500 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101105110.00ad7ae8@pop-server.nc.rr.com> X-Sender: dlehmann@pop-server.nc.rr.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 11:15:00 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Wade Subject: Re: divers and fish/research Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 983 From the perspective of a researcher wishing to delve into the hard core science behind the reefs, I am throwing my vote in for maintaining a sustainable hobby. The advances in rearing, propagating, and breeding both fish and corals do not come from scientists. And while we might thoroughly enjoy field work, we cannot expect to achieve the same reproducibility in biochemical and molecular information as in the laboratory setting. A distinct lack of control exists. So, as scientists, I propose that we support a sustainable hobby. Let the hobbiests who "love" their animals continue to provide input and leaps forward in the technical know-how of keeping these animals so that in the future, not only can we do solid research, but we can also begin programs of restoration. It seems to me after reading these posts that everyone seems to have a somewhat blanket view of the whole process of collection and keeping. A couple of points I feel that should be made: It is blanket accusations (from both sides of the issue) which cause problems and many hobbiests and organizations are working hard to set up sustainable programs. I would urge both sides to look at all the angles. Collections for reef aquaria, as we all know, is but one aspect of a much larger picture. Wade Lehmann Aquatic Toxicology Dept. of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 07:22:52 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA15482; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 07:22:50 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA27295; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:20:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027278; Thu, 1 Nov 01 11:19:43 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4QJC00.D39 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:16:24 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4QVG00.Q6S; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:23:40 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA20630; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:23:40 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAASuaqrO; Thu, 1 Nov 01 08:23:39 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA49411 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:22:05 GMT Received: from bbnrel4.net.external.hp.com (bbnrel4.hp.com [155.208.254.68]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA48929 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:21:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from gege.grenoble.hp.com (gege.grenoble.hp.com [15.128.115.212]) by bbnrel4.net.external.hp.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9A0F1298; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 17:21:31 +0100 (MET) Received: from nobillc45 (dhcp-15-128-114-133.grenoble.hp.com [15.128.114.133]) by gege.grenoble.hp.com with SMTP (8.8.6 (PHNE_14041)/8.8.6 SMKit7.02) id RAA20614; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 17:21:29 +0100 (MET) Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.20011101172127.00800100@nevada.grenoble.hp.com> X-Sender: excofier@nevada.grenoble.hp.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32) Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 17:21:27 +0100 To: Prasanna Weerakkody , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: David Excoffier Subject: Re: divers and fish In-Reply-To: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 984 Hello Prasanna, >I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. Yes they have, why do you think that some of us are connected to this list ?, I'm not here to learn things on how to keep a reef aquarium, I'm only here because having a reef aquarium has interested me on reef future/ecology. And when I read here interesting contributions that can enlight others reef keepers then I translate (in french) and forward to our distribution list (500 french speaking members having reef aquariums). I'm not the only one to do that. >The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living >room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by >the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of >what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. They know that, and that's why some of us are trying to promote initiatives that are more safe for the reef, grouping their forces in non profit associations for example. Nearly all reef keepers are aware of cyanid fishing just because often the fish dies in their tank, nearly all reef keepers knows exactly the impact of high water temperature of reef inhabitant because it has exactly the same effect in their tank, nearly all reef keepers wants to be able to continue their hobby having the less as possible impact on the reef. A lot of them are working on this, promoting corals frag exchanges, promoting labels, promoting compagnies like this one for example : http://www.aqua-fish.com/ (please visit their web site, you can already found their fishes in french shops !), some of them are even spending time and money to try to organize national/international conferencies on that allowing scientists to speak of that... >My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with >aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their >hobbies on a daily basis. I really think that the largest part of reef keepers are aware on what's going on on real reefs, certainly more aware than everyone else except peoples living there or working on this subject. These reef keepers have friend, families, etc... and all these peoples are also more or less made aware of this because of the reefkeepers. It is perhaps nothing, it'll perhaps be better to stop marine aquarium industry, I don't know... What I know is that most of the reefkeepers that I know have never visited a real reefs, and would have never take care of what is happening on your reef without having a reef tank. This has a price, perhaps it is too expensive for the reef, it's up to you to let us know. When European Community has banned some LPS species coming from Indonesia, who has been aware of that ?, reefkeepers, who has asked why there was this ban ?, reefkeepers, who, perhaps because of this ban, has discovered that reefs where disappearing for severals reason (global warm, aquarist hobby, bomb fishing, etc...) ?, reefkeepers. You cannot say that they are not aware... The first time that I've seen on French TV a major advertise (prime time, something like 9 millions of french people watching TV, severals time on the week) on human impact on the reef was a few weeks ago with a campaign of a french national environnement agency telling something like "do you know that when you use your car you are killing reefs....". Except this uncommon example, all that I have learned on this was here and meeting other reefkeepers , and I came here because I'm a reef keeper. Otherwise I wouldn't have take care of reefs and only take care of global warm that reduce the size of the glaciers that I can see from my home windows. Very sorry for disturbing this list with my simple reefkeeper comments. Regards, David -- Membre de l'ARA (http://www.aquarium-recifal.com ) Co-nettoyeur d'Aquamer. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 08:28:36 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA17397; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 08:28:35 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA29227; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 12:26:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029211; Thu, 1 Nov 01 12:25:15 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4TKK00.K3I for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 12:21:56 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4TWS00.A4Q; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 12:29:16 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA14378; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 12:29:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAj4aieC; Thu, 1 Nov 01 12:29:14 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA49942 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 17:22:10 GMT Received: from VXF.OCIS.UNCWIL.EDU (vxf.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA34987 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 12:21:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01KA6U1J9W8094DSGN@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 12:21:19 -0400 (EDT) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01KA6U1GRGXA8WVYYM@uncwil.edu>; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 12:21:17 -0400 (EDT) Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 12:23:24 -0500 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: divers and fish In-reply-to: <3BE0F510.7030205@reefs.org> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: Bill Crockett , Prasanna Weerakkody Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101121201.00aa59f0@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Boundary_(ID_OQBxw4BvwDx/uY8+iDLwUg)" References: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 985 --Boundary_(ID_OQBxw4BvwDx/uY8+iDLwUg) Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Dear Bill: I think that what Prasanna is intimating in her message is that collecting by whomever for the aquarium trade causes the damage because the aquarium trade provides a market for the captured fishes. Obviously the pet store owner in Chicago or the aquarium owner in Santa Fe are not the ones destroying the reef while collecting, but by paying for the fishes with good ol' $$ they provide the economic incentive for the hard-pressed Fijians or other natives to do the destruction. Peoples in the countries that use destructive fishing practices are usually poor and have few ways in which to make a living. The short term benefit far outweighs the long-term damage to them. If we don't buy, they can't sell, and then there is no use to the collecting and it will eventually stop. The solution you bring up of captive breeding is what is needed for the reef aquarium industry. Few freshwater aquarium fishes come from wild-caught stocks and maybe it is time for marine aquarists to limit their hobby to only those species that can be maricultured. Alina Szmant At 11:09 PM 10/31/2001 -0800, Bill Crockett wrote: >Prasanna, > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local > collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect > for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter > in the world I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They > then transfer the livestock to the various companies exporting > it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various destructive > habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating > sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an article was > published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a research station > in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also witnessed a sea turtle in > a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired the manager on why it was > there and she replied it would be returned to the ocean soon. I also > witnessed various large breeding size fish including specimens that would > be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for food. Am I saying > they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding fish will and does > have an impact on the overall fish population and variety of the reef. > > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have > become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I > might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at > various sites that have been created because of the hobby. > >Online magazine created for hobby: >http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: >http://www.orafarm.com/ >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: >http://www.reefs.org > >While you state >"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." > >I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in >the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the >aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of >the animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I >invite you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and >if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active >participation then so be it. >Bill Crockett >www.reefs.org > > > > > > > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: >> >>I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot >>than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down >>here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of >>pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their >>hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching >>event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of >>the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in >>fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so >>"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same >>rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to >>the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers >>exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no >>longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke >>eper hobbyists >>voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance >>for the reefs to recover. >> >>I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or >>care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build >>"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the >>recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make >>the aquarists aware. >> >>The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living >>room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by >>the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of >>what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. >> >>My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with >>aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their >>hobbies on a daily basis. >> >>Prasanna >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >>At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: >>> >>>At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: >>>> >>>>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of >>>>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. >>> >>>I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" >>>individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these >>>individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for >>>healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. >>>This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of >>>corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several >>>hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their >>>homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. >>> >>>Aloha! >>> >>> >>> >>> >>>J. Charles Delbeek >>>Aquarium Biologist >>>Waikiki Aquarium >>>2777 Kalakaua Ave. >>>Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >>>808-923-9741 >>>808-923-1771 FAX >>> >>>~~~~~~~ >>>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >>>digests, please visit www >>>.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >>>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >>> >>> >>> >> >> >>~~~~~~~ >>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, >>click on Popular on the >>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> >> --Boundary_(ID_OQBxw4BvwDx/uY8+iDLwUg) Content-type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Dear Bill:

I think that what Prasanna is intimating in her message is that collecting by whomever for the aquarium trade causes the damage because the aquarium trade provides a market for the captured fishes. Obviously the pet store owner in Chicago or the aquarium owner in Santa Fe are not the ones destroying the reef while collecting, but by paying for the fishes with good ol' $$ they provide the economic incentive for the hard-pressed Fijians or other natives to do the destruction. Peoples in the countries that use destructive fishing practices are usually poor and have few ways in which to make a living. The short term benefit far outweighs the long-term damage to them. If we don't buy, they can't sell, and then there is no use to the collecting and it will eventually stop.

The solution you bring up of captive breeding is what is needed for the reef aquarium industry. Few freshwater aquarium fishes come from wild-caught stocks and maybe it is time for marine aquarists to limit their hobby to only those species that can be maricultured.

Alina Szmant

At 11:09 PM 10/31/2001 -0800, Bill Crockett wrote:

Prasanna,
    Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies exporting it.   During my stay there I also became aware of the various destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish population and variety of the reef.

     While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various sites that have been created because of the hobby.

Online magazine created for hobby: http:/= /www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp
1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: http://www.orafarm.com/
Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org

While you state

"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build "pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation then so be it. Bill Crockett www.reefs.org



Prasanna Weerakkody wrote:

I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so "understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke eper hobbyists voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance for the reefs to recover. I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build "pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make the aquarists aware. The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think=20 of what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology.=20 My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize=20 with aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their hobbies on a daily basis.=20 Prasanna At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote:

At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote:

Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of=20 spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs.

I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware"=20 individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these=20 individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for=20 healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy.=20 This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of=20 corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several=20 hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their=20 homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in=20 general. Aloha! J. Charles Delbeek Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium 2777 Kalakaua Ave. Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 808-923-9741 808-923-1771 FAX ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www .coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

<= /html> --Boundary_(ID_OQBxw4BvwDx/uY8+iDLwUg)-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Oct 26 15:12:09 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA29452; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 15:12:09 -0400 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA04453; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:09:47 -0400 (EDT) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004449; Fri, 26 Oct 01 19:09:31 -0400 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLU5IE00.FUZ for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:06:14 -0400 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GLU5UD00.6M1; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 16:13:25 -0700 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA25261; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 16:13:24 -0700 (PDT) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAI9aivX; Fri, 26 Oct 01 16:13:24 -0700 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA36634 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 23:08:30 GMT Received: from r2d2.acast.nova.edu (r2d2.acast.nova.edu [137.52.224.50]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA36725 for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:08:08 -0400 (EDT) Received: from r2d2.acast.nova.edu (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by r2d2.acast.nova.edu (8.12.1/8.12.1) with ESMTP id f9QN81Rc001505 for ; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:08:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from ribbontail (ribbontail.ocean.nova.edu [137.52.16.157]) by r2d2.acast.nova.edu (8.12.1/8.12.1) with SMTP id f9QN7xrM001489; Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:08:00 -0400 (EDT) From: "Carol Fretwell" To: Subject: NCRI Proceedings - Last Chance to Order Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2001 19:06:07 -0400 Message-ID: <002601c15e72$cb97f220$9d103489@ribbontail.ocean.nova.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0 Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 986 >>LAST ANNOUNCEMENT<< "Scientific Aspects of Assessment, Monitoring, and Restoration in Coral Reef Ecosystems" LAST CHANCE - ORDER NOW! The Conference Proceedings of the National Coral Reef Institute's 1999 International Conference in Ft. Lauderdale are now available by order. This is a Special Issue of the Bulletin of Marine Science. The 768-page, 51 paper volume includes: * 13 papers on coral reef assessment * 5 papers on biodiversity and community dynamics of coral reefs * 5 papers on impacts and stressors to coral reefs * 15 papers on coral reef monitoring * 13 papers on coral reef restoration dynamics Single copy, print version, including shipping charges (overseas by air mail): $37.00 USD each. Prepublication orders for printed copies will be honored until 5 November ONLY. If payment is not received on a submitted order by 5 November, the order will be cancelled. CD versions of the Proceedings are $10.00 USD, including shipping charges (overseas by Air Mail). CDs will be available beyond the 5 November deadline for print copies. The $10.00 pricing for CDs is only available to Conference participants. The price for non-conference participants is $35.00 USD. Orders must include format (CD or Print), number of copies, and full mailing address of recipient. Orders must include payment by check or international money orders made payable to the BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. Mail orders with payment to: Prof. Samuel C. Snedaker, Editor Bulletin of Marine Science Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149-1098 USA This pricing for printed copies will NOT be available after publication. Conference organizers will NOT be able to provide copies of the proceedings to conference attendees due to size (and therefore cost). The conference fee, as stated in the conference brochure, included the abstract book which was distributed at the conference. Only session chairs and one author from each published paper will receive a complimentary copy. This notice is designed as a reminder for people who have not yet placed their orders. Unforeseen publication delays have made this last opportunity available. Shipment is expected soon after the 5 November date. Any further questions should be directed to: Sam Snedaker Editor, Bulletin of Marine Science BMS@rsmas.miami.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 10:02:24 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA19388; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 10:02:23 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01547; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 14:00:00 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001523; Thu, 1 Nov 01 13:59:05 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4XWX00.140 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:55:45 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4Y9100.HF4; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:03:01 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA19803; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:03:01 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwLa4OM; Thu, 1 Nov 01 11:03:00 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA50161 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 18:59:26 GMT Received: from femail43.sdc1.sfba.home.com (femail43.sdc1.sfba.home.com [24.254.60.37]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA50128 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:59:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from c27294-b.oshadavidson.com ([24.182.69.152]) by femail43.sdc1.sfba.home.com (InterMail vM.4.01.03.20 201-229-121-120-20010223) with ESMTP id <20011101185900.OGZV29728.femail43.sdc1.sfba.home.com@c27294-b.oshadavidson.com> for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 10:59:00 -0800 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101111739.01a2c7f0@mail.oshadavidson.com> X-Sender: osha@mail.oshadavidson.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 12:59:26 -0600 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Osha Gray Davidson Subject: Doomed? thread Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 987 Now that Jim Hendee has posted the entire "Doomed?" thread (thanks Monika Gurnee!), I had a chance to read it through as whole, rather than day by day, as it came. One thing that struck me was, amid the variety of reef problems mentioned, the absence of "disease" as an issue. This seems a particularly egregious omission given a number of factors. (I know some will argue that disease is a response to other problems, and in some cases that's no doubt true, but the links in other cases are not understood and coral diseases as an issue really should be included in any discussion of the fate of reefs.) White Band Disease (WBD) was the main cause of the mass mortality of Acropora, previously the primary reef-building corals of the Caribbean. (Aronson and Precht, "Evolutionary paleocology of Caribbean coral reefs," in Evolutionary Paleoecology, Allmon and Bottjer, eds., 2001.) Then there's the mass mortality of sea fans caused by the bacterium Aspergillus sp. reported by Smith, Harvel and Kim (sorry, I don't have the complete cite handy). Disease also plays a role in coral decline even when the diseases aren't attacking corals per se. The Diadema die-off in the early 1980s (killing 95% of D. antillarum in the western Caribbean) likely contributed to algal overgrowth in many areas (H. Lessios, 1988), since that sea urchin was a major herbivore throughout the area. That epizootic was likely a case of "pathogen pollution," in which pathogens are transported (in this case in bilge water from a ship coming through the Panama canal) by humans. For more on pathogen pollution see Peter Daszak, et al. in Science, 21 January 2000, pp. 443-49. And on that note, I'll climb down from my "disease" soapbox. Cheers, Osha ================================ Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha@oshadavidson.com USA "Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 10:02:27 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA19415; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 10:02:25 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA01594; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 14:00:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001530; Thu, 1 Nov 01 13:59:18 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4XXA00.L3P for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:55:58 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM4Y9F00.MAI; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:03:15 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA19833; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:03:14 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAb1aGUM; Thu, 1 Nov 01 11:03:13 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA49877 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 19:01:03 GMT Received: from laknet.slt.lk (nlaknet.slt.lk [203.115.0.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA49749 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 14:00:18 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtp1.slt.lk (e0.colombo10.slt.lk [203.115.1.145] (may be forged)) by laknet.slt.lk (8.11.3/8.10.2) with SMTP id fA1J2Uu22307 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 01:02:31 +0600 (GMT) Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 01:02:31 +0600 (GMT) Message-Id: <200111011902.fA1J2Uu22307@laknet.slt.lk> X-Sender: firefish@sltnet.lk X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.1.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Prasanna Weerakkody Subject: Re: divers and fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 988 Bill and others I still think that you have no clue what goes on down here. Unfortunately the poor fish collectors down here have no access to computers or internet (many would be barely literate at that matter)and they will never know of what their paymasters (i.e. the aquarist)do or would want them to do either. The locals always used the reef fish for food; and the traditional methods and levels of harvest were sustainable and non destructive. The collection of ornamentals is not traditional and was began and is sustained by the demand by the aquarist. So I do blame the aquarist for the fate of the reef at the hands of the local collectors. I don't think you can come clean on this; The aquarist remain the driving force of the collector, and in a way your attitude that the aquarist and the fish collector are disconnected illustrates the point - that the aquarist is not aware or care about their effects on far away unseen reefs. (Out of sight - out of mind???) If the aquarists do care they should be willing to voluntarily adjust the demand of the trade to match the changing situation on the reefs. and pressurize the 'middle man' the Fish exporter to adapt responsible trade regulations and in turn impose conservation minded controls (techniques, awareness and practices) among their fish collector groups in the field. This is the rock on which we are forced to bash our heads to bring some relief to the reef fauna. Against money driven politics it is difficult to bring in regulation from bottom up. so may be the aquarists could look at a top down approach to this problem "if they care". I would be perhaps the happiest if the aquarists are successful at breeding and growing fish and inverts on their tanks(no more extraction and perhaps a few re-introductions...). But if that is not the sink hole to which our fish go I have no clue where they do go. Forgive me for my stubbornness, It's just that I have to be afraid for every little colorful fish recruiting on the reefs where I work; knowing that their days on the reef are very very short. And we have to (though with much regret)scare the fish and teach them to be wary of divers in order to retain at least a few so that they would grow up on the reef and hopefully breed. Perhaps I hope for too much. Best wishes Prasanna At 11:09 PM 31-10-01 -0800, you wrote: >Prasanna, > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local >collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect >for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral >exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local >Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies >exporting it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various >destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local >Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an >article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a >research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also >witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to >the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish >including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium >trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but >eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish >population and variety of the reef. > > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many >have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While >I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look >at various sites that have been created because of the hobby. > >Online magazine created for hobby: >http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: >http://www.orafarm.com/ >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org > >While you state > >"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." > >I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation then so be it. >Bill Crockett >www.reefs.org > > > > > > > > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: > >>I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot >>than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down >>here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of >>pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their >>hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching >>event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of >>the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in >>fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so >>"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same >>rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to >>the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers >>exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no >>longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef keeper hobbyists >>voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance >>for the reefs to recover. >> >>I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or >>care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build >>"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the >>recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make >>the aquarists aware. >> >>The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living >>room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by >>the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of >>what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. >> >>My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with >>aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their >>hobbies on a daily basis. >> >>Prasanna >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >>At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: >> >>>At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: >>> >>>>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of >>>>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. >>>> >>>I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" >>>individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these >>>individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for >>>healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. >>>This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of >>>corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several >>>hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their >>>homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. >>> >>>Aloha! >>> >>> >>> >>> >>>J. Charles Delbeek >>>Aquarium Biologist >>>Waikiki Aquarium >>>2777 Kalakaua Ave. >>>Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >>>808-923-9741 >>>808-923-1771 FAX >>> >>>~~~~~~~ >>>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >>>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >>>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >>> >>> >>> >> >>~~~~~~~ >>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> >> > > > > > >Prasanna,
> Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local collectors >and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own >tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter in the world >I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They then transfer >the livestock to the various companies exporting it. During my stay there >I also became aware of the various destructive habits of Fijians upon their >own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was >illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji Times about how >two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. > I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to the >ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish including >specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for >food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding >fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish population and variety >of the reef.
>
> While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many have >become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I might >defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various >sites that have been created because of the hobby.
>
>Online magazine created for hobby: http://ww w.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp
>1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: http://www.orafarm.com/
>Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org
>
>While you state >

"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on
down here, or
care how much they are contributing to the destruction of
the reefs to build
"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at
home."

I implore you inform yourself of the current situation
of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or
defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and
inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being
captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as
an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6
months of active participation then so be it.
Bill Crockett
www.reefs.org

>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>Prasanna Weerakkody wrote:
>

I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore
enlightened lot
than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there
is one or two) Down
here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is
re-settling hundreds of
pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to
extract the fish from their
hiding places)supplying the aquarium
industry.  Post to the 1998 bleaching
event the reefs down here have
suffered tremendously with less than 50% of
the reefs remaining and
struggling to survive. there is significant loss in
fish abundance and
diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so
"understanding
or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same
rate. they
still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to
the last
one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers
exported it
is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no
longer
viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke
>eper hobbyists
voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live
exotics to give a chance
for the reefs to recover.

I don't think
the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or
care how much
they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build
"pretty
little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home.  May be
the
recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and
make
the aquarists aware.

The aquarists should know that every
colourful fish that livens their living
room makes the reefs less and
less colourful as the selective predation by
the trade is leaving the
reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of
what such high intensity
selective extraction does to the reef ecology. 

My apologies if I
sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with
aquarists when you
are struggling with the long distance effects of their
hobbies on a daily
basis. 

Prasanna

>

At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you
wrote:

At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote:

Without recreational divers the academic community has
NO hope of 
spreading the word about the plight of the world's
reefs.

I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large
% of "reef aware" 
individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community
.. since these 
individuals have a great deal of experience with what is
necessary for 
healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of
their delicacy. 
This is also a very useful group when it comes to
spreading awareness of 
corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general
public. I know several 
hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary
students visit their 
homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about
coral reefs in general.

Aloha!




J. Charles
Delbeek
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
2777 Kalakaua
Ave.
Honolulu, HI, USA 96815
808-923-9741
808-923-1771
FAX

~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to
coral-list or the
digests, please visit www
>.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on
Coral-List Listserver.


~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and
unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on
the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

>
> > > Prasanna Weerakkody Nature Conservation Group No.9, Balapokuna place, Colombo 6. Sri Lanka E-mail: firefish@sltnet.lk Ph: 941-856041 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 11:16:56 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA21431; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:16:55 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA03805; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:14:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003782; Thu, 1 Nov 01 15:13:41 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM51DA00.C4G for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:10:22 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM51PI00.4KR; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:17:42 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA22253; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:17:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbmaGzR; Thu, 1 Nov 01 15:17:40 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA50051 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:13:51 GMT Received: from tlhexsprot1.floridadep.net (mail.dep.state.fl.us [199.73.152.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA49626 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:13:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from TLHEXSMB2.floridadep.net ([172.20.30.42]) by tlhexsprot1.floridadep.net with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.0.2195.2966); Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:13:25 -0500 content-class: urn:content-classes:message MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Subject: Job Opportunity FDEP X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft Exchange V6.0.4712.0 Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:13:23 -0500 Message-ID: <93E2A2D0BD46024C8C73C0D3395E1F732F4A36@TLHEXSMB2.floridadep.net> Thread-Topic: Job Opportunity FDEP Thread-Index: AcFjEaOlPO3Cz7IsRRqz+cA+CJlS+A== From: "Roberts, Stacy B." To: , X-OriginalArrivalTime: 01 Nov 2001 20:13:25.0227 (UTC) FILETIME=[A97DC3B0:01C16311] Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA49962 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 989 VACANCY Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Beaches and Coastal Systems OPEN COMPETITIVE TITLE: Environmental Specialist III (4812) POSITION #: 00327 LOCATION: Tallahassee (LEON) PAY GRADE: 024 PAY RANGE: $3,060.60 to $5,131.50 MONTHLY MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS: A bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university with a major in one of the physical or natural sciences or engineering and three years of professional experience in environmental protection, regulation or health; one of the physical or natural sciences; or engineering; or A master's degree from an accredited college or university in one of the physical or natural sciences or engineering and two years of professional experience as described above; or A doctorate from an accredited college or university in one of the physical or natural sciences or engineering; or Two years of experience as an Environmental Specialist I or higher with the State of Florida. Professional experience in environmental protection, regulation or health; one of the physical or natural sciences; or engineering can substitute on a year-for-year basis for the required college education. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS: Valid Drivers License, Travel and Open Water SCUBA Certification APPLY TO: Martin Seeling, Environmental Administrator 3900 Commonwealth Blvd Mail Station 300 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3000 (850) 487-4471 ext 104 SunCom 277-4471 ext 104 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF JOB DUTIES: Conducts the review of applications for Joint Coastal Permits (JCP), Environmental Resources Permits (ERP), Wetland Resource Permits (WRP), and authorizations to use sovereign submerged lands for coastal construction activities, including beach nourishment, maintenance dredging of shipping channels and public fishing piers. This position performs extensive communication and coordination with permit applicants, local, state and federal governmental agencies, other departmental entities and other sections of the Office. The incumbent of this position is expected to maintain an expertise in biology of coastal marine and estuarine ecosystems and the statutes, rules, regulations and policies related to coastal construction, environmental resource permit, and sovereign submerged lands programs, pursuant to Chapters 120, 161, 253, 258, 373 and 403, Florida Statutes. This position also provides assistance to and coordination with other sections and program areas of the Office in pursuit of the overall mission to preserve, restore and protect the beaches and coastal ecosystems of Florida. SCUBA certification is required to conduct site inspections and environmental assessments of nearshore and offshore marine habitats. REQUIRED-ENTRY LEVEL KNOWLEDGE, SKILL(s) & ABILITIES: Knowledge of and skill in marine or estuarine ecology. Ability to process permit applications according to statutes, rules and procedures. Ability to meet statutory time clocks and internal deadlines. Ability to collect, analyze, evaluate and interpret scientific and technical data. Ability to deal with the public in a tactful and courteous manner. Ability to effectively communicate verbally and in writing. Ability to plan and conduct field inspections. Ability to prepare technical reports. Knowledge of personal computers. Ability to use software for word processing and GIS. Ability to travel including single and multi day trips. Skill in driving a car and SCUBA diving; and ability to maintain a valid drivers license and open water SCUBA certification. Ability to understand and implement Florida's water quality standards. ***************************************************************************** *************************************************************** NOTE: Males 18-26 years of age who are or were required to register with the U. S. Selective Service and have not done so are ineligible for employment or promotion. NOTE: New hires are normally at base of salary range. To apply, submit a State of Florida Employment Application to the individual whose name appears above by the application deadline date of: NOVEMBER 5, 2001 (or until position is filled) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 11:26:03 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA21662; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 11:26:02 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA04131; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:23:39 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004117; Thu, 1 Nov 01 15:23:11 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM51T300.14F for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:19:51 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM525C00.M92; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:27:12 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA24014; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:27:11 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAzyaO2U; Thu, 1 Nov 01 15:27:10 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA46610 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:24:57 GMT Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu (vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA50268 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:24:37 -0500 (EST) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01KA70FHFVSW934RL5@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 15:24:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01KA70FEN1HE8WVZCQ@uncwil.edu>; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 15:24:19 -0400 (EDT) Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 15:26:27 -0500 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Re: divers and fish In-reply-to: <4.3.2.7.2.20011101094818.00b55098@mail.waquarium.org> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: Charles Delbeek , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101152300.00ab7010@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed References: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101121201.00aa59f0@pop.uncwil.edu> <3BE0F510.7030205@reefs.org> <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 990 Charles: You make an excellent point that supports and improves upon my suggestion: I suggest that only maricultured animals be used in the aquarium trade, and your improvement is the idea that the natives be helped and taught to be the ones doing the mariculture. Sounds like a win-win situation to me! Alina Szmant At 10:01 AM 11/01/2001 -1000, Charles Delbeek wrote: >At 12:23 PM 11/1/2001 -0500, you wrote: >>Dear Bill: >> >>I think that what Prasanna is intimating in her message is that >>collecting by whomever for the aquarium trade causes the damage because >>the aquarium trade provides a market for the captured fishes. Obviously >>the pet store owner in Chicago or the aquarium owner in Santa Fe are not >>the ones destroying the reef while collecting, but by paying for the >>fishes with good ol' $$ they provide the economic incentive for the >>hard-pressed Fijians or other natives to do the destruction. Peoples in >>the countries that use destructive fishing practices are usually poor and >>have few ways in which to make a living. The short term benefit far >>outweighs the long-term damage to them. If we don't buy, they can't >>sell, and then there is no use to the collecting and it will eventually stop. >> >>The solution you bring up of captive breeding is what is needed for the >>reef aquarium industry. Few freshwater aquarium fishes come from >>wild-caught stocks and maybe it is time for marine aquarists to limit >>their hobby to only those species that can be maricultured. > >This is a commonly suggested solution, however, it does not take into >account the issue of what will replace this income for villagers. If there >is no longer a market for their fish or corals, how then will they earn >money to feed their families? It is more likely that they will turn to >other activities that will most likely be just as, if not more damaging, >than what they are currently doing e.g. blast fishing, reef mining, >selling off coastal areas to developers, forestry companies etc etc. What >most of the people working on this problem and actually working in the >field with these people realize is that sustainable usage of reefs is the >best option. By educating the locals on sustaniable practices such as >growing their own coral or farming their own seahorses, the reef takes on >added value and creates a greater demand for protection. While captive >breeding offers the potential to alleviate some of the demand for fishes, >the % of captive reared fishes currently available is minuscule and does >not come close to meeting the demand. > >Aloha! > >J. Charles Delbeek >Aquarium Biologist >Waikiki Aquarium >2777 Kalakaua Ave. >Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >808-923-9741 >808-923-1771 FAX ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 12:19:50 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA23315; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 12:19:49 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA05953; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:17:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005945; Thu, 1 Nov 01 16:16:28 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM549W00.H3T for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:13:08 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM54M100.8H5; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:20:25 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA12168; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 13:20:24 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAjja4Wx; Thu, 1 Nov 01 13:20:24 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA50452 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 21:17:26 GMT Received: from convex.hhmi.columbia.edu (convex.hhmi.columbia.edu [156.111.6.109]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA49958 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:16:47 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by convex.hhmi.columbia.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA07483; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:18:30 -0500 (EST) Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:18:30 -0500 (EST) From: John Williams To: Prasanna Weerakkody cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: divers and fish In-Reply-To: <200111011902.fA1J2Uu22307@laknet.slt.lk> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 991 While I havent been diving, I will take your point that it is likely that the reef aquarium trade is making a significant impact on the reefs. However, from the aquarist that I have met it is clear that they try their very best to provide a high quality habitat for the fish. Those who do usually acquire 4 or 5 fish and keep them for many years. On the other hand, it is likely that many people get into the hobby and do not know much about the requirements of keeping a fish. They may go through a large number of fish, probably view them as expendible like some feel about goldfish. Also, a number of pet stores seem to keep these fish because they may feel like they need to cover all their bases. I am sure a good number of petstores (chain stores in particular) account for a large percentage of the fish demise. While aquaculturing efforts have been only successful for handful of fish, these successful cases only came from careful efforts and alot of time. It is probably possible now to stop collecting clown fish altogther. It may be worth noting that there is alot that has been and will be learnt from these aquariums. You may also be suprised by the education level of many of those keeping reef aquariums. Finally, I would also point out that the reef aquarist have had tremendous success at captively propogating a large number of corals. This success may be very important in the future. One case that comes to mind is how the california vineyards rescued the french vineyard when their grapes came undersiege of a fungal blight. Anyway, the upshot of all of this is a proposal seeking a comprise. People who wish to maintain reef aqauriums need to pass a test demonstrating some level of understanding before being allowed to keep these fish. Shops selling fish would have to pass the same test or something more rigorous, should be periodically check to ensure high quality water conditions/habitat in general, and would require anyone wanting to purchase a fish to show some id. The health department already checks petstores anyway - outfitting them with a few test kits for NH3/Ca/pH etc wouldnt be difficult. As much as I hate to add any more goverment, the proposal would make people aware of what they are getting into, it would discourage chain stores for overstocking and creating lethal habitats for these fish. It would likely drive up the price of the fish and therefore encourage more captive breeding efforts. In all, this could reduce the collecting load on the reefs. Now, I imagine that I would be electronically whipped which is one reason I generally just listen. Regardless, I hope this proposal is taken for what its worth - just an idea to try to help both camps. cheers, john On Fri, 2 Nov 2001, Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: > Bill and others > > I still think that you have no clue what goes on down here. Unfortunately > the poor fish collectors down here have no access to computers or internet > (many would be barely literate at that matter)and they will never know of > what their paymasters (i.e. the aquarist)do or would want them to do either. > > The locals always used the reef fish for food; and the traditional methods > and levels of harvest were sustainable and non destructive. The collection > of ornamentals is not traditional and was began and is sustained by the > demand by the aquarist. So I do blame the aquarist for the fate of the reef > at the hands of the local collectors. I don't think you can come clean on > this; The aquarist remain the driving force of the collector, and in a way > your attitude that the aquarist and the fish collector are disconnected > illustrates the point - that the aquarist is not aware or care about their > effects on far away unseen reefs. (Out of sight - out of mind???) > > If the aquarists do care they should be willing to voluntarily adjust the > demand of the trade to match the changing situation on the reefs. and > pressurize the 'middle man' the Fish exporter to adapt responsible trade > regulations and in turn impose conservation minded controls (techniques, > awareness and practices) among their fish collector groups in the field. > This is the rock on which we are forced to bash our heads to bring some > relief to the reef fauna. Against money driven politics it is difficult to > bring in regulation from bottom up. so may be the aquarists could look at a > top down approach to this problem "if they care". > > I would be perhaps the happiest if the aquarists are successful at breeding > and growing fish and inverts on their tanks(no more extraction and perhaps a > few re-introductions...). But if that is not the sink hole to which our fish > go I have no clue where they do go. > > Forgive me for my stubbornness, It's just that I have to be afraid for every > little colorful fish recruiting on the reefs where I work; knowing that > their days on the reef are very very short. And we have to (though with much > regret)scare the fish and teach them to be wary of divers in order to retain > at least a few so that they would grow up on the reef and hopefully breed. > > Perhaps I hope for too much. > > Best wishes > > Prasanna > > > > > At 11:09 PM 31-10-01 -0800, you wrote: > >Prasanna, > > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local > >collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect > >for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral > >exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local > >Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies > >exporting it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various > >destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local > >Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an > >article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a > >research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also > >witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired > >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to > >the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish > >including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium > >trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but > >eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish > >population and variety of the reef. > > > > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many > >have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While > >I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look > >at various sites that have been created because of the hobby. > > > >Online magazine created for hobby: > >http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp > >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: > >http://www.orafarm.com/ > >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org > > > >While you state > > > >"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or > >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build > >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." > > > >I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in > the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the > aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of the > animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I invite > you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you > still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation > then so be it. > >Bill Crockett > >www.reefs.org > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: > > > >>I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot > >>than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down > >>here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of > >>pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their > >>hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching > >>event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of > >>the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in > >>fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so > >>"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same > >>rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to > >>the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers > >>exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no > >>longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef keeper hobbyists > >>voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance > >>for the reefs to recover. > >> > >>I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or > >>care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build > >>"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the > >>recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make > >>the aquarists aware. > >> > >>The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living > >>room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by > >>the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of > >>what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. > >> > >>My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with > >>aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their > >>hobbies on a daily basis. > >> > >>Prasanna > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >>At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: > >> > >>>At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: > >>> > >>>>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of > >>>>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. > >>>> > >>>I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" > >>>individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these > >>>individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for > >>>healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. > >>>This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of > >>>corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several > >>>hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their > >>>homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. > >>> > >>>Aloha! > >>> > >>> > >>> > >>> > >>>J. Charles Delbeek > >>>Aquarium Biologist > >>>Waikiki Aquarium > >>>2777 Kalakaua Ave. > >>>Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 > >>>808-923-9741 > >>>808-923-1771 FAX > >>> > >>>~~~~~~~ > >>>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >>>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >>>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >>> > >>> > >>> > >> > >>~~~~~~~ > >>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >> > >> > > > > > > > > > > > >Prasanna,
> > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits > of the local collectors > >and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own > >tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter in the world > >I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They then transfer > >the livestock to the various companies exporting it. During my stay > there > >I also became aware of the various destructive habits of Fijians upon their > >own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was > >illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji Times about how > >two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. > > I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. > I inquired > >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to the > >ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish including > >specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for > >food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding > >fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish population and variety > >of the reef.
> >
> > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists > by title many have > >become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I > might > >defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various > >sites that have been created because of the hobby.
> >
> >Online magazine created for hobby: href="http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp">http://ww > w.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp
> >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: class="moz-txt-link-freetext" > href="http://www.orafarm.com/">http://www.orafarm.com/
> >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: href="http://www.reefs.org">http://www.reefs.org
> >
> >While you state > >

"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on
> down here, or
care how much they are contributing to the destruction of
> the reefs to build
"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at
> home."

I implore you inform yourself of the current situation
> of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or
> defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and
> inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being
> captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as
> an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6
> months of active participation then so be it.
Bill Crockett
 class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> href="http://www.reefs.org">www.reefs.org

> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote:
> >

> >

I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore
> enlightened lot
than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there
> is one or two) Down
here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is
> re-settling hundreds of
pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to
> extract the fish from their
hiding places)supplying the aquarium
> industry.  Post to the 1998 bleaching
event the reefs down here have
> suffered tremendously with less than 50% of
the reefs remaining and
> struggling to survive. there is significant loss in
fish abundance and
> diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so
"understanding
> or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same
rate. they
> still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to
the last
> one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers
exported it
> is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no
longer
> viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke
> >eper hobbyists
voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live
> exotics to give a chance
for the reefs to recover.

I don't think
> the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or
care how much
> they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build
"pretty
> little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home.  May be
> the
recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and
> make
the aquarists aware.

The aquarists should know that every
> colourful fish that livens their living
room makes the reefs less and
> less colourful as the selective predation by
the trade is leaving the
> reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of
what such high intensity
> selective extraction does to the reef ecology. 

My apologies if I
> sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with
aquarists when you
> are struggling with the long distance effects of their
hobbies on a daily
> basis. 

Prasanna


 >>








At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you
> wrote:

> >

At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote:

> >

Without recreational divers the academic community has
> NO hope of 
spreading the word about the plight of the world's
> reefs.

> >

I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large
> % of "reef aware" 
individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community
> .. since these 
individuals have a great deal of experience with what is
> necessary for 
healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of
> their delicacy. 
This is also a very useful group when it comes to
> spreading awareness of 
corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general
> public. I know several 
hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary
> students visit their 
homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about
> coral reefs in general.

Aloha!




J. Charles
> Delbeek
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
2777 Kalakaua
> Ave.
Honolulu, HI, USA 96815
808-923-9741
808-923-1771
> FAX

~~~~~~~
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> coral-list or the
digests, please visit  class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.coral.noaa.gov">www
> >.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on
> Coral-List Listserver.

> >


~~~~~~~
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> unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit  class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> href="http://www.coral.noaa.gov">www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on
> the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

> >

> >
> > > > > > > Prasanna Weerakkody > Nature Conservation Group > No.9, Balapokuna place, > Colombo 6. > Sri Lanka > > E-mail: firefish@sltnet.lk > Ph: 941-856041 > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 14:47:48 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA25312; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 14:47:47 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA08757; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 18:45:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008751; Thu, 1 Nov 01 18:44:36 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5B4S00.T4K for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 18:41:16 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5BGW00.ORH; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:48:32 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA03885; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 15:48:32 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAA9aaLh; Thu, 1 Nov 01 15:48:31 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA50683 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 23:45:31 GMT Received: from m2.hawaii.edu (pmdf@m2.hawaii.edu [128.171.94.30]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA50283 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 18:45:19 -0500 (EST) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.m2.hawaii.edu by m2.hawaii.edu (PMDF V6.0-24 #38439) id <0GM500901BAQUS@m2.hawaii.edu>; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 13:44:53 -1000 (HST) Received: from uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu (uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu [128.171.44.6]) by m2.hawaii.edu (PMDF V6.0-24 #38439) with ESMTP id <0GM5008A3BAOGN@m2.hawaii.edu>; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 13:44:49 -1000 (HST) Received: from localhost (jesmith@localhost) by uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id NAA17088; Thu, 01 Nov 2001 13:44:38 -1000 (HST) Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 13:44:38 -1000 (HST) From: Jennifer E Smith Subject: Re: Ocean Sciences 2002 X-X-Sender: To: "Discussion forum on marine, freshwater and terrestrial algae." , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, marbio@mote.org Cc: runcie@hawaii.edu, Laurence McCook , James Leichter , Steve Smith , john.beardall@sci.monash.edu.au, j.a.raven@dundee.ac.uk, hurd@planta.otago.ac.nz, lhandl@scri.sari.ac.uk Message-id: MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII X-Authentication-warning: uhunix1.its.hawaii.edu: jesmith owned process doing -bs Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 992 Appologies for any cross postings. Friends and Colleagues, This is just a friendly reminder to let you all know that the deadline for abstract submission for the ASLO/AGU Ocean Sciences 2002 meeting in Honolulu, HI this Feb. is about a week away. All abstracts must be submitted electronically by Nov 8, at 1:00 eastern time. John Runcie and myself would like to encourage anyone conducting innovative research on nutrient dynamics in coastal ecosystems (physical or biological processes) to submit abstracts to the following session (abstract follows): OS42 Nutrient Dynamics in Coastal Ecosystems: Linking Physical and Biological Processes More information can be obtained at the following site: http://www.agu.org/meetings/os02top.html Student travel awards are available through AGU-see web page for more details. If you have any questions please feel free to contact John or myself. Abstract OS42: Understanding the relative importance of natural and human-induced elevated-nutrient events on coastal ecosystems is an important global issue. As yet there are few clear answers. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the hydrology of coastal waters, the ecology of the organisms living in these waters and their physiology; and nutrient dynamics have been an important component in many of these studies. Yet, of these studies, few cross the traditional lines of discipline. In temperate regions, upwelling and large scale physical processes have long been shown to deliver substantial levels of nutrients to coastal ecosytems, thereby supporting high biomass communities such as kelp forests. In contrast, tropical marine communities are generally considered to be nutrient limited where they exist on tightly recycled and newly generated nutrients. However, recent research has shown that not all tropical areas conform to this paradigm. The effects of localized and large scale physical processes on tropical benthic or pelagic communities remains largely unstudied. Anthropogenic nutrient imputs in both temperate and tropical regions have often been suggested as the primary cause of large scale phase shifts in benthic marine communities. The precise role of nutrients in these ecosystem-wide changes remains largely debated. This session is intended to be a forum where researchers from a variety of disciplines present their views of how best we can understand the real influence of elevated nutrients on coastal ecosystems. An integral part of the session is to open the floor for discussion in the form of open questions for any of the speakers in the session. We hope to break down some of the barriers between researchers traditionally working in separate fields. Conveners: John Runcie, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, P.O. Box 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA, Tel: (808) 236 7477, Fax: (808) 236 7443, email: runcie@hawaii.edu, and Jennifer Smith, University of Hawaii Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA, Tel: (808) 956-3943, email: jesmith@hawaii.edu ******************************************************************** Jennifer E. Smith Graduate Research Assistant Botany Department University of Hawaii Manoa 3190 Maile Way Honolulu HI 96822 office (808)956-3944 email: jesmith@hawaii.edu http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/GradStud/smith/JENHOME.htm ********************************************************************* ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 16:05:03 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA25929; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:05:02 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA09477; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:02:39 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009467; Thu, 1 Nov 01 20:02:31 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5EQO00.84U for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 19:59:12 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5F2W00.8RA; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:06:32 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA06745; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:06:31 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAxFa4kn; Thu, 1 Nov 01 20:06:31 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA50858 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 01:03:58 GMT Received: from tomts20-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts20.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.74]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA50580 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:03:44 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.52.104]) by tomts20-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011102010304.YJLX2854.tomts20-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org> for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:03:04 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011101194909.00d1e840@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Thu, 01 Nov 2001 20:02:36 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Guesstimate as to age of this coral? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 993 Hi CoralHedz! I have three photos of the same coral head. I really need a good estimate as to the age of this particular Pocillopora eydouxi. Details. It grew in about 25 feet on the Hawaiian island of Maui. Temperature loggers show a temperature range of about 27 C in August and about 24 during February through April for this area. Here is a portion of the coral in 1988. In 1989 and 1991. About how many years would this head have been growing to reach that size? Many thanks, Ursula TURTLE TRAX http://www.turtles.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 18:27:14 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA26991; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 18:27:14 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA10388; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:24:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010378; Thu, 1 Nov 01 22:24:21 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5LB200.L4P for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:21:02 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5LNA00.HT1; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:28:22 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA16609; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:28:21 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAShaaCG; Thu, 1 Nov 01 22:28:21 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA49822 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 03:23:28 GMT Received: from garf.org (ntmail1.lightrealm.com [216.122.10.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA50222 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:23:08 -0500 (EST) Received: from [216.222.0.177] (dialup-ip-216-222-0-177.boi.rmci.net [216.222.0.177]) by garf.org (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id TAA02149 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 19:22:57 -0800 (PST) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: algae@mail.garf.org Message-Id: Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:19:02 -0700 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "(GARF) LeRoy & Sally Jo Headlee" Subject: I hope someone can help Dustin Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 994 >Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2001 10:32:27 -0800 (PST) >From: Dustin Wing >Subject: Peace Corps volunteers at aquaculture facilities? >To: Leroy@garf.org > >Leroy: >I really enjoyed the presentation that you and Sally >gave at MACNA this year. It is great to learn new >techniques for propagating coral. > >I am in the process of applying for the Peace Corps >and I was wondering if you are aware of any >aquaculture facilities that use Peace Corps >volunteers. The Peace Corps' website lists >"environmental projects" with coral reefs in Palau, >Micronesia, and the Philippians. The reason that I am >asking you is the Peace Corps recruiters that I am >speaking with cannot tell me really what is going on >in specific projects. I am hoping that you may have >come in contact with some aquaculture facilities that >are using volunteers or know of someone that I could >follow-up with. > >Of all the strange questions that you get during the >day, this must come close to the top. I appreciate >any help that you may be able to offer. Thank you. > >Dustin Wing LeRoy Headlee Director of Research Geothermal Aquaculture Research Foundation http://www.garf.org 800-600-6163 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 18:29:14 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id SAA27016; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 18:29:13 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id WAA10409; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:26:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010399; Thu, 1 Nov 01 22:26:36 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5LEO00.H4J for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:23:12 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5LQW00.4WC; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:30:32 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA16738; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:30:31 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVWaaSG; Thu, 1 Nov 01 22:30:31 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA51045 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 03:27:02 GMT Received: from laknet.slt.lk (nlaknet.slt.lk [203.115.0.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA50933 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:26:43 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtp1.slt.lk (e0.colombo10.slt.lk [203.115.1.145] (may be forged)) by laknet.slt.lk (8.11.3/8.10.2) with SMTP id fA23Suu25340 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:28:57 +0600 (GMT) Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:28:57 +0600 (GMT) Message-Id: <200111020328.fA23Suu25340@laknet.slt.lk> X-Sender: firefish@sltnet.lk X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.1.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Prasanna Weerakkody Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 995 Firstly I apologize that I have still not been able to visit all the suggested Web sites as Internet access is not as proliferate as it should be down here as yet. but I promise I shall check them out shortly, in the mean while I hope you would bear with me. I do by no means insinuate that the Aquarium trade is "the main reason " for reef degradation. (CO2 emissions do a better job than that anyway) but it is still among the major reef problems list. I take it up not because the Aquarium trade is an easy dog to kick as Mike suggests(far from it- the local exporters have a strong political lobby that makes it one of the most difficult issues to bring under management). and besides the Aquarium trade we are having a better luck keeping the "bigger dogs" at bay (we blocked the second biggest port development in the country from materializing on top of a major reef after fighting for a decade in addition to many other issues). I spend most of my time in reef restoration not in hounding the aquarium trade. Mike said.. "Done right, marine fish harvesting can have very little impact (i.e. via net) Obviously, there needs to be some control there. If a species is in decline, the exporters need to tell the collectors that they do not want the fish, and to not buy them either. It is because this is not done that there are problems." Most aquarists are selective of Cyanide caught fishes, But as you suggest mainly due the specimens that arrive at the aquarium being far from healthy. We do not have Cyanide fishing in Sri Lanka and our exporters make this a point to say that they are conscious. But what they fail to say is that instead; they have a net fondly referred to as the " Moxy net". to put a long story briefly; in operation this net has a effect similar to a small blast of dynamite on the reef. No not all nets are benign, specially when operated by untrained divers. And secondly I hope to take your suggestion for control few steps further. The driving force in the whole chain of events is the Aquarist. and If as you say they are concerned you should be the motivating force for control as well. don't leave the responsibility to the exporter. they are only interested in your money. So let it be a trickle down of a demand for responsibility that starts from the aquarists telling the pet shops -> who tell the exporters -> who would then have no option but to regularize the collectors. Fautin brings up a very important issue. In fact my main lobbying for local trade control has been with the trade in Invertebrates. comparatively they do not show the levels of population resilience that you would see in "Fish". (I used the term collectively). I can just bring in two local examples. firstly the large Anemones(Heteractis, Stichodactyla etc.); during the early 1980's we used to see the larger varieties regularly, and gradually disappearing following the pattern of the spread of Aquarium collector on the coastline. Two decades since there are NO (ZERO) large Anemones in any of the 'coastal reefs' in the area where I work. The collectors are chasing them deeper and deeper and in to un-explored reefs. But the populations have failed to return. A second case in point was the Slate pencil urchin (Heterocentrotus sp.) a common species on reefs which was decimated due to a focussed collection sometime around 1986. The species only returned to the reefs in 1999 where a recruitment event finally occurred. I can add to the list but this would suffice. Similarly with the Obligate corallivours what we call the "Cut flower" species... Species that like a flower cut from the plant is still beautiful but will soon wither-away and die. I think this thread is moving in a very constructive direction. Many of the most Aquarium trade related issues and myths are coming out into discussion. and I hope will lead to a better outcome and shift in thinking and practice. Let me cap.. correct me if I am wrong please. 1. The aquarium trade has come a long way and there are successes in breeding tropical marines... But it will be a long long time till when we see enough sureness to make a difference to the numbers collected from the wild. 2. It is not realistic to expect the Aquarists will voluntarily pay double or treble for a captive bred fish when you can get a wild caught for far cheaper. So the wild collection will continue. 3. And while I would fully agree that there are expert Aquarists who would not need many fish to keep an aquarium going; to Exporters skilled enough to reduce transit mortality to almost nil; to Ace collectors who would catch anything on a reef with a hand net without any damage to coral... This is only the minority. The mass is untrained and lack skills needed. They make up the problem. They are the "Pit" that drains the system. There need to be a system of regulation and training at all levels and may be an introduction of a permit system based on skill and training that says who can do what.(expanding on John's comments) 4. Despite all that you do there, the effects of the trade on the reef continue unabated. The connection is not there... and We will continue picking up the pieces. What else?? All said and done the trade has become a part of the lifestyle of the coastal comunities. this cannot be changed overnight. the wellbeing of the population is important to ensuring the survival of the reef. The trade need not Go. just be more responsible, managed and skilled. Regards Prasanna ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 1 19:56:17 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA27651; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 19:56:17 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA10911; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 23:53:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010901; Thu, 1 Nov 01 23:53:34 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5PFQ00.94V for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 23:50:14 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM5PRZ00.KUI; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 23:57:35 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA21142; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 23:57:34 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAj9aOsP; Thu, 1 Nov 01 23:57:34 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA51057 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 04:52:22 GMT Received: from ceasefire.bitstream.net (ceasefire.bitstream.net [216.243.128.220]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id XAA51151 for ; Thu, 1 Nov 2001 23:52:14 -0500 (EST) From: capman@augsburg.edu Received: (qmail 14289 invoked from network); 2 Nov 2001 04:52:05 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO ?216.243.158.16?) (216.243.158.16) by ceasefire with SMTP; 2 Nov 2001 04:52:05 -0000 Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: capman@mail.augsburg.edu (Unverified) Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <200111020328.fA23Suu25340@laknet.slt.lk> References: <200111020328.fA23Suu25340@laknet.slt.lk> Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 22:49:43 -0600 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 996 In addition to the increasing successes in captive breeding of reef fish for the aquarium trade, many thus far unbreedable species of reef fish are now being offered for sale (in some of the more responsible aquarium shops anyway) that have apparently been captured from the wild as planktonic larvae (presumably close to the time when they would be settling out on the reef) and raised up to salable size in captivity. It would seem that as long as there are viable breeding populations on the reefs to produce these larvae this might prove to be a much more environmentally sound way of providing fish for the aquarium trade (if the breeding populations on the reefs are fished out this isn't going to work though, of course!). It would seem to me that the probability of depleting populations by collecting larvae would be much lower than from collecting fish from the reefs themselves, and there would be little to no damage to the reefs as a result of these collecting efforts. However, reality is not always as one supposes when viewed from thousands of miles away. So my question for the group is: are any of you familiar with these operations? Are they in fact as low-impact as they seem to be? Do you think there is much potential for local people in the vicinity of the reefs to be able to benefit from such an approach (e.g. by the establishment of rearing facilities), or is this probably going to be an approach mostly carried out by fish farms distant from the sources of the larvae. It seems that for local people to embrace the protection of their local coral reefs they will need to perceive the reefs as providing them with some benefits. Bill ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 01:06:25 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA00066; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 01:06:24 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA14156; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:04:01 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma014146; Fri, 2 Nov 01 05:03:17 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM63RX00.35H for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 04:59:57 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM644600.0D1; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:07:18 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA12048; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:07:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAz1a4Hx; Fri, 2 Nov 01 05:07:17 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA51460 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:00:53 GMT Received: from phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (root@phoenix.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.234]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA51635 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:00:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from groupwise.wcmc.org.uk (groupwise.wcmc.org.uk [192.26.45.142]) by phoenix.wcmc.org.uk (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id JAA00679 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:59:50 GMT Received: from GROUPWISE-Message_Server by groupwise.wcmc.org.uk with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 02 Nov 2001 10:00:02 +0000 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.4.1 Date: Fri, 02 Nov 2001 09:59:47 +0000 From: "Mark Spalding" To: Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline X-Guinevere: 1.0.13 ; WCMC Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id FAA47908 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 997 I've been following this with interest, and am a bit surprised that we haven't heard directly from the Marine Aquarium Council. Later this month they will be launching a certification scheme for the marine aquarium trade. This, I hope, will be providing certification enabling purchasers to identify fish which have been sustainably harvested, using non-damaging techniques. Whether you are strongly pro, strongly anti or on the fence this has to be a useful step? To be valuable, a certification scheme has to be well researched and monitored. In which case the poor practises we have been hearing about in Sri Lanka would never gain certification, but in a few years might see their markets drying up...and might then clean their act up. Surely IF this fishery could be made sustainable and non-damaging, with all the right controls and balances, then it is a potentially valuable industry for the reefs themselves? Providing a good income and foreign exchange earnings will give a value to the reefs which may ensure their preservation. Chasing the local people off reefs will reduce any interest in looking after them. Mark __________________________________________ Mark Spalding, PhD Senior Marine Ecologist UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.unep-wcmc.org 219 Huntingdon Road Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 Cambridge, CB3 0DL Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 UK e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org or Research Associate Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Department of Geography Downing St Cambridge UK --------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient, they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in them is strictly prohibited. The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of the message and any reply received. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 04:31:49 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA01899; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 04:31:48 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA16004; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:29:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma015997; Fri, 2 Nov 01 08:28:46 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6DAE00.M5E for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:25:26 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6DMJ00.O2I; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:32:43 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA25785; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:32:43 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkbaywY; Fri, 2 Nov 01 05:32:42 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA51903 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:27:52 GMT Received: from web11003.mail.yahoo.com (web11003.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.131.53]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id IAA52167 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:27:29 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <20011102132721.34311.qmail@web11003.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [128.128.174.103] by web11003.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Fri, 02 Nov 2001 05:27:21 PST Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:27:21 -0800 (PST) From: Justin Neviackas Subject: Re: Divers and Fish To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 998 Someone mentioned that there are "responsible Aquarium shops" that are trapping pre-settlement larvae and raising them in captivitiy to a marketable size. Does anyone know the contact information of any of these shops? Thinking about the logistical problems of this capturing plan, in addition to the supply/demand issues of the aquarium trade, it seems that this scheme would be very expensive. --- Mark Spalding wrote: > I've been following this with interest, and am a bit > surprised that we haven't heard directly from the > Marine Aquarium Council. Later this month they will > be launching a certification scheme for the marine > aquarium trade. This, I hope, will be providing > certification enabling purchasers to identify fish > which have been sustainably harvested, using > non-damaging techniques. Whether you are strongly > pro, strongly anti or on the fence this has to be a > useful step? > > To be valuable, a certification scheme has to be > well researched and monitored. In which case the > poor practises we have been hearing about in Sri > Lanka would never gain certification, but in a few > years might see their markets drying up...and might > then clean their act up. > > Surely IF this fishery could be made sustainable and > non-damaging, with all the right controls and > balances, then it is a potentially valuable industry > for the reefs themselves? Providing a good income > and foreign exchange earnings will give a value to > the reefs which may ensure their preservation. > Chasing the local people off reefs will reduce any > interest in looking after them. > > Mark > > __________________________________________ > > Mark Spalding, PhD > Senior Marine Ecologist > UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre > www.unep-wcmc.org > 219 Huntingdon Road > Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 > Cambridge, CB3 0DL > Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 > UK > e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org > or > Research Associate > Cambridge Coastal Research Unit > Department of Geography > Downing St > Cambridge > UK > > > --------------------------------------------------------------- > This E-mail and any attachments are private, > intended solely for > the use of the addressee. If you are not the > intended recipient, > they have been sent to you in error: any use of > information in > them is strictly prohibited. > > The employer reserves the right to monitor the > content of > the message and any reply received. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to > coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on > Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ===== Justin Neviackas Boston University Marine Program Research Technician 508-289-7516 "Refuse to be ordinary" -SR "Stupidity prevents the advancement of knowledge!" - Dr. Ingrid Kaatz __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Find a job, post your resume. http://careers.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 04:32:49 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA01912; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 04:32:48 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA16040; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:30:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016029; Fri, 2 Nov 01 08:29:48 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6DC400.957 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:26:28 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6DO900.TP7; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:33:45 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA25908; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:33:45 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfeaGLY; Fri, 2 Nov 01 05:33:44 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA51605 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:30:06 GMT Received: from mono.mweb.co.za (mono.mweb.co.za [196.2.53.170]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA51789 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:29:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from [196.30.32.44] (helo=bridget) by mono.mweb.co.za with smtp (Exim 3.33 #2) id 15zeIv-0001YH-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Fri, 02 Nov 2001 15:24:13 +0200 Message-ID: <014e01c163a2$7afdf500$2c201ec4@kznwildlife.com> From: "Bridget Armstrong" To: "coral list news" Subject: mantis shrimps crisis Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 15:29:57 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_014A_01C163B3.3A700440" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 999 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_014A_01C163B3.3A700440 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear coral-listers I am forwarding this to you as I know there is a lot of expertise on = tropical systems out there, and perhaps someone can help: Please see the urgent message below from Selby Remie who is our IUCN = contact in the Seychelles (a state member of IUCN) and the person largely responsible for environmental affiars in government. Does anyone have an answer to any of Selby's questions or do we know who = can address this problem URGENTLY? Clearly there is urgency if the temptation is there to eat these shrimps = as the wash up on the shore. So any response would be greately appreciated = - direct to Selby and/or to us at EARO and/or to Mariano at IUCN Species programme at HQ in Gland (mgd@iucn.org) This is one of the reasons for having a group in our region - so can we = find the answers quickly? With regards, Geoffrey Howard Regional Programme Coordinator for IUCN in Eastern Africa > -----Original Message----- > From: Selby Remie [SMTP:sel82@hotmail.com] > Sent: Friday, November 02, 2001 8:57 AM > To: mail@iucnearo.org > Subject:=20 >=20 >=20 > Attention Geofrey >=20 >=20 > Dear Geofrey, >=20 > Can you please assist urgently. We have a strange thing happening in=20 > Seychelles. There are million of matis shrimps being washed up on = various=20 > beaches. According to SFA this phenomenon extend to east Africa and=20 > Zanzibar. Can you please confirm. Can you also try and offer = explanation > as=20 > to why this is happening. I cannot identify the specie yet. It is = small > max=20 > lengt 8cm. greenish. I think it is an Orastosquilla, but this is only > based=20 > on a not so accurate ID guide. >=20 > Some people want to eat this shrimp. I know it will be difficult for = you > to=20 > confirm if this is safe, but I am assuming that you know of similar=20 > instances. Please reply urgently, because this is hot news right now = and > it=20 > is necessary for us to produce a plausible explanation quickly. >=20 > Thanks >=20 > Selby ------=_NextPart_000_014A_01C163B3.3A700440 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Dear coral-listers

I am forwarding this to you as I know there is a lot = of=20 expertise on tropical systems out there, and perhaps someone can=20 help:

Please see the urgent message below from Selby = Remie who=20 is our IUCN contact
in the Seychelles (a state member of IUCN) = and the=20 person largely
responsible for environmental affiars in=20 government.

Does anyone have an answer to any of Selby's = questions or do=20 we know who can
address this problem URGENTLY?

Clearly there = is=20 urgency if the temptation is there to eat these shrimps as
the wash = up on the=20 shore. So any response would be greately appreciated -
direct = to Selby=20 and/or to us at EARO and/or to Mariano at IUCN Species
programme at = HQ in=20 Gland (mgd@iucn.org)

This is = one of the=20 reasons for having a group in our region - so can we find
the answers = quickly?

With regards,

Geoffrey Howard
Regional = Programme=20 Coordinator for IUCN in Eastern Africa

> -----Original=20 Message-----
> From: Selby Remie [SMTP:sel82@hotmail.com]
>= ; Sent:=20 Friday, November 02, 2001 8:57 AM
> To: mail@iucnearo.org
> Subject: =
>=20
>
> Attention Geofrey
>
>
> Dear=20 Geofrey,
>
> Can you please assist urgently. We have a = strange=20 thing happening in
> Seychelles. There are million of matis = shrimps being=20 washed up on various
> beaches. According to SFA this phenomenon = extend=20 to east Africa and
> Zanzibar. Can you please confirm. Can you = also try=20 and offer explanation
> as
> to why this is happening. I = cannot=20 identify the specie yet. It is small
> max
> lengt 8cm. = greenish. I=20 think it is an Orastosquilla, but this is only
> based =
> on a=20 not so accurate ID guide.
>
> Some people want to eat this = shrimp.=20 I know it will be difficult for you
> to
> confirm if this = is safe,=20 but I am assuming that you know of similar
> instances. Please = reply=20 urgently, because this is hot news right now and
> it
> is=20 necessary for us to produce a plausible explanation quickly.
> =
>=20 Thanks
>
> Selby

------=_NextPart_000_014A_01C163B3.3A700440-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 05:01:52 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA02335; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:01:51 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA16477; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:59:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016451; Fri, 2 Nov 01 08:59:09 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6EP100.25X for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:55:49 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6F1600.P4C; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 06:03:06 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA29440; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 06:03:06 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAR9aGD5; Fri, 2 Nov 01 06:03:05 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA52282 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:58:12 GMT Received: from femail14.sdc1.sfba.home.com (femail14.sdc1.sfba.home.com [24.0.95.141]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA52140 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:57:56 -0500 (EST) Received: from c27294-b.oshadavidson.com ([24.182.69.152]) by femail14.sdc1.sfba.home.com (InterMail vM.4.01.03.20 201-229-121-120-20010223) with ESMTP id <20011102135748.CFQK28108.femail14.sdc1.sfba.home.com@c27294-b.oshadavidson.com>; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 05:57:48 -0800 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011102074503.01a590d0@mail.oshadavidson.com> X-Sender: osha@mail.oshadavidson.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Fri, 02 Nov 2001 07:58:20 -0600 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Osha Gray Davidson Subject: Aspergillus Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=====================_4508292==_.ALT" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1000 --=====================_4508292==_.ALT Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable A fellow list member wrote and pointed out that in writing about coral=20 diseases I incorrectly identified Aspergillus (the pathogen infecting sea=20 fans) as a bacterium. It's a fungus. Sorry. Also, references on=20 aspergillosis include: Nagelkerken, Ivan, et al. =93Widespread disease in Caribbean sea fans,=94=20 Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 160, 15 December 1997, pp. 255-263. Nagelkerken, Ivan, et al. =93Widespread disease in Caribbean sea fans,=94=20 Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Vol. 1. 1997,=20 pp. 679-682. Smith, Garriet, et al. =93Caribbean sea fan mortalities,=94 Nature, Vol.= 383,=20 10 October 1996, p. 487. Harvell, Drew, et al. =93Emerging Marine Diseases=96Climate Links and=20 Anthropogenic Factors,=94 Science, 3 September 1999, pp. 1505-1510. Geiser, David, et al. =93Cause of sea fan death in the West Indies,=94= Nature,=20 Vol. 394, 9 July 1998, pp. 137-138. Cheers, Osha =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha@oshadavidson.com USA "Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org --=====================_4508292==_.ALT Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable A fellow list member wrote and pointed out that in writing about coral diseases I incorrectly identified Aspergillus (the pathogen infecting sea fans) as a bacterium. It's a fungus. Sorry. Also, references on aspergillosis include:

Nagelkerken, Ivan, et al. =93Widespread disease in Caribbean sea fans,=94 Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 160, 15 December 1997, pp. 255-263.

Nagelkerken, Ivan, et al. =93Widespread disease in Caribbean sea fans,=94 Proceedings of the 8^th International Coral Reef Symposium, Vol. 1. 1997, pp. 679-682.

Smith, Garriet, et al. =93Caribbean sea fan mortalities,=94 Nature, Vol. 383, 10 October 1996, p. 487.

Harvell, Drew, et al. =93Emerging Marine Diseases=96Climate Links and Anthropogenic Factors,=94 Science, 3 September 1999, pp. 1505-1510.

Geiser, David, et al. =93Cause of sea fan death in the West Indies,=94 Nature, Vol. 394, 9 July 1998, pp. 137-138.

Cheers,
Osha

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Osha Gray Davidson          Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com
14 S. Governor St.          Phone: 319-338-4778
Iowa City, IA 52240         E-Mail: osha@oshadavidson.com
USA

"Fire in the Turtle House" http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/books/fire.html
Book Tour: http://oshadavidson.com/TurtleTour.htm

The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org
--=====================_4508292==_.ALT-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 06:02:21 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA03820; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 06:02:20 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA17785; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:59:57 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017753; Fri, 2 Nov 01 09:59:47 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6HI400.062 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:56:28 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6HU900.I4S; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 07:03:45 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA09918; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 07:03:44 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA8xaOxt; Fri, 2 Nov 01 07:03:44 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA48650 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:59:15 GMT Received: from bbnrel4.net.external.hp.com (bbnrel4.hp.com [155.208.254.68]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA51210 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:59:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from gege.grenoble.hp.com (gege.grenoble.hp.com [15.128.115.212]) by bbnrel4.net.external.hp.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id F05E7E1A; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 15:58:58 +0100 (MET) Received: from nobillc45 (dhcp-15-128-114-133.grenoble.hp.com [15.128.114.133]) by gege.grenoble.hp.com with SMTP (8.8.6 (PHNE_14041)/8.8.6 SMKit7.02) id PAA00451; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 15:58:57 +0100 (MET) Message-Id: <3.0.6.32.20011102155854.007c3ac0@nevada.grenoble.hp.com> X-Sender: excofier@nevada.grenoble.hp.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32) Date: Fri, 02 Nov 2001 15:58:54 +0100 To: Justin Neviackas , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: David Excoffier Subject: Re: Divers and Fish In-Reply-To: <20011102132721.34311.qmail@web11003.mail.yahoo.com> References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1001 Hello Justin, At 05:27 02/11/01 -0800, you wrote: > Someone mentioned that there are "responsible >Aquarium shops" that are trapping pre-settlement >larvae and raising them in captivitiy to a marketable >size. I don't know if shops that are, directly doing that, exist. What I know is that some shops (at least in France) are selling fishes that have been catched as post-larvae (when they come back to the reef) and raised in captivity (in the south of France in the my case). >Does anyone know the contact information of any >of these shops? Thinking about the logistical >problems of this capturing plan, in addition to the >supply/demand issues of the aquarium trade, it seems >that this scheme would be very expensive. Just have a look at the link that I've posted yesterday http://www.aqua-fish.com/ there is an English speaking part (not visited). >From the aquarist side it is not much more expensive (often the same price but smaller because younger), and you have the guarantee that the fish has not been cyanid caught so will not die because of that, that it will eat with no problem as post larvae are raised using dry food, etc ... I don't know how many fishes they are able to raise per month (some of them are sent back to the reef), it's quite new in France (perhaps existing in other coutries but I've never heard that). There is also on our web site a page on this (in French...). Regards, David -- Membre de l'ARA (http://www.aquarium-recifal.com ) Co-nettoyeur d'Aquamer. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 06:02:21 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA03815; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 06:02:20 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA17775; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:59:57 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017750; Fri, 2 Nov 01 09:59:26 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6HHH00.B5W for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:56:05 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6HTN00.P66; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 07:03:23 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA09874; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 07:03:22 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAL4aGqt; Fri, 2 Nov 01 07:03:21 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA51755 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:57:05 GMT Message-Id: <200111021457.OAA51755@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:30:22 -0600 (CST) From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G To: John Williams cc: Prasanna Weerakkody , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: divers and fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1002 The focus of most of this discussion has been on fish. Invertebrates are increasingly popular with marine aquarists and many do poorly in captivity. Among these are the sea anemones that are host to clownfishes. They may live many decades and perhaps a century or more in nature, but an attentive, talented aquarist is lucky to keep one alive five years. Judging from the number of requests I receive to diagnose problems with sick anemones, few aquarists are that attentive, talented, or just plain lucky. Collecting an animal (or buying one someone else has collected) prevents it from contributing to future generations of anemones (like elephants, it appears that these large animals live long and reproduce slowly) as well as depriving current and future generations of clownfishes of homes. I am all for captive propagation, and have challenged marine aquarists never to purchase a wild-caught animal again. Clownfishes are a good example of an easily bred, popular fish. But, as I understand, they cannot be produced sufficiently cheaply to compete with wild-caught ones (they are sitting ducks in nature), and aquarists are unwilling to pay the premium necessary for such conservation. A clownfish, by the way, does not require an anemone in captivity -- even to reproduce. The fish need anemones in nature to provide protection from predators that are absent in captivity. Captive propagation of most invertebrates is another story. A very few, like *Tridacna*, are captive bred. That word is commonly used for corals, but, to my knowledge, all captive propagation (the correct term) of corals is by "fragging" -- breaking off fragments of colonies that then generate more polyps. The assortment of corals that can be kept is impressive, but it is far from all corals, and certainly those that are not colonial are not being captively propagated. I think the grape analogy is not apt -- both European and American grapes were crops. There has been limited success with reintroductions of wild animals from captive populations. The California Condor is one on which the jury is still out. Some small marsupials in Australia seem to do OK as long as the introduced predators that caused their demise are controlled. But for animals that are declining because their habitat is disappearing, I have little hope -- where can they be reintroduced to? And that is my worry about reef denizens. Daphne Fautin On Thu, 1 Nov 2001, John Williams wrote: > Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:18:30 -0500 (EST) > From: John Williams > To: Prasanna Weerakkody > Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > Subject: Re: divers and fish > > > While I havent been diving, I will take your point that it is likely that > the reef aquarium trade is making a significant impact on the reefs. > However, from the aquarist that I have met it is clear that they try their > very best to provide a high quality habitat for the fish. Those who do > usually acquire 4 or 5 fish and keep them for many years. On the other > hand, it is likely that many people get into the hobby and do not know > much about the requirements of keeping a fish. They may go through a > large number of fish, probably view them as expendible like some feel > about goldfish. Also, a number of pet stores seem to keep these fish > because they may feel like they need to cover all their bases. I am sure > a good number of petstores (chain stores in particular) account for a > large percentage of the fish demise. > > While aquaculturing efforts have been only successful for handful of fish, > these successful cases only came from careful efforts and alot of time. It > is probably possible now to stop collecting clown fish altogther. It may > be worth noting that there is alot that has been and will be learnt from > these aquariums. You may also be suprised by the education level of many > of those keeping reef aquariums. Finally, I would also point out that the > reef aquarist have had tremendous success at captively propogating a large > number of corals. This success may be very important in the future. One > case that comes to mind is how the california vineyards rescued the french > vineyard when their grapes came undersiege of a fungal blight. > > Anyway, the upshot of all of this is a proposal seeking a comprise. > People who wish to maintain reef aqauriums need to pass a test > demonstrating some level of understanding before being allowed to keep > these fish. Shops selling fish would have to pass the same test or > something more rigorous, should be periodically check to ensure high > quality water conditions/habitat in general, and would require anyone > wanting to purchase a fish to show some id. The health department already > checks petstores anyway - outfitting them with a few test kits for > NH3/Ca/pH etc wouldnt be difficult. As much as I hate to add any more > goverment, the proposal would make people aware of what they are getting > into, it would discourage chain stores for overstocking and creating > lethal habitats for these fish. It would likely drive up the price of the > fish and therefore encourage more captive breeding efforts. In all, this > could reduce the collecting load on the reefs. > > Now, I imagine that I would be electronically whipped which is one reason > I generally just listen. Regardless, I hope this proposal is taken for > what its worth - just an idea to try to help both camps. > > cheers, john > > > > On Fri, 2 Nov 2001, Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: > > > Bill and others > > > > I still think that you have no clue what goes on down here. Unfortunately > > the poor fish collectors down here have no access to computers or internet > > (many would be barely literate at that matter)and they will never know of > > what their paymasters (i.e. the aquarist)do or would want them to do either. > > > > The locals always used the reef fish for food; and the traditional methods > > and levels of harvest were sustainable and non destructive. The collection > > of ornamentals is not traditional and was began and is sustained by the > > demand by the aquarist. So I do blame the aquarist for the fate of the reef > > at the hands of the local collectors. I don't think you can come clean on > > this; The aquarist remain the driving force of the collector, and in a way > > your attitude that the aquarist and the fish collector are disconnected > > illustrates the point - that the aquarist is not aware or care about their > > effects on far away unseen reefs. (Out of sight - out of mind???) > > > > If the aquarists do care they should be willing to voluntarily adjust the > > demand of the trade to match the changing situation on the reefs. and > > pressurize the 'middle man' the Fish exporter to adapt responsible trade > > regulations and in turn impose conservation minded controls (techniques, > > awareness and practices) among their fish collector groups in the field. > > This is the rock on which we are forced to bash our heads to bring some > > relief to the reef fauna. Against money driven politics it is difficult to > > bring in regulation from bottom up. so may be the aquarists could look at a > > top down approach to this problem "if they care". > > > > I would be perhaps the happiest if the aquarists are successful at breeding > > and growing fish and inverts on their tanks(no more extraction and perhaps a > > few re-introductions...). But if that is not the sink hole to which our fish > > go I have no clue where they do go. > > > > Forgive me for my stubbornness, It's just that I have to be afraid for every > > little colorful fish recruiting on the reefs where I work; knowing that > > their days on the reef are very very short. And we have to (though with much > > regret)scare the fish and teach them to be wary of divers in order to retain > > at least a few so that they would grow up on the reef and hopefully breed. > > > > Perhaps I hope for too much. > > > > Best wishes > > > > Prasanna > > > > > > > > > > At 11:09 PM 31-10-01 -0800, you wrote: > > >Prasanna, > > > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local > > >collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect > > >for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral > > >exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local > > >Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies > > >exporting it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various > > >destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local > > >Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an > > >article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a > > >research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also > > >witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired > > >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to > > >the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish > > >including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium > > >trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but > > >eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish > > >population and variety of the reef. > > > > > > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many > > >have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While > > >I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look > > >at various sites that have been created because of the hobby. > > > > > >Online magazine created for hobby: > > >http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp > > >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: > > >http://www.orafarm.com/ > > >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org > > > > > >While you state > > > > > >"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or > > >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build > > >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." > > > > > >I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in > > the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the > > aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, many of the > > animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and bred. I invite > > you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you > > still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation > > then so be it. > > >Bill Crockett > > >www.reefs.org > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: > > > > > >>I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot > > >>than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one or two) Down > > >>here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of > > >>pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish from their > > >>hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the 1998 bleaching > > >>event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less than 50% of > > >>the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is significant loss in > > >>fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so > > >>"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same > > >>rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to > > >>the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers > > >>exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no > > >>longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef keeper hobbyists > > >>voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to give a chance > > >>for the reefs to recover. > > >> > > >>I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or > > >>care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build > > >>"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the > > >>recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and make > > >>the aquarists aware. > > >> > > >>The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that livens their living > > >>room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective predation by > > >>the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of > > >>what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. > > >> > > >>My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with > > >>aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance effects of their > > >>hobbies on a daily basis. > > >> > > >>Prasanna > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >>At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: > > >> > > >>>At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: > > >>> > > >>>>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of > > >>>>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. > > >>>> > > >>>I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of "reef aware" > > >>>individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these > > >>>individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for > > >>>healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of their delicacy. > > >>>This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading awareness of > > >>>corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I know several > > >>>hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their > > >>>homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs in general. > > >>> > > >>>Aloha! > > >>> > > >>> > > >>> > > >>> > > >>>J. Charles Delbeek > > >>>Aquarium Biologist > > >>>Waikiki Aquarium > > >>>2777 Kalakaua Ave. > > >>>Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 > > >>>808-923-9741 > > >>>808-923-1771 FAX > > >>> > > >>>~~~~~~~ > > >>>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > >>>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > >>>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > >>> > > >>> > > >>> > > >> > > >>~~~~~~~ > > >>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > >>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > >>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > >> > > >> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >Prasanna,
> > >    Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits > > of the local collectors > > >and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own > > >tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral exporter in the world > > >I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. They then transfer > > >the livestock to the various companies exporting it. During my stay > > there > > >I also became aware of the various destructive habits of Fijians upon their > > >own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was > > >illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji Times about how > > >two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. > > > I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. > > I inquired > > >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to the > > >ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish including > > >specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium trade eaten for > > >food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but eating of breeding > > >fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish population and variety > > >of the reef.
> > >
> > >    While most reef keepers are not marine biologists > > by title many have > > >become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While I > > might > > >defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various > > >sites that have been created because of the hobby.
> > >
> > >Online magazine created for hobby: > href="http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp">http://ww > > w.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp
> > >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: > class="moz-txt-link-freetext" > > href="http://www.orafarm.com/">http://www.orafarm.com/
> > >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: > href="http://www.reefs.org">http://www.reefs.org
> > >
> > >While you state > > >

"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on
> > down here, or
care how much they are contributing to the destruction of
> > the reefs to build
"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at
> > home."

I implore you inform yourself of the current situation
> > of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or
> > defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and
> > inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being
> > captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as
> > an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6
> > months of active participation then so be it.
Bill Crockett
 > class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> > href="http://www.reefs.org">www.reefs.org

> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote:
> > >

> > >

I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore
> > enlightened lot
than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there
> > is one or two) Down
here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is
> > re-settling hundreds of
pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to
> > extract the fish from their
hiding places)supplying the aquarium
> > industry.  Post to the 1998 bleaching
event the reefs down here have
> > suffered tremendously with less than 50% of
the reefs remaining and
> > struggling to survive. there is significant loss in
fish abundance and
> > diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been so
"understanding
> > or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same
rate. they
> > still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to
the last
> > one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers
exported it
> > is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no
longer
> > viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke
> > >eper hobbyists
voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live
> > exotics to give a chance
for the reefs to recover.

I don't think
> > the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, or
care how much
> > they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build
"pretty
> > little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home.  May be
> > the
recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the reefs and
> > make
the aquarists aware.

The aquarists should know that every
> > colourful fish that livens their living
room makes the reefs less and
> > less colourful as the selective predation by
the trade is leaving the
> > reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of
what such high intensity
> > selective extraction does to the reef ecology. 

My apologies if I
> > sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with
aquarists when you
> > are struggling with the long distance effects of their
hobbies on a daily
> > basis. 

Prasanna


 > >>








At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you
> > wrote:

> > >

At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote:

> > >

Without recreational divers the academic community has
> > NO hope of 
spreading the word about the plight of the world's
> > reefs.

> > >

I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large
> > % of "reef aware" 
individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community
> > .. since these 
individuals have a great deal of experience with what is
> > necessary for 
healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of
> > their delicacy. 
This is also a very useful group when it comes to
> > spreading awareness of 
corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general
> > public. I know several 
hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary
> > students visit their 
homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about
> > coral reefs in general.

Aloha!




J. Charles
> > Delbeek
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
2777 Kalakaua
> > Ave.
Honolulu, HI, USA 96815
808-923-9741
808-923-1771
> > FAX

~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to
> > coral-list or the
digests, please visit  > class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.coral.noaa.gov">www
> > >.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on
> > Coral-List Listserver.

> > >


~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and
> > unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit  > class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> > href="http://www.coral.noaa.gov">www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on
> > the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

> > >

> > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Prasanna Weerakkody > > Nature Conservation Group > > No.9, Balapokuna place, > > Colombo 6. > > Sri Lanka > > > > E-mail: firefish@sltnet.lk > > Ph: 941-856041 > > > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Haworth Hall University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA telephone 1-785-864-3062 fax 1-785-864-5321 for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released 12 July 2001 *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 06:04:22 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA03869; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 06:04:21 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA17824; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:01:59 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017812; Fri, 2 Nov 01 10:01:16 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6HKK00.T5R for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:57:56 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6HWU00.GCZ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:05:18 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA15545; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:05:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAS_aGwE; Fri, 2 Nov 01 10:05:17 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA52373 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 15:00:23 GMT Received: from postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu [132.236.56.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA52439 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:00:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from [132.236.111.82] ([132.236.111.82]) by postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA24477; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:59:54 -0500 (EST) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: cdh5@postoffice2.mail.cornell.edu Message-Id: Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:59:51 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Drew Harvell Subject: Aspergillus in the Caribbean Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1207409298==_ma============" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1003 --============_-1207409298==_ma============ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Dear List: I second Osha's excellent point about the importance of considering disease processes in declines coral reefs are experiencing. And did also appreciate the "Doomed Coral" thread. I'd also like to add a few more refs from work we've done on the impacts of Aspergillus and resistance of gorgonian corals to fungi. And at the end I've included a paper Gene Shinn and colleagues produced about african dust and aspergillosis. Regards, Drew Kim, K., C. D. Harvell, G. W. Smith, S. M. Merkel, and P. D. Kim. 2000. Role of secondary chemistry in fungal disease resistance of sea fans (Gorgonia spp). Marine Biology 136:259-267. Kim K., P. D. Kim, and C. D. Harvell. 2000. Antifungal properties of gorgonian corals. Marine Biology 137:393-401. Alker, A. G. Smith, and K. Kim. 2001. Characterization of Aspergillus sydowii, a fungal pathogen of CAribbean sea fan corals. Hydrobiologia Kim, K., A. Dobson, F. M. D. Gulland, and C. D. Harvell. 2001. Disease and the conservation of marine diversity. In Conservation of Marine Ecosystems. E. Norse and L. Crowder, eds. Island Press. KIm, K. and C.D. Harvell. 2001. Aspergillosis of seafan corals: dynamics in the Flroida Keys. IN Porter, J and K Porter (eds). Linkages between ecosystemns in the South Florida Hydroscape. CRC, Boca Raton. In press. Shinn et al., Geophysical Research letters 2001. Finally we have a paper coming out in Porter's Disease volume of Hydrobiologia (available any day, I think) about bleaching - disease synergisms in a mass mortality of Briareum. Harvell, C. D., K. Kim, C. Quirolo, G. W. Smith, and J .Weir. 2001. Mass mortality of Briareum asbestinum associated with the 1998 Caribbean coral bleaching. Hydrobiologia. -- Drew Harvell Professor Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology E- 321 Corson Hall Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 VOICE: 607-254-4274 FAX: 607-255-8088 email:cdh5@cornell.edu http://www.es.cornell.edu/harvell/harvell.html --============_-1207409298==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Aspergillus in the Caribbean

Dear List:

I second Osha's excellent point about the importance of considering disease processes in declines coral reefs are experiencing. And did also appreciate the "Doomed Coral" thread. I'd also like to add a few more refs from work we've done on the impacts of Aspergillus and resistance of gorgonian corals to fungi. And at the end I've included a paper Gene Shinn and colleagues produced about african dust and aspergillosis.

Regards, Drew

Kim, K., C. D. Harvell, G. W. Smith, S. M. Merkel, and P. D. Kim. 2000. Role of secondary chemistry in fungal disease resistance of sea fans (Gorgonia spp). Marine Biology 136:259-267.

Kim K., P. D. Kim, and C. D. Harvell. 2000. Antifungal properties of gorgonian corals. Marine Biology 137:393-401.

Alker, A. G. Smith, and K. Kim. 2001. Characterization of Aspergillus sydowii, a fungal pathogen of CAribbean sea fan corals. Hydrobiologia

Kim, K., A. Dobson, F. M. D. Gulland, and C. D. Harvell. 2001. Disease and the conservation of marine diversity. In Conservation of Marine Ecosystems. E. Norse and L. Crowder, eds. Island Press.

KIm, K. and C.D. Harvell. 2001. Aspergillosis of seafan corals: dynamics in the Flroida Keys. IN Porter, J and K Porter (eds). Linkages between ecosystemns in the South Florida Hydroscape. CRC, Boca Raton. In press.

Shinn et al., Geophysical Research letters 2001.

Finally we have a paper coming out in Porter's Disease volume of Hydrobiologia (available any day, I think) about bleaching - disease synergisms in a mass mortality of Briareum.

Harvell, C. D., K. Kim, C. Quirolo, G. W. Smith, and J .Weir. 2001. Mass mortality of Briareum asbestinum associated with the 1998 Caribbean coral bleaching. Hydrobiologia.

--

Drew Harvell
Professor
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
E- 321 Corson Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853

VOICE: 607-254-4274 FAX: 607-255-8088 email:cdh5@cornell.edu http://www.es.cornell.edu/harvell/harvell.html

--============_-1207409298==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 06:14:25 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA04112; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 06:14:24 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA18031; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:12:01 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018015; Fri, 2 Nov 01 10:11:12 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6I1400.A5Y for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:07:52 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6IDE00.J47; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:15:14 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA17224; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:15:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWDaiMH; Fri, 2 Nov 01 10:15:12 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA51972 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 15:10:15 GMT Message-Id: <200111021510.PAA51972@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 02 Nov 2001 09:09:59 -0500 From: Derek Manzello To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: osmotic stress Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1004 Hello all, I am student looking at different stress regimes in Caribbean corals. For quite some time I have inquired as to the existence of references related to the physiology of cnidarians in relation to variable salinities and have come up empty. I was hoping that there is somebody out there who has done work (or knows of somebody who has) on the physiological responses/mechanisms of cnidarians under variable salinities? I would greatly appreciate any advice on possible references related to this topic. Thanks, Derek Manzello ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 08:00:41 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA06635; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:00:40 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA21137; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 11:58:18 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021133; Fri, 2 Nov 01 11:57:22 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6MY200.26G for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 11:54:02 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6NA700.831; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:01:19 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA29434; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:01:18 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkFaWD5; Fri, 2 Nov 01 09:01:18 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA52968 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:56:20 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu (umigw.miami.edu [129.171.97.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA52948 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 11:56:10 -0500 (EST) Received: (qmail 27261 invoked by uid 7794); 2 Nov 2001 16:55:58 -0000 Received: from jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 1.045917 secs); 02/11/2001 11:55:57 Received: from jmcmanus.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO jmcmanus) (129.171.104.91) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 2 Nov 2001 16:55:57 -0000 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: Subject: RE: divers and fish Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 11:55:05 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 In-Reply-To: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101152300.00ab7010@pop.uncwil.edu> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1005 The aquarium trade presents some interesting dilemmas. In many places, it used to be that people who fished reefs for food were performing a public service of extreme importance, supplying markets and their families with protein for local consumption. Then we learned increasingly of fishers who could not afford to eat much of the fish they caught -- the fishing was to raise the money to buy more important staples such as rice. Then in many areas, mass culture of chicken brought its cost down below that of fish, and this reinforced the idea that the greatest importance of fishing on a reef was to keep people from dire levels of poverty. All this, of course, varies from place to place, and there are still areas, especially in the central Pacific, where fishing is the primary low-cost way of feeding one's family and neighbors. Elsewhere, however, the aquarium trade often offers a higher return per effort than food fishing. And, we rarely get the massive local reductions and local extinctions associated with high levels of food fishing, provided cyanide has been removed from the equation. Certainly, the volume of fish caught for the aquarium trade is very tiny compared to that associated with food fishing. Furthermore, it is extremely difficult to find a trade like aquarium fishing that provides a successful alternative livelihood in a remote community. However, that leaves the very serious concern about exotic introductions. Recent history is filled with examples of exotic species radically altering ecosystems. Freshwater aquarists have often been involved starting devastating species takeovers in tropical freshwater systems, adding (along with the far worse problems of irresponsible aquaculture, short-sighted deliberate introductions and environmental damage) to what is probably the greatest mass extinction of vertebrates on Earth in recent history. In the marine environment, it is not at all unusual to hear about, say, a Pacific Lionfish living in Biscayne Bay. I think that it is a matter of time before we see some truly devastating marine introductions from aquarists (assuming that it has not happened already, say with coral disease). Of course, mariculture of aquarium fish would not reduce this problem. So, while the aquarium trade makes a great deal of sense as a source of livelihood in many cases, I think that the greatest danger lies in exotic introductions. I'm not sure of the solution, other than perhaps restricting fish distributions to within their natural range. However, there are many aspects of theaquarium industry that are good for society, such as maintaining public awareness, and it would be good to seek some solutions. Cheers! John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 08:14:49 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA06946; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:14:48 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA21448; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:12:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021444; Fri, 2 Nov 01 12:11:37 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6NLT00.A6N for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:08:17 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6NXY00.83G; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:15:34 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA01762; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:15:34 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAixa4Ad; Fri, 2 Nov 01 09:15:33 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA53013 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:11:30 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu (umigw.miami.edu [129.171.97.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id MAA53045 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:11:06 -0500 (EST) Received: (qmail 6018 invoked by uid 7794); 2 Nov 2001 17:10:59 -0000 Received: from jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 1.231466 secs); 02/11/2001 12:10:58 Received: from jmcmanus.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO jmcmanus) (129.171.104.91) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 2 Nov 2001 17:10:58 -0000 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" Subject: RE: Divers and Fish Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:10:05 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 In-Reply-To: <20011102132721.34311.qmail@web11003.mail.yahoo.com> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1006 A company (based in France as I recall) looked into trapping reef fish for rearing in the Philippines. We recommended against the development of this practice there for two primary reasons. 1. the practice could rapidly become extremely widespread and would be difficult to control via licensing, and 2. heavily overfished reefs such as most of those there tend to be highly dependent on recruitment from larvae and juveniles. Our experience with the similar practice of wild-trapping of milkfish and prawn larvae and juveniles showed that there was a strong incentive for gatherers to dump unwanted catch on a beach so as to "get them out of the way" in future trapping. Thus, hundreds of species are systematically removed from shorelines in which the bulk of the (rapidly declining) fish found in markets are only a year or a few years old. These arguments may or may not hold true for reefs in which fishing is low, and thus may not be as sensitive to annual fluctuations in recruitment by larvae and juveniles. Note that an important problem was that the practice was not expensive enough to limit it effectively. Cheers! John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Justin Neviackas Sent: Friday, November 02, 2001 8:27 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Someone mentioned that there are "responsible Aquarium shops" that are trapping pre-settlement larvae and raising them in captivitiy to a marketable size. Does anyone know the contact information of any of these shops? Thinking about the logistical problems of this capturing plan, in addition to the supply/demand issues of the aquarium trade, it seems that this scheme would be very expensive. --- Mark Spalding wrote: > I've been following this with interest, and am a bit > surprised that we haven't heard directly from the > Marine Aquarium Council. Later this month they will > be launching a certification scheme for the marine > aquarium trade. This, I hope, will be providing > certification enabling purchasers to identify fish > which have been sustainably harvested, using > non-damaging techniques. Whether you are strongly > pro, strongly anti or on the fence this has to be a > useful step? > > To be valuable, a certification scheme has to be > well researched and monitored. In which case the > poor practises we have been hearing about in Sri > Lanka would never gain certification, but in a few > years might see their markets drying up...and might > then clean their act up. > > Surely IF this fishery could be made sustainable and > non-damaging, with all the right controls and > balances, then it is a potentially valuable industry > for the reefs themselves? Providing a good income > and foreign exchange earnings will give a value to > the reefs which may ensure their preservation. > Chasing the local people off reefs will reduce any > interest in looking after them. > > Mark > > __________________________________________ > > Mark Spalding, PhD > Senior Marine Ecologist > UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre > www.unep-wcmc.org > 219 Huntingdon Road > Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314 > Cambridge, CB3 0DL > Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136 > UK > e-mail:mark.spalding@unep-wcmc.org > or > Research Associate > Cambridge Coastal Research Unit > Department of Geography > Downing St > Cambridge > UK > > > --------------------------------------------------------------- > This E-mail and any attachments are private, > intended solely for > the use of the addressee. If you are not the > intended recipient, > they have been sent to you in error: any use of > information in > them is strictly prohibited. > > The employer reserves the right to monitor the > content of > the message and any reply received. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to > coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on > Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ===== Justin Neviackas Boston University Marine Program Research Technician 508-289-7516 "Refuse to be ordinary" -SR "Stupidity prevents the advancement of knowledge!" - Dr. Ingrid Kaatz __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Find a job, post your resume. http://careers.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 08:23:50 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA07023; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 08:23:49 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA21551; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:21:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021517; Fri, 2 Nov 01 12:21:14 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6O1U00.F5W for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:17:54 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6ODZ00.A5W; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:25:11 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA03096; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:25:10 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwjaqag; Fri, 2 Nov 01 09:25:10 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA53047 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:21:34 GMT Received: from umigw.miami.edu (umigw.miami.edu [129.171.97.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id MAA52902 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:21:11 -0500 (EST) Received: (qmail 27992 invoked by uid 7794); 2 Nov 2001 17:21:05 -0000 Received: from jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu by umigw.miami.edu with scan4virus-0.51 (sweep: 2.4/3.46. . Clean. Processed in 5.616307 secs); 02/11/2001 12:20:59 Received: from jmcmanus.rsmas.miami.edu (HELO jmcmanus) (129.171.104.91) by umigw.miami.edu with SMTP; 2 Nov 2001 17:20:58 -0000 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" Subject: aquarium concerns Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:20:06 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0032_01C16398.B500EC80" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1007 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0032_01C16398.B500EC80 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should seek to limit all sources. Cheers! John McManus "November 2001/A 2001/Vol. 5, No. 21 4) CARLTON REPORTS ON INCREASES IN U.S. INVASIVE SPECIES A new authored by 1996 Pew Fellow James Carlton, "Introduced Species in U.S. Coastal Waters", warns that the rate of non-native species invading U.S. coastal waters has risen exponentially over the past 200 years and shows no sign of leveling off. Introduced species crowd out native species, alter habitats, disrupt ecosystems, and impose economic burdens on coastal communities. Carlton's report discusses the primary sources of introductions along U.S. coasts, their affects on coastal habitat, reviews efforts to prevent, reduce and control introductions, and offers several recommendations for action. The report is the third in a series that includes documents on marine pollution and aquaculture that have been contracted by the Pew Oceans Commission. Jessica Landman, 2001 Pew Fellow and director of publications at the Pew Oceans Commission, worked with Carlton to produce the report and is currently developing additional publications on coastal development, fishing, and marine protected areas. For more information, see: ---SOURCE: Environmental News Service, October 23, 2001 To obtain a copy of the report click on: >>>Carlton, director of the Maritime Studies Program at Williams College - Mystic Seaport, used his Pew Fellowship to research a book on marine biological invasions and their past, present, and potential future impacts on altering marine ecosystems. He also pursued international multilateral agreements to better manage ballast water, a principal means of transporting these organisms. For more information, see: >>>Landman is applying her fellowship to tackle two Florida pulp mills that have applied for permits to build wastewater pipelines into Florida's fragile coastal waters and discharge large quantities of toxic effluent. Working with NRDC and allied stakeholders, she will use state and federal legal procedures to advocate for stringent pollution limits under the Clean Water Act that would greatly strengthen the proposed permits. For more information, see: " ------=_NextPart_000_0032_01C16398.B500EC80 Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat" eJ8+IgYRAQaQCAAEAAAAAAABAAEAAQeQBgAIAAAA5AQAAAAAAADoAAEIgAcAGAAAAElQTS5NaWNy b3NvZnQgTWFpbC5Ob3RlADEIAQ2ABAACAAAAAgACAAEGgAMADgAAANEHCwACAAwAEwAAAAUACQEB A5AGAIgLAAAiAAAACwACAAEAAAALACMAAAAAAAMAJgAAAAAACwApAAAAAAADADYAAAAAAB4AcAAB AAAAEgAAAGFxdWFyaXVtIGNvbmNlcm5zAAAAAgFxAAEAAAAWAAAAAcFjwpKLEmsd7c95EdWdPZ+A gAelHQAAAgEdDAEAAAAeAAAAU01UUDpKTUNNQU5VU0BSU01BUy5NSUFNSS5FRFUAAAALAAEOAAAA AEAABg4AmiR2wmPBAQIBCg4BAAAAGAAAAAAAAAASmS1v44jUEZ07AAA5l3cZwoAAAAsAHw4BAAAA AgEJEAEAAACoBwAApAcAAB4MAABMWkZ1iUY4mAMACgByY3BnMTI1FjIA+Atgbg4QMDMzTwH3AqQE ZAIAY2gKwHPwZXQwIAhVB7ICgwBQrwPUENkHEwKAfQqBdgiQpHdrC4BkNAxgYwBQDwsDC7YKsQqA U3BlYUEUoWcgb2YgC4B2QmEAkHZlIHMWcGPhCJBzLCBoBJAXkAQA4iADkWV4YwSQBTEW8aJ0BHBh eScEIG4H0I8EIANSCuMKgFBGUAZRhmEWYAORfn4gVBhAMCBiaS0EYAIwaGxqeRjgbAWQdANgAwBj /xoTHRACQBHRGXIcIRrFB9FuRh0ACQAaQVADYAnAYf8aoAuABdAKwAuAF5AIUACAUwSQF0B0aQIg Lgewb/8eIB6BIYAeghhhCsAXkAOB/RzgdxnQBCAiABhBIjIDoCMcsANgdWdoGLBxdX0gsWEiNBe1 IuMLgB1BZLcVAAmAIdBJHoELgGsjcOUXkWgIYGxkF6AJ4Cew6RmgIGwHcGkFQAdAAyBmcwhhGRBz LhYEFgRDExhABJBzISoaSm9o5SCBYyCgbnUS8CopKho+IiHwF4AG0BHRAdAwMWwvQRYELuNWBvAh 0DU3GCAh8CHQMhUjLQw0KYERcEFSTFRPTgfwYEVQT1JUBfAycUnETkMyoEFTRQXwM1CQIFUuUycx TlYzoAhJVkUGAFBFQ0lrM8AWBCA10EEaEhiwdR8csAWwCYAcQBzgMTk5ZjYf4B9HIEogQAeRQ5UK wGwZoG4YICJJJqf/BgAl5QuBFhM0IwhQF1ABkO0DIFchgCsBIhggI4AEoLsEICJGICAwIhEW8W4C INwtbiGBF4gXE2QWsTp5/wWgO0QjgDvCGDAXUD0QBAD7CfAY4XACIAnwIZApURzgPy5hJBIXkAqw O1Au0iB5/xaAQMEAcAsxFiIoARpBPaD5F6BpZwOgFvEdEBeAKPD9FsNmJzE5OCXWBQAfsChQ9whg BUA97CwWBAdAHiIRABscUAGQdBgRPxBzcnXbBTEFkXMjoB4gbRgRQ/H9FxBtQbARMEsCPaApEB2Q /mIIcAEABjECID/2FgQFoPhtbXUDACGQKeE4dhnx7wlwQbAAIEqCYyygETA8cvdC4QUQAMByHOAp lRbhFgT/JpYhkhihCQAWwT+4GBEekfppBcBhASAdIU16SeYYIP8JcBRiLLUBEQkRPHEo0FFQ/0Wh AjBW4ibiS8NMkR1BAyD/UttLtEYhQLIRMEKBThYJcP9OkgnwGcBTVFfxGLBTQyHQ/zV3HBJQBRiR HpIncQsgIGLfJWAhQSYSIkMLgGMKQAEA+QQgZG9QoF0BVZRRgSDR/xYEQbAfkDZwIaFLwyUCUKD/ OLAIcCIlEQAXgS6gQWFZw+9d8TbEHpIfMk8ZEABxKnV3TqEEASGjSgeQDdElYEz/Q/EDgRggLuI3 akvSPxBcsfMZoB5DcHUCYGlhU1NJNb88xGdoEXFohjwRBbBrNsH/A/AcsDh2WEQm0zzUUBRD9/sY kVCgcglwAjAc0QEARbH8b3AWsj8APxAhkjtxbDpvVbpzNWJiSSVmBAAngWf/S7Ri9HCSHiBmoyLx F1Ah0P5GBbEEYCZjV/EAwCGSGCAlKHE6NXc8aAJAcDrcLy9NUT3QGjEuTpF8IpovYjB0LuMu4kwt D0CALTIzLTA3LnvAKG1sPhYELX9gU0+AVVJDRTogRRcw/1UQAiBiYjtxB8EGQxRgGRBvGCBnoBmg LqMzahQWBFTfKNCCAAGQYIMFoHBCUR50P1AFYbAN4CewAiB7Hy93XYbALhZwbzBnsy4FsGduL1AE fSAmmF8XtYbwZPZmfvUWBD6KkDiHa3oekv8goiGQB4AGAGUAPxAHkR/2fSJhVwMQKPAgQG5SH5Bl 6mcXkC0WBE1LUR2BG2H/UCIYICygNsEngB/RH0gngP5wKLIJcBEwCsAQ8GChBuDeb4ViYuscUAjx Z2lhWiL/F0JTc0vhVORDAhggWIFBUf9W0UvSQbAeIEHzGmA2cGUS/0wRXfEstWQiSaIWsngFSxj1 IdBIItFsKZBsIREgClD/YGIeIT3idENOwDiwAxA7sv1OFmEJwmJkKMEuoB4TA4H/niAcMSlRQxJA g0uxUUJhoP8FIJzSbiNSVmZxAIBQIhay/x6RTFGHoQBwBACa4nmPep8fhj5i9IeTHzEfdS9wZn5f OIU4I36qijdppRiDcP0LUHkWsiPyVWCRigGQhVDfHRAZkG8wH2AJAWkZwGwh/myR8CkQH5A8dBYE ZaOrwn8IkChQXbIWcKUgKSCetHX/AxBvgTtBB9A7skLwBSBFwv86IyjBriUZ8HbVIDCUgK2x/0AN azQE8BEBjvELYLayJRH3QfFPAhlkeB2BAREKQQIwHSoFV29BFrJvo05SRP5DZESOMUbyAZBvYCgQ KED/KwGlkRwhA/ApYZCRu0IiEf9L0lVgBIFOFo7RdGIDYCcB92URWDM/AHZiMD0yXbI7UP+ZokHh l0Fj1ijzBCBO0ASBvR6DQx0QAHC5JbJzQR0w/yI0bzAoMgnBIYAc0cCBCfD+Zx6RJGJ4U0wylzGx FKQ4f1J2pQ+mH6cvqDsPAWnSar1+pCIqGBVxMMUUIQDO0AsAAIAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAA AAOFAAAAAAAAAwACgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAEIUAAAAAAAADAAeACCAGAAAAAADAAAAA AAAARgAAAABShQAA+W8BAB4ACYAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAFSFAAABAAAABAAAADkuMAAL AA2ACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAACChQAAAQAAAAsAEYAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAAaF AAAAAAAAAwASgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAAYUAAAAAAAALABuACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAA RgAAAAAOhQAAAAAAAAMAHIAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAABGFAAAAAAAAAwAegAggBgAAAAAA wAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAGIUAAAAAAAACAfgPAQAAABAAAAASmS1v44jUEZ07AAA5l3cZAgH6DwEAAAAQ AAAAEpktb+OI1BGdOwAAOZd3GQIB+w8BAAAAggAAAAAAAAA4obsQBeUQGqG7CAArKlbCAABQU1RQ UlguRExMAAAAAAAAAABOSVRB+b+4AQCqADfZbgAAAEM6XFdJTkRPV1NcTG9jYWwgU2V0dGluZ3Nc QXBwbGljYXRpb24gRGF0YVxNaWNyb3NvZnRcT3V0bG9va1xtYWlsYm94LnBzdAAAAAMA/g8FAAAA AwANNP03AAACAX8AAQAAADgAAAA8TkVCQkpORExCQ0pKQkVQSUpFSkJPRUtQQ1BBQS5qbWNtYW51 c0Byc21hcy5taWFtaS5lZHU+AAMABhDIERI/AwAHELUIAAADABAQAAAAAAMAERAAAAAAHgAIEAEA AABlAAAAU1BFQUtJTkdPRklOVkFTSVZFU1BFQ0lFUyxIRVJFSVNBTkVYQ0VSUFRPRlRPREFZU05F V1NGUk9NUEZQU0VBU1BBTlRIRUJJLU1PTlRITFlFTEVDVFJPTklDTkVXU0xFVFRFUgAAAABmTA== ------=_NextPart_000_0032_01C16398.B500EC80-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 09:15:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA07703; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:15:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA22549; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:12:47 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022537; Fri, 2 Nov 01 13:12:23 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6QF300.37A for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:09:03 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6QR900.7FM; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:16:21 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA10603; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:16:20 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAFNaqTu; Fri, 2 Nov 01 10:16:20 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA53089 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:08:00 GMT Message-Id: <200111021808.SAA53089@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:11:47 -0800 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Roy Caldwell <4roy@socrates.berkeley.edu> Subject: Stomatopod kill Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1008 With respect to the recent report of mass mortality of stomatopods in the Seychelles, I can offer the following guesses. First, I suspect that from the numbers, size and color information, this is (these are) gonodactylids, probably Gonodactylus smithii, G. viridis or G. chiragra or some combination of green, low intertidal stomatopods. I have seen three mass mortalities of stomatopods during my field work, one in Panama, one in Australia, and one in Guam. There was also the report of a fresh water event in Kaneohe Bay by Kinzie. In all three cases that I witnessed, there was an extreme low tide during the day (we are just past a full moon) coupled with heavy rain and then bright, hot sun. This can cause a lens of very hot, oxygen poor, fresh water to develop on the exposed reef. Stomatopods are tough, but when it gets hot, they often will leave their cavities and try to dig in under rocks, coral heads, etc. to reach cooler, more saline conditions. If the tide is still out and there is enough hot fresh water on an exposed reef, this is fatal. One slight variation on this theme that I one saw on a mudflat in Thailand was rain and bright sun at low tide. As the tide came in, the hot, fresh water being pushed ahead was very hot - 44 C. Many of the burrowing squillids and lysiosquillids vacated their burrows when the hot water hit and most perished. It is hard to tell from this report how wide spread the phenomenon was. If it occurred over a wide area, then my scenario is unlikely. If it were on just a few adjacent islands, it is more likely. I suppose a red tide or other biological explanation is possible, although I haven't ever heard of this effecting stomatopods on a massive scale. I would be happy to help identify the species, etc. if more information can be provided. Too bad there isn't an emergency fund to fly stomatopod biologists to such hotspots. Roy -- *************************************** Roy L. Caldwell Professor of Integrative Biology Department of Integrative Biology University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-3140 USA Phone (office): (510) 642-1391 Phone (lab): (510) 643-5448 Fax: (510) 643-6264 Email: 4roy@socrates.berkeley.edu http://ib.berkeley.edu/faculty/Caldwell,RL.html *************************************** --============_-1207401387==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Stomatopod kill

With respect to the recent report of mass mortality of stomatopods in the Seychelles, I can offer the following guesses.

First, I suspect that from the numbers, size and color information, this is (these are) gonodactylids, probably Gonodactylus smithii, G. viridis or G. chiragra or some combination of green, low intertidal stomatopods. I have seen three mass mortalities of stomatopods during my field work, one in Panama, one in Australia, and one in Guam. There was also the report of a fresh water event in Kaneohe Bay by Kinzie. In all three cases that I witnessed, there was an extreme low tide during the day (we are just past a full moon) coupled with heavy rain and then bright, hot sun. This can cause a lens of very hot, oxygen poor, fresh water to develop on the exposed reef. Stomatopods are tough, but when it gets hot, they often will leave their cavities and try to dig in under rocks, coral heads, etc. to reach cooler, more saline conditions. If the tide is still out and there is enough hot fresh water on an exposed reef, this is fatal. One slight variation on this theme that I one saw on a mudflat in Thailand was rain and bright sun at low tide. As the tide came in, the hot, fresh water being pushed ahead was very hot - 44 C. Many of the burrowing squillids and lysiosquillids vacated their burrows when the hot water hit and most perished.

It is hard to tell from this report how wide spread the phenomenon was. If it occurred over a wide area, then my scenario is unlikely. If it were on just a few adjacent islands, it is more likely. I suppose a red tide or other biological explanation is possible, although I haven't ever heard of this effecting stomatopods on a massive scale.

I would be happy to help identify the species, etc. if more information can be provided. Too bad there isn't an emergency fund to fly stomatopod biologists to such hotspots.

Roy

--

***************************************
Roy L. Caldwell
Professor of Integrative Biology
Department of Integrative Biology
University of California at Berkeley
Berkeley, CA 94720-3140
USA

Phone (office): (510) 642-1391
Phone (lab):      (510) 643-5448
Fax:       (510) 643-6264
Email:     4roy@socrates.berkeley.edu
http://ib.berkeley.edu/faculty/Caldwell,RL.html
***************************************

--============_-1207401387==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 09:24:27 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA07989; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:24:26 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA23138; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:22:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023122; Fri, 2 Nov 01 13:21:59 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6QV400.57L for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:18:40 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6R7D00.IFH; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:26:01 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA24321; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:26:00 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAADraWDV; Fri, 2 Nov 01 13:26:00 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA53136 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:22:01 GMT Received: from exchange.rgs.org (rgs.org [212.219.1.5] (may be forged)) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA46661 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:21:50 -0500 (EST) Received: by exchange.rgs.org with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) id <45GCDXNH>; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:16:20 -0000 Message-ID: <13B54AA466BAD511B54D00A0C9955D8201039D@exchange.rgs.org> From: Juliet Burnett To: "'Coral List'" Subject: Shoals Programme Conference Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:16:09 -0000 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2653.19) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id NAA53212 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id SAA53136 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1009 > UNLOCKING THE MYSTERY OF THE MASCARENE PLATEAU > A 2,000 km long submerged landmass in the western Indian Ocean > Shoals of Capricorn Programme One Day Conference and Evening Reception=20 > in the presence of HRH Prince Michael of Kent KCVO > Wednesday 28 November 2001, RGS-IBG, London >=20 > Over the last three years more than 200 international marine scientists > have been carrying out research in this little known region of the west= ern > Indian Ocean, using satellite images, research vessels, oceanographic > instruments, SCUBA and marine biological survey techniques. This > conference will report on the Programme's key findings with particular > emphasis on the recent Rodrigues Biodiversity Workshop, Seychelles cora= l > bleaching studies and the Darwin Initiative planktonic research. > Achievements in the fields of training and education will also be > illustrated. All are welcome to attend. > Cost =A360 for the conference including lunch, evening reception and fi= eld > report. > [Concessions available] > Please fill in application form available from http://www.rgs.org/shoal= s > and return to Shoals Programme, 1 Kensington Gore, London SW7 2AR =20 >=20 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 10:41:13 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA09794; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:41:13 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA25168; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:38:50 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025160; Fri, 2 Nov 01 14:38:46 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6UEZ00.R61 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:35:23 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6UR800.1N4; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:42:44 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA08778; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:42:44 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_faier; Fri, 2 Nov 01 14:42:43 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA53393 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 19:38:16 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA53221 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:37:57 -0500 (EST) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA25079; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:33:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025054; Fri, 2 Nov 01 14:33:14 -0500 Received: from blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA09693; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 10:35:37 -0500 Received: from localhost (hendee@localhost) by blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) with ESMTP id OAA08719 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:33:26 -0500 (EST) X-Authentication-Warning: blimpie.aoml.noaa.gov: hendee owned process doing -bs Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:33:26 -0500 (EST) From: Jim Hendee X-Sender: hendee@blimpie To: Coral-List Subject: Michelle Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1010 Greetings, Hurricane Michelle is heading this direction, so we may have to power-down the CHAMP server (hence, coral-list) this weekend if it looks like its strength will increase appreciably. So, if your message doesn't go through, you'll know why. Cheers, Jim ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 12:11:56 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA11393; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:11:55 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA27250; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:09:32 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027195; Fri, 2 Nov 01 16:08:45 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6YL000.C7H for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:05:24 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6YX500.IH6; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:12:41 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA06597; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:12:41 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAADRaa1m; Fri, 2 Nov 01 13:12:40 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA53642 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 21:08:45 GMT Message-Id: <200111022108.VAA53642@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 09:11:47 -0800 To: From: "Roy Caldwell" <4roy@socrates.berkeley.edu> Subject: Stomatopod kill Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1011 With respect to the recent report of mass mortality of stomatopods in the Seychelles, I can offer the following guesses. First, I suspect that from the numbers, size and color information, this is (these are) gonodactylids, probably Gonodactylus smithii, G. viridis or G. chiragra or some combination of green, low intertidal stomatopods. I have seen three mass mortalities of stomatopods during my field work, one in Panama, one in Australia, and one in Guam. There was also the report of a fresh water event in Kaneohe Bay by Kinzie. In all three cases that I witnessed, there was an extreme low tide during the day (we are just past a full moon) coupled with heavy rain and then bright, hot sun. This can cause a lens of very hot, oxygen poor, fresh water to develop on the exposed reef. Stomatopods are tough, but when it gets hot, they often will leave their cavities and try to dig in under rocks, coral heads, etc. to reach cooler, more saline conditions. If the tide is still out and there is enough hot fresh water on an exposed reef, this is fatal. One slight variation on this theme that I one saw on a mudflat in Thailand was rain and bright sun at low tide. As the tide came in, the hot, fresh water being pushed ahead was very hot - 44 C. Many of the burrowing squillids and lysiosquillids vacated their burrows when the hot water hit and most perished. It is hard to tell from this report how wide spread the phenomenon was. If it occurred over a wide area, then my scenario is unlikely. If it were on just a few adjacent islands, it is more likely. I suppose a red tide or other biological explanation is possible, although I haven't ever heard of this effecting stomatopods on a massive scale. I would be happy to help identify the species, etc. if more information can be provided. Too bad there isn't an emergency fund to fly stomatopod biologists to such hotspots. Roy -- *************************************** Roy L. Caldwell Professor of Integrative Biology Department of Integrative Biology University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-3140 USA Phone (office): (510) 642-1391 Phone (lab): (510) 643-5448 Fax: (510) 643-6264 Email: 4roy@socrates.berkeley.edu http://ib.berkeley.edu/faculty/Caldwell,RL.html *************************************** --============_-1207401387==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Stomatopod kill

With respect to the recent report of mass mortality of stomatopods in the Seychelles, I can offer the following guesses.

I would be happy to help identify the species, etc. if more information can be provided. Too bad there isn't an emergency fund to fly stomatopod biologists to such hotspots.

Roy

--

--============_-1207401387==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 12:36:04 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA11880; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:36:04 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA27647; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:33:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027642; Fri, 2 Nov 01 16:32:51 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6ZP700.58A for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:29:31 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM701C00.GAB; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:36:48 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA09727; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:36:48 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAa_aq_s; Fri, 2 Nov 01 13:36:47 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA53609 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 21:33:36 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (oe26.law7.hotmail.com [216.33.236.246]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA52783 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:33:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:32:36 -0800 X-Originating-IP: [24.4.221.28] From: "Brian Todd" To: References: <200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk> <5.1.0.14.2.20011101121201.00aa59f0@pop.uncwil.edu> Subject: Re: divers and fish Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:32:16 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_002B_01C163BB.EEF43320" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 02 Nov 2001 21:32:36.0676 (UTC) FILETIME=[E3FD1840:01C163E5] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1012 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_002B_01C163BB.EEF43320 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I have remained a quiet observer for sometime on the list, but I feel = that there is another facet to the issue that is often overlooked. Economics and the "almighty dollar" may contribute to the problem, but I = think this is due heavily to the nature of the coral and fish = collecting. It is an almost perfect illustration of Garret Hardin's = "Tragedy of the Commons" first described in 1968 with pastures. Because the users (ie, collectors) have no system of ownership on these = reefs, they do not incur the immediate costs of their actions. This = creates the "scramble for resources" and leads to ruin and exploitation = of the reef systems they visit. The social cost of each harvester's = combined actions is MUCH higher than each individual's cost and this = must be modified in order to prevent and discourage such exploitive = practices. Regulations in many of these countries attempt to correct this by = instituting catch limits and user fees, but they are frequently de facto = "open-access" resources. And if we consider the scenario whereby we completely remove the = influence of economics from the organism collecting (ie, ceasing trade, = tougher laws, moratoria, etc), we could effectively elliminate ANY = concern for the surrounding reefs by those very users. The statement = "If we don't buy, they can't sell, and then there is no use to the = collecting and it will eventually stop" is very well true. But this = removes any economic value from the resource, and can potentially = decrease concern for the very habitats we wish to protect. By allowing = them to derive monetary gain from the collection, we can scrutinize the = relationship and find a better way to use this interest to benefit = conservation efforts. Most people do not want to lose a significant = source of income, and if they realize they are rapidly accomplishing = this by eliminating and ruining reefs, then perhaps they will act = differently. My two cents. Cheers, Brian Todd ------=_NextPart_000_002B_01C163BB.EEF43320 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I have remained a quiet observer for = sometime on=20 the list, but I feel that there is another facet to the issue that is = often=20 overlooked.

Economics and the "almighty dollar" may = contribute=20 to the problem, but I think this is due heavily to the nature of the = coral and=20 fish collecting. It is an almost perfect illustration of Garret = Hardin's=20 "Tragedy of the Commons" first described in 1968 with = pastures.

Because the users (ie, collectors) have = no system=20 of ownership on these reefs, they do not incur the immediate costs of = their=20 actions. This creates the "scramble for resources" and leads to = ruin and=20 exploitation of the reef systems they visit. The social cost of = each=20 harvester's combined actions is MUCH higher than each individual's cost = and this=20 must be modified in order to prevent and discourage such exploitive=20 practices.

Regulations in many of these countries = attempt to=20 correct this by instituting catch limits and user fees, but they are = frequently=20 de facto "open-access" resources.

And if we consider the scenario whereby = we=20 completely remove the influence of economics from the organism = collecting (ie,=20 ceasing trade, tougher laws, moratoria, etc), we could effectively = elliminate=20 ANY concern for the surrounding reefs by those very users. The=20 statement "If we don't = buy, they can't=20 sell, and then there is no use to the collecting and it will eventually = stop" is=20 very well true. But this removes any economic value from the = resource, and=20 can potentially decrease concern for the very habitats we wish to = protect. =20 By allowing them to derive monetary gain from the collection, we can = scrutinize=20 the relationship and find a better way to use this interest to benefit=20 conservation efforts. Most people do not want to lose a = significant source=20 of income, and if they realize they are rapidly accomplishing this by=20 eliminating and ruining reefs, then perhaps they will act=20 differently.

My two cents.

Cheers,

Brian Todd

------=_NextPart_000_002B_01C163BB.EEF43320-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 12:39:04 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA11895; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 12:39:04 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA27664; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:36:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027657; Fri, 2 Nov 01 16:36:30 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM6ZVB00.C7L for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:33:11 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM707K00.UNU; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:40:32 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA02787; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:40:31 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAELaaCf; Fri, 2 Nov 01 16:40:31 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA53681 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 21:37:33 GMT Received: from simail1.si.edu (simail1.si.edu [160.111.103.92]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA53618 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 16:37:19 -0500 (EST) Received: from Gate-Message_Server by simail1.si.edu with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 02 Nov 2001 16:39:38 -0500 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.5.1 Date: Fri, 02 Nov 2001 16:39:26 -0500 From: "Harilaos Lessios" To: Subject: Fellowships Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA53714 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1013 The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), a division of the Smithsonian Institution headquartered in the Republic of Panama, offers fellowships for research based at its facilities. Disciplines include ecology, anthropology, paleontology, evolution, systematics, behavior and physiology of tropical plants and animals. * Earl S. Tupper 3-year postdoctoral fellowship (deadline: Jan15). Applications should include detailed research proposal with budget, curriculum vitae, 2 letters of reference, names and telephone numbers of 3 additional references and reprints of most important papers. Applicants should consult with STRI scientists who will serve as advisor before submitting final application. Annual stipend up to $30,000 with yearly travel and research allotments. Proposals that include comparative research in other tropical countries will be considered. Send inquiries and application to STRI. * Predoctoral, postdoctoral, senior postdoctoral (up to 1 year) and 10-week fellowships are available through the Smithsonian's Office of Fellowships & Grants, Washington, DC. (deadline: Jan15). For information: OFG, 750 9th Street NW, Suite 9300, Washington DC 20560-0902, siofg@ofg.si.edu, www.si.edu/research+study. * Three-month fellowships (deadline: Feb15, May15, Aug15 and Nov15) thru STRI. For information: STRI/Office of Education, Unit 0948, APO AA 34002-0948, from the US or Apartado 2072, Balboa, Panama from Latin America, fellows@tivoli.si.edu or www.stri.org Awards are based upon merit, without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age or condition of handicap of the applicant. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 13:54:20 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12935; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:54:20 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA28746; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:51:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028742; Fri, 2 Nov 01 17:51:55 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM73CZ00.774 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:48:35 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM73P800.2QL; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:55:56 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA14920; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:55:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAKiaGiD; Fri, 2 Nov 01 17:55:55 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA53893 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 22:52:40 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA53872 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:52:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from MyHost (empE-port22.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.77]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id RAA01598; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:51:38 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <00e901c163f0$9f49cf80$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: , "Osha Gray Davidson" References: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101111739.01a2c7f0@mail.oshadavidson.com> Subject: Re: Disease obs. Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:44:31 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1014 I would agree with Osha, disease seems to be absent from the discussion to date. What is more, the distribution and impact of disease vary markedly. I began my reef work in the Caribbean (in the Late Holocene), but for the past 15 or so years, most of my time was spent in the Indo-Pacific. When I recently returned to Caribbean reef work, I was astounded and depressed by the impact disease has had there. I was one of the reviewers for the Smith, Harvel and Kim paper (Hi, Kiho-I was the one who didn't know much about diseases). I don't recall exact figures, but these authors compared soft corals in an "impacted" area and a "relatively unimpacted" area. Their infection rates in the UNIMPACTED area were something like 50%! My impression is that this is a recent, Caribbean, phenomenon. If this is in fact correct, and not due to the Observer Effect or my ignorance, then the reasons bear investigation. This situation cannot be due to: 1. "global change." By definition, global change effects the globe. Any change in the oceans (pH, temp, etc) post-dates the rise of disease as a major factor. 2. population density/sewage input. Show me Miami, I will show you Jakarta. There may very well be qualitative changes in what is entering the oceans, but SE Asia has supported dense human populations longer than the Caribbean. 3. overfishing/grazing. See 2. Although there have been several volumes produced to date comparing Caribbean and Indo-Pacific reefs, these have been dominated primarily by biologists-and we need more interdisciplinarity in reef work. I think we need to look more closely at the history of reefs in both provinces, in particular the ages of the coral fauna and the inputs to which they may be expected to have been acclimated. There are fundamental differences in sea level history, terrestrial inputs and coral evolutionary history, and some of these may affect resistance to disease. And here I have to say that African Dust may well be a factor. (I would like African Dust a whole lot better if I didn't think most of you already harbour Aspergillus in the backs of your fridges-I'm not really sure we need Africa as an infection source.) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 13:55:22 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12950; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 13:55:21 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA28766; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:52:59 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma028750; Fri, 2 Nov 01 17:52:30 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM73DY00.P7T for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:49:10 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM73Q300.CIK; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:56:27 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA20724; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:56:27 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAR0aWDO; Fri, 2 Nov 01 14:56:26 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA54072 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 22:53:50 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA53498 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:53:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from MyHost (empE-port22.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.77]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id RAA01615; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:51:42 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <00ea01c163f0$a0ebe6c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: , "Prasanna Weerakkody" References: <200111020328.fA23Suu25340@laknet.slt.lk> Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 17:47:38 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1015 I would like to support Prasanna's viewpoint here. It is excessively naive for those in the aquarium trade to claim that their industry: -has little impact (when done properly) -somehow converts citizens into reef advocates. It is precisely these arguments that have been used to support "selective" harvesting of tropical hardwoods. The present aquarium live trade, in both fish and inverts, is not sustainable. We recently, and much too soon, lost one of the giants in this field, Don McAllister. About 20 years ago, Don was involved in the Netsman Project, in the Philippines. (This is a long story, one that others know far better than I, but involves the "discovery" that potassium cyanide, used in open-pile leaching of gold ore, would also stun and kill fish.) In the Netsman Project, Don and co-workers tried to wean villagers off cyanide-fishing for ornamentals by teaching them how to snorkel, and how to use nets to select specific fish. The hand-net method proved as effective as large-scale use of cyanide, because post-harvest mortality drops from 80% to close to zero. In the end, however, the Netsman Project had only limited impact. The entire aquarium distribution system was vertically integrated: the same thugs that sold the cyanide also bought the fish. Threats were uttered, thugs visited Netsman villages, yadda yadda. But the findings remain valid-use of handnets (NOT Moxy nets) by trained locals is more effective than use of cyanide. Passing laws will not work. These people have to live, and they will feed their families by the best means available. There are some steps that may help. In the COREMAP reports that I and others prepared for Indonesia (hmmm. 6 years ago?), we outline a certification program, based on similar programs for lumber export. Legally, then, only certified fish may be exported. (Yes, I know all about corrupt governments and bribes-but you have to start somewhere.) Those same reports outline possible synergy in reef management schemes. We all know how high is the mortality rate in reef fish: let's say 99.99%. If we could devise methods that would convert that to 99.98%, and export 0.01%, would that not be a win-win situation? All over the tropics, artificial reefs are being emplaced to enhance reef recovery. (I note with frustration that these efforts are never coordinated with programs to reduce land-based sources of pollution-but that's another story.) We seem, thankfully, to be moving away from sinking warships and old cars and pedicabs and other urban jetsam, and moving to the use of precast concrete. You can mould just about any texture you want into that concrete, and we know that the larvae of many reef fish are selectively thigmotactic. Here is a wonderful field of applied research for the larval fish crowd-how to enhance settlement of economically valuable reef fish, so that local villagers may sustainably harvest them. Again, this is outlined in the COREMAP reports, along with some economic guesstimates. Inverts may be harder, because often less is known of their biology and MSY. On the other hand, our Indonesia project set up a handy little money-spinner for a couple of coastal villages: they sell "live rock", for which there is a market. "Live rock" is pieces of rock with cute inverts on them-serpulids, zoanthids, anemones. As we are all aware, of course, to convert dead rock into live rock, chuck some rubble into the right area and wait a year. Profit margins are not as high, but there is not a whole lot of work involved. The highest incremental rate of return on investment of all the reef "interventions" we gamed was coral farming. NOT by breaking nubbins off live colonies (this practice should be avoided-it's the slipperiest of slippery slopes) but by using settling plates, made of unglazed tile, with your logo here ("Mike's Green Corals"). These are then inspected monthly (coral spawning in the core tropics is usually monthly), undesirable species paint-scrapered off. Very low impact, HUGE profits possible. Colonies are also available for local rehab work. Lots of local jobs. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 14:39:38 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA13383; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:39:37 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA29452; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:37:16 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029435; Fri, 2 Nov 01 18:36:51 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM75FV00.J7U for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:33:31 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM75S500.9QL; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:40:53 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA19006; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:40:52 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1Aa4gL; Fri, 2 Nov 01 18:40:51 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA54293 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 23:37:25 GMT Received: from mail1.panix.com (mail1.panix.com [166.84.0.212]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA53954 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:37:12 -0500 (EST) Received: from panix3.panix.com (panix3.panix.com [166.84.1.3]) by mail1.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5A29548748 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:36:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by panix3.panix.com (8.11.3nb1/8.8.8/PanixN1.0) with ESMTP id fA2Naw522279 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:36:58 -0500 (EST) X-Authentication-Warning: panix3.panix.com: cbingman owned process doing -bs Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 18:36:58 -0500 (EST) From: Craig Bingman To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish In-Reply-To: <00ea01c163f0$a0ebe6c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1016 On Fri, 2 Nov 2001, Mike Risk wrote: > I would like to support Prasanna's viewpoint here. It is excessively naive > for those in the aquarium trade to claim that their industry: > -has little impact (when done properly) > -somehow converts citizens into reef advocates. > It is precisely these arguments that have been used to support "selective" > harvesting of tropical hardwoods. The present aquarium live trade, in both > fish and inverts, is not sustainable. There is a big difference between maintaining a live aquarium fish or invertebrate in one's home and having a dead piece of wood in the form of furnature in one's home. The analogy you have made is better with the harvest coral skeletons, seahorses and other marine life for the manufacture of dead curios, ornaments and medicinal purposes. If you want to keep them alive, and everyone who buys a live fish has some interest in maintaining it in live condition, then you need to learn some biology and chemistry. If you want to keep a reef aquarium, you are absolutely forced to confront many of the same problems that confront corals in the wild (eutrophication, disease, calcium carbonate saturation state, importance of herbivores, etc.) You are required to learn absolutely nothing about hardwood conservation issues and issues confronting the survivial of tropical hardwoods by having a piece of dead furnature in your home. Certainly, some exceptional individuals *might* be inspired to learn something about tropical hardwood conservation when they buy a piece of hardwood furnature. One absolutely *must* learn about issues relevant to the fate of reefs when one seeks to maintain a successful reef aquarium. It is not optional. Craig ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 15:50:35 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA13864; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 15:50:34 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA01468; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 19:48:11 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma001464; Fri, 2 Nov 01 19:47:37 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM78PT00.S70 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 19:44:17 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM792300.IS5; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 19:51:39 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA24396; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 19:51:38 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAACgaqPV; Fri, 2 Nov 01 19:51:38 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA54439 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 00:48:29 GMT Received: from maggie.pixi.com (mail.pixi.com [206.127.224.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA54307 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 19:48:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from computer (dialup-84-70-84.pixi.com [209.84.70.84]) by maggie.pixi.com (8.11.6/8.11.6) with SMTP id fA30X3613787 for ; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 14:33:03 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <200111030033.fA30X3613787@maggie.pixi.com> X-Sender: pholthus@mail.pixi.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1 Date: Fri, 02 Nov 2001 14:07:13 -1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Paul Holthus Subject: Environmentally sounds aquarium trade Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1017 Dear Coral List,

Regarding the discussion about the effect of aquarium fish and coral collection on coral reefs, you may be interested to learn about the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) - an international organization that brings together stakeholders concerned about the future of reefs and the marine aquarium trade.

Marine aquarium industry participants, environment NGOs, government agencies, public aquariums and other stakeholders are working together through MAC to develop international standards, certification and labeling for sustainability in the collection, culture and commerce in marine aquarium organisms.

The collection and export of marine aquarium organisms can be based on quality and sustainability and achieve a balance between reef health, aquarium animal collection, and the local and national economic benefits. This is proved by the many successful industry operations that use high quality, non-destructive practices, maintaining healthy reefs and providing aquarium organisms with minimal mortality.

Most aquarists would prefer to support this kind of industry. However, there is currently no system in place to identify and document quality products and sustainable practices and allow the consumer to reward these. Independent standards, certification and labeling are the most useful means to ensure that the market requires and supports quality products and sustainable practices in the marine ornamentals industry.

The demand from informed consumers for sustainable products and practices creates an incentive for industry to adopt and adhere to. Market assessments show that there is a strong demand for environmental responsibility in the marine aquarium industry and that this demand will increase rapidly when there is a comprehensive, international, independent certification system.

MAC is an international multi-stakeholder institution that brings together aquarists, the aquarium industry, conservation organizations, government agencies, and public aquariums to:
=B7       Develop standards for quality products and sustainable practices;
=B7       Establish a system to certify compliance with these standards and label the results; and
=B7       Create consumer demand and confidence for certification and labeling.

In addition, MAC is:
=B7       Raising public awareness of the role of the marine aquarium industry and hobby in conserving coral reefs and other marine ecosystems;
=B7       Assembling and disseminating accurate data relevant to the collection and care of ornamental marine life; and
=B7       Encouraging responsible husbandry by the industry and hobby through education and training.

The Council is now fully established and recognized as the lead organization for developing and coordinating efforts to ensure sustainability in the international trade of marine ornamentals. The rapidly growing MAC Network consists of more than 2700 individuals in 60 countries from industry, hobby, government and environmental organizations. Network members receive regular information via the "MAC News" bulletins every 2-3 months and via the MAC website (www.aquarium= council.org) where you can fill out a simple form to join the Network (at no cost). The broad basis for MAC support is reflected in the current membership of the MAC Board, which includes:
=B7       American Marinelife Dealers Association (AMDA)
=B7       American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA)
=B7       Foundation for Peoples of the South Pacific International (FSPI)
=B7       Indonesia Ecolabeling Institute (LEI)
=B7       IUCN - the World Conservation Union
=B7       Indonesia Coral, Shell and Ornamental Fish Association (AKKII)
=B7       International Marinelife Alliance (IMA)
=B7       Marine Aquarium Societies of North America (MASNA)
=B7       Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association (OATA)
=B7       Ornamental Fish International (OFI)
=B7       Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council (PIJAC)
=B7       Philippine Tropical Fish Exporters Association (PTFEA)
=B7       The Nature Conservancy (TNC)
=B7       World Wildlife Fund (WWF)

In addition, MAC has close partnerships with organizations such as: UNEP-WCMC, the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network/Reef Check, SewWeb, and others, and regularly participates in the ICRI Coordination and Planning Committee.

Developing the standards of practice and certification system is at the core of MAC's efforts. Following several years of work by stakeholders around the world, the working draft of the standards was produced. These are now being tested and the Certification will be launched as operational at the Marine Ornamentals Confernce in Orlando Florida in late November 2001.

By working with MAC, the responsible aquarist can support the conservation of coral reefs and ensure the long-term supply of healthy reef organisms through sustainable practices. Many environment groups are strong supporters of developing an environmentally sound industry and hobby that minimizes fish mortality, conserves reef habitat and ensures sustainable reef-based income generating possibilities in developing countries. The world's largest conservation organizations believe in this and are working through MAC to ensure the long-term future of a sustainable marine aquarium trade and hobby.

If you would like to keep in touch with these developments, I would encourage you to visit our web site: www.aquariumc= ouncil.org and submit the short form to subscribe to the MAC network.

Sincerely,

Paul Holthus
Executive Director
Marine Aquarium Council

923 Nu=92uanu Ave., Honolulu, Hawaii USA 96817
Phone: (+1 808) 550-8217    Fax: (+1 808) 550-8317
Email: info@aquariumcouncil.org
Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 2 20:58:13 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id UAA15430; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 20:58:13 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id AAA03570; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 00:55:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003566; Sat, 3 Nov 01 00:54:52 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM7MXV00.17Q for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 00:51:31 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM7NA100.2N5; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 21:58:49 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA13652; Fri, 2 Nov 2001 21:58:48 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA6QaaQA; Fri, 2 Nov 01 21:58:48 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA50686 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 05:54:20 GMT Received: from ceasefire.bitstream.net (ceasefire.bitstream.net [216.243.128.220]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id AAA54652 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 00:53:56 -0500 (EST) From: capman@augsburg.edu Received: (qmail 54252 invoked from network); 3 Nov 2001 05:53:39 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO ?216.243.158.105?) (216.243.158.105) by ceasefire with SMTP; 3 Nov 2001 05:53:39 -0000 Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: capman@mail.augsburg.edu (Unverified) Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <200111021457.OAA51755@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> References: <200111021457.OAA51755@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Fri, 2 Nov 2001 23:51:17 -0600 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: divers and fish Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1018 Daphne, I agree with all the points you make. However it is worth noting that a lot of progress has been made on the captive propagation front. As you pointed out, a large number of coral species are being captive propagated by fragmentation .... many rounds of fragmentation and growth have been done for many of these species, so these are about as captive - propagated as it gets. Some, like Pocillopora damicornis even reproduce spontaneously and sometimes impressively in aquaria via larvae and/or polyp bailout (?) (some folks I know now consider this a pest species in their tanks!). An increasing number of folks are having spawnings of other corals in their tanks, and I'd bet it is only a matter of time before true sexual reproduction in captivity becomes possible for some of these species. Even some of the large polyped stony corals (e.g. Trachyphyllia and Plerogyra) have been propagated successfully. Though growth is slow in these species compared to corals such as Acropora or Pocillopora species, and this slow growth limits the commercial viability of captive propagation efforts, the fact that this has been done successfully (and even on a small commercial scale in at least one case) is encouraging. I've also heard of captive-propagated Montastrea being offered for sale. I'd also bet that it will not be too long before some sort of tissue culture techniques are applied to corals such as Trachyphyllia (I'm no expert on tissue culture, but it seems that corals would be a natural for such approaches)....I think this has the potential of really changing things. Furthermore, one of the clownfish hosting anemones, Entacmaea quadricolor, is now reproducing regularly in captivity (which I'm sure you know), and captive-propagated specimens are becoming easier to come by. They can be purchased from some vendors, and hobbyists are regularly trading their extra anemones with each other. And as far as the clownfish go, there are now some aquarium shops whose policy is to sell ONLY captive-bred clowns. Furthermore, in the case of one shop I am thinking of, I'm not sure their prices are all that different from the shop two blocks away that sells wild-caught clownfish.) Also, an increasing number of other invertebrates are being captive propagated now. Certain of the Lysmata shrimp are now regularly available captive bred, for example. Some of the best snails for algae control in reef tanks (Trochus sp.) are available captive bred. Nudibranchs for control of pest Aiptasia anemones are available captive bred.... The list is growing. It is now possible to set up impressive and quite diverse reef aquaria using only captive propagated organisms. This is a big change from a decade or so ago. Anyway, while I have no doubt that the aquarium trade is having significant negative impact in some areas, I think there is some reason for hope that the impressive strides in captive propagation might lessen the burden on wild populations. Unfortunately, my fear is that the economic incentive to figure out captive propagation techniques for many easily collected species will only come when their availability from the wild is restricted, either by regulations on collecting, or by the decimation of wild populations. Bill >The focus of most of this discussion has been on fish. Invertebrates are >increasingly popular with marine aquarists and many do poorly in >captivity. Among these are the sea anemones that are host to clownfishes. >They may live many decades and perhaps a century or more in nature, but an >attentive, talented aquarist is lucky to keep one alive five years. >Judging from the number of requests I receive to diagnose problems with >sick anemones, few aquarists are that attentive, talented, or just plain >lucky. Collecting an animal (or buying one someone else has collected) >prevents it from contributing to future generations of anemones (like >elephants, it appears that these large animals live long and reproduce >slowly) as well as depriving current and future generations of clownfishes >of homes. > >I am all for captive propagation, and have challenged marine aquarists >never to purchase a wild-caught animal again. Clownfishes are a good >example of an easily bred, popular fish. But, as I understand, they >cannot be produced sufficiently cheaply to compete with wild-caught ones >(they are sitting ducks in nature), and aquarists are unwilling to pay the >premium necessary for such conservation. A clownfish, by the way, does >not require an anemone in captivity -- even to reproduce. The fish need >anemones in nature to provide protection from predators that are absent in >captivity. > >Captive propagation of most invertebrates is another story. A very few, >like *Tridacna*, are captive bred. That word is commonly used for corals, >but, to my knowledge, all captive propagation (the correct term) of corals >is by "fragging" -- breaking off fragments of colonies that then generate >more polyps. The assortment of corals that can be kept is impressive, but >it is far from all corals, and certainly those that are not colonial are >not being captively propagated. > >I think the grape analogy is not apt -- both European and American grapes >were crops. There has been limited success with reintroductions of wild >animals from captive populations. The California Condor is one on which >the jury is still out. Some small marsupials in Australia seem to do OK >as long as the introduced predators that caused their demise are >controlled. But for animals that are declining because their habitat is >disappearing, I have little hope -- where can they be reintroduced to? And >that is my worry about reef denizens. > > >Daphne Fautin > >On Thu, 1 Nov 2001, John Williams wrote: > >> Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 16:18:30 -0500 (EST) >> From: John Williams >> To: Prasanna Weerakkody >> Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >> Subject: Re: divers and fish >> >> >> While I havent been diving, I will take your point that it is likely that >> the reef aquarium trade is making a significant impact on the reefs. >> However, from the aquarist that I have met it is clear that they try their >> very best to provide a high quality habitat for the fish. Those who do >> usually acquire 4 or 5 fish and keep them for many years. On the other >> hand, it is likely that many people get into the hobby and do not know >> much about the requirements of keeping a fish. They may go through a >> large number of fish, probably view them as expendible like some feel >> about goldfish. Also, a number of pet stores seem to keep these fish >> because they may feel like they need to cover all their bases. I am sure >> a good number of petstores (chain stores in particular) account for a >> large percentage of the fish demise. >> >> While aquaculturing efforts have been only successful for handful of fish, >> these successful cases only came from careful efforts and alot of time. It >> is probably possible now to stop collecting clown fish altogther. It may > > be worth noting that there is alot that has been and will be learnt from >> these aquariums. You may also be suprised by the education level of many >> of those keeping reef aquariums. Finally, I would also point out that the >> reef aquarist have had tremendous success at captively propogating a large >> number of corals. This success may be very important in the future. One >> case that comes to mind is how the california vineyards rescued the french >> vineyard when their grapes came undersiege of a fungal blight. >> >> Anyway, the upshot of all of this is a proposal seeking a comprise. >> People who wish to maintain reef aqauriums need to pass a test >> demonstrating some level of understanding before being allowed to keep >> these fish. Shops selling fish would have to pass the same test or >> something more rigorous, should be periodically check to ensure high >> quality water conditions/habitat in general, and would require anyone >> wanting to purchase a fish to show some id. The health department already >> checks petstores anyway - outfitting them with a few test kits for > > NH3/Ca/pH etc wouldnt be difficult. As much as I hate to add any more >> goverment, the proposal would make people aware of what they are getting >> into, it would discourage chain stores for overstocking and creating >> lethal habitats for these fish. It would likely drive up the price of the >> fish and therefore encourage more captive breeding efforts. In all, this >> could reduce the collecting load on the reefs. >> >> Now, I imagine that I would be electronically whipped which is one reason >> I generally just listen. Regardless, I hope this proposal is taken for >> what its worth - just an idea to try to help both camps. >> >> cheers, john >> >> >> >> On Fri, 2 Nov 2001, Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: >> >> > Bill and others >> > >> > I still think that you have no clue what goes on down here. Unfortunately >> > the poor fish collectors down here have no access to computers or internet >> > (many would be barely literate at that matter)and they will never know of >> > what their paymasters (i.e. the aquarist)do or would want them >>to do either. >> > >> > The locals always used the reef fish for food; and the traditional methods >> > and levels of harvest were sustainable and non destructive. The collection >> > of ornamentals is not traditional and was began and is sustained by the >> > demand by the aquarist. So I do blame the aquarist for the fate >>of the reef >> > at the hands of the local collectors. I don't think you can come clean on >> > this; The aquarist remain the driving force of the collector, >>and in a way >> > your attitude that the aquarist and the fish collector are disconnected >> > illustrates the point - that the aquarist is not aware or care about their >> > effects on far away unseen reefs. (Out of sight - out of mind???) >> > >> > If the aquarists do care they should be willing to voluntarily adjust the >> > demand of the trade to match the changing situation on the reefs. and >> > pressurize the 'middle man' the Fish exporter to adapt responsible trade >> > regulations and in turn impose conservation minded controls (techniques, >> > awareness and practices) among their fish collector groups in the field. >> > This is the rock on which we are forced to bash our heads to bring some >> > relief to the reef fauna. Against money driven politics it is difficult to >> > bring in regulation from bottom up. so may be the aquarists >>could look at a >> > top down approach to this problem "if they care". >> > >> > I would be perhaps the happiest if the aquarists are successful >>at breeding >> > and growing fish and inverts on their tanks(no more extraction >>and perhaps a >> > few re-introductions...). But if that is not the sink hole to >>which our fish >> > go I have no clue where they do go. >> > >> > Forgive me for my stubbornness, It's just that I have to be >>afraid for every >> > little colorful fish recruiting on the reefs where I work; knowing that >> > their days on the reef are very very short. And we have to >>(though with much >> > regret)scare the fish and teach them to be wary of divers in >>order to retain > > > at least a few so that they would grow up on the reef and >hopefully breed. >> > >> > Perhaps I hope for too much. >> > >> > Best wishes >> > >> > Prasanna >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > At 11:09 PM 31-10-01 -0800, you wrote: >> > >Prasanna, >> > > Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits of the local >> > >collectors and as far as I know there are very few people that collect >> > >for their own tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral >> > >exporter in the world I believe, most collection was done by local >> > >Fijians. They then transfer the livestock to the various companies >> > >exporting it. During my stay there I also became aware of the various >> > >destructive habits of Fijians upon their own reefs. I heard of local >> > >Fijians eating sea turtles even though it was illegal since January, an >> > >article was published in the Fiji Times about how two turtles from a >> > >research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 was eaten. I also >> > >witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. I inquired >> > >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be returned to > > > >the ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size fish >> > >including specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium >> > >trade eaten for food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but >> > >eating of breeding fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish >> > >population and variety of the reef. >> > > >> > > While most reef keepers are not marine biologists by title many >> > >have become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. While >> > >I might defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look >> > >at various sites that have been created because of the hobby. >> > > >> > >Online magazine created for hobby: >> > >http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp >> > >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: >> > >http://www.orafarm.com/ >> > >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: http://www.reefs.org >> > > >> > >While you state >> > > >> > >"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on >>down here, or >> > >care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the >>reefs to build >> > >"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home." >> > > >> > >I implore you inform yourself of the current situation of reef keeping in >> > the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or defensive, but the >> > aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole for fish and inverts, >>many of the >> > animals that are now imported are now being captive grown and >>bred. I invite >> > you to join the reef keeping community as an outside observer and if you >> > still believe we don't have a clue after 6 months of active participation >> > then so be it. >> > >Bill Crockett >> > >www.reefs.org >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote: >> > > >> > >>I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore enlightened lot >> > >>than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there is one >>or two) Down >> > >>here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is re-settling hundreds of >> > >>pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to extract the fish >>from their >> > >>hiding places)supplying the aquarium industry. Post to the >>1998 bleaching >> > >>event the reefs down here have suffered tremendously with less >>than 50% of >> > >>the reefs remaining and struggling to survive. there is >>significant loss in >> > >>fish abundance and diversity. But the aquarium fish industry >>has not been so >> > >>"understanding or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same >> > >>rate. they still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and >>inverts) down to >> > >>the last one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the numbers >> > >>exported it is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no >> > >>longer viable; than because of the sensitive Reef keeper hobbyists >> > >>voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live exotics to >>give a chance >> > >>for the reefs to recover. >> > >> >> > >>I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on >>down here, or > > > >>care how much they are contributing to the destruction of the >reefs to build >> > >>"pretty little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home. May be the >> > >>recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out the >>reefs and make >> > >>the aquarists aware. >> > >> >> > >>The aquarists should know that every colourful fish that >>livens their living >> > >>room makes the reefs less and less colourful as the selective >>predation by >> > >>the trade is leaving the reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of >> > >>what such high intensity selective extraction does to the reef ecology. >> > >> >> > >>My apologies if I sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize with >> > >>aquarists when you are struggling with the long distance >>effects of their >> > >>hobbies on a daily basis. >> > >> >> > >>Prasanna >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >> >> > >>At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you wrote: >> > >> >> > >>>At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote: >> > >>> >> > >>>>Without recreational divers the academic community has NO hope of > > > >>>>spreading the word about the plight of the world's reefs. >> > >>>> >> > >>>I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has a very large % of >>"reef aware" >> > >>>individuals, perhaps more so than the diving community .. since these >> > >>>individuals have a great deal of experience with what is necessary for >> > >>>healthy corals to survive and grow and an appreciation of >>their delicacy. >> > >>>This is also a very useful group when it comes to spreading >>awareness of >> > >>>corals reefs and their inhabitants to the general public. I >>know several >> > >>>hobbyists who regularly have groups of elementary students visit their >> > >>>homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about coral reefs >>in general. >> > >>> >> > >>>Aloha! >> > >>> >> > >>> >> > >>> >> > >>> >> > >>>J. Charles Delbeek >> > >>>Aquarium Biologist >> > >>>Waikiki Aquarium >> > >>>2777 Kalakaua Ave. >> > >>>Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >> > >>>808-923-9741 >> > >>>808-923-1771 FAX >> > >>> >> > >>>~~~~~~~ >> > >>>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> > >>>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> > >>>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> > >>> >> > >>> >> > >>> >> > >> >> > >>~~~~~~~ >> > >>For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> > >>digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> > >>menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> > >> >> > >> >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > >Prasanna,
>> > >    Seems like you are blaming the aquarist for the habits >> > of the local collectors >> > >and as far as I know there are very few people that collect for their own >> > >tank. In my experience in Fiji, the largest coral >>exporter in the world >> > >I believe, most collection was done by local Fijians. >> They then transfer >> > >the livestock to the various companies exporting it. >>During my stay >> > there >> > >I also became aware of the various destructive habits of >>Fijians upon their >> > >own reefs. I heard of local Fijians eating sea turtles >>even though it was >> > >illegal since January, an article was published in the Fiji >>Times about how >> > >two turtles from a research station in Hawaii were caught and 1 >>was eaten. >> > > I also witnessed a sea turtle in a fish collection system in Suva. >> > I inquired >> > >the manager on why it was there and she replied it would be >>returned to the >> > >ocean soon. I also witnessed various large breeding size >>fish including >> > >specimens that would be considered exported by the aquarium >>trade eaten for >> > >food. Am I saying they cannot eat these fish? No, but >>eating of breeding >> > >fish will and does have an impact on the overall fish >>population and variety >> > >of the reef.
>> > >
>> > >    While most reef keepers are not marine >>biologists >> > by title many have >> > >become lay marine biologist through the love of their hobby. >> While I >> > might >> > >defend the hobby through words I would like you to take a look at various > > > >sites that have been created because of the hobby.
>> > >
>> > >Online magazine created for hobby: > > >>href="http://www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp">http://ww >> > w.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/archive/default.asp
>> > >1 of the captive breeders of tropical saltwater fish: > > class="moz-txt-link-freetext" >> > href="http://www.orafarm.com/">http://www.orafarm.com/
>> > >Largest hobbyist site on the Internet: >class="moz-txt-link-freetext" >> > href="http://www.reefs.org">http://www.reefs.org
>> > >
>> > >While you state >> > >

"I don't think the reef keepers have a clue what is going on
>>  > down here, or
care how much they are contributing to the destruction of
>>  > the reefs to build
"pretty little artificial reefs' that they 
>>can keep at
>>  > home."

I implore you inform yourself of the current situation
>>  > of reef keeping in the United States. My apologies if I sound hard or
>  > > defensive, but the aquarium industry is no longer a sink hole 
>for fish and
>>  > inverts, many of the animals that are now imported are now being
>>  > captive grown and bred. I invite you to join the reef keeping community as
>>  > an outside observer and if you still believe we don't have a clue after 6
>>  > months of active participation then so be it.
Bill Crockett
>  > class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
>>  > href="http://www.reefs.org">www.reefs.org

>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >Prasanna Weerakkody wrote:
>> > >

>cite="mid:200111010310.fA13ADu09350@laknet.slt.lk"> >> > >

I am not so sure if the aquarium enthusiasts are anymore
>>  > enlightened lot
than the average diver as ursula defined. (may be there
>>  > is one or two) Down
here in Sri Lanka one of my prime activities is
>>  > re-settling hundreds of
pieces of coral broken by fish collectors (to
>>  > extract the fish from their
hiding places)supplying the aquarium
>>  > industry.  Post to the 1998 bleaching
event the reefs down here have
>>  > suffered tremendously with less than 50% of
the reefs remaining and
>>  > struggling to survive. there is significant loss in
fish abundance and
>>  > diversity. But the aquarium fish industry has not been 
>>so
"understanding
>>  > or aware" and continue pumping reef fauna out at the same
rate. they
>>  > still comb and squeeze the reefs for fish(and inverts) down to
the last
>>  > one left. If there is even a slight reduction to the 
>>numbers
exported it
>>  > is more due to fish collectors quitting the job as it is no
longer
>>  > viable; than because of the sensitive Reef ke
>>  > >eper hobbyists
voluntarily putting a brake in their demand of live
>>  > exotics to give a chance
for the reefs to recover.

I don't think
>>  > the reef keepers have a clue what is going on down here, 
>>or
care how much
>>  > they are contributing to the destruction of the reefs to build
"pretty
>>  > little artificial reefs' that they can keep at home.  May be
>>  > the
recreational divers who visit the reefs could check out 
>>the reefs and
>>  > make
the aquarists aware.

The aquarists should know that every
>>  > colourful fish that livens their living
room makes the reefs less and
>>  > less colourful as the selective predation by
the trade is leaving the
>>  > reefs full of only the 'bland' fishes. think of
what such 
>>high intensity
>>  > selective extraction does to the reef ecology. 

My apologies if I
>>  > sound a little hard; but it is hard to sympathize 
>>with
aquarists when you
>>  > are struggling with the long distance effects of 
>>their
hobbies on a daily
>>  > basis. 

Prasanna


>  > >>








At 07:44 AM 31-10-01 -1000, you
>>  > wrote:

>> > >

At 10:32 AM 10/31/2001 +0000, you wrote:

>> > >

Without recreational divers the academic community has
>  > > NO hope of 
spreading the word about the plight of the world's
>>  > reefs.

>> > >

I believe the marine reef keeping hobby has 
>>a very large
>>  > % of "reef aware" 
individuals, perhaps more so than the 
>>diving community
>>  > .. since these 
individuals have a great deal of experience 
>>with what is
>>  > necessary for 
healthy corals to survive and grow and an 
>>appreciation of
>>  > their delicacy. 
This is also a very useful group when it comes to
>>  > spreading awareness of 
corals reefs and their inhabitants to 
>>the general
>>  > public. I know several 
hobbyists who regularly have groups 
>>of elementary
>>  > students visit their 
homes to view their reef aquaria and learn about
>>  > coral reefs in general.

Aloha!




J. Charles
>>  > Delbeek
Aquarium Biologist
Waikiki Aquarium
2777 Kalakaua
>>  > Ave.
Honolulu, HI, USA 96815
808-923-9741
808-923-1771
>>  > FAX

~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to
>  > > coral-list or the
digests, please visit >  > class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.coral.noaa.gov">www
>>  > >.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on
>>  > Coral-List Listserver.

>> > >


~~~~~~~
For directions on 
>>subscribing and
>>  > unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit >  > class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
>>  > href="http://www.coral.noaa.gov">www.coral.noaa.gov, click 
>>on Popular on
>>  > the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

>> > >

>> > >
>> > > >> > > >> > > >> > Prasanna Weerakkody >> > Nature Conservation Group >> > No.9, Balapokuna place, >> > Colombo 6. >> > Sri Lanka >> > >> > E-mail: firefish@sltnet.lk >> > Ph: 941-856041 >> > >> > ~~~~~~~ >> > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> > >> > >> >> ~~~~~~~ >> For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >> digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >> menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. >> > >Daphne G. Fautin >Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology >Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center >Haworth Hall >University of Kansas >1200 Sunnyside Avenue >Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA > >telephone 1-785-864-3062 >fax 1-785-864-5321 >for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu > >lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts > >direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released > 12 July 2001 > *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 04:22:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA17668; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 04:22:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA06726; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 08:19:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006722; Sat, 3 Nov 01 08:19:17 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM87IL00.47L for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 08:15:57 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM87UR00.CQ1; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 05:23:15 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA29166; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 05:23:15 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAr_aO94; Sat, 3 Nov 01 05:23:14 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA55207 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:17:41 GMT Received: from swan.prod.itd.earthlink.net (swan.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.120.123]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA55235 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 08:17:22 -0500 (EST) Received: from dialup-64.152.171.123.dial1.newyork1.level3.net ([64.152.171.123] helo=[63.210.211.105]) by swan.prod.itd.earthlink.net with esmtp (Exim 3.33 #1) id 1600fd-0004Fy-00; Sat, 03 Nov 2001 05:17:10 -0800 Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: In-Reply-To: References: Date: Sat, 3 Nov 2001 08:18:43 -0500 To: Craig Bingman From: "James M. Cervino" Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1207328921==_ma============" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1019 --============_-1207328921==_ma============ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Hello, The problem with Craig's suggestion is that there is a very small number of peoples who understand the basic RESPONSIBILITIES of owning a home living-room aquarium. Many peoples get into this hobby(without understanding basic chemistry) and consistently have to purchase new valuable endangered corals due to mistakes and not maintaining there aquariums. Hence the revolving door of wild caught corals continues the influx of corals into the USA. There are still to this day, stores selling dead corals for coffee tables. Has the MAC addressed this problem, and what are they trying to do to stop the imports of dead corals ? This trade can never be sustainable unless we build farms that harvest these valuable corals. Then they must train the locals to farm and fish with nets, then sell their product to those in the USA who need to have these valuable organisms in there living rooms, and for those who choose this line of work to support themselves. I am still alarmed as to what I see arriving at all the local aquarium shops in the USA. Many of them are telling me that they have long wait times for certain corals and fish due to the fisherman claiming the abundance has dwindled. From the 20 or so store owners I spoke with, they claim that the abundance is not like it was in the 80s, and this is not due to restrictions. While surfing the net I came upon a Web Site that sells corals and live-rock in Tonga. This group collect the corals and rock from selected areas, after collection they culture the specimens in huge labs/greenhouses (it seems to be temperature controlled). Has anyone seen this site and operation? It seems impressive and from what the web-site says; they train the locals to work on board with them. Is this a sustainable operation, I am wondering? If anyone has feedback please let me know? Thank You, James Cervino -- ************************************ James M. Cervino PhD. Program Marine Science Program University of South Carolina (803) 996-6470 e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net ************************************* --============_-1207328921==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Re: Divers and Fish

Hello,

The problem with Craig's suggestion is that there is a very small number of peoples who understand the basic RESPONSIBILITIES of owning a home living-room aquarium. Many peoples get into this hobby(without understanding basic chemistry) and consistently have to purchase new valuable endangered corals due to mistakes and not maintaining there aquariums. Hence the revolving door of wild caught corals continues the influx of corals into the USA. There are still to this day, stores selling dead corals for coffee tables. Has the MAC addressed this problem, and what are they trying to do to stop the imports of dead corals ? This trade can never be sustainable unless we build farms that harvest these valuable corals. Then they must train the locals to farm and fish with nets, then sell their product to those in the USA who need to have these valuable organisms in there living rooms, and for those who choose this line of work to support themselves. I am still alarmed as to what I see arriving at all the local aquarium shops in the USA. Many of them are telling me that they have long wait times for certain corals and fish due to the fisherman claiming the abundance has dwindled. From the 20 or so store owners I spoke with, they claim that the abundance is not like it was in the 80s, and this is not due to restrictions.

While surfing the net I came upon a Web Site that sells corals and live-rock in Tonga. This group collect the corals and rock from selected areas, after collection they culture the specimens in huge labs/greenhouses (it seems to be temperature controlled). Has anyone seen this site and operation? It seems impressive and from what the web-site says; they train the locals to work on board with them. Is this a sustainable operation, I am wondering? If anyone has feedback please let me know?

Thank You, James Cervino

--

************************************
James M. Cervino
PhD. Program
Marine Science Program
University of South Carolina
(803) 996-6470
e-mail:cnidaria@earthlink.net
*************************************

--============_-1207328921==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 05:26:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA18012; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 05:26:10 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA06957; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:23:47 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006953; Sat, 3 Nov 01 09:23:17 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8AH800.088 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:19:56 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8ATJ00.09N; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:27:19 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA28869; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:27:19 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAeJaGy4; Sat, 3 Nov 01 09:27:18 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA55208 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:21:01 GMT Received: from tomts12-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts12.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.56]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA52006 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:20:47 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.39.231]) by tomts12-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011103142006.CEUL2489.tomts12-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org>; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:20:06 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103085135.00ca5d00@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sat, 03 Nov 2001 09:20:05 -0500 To: From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: RE: divers and fish Cc: In-Reply-To: References: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101152300.00ab7010@pop.uncwil.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1020 At 11:55 AM 11/2/01 -0500, John McManus wrote: >So, while the aquarium trade makes a great deal of sense as a source of >livelihood in many cases, I think that the greatest danger lies in exotic >introductions. I'm not sure of the solution, other than perhaps restricting >fish distributions to within their natural range. The aquarium hobby (like so many human endeavours) is very much about snobbery and status. This can range from whose got the most expensive fish to whose got the most difficult to keep/breed. That means hobbyists prefer the-grass-is-always-greener fish. One thing I'd like to know is how many unsuccess stories are there for every competent, responsible marine hobbyist? And how many fish/live corals die before one of THEM becomes competent. And of course the hobbyist lobby groups and magazines mainly tout those experts in the rarified air of the hobby as examples of what is. Best wishes, Ursula ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 05:56:12 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA18201; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 05:56:11 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA07118; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:53:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007114; Sat, 3 Nov 01 09:52:52 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8BUK00.C84 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:49:32 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8C6V00.G3D; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:56:55 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA29995; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:56:54 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAaaaqL6; Sat, 3 Nov 01 09:56:54 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA55804 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:50:33 GMT Received: from tomts12-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts12.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.56]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA55330 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:50:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.39.231]) by tomts12-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011103144940.CQXB2489.tomts12-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org>; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:49:40 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103093108.00c98530@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sat, 03 Nov 2001 09:49:40 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Cc: Craig Bingman In-Reply-To: References: <00ea01c163f0$a0ebe6c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1021 Hi Craig, Regarding the aquarium hobby ou wrote: >If you want to keep them alive, and everyone who buys a live fish has some >interest in maintaining it in live condition, then you need to learn some >biology and chemistry. If you want to keep a reef aquarium, you are >absolutely forced to confront many of the same problems that confront >corals in the wild (eutrophication, disease, calcium carbonate saturation >state, importance of herbivores, etc.) Sure, you're "absolutely forced to confront". But make no mistake the hobbyist CREATED those problems. And that's the other problem. Most people seek to learn some biology and chemistry AFTER they make their live purchases and they've experienced several crashes. And you got to love the irony of a hobby cognizant of the "importance of herbivores" who then proceeds to remove them from the coral reefs of the world. But as someone said earlier, food harvesting by one fisher of reef fish removes far more than a responsible professional fish collector (I believe such people exist). I guess what I'm having problems with is the hobby summoning the "good" it does to justify its existence. Right now we see the same thing in Florida with the "shark feeding hobby" squawking about a recent ban on shark-feeding tours. You get the same talking heads insisting shark feeding has value in that it educates people about sharks and brings that close contact that will help people appreciate sharks and therefore fight on their behalf in conservation efforts etc etc. Marine aquarium keeping is no more about helping the world's reefs as shark=feeding tours is about giving people a "quality" shark experience. Best wishes, Ursula ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 07:48:19 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA18896; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 07:48:19 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA07761; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:45:56 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007757; Sat, 3 Nov 01 11:45:48 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8H2N00.G7S for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:42:24 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8HEZ00.CVP; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:49:47 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA04005; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:49:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAzqaa0h; Sat, 3 Nov 01 11:49:46 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA52051 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:43:54 GMT Received: from tomts8-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts8.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.52]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA55891 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:43:31 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.39.136]) by tomts8-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011103164245.UVQM13234.tomts8-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org>; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:42:45 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103113515.00c9e6f0@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sat, 03 Nov 2001 11:41:48 -0500 To: From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: RE: divers and fish Cc: In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103085135.00ca5d00@localhost> References: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101152300.00ab7010@pop.uncwil.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1022 Hi again John, I just revisited my earlier message. I wrote: >One thing I'd like to know is how many unsuccess stories are there for >every competent, responsible marine hobbyist? And how many fish/live >corals die before one of THEM becomes competent. When I read this I broke out and laughed --simply DELIGHTED by the error in wording. Of course what I MEANT was, "And how many fish/live corals die before a marine hobbyist acquires something resembling competency?" I raised the same issue as James M. Cervino when he wrote: >Many peoples get into this hobby(without understanding basic chemistry) >and consistently have to purchase new valuable endangered corals due to >mistakes and not maintaining there aquariums. Only James did it so much better. (But mine was funnier) Hope this clarifies, Ursula ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 09:11:21 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA19321; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:11:20 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA08094; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:08:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008090; Sat, 3 Nov 01 13:08:04 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8KVW00.L78 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:04:44 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8L8700.21D; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:12:07 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA07862; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:12:06 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA4raOwp; Sat, 3 Nov 01 13:12:05 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA56153 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 18:05:02 GMT Received: from convex.hhmi.columbia.edu (convex.hhmi.columbia.edu [156.111.6.109]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA52028 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:04:39 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by convex.hhmi.columbia.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id NAA10063; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:06:55 -0500 (EST) Date: Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:06:55 -0500 (EST) From: John Williams To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Craig Bingman Subject: Re: Divers and Fish In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103093108.00c98530@localhost> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1023 Again, I would make the point that education a priori of getting into the hobby could significantly reduce the numbers of fish caught. I would also point out that any intrusion into any environment will destroy and create new niches. Its a mistake to believe that the existence of one species didnt come by the demise of another or several others. Is the current demise of the reefs creating new species? - Most likely. So what do you do? Certainly something, but also not to fool one's self to believe they can save nature. Nature will get along fine with or without our help - it has for nearly 4 billion years and has done so by creating and destroying species over and over again. It will continue do so as well. (Re: Microcosmos - Margulis) That said, I strongly believe in conservation and I applaud anyone trying to learn the complexity of an environment and education those who make significant and possibly lethal intrusions to undisturbed environments. I am a realist though. The niche has been created and it will continue unbated until the economics change. Tariffs, licensing, education are means of creating this change. The oil crisis of the late 70's created a demand for fuel economy in new cars - people will change when their pocketbooks are pinched. Finally, while I would never say that the reason for keeping an aquarium is for the good of the oceans, its wrong to say that knowledge learnt in keeping one cannot be useful in understanding the ocean. Also, to the point made by Fautin, your point about the grapes being cultured is well taken. However, fragmenting corals does preserve the germ line to some extent and there is no reason to believe that a cultured animal could not become 'wild' again. cheers, john On Sat, 3 Nov 2001, Ursula Keuper-Bennett wrote: > Hi Craig, > > Regarding the aquarium hobby ou wrote: > > >If you want to keep them alive, and everyone who buys a live fish has some > >interest in maintaining it in live condition, then you need to learn some > >biology and chemistry. If you want to keep a reef aquarium, you are > >absolutely forced to confront many of the same problems that confront > >corals in the wild (eutrophication, disease, calcium carbonate saturation > >state, importance of herbivores, etc.) > > Sure, you're "absolutely forced to confront". But make no mistake the > hobbyist CREATED those problems. And that's the other problem. Most > people seek to learn some biology and chemistry AFTER they make their live > purchases and they've experienced several crashes. > > And you got to love the irony of a hobby cognizant of the "importance of > herbivores" who then proceeds to remove them from the coral reefs of the world. > > But as someone said earlier, food harvesting by one fisher of reef fish > removes far more than a responsible professional fish collector (I believe > such people exist). > > I guess what I'm having problems with is the hobby summoning the "good" it > does to justify its existence. Right now we see the same thing in Florida > with the "shark feeding hobby" squawking about a recent ban on > shark-feeding tours. > > You get the same talking heads insisting shark feeding has value in that it > educates people about sharks and brings that close contact that will help > people appreciate sharks and therefore fight on their behalf in > conservation efforts etc etc. > > Marine aquarium keeping is no more about helping the world's reefs as > shark=feeding tours is about giving people a "quality" shark experience. > > > Best wishes, > Ursula > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 09:34:22 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA19437; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:34:21 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA08188; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:32:00 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008184; Sat, 3 Nov 01 13:31:20 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8LYO00.D82 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:28:00 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8MAZ00.NV7; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:35:23 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA08957; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:35:22 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwkaiFr; Sat, 3 Nov 01 13:35:22 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA56361 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 18:31:18 GMT Received: from convex.hhmi.columbia.edu (convex.hhmi.columbia.edu [156.111.6.109]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA56048 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:30:59 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by convex.hhmi.columbia.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id NAA10104; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:33:20 -0500 (EST) Date: Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:33:19 -0500 (EST) From: John Williams To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: RE: divers and fish In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103085135.00ca5d00@localhost> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1024 Human nature is what it is. People need to eat and people are generally compelled to find the best mate to pass on their genes. Status is very much important in both (Moral Animal, Robert Wright; Third Chimpanzee, Jared Diamond). The point remains economics and education. Also, I would point out that some people are curious beyond being aware of status (I believe snobbery is rampant in all human endeavours - conservationism as well). Much can be learned from these organisms, especially with the extremely rapid pace of science. It is very likely that what is learnt may very well be the strongest motivation for much more substanial conservation efforts. Finally, I believe that this thread is getting off the more important point. Given that people will continue to keep reefs, how can the home aquaria reef industry continue without significant environmental impact. I proposed licensing people as a means education or discouragement. I am curious as to other constructive ideas. On Sat, 3 Nov 2001, Ursula Keuper-Bennett wrote: > At 11:55 AM 11/2/01 -0500, John McManus wrote: > > >So, while the aquarium trade makes a great deal of sense as a source of > >livelihood in many cases, I think that the greatest danger lies in exotic > >introductions. I'm not sure of the solution, other than perhaps restricting > >fish distributions to within their natural range. > > The aquarium hobby (like so many human endeavours) is very much about > snobbery and status. This can range from whose got the most expensive fish > to whose got the most difficult to keep/breed. > > That means hobbyists prefer the-grass-is-always-greener fish. > > One thing I'd like to know is how many unsuccess stories are there for > every competent, responsible marine hobbyist? And how many fish/live > corals die before one of THEM becomes competent. > > And of course the hobbyist lobby groups and magazines mainly tout those > experts in the rarified air of the hobby as examples of what is. > > Best wishes, > Ursula > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 10:07:26 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA19646; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 10:07:25 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA08375; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:05:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008371; Sat, 3 Nov 01 14:04:15 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8NHJ00.O74 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:00:55 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8NTU00.HWG; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:08:18 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA10064; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:08:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAANya4Pt; Sat, 3 Nov 01 14:08:17 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA56257 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 19:03:32 GMT Received: from waquarium.waquarium.org (waquarium.waquarium.org [166.122.71.15]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA56063 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 14:03:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from paoo.waquarium.org (unknown [192.168.0.60]) by waquarium.waquarium.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 157E8FEB4; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 09:07:52 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103085414.016bb7d8@mail.waquarium.org> X-Sender: carlson@mail.waquarium.org X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sat, 03 Nov 2001 09:03:06 -1000 To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Bruce Carlson Subject: RE: divers and fish In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103085135.00ca5d00@localhost> References: <5.1.0.14.2.20011101152300.00ab7010@pop.uncwil.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1025 ....And of course the hobbyist lobby groups and magazines mainly tout those experts in the rarified air of the hobby as examples of what is. Ursula, *************************************************************************** Let me quote one coral biologist who is not a hobbyist (speaking about live coral collection, not for the curio trade): "Public aquaria and private hobbyists both serve the important purpose of increasing interest, awareness and knowledge of coral reefs. Sometimes proponents of the reef aquarium trade are criticised by well meaning members of conservation movements for creating the potential to harm wild populations. In some locations, where small reef areas occur in close proximity to major centres of population, such criticisms are likely to be well founded. However, this is not so for major reef regions on the Indo-Pacific where very large areas of reefs are owned by poor countries, most of which participate in destructive fishing practices. In these countries, the well managed harvesting of corals for aquaria should give monetary value to reefs. Like well managed tourist industries, these activities have little or no envirnomental impacts as they represent an eternally renewable source of income, they are likely to be important in the quest for effective management practices that lead to longterm conservation." Veron, J.E.N. 2000. Corals of the World, Volume 1 (pg. 15) Bruce Carlson Waikiki Aquarium At 09:20 AM 11/3/2001 -0500, you wrote: >At 11:55 AM 11/2/01 -0500, John McManus wrote: > >>So, while the aquarium trade makes a great deal of sense as a source of >>livelihood in many cases, I think that the greatest danger lies in exotic >>introductions. I'm not sure of the solution, other than perhaps restricting >>fish distributions to within their natural range. > >The aquarium hobby (like so many human endeavours) is very much about >snobbery and status. This can range from whose got the most expensive >fish to whose got the most difficult to keep/breed. > >That means hobbyists prefer the-grass-is-always-greener fish. > >One thing I'd like to know is how many unsuccess stories are there for >every competent, responsible marine hobbyist? And how many fish/live >corals die before one of THEM becomes competent. > >And of course the hobbyist lobby groups and magazines mainly tout those >experts in the rarified air of the hobby as examples of what is. > >Best wishes, >Ursula > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 11:13:28 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA19970; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 11:13:27 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA08609; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 15:11:04 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008605; Sat, 3 Nov 01 15:10:48 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8QKF00.28C for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 15:07:27 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8QWL00.NYY; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 12:14:45 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA11663; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 12:14:45 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAl5aqXw; Sat, 3 Nov 01 12:14:44 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA52668 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:09:10 GMT Received: from tomts16-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts16.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA55559 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 15:08:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.52.215]) by tomts16-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011103200811.ZFOE11528.tomts16-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org>; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 15:08:11 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103134730.00beb100@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sat, 03 Nov 2001 15:08:10 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: RE: divers and fish Cc: John Williams In-Reply-To: References: <4.3.2.7.2.20011103085135.00ca5d00@localhost> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1026 John, Dr. Carlson, others, I used to be in aquarium keeping back in the mid-70's and kept at it for just under a decade. Like many marine aquarists I started with freshwater first. I discovered quickly that there were "trends" in fish --usually heralded by the national fish keepers mags. So there were IN fish, and the OUT fish made their way into cut-rate sale offs at fish shows. And any time a "new" fish was heralded, people'd stampede to be the first to own the thing. There were actually relatively few marine keepers back then. I'm sure it's plenty different now. With me, I stopped keeping fish --and yes, marine fish-- because of my diving. Underwater, I've seen creatures free and unfettered and I find going into a fish store to be a sad and disturbing experience. The truly worst part for me are the marine fish and live rocks that become bargain basement usually because they're doing poorly. They are relegated to the bottom rows of tanks. The fish are pale, listless and thin. The "live rocks" are perhaps a couple weeks away from giving up the ghost and fouling their tanks. And I'm describing the best fish shop in our area. I also know the obscene difference between the money the collector makes and the bucks exchanging hands in the pet store. I know how many of these creatures die during transport too. Right now I have four turtles and a tortoise. Orphans --the unwanted pets of others. They help me to understand the love people can feel towards their pets and how pets truly enrich our lives. So I'm not against the keeping of pets --even exotic marine fish. They can be a source of comfort and companionship. If I were to return to keeping marine fish (and I might one day when I'm too old to SCUBA dive), I'd take the castoffs sometimes offered in the want ads "Free to a good home" or rescue those that are destined for the toilet and sewers. Someone who says he'll set up a tank and stock the thing with marine "discards" has my vote. That person is truly interested in living things. He's in the hobby for the love of it and the love of those animals. Such a person understands that the value of these marine-hobby creatures cannot be measured with a $dollar$ sign. And he'll be the one to read the books and work hard to assure that his charges receive the best of care. You know? Care? The best of care? Best wishes, Ursula ------------------------------------------------ At 01:33 PM 11/3/01 -0500, John Williams wrote: >Human nature is what it is. People need to eat and people are generally >compelled to find the best mate to pass on their genes. Status is very >much important in both (Moral Animal, Robert Wright; Third Chimpanzee, >Jared Diamond). The point remains economics and education. > >Also, I would point out that some people are curious beyond being aware of >status (I believe snobbery is rampant in all human endeavours - >conservationism as well). Much can be learned from these organisms, >especially with the extremely rapid pace of science. It is very likely >that what is learnt may very well be the strongest motivation for much >more substanial conservation efforts. > >Finally, I believe that this thread is getting off the more important >point. Given that people will continue to keep reefs, how can the home >aquaria reef industry continue without significant environmental impact. >I proposed licensing people as a means education or discouragement. >I am curious as to other constructive ideas. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 12:46:29 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA20503; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 12:46:28 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA09035; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:44:05 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009031; Sat, 3 Nov 01 16:43:37 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8UV500.S7H for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:40:17 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8V7G00.JYC; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:47:40 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA16304; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:47:40 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA77aG1F; Sat, 3 Nov 01 16:47:39 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA56523 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 21:40:47 GMT Received: from tula.cura.net ([209.58.20.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA56336 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:40:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from cura.net (dppp35.cura.net [209.58.20.135]) by tula.cura.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA04499 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:33:49 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <3BE4641A.7CF5C831@cura.net> Date: Sat, 03 Nov 2001 17:39:39 -0400 From: Paul Hoetjes X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.71 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish References: <200111020328.fA23Suu25340@laknet.slt.lk> <00ea01c163f0$a0ebe6c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1027 One thing that struck me in the long thread about impact of marine aquarium industry, is the lack of mention of the CITES convention. It should be pointed out that this "Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species" is THE instrument to control trade where there is concern about the impact. All stony corals, as well as black corals are listed on appendix II of CITES, meaning that a rigorous permitting procedure has to be gone through when transporting coral (whether alive or dead or even just products of coral such as beads or other trinkets, makes no differnce). The country of origin has to give an export permit, and thus can control the amount leaving the country, or can decide it does not want any coral leaving the country. In addition the coutnry of destination has to issue an import permit which it cannot do without the export permit having been issued. Most countries in the world are part of CITES. Most aquarium hobbyists live in "developed" countries that are very strict in enforcing CITES. I bring this up because I think that where coral trade is having a serious impact, an effective weapon against this would be through CITES. If it can be shown that the impact is in fact serious, first the country where it is taking place can be asked to account why it is still issueing export permits. If this doesn't work the country of destination can be apporached with the problem and asked to stop issuing import permits for coral originating from 'rogue' countries. As last resort CITES can be asked to place certain countries on a black list, meaning that no import permits for any CITES specimens (coral or any other organism) originating from that country will be issued. This is a very effective peressure instrument. One problem in this is the fact that CITES does not list any fish species so far (although there is a lobby to this end, mainly from the US I think). It would be good if the Aquarium Industry (MAC?), if they truly want sustainability, would join this lobby and try to get certain sensitive reef fish species listed under CITES. My point is that instead of attacking the aquarium industry and hobbyists which seemingly are mostly already converted, it would be more effective if the countries involved were attacked and held accountable for their responsibility to protect their own biodiversity and impress on them the need for sustainable development as opposed to shortsighted short term economic benefits. Then it would no longer be up to consumers who are often misinformed or uninformed, and regulations could be based on actual facts that differ from location to location. Regards, Paul Hoetjes ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 13:19:29 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA20715; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 13:19:28 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA09177; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:17:06 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009173; Sat, 3 Nov 01 17:16:22 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8WDQ00.38P for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:13:02 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM8WQ100.U2I; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:20:25 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA17346; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:20:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAiMai4H; Sat, 3 Nov 01 17:20:24 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA41787 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 22:13:31 GMT Received: from mail3.panix.com (mail3.panix.com [166.84.0.167]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA56560 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:13:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from panix3.panix.com (panix3.panix.com [166.84.1.3]) by mail3.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id E387998206 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:13:06 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by panix3.panix.com (8.11.3nb1/8.8.8/PanixN1.0) with ESMTP id fA3MD6S19436 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:13:06 -0500 (EST) X-Authentication-Warning: panix3.panix.com: cbingman owned process doing -bs Date: Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:13:06 -0500 (EST) From: Craig Bingman To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1028 On Sat, 3 Nov 2001, James M. Cervino wrote: > Hello, > > The problem with Craig's suggestion is that there is a very small > number of peoples who understand the basic RESPONSIBILITIES of > owning a home living-room aquarium. Many peoples get into this > hobby(without understanding basic chemistry) and consistently have to > purchase new valuable endangered corals due to mistakes and not > maintaining there aquariums. Hence the revolving door of wild caught > corals continues the influx of corals into the USA. I think the part that you don't understand is that it costs thousands of dollars to set up and stock a typical reef aquarium. There may well be a "revolving door" of sorts operating in the reef hobby, but at a few thousand dollars per trip through the door, it is expensive to get in and out. People who invest that much money tend to stay in the hobby and learn. Certainly not a hundred percent of them, but a good fraction. I do everything that I can to make that fraction as close to unity as possible. Having worked with people trying to get a grip on the necessary chemistry required to understand what is happening in their systems, I can say that you would be absolutely amazed at how hard some people are willing to work to keep their charges alive, and how far people with modest educational backgrounds are willing and able to rise to this occasion. I can't begin to count the number of people who have told me that "if only they had known that chemistry was so important, they would have paid more attention in high school/college." Ultimately, it is love for their creatures that motivates people, not the money. But the money makes a very nice sticky trap that tends to keep people from revolving out of that door prematurely. I don't feel that there are any apologies that need to be made for the fact that this fraction is less than unity. After all, what is the fraction of the graduate students in a typical oceanography program that stay to degree completion, and how many of them spend the rest of their lives in that field? What fraction go on to tenured positions? ------------ In another part of this thread, someone asked about the larval capture/growout programs that exist for some ornamental marine species. If you want additional information about those, probably the best source of information would be Morgan Lidster at Inland Aquatics. http://www.inlandaquatics.com/ He is one of the leaders in the hobby in terms of offering captive-reared and captive-bred marine fish and other captive propagated marine invertebrates, and should be able to supply more information about those programs to truly interested individuals. Craig ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 16:34:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA21673; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 16:34:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA11052; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:31:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011035; Sat, 3 Nov 01 20:31:12 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM95EF00.M84 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:27:51 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM95QR00.46K; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:35:15 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA25750; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:35:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAANFaOsY; Sat, 3 Nov 01 20:35:13 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA57155 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 01:26:20 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA56626 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:25:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from MyHost (empF-port10.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.114]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id UAA19680; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 20:24:26 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <015a01c164cf$20c87320$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "Craig Bingman" , References: Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Date: Sat, 3 Nov 2001 18:55:05 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1029 I find your reply unconvincing. From the other postings, it seems that a piece of furniture will last a good deal longer than a captive specimen in an aquarium! You seem to feel that having the financial resources to buy stock for a marine aquarium somehow conveys a sense of ecological commitment. That has not been the case with many of the examples with which I am familiar. I would be happier with the aquarium-keepers if I saw evidence of a collective movement to demand accountability and sustainability. There is another ethical issue involved here. While I laud the efforts of the aquarium trade to learn to culture fish and inverts in vitro, so to speak, we need to realise that this transfers the technology and income from the coastal residents of Third World countries, who were the "owners" of the reefs in the first place, to residents of the developed nations. A truly ethical aquarium trade would support efforts to erect sustainable export operations in host countries. And while I'm at it I may as well wish for world peace. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 3 17:29:12 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA21992; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 17:29:11 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA11307; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 21:26:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011299; Sat, 3 Nov 01 21:25:57 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM97XP00.M85 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 21:22:37 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GM989V00.ATR; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 18:29:55 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA25424; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 18:29:55 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAGCa4PX; Sat, 3 Nov 01 18:29:54 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA57088 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 02:20:51 GMT Received: from lakdiva.slt.lk (nlakdiva.slt.lk [203.115.0.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA56986 for ; Sat, 3 Nov 2001 21:20:36 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtp1.slt.lk (e0.colombo10.slt.lk [203.115.1.145] (may be forged)) by lakdiva.slt.lk (8.10.2/8.10.2) with SMTP id fA42IOg06322 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 08:18:25 +0600 (GMT) Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 08:18:25 +0600 (GMT) Message-Id: <200111040218.fA42IOg06322@lakdiva.slt.lk> X-Sender: firefish@sltnet.lk X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 2.1.2 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Prasanna Weerakkody Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1030 As some of the pro-aquarist group has been keen to show how the trade supports the local economy I would just like to bring up one more aspect of economics that could play a main role in the equation. Eco-tourism. I know this is no-cure all, and it is not all that benign in itself either. but the basic idea that if the fish collector can be weaned into being a Trained Under-water tour guide or would depend on reef based tourism money there is a higher incentive for them to up-keep the reef intact with more "fish" on the reef. I don't believe the removal of the "fish collector" on the reef need to be accompanied by a loss of economic value to the reef. In addition to above; During the past few years the local reefs keep showing series of reef infestations and population explosions of reef organisms that take a heavy toll on the reefs. The causes of these are mostly unexplained and may be linked to selective removal of predators. (E.g: At least on one occasion an Algal bloom followed an intense collection of the Reef urchin Tripneustes for the Live Foodfish export trade (also operated by the Ornamental fish exporters themselves) supplying S/E Asia.) Regards Prasanna ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 09:41:13 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA27472; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 09:41:13 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA19172; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 13:38:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019168; Sun, 4 Nov 01 13:38:49 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAGZ500.M8H for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 13:35:29 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAHBH00.2CD; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 13:42:53 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA01402; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 13:42:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA95aOUc; Sun, 4 Nov 01 13:42:52 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA59461 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 18:35:05 GMT Received: from day.its.uiowa.edu (day.its.uiowa.edu [128.255.56.107]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA58212 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 13:34:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from itsnt5.its.uiowa.edu (itsnt5.its.uiowa.edu [128.255.40.126]) by day.its.uiowa.edu (8.11.3/8.11.1/ns-mx-1.13) with ESMTP id fA4IYfq53578; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 12:34:41 -0600 X-WebMail-UserID: jdwsn Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 12:34:41 -0600 From: John Dawson To: Anne Cohen , coral-list X-EXP32-SerialNo: 00002843 Subject: RE: terminology Message-ID: <3C0A4CD7@itsnt5.its.uiowa.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: WebMail (Hydra) SMTP v3.61.08 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1031 >===== Original Message From Anne Cohen ===== >Hello: I am wondering if there is a term in use in the biology >community that describes coral species having both symbiotic and >asymbiotic colonies i.e. a single species that occurs naturally and >healthily in both "states"; >Your ideas are appreciated, >Anne. The term would be facultative zooxanthellate. John ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- John P. Dawson Ph.D. Candidate - Department of Geoscience 121 Trowbridge Hall, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 E-mail: jdwsn@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu; Phone: (319)-335-1818; Fax: (319)-335-1821 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 11:23:46 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA27973; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 11:23:45 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA20370; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:21:21 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020360; Sun, 4 Nov 01 15:21:10 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMALPP00.V7P for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:17:49 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAM1W00.H1E; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 12:25:08 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA28106; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 12:25:08 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_Xai52; Sun, 4 Nov 01 12:25:07 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA59685 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:20:43 GMT Received: from tomts19-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts19.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.73]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA59716 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:20:23 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.38.219]) by tomts19-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011104201942.ZNHD49.tomts19-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org> for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:19:42 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011104151300.00bec760@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2001 15:19:42 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: Coral article in Newsweek Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; format=flowed X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id PAA59395 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id UAA59685 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1032 Dear CoralHedz, "Saving the Coral Reefs Some local villages in Indonesia have renounced bombs and poisons in favo= r=20 of the hook and line By Ron Moreau NEWSWEEK INTERNATIONAL Nov. 12 issue =97 "For 34 years said Nuhung made a fairly easy living as a fisherman. He=20 would take his small boat out off the coastal village of Tumbak, on the=20 eastern coast of Indonesia=92s North Sulawesi province, to the reefs. Loo= king=20 into the clear water, he would see schools of groupers, wrasse and coral=20 trout feeding off the protozoans, algae and crustaceans that live among t= he=20 coral. Then he would make use of the fishing techniques handed down from=20 his father and his grandfather: he filled empty Coke bottles with=20 fertilizers and kerosene and fashioned matches into fuses that could burn= =20 underwater. Five or 10 bombs dropped one by one over the side would send plumes of=20 water 15 feet into the air and kill fish anywhere within a dozen=20 meters. Nuhung had only to dive down and collect a boatload of the=20 larger, marketable fish and leave the rest for the gulls and sharks... ...'I always knew blast fishing was harmful,'says the 56-year-old. 'hen = I=20 suddenly realized that by bombing the reefs I was destroying not only my=20 own but my children=92s future.' And little further down: "...Indonesia=92s coral reefs are in trouble. Coral mining, industrial=20 pollution and toxic agricultural runoff all play a role in their=20 destruction, but the fishermen have been the worst offenders. They not on= ly=20 bomb fish but also poison them with cyanide, an equally destructive=20 practice. The fishermen are also among the biggest potential victims of t= he devastation." The rest is at: Best wishes, Ursula TURTLE TRAX http://www.turtles.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 13:27:54 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA28630; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 13:27:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA20956; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 17:25:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020946; Sun, 4 Nov 01 17:24:51 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMARFU00.E8N for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 17:21:30 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMARS100.67F; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 14:28:49 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA02323; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 14:28:48 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA2zaqIe; Sun, 4 Nov 01 14:28:48 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA59944 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 22:20:29 GMT Received: from mail3.panix.com (mail3.panix.com [166.84.0.167]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA59062 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 17:20:11 -0500 (EST) Received: from panix3.panix.com (panix3.panix.com [166.84.1.3]) by mail3.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1971398255 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 17:20:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by panix3.panix.com (8.11.3nb1/8.8.8/PanixN1.0) with ESMTP id fA4MK2n29602 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 17:20:02 -0500 (EST) X-Authentication-Warning: panix3.panix.com: cbingman owned process doing -bs Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 17:20:01 -0500 (EST) From: Craig Bingman To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish In-Reply-To: <015a01c164cf$20c87320$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1033 On Sat, 3 Nov 2001, Mike Risk wrote: > I find your reply unconvincing. From the other postings, it seems that a > piece of furniture will last a good deal longer than a captive specimen in > an aquarium! First, I don't recall any aquarist commenting on the longevity of reef fish or other marine organisms in aquaria. There was a post from Daphne, indicating that she feels that anemones are short-lived in aquaria. I would contrast what she has written with the experience of my friends in the hobby and several public aquaria, where tropical host anemones have reproduced by binary fission (primarily E. quadricolor) and have survived for periods of time greatly longer than five years. Many reef fish (given proper care) probably survive much longer in aquaria than they would have in the ocean. Stony corals have been fragmented and passed from aquarium to aquarium. Although the technology for keeping them alive has been widely distributed for only the last ten years or so, there are several clonal strains in the hobby that are that old or nearly so. Moreover, you are missing the point. If you buy a piece of furniture, you don't have to feed it, you don't need to learn anything about keeping tropical hardwoods alive. You need not develop any sort of appreciate for the natural environment of tropical hardwoods. It just sits there like, well, a piece of furniture. You sit on it, eat on it, lay down on it (whichever is appropriate) and none of those activities promote ecological awareness. Perhaps I'm hanging around in the wrong circles, but I've never once heard a person, on looking at a piece of furniture, exclaim "gawd, tropical hardwood trees are magnificent and precious!" Probably because they aren't looking at a tree. They are looking at a tree that was sawn into lumber, assembled into a piece of furniture and bears zero resemblance to the organism of origin. Contrast this experience with what goes on when you own an aquarium. You are constantly taking care of it. You are making up for evaporation, putting calcium and carbonate alkalinity into the system. Feeding the fish and invertebrates. Removing nutrients via some physical chemical process, bioassimilation or dilution. You are, in short, the manager of a tiny patch of coral reef and it is absolutely dependent on you for every vital function, from illumination to water motion. You are responsible for selecting a suitable group of organisms, so that algae don't grow unchecked, so that there isn't undue aggression, etc. It is quite a balancing act. People become quite good at it, and learn a great deal along the way. > You seem to feel that having the financial resources to buy > stock for a marine aquarium somehow conveys a sense of ecological > commitment. That has not been the case with many of the examples with which > I am familiar. Without knowing more about the unspecified examples "with which you are familiar," it is difficult for me to to speak to them. If you invest kilodollars in a reef setup and fail to learn the relevant lessons, then you have taken a kilodollar financial bath. Ouch. If you spend kilodollars on tropical hardwood furniture, you get to sit on it whether or not you learn anything. > I would be happier with the aquarium-keepers if I saw > evidence of a collective movement to demand accountability and > sustainability. There are collective movements to promote accountability and sustainability. > There is another ethical issue involved here. While I laud the efforts of > the aquarium trade to learn to culture fish and inverts in vitro, so to > speak, we need to realize that this transfers the technology and income from > the coastal residents of Third World countries, who were the "owners" of the > reefs in the first place, to residents of the developed nations. No, if the techniques and technology are invented here, then no technology is transfered *from* third world countries. As things stand, the technology and techniques for captive propagating these animals have been developed in first world countries, and in many cases, transfered *to* third world countries for their benefit. It is enormously expensive in terms of the required amount of electrical energy for light and water pumps to captive propagate stony corals in, let's say, New York, where I live. It is much more economical where labor is inexpensive and light is free, like on the reef. Labor is inexpensive there as well. As a spin-off benefit, these initiatives help foster the idea in these third world communities that reef corals are intrinsically valuable, and they aren't just an obstacle to catching fish and good primarily for scraping the bottoms of boats. Moreover, I think you are holding us to a standard that is rarely, if ever, met in the real world. I ate some bread today. Does that mean I need to send some money to the middle east, where wheat was first cultivated and domesticated? Was it wrong for us to bring that plant to the United States? I guess that all of those farmers in Kansas are denying middle eastern farmers their birthright to be the sole cultivators of wheat! Probably some folks in central and south America have a bone to pick with us over the corn and potato issue as well. > A truly ethical aquarium trade would support efforts to erect sustainable > export operations in host countries. And while I'm at it I may as well wish > for world peace. There have been and are a number of efforts to culture corals and other invertebrates in third world countries. A variety of techniques and technologies have been used. These range from fragmentation and grow-out of stony corals in local lagoons to more cash and technology intensive clam propagation efforts. While the aquarium hobby is far from perfect, there is a great deal of momentum towards sustainability and captive propagation. This is all happening spontaneously, largely due to forces inside the hobby. Craig -- cbingman@panix.com http://fpage1.ba.best.com/~cbingman ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 05:17:38 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA25881; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 05:17:37 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA17137; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 09:15:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma017129; Sun, 4 Nov 01 09:15:02 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMA4RH00.97W for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 09:11:41 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMA53O00.8WB; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 06:19:00 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA17905; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 06:18:59 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAActaa_I; Sun, 4 Nov 01 06:18:59 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA58661 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 14:07:25 GMT Received: from mx1.whoi.edu (zeratul.whoi.edu [128.128.76.62]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA58983 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 09:07:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from whoi.edu (node83-whoi.dialup.whoi.edu [128.128.112.83]) by mx1.whoi.edu (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1B0CC37E4F for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 09:07:03 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <3BE57729.18D0A4D1@whoi.edu> Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2001 09:13:13 -0800 From: Anne Cohen X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en,pdf MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Subject: terminology Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1034 Hello: I am wondering if there is a term in use in the biology community that describes coral species having both symbiotic and asymbiotic colonies i.e. a single species that occurs naturally and healthily in both "states"; Your ideas are appreciated, Anne. ..................................... Dr A.L. Cohen Geology and Geophysics ms#23 Clark BLDG Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 15:17:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA29244; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:17:10 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA21821; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:14:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021816; Sun, 4 Nov 01 19:14:46 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAWJ100.L7P for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:11:25 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAWVE00.ID8; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:18:50 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA14640; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:18:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA29aWLC; Sun, 4 Nov 01 19:18:49 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA60110 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 00:10:52 GMT Message-Id: <200111050010.AAA60110@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 11:59:36 -0600 (CST) From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G To: Anne Cohen cc: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" Subject: Re: terminology Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1035 I know of no single term to describe this but I would be pleased to learn of one. While we are on the subject, though, it might be good to clarify the terms that do exist. Here are how I understand them. ZOOXANTHELLATE refers to a species? an individual? (or either?) that contains zooxanthellae. In 1985, Schuhmacher and Zibrowius (Coral Reefs 4:1-9) distinguished between zooxanthellate and hermatypic, which had until then been used more or less interchangeably (so read the earlier literature with that in mind). AZOOXANTHELLATE, then, is the opposite -- a species/individual/either lacking zooxanthellae. When there is no chance of confusion with other symbioses, what is meant by "zooxanthellate" may be termed "SYMBIOTIC," and "azooxanthellate" "ASYMBIOTIC." This is how Anne uses the terms in her question. APOSYMBIOTIC refers to an individual (including a colony) that has lost its symbionts. Thus a bleached polyp would be termed aposymbiotic, but a newly-settled polyp of a species in which the zooxanthellae are acquired from the environment that has not yet obtained algae would not be. I increasingly see the term "aposymbiotic" used in the sense I define above as "asymbiotic." Daphne Fautin On Sun, 4 Nov 2001, Anne Cohen wrote: > Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2001 09:13:13 -0800 > From: Anne Cohen > To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" > Subject: terminology > > Hello: I am wondering if there is a term in use in the biology > community that describes coral species having both symbiotic and > asymbiotic colonies i.e. a single species that occurs naturally and > healthily in both "states"; > Your ideas are appreciated, > Anne. > > > > ..................................... > Dr A.L. Cohen > Geology and Geophysics > ms#23 Clark BLDG > Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution > Woods Hole MA 02543 Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Haworth Hall University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA telephone 1-785-864-3062 fax 1-785-864-5321 for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released 12 July 2001 *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 15:18:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA29254; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:18:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA21834; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:15:47 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021817; Sun, 4 Nov 01 19:14:47 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAWJ200.I8L for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:11:27 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAWVE00.0PI; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:18:50 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA14643; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:18:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA7aa4LC; Sun, 4 Nov 01 19:18:49 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA59741 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 00:11:51 GMT Message-Id: <200111050011.AAA59741@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 12:18:59 -0600 (CST) From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G To: Craig Bingman cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Trees and Fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1036 Dear Craig and others, With regard to the interchange below, if we are looking at it from the perspective of ecosystem functioning, the two have the same effect. The organism has been removed from the environment: it therefore contributes no more genes to future generations, the carbon and nutrients contained in its tissues are not available for recycling, and the structure it provides in situ has gone. It is irrelevant that one is dead and one technically remains alive after removal (notwithstanding the issue of mortality rate in collecting and shipping live organisms). Obviously, the amount of biomass is quite different between the two, but the numbers are reversed in terms of individuals. Who is to say one is more significant than the other? If the aquarium animal were to be propagated (fragmented or bred), thereby lessening removal of organisms in the future, it might be said to have a long-term positive effect on the environment, but that would still not replace the loss of that individual. Furniture could have a similar effect -- if it is made to last, that could diminish harvest of trees in future. In fact, it could be argued that the expected "life-time" of the furniture in a home in Berlin or Ottawa is greater than that of a particular fish or gorgonian. This does not address the value to the consumer or to society, including educational value, which has been the gist of most of the discussion. But in terms of the ecosystem itself, it seems to me there is little to choose between them -- neither is sustainable, as was originally said. Daphne Fautin > > It is precisely these arguments that have been used to support "selective" > > harvesting of tropical hardwoods. The present aquarium live trade, in both > > fish and inverts, is not sustainable. > > There is a big difference between maintaining a live aquarium fish or > invertebrate in one's home and having a dead piece of wood in the form of > furnature in one's home. The analogy you have made is better with the > harvest coral skeletons, seahorses and other marine life for the > manufacture of dead curios, ornaments and medicinal purposes. > > If you want to keep them alive, and everyone who buys a live fish has some > interest in maintaining it in live condition, then you need to learn some > biology and chemistry. If you want to keep a reef aquarium, you are > absolutely forced to confront many of the same problems that confront > corals in the wild (eutrophication, disease, calcium carbonate saturation > state, importance of herbivores, etc.) > > You are required to learn absolutely nothing about hardwood conservation > issues and issues confronting the survivial of tropical hardwoods by > having a piece of dead furnature in your home. Certainly, some > exceptional individuals *might* be inspired to learn something about > tropical hardwood conservation when they buy a piece of hardwood > furnature. One absolutely *must* learn about issues relevant to the fate > of reefs when one seeks to maintain a successful reef aquarium. It is not > optional. > > Craig Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Haworth Hall University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA telephone 1-785-864-3062 fax 1-785-864-5321 for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released 12 July 2001 *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 15:18:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA29252; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 15:18:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA21829; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:15:47 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021824; Sun, 4 Nov 01 19:14:51 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAWJ100.68H for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:11:25 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAWV800.99M; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 16:18:44 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA06314; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 16:18:44 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVIaivm; Sun, 4 Nov 01 16:18:43 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA59644 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 00:10:31 GMT Received: from waquarium.waquarium.org (waquarium.waquarium.org [166.122.71.15]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA59880 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 19:10:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from OMILU.waquarium.org (unknown [192.168.0.43]) by waquarium.waquarium.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id AA27DFEB4; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 14:14:55 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011104133555.00b39a40@mail.waquarium.org> X-Sender: delbeek@mail.waquarium.org X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2001 14:10:08 -1000 To: From: Charles Delbeek Subject: Re: aquarium concerns Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1037 At 12:20 PM 11/2/2001 -0500, you wrote: >Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from >PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the >Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways >other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should >seek to limit all sources. John: Not to say your point is without merit but in Hawaii tropical marine fish have been imported into this state for decades, and there have been numerous releases over that time span, however, there has not been a single incident of any aquarium fish forming a reproducing population here that I am aware of. I would hazard to guess that the same may also occur in Florida. Yes you do occasionally see sightings of Centropyge flavissimus in Kaneohe Bay and elsewhere around Oahu and the odd damsel here and there, but that's about it. Where there has been catastrophic changes have been when the state government, despite advise from scientific consultants released fishes here such as the bluestripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, and the peacock grouper, Cephalopholis argus, the snapper in particular has been implicated in the decline of local snapper species. There have also been attempts in the last few decades to seed reefs with giant clams and some corals from the south Pacific, none of which survived. In contrast, the freshwater streams and lakes on several of the islands are almost completely dominated by aquarium fishes such as cichlids and livebearers. In this case, the lack of any competition in the local freshwaters probably played a significant role. Aloha! J. Charles Delbeek Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium 2777 Kalakaua Ave. Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 808-923-9741 808-923-1771 FAX ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 16:31:14 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA29697; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 16:31:14 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA22234; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:28:50 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022224; Sun, 4 Nov 01 20:28:39 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMAZY600.L7R for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:25:18 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMB0AJ00.JBL; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:32:43 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA17528; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:32:42 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAATdaWoI; Sun, 4 Nov 01 20:32:41 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA60296 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:25:38 GMT Received: from siaag1ae.compuserve.com (siaag1ae.compuserve.com [149.174.40.7]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA60308 for ; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:25:25 -0500 (EST) Received: (from mailgate@localhost) by siaag1ae.compuserve.com (8.9.3/8.9.3/SUN-1.12) id UAA08848; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:24:45 -0500 (EST) Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 20:24:20 -0500 From: McCarty and Peters Subject: Re: terminology To: FAUTIN DAPHNE G , Coral Reef List Server Message-ID: <200111042024_MC3-E5A7-1527@compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id UAA60062 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1038 Daphne, >> In 1985, Schuhmacher and Zibrowius (Coral Reefs 4:1-9) distinguished between zooxanthellate and hermatypic, which had until then been used more or less interchangeably (so read the earlier literature with that in mind). << Yes, but we beat them by at least a year: When is a Hermatype Not a Hermatype?, McCarty, H. B., Peters, E. C., McManus, J. W., and Pilson, M. E. Q., Atlantic Reef Committee, Advances in Reef Science Meeting, Miami, Florida, October 1984. Anne is not the first to face this terminology problem. Everyone else working on A. poculata (earlier A. danae and A. astreiformis) has faced the issue of the terminology, as well as the issue of explaining how and why the two forms (with and without significant concentrations of zooxanthellae) can exist side-by-side, and can change zooxanthellae densities over time. The problem was described in: Peters, E.C., and M.E.Q. Pilson. 1985. A comparative study of the effects of sedimentation stress on symbiotic and asymbiotic colonies of the coral Astrangia danae Milne Edwards & Haime 1849. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 92: 215-230 as well. In fact, most of us started using "zooxanthellate" instead of symbiotic in 1982 after a reviewer brought up the issue that asymbiotic "implies no other symbioses" in reviewing: Cummings, C. E. and McCarty, H. B. 1982. Stable Carbon Isotope Ratios in Astrangia danae: Evidence for Algal Modification of Carbon Pools used in Calcification, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 46: 1125-1129. The problem is that even "azooxanthellate" is inadequate, since the corals may harbor small, but countable numbers of algae in their tissues. Anne, I'm sorry to say that none of us ever found a suitable solution for the terminology. The earlier suggestion of "facultative zooxanthellate" certainly does not flow off the tongue, nor does it adequately describe the life history of species such as A. poculata (or a similar situation in Oculina varicosa and others). >From a functional standpoint "brown" and "white" describe the situation in A. poculata about as well as anything else. The problem is that we are no further along in explaining the "relationship" than we are with the terminology. Both still need work. Maybe if more tropical researchers would don wet suits and brave the northern waters at 6 degrees C when they are so clear, we'd get a better term. Chip McCarty ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 4 21:28:34 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA01483; Sun, 4 Nov 2001 21:28:34 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA24281; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:26:11 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024276; Mon, 5 Nov 01 01:25:27 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBDOU00.P8S for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:22:06 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBE1800.GM5; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:29:32 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA02803; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:29:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA7yayDf; Mon, 5 Nov 01 01:29:28 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA60162 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 06:26:01 GMT Received: from mail3.panix.com (mail3.panix.com [166.84.0.167]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA60631 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:25:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from panix3.panix.com (panix3.panix.com [166.84.1.3]) by mail3.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 810199829F for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:25:38 -0500 (EST) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by panix3.panix.com (8.11.3nb1/8.8.8/PanixN1.0) with ESMTP id fA56Pc004572 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:25:38 -0500 (EST) X-Authentication-Warning: panix3.panix.com: cbingman owned process doing -bs Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:25:38 -0500 (EST) From: Craig Bingman To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Trees and Fish In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1039 Daphne and others, While I agree that technically an organism removed from an ecosystem alive and an organism removed from an ecosystem for uses that automatically involve its death is the same in terms of loss of nutrients, etc, I'm not sure that the organisms are necessarily genetic dead-ends. After a significant loss of a particular strain of Sinularia from the wild from an island group, there was a call to aquarists to see if anyone definitely had that strain going in their systems. There was some discussion of potentially using aquarium corals to restock that area. I don't know whether or not the aquarium hobby was able to help out in that case. Unfortunately, there is a fair amount of geographic confusion about where given specimens come from, once they have made it thorugh several hands and several tanks. I also think that this is a situation that needs to be approached with considerable caution, given the fact that many private aquaria are "pan-tropical" and contain organisms from many geographic locations. There would be some chance of introducing a novel disease or other undesirable organism if aquarium corals were actually used in this way. However, as reefs in the wild are under increasing pressure from many fronts, I would expect such local wipeouts to be increasingly common in the future. It no longer seems beyond the realm of possibility that aquarium corals might be used to restock wild reefs under some circumstances. My question to the reef research community is what steps the aquarium hobby could take to increase the value of our germline holdings? There has been some discussion of this in the hobby for several years. Initially, I was somewhat dismissive of the idea. But things have changed substantially over the last few years, both because of the hobby's success in captive propagation of several species, and because things seem to be falling apart in the wild at an accelerating pace. The coral strains that we would have to offer are almost without exception clonal strains. So their genetic diversity would be quite low. Obviously the best place to conserve corals is in wild populations. But things in the wild seem to be increasingly out of control. If there are any bookkeeping or other mesures that private aquarists could be taking to increase the value of their stocks, then I feel certain that the hobby would be receptive to suggestions along those lines. Craig -- cbingman@panix.com http://fpage1.ba.best.com/~cbingman ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 00:53:42 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id AAA02574; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 00:53:41 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id EAA25354; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 04:51:18 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025344; Mon, 5 Nov 01 04:51:00 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBN7E00.98B for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 04:47:39 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBNJM00.TZB; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:54:58 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA01903; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 01:54:58 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA1FaWTd; Mon, 5 Nov 01 01:54:57 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA60705 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:51:11 GMT Received: from sweeper.dhivehinet.net.mv ([202.1.201.230]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA60726 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 04:50:58 -0500 (EST) Received: (from root@localhost) by sweeper.dhivehinet.net.mv (8.11.5/8.11.4) id fA59ohW19547 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:50:43 +0500 Received: from engine8.dhivehinet.net.mv (engine8.dhivehinet.net.mv [202.1.192.219]) by sweeper.dhivehinet.net.mv (8.11.5/8.11.5) with ESMTP id fA59ofv19516 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:50:41 +0500 Received: from z5x5l0 ([202.1.200.195]) by engine8.dhivehinet.net.mv (Post.Office MTA v3.5.2 release 221 ID# 0-71236U4000L400S0V35) with SMTP id mv for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:51:08 +0500 Message-ID: <001c01c165d7$fe01f640$c3c801ca@z5x5l0> From: "William Allison" To: "coral_list" Subject: bereaved dolphin behaviour? Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:57:32 +0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 X-Virus-Scanned: by AMaViS snapshot-20010714 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1040 I have received a report of a female dolphin lingering for three days (so far) in a shallow lagoon by a dying, now dead baby dolphin. I wonder if anyone reading this has any experience with this phenomenon and any advice for concerned observers such as what to expect or do Thanks. Sincerely, Bill William (Bill) Allison Coral Reef Ecology and Management Kothanmaage South Apt. 5 Maaveyo Magu Male MALDIVES (960) 32 9667 wallison@dhivehinet.net.mv ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 03:19:54 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA03405; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 03:19:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA26166; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 07:17:31 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma026156; Mon, 5 Nov 01 07:16:56 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBTYP00.98E for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 07:13:37 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBUAU00.OD5; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 04:20:54 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA10167; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 04:20:54 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAANqaO2t; Mon, 5 Nov 01 04:20:53 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA61340 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 12:18:31 GMT Received: from mail1.caribsurf.com (mail1.caribsurf.com [205.214.192.207]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA60182 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 07:18:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from oemcomputer ([205.214.205.174]) by mail1.caribsurf.com (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id IAA23989; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 08:16:17 -0400 (GMT-0400) Message-ID: <000901c16600$3a803b40$aecdd6cd@oemcomputer> From: "Kurt Cordice" To: "William Allison" Cc: References: <001c01c165d7$fe01f640$c3c801ca@z5x5l0> Subject: Re: bereaved dolphin behaviour? Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 08:46:09 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1041 Hi Bill, What you are witnessing is not an uncommon thing. She'll stay with her baby even after its dead for extended periods...essentially, as long as it take for her to mourn and decide its time to move on. Unfortunately, as with humans, there's not a whole lot you can do to help her. The only thing I would suggest is that, if possible, keep human visits to her down to a minimum. If she's going to stay in one spot for a while, people may get the idea that she needs attention and want to swim with her etc. Again, just like humans, sometimes we all need some time alone. Wish I could help though. I'm sure its not a nice thing to witness. All the best, Kurt Kurt Cordice General Coordinator Seascape Research and Education ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 05:22:06 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA04488; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 05:22:05 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27106; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:19:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027102; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:19:31 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBZN000.3A1 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:16:12 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBZZC00.UO1; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:23:36 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07594; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:23:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwEai1o; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:23:35 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA61642 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:17:58 GMT Message-Id: <200111051417.OAA61642@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 07:55:40 -0600 (CST) From: FAUTIN DAPHNE G To: Craig Bingman cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Divers and Fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1042 Dear Coral-listers, As I wrote, from the perspective of the environment, I see no difference between removing something that remains alive and something that does not. I explicitly was not addressing any value that may accrue to the keeper. No matter how much a person learns, or multiple people learn, by keeping an organism, it will be contributing no more genes to future generations, its carbon and nutrients will be unavailable for recycling in situ, and the physical structure it provided will be absent. I realize that vegetative propagation has been successful. As I wrote before, that works only with clonal organisms -- a minority of anemones, not all of which will survive captivity and only a tiny fraction of which are desired by enough aquarists to be commercially viable -- and perhaps half the species of corals -- many of which are unsuitable for keeping. Recognizing the successes of such propagation, as well as increasing successes in breeding, I urge all marine aquarium keepers never to acquire another organism that has come directly from the wild. If that were done, the problem I understand us to have been discussing (removal of reef denizens from nature) would be solved. Concerning aquaculture at the village level, that of giant clams showed more promise than that of most organisms because of ease in spawning and in rearing. Of the efforts of which I have been aware, none is currently viable. As others have written, if there were no other stresses on reefs, collecting for aquarium keeping might be harmless. But the sad fact is it's one of many stresses. Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Haworth Hall University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA telephone 1-785-864-3062 fax 1-785-864-5321 for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released 12 July 2001 *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 05:27:08 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA04547; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 05:27:07 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27187; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:24:43 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027179; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:23:59 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMBZUF00.S8L for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:20:39 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMC06L00.U7E; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 06:27:57 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA23784; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 06:27:57 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAGraGCU; Mon, 5 Nov 01 06:27:56 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA61607 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:26:32 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA61895 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:26:10 -0500 (EST) Received: from MyHost (empE-port23.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.78]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id JAA09850; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:23:42 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <006601c16605$26c1f6c0$3c8dfea9@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: , "Ursula Keuper-Bennett" References: <4.3.2.7.2.20011104151300.00bec760@localhost> Subject: Re: Coral article in Newsweek Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:21:23 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1043 Hi Ursula. While commendable, this article is somewhat out of date. Name of the mag could be Newsdecade. Tumbak is at or very near the global centre of marine biodiversity, so we should all be concerned about what goes on there. Threats to the reefs in the region have been well-documented elsewhere, especially by Tom Tomascik. There are some success stories. Educational programs involving the ethnic groups making up Indonesia's "sea gypsies" (Bugis, Badjo, etc) have had some impact. In addition, there are two programs with (at least in part) foreign funding that make the rest of them look like the disgraceful pork-barrel lashups they really are. Kehati is an NGO working on marine programs, using primary education as a major tool. Mark Erdmann's work out of Bunaken on cyanide-fishing is having some impact. In addition, USAid funds a community-based program in Blongko, on Sulawesi, that has been extremely effective. They brought in masks and flippers, showed the village what the reef looked like-village set up and now polices their own marine reserve. This and some other success stories were documented in a TV special, People of the Reefs, shown last January on Vision TV. This has some spectacular footage of fish bombing. Someone may have taped a copy you could lay your hands on. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 05:33:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA04625; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 05:33:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27284; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:30:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027276; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:30:41 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMC05I00.Q90 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:27:18 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMC0HT00.4PR; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:34:41 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA10345; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:34:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAI8a4mu; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:34:40 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA58069 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:33:29 GMT Message-Id: <200111051433.OAA58069@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 1 Nov 2001 20:37:34 -0500 From: Trish Hunt To: Coral-List Subject: divers and fish Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1044 And so it begins another heated debate. I must agree with Mr. Crockett here, and thank him for trying. While I have seen many debates on this list as to why coral reefs are dying, I have not seen one single correct answer. I am not a marine biologist by certificate�yet. However, I have become somewhat of a lay biologist as Mr. Crockett has suggested. I have also begun working at a local fish store part time in order to enhance my education and to get an inside look at where corals, inverts, and fish are coming from, at least into this one store. I am pleased to report that no fish come into our store that is collected with cyanide unless a customer specifically requests that species and pays for the fish in advance. Then, the owners of the store do try to talk the customer out of that fish, informing the customer of the collection practices of that species and the low rate of survival of fish collected with cyanide. Give me a few more months and I will learn where �we� get our corals, sponges, and anemones. Hermits come in from breeders; I have learned that. We also have horseshoe crabs, also from breeders. Most of the fish also come in from breeders, but I cannot tell you that all of my store�s fish are not caught off of reef systems. But as for aquarists themselves, not all are monsters as some scientists think. Personally, I have changed my entire life and career goals based from caring for my 55 gal. reef tank, 3 fish, and sitting on this coral list; I have felt that I have to do something to save these systems around the world. While I am �young,� �inexperienced,� and lacking the proper education in the area, I am working on that education (and frankly this calculus is kicking my butt)! I feel I have already become a better aquarium hobbyist for sitting on this list and learning about the degradation of reef systems all over the world. But I will soon become a �real� scientist because of that hobby as well. Based on Mr. Crockett�s observations of the people of Fiji, you can take people to water but you can�t make them drink. You can teach people about the importance of their environment, but you can�t make them protect it. Some people just don�t get it. Some hobbyists don�t get it (I will admit that), some peoples don�t get it, some governments don�t get it, and some �scientists� don�t get it. In diving, fishing, collecting, or not collecting, the best you can do is educate people and hope for the best. In the case of hobbyists, I really believe that people new to the hobby really try to be responsible in what they bring into their homes. You may think that is awfully trusting of me, but we are living in a society that has been brought up to be environmentally conscious. You have to admit that (for example) recycling programs have come a long way in the past 10 years as testimony to the environmentally aware Americans of today. I also implore you to not point the finger at any one group and educate yourself on the passion that people like myself and (obviously) Mr. Crockett have for the inhabitants of our home. Yes, due to a lack of education I did lose my plate coral, but I assure you that I haven�t added anything else to my aquarium yet and won�t until I have fully researched the inhabitant I wish to add. The aquarium hobby is like an art, as well as a science. Like any other science, it is a total learning experience. Perhaps one day we will find the correct answer that will make everyone happy. But one answer that no one wants to admit to that will not make any one person happy, everyone eludes to here. In this sue happy world where everyone wants to blame everyone else about everything right down to the degradation of coral reefs, everyone (including myself) needs to look into the mirror for their answer. We are all to blame in some way, it doesn�t matter who you are. We can all do a little better to protect the reefs of the world. But instead, one group of scientists would rather blame the aquarium hobby, another group wants to blame land-based pollution, while another group wants to discount that claim while saying they only say that because of money, while another group blames warming ocean waters, and still another group may blame the governments� of the world lack of protection and caring. I have seen these arguments come and go with a lot of bad feelings between scientists and groups, cliques if you will, of scientists, and no one ever comes to a conclusion or a solution as to how �we� are going to make it better. Perhaps coral reefs are dying as a result of all these things combined, to include more reasons I don�t even know about yet. I would hate to think that it is only because of one source. We have seen evidence of many different reasons why reef systems are dying. Perhaps the correct answer is for the scientific community to put a halt to their fighting over the subject, continue their research and educating others in their particular areas, put all this knowledge on all the different aspects of reef degradation into a big pile and have a sensible session of �Ok, what can we do to help fix all these different problems?� The only reason I have seen as to why this hasn�t happened yet is because of research money coming from different areas. One scientist or group won�t get their money for research if they �get too involved.� Other scientists or groups get more money if they discredit their peers working on issues they are in competition with. If you want to blame one aspect of coral reef degradation, maybe that one thing needs to be money. Money has turned potentially good scientific work into hogwash and made people with good hearts into greedy scientific politicians. If the scientific community as a whole could take money out of the equation for all, maybe you would all be able to get done what you all started out doing fresh out of college. Please don�t take anything I have said in a wrong context. This was a debate and another answer seeking session. If I were to blame coral reef degradation, I would blame it on money polluting the scientific community. But, otherwise, until I am �educated� otherwise, I feel it is a combination of all things. Not just the aquarium hobby, not just the diving community, not just the fishermen, not just land-based pollution, not just blast fishing, not just beach restoration projects, not just warmer ocean waters, not just bio-eroding sponges and urchins, not just anything�but all of it at the same time. Let the flaming begin. Patricia Hunt Florida Community College at Jacksonville Soon to be at Jacksonville University ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 05:41:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA04708; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 05:41:10 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA27366; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:38:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027355; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:38:03 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMC0HW00.3A2 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:34:44 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMC0U700.ACO; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:42:07 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA11985; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:42:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAL3aaAx; Mon, 5 Nov 01 09:42:06 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA61447 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:40:23 GMT Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 14:40:23 GMT Message-Id: <200111051440.OAA61447@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: Jim Hendee To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: delayed posts Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1045 Greetings, You may have noticed that some posts do not make it through to coral-list for many hours or sometimes even days after they were originally sent. Most often this is because you now have a new email address and didn't unsubscribe from your old address and are now trying to send from your new address (but mail to your old address still gets to your new one); or sometimes because you send your message to owner-coral-list instead of to coral-list because your mail program sees the message this way. In either case, the message gets bounced for me to approved, and some days (like today, when I had 295 messages in my inbox because people did not unsubscribe, or like probelms above) I may not get to forwarding your message to the list right away. PLEASE try to unsubscribe from old address and subscribe to new ones when you are aware of the change, and make sure you are sending your coral-list posts to the correct address (namely, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov). Thank you very much for your cooperation. Now, back to my inbox... Cheers, Jim coral-list admin ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 09:34:48 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA07997; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:34:48 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id NAA02208; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:32:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002181; Mon, 5 Nov 01 13:31:53 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCBBM00.BAF for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:28:34 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCBNS00.DRJ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 10:35:52 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA06571; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 10:35:52 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA81aq1m; Mon, 5 Nov 01 10:35:51 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA62177 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 18:30:31 GMT Received: from wmailsrv.twu.ca (webmail.twu.ca [64.114.134.26]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA62502 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:30:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from mail pickup service by wmailsrv.twu.ca with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 10:30:08 -0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 x-sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov x-receiver: kehler@twu.ca Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by wmailsrv.twu.ca with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.0.2195.2966); Mon, 5 Nov 2001 09:49:07 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA60110 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 00:10:52 GMT Message-ID: <200111050010.AAA60110@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 4 Nov 2001 11:59:36 -0600 (CST) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 From: "FAUTIN DAPHNE G" To: "Anne Cohen" Cc: Subject: Re: terminology X-OriginalArrivalTime: 05 Nov 2001 17:49:07.0889 (UTC) FILETIME=[2AF7D210:01C16622] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1046 I know of no single term to describe this but I would be pleased to learn of one. While we are on the subject, though, it might be good to clarify the terms that do exist. Here are how I understand them. ZOOXANTHELLATE refers to a species? an individual? (or either?) that contains zooxanthellae. In 1985, Schuhmacher and Zibrowius (Coral Reefs 4:1-9) distinguished between zooxanthellate and hermatypic, which had until then been used more or less interchangeably (so read the earlier literature with that in mind). AZOOXANTHELLATE, then, is the opposite -- a species/individual/either lacking zooxanthellae. When there is no chance of confusion with other symbioses, what is meant by "zooxanthellate" may be termed "SYMBIOTIC," and "azooxanthellate" "ASYMBIOTIC." This is how Anne uses the terms in her question. APOSYMBIOTIC refers to an individual (including a colony) that has lost its symbionts. Thus a bleached polyp would be termed aposymbiotic, but a newly-settled polyp of a species in which the zooxanthellae are acquired from the environment that has not yet obtained algae would not be. I increasingly see the term "aposymbiotic" used in the sense I define above as "asymbiotic." Daphne Fautin On Sun, 4 Nov 2001, Anne Cohen wrote: > Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2001 09:13:13 -0800 > From: Anne Cohen > To: "coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov" > Subject: terminology > > Hello: I am wondering if there is a term in use in the biology > community that describes coral species having both symbiotic and > asymbiotic colonies i.e. a single species that occurs naturally and > healthily in both "states"; > Your ideas are appreciated, > Anne. > > > > ..................................... > Dr A.L. Cohen > Geology and Geophysics > ms#23 Clark BLDG > Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution > Woods Hole MA 02543 Daphne G. Fautin Professor, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Haworth Hall University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 USA telephone 1-785-864-3062 fax 1-785-864-5321 for e-mail, please use fautin@ku.edu lab web page: www.nhm.ku.edu/~inverts direct to database of hexacorals, including sea anemones, released 12 July 2001 *** http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Biodata/ *** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 11:14:22 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA09513; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 11:14:22 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA03904; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:11:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003900; Mon, 5 Nov 01 15:11:57 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCFYE00.BB0 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:08:38 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCGAQ00.LYU; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:16:02 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA20396; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:16:01 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVgay1N; Mon, 5 Nov 01 15:16:01 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA62429 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 20:08:24 GMT Received: from mail.dialisdn.net (mail.dialisdn.net [208.236.0.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA62506 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:08:06 -0500 (EST) Received: from jmcmanus (ppp-hwd1-17.dialisdn.com [209.118.214.81]) by mail.dialisdn.net with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2653.13) id TVT5TFSN; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:03:09 -0500 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Charles Delbeek" Cc: Subject: RE: aquarium concerns Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:07:04 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20011104133555.00b39a40@mail.waquarium.org> Importance: Normal Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1047 Hi Charles, Yes, I do find it fascinating that coral reefs seem to have resisted invasion from aquarium fish so far. Your examples from Hawaii are very helpful in that regard. My impression is that healthy coral reefs, at least, are particularly unhealthy for anything out of place. Even a fish frightened by a diver will often be devoured in a matter of seconds for being slightly more vulnerable to a barracuda or other predator than normal. This may be less true in overfished reef areas. There may be a high critical threshold in starting a new population -- which has implications in particular for the resilience of Hawaiian reefs to local extinctions. I'm quite worried about mass culture facilities in out-of-normal-range locations providing the critical thresholds during hurricanes. Thus, the recent discovery of exotic coral facilities in the Caribbean is worrying. Then there is always the problem of "low probability over long periods of time and large numbers of trials". However, I would opt for the greatest immediate concern being put on mass culture and holding facilities in unnatural locations. Cheers! John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: Charles Delbeek [mailto:delbeek@waquarium.org] Sent: Sunday, November 04, 2001 7:10 PM To: jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: aquarium concerns At 12:20 PM 11/2/2001 -0500, you wrote: >Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from >PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the >Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways >other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should >seek to limit all sources. John: Not to say your point is without merit but in Hawaii tropical marine fish have been imported into this state for decades, and there have been numerous releases over that time span, however, there has not been a single incident of any aquarium fish forming a reproducing population here that I am aware of. I would hazard to guess that the same may also occur in Florida. Yes you do occasionally see sightings of Centropyge flavissimus in Kaneohe Bay and elsewhere around Oahu and the odd damsel here and there, but that's about it. Where there has been catastrophic changes have been when the state government, despite advise from scientific consultants released fishes here such as the bluestripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, and the peacock grouper, Cephalopholis argus, the snapper in particular has been implicated in the decline of local snapper species. There have also been attempts in the last few decades to seed reefs with giant clams and some corals from the south Pacific, none of which survived. In contrast, the freshwater streams and lakes on several of the islands are almost completely dominated by aquarium fishes such as cichlids and livebearers. In this case, the lack of any competition in the local freshwaters probably played a significant role. Aloha! J. Charles Delbeek Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium 2777 Kalakaua Ave. Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 808-923-9741 808-923-1771 FAX ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 11:22:24 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA09620; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 11:22:23 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA04037; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:19:59 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004026; Mon, 5 Nov 01 15:19:49 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCGBH00.2BI for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 15:16:29 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCGNN00.TGY; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 12:23:47 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA23992; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 12:23:47 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA2Tay1U; Mon, 5 Nov 01 12:23:46 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA59494 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 20:20:17 GMT Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 20:20:17 GMT Message-Id: <200111052020.UAA59494@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Jaap, Walt" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Suject: Statistical Workshop Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1048 Multivariate Statistical Analysis Workshop The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, the Wildlife Foundation of Florida and Primer-E announce a workshop, 5-8 February, 2002 at the Florida Marine Research Institute laboratories, 100 8th Ave SE St. Petersburg, Florida. The workshop instructor will be Dr. K. Robert Clarke, one of the creators of the Primer package of multivariate software. Dr. Clarke has published numerous papers that have pioneered the use of multivariate statistics to look at changes in marine communities. Workshop costs and Logistics The workshop costs (US$) are: Tuition: $500 Full-time, registered University Student: $350 In addition, all participants are expected to purchase a single user license of Primer version 5, if they do not already own one. The following discounted license prices are offered to workshop participants: Single-user license $630 (normal cost is $840). Academic (Faculty, Researcher, Student, Staff) single-user license $315 (normal cost is $420). If you are currently a registered owner of Primer Version 4 for DOS, you can upgrade to Primer v5 for the following prices: Single-user upgrade license: $315 (normal cost is $420). Academic single-user upgrade license: $157 (normal cost is $210). It is recommended that each attendee bring a portable PC to the workshop, on which PRIMER is installed (or to be installed) and used for the practical sessions. For those PCs on which PRIMER is to be installed, they should possess a CD-ROM drive, run Windows 95 or later (98, NT, ME, 2000, etc.) and also have installed a copy of Excel 97 (or later). Travel and Lodging St. Petersburg is served by Tampa International and St. Petersburg-Clearwater International Airports. Regular service by most major carriers is available. The FMRI laboratories are located on the University of South Florida Bayboro Campus at the end of First Street South, approximately 10 minutes from exit 9 (I-175) on US Interstate 275. More information on lodging and directions are available on the FMRI website at: http://www.floridamarine.org/docs/map_directions2.pdf Hotels in 10-15 minute walking distance of the FMRI laboratories include: Bayboro Inn: 727-823-0498 Hilton: 727-894-5000 Beach Park: 727-898-6325 Ponce deLeon: 727-550-9300 Heritage-Holiday Inn: 727-321-2958 To Register please complete the attached course registration form and return with payment. Note that all course participants must have a licensed copy of PRIMER version 5. Participants who need to purchase PRIMER or upgrade their current version of PRIMER can do so by completing the attached PRIMER purchase form and returning it with payment directly to PRIMER-E. Questions regarding the course may be directed to: Walter Jaap, Florida Marine Research Institute 100 8th Ave. SE Saint Petersburg, FL 33701 727-896-8626 email: walt.jaap@fwc.state.fl.us Questions regarding purchase or upgrade of PRIMER software may be directed to: Cathy Clarke, PRIMER-E Ltd 6 Hedingham Gardens Roborough Plymouth PL6 7DX United Kingdom Tel/Fax: +44 1752 783366 E-mail: admin@primer-e.com Workshop Content The workshop will take place over four days. It will cover the statistical analysis of assemblage data (species by sample matrices of abundance/biomass/area cover etc) which arise in a diverse range of applications in environmental science and ecology. Data sets include local environmental impact assessments, basic biological studies (e.g. of dietary composition), and wide scale monitoring of biodiversity change. The methods covered are generic and applicable in terrestrial, freshwater, palaeontological etc contexts. Examples used in the workshop will all be from marine and estuarine studies. Many of these are of soft sediment, coral reef or fish assemblages monitored for environmental impacts resulting from marine oil operations, organic enrichment, physical disturbance, climate change etc, but also covered are more fundamental studies, linking faunal patterns to physico-chemical variables, and analysing field and mesocosm experiments. Dr K R Clarke, an honorary fellow of the Plymouth Marine Laboratory, will lead the workshop; he is a researcher in ecological statistics and has worked for many years at the PML, where he was responsible for adapting and developing the methods underlying the PRIMER package. The programme will be a mixture of lectures on the methodology and computer practical sessions, analysing real case studies, combined with the opportunity for participants to bring some of their own data to the workshop, for initial analysis. The emphasis throughout is on practical application and interpretation, the theoretical aspects (e.g. the multivariate statistical methods) being designed to be robust and easy to understand, so that prior statistical knowledge is not a prerequisite. The exercises throughout the workshop will develop skills in operating PRIMER and interpreting its results. The exposition will cover the features available in the PRIMER v5 (for Windows) package (Plymouth Routines In Multivariate Ecological Research). The workshop will consider univariate, graphical and multivariate routines: hierarchical clustering into sample (or species) groups (CLUSTER); ordination by non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) and principal components (PCA) to summarise patterns in species composition and environmental variables. Participants will learn permutation-based hypothesis testing (ANOSIM), an analogue of univariate ANOVA which tests for differences between groups of (multivariate) samples from different times, locations, experimental treatments etc, and identifying the species primarily providing the discrimination between two observed sample clusters (SIMPER). Additionally, lectures will cover linking of multivariate biotic patterns to suites of environmental variables (BIO-ENV); comparative (Mantel-type) tests on similarity matrices (RELATE); standard diversity indices; dominance plots; aggregation of arrays to allow data analysis at higher taxonomic levels; and matching of sample patterns from different faunal arrays. The latter is accomplished by BVSTEP, a stepwise algorithm generalising BIO-ENV, which can be used, for example, to find 'influential species', and 2STAGE, a second-stage MDS in which relationships between a large set of ordinations can be visualised. A further unique feature of PRIMER v5 is the ability to calculate biodiversity indices based on the taxonomic distinctness or relatedness of the species making up a quantitative sample or species list, indices whose statistical properties are robust to variations in sampling effort. These routines (TAXDTEST) allow formal hypothesis tests for change in biodiversity structure at a location, by comparison with a regional 'species pool', and permit valid comparisons of biodiversity patterns over wide space and time scales, when sampling effort is not controlled. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation of Assemblage Data from Environmental Studies, using PRIMER for Windows (v5) Workshop Programme Tuesday, February 5, 2002 09:00-09:15 Introduction 09:15-10:30 Lecture: Measures of similarity of species abundance/biomass between samples, including the effects of data transformation 10:30-10:45 Coffee break 10:45-11:30 Lecture: Hierarchical clustering (CLUSTER) 11:30-13:00 Practical session on installing PRIMER, CLUSTER and reading in 'own data'* 13:00-14:15 Lunch break 14:15-15:15 Lecture: Ordination by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) 15:15-15:30 Coffee break 15:30-16:30 Lecture: Ordination by Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) 16:30-17:45 Practical session on MDS and 'own data' Wednesday, February 6, 2002 09:00-10:30 Lecture: Testing for differences between groups of samples (ANOSIM, 1- and 2-way) 10:30-10:45 Coffee break 10:45-11:30 Practical session on 1- and 2-way ANOSIM 11:30-12:00 Lecture: Determining species which discriminate two groups of samples (SIMPER) 12:00-13:00 Practical session on SIMPER and 'own data' 13:00-14:15 Lunch break 14:15-14:45 Lecture: Diversity measures (DIVERSE) and dominance curves 14:45-15:15 Practical session on DIVERSE and dominance curves 15:15-15:30 Coffee break 15:30-16:30 Lecture: Taxonomic distinctness as a biodiversity measure (TAXDTEST) 16:30-17:45 Practical session on TAXDTEST and 'own data' Thursday, February 7, 2002 09:00-10:30 Lecture: Linking community analyses to environmental variables (BIO-ENV) 10:30-10:45 Coffee break 10:45-11:45 Practical session on PCA, draftsman plots, BIO-ENV and 'own data' 11:45-12:30 Lecture: Multivariate measures of impact: meta-analyses, seriation (RELATE) and dispersion (MVDISP) 12:30-13:00 Practical session on RELATE 13:00-17:00 Lunch, and a canoe-kayak adventure in Weedon Island Mangrove forest Friday, February 8, 2002 09:00-10:30 Lecture: Comparison of ordinations I: Testing in a 2-way layout with no replication (ANOSIM2) and species subsets determining overall pattern (BVSTEP) 10:30-10:45 Coffee break 10:45-11:30 Practical session on ANOSIM2 and BVSTEP or 'own data' 11:30-12:00 Lecture: Comparisons of ordinations II: 2nd stage MDS (2STAGE) 12:00-12:45 Practical session on 2STAGE or 'own data' 12:45-13:00 Wind-up session: any remaining questions 13:00- Lunch and depart *Participants should bring any 'own data' they wish to try out in these sessions in the form of simple rectangular arrays with (say) species as rows and samples as columns, the entries being numeric (counts or % area cover or biomass etc), stored as an Excel spreadsheet. Further case studies can be provided for these sessions for participants who do not have a convenient example data set from their own studies to hand. Registration: Multivariate Statistical Analysis Workshop Registration Florida Marine Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Florida February 5-8, 2002 Name:________________________________________________ Affiliation:_____________________________________________ Address:_______________________________________________ ________________________________________________ PHONE:_________________________FAX:__________________________ e-mail:_______________________________ Fee:___________________________________ Full Registration: $500.00 Full-time, registered University Student: $350 [include documentation] Note you must possess PRIMER v5 to participate. To purchase or upgrade PRIMER at a discounted rate, please use attached PRIMER purchase/upgrade form. Method of payment in US dollars Make Checks to: Wildlife Foundation of Florida Credit Card (Visa Only) Card Number:__________________________ Expiration Date:____________________ Authorized Signature:_____________________________ Remit Payment to: Jeanne Hoyt FWC Florida Marine Research Institute 100 8th Avenue SE St. Petersburg, FL 33701 Phone: (727) 896-8626 Email: jeanne.hoyt@fwc.state.fl.us PRIMER Purchase/Upgrade Form Name:________________________________________________ Affiliation:_____________________________________________ Address:_______________________________________________ ________________________________________________ PHONE:_________________________FAX:__________________________ e-mail:_______________________________ Fee:___________________________________ The following discounted license prices are offered to workshop participants: Single-user license $630 (normal cost is $840). Academic (Faculty, Researcher, Student, Staff) single-user license $315 (normal cost is $420). If you are currently a registered owner of Primer Version 4 for DOS, you can upgrade to Primer v5 for the following prices: Single-user upgrade license: $315 (normal cost is $420). Academic single-user upgrade license: $157 (normal cost is $210). Method of payment in US dollars Make Checks to: PRIMER-E Credit Card (Visa or Master Card only) Card Number:__________________________ Expiration Date:____________________ Authorized Signature:_____________________________ Remit Payment to: PRIMER-E Ltd 6 Hedingham Gardens Roborough Plymouth PL6 7DX United Kingdom Tel/Fax: +44 1752 783366 E-mail: admin@primer-e.com http://www.primer-e.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 12:10:40 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA10306; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 12:10:39 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA04796; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:08:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004783; Mon, 5 Nov 01 16:07:49 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCIJI00.4AE for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:04:30 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCIVO00.5VE; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:11:48 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA01076; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:11:47 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA_4aqec; Mon, 5 Nov 01 13:11:47 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA62795 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 21:08:30 GMT Received: from mail.dialisdn.net (mail.dialisdn.net [208.236.0.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA63073 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:08:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from jmcmanus (ppp-hwd1-17.dialisdn.com [209.118.214.81]) by mail.dialisdn.net with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2653.13) id TVT5TF7C; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:03:10 -0500 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" Cc: "Liana Talaue McManus" Subject: Alternative livelihoods Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:07:04 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0016_01C16613.E998C6C0" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Importance: Normal X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1049 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0016_01C16613.E998C6C0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA62795 In considering the pros and cons of the aquarium industry, tourism, etc. = as means of alleviating fishing pressure, it is important to have some idea = of the magnitude of the problem. There is a rule of thumb that in a fishery = in which most fishers are barely making a living (and a few other but common criteria), the reduction in fishing effort necessary to achieve a reasona= ble effort target (the Maximum Economic Yield, MEY) is about 60%. Thus, if yo= u have a reef with 1,000 impoverished fishers, you should try to find alternative livelihoods to get 600 of them out of the fishery, or to redu= ce the fishing time across a larger percentage of them to achieve the same reduction in effort. Coastal coral reefs often have tens to hundreds of fishers per square mile. In more crowded and hence more desperate situations, children often fish, or gather, and thus do not spend much ti= me in school. This lowers the trainability for alternative livelihoods. Ther= e is also often a strong social/personal drive, such that small-scale fishe= rs often continue fishing while suffering a net loss, subsidized by income f= rom offspring working in cities.=20 Finding alternative livelihoods is a very frustrating task, but a vital o= ne. The best approach often involves a variety of approaches and various type= s of reorganization in coastal communities as part of integrated coastal management. Because the coastlines are so long and the problem so dauntin= g (there may be 30 million people dependent on coral reef fisheries), we ho= pe for crude improvements over large areas more than major successes in a fe= w sites. The International Coral Reef Action Network (ICRAN) includes an emphasis on improving community to community transfer of improved coastal management, via means including transporting people to learn from demonstration sites. Note that this is an example where the science may = be sufficient but the organization and development funding may not be. Bette= r science (biophysical and socioeconomic) will help immensely, but we concurrently need to implement what we know. We need to scale up both th= e science and the on-the-ground action.=20 So, there is a scramble to find ways to reduce fishing on reefs, and many concurrent approaches will be necessary. For more on the 60% rule, see:=20 McManus, J.W. 1996. Social and economic aspects of reef fisheries and th= eir management. Chapter 10. p. 249-181. In: N. Polunin and C. Roberts (eds.) Coral Reef Fisheries. Chapman and Hall. 477 p. For more on community-oriented ICM, try: Talaue-McManus, L. Integrated Coastal Management. The Philippine Experien= ce, pp. 213-227 In: B. von Bodungen and R. K. Turner (eds.) Science and Integrated Coastal Management. Dahlem University Press, 2001, 378 p. Talaue-McManus, L., A. C. Yambao, S. G. Salmo, P. M. Ali=F1o. 1999. Participatory planning for coastal development in Bolinao, Philippines. I= n: D. Buckles (ed.) Conflict and Collaboration In Natural Resource Managemen= t, pp. 148-157. International Development Research Centre/ World Bank, Ottaw= a, Canada, 273 p. For more on the ICRAN, see: www.icran.org. Cheers! John =20 _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149.=20 jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu=20 Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org ------=_NextPart_000_0016_01C16613.E998C6C0 Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 eJ8+IgUVAQaQCAAEAAAAAAABAAEAAQeQBgAIAAAA5AQAAAAAAADoAAEIgAcAGAAAAElQTS5NaWNy b3NvZnQgTWFpbC5Ob3RlADEIAQ2ABAACAAAAAgACAAEGgAMADgAAANEHCwAFABAABgAAAAEA/wAB A5AGAIANAAAiAAAACwACAAEAAAALACMAAAAAAAMAJgAAAAAACwApAAAAAAADADYAAAAAAB4AcAAB AAAAGAAAAEFsdGVybmF0aXZlIGxpdmVsaWhvb2RzAAIBcQABAAAAFgAAAAHBZj3HuohxklHR8xHV nT0AADmXdxkAAAIBHQwBAAAAHgAAAFNNVFA6Sk1DTUFOVVNAUlNNQVMuTUlBTUkuRURVAAAACwAB DgAAAABAAAYOAOyIqz1mwQECAQoOAQAAABgAAAAAAAAAEpktb+OI1BGdOwAAOZd3GcKAAAALAB8O AQAAAAIBCRABAAAAmgkAAJYJAACTDwAATFpGdfSJtygDAAoAcmNwZzEyNRYyAPgLYG4OEDAzM08B 9wKkA+MCAGNoCsBz8GV0MCAHEwKDAFADVPECAHBycQ5QENgHbQKDvxLhBGQQyQhVB7ICgH0KgZJ2 CJB3awuAZDQMYH5jAFALAwu2CrEKhAqASR8DoAWgAIEEgQuAZyB0aGhlIBKwbwQgAHBkERmzIG9m 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From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 12:41:50 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA10760; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 12:41:49 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA05322; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:39:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma005300; Mon, 5 Nov 01 16:39:07 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCJZO00.QAX for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:35:48 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMCKBU00.UN3; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:43:06 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA06813; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 13:43:05 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAADzaGsn; Mon, 5 Nov 01 13:43:05 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA63148 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 21:38:35 GMT Received: from maggie.pixi.com (mail.pixi.com [206.127.224.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA59429 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 16:38:01 -0500 (EST) Received: from computer (dialup-84-70-133.pixi.com [209.84.70.133]) by maggie.pixi.com (8.11.6/8.11.6) with SMTP id fA5LN8512634 for ; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 11:23:09 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <200111052123.fA5LN8512634@maggie.pixi.com> X-Sender: pholthus@mail.pixi.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0.1 Date: Mon, 05 Nov 2001 11:29:54 -1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Paul Holthus Subject: Environmentally sound aquarium trade Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1050 Dear Coral List,

Regarding the discussion about the effect of aquarium fish and coral collection on coral reefs, you may be interested to learn about the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) - an international organization that brings together stakeholders concerned about the future of reefs and the marine aquarium trade.

Marine aquarium industry participants, environment NGOs, government agencies, public aquariums and other stakeholders are working together through MAC to develop international standards, certification and labeling for sustainability in the collection, culture and commerce in marine aquarium organisms.

The collection and export of marine aquarium organisms can be based on quality and sustainability and achieve a balance between reef health, aquarium animal collection, and the local and national economic benefits. This is proved by the many successful industry operations that use high quality, non-destructive practices, maintaining healthy reefs and providing aquarium organisms with minimal mortality.

Most aquarists would prefer to support this kind of industry. However, there is currently no system in place to identify and document quality products and sustainable practices and allow the consumer to reward these. Independent standards, certification and labeling are the most useful means to ensure that the market requires and supports quality products and sustainable practices in the marine ornamentals industry.

The demand from informed consumers for sustainable products and practices creates an incentive for industry to adopt and adhere to. Market assessments show that there is a strong demand for environmental responsibility in the marine aquarium industry and that this demand will increase rapidly when there is a comprehensive, international, independent certification system.

MAC is an international multi-stakeholder institution that brings together aquarists, the aquarium industry, conservation organizations, government agencies, and public aquariums to:
=B7       Develop standards for quality products and sustainable practices;
=B7       Establish a system to certify compliance with these standards and label the results; and
=B7       Create consumer demand and confidence for certification and labeling.

In addition, MAC is:
=B7       Raising public awareness of the role of the marine aquarium industry and hobby in conserving coral reefs and other marine ecosystems;
=B7       Assembling and disseminating accurate data relevant to the collection and care of ornamental marine life; and
=B7       Encouraging responsible husbandry by the industry and hobby through education and training.

The Council is now fully established and recognized as the lead organization for developing and coordinating efforts to ensure sustainability in the international trade of marine ornamentals. The rapidly growing MAC Network consists of more than 2700 individuals in 60 countries from industry, hobby, government and environmental organizations. Network members receive regular information via the "MAC News" bulletins every 2-3 months and via the MAC website (www.aquarium= council.org) where you can fill out a simple form to join the Network (at no cost). The broad basis for MAC support is reflected in the current membership of the MAC Board, which includes the world's leading conservation organiszations, aquatic trade associations and public aquariums. In addition, MAC has close partnerships with organizations such as: UNEP-WCMC, the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network/Reef Check, SewWeb, and others, and regularly participates in the ICRI Coordination and Planning Committee.

Developing the standards of practice and certification system is at the core of MAC's efforts. Following several years of work by stakeholders around the world, the working draft of the standards was produced. These are now being tested and the Certification will be launched as operational at the Marine Ornamentals Confernce in Orlando Florida in late November 2001.

By working with MAC, the responsible aquarist can support the conservation of coral reefs and ensure the long-term supply of healthy reef organisms through sustainable practices. Many environment groups are strong supporters of developing an environmentally sound industry and hobby that minimizes fish mortality, conserves reef habitat and ensures sustainable reef-based income generating possibilities in developing countries. The world's largest conservation organizations believe in this and are working through MAC to ensure the long-term future of a sustainable marine aquarium trade and hobby.

If you would like to keep in touch with these developments, I would encourage you to visit our web site: www.aquariumc= ouncil.org and submit the short form to subscribe to the MAC network.

Sincerely,

Paul Holthus
Executive Director
Marine Aquarium Council

923 Nu=92uanu Ave., Honolulu, Hawaii USA 96817
Phone: (+1 808) 550-8217    Fax: (+1 808) 550-8317
Email: info@aquariumcouncil.org
Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 5 21:10:33 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id VAA14640; Mon, 5 Nov 2001 21:10:33 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id BAA08863; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 01:08:10 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma008859; Tue, 6 Nov 01 01:07:56 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMD7JO00.5C3 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 01:04:36 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMD7VV00.TN6; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 01:11:55 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id BAA03170; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 01:11:54 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAT2aimg; Tue, 6 Nov 01 01:11:54 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA63688 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 06:07:02 GMT Received: from ceasefire.bitstream.net (ceasefire.bitstream.net [216.243.128.220]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id BAA63657 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 01:06:45 -0500 (EST) From: capman@augsburg.edu Received: (qmail 53838 invoked from network); 6 Nov 2001 06:06:33 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO ?216.243.158.223?) (216.243.158.223) by ceasefire with SMTP; 6 Nov 2001 06:06:33 -0000 Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: capman@mail.augsburg.edu (Unverified) Message-Id: In-Reply-To: References: Date: Tue, 6 Nov 2001 00:04:09 -0600 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Trees and Fish Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1051 > given the fact that >many private aquaria are "pan-tropical" and contain organisms from many >geographic locations. There would be some chance of introducing a novel >disease or other undesirable organism if aquarium corals were actually >used in this way. Along these lines I would think that in a tank with cnidarians from all around the world zooxanthellae from different oceans are possibly hopping between corals, with Caribbean zooxanthallae strains potentially taking up residence in IndoPacific corals and vice versa. If this is the case, then we would risk introducing alien zooxanthellae to reefs when reintroducing these tank-raised corals to the wild. To prevent this from happening, our captive corals originating from a given area would need to be kept completely isolated from organisms collected elsewhere. Even live rock could potentially "contaminate" corals with foreign zooxanthellae, since live rock often harbors Aiptasia or Anemonia anemones and other cnidaria potentially harboring zooxanthellae. I have no idea what the effect of this sort of zooxanthellae transfer might be on reefs I'm not an expert on zooxanthellae, but I can well imagine potential undesirable consequences. Or, maybe it would be totally benign (especially if the reef had been wiped out completely otherwise). Or, who knows, maybe additional diversity of zooxanthellae with different tolerances would increase the resilience of corals in a reef? > >My question to the reef research community is what steps the aquarium >hobby could take to increase the value of our germline holdings? There >has been some discussion of this in the hobby for several years. >Initially, I was somewhat dismissive of the idea. But things have changed >substantially over the last few years, both because of the hobby's success >in captive propagation of several species, and because things seem to be >falling apart in the wild at an accelerating pace. I'm not sure can call myself part of the reef research community, but I'm a biologist who has thought a fair bit about these issues in other contexts (e.g. in the context of terrestrial plant community restoration, and in the context of breeding programs to maintain freshwater fish such as tropical killifish). An obvious necessity would be *excellent* record keeping of the sort that freshwater killifish breeders in the American Killifish Association strive for...the original collection locations of many strains of tropical killifish in the hobby are dutifully kept track of by killifish breeders. It is viewed as a sacrilege to lose track of such information or to allow strains from different locations to interbeed. Similarly, in the better-quality prairie restoration efforts in the Midwestern U.S., great care is taken to use seed stock grown from plants originally collected in the general vicinity (e.g. within 50 miles or maybe even less) of the restoration site. This complicates restoration efforts since it means that a restoration project in Illinois, for example, can't simply buy seed from a large native plant seed farm in Kansas. Separate propagation sites need to be maintained for each location. I suspect that it is too late now to figure this information out for most of the corals in the hobby at the present time. However, reef aquarists have gotten so good at growing and propagating *many* corals that the skills of aquarists could be used to help keep newly collected corals with known history (e.g. from small deliberate collections made for conservation purposes) going and to propagate them for possible reintroductions to the wild. I think that if we were to find ourselves resorting to such drastic measures, a set of strict guidelines would need to be developed that aquarists maintaining these corals would need to follow. This begs the question of course of how to ensure that the guidelines are actually followed...... The experiences of those involved in trying to maintain captive populations of Lake Victoria cichlids (most species of which are now extinct in the wild) would be relevant here. > >The coral strains that we would have to offer are almost without exception >clonal strains. So their genetic diversity would be quite low. Yes and no. Yes, the Acropora in the hobby known as "Larry Jackson's Purple-tipped Monster", for example, is going to be genetically the same in everyone's tanks. However, for many coral species I would think the clones in the hobby come from multiple importations and thus represent a sampling of the genetic diversity in the original wild population. Furthermore, assuming multiple clones are maintained (and kept careful track of), clonal reproduction has some advantages in maintaining genetic diversity in captive populations. Repeated rounds of sexual reproduction combined with a small breeding population results in a loss of genetic diversity due to the loss of heterozygosity (and the genetic drift) that is hard to avoid when there is inbreeding in a small population. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, maintains the presumably highly heterozygous genomes of wild-collected organisms indefinitely (aside from any possible effects of somatic mutations). It seems to me that the important thing in such captive coral maintenance programs would be to have multiple clones of a given species maintained in as many different aquaria as possible (to reduce the risk of total loss of a clone if a given system crashed), and to keep very close track of which clone is which and where each came from. Bill ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 08:30:00 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA23746; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 08:29:59 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA19093; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 12:27:36 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma019080; Tue, 6 Nov 01 12:27:06 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME2ZH00.PE1 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 12:23:41 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME3BO00.JFJ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 09:31:00 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07646; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 09:31:00 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA2Aay5o; Tue, 6 Nov 01 09:30:59 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA65412 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 17:22:33 GMT Received: from mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (mailsrv2.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.87.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA65297 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 12:22:20 -0500 (EST) Received: from [134.106.175.35] (tupper.biologie.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.175.35]) by mailsrvd.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de (8.11.1/8.11.3/20.02.2001) with ESMTP id fA6HUhL05554; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:30:43 +0100 X-Sender: 6396460@mail.uni-oldenburg.de Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Date: Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:14:47 +0100 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, PORIFERA@JISCMAIL.AC.UK From: "christine.schoenberg" Subject: happy penguins X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA65161 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id RAA65412 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1052 Just a short message to you all, and a good one, too: The Fondacion Otway won their lawsuit and will be allowed to continue the= ir good work on Chilean penguins. A big thanks to all of you who wrote supportive letters!!! Some of those emails were even mentioned in the newspapers. Isn't that a good feeling, when for a change you have some influence on environmental issues? Cheers, Christine Dr. Christine Sch=F6nberg, PhD Dept. of Zoosystematics & Morphology FB 7 - Biology, Geo- & Environmental Sciences Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg 26111 OLDENBURG GERMANY ph +49-441-7983373 fax +49-441-7983162 email christine.schoenberg@mail.uni-oldenburg.de when travelling: christineaway@gmx.net internet http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/zoomorphology/Whoiswho.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 10:11:53 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA25833; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 10:11:52 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA21552; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:09:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021530; Tue, 6 Nov 01 14:08:47 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME7P300.BDK for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:05:27 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME81A00.P2V; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:12:46 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA13713; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:12:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVaaOVA; Tue, 6 Nov 01 14:12:45 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA65272 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 19:09:23 GMT Received: from mail.auracom.com (mail.auracom.com [216.126.204.211]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA65633 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:08:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from QDEBIMACK@auracom.auracom.com [165.154.191.33] by mail.auracom.com with ESMTP (SMTPD32-6.06) id A5B22000042; Tue, 06 Nov 2001 12:10:42 -0700 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.1.20011106143049.00a4ee50@mail.auracom.com> X-Sender: debimack@mail.auracom.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Tue, 06 Nov 2001 15:18:52 -0400 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Debbie MacKenzie Subject: Tropical corals and temperate barnacles - a common declining theme? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=====================_27684611==_.ALT" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1054 --=====================_27684611==_.ALT Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Dear Coral-list, A large amount of scientific attention in recent years has been directed toward studying the fate of corals, tropical sessile plankton-feeding invertebrates. And disturbing negative developments affecting these populations have been well documented (...this is clearly not news to this group, but bear with me, I still think that I have something useful to offer.) Human nature being what it is, the commercial value that we perceive to be associated with healthy corals has probably been the main driver of this area of scientific research. In the temperate zones populations of sessile plankton-feeding invertebrates also exist, but they have been, and continue to be, generally considered to hold no 'value' to humans. Therefore scant attention has been paid to their fate as changes evolve in the marine ecosystem. A case in point is the common barnacle that inhabits rocky intertidal habitat in temperate zones worldwide. Detailed descriptive studies of barnacle physiology have been done, but it has proven impossible (for me, at least) to find population assessment work on barnacles that documents changes occurring over time. A bit of research confirmed my suspicions, however, that populations of barnacles exposed to the clean open ocean have been undergoing a decline (this is true, at least in Nova Scotia, Atlantic Canada, as described in the barnacle article recently posted on my website: http://www.fisherycrisis.com/barnacles.html ). It appears to me that there may be a common theme underlying the decline of temperate barnacles and the decline of tropical corals. It struck me particularly when looking at the changes that have occurred, over the last 50 years, on a previously barnacle-dominated reef at Hall's Harbour, Nova Scotia (see pictures and description of Hall's Harbour in the "findings" section of my barnacle article: http://www.fisherycrisis.com/barnacles.html#D ). The decrease in barnacle cover and increase in macroalgal cover that has occurred at this location seemed to me to echo the accounts of similar transformations that have occurred in tropical coral reefs over recent decades. Could changes in plankton, specifically a decline in the abundance of zooplankton in oceanic waters, be what has triggered and is being reflected in these changing pictures of stationary plankton feeding populations? Declines in oceanic zooplankton abundance have been well documented in temperate zones, but I've yet to see reports of similar studies in the tropics. My previous inquiries to this list regarding trends in tropical zooplankton abundance didn't turn up any information on the topic - does it exist? The macroalgal overgrowth is interesting, especially when it occurs in clean water (where nutrient-enhancement, if it has indeed occured, has been at below detectable levels - this is true in some deteriorating tropical locations - no?) I think that it bears pointing out that macroalgae can thrive in nutrient-poor waters more successfully than can plankton (or plankton feeders). From the book "Seaweed Ecology and Physiology" by Lobban and Harrison (1994), p 203: "Extensive analysis of the chemical composition of marine plankton has revealed that the ratio relating carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus is 106 : 16 : 1 (by atoms) (i.e. C : N = 7 : 1 and N : P = 16 : 1). This is commonly referred to as the Redfield ratio. Decomposition of this organic matter occurs according to the same ratio. However, Atkinson and Smith (1983) have recently shown that benthic marine macroalgae and seagrasses are much more depleted in phosphorus and less depleted in nitrogen, relative to carbon, than are phytoplankton. The median ratio C : N : P for seaweeds is about 550 : 30 : 1 (I.e., C : N = 18 : 1 and N : P = 30 : 1). An important ramification of these observations is that the amounts of nutrients required to support a particular level of net production are much lower for macroalgae than for phytoplankton. In addition, seaweeds, on average, should be less prone to phosphorus limitation with their N : P ratio of 30 : 1 than are phytoplankton, with an N : P ratio of 16 : 1. The high C : N : P ratios in seaweeds are thought to be due to their large amounts of structural and storage carbon, which vary taxonomically. Niell (1976) found higher C : N ratios in the Phaeophyceae than in either the Chlorophyceae or Rhodophyceae. The average carbohydrate and protein contents of seaweeds have been estimated at about 80% and 15%, respectively, of the ash-free dry weight (Atkinson and Smith 1983). In contrast, the average carbohydrate and protein contents of phytoplankton are 35% and 50%, respectively (Parsons et al. 1977)." Therefore a marine ecosystem that was experiencing a steady decline in total 'nutrient inventory' might be expected to display a decline in plankton and plankton-feeders first, with an advantage then being dealt to macroalgae in areas where they previously were in competition for space with those plankton feeders. If the decline in plankton-feeders was caused by increasing levels of malnutrition, what signs and symptoms would be expected? It seems to me that the array of problems that have appeared in corals in recent decades pretty well sums up the picture that would be predicted: loss of the heavier feeders first (e.g. Acropora), weakened immune systems and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and possibly malignancies, decreased ability to withstand environmental stressors such as intense light and higher temperatures, increased likelihood of dying during the annual season of least food availability. The increasing presence of cyanobacteria in different forms (overgrowing corals, free floating blooms) would also be a predictable systemic reaction to a decreasing nitrogen-content in the system. (Regarding the disappearing barnacles, I obviously have no information on what pathologies preceded their demise. All I have is the evidence today of their absence from areas that they previously dominated...and some pretty strong clues that relative increased food availability is the major factor determining which areas continue to support barnacle growth.) I do realize that some polluted coastal areas do have elevated levels of nitrogen and other nutrients, and all sorts of consequences of that. But the major bulk of oceanic water has not been measurably affected by nutrient enhancement - and it's critical to also figure out exactly what is changing in the 'clean' seawater. I also realize that there are very significant differences between corals and barnacles. But the main features that they do have in common - being small sessile plankton-feeding animals that are gradually disappearing from (clean) marine habitat - may provide a useful clue as to "what is wrong with this picture?" Just thought I'd run this one by you... All opinions greatly appreciated, Debbie MacKenzie http://www.fisherycrisis.com/barnacles.html --=====================_27684611==_.ALT Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear Coral-list,

A large amount of scientific attention in recent years has been directed toward studying the fate of corals, tropical sessile plankton-feeding invertebrates. And disturbing negative developments affecting these populations have been well documented (...this is clearly not news to this group, but bear with me, I still think that I have something useful to offer.) Human nature being what it is, the commercial value that we perceive to be associated with healthy corals has probably been the main driver of this area of scientific research.

In the temperate zones populations of sessile plankton-feeding invertebrates also exist, but they have been, and continue to be, generally considered to hold no 'value' to humans. Therefore scant attention has been paid to their fate as changes evolve in the marine ecosystem. A case in point is the common barnacle that inhabits rocky intertidal habitat in temperate zones worldwide. Detailed descriptive studies of barnacle physiology have been done, but it has proven impossible (for me, at least) to find population assessment work on barnacles that documents changes occurring over time. A bit of research confirmed my suspicions, however, that populations of barnacles exposed to the clean open ocean have been undergoing a decline (this is true, at least in Nova Scotia, Atlantic Canada, as described in the barnacle article recently posted on my website: http://www.fisherycrisis.com/barnacles.html ).

It appears to me that there may be a common theme underlying the decline of temperate barnacles and the decline of tropical corals. It struck me particularly when looking at the changes that have occurred, over the last 50 years, on a previously barnacle-dominated reef at Hall's Harbour, Nova Scotia (see pictures and description of Hall's Harbour in the "findings" section of my barnacle article: http://www.fisherycrisis.com/barnacles.html#D ). The decrease in barnacle cover and increase in macroalgal cover that has occurred at this location seemed to me to echo the accounts of similar transformations that have occurred in tropical coral reefs over recent decades. Could changes in plankton, specifically a decline in the abundance of zooplankton in oceanic waters, be what has triggered and is being reflected in these changing pictures of stationary plankton feeding populations? Declines in oceanic zooplankton abundance have been well documented in temperate zones, but I've yet to see reports of similar studies in the tropics. My previous inquiries to this list regarding trends in tropical zooplankton abundance didn't turn up any information on the topic - does it exist?

The macroalgal overgrowth is interesting, especially when it occurs in clean water (where nutrient-enhancement, if it has indeed occured, has been at below detectable levels - this is true in some deteriorating tropical locations - no?) I think that it bears pointing out that macroalgae can thrive in nutrient-poor waters more successfully than can plankton (or plankton feeders).

From the book "Seaweed Ecology and Physiology" by Lobban and Harrison (1994), p 203:

"Extensive analysis of the chemical composition of marine plankton has revealed that the ratio relating carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus is 106 : 16 : 1 (by atoms) (i.e. C : N =3D 7 : 1 and N : P =3D 16 : 1). This is commonly referred to as the Redfield ratio. Decomposition of this organic matter occurs according to the same ratio. However, Atkinson and Smith (1983) have recently shown that benthic marine macroalgae and seagrasses are much more depleted in phosphorus and less depleted in nitrogen, relative to carbon, than are phytoplankton. The median ratio C : N : P for seaweeds is about 550 : 30 : 1 (I.e., C : N =3D 18 : 1 and N : P =3D 30 = : 1). An important ramification of these observations is that the amounts of nutrients required to support a particular level of net production are much lower for macroalgae than for phytoplankton. In addition, seaweeds, on average, should be less prone to phosphorus limitation with their N : P ratio of 30 : 1 than are phytoplankton, with an N : P ratio of 16 : 1. The high C : N : P ratios in seaweeds are thought to be due to their large amounts of structural and storage carbon, which vary taxonomically. Niell (1976) found higher C : N ratios in the Phaeophyceae than in either the Chlorophyceae or Rhodophyceae. The average carbohydrate and protein contents of seaweeds have been estimated at about 80% and 15%, respectively, of the ash-free dry weight (Atkinson and Smith 1983). In contrast, the average carbohydrate and protein contents of phytoplankton are 35% and 50%, respectively (Parsons et al. 1977)."

Therefore a marine ecosystem that was experiencing a steady decline in total 'nutrient inventory' might be expected to display a decline in plankton and plankton-feeders first, with an advantage then being dealt to macroalgae in areas where they previously were in competition for space with those plankton feeders.

If the decline in plankton-feeders was caused by increasing levels of malnutrition, what signs and symptoms would be expected? It seems to me that the array of problems that have appeared in corals in recent decades pretty well sums up the picture that would be predicted: loss of the heavier feeders first (e.g. Acropora), weakened immune systems and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and possibly malignancies, decreased ability to withstand environmental stressors such as intense light and higher temperatures, increased likelihood of dying during the annual season of least food availability. The increasing presence of cyanobacteria in different forms (overgrowing corals, free floating blooms) would also be a predictable systemic reaction to a decreasing nitrogen-content in the system. (Regarding the disappearing barnacles, I obviously have no information on what pathologies preceded their demise. All I have is the evidence today of their absence from areas that they previously dominated...and some pretty strong clues that relative increased food availability is the major factor determining which areas continue to support barnacle growth.)

I do realize that some polluted coastal areas do have elevated levels of nitrogen and other nutrients, and all sorts of consequences of that. But the major bulk of oceanic water has not been measurably affected by nutrient enhancement - and it's critical to also figure out exactly what is changing in the 'clean' seawater. I also realize that there are very significant differences between corals and barnacles. But the main features that they do have in common - being small sessile plankton-feeding animals that are gradually disappearing from (clean) marine habitat - may provide a useful clue as to "what is wrong with this picture?"

Just thought I'd run this one by you...
All opinions greatly appreciated,

Debbie MacKenzie
h= ttp://www.fisherycrisis.com/barnacles.html --=====================_27684611==_.ALT-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 10:11:53 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA25838; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 10:11:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA21560; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:09:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021531; Tue, 6 Nov 01 14:08:47 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME7P300.4D1 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:05:27 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME81A00.RQK; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:12:46 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA22792; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:12:46 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA0iayFS; Tue, 6 Nov 01 11:12:45 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA65353 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 19:10:46 GMT Message-Id: <200111061910.TAA65353@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 06 Nov 2001 13:25:58 -0500 From: "Roger B Griffis" Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Subject: U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Mting December 5 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Apparently-To: Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1055 For Distribution Meeting Announcement: United States Coral Reef Task Force November 1, 2001 Dear Colleague: As acting Co-Chairs of the United States Coral Reef Task Force, Joseph E. Doddridge (Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks, Department of the Interior) and I cordially invite you to attend an important meeting of the United States Coral Reef Task Force on December 5, 2001 from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. The meeting will be held at the National Geographic Society main auditorium, 1145 17th Street N.W., Washington, D.C. A reception will follow from 5:00-7:00 pm. The meeting and reception are open to the public. Time will be allotted during the meeting for public comment specific to U.S. Coral Reef Task Force issues. The Task Force will consider action on a number of important issues including (1) adoption of the Task Force Charter, (2) revision of the Task Force Oversight Policy, (3) approval of a draft Strategy for implementing the U.S. National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs and (4) identification of future priorities. A complete agenda will be posted on the Task Force web site http://coralreef.gov/ prior to the meeting. With your assistance, the Task Force has played an important role in shaping U.S. efforts on coral reefs since its formation in 1998. Composed of the heads of eleven federal agencies and the Governors of seven states, territories, or commonwealths, the Task Force has helped lead U.S. efforts to address the coral reef crisis and sustainably manage the nation=92s valuable coral reef ecosystems. We encourage you t= o attend the meeting and hope your organization will continue to participate in what has been a very visible and successful effort. Please RSVP to Fatimah Taylor (PH: (301)713-3080 x214; FAX:(301)713-4263; email: Fatimah.Taylor@noaa.gov) by Friday, November 16th. There are a number of hotels within a 2 block radius. Contact Fatimah Taylor for more information. We encourage organizations to bring exhibits or brochures on their activities related to coral reefs. Exhibit viewing will be limited to the reception period. Tables will be provided for brochures or other handouts during the meeting. If you wish to set up an exhibit, please contact Fatimah Taylor to reserve exhibit space by November 16th. We look forward seeing you at the Task Force meeting. If you have any questions, please contact Roger Griffis (PH: (301-713-3155x104; email: Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov) or Susan White (PH: (202)208-6211; email: Susan_White@fws.gov). Sincerely, Scott B. Gudes Acting Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere and Administrator National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration United States Department of Commerce ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 10:12:53 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA25872; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 10:12:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA21570; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:10:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021564; Tue, 6 Nov 01 14:10:18 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME7RM00.SDB for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:06:58 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME83T00.CZM; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:14:17 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA14038; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:14:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAswaqyB; Tue, 6 Nov 01 14:14:16 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA65477 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 19:12:50 GMT Received: from magnus.amnh.org (magnus.amnh.org [209.2.162.202]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA65340 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:12:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from [209.2.163.50] (dialin-53.amnh.org [209.2.163.53]) by magnus.amnh.org (8.12.1/8.12.1) with ESMTP id fA6JBQjp004734 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:11:28 -0500 (EST) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: brumba@mail.amnh.org Message-Id: Date: Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:11:20 -0800 To: Coral Reef List Server From: Daniel Brumbaugh Subject: article on the aquarium fish collecting in Brazil Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" ; format="flowed" X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id OAA65581 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id TAA65477 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1056 For those still following the recent thread on sustainability of reef=20 resources, local communities, and the aquarium trade, a recent=20 article from the NY Times (albeit on the collection of freshwater=20 fish for aquaria collectors) will be of interest: http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/05/international/americas/05BRAZ.html I've copied the text for those without good web access. November 5, 2001 COTOVELO DO XINGU JOURNAL A Collector's Item Costs Brazilian Divers Dearly By LARRY ROHTER COTOVELO DO XINGU, Brazil - The tiny fish, among the most exotic and=20 coveted in the world, are hardly larger than a thumb. But they are=20 worth their weight in gold on a clandestine international market. Lured by that prospect of wealth, as many as 400 divers have come to=20 this remote stretch of river in the heart of the Amazon jungle,=20 plunging to ever deeper and more dangerous depths, gasping for air as=20 they surface. Their goal is to capture as many of the fish as=20 possible for collectors' aquariums, but each success makes their prey=20 even harder to catch. The level of activity here is especially high in early fall because=20 the end of the Amazon dry season is fast approaching. It is easier=20 for divers to capture the fish when water levels are so low that=20 shoals are exposed than during the six-month rainy season, which=20 begins in November. Jos=E9 Luiz Freitas da Silva, 26, is among the divers who have been=20 aggressively taking advantage of those favorable conditions. He lives=20 in a shack on the riverbank here, growing the food that he and his=20 family eat, but depends on the fish - black and white striped or=20 brightly spotted members of the catfish family - for most of his=20 income. "Every week, the dealer in Altamira sends someone out by boat to=20 collect the fish that I have captured," he said on an early fall day,=20 still wet from a series of dives, as he sorted his catch by the=20 riverbank. "This week I caught a lot of the little zebras, so I=20 expect to make about $120," a bounty by the standards of the=20 Brazilian interior, where the minimum wage is $75 a month. The fish are now considered so valuable in this remote jungle area=20 that they are being used as currency. At riverside general stores,=20 for instance, proprietors will trade food, gasoline and medicine for=20 a little zebra, the prevailing exchange rate being $4 a fish. Brazil has sought to control their sale in order to prevent the fish=20 from being wiped out. Those efforts have only encouraged a network of=20 black- market dealers more than happy to meet a persistent demand in=20 the United States, Europe and Japan, no matter what the law says in=20 Brazil. "The margin of profit in this business is obscene, as high as that of=20 cocaine," said Hor=E1cio Higuchi, a tropical fish expert at the Em=EDlio=20 Goeldi Museum in Bel=E9m, the oldest and most respected center of=20 scientific research in the Amazon. "This is a covert, cutthroat trade=20 that attracts the most dishonest kind of people precisely because=20 there is so much money to be made." While divers here say that they can expect to receive no more than $5=20 for a particularly beautiful specimen of the most prized species -=20 the delicate armored catfish, known in Portuguese as the "zebrinha,"=20 or "little zebra" - a single rare albino specimen can fetch as much=20 as $600 from collectors in Japan, Dr. Higuchi said. In addition to those working this stretch of the Xingu River, the=20 money has drawn an equal number of divers to the Tapaj=F3s and=20 Trombetas rivers, two other hotbeds of the trade, said Bruno Kempner,=20 head of a local peasant rights and environmental group. The presence of so many divers is depleting fish stocks, and the=20 scarcity is forcing the divers to take greater chances as they=20 descend deeper and into more remote corners. "Over the past year, I've heard of three cases of divers dying," said=20 M=E1rio Borges de Almeida, a former gold miner who works as a riverboat=20 pilot. "Almost everybody gets hearing damage as a result of their=20 eardrums bursting from the pressure they have to deal with at the=20 depths they are forced to dive in order to find the fish that buyers=20 want." Because of their poverty and the remoteness of the area, almost none=20 of the divers use scuba tanks, and many do not even have masks. The=20 questionable legality of what they do has also prevented them from=20 forming any kind of union, and that leaves them open to exploitation=20 by the savvier fish dealers who control the trade. "The art of capturing the fish is painful and extremely arduous, but=20 the divers are the ones who have to pay the highest price," said=20 Ant=F4nio Melo, the regional representative of the Brazilian Institute=20 for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources, a government=20 agency that is in charge of efforts to enforce protected species laws. Mr. Melo said that there was little he could do to prevent the illegal tr= affic. He has only five agents to monitor all wildlife in a jungle area that=20 is more than twice the size of New Jersey. In any case, budget=20 considerations and the lack of quick and reliable transportation=20 limit their effectiveness and their ability to reach places where=20 violations might be taking place. In an effort to blunt the traffic, 10 years ago the Brazilian=20 government compiled a list limiting the legal capture and export of=20 tropical fish to 180 species. "But that list is based on species from=20 the Rio Negro," more than 500 miles west of here, "which are=20 completely different from those we see in this part of the Amazon,"=20 Dr. Higuchi said. Tropical fish dealers, he said, have also learned to get around the=20 restrictions by routinely filing false customs declarations and=20 shipping waybills. Hoping to halt the depletion of stocks, the Brazilian fish dealers=20 and government officials are planning to draw up new recommendations=20 to expand the protected species list. But Dr. Higuchi argues that no=20 conservation effort can work without public awareness and support. "There are hundreds of species that scientists haven't even described=20 yet," he said. "But here in the state of Par=E1, people are not very=20 interested. It's ironic, but if they collect fish at all, they prefer=20 Asian species, like the goldfish." Copyright 2001 The New York Times Company --=20 NOTE: From 10/25-11/28/01, I'll be in reachable in California by email or phone at (805) 528-7401, (646) 522-6239 (cell). Dan Brumbaugh, Ph.D. Marine Program Manager American Museum of Natural History / Biodiversity Central Park West at 79th Street New York, NY 10024-5192 off: (212) 496-3494 fax: (212) 769-5292, -5277 brumba@amnh.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 10:51:13 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA26762; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 10:51:12 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA22543; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:48:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022525; Tue, 6 Nov 01 14:48:01 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME9IH00.QD7 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:44:41 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GME9UO00.HKE; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:52:00 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA28932; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:51:59 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWUaWF4; Tue, 6 Nov 01 11:51:59 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA64710 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 19:49:53 GMT Received: from wmailsrv.twu.ca (webmail.twu.ca [64.114.134.26]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA65955 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:49:32 -0500 (EST) Received: from mail pickup service by wmailsrv.twu.ca with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:49:11 -0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 x-sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" x-receiver: kehler@twu.ca Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by wmailsrv.twu.ca with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.0.2195.2966); Tue, 6 Nov 2001 11:49:09 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA65367 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:26:13 GMT X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Message-ID: <200111061826.SAA65367@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Jameal F. Samhouri" To: Subject: ichthyoplankton Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 20:44:06 -1000 X-OriginalArrivalTime: 06 Nov 2001 19:49:09.0326 (UTC) FILETIME=[19C5A6E0:01C166FC] Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1057 hello. which, if any, commercially valuable caribbean fish families/species eat enough ichthyoplankton (larvae, eggs, etc.) to consider this food source a significant portion of their diet? any ideas on references? thank you, jameal Jameal F. Samhouri Department of Organismic Biology, Ecology, and Evolution University of California, Los Angeles 621 Charles E. Young Drive South P.O. Box 951606 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606 Phone: 310.206.6514 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 7 03:40:53 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA05942; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 03:40:52 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA02388; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 07:38:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002380; Wed, 7 Nov 01 07:38:03 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFK9V00.7EW for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 07:34:43 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFKM300.0XC; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 07:42:03 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA00752; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 07:42:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABxaWDb; Wed, 7 Nov 01 07:42:02 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA67124 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 12:35:44 GMT Message-Id: <200111071235.MAA67124@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "omer polak" To: Subject: zoanthid question Date: Wed, 7 Nov 2001 12:35:33 +0200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1058 Hi all; My name is Omer and I am working on the ecology of a zoanthid from the = Gulf of Aqaba (Eilat). I believe it to be Palythoa tuberculosa, but I'm = not sure. Do any of you know of a taxonomist who would be willing to = identify specimens sent to them? I am attaching a photograph of the = typical colony morph.=20 Thank you in advance, Omer Polak Tel Aviv University, Department of Zoology. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 12:11:01 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA28565; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 12:11:00 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA24582; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:08:36 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma024563; Tue, 6 Nov 01 16:08:25 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMED8H00.VDU for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:05:05 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEDKO00.OBI; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:12:24 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA07015; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:12:23 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoIaGRn; Tue, 6 Nov 01 16:12:23 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA65916 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 21:07:06 GMT Received: from stormy.ibl.bm (stormy.ibl.bm [199.172.192.5]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA65867 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:06:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from crisis.ibl.bm ([199.172.230.196]) by stormy.ibl.bm (Post.Office MTA v3.5.3 release 223 ID# 0-69685U15500L14000S0V35) with SMTP id bm; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 17:06:30 -0400 Message-ID: <000201c16706$847e02c0$c4e6acc7@ibl.bm> From: "Jack Ward" To: , "Charles Delbeek" Cc: References: Subject: Re: aquarium concerns Date: Tue, 6 Nov 2001 10:51:42 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1059 Just as a point of interest, so far this year there have been 2 cases of Pacific Lionfish being found at Bermuda. Tropical marine fish are not legally imported into Bermuda and it is extremely unlikely that these were released locally. The logical conclusion is that there is a breeding population somewhere upstream. As Bermuda supports the most isolated tropical reef system in the Western Atlantic it appears as though the larvae of this exotic species are widely distributed. I understand that these fish are also being found in the wild in the Carolinas and Florida, probably elsewhere in the Atlantic. Cheers, Jack Ward Bermuda Aquarium , Museum and Zoo ----- Original Message ----- From: John McManus To: Charles Delbeek Cc: Sent: Monday, November 05, 2001 4:07 PM Subject: RE: aquarium concerns > Hi Charles, > > Yes, I do find it fascinating that coral reefs seem to have resisted > invasion from aquarium fish so far. Your examples from Hawaii are very > helpful in that regard. > > My impression is that healthy coral reefs, at least, are particularly > unhealthy for anything out of place. Even a fish frightened by a diver will > often be devoured in a matter of seconds for being slightly more vulnerable > to a barracuda or other predator than normal. This may be less true in > overfished reef areas. There may be a high critical threshold in starting a > new population -- which has implications in particular for the resilience of > Hawaiian reefs to local extinctions. I'm quite worried about mass culture > facilities in out-of-normal-range locations providing the critical > thresholds during hurricanes. Thus, the recent discovery of exotic coral > facilities in the Caribbean is worrying. Then there is always the problem of > "low probability over long periods of time and large numbers of trials". > However, I would opt for the greatest immediate concern being put on mass > culture and holding facilities in unnatural locations. > > Cheers! > > John > > _________________________________________________________ > > John W. McManus, PhD > Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) > Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) > University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway > Miami, Florida 33149. > jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu > Tel. (305) 361-4814 > Fax (305) 361-4600 > www.ncoremiami.org > > > > > -----Original Message----- > From: Charles Delbeek [mailto:delbeek@waquarium.org] > Sent: Sunday, November 04, 2001 7:10 PM > To: jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu > Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > Subject: Re: aquarium concerns > > > At 12:20 PM 11/2/2001 -0500, you wrote: > > >Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from > >PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the > >Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways > >other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should > >seek to limit all sources. > > John: Not to say your point is without merit but in Hawaii tropical marine > fish have been imported into this state for decades, and there have been > numerous releases over that time span, however, there has not been a single > incident of any aquarium fish forming a reproducing population here that I > am aware of. I would hazard to guess that the same may also occur in > Florida. Yes you do occasionally see sightings of Centropyge flavissimus in > Kaneohe Bay and elsewhere around Oahu and the odd damsel here and there, > but that's about it. Where there has been catastrophic changes have been > when the state government, despite advise from scientific consultants > released fishes here such as the bluestripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, and > the peacock grouper, Cephalopholis argus, the snapper in particular has > been implicated in the decline of local snapper species. There have also > been attempts in the last few decades to seed reefs with giant clams and > some corals from the south Pacific, none of which survived. > > In contrast, the freshwater streams and lakes on several of the islands are > almost completely dominated by aquarium fishes such as cichlids and > livebearers. In this case, the lack of any competition in the local > freshwaters probably played a significant role. > > Aloha! > > J. Charles Delbeek > Aquarium Biologist > Waikiki Aquarium > 2777 Kalakaua Ave. > Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 > 808-923-9741 > 808-923-1771 FAX > > > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 12:55:28 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA29531; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 12:55:27 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA25904; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:53:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma025900; Tue, 6 Nov 01 16:52:47 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEFAF00.TDZ for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:49:27 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEFMN00.72X; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:56:47 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA14657; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:56:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAeKaGNC; Tue, 6 Nov 01 16:56:45 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA65480 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 21:55:33 GMT Received: from panther.noc.ucla.edu (panther.noc.ucla.edu [169.232.10.21]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA65598 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 16:55:19 -0500 (EST) Received: from HPNOTEBOOK ([128.97.132.119]) by panther.noc.ucla.edu (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id NAA11161 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 13:55:09 -0800 (PST) From: "Reef Check Headquarters" To: Subject: Job Opening for coral reef fisheries scientist Date: Tue, 6 Nov 2001 13:55:06 -0800 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA65480 Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1060 Vacancy =96 Field-based Coral Reef Fisheries Scientist The Los Angeles-based Reef Check Foundation is seeking to hire a mid-leve= l coral reef fisheries scientist (Master=92s Degree or higher) to carry out field monitoring of both fin-fish and invertebrates targeted by the marin= e aquarium trade to start as soon as possible. The primary task will be to gather population data on coral reef fish and invertebrates, and to test = a new stock assessment monitoring protocol (MAQTRAC) specially designed for marine aquarium trade organisms. The scientist will be based almost entir= ely in the field and will carry out the work primarily in the Philippines, Indonesia and Fiji. The scientist will be supported by a field network of Reef Check, Marine Aquarium Council and IMA scientists and managers and w= ill collaborate with other partners including WWF and US NOAA. The position i= s funded for one year with possibility of renewal for a longer period. Applicants should have: 1) Excellent species-level taxonomic skills with Indo-pacific coral reef fish and a good knowledge of coral reef invertebrate taxonomy; 2) At least two years experience field monitoring coral reef fish using underwater visual census methods in the Indo-pacific region; 3) Solid understanding of and ability to work with multivariate statistic= s and standard fisheries models including surplus production and yield-per-recruit models; 4) Ability to work independently and for long periods in remote locations where English is not commonly spoken; 5) Excellent health and be willing to spend at least 50% of the work days underwater; 6) Fluency in spoken English and demonstrated ability to write high quali= ty technical reports; 7) A valid passport and ability to travel to and from the three target countries. 8) Certified diver (200+ dives). For the right person, this will be a dream position to work in exotic locations and to carry out ground-breaking, much-needed research on a hig= hly controversial fishery. This is an opportunity to develop the basic scienc= e needed to determine whether it is possible to sustainably manage the collection of coral reef fish and invertebrates for the marine aquarium trade. Applicants should send their CV, a list of three references (with email address and telephone numbers), previous salary history and expected sala= ry for this position in US$, and a cover letter providing further details ab= out how the applicant=92s experience matches the requirements to Program Mana= ger Jennifer Liebeler at Tel: (1) 310-794-4985 Fax: (1) 310-825-0758. The position will be open until filled and is open to citiz= ens of any country. The applicant should be prepared to start field work by January 1, 2002 at the latest. Jennifer ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jennifer Liebeler Program Manager Reef Check Headquarters 1362 Hershey Hall 149607 University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90095-1496 USA Office Tel: 310-794-4985 Fax: 310-825-0758 Liebeler@ucla.edu www.ReefCheck.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 14:12:52 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA00701; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:12:51 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA27201; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:10:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027182; Tue, 6 Nov 01 18:09:29 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEIU900.EEH for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:06:09 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEJ6G00.AWX; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:13:28 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA26518; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:13:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAsaaqYZ; Tue, 6 Nov 01 18:13:27 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA66152 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 23:10:45 GMT Message-Id: <200111062310.XAA66152@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 06 Nov 2001 17:27:56 -0600 To: , "Charles Delbeek" From: Joshua Feingold Subject: RE: aquarium concerns Cc: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1061 Hi John & Coral List Serve Members, Here's a Caribbean data point. On a recent dive (Sept '01) I observed a large adult Pomacanthus maculosus (a Red Sea and W. Indian Ocean native) on a shipwreck off Fort Lauderdale. In the same general locale Paul Human mentioned to me that he has observed Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Indo-W. Pacific and Indian Ocean native). Batfish were removed from KLNMS earlier (last year?). It seems that we have the "smoking gun" of non-native species being released, or that have escaped, into the wild. So, even though I don't know of any culture facilities along our coast here, there are species introductions occurring that may be associated with the aquarium trade. Cheers, Joshua Feingold National Coral Reef Institute Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center At 03:07 PM 11/05/2001 -0500, John McManus wrote: >Hi Charles, > >Yes, I do find it fascinating that coral reefs seem to have resisted >invasion from aquarium fish so far. Your examples from Hawaii are very >helpful in that regard. > >My impression is that healthy coral reefs, at least, are particularly >unhealthy for anything out of place. Even a fish frightened by a diver will >often be devoured in a matter of seconds for being slightly more vulnerable >to a barracuda or other predator than normal. This may be less true in >overfished reef areas. There may be a high critical threshold in starting a >new population -- which has implications in particular for the resilience of >Hawaiian reefs to local extinctions. I'm quite worried about mass culture >facilities in out-of-normal-range locations providing the critical >thresholds during hurricanes. Thus, the recent discovery of exotic coral >facilities in the Caribbean is worrying. Then there is always the problem of >"low probability over long periods of time and large numbers of trials". >However, I would opt for the greatest immediate concern being put on mass >culture and holding facilities in unnatural locations. > >Cheers! > >John > >_________________________________________________________ > >John W. McManus, PhD >Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) >Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) >University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway >Miami, Florida 33149. >jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu >Tel. (305) 361-4814 >Fax (305) 361-4600 >www.ncoremiami.org > > > > >-----Original Message----- >From: Charles Delbeek [mailto:delbeek@waquarium.org] >Sent: Sunday, November 04, 2001 7:10 PM >To: jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu >Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >Subject: Re: aquarium concerns > > >At 12:20 PM 11/2/2001 -0500, you wrote: > > >Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from > >PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the > >Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways > >other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should > >seek to limit all sources. > >John: Not to say your point is without merit but in Hawaii tropical marine >fish have been imported into this state for decades, and there have been >numerous releases over that time span, however, there has not been a single >incident of any aquarium fish forming a reproducing population here that I >am aware of. I would hazard to guess that the same may also occur in >Florida. Yes you do occasionally see sightings of Centropyge flavissimus in >Kaneohe Bay and elsewhere around Oahu and the odd damsel here and there, >but that's about it. Where there has been catastrophic changes have been >when the state government, despite advise from scientific consultants >released fishes here such as the bluestripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, and >the peacock grouper, Cephalopholis argus, the snapper in particular has >been implicated in the decline of local snapper species. There have also >been attempts in the last few decades to seed reefs with giant clams and >some corals from the south Pacific, none of which survived. > >In contrast, the freshwater streams and lakes on several of the islands are >almost completely dominated by aquarium fishes such as cichlids and >livebearers. In this case, the lack of any competition in the local >freshwaters probably played a significant role. > >Aloha! > >J. Charles Delbeek >Aquarium Biologist >Waikiki Aquarium >2777 Kalakaua Ave. >Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 >808-923-9741 >808-923-1771 FAX > > > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 6 14:17:54 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA00764; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 14:17:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id SAA27266; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:15:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027262; Tue, 6 Nov 01 18:15:20 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEJ4000.IEJ for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:12:00 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMEJG800.53V; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:19:20 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA27159; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:19:19 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAKZaOc1; Tue, 6 Nov 01 18:19:19 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA66015 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 23:18:02 GMT Received: from emdch-smp2.nt.gov.au (mx2.nt.gov.au [150.191.80.6]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA66076 for ; Tue, 6 Nov 2001 18:17:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from emdch-smtp1.emag.nt.gov.au (emdch-smtp1.nt.gov.au [150.191.240.47]) by emdch-smp2.nt.gov.au (Pro-8.9.3/Pro-8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA05534 for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 08:46:57 +0930 Received: from plm_au1.pwcntnet ([150.191.34.120]) by emdch-smtp1.emag.nt.gov.au (Lotus Domino Release 5.0.8) with ESMTP id 2001110708460856:53136 ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 08:46:08 +0930 Received: by plm_au1 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 08:43:08 +0930 Message-ID: From: "Gomelyuk, Victor" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Wed, 7 Nov 2001 08:43:06 +0930 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) X-MIMETrack: Itemize by SMTP Server on EMDCH-SMTP1/NTG(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 07/11/2001 08:46:08, Serialize by Router on EMDCH-SMTP1/NTG(Release 5.0.8 |June 18, 2001) at 07/11/2001 08:46:13, Serialize complete at 07/11/2001 08:46:13 Content-Type: text/plain Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1062 Debbie MacKenzie wrote: "In the temperate zones populations of sessile plankton-feeding invertebrates also exist, but they have been, and continue to be, generally considered to hold no 'value' to humans." Poor mussels, oysters and miserable scallops... Good, enthusiastic start and... Here we go again. Corals are starving! Victor Gomekyuk Dr Victor E. Gomelyuk Marine Scientist Cobourg Marine Park PO Box 496 PALMERSTON NT 0831 AUSTRALIA phone 61 (08) 8979 0244 FAX 61 (08) 8979 0246 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 7 05:04:15 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA07027; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 05:04:14 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA03612; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:01:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003600; Wed, 7 Nov 01 09:01:04 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFO4800.LE1 for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 08:57:44 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFOGF00.P7Z; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 06:05:03 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA04261; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 06:05:03 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbwa4si; Wed, 7 Nov 01 06:05:02 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA67107 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 14:00:57 GMT Received: from hermes.nos.noaa.gov (hermes.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.127.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA67839 for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:00:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from noaa.gov ([140.90.167.178]) by hermes.nos.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 hermes Jun 11 2001 16:23:30) with ESMTP id GMFO8G00.KUJ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:00:16 -0500 Message-ID: <3BE93F42.34F5F043@noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 07 Nov 2001 09:03:47 -0500 From: Billy Causey Reply-To: billy.causey@noaa.gov Organization: NOAA FKNMS X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.75C-CCK-MCD {C-UDP; EBM-APPLE} (Macintosh; U; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Joshua Feingold CC: jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu, Charles Delbeek , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, holly bourbon , Forrest Young - Dynasty Marine , #NOS OCRM FKNMS-ALL Subject: Re: aquarium concerns References: <200111062310.XAA66152@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1063 Josh, Thank you for the observations. Yes, we removed 2 adult Batfish in a cooperative effort with New England Aquarium and Dynasty Marine in Marathon. The FKNMS mostly observed the quick capture of the 2 fish. There was a third adult Batfish but it escaped capture and remains at Molasses Reef. Although these fish had been at Molasses for some time (years) we felt the need to remove these exotics to Caribbean Reefs. The two fish are now main attractions in the main aquarium at the New England Aquarium serving as "poster fish" for the cause of the woes of "exotic introductions." It is prohibited to release any exotics in the waters of the FKNMS and we would like to get the word out that exotics should not be released in the wild , regardless if it is a Sanctuary or not. While it may seem like a minor issue compared to everything else that is affecting the health of coral reef communities, it is one thing we can affect, hopefully through education. Thanks for the opportunity to put this work out and thanks to Forrest Young of Dynasty Marine and Holly Bourbon of the New England Aquarium for their partnership and initiative on this project. Cheers, Billy Joshua Feingold wrote: > Hi John & Coral List Serve Members, > > Here's a Caribbean data point. > > On a recent dive (Sept '01) I observed a large adult Pomacanthus maculosus > (a Red Sea and W. Indian Ocean native) on a shipwreck off Fort Lauderdale. > In the same general locale Paul Human mentioned to me that he has observed > Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Indo-W. Pacific and Indian Ocean native). > Batfish were removed from KLNMS earlier (last year?). It seems that we have > the "smoking gun" of non-native species being released, or that have > escaped, into the wild. > > So, even though I don't know of any culture facilities along our coast > here, there are species introductions occurring that may be associated with > the aquarium trade. > > Cheers, > > Joshua Feingold > National Coral Reef Institute > Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center > > At 03:07 PM 11/05/2001 -0500, John McManus wrote: > >Hi Charles, > > > >Yes, I do find it fascinating that coral reefs seem to have resisted > >invasion from aquarium fish so far. Your examples from Hawaii are very > >helpful in that regard. > > > >My impression is that healthy coral reefs, at least, are particularly > >unhealthy for anything out of place. Even a fish frightened by a diver will > >often be devoured in a matter of seconds for being slightly more vulnerable > >to a barracuda or other predator than normal. This may be less true in > >overfished reef areas. There may be a high critical threshold in starting a > >new population -- which has implications in particular for the resilience of > >Hawaiian reefs to local extinctions. I'm quite worried about mass culture > >facilities in out-of-normal-range locations providing the critical > >thresholds during hurricanes. Thus, the recent discovery of exotic coral > >facilities in the Caribbean is worrying. Then there is always the problem of > >"low probability over long periods of time and large numbers of trials". > >However, I would opt for the greatest immediate concern being put on mass > >culture and holding facilities in unnatural locations. > > > >Cheers! > > > >John > > > >_________________________________________________________ > > > >John W. McManus, PhD > >Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) > >Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) > >University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway > >Miami, Florida 33149. > >jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu > >Tel. (305) 361-4814 > >Fax (305) 361-4600 > >www.ncoremiami.org > > > > > > > > > >-----Original Message----- > >From: Charles Delbeek [mailto:delbeek@waquarium.org] > >Sent: Sunday, November 04, 2001 7:10 PM > >To: jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu > >Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > >Subject: Re: aquarium concerns > > > > > >At 12:20 PM 11/2/2001 -0500, you wrote: > > > > >Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from > > >PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the > > >Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways > > >other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should > > >seek to limit all sources. > > > >John: Not to say your point is without merit but in Hawaii tropical marine > >fish have been imported into this state for decades, and there have been > >numerous releases over that time span, however, there has not been a single > >incident of any aquarium fish forming a reproducing population here that I > >am aware of. I would hazard to guess that the same may also occur in > >Florida. Yes you do occasionally see sightings of Centropyge flavissimus in > >Kaneohe Bay and elsewhere around Oahu and the odd damsel here and there, > >but that's about it. Where there has been catastrophic changes have been > >when the state government, despite advise from scientific consultants > >released fishes here such as the bluestripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, and > >the peacock grouper, Cephalopholis argus, the snapper in particular has > >been implicated in the decline of local snapper species. There have also > >been attempts in the last few decades to seed reefs with giant clams and > >some corals from the south Pacific, none of which survived. > > > >In contrast, the freshwater streams and lakes on several of the islands are > >almost completely dominated by aquarium fishes such as cichlids and > >livebearers. In this case, the lack of any competition in the local > >freshwaters probably played a significant role. > > > >Aloha! > > > >J. Charles Delbeek > >Aquarium Biologist > >Waikiki Aquarium > >2777 Kalakaua Ave. > >Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 > >808-923-9741 > >808-923-1771 FAX > > > > > > > > > >~~~~~~~ > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Billy D. Causey, Superintendent Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary PO Box 500368 Marathon, FL 33050 (305) 743-2437 phone (305) 743-2357 Fax billy.causey@noaa.gov http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 7 05:10:19 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id FAA07095; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 05:10:19 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id JAA03745; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:07:54 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003729; Wed, 7 Nov 01 09:07:41 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFOF900.IFC for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:04:21 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFORH00.1RK; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:11:41 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA13673; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:11:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA5HaaTA; Wed, 7 Nov 01 09:11:40 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA67795 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 14:08:33 GMT Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu (vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA66405 for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:08:10 -0500 (EST) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01KAF10XB46891VRDE@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 07 Nov 2001 09:07:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01KAF10VF4Y68Y4X0I@uncwil.edu>; Wed, 07 Nov 2001 09:07:57 -0500 (EST) Date: Wed, 07 Nov 2001 09:10:25 -0500 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: RE: aquarium concerns In-reply-to: <200111062310.XAA66152@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: Joshua Feingold , jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu, Charles Delbeek Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011107090917.00acbec0@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1064 Two batfish were removed from Molasses reef I am but, but there is still one Pacific batfish remaining on French reef in Key Largo FL because I photographed it late this summer. Alina Szmant At 05:27 PM 11/06/2001 -0600, Joshua Feingold wrote: >Hi John & Coral List Serve Members, > >Here's a Caribbean data point. > >On a recent dive (Sept '01) I observed a large adult Pomacanthus maculosus >(a Red Sea and W. Indian Ocean native) on a shipwreck off Fort Lauderdale. >In the same general locale Paul Human mentioned to me that he has observed >Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Indo-W. Pacific and Indian Ocean native). >Batfish were removed from KLNMS earlier (last year?). It seems that we have >the "smoking gun" of non-native species being released, or that have >escaped, into the wild. > >So, even though I don't know of any culture facilities along our coast >here, there are species introductions occurring that may be associated with >the aquarium trade. > >Cheers, > >Joshua Feingold >National Coral Reef Institute >Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center > >At 03:07 PM 11/05/2001 -0500, John McManus wrote: > >Hi Charles, > > > >Yes, I do find it fascinating that coral reefs seem to have resisted > >invasion from aquarium fish so far. Your examples from Hawaii are very > >helpful in that regard. > > > >My impression is that healthy coral reefs, at least, are particularly > >unhealthy for anything out of place. Even a fish frightened by a diver will > >often be devoured in a matter of seconds for being slightly more vulnerable > >to a barracuda or other predator than normal. This may be less true in > >overfished reef areas. There may be a high critical threshold in starting a > >new population -- which has implications in particular for the resilience of > >Hawaiian reefs to local extinctions. I'm quite worried about mass culture > >facilities in out-of-normal-range locations providing the critical > >thresholds during hurricanes. Thus, the recent discovery of exotic coral > >facilities in the Caribbean is worrying. Then there is always the problem of > >"low probability over long periods of time and large numbers of trials". > >However, I would opt for the greatest immediate concern being put on mass > >culture and holding facilities in unnatural locations. > > > >Cheers! > > > >John > > > >_________________________________________________________ > > > >John W. McManus, PhD > >Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) > >Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) > >University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway > >Miami, Florida 33149. > >jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu > >Tel. (305) 361-4814 > >Fax (305) 361-4600 > >www.ncoremiami.org > > > > > > > > > >-----Original Message----- > >From: Charles Delbeek [mailto:delbeek@waquarium.org] > >Sent: Sunday, November 04, 2001 7:10 PM > >To: jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu > >Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > >Subject: Re: aquarium concerns > > > > > >At 12:20 PM 11/2/2001 -0500, you wrote: > > > > >Speaking of invasive species, here is an excerpt of today's news from > > >PFP SeaSpan ~~ The bi-monthly electronic newsletter of the > > >Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation. Note that there are many ways > > >other than through aquaria that species are introduced. I think we should > > >seek to limit all sources. > > > >John: Not to say your point is without merit but in Hawaii tropical marine > >fish have been imported into this state for decades, and there have been > >numerous releases over that time span, however, there has not been a single > >incident of any aquarium fish forming a reproducing population here that I > >am aware of. I would hazard to guess that the same may also occur in > >Florida. Yes you do occasionally see sightings of Centropyge flavissimus in > >Kaneohe Bay and elsewhere around Oahu and the odd damsel here and there, > >but that's about it. Where there has been catastrophic changes have been > >when the state government, despite advise from scientific consultants > >released fishes here such as the bluestripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, and > >the peacock grouper, Cephalopholis argus, the snapper in particular has > >been implicated in the decline of local snapper species. There have also > >been attempts in the last few decades to seed reefs with giant clams and > >some corals from the south Pacific, none of which survived. > > > >In contrast, the freshwater streams and lakes on several of the islands are > >almost completely dominated by aquarium fishes such as cichlids and > >livebearers. In this case, the lack of any competition in the local > >freshwaters probably played a significant role. > > > >Aloha! > > > >J. Charles Delbeek > >Aquarium Biologist > >Waikiki Aquarium > >2777 Kalakaua Ave. > >Honolulu, HI, USA 96815 > >808-923-9741 > >808-923-1771 FAX > > > > > > > > > >~~~~~~~ > >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 7 08:32:52 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA12486; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 08:32:52 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10064; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 12:30:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010057; Wed, 7 Nov 01 12:29:50 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFXS500.OEP for ; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 12:26:29 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMFY3V00.6E4; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:33:31 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA09806; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 09:33:17 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAABOaGit; Wed, 7 Nov 01 09:33:16 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA68293 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 7 Nov 2001 17:26:44 GMT Message-Id: <200111071726.RAA68293@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: Richard_Curry@nps.gov Subject: Exotic species concerns To: Billy Causey Cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, Charles Delbeek , Forrest Young - Dynasty Marine , holly bourbon , jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu, Joshua Feingold , #NOS OCRM FKNMS-ALL , Linda_Canzanelli@nps.gov, Monika_Mayr@nps.gov, Rick_Clark@nps.gov Date: Wed, 7 Nov 2001 11:58:16 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1065 Billy and everyone else: I applaud the action take by Billy and his staff and agree that we need to keep an eye out for marine exotics and remove them when found. Like the Sanctuary, the release of non-natives, or anything else for that matter, is not allowed in a National Park Service area. Although we know it is happening, we have no idea just how many aquarist are releasing rather than destroying their fish when, for what ever reason, they breakdown their aquaria. Unfortunately, exotics in the marine environment have not received the level of interest and support that they have in terrestrial environments and we, as managers and stewards of the Florida reef system need to work at changing that. Even something as "trivial" as releasing ballast water can have a devastating consequence on our reefs. Richard Curry Science Coordinator Biscayne National Park ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 8 04:19:10 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA25435; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 04:19:09 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA23904; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 08:16:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023887; Thu, 8 Nov 01 08:16:22 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMHGPQ00.VHY for ; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 08:13:02 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMHH1Y00.N6P; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 05:20:22 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA03962; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 05:20:21 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmDayUh; Thu, 8 Nov 01 05:20:21 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA70296 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 13:17:24 GMT Received: from Perky.CandW.ky (IDENT:root@Perky.CandW.ky [209.27.52.51]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA70514 for ; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 08:17:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from vaio ([63.136.117.53]) by Perky.CandW.ky (8.11.1/8.11.1) with SMTP id fA8DGsJ19115 for ; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 08:16:54 -0500 Message-ID: <000d01c1684f$28e0a2c0$80e3fea9@vaio> Reply-To: "Coral Reef" From: "Coral Reef" To: "Coral-list" Subject: Winter Session Coral Reef Course Date: Thu, 8 Nov 2001 08:16:11 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1066 Please Announce the Following Winter Session Course Topics in Marine and Coastal Sciences: Coral Reefs (3 credits) Rutgers Winter Session January 3-12, 2002 Little Cayman For More Information & Updates Contact: info@reefresearch.org or see the Rutgers website http://www.wintersession.rutgersonline.net/windex.real?Action=Catalog&sem=42 72&node=62964&course=423508 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 8 01:17:37 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id BAA23666; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 01:17:37 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id FAA21930; Thu, 8 Nov 2001 05:15:12 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021926; Thu, 8 Nov 01 05:15:04 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GMH8BJ00.VHK for

Kay Lynn Plummer
Marine and National Parks = Manager
St.=20 Eustatius National Parks Foundation
Gallows Bay
St. Eustatius, = Netherlands=20 Antilles
Tel: 599-3182884
Fax: 599-3182913
email: semp@goldenrock.net
------=_NextPart_000_0022_01C171B5.9C8892E0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 20 08:23:21 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id IAA28654; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 08:23:20 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id MAA10781; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:20:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma010773; Tue, 20 Nov 01 12:20:06 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN3ZZS00.F4L for ; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:16:40 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN40C900.UGR; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:24:09 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA09629; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:24:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAOgaOWs; Tue, 20 Nov 01 12:24:14 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA14266 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 17:21:03 GMT Received: from mail.dialisdn.net (mail.dialisdn.net [208.236.0.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA14223 for ; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:20:36 -0500 (EST) Received: from jmcmanus (ppp-hwd1-26.dialisdn.com [209.118.214.90]) by mail.dialisdn.net with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2653.13) id TVT5V20C; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:15:21 -0500 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "St. Eustatius Marine Park" , Subject: RE: proposed artificial reef Date: Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:19:35 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0035_01C171BD.9DC6E5A0" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 In-Reply-To: <002701c17190$05d72660$0c000003@oemcomputer> Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1094 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0035_01C171BD.9DC6E5A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi Kay, If you currently have a general overfishing problem, then adding artificial reefs with access to fishers is very likely to add to the problem. Overfishing usually means that people have already removed 40%, 50% or more of the biomass of target species, and so space limitation is not likely to be a controlling factor. Adding more places for fish to live after drastically reducing the original population rarely makes sense. The artificial reefs become essentially additional fishing gear, and two of the worst things anyone can do in an overfishing situation are to improve the gear and/or lower the cost of fishing. Toxins are another problem, and there are several books and symposium volumes on those. However, if you are concerned about overfishing, you would already have a good reason not to go further. Cheers! John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of St. Eustatius Marine Park Sent: Tuesday, November 20, 2001 1:52 AM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: proposed artificial reef Hello coral-listers. I'm looking for some advice about a proposed artificial reef for the Statia Marine Park. The local oil terminal was recently tasked to clean up "the farm" which is basically a dump for their old heavy equipment. The terminal approached me about turning some of these items into an artificial reef on the bay side of the island. We already have two artificial reefs there, but in deeper water than where the terminal proposed placing this equipment. I toured "the farm" this morning to look at the possible future artificial reef materials which include large steel pipes, cranes, containers, iron walkways and (cringe) SPM hoses which terminal personnel assure me can be cleaned of any oil residue. Specifically I need to know what materials are safe and guidelines for preparation of these materials. If we decide to allow the placement of this material, I need to instruct terminal personnel to separate materials into "no," maybe," and "okay" piles by mid-December in order for the terminal to meet the clean-up deadline. At that point they can start preparation of the materials fit to go in the water. The Statia Marine Park surrounds the island of Statia and harbors two no-take reserves comprised primarily of surprisingly healthy coral. One concern is that fish may move from these natural and protected areas to these artificial ones where fishing is allowed. There is about a 2 mile buffer between the proposed site and the northern reserve, and about a 3 mile buffer between the site and the southern reserve. I am not completely sold on the idea of artificial reefs (nothing can come close to matching natural ones), although they do enhance fishing and diving opportunities which are both important factors for the economy on this island. Any opinions/advice on this issue??? Thanks, Kay Lynn Kay Lynn Plummer Marine and National Parks Manager St. Eustatius National Parks Foundation Gallows Bay St. Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles Tel: 599-3182884 Fax: 599-3182913 email: semp@goldenrock.net ------=_NextPart_000_0035_01C171BD.9DC6E5A0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi=20 Kay,

If you = currently=20 have a general overfishing problem, then adding artificial reefs with = access to=20 fishers is very likely to add to the problem. Overfishing usually means = that=20 people have already removed 40%, 50% or more of the biomass of target = species,=20 and so space limitation is not likely to be a controlling factor. Adding = more=20 places for fish to live after drastically reducing the original = population=20 rarely makes sense. The artificial reefs become essentially additional = fishing=20 gear, and two of the worst things anyone can do in an overfishing = situation are=20 to improve the gear and/or lower the cost of fishing. =

Toxins = are another=20 problem, and there are several books and symposium volumes on those. = However, if=20 you are concerned about overfishing, you would already have a good = reason=20 not to go further.

Cheers!

John

_________________________________________________________=

John W. McManus, PhD =
Director, National Center for Caribbean = Coral Reef=20 Research (NCORE)
Rosenstiel School of=20 Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS)
University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway =
Miami, Florida 33149.
jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu
Tel. (305) 361-4814
Fax (305) 361-4600
www.ncoremiami.org

-----Original Message-----
From:=20 owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=20 [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of St. = Eustatius=20 Marine Park
Sent: Tuesday, November 20, 2001 1:52 = AM
To:=20 coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: proposed artificial=20 reef

Hello coral-listers. I'm looking for some = advice about=20 a proposed artificial reef for the Statia Marine Park. The local = oil=20 terminal was recently tasked to clean up "the farm" which is basically = a dump=20 for their old heavy equipment. The terminal approached me about = turning=20 some of these items into an artificial reef on the bay side of the=20 island. We already have two artificial reefs there, but in = deeper water=20 than where the terminal proposed placing this equipment. I = toured "the=20 farm" this morning to look at the possible future artificial reef = materials=20 which include large steel pipes, cranes, containers, iron walkways and = (cringe) SPM hoses which terminal personnel assure me can be cleaned = of any=20 oil residue.

Specifically I need to know what materials are = safe and=20 guidelines for preparation of these materials. If we decide to = allow the=20 placement of this material, I need to instruct terminal personnel to = separate=20 materials into "no," maybe," and "okay" piles by mid-December in order = for the=20 terminal to meet the clean-up deadline. At that point they can = start=20 preparation of the materials fit to go in the water.

The Statia Marine Park surrounds the island of = Statia and=20 harbors two no-take reserves comprised primarily of surprisingly = healthy=20 coral. One concern is that fish may move from these natural and = protected=20 areas to these artificial ones where fishing is allowed. There = is about=20 a 2 mile buffer between the proposed site and the northern reserve, = and about=20 a 3 mile buffer between the site and the southern = reserve.

I am not completely sold on the idea of artificial = reefs=20 (nothing can come close to matching natural ones), although they do = enhance=20 fishing and diving opportunities which are both important factors for = the=20 economy on this island. Any opinions/advice on this=20 issue???

Thanks,

Kay Lynn

Kay Lynn Plummer
Marine and National Parks = Manager
St.=20 Eustatius National Parks Foundation
Gallows Bay
St. Eustatius,=20 Netherlands Antilles
Tel: 599-3182884
Fax: 599-3182913
email: = semp@goldenrock.net

------=_NextPart_000_0035_01C171BD.9DC6E5A0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 21 07:13:16 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id HAA14890; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 07:13:15 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id LAA27394; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 11:10:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma027370; Wed, 21 Nov 01 11:10:04 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN5RF600.E9S for ; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 11:06:42 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN5RRH00.SKU; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 08:14:05 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA18974; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 08:14:05 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAo_aqcL; Wed, 21 Nov 01 08:14:04 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA16271 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 16:07:00 GMT Received: from name2.sunbeach.net (name2.sunbeach.net [205.214.199.131]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA16201 for ; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 11:06:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from sunbeach.net (mail.sunbeach.net [205.214.199.134]) by name2.sunbeach.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA09000 for ; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 11:13:54 -0400 Received: from LoretoMayers [209.101.70.48] by sunbeach.net (SMTPD32-6.06) id A08F20A00154; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 12:04:31 -0400 Reply-To: From: "Barbados Marine Trust" To: Subject: Artificial Reefs Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2001 12:10:18 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0008_01C17285.7C851D80" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 Importance: Normal X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1095 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01C17285.7C851D80 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi Kay Lynn, Have a look at www.artificialreefs.org. If you want almost "real reefs" -this is the way to go. Please do not use the ocean as a junk yard or as a means of disposing of solid waste. I agree with Kalli - if they are to be used for diving purposes - yes they attract fish but make sure they are safe - all rough edges and small parts removed. And keep them far from the natural reef in case they damage it. All in all, we don't really like the idea!! Loreto Duffy-Mayers Executive Director Barbados Marine Trust --- Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free. Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com). Version: 6.0.292 / Virus Database: 157 - Release Date: 10/26/01 ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01C17285.7C851D80 Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat" eJ8+IhIRAQaQCAAEAAAAAAABAAEAAQeQBgAIAAAA5AQAAAAAAADoAAEIgAcAGAAAAElQTS5NaWNy b3NvZnQgTWFpbC5Ob3RlADEIAQ2ABAACAAAAAgACAAEGgAMADgAAANEHCwAVAAwACgAAAAMAEQEB A5AGAMgHAAAmAAAACwACAAEAAAALACMAAAAAAAMAJgAAAAAACwApAAAAAAADADYAAAAAAB4AcAAB AAAAEQAAAEFydGlmaWNpYWwgUmVlZnMAAAAAAgFxAAEAAAAWAAAAAcFyr1z5HwdpbN5aEdWuNERF U1QAAAAAAgEdDAEAAAAaAAAAU01UUDpCTVRSVVNUQFNVTkJFQUNILk5FVAAAAAsAAQ4AAAAAQAAG DgBkIFqvcsEBAgEKDgEAAAAYAAAAAAAAAEzO8CiGJcERsBxuff5kQ7PCgAAACwAfDgEAAAACAQkQ AQAAADUDAAAxAwAASwQAAExaRnVrtztoAwAKAHJjcGcxMjUWMgD4C2BuDhAwMzNPAfcCpARkAgBj aArAc/BldDAgCFUHsgKDAFDjA9QCAHBycQ5QEOgHE98CgxNRErUTjwIAMxTPFAZKfQqBdgiQd2sL gGT6NAxgYwBQCwMLtgqxCoEBAEAgSGkgS2F5wCBMeW5uLArjCoQCZBqQYXZlIGEgWQkAb2sccAVA dx0gLn0KwHQGkA3gBzEJ0QPQLgEFsGcuIElmIHm/CGAdEABwBUAHQARgcwVAFiIJcAdAIB4DIiAt 9HRoBAAgIOEgwBxgHyDBGvB0byBnbx6QGgRMUGwgABEwIGQh0G6abwVAdSLRIUJvYyAARwOgIsAc cWp1bhzQeV8b8gWxJFMHgAYibx7AZK0EAHAfoAuAZyYScwbw7mkcEB8gH7BlHpEccAnC7R0QaSDA GsFsJ0AgoCEAvx7AIUEa8ArAI5Eh0GIcYH8jcRwQAhAFwCZQGGAmwXDvCHAmgQeRKSB5B5EpdAJA bnIA0AVAHaBzKKAqIHXrBUAAwGscYHMIcCOTKaT4c2FmHGApICjRIDAIYHZnKKAJgGcHkQBwHBBz 9wDAL3EKsXQEIAlwBGAcUJpkHpBBMHEt4GVwITLebSqgCsEDUiEzbhzwCHA3IBUhAAOgYyLCKXNk YdcAwDAgIQB0IhZBL3E0ccso0RtQdyLibicFQB/yfmwa8CdALeEhQidQIAAhOiEaBEwFsBFAIdBE dfEBIHktTRrgBJAS8BoTPEV4BZAtkCsAHGBEaS8JcCzwBbAaBEIKwGJhLyMABCA6MAUQbhxgVHL9 I3B0G3gaQg5QPdo/L0A+vwsxPehBNwtkFoIB0CAAALkLDjE4AzAnQD1BLUVw/UUUTy2QIfAmsgDA AxEg4TckAB1zKoFWO6AjcCBG1QnRLkUUQyFQYy3gHBBiYhrwQVZHMFEdgC0zGGBH0nN5J6EysCho 4QJAcDovLx0iCcAEAKcmIDXABaBtKUhVVjphAmkCIDogNi4wLqAyOTIgL0elRBzwRwGgIsFNMDE1 NykRUg5lIqROUU7CMC8yNkwvMABQRSMgfRoEfQFRoAAAAAsAAYAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAA AAOFAAAAAAAAAwADgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAEIUAAAAAAAADAAeACCAGAAAAAADAAAAA AAAARgAAAABShQAAJ2oBAB4ACYAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAFSFAAABAAAABAAAADkuMAAe AAqACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAAA2hQAAAQAAAAEAAAAAAAAAHgALgAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAA AEYAAAAAN4UAAAEAAAABAAAAAAAAAB4ADIAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAADiFAAABAAAAAQAA AAAAAAALAA2ACCAGAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARgAAAACChQAAAQAAAAsAOoAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABG AAAAAA6FAAAAAAAAAwA8gAggBgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAEYUAAAAAAAADAD2ACCAGAAAAAADA AAAAAAAARgAAAAAYhQAAAAAAAAsAUoAIIAYAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABGAAAAAAaFAAAAAAAAAwBTgAgg BgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYAAAAAAYUAAAAAAAADAGGBQAmzZzU70hGllQAgGGSLpwEAAAAgAAAAQQBW AEcAIABGAEwAQQBHAFMAIAAoAE8AVQBUACkAAAAAAAADAgH4DwEAAAAQAAAATM7wKIYlwRGwHG59 /mRDswIB+g8BAAAAEAAAAEzO8CiGJcERsBxuff5kQ7MCAfsPAQAAAIIAAAAAAAAAOKG7EAXlEBqh uwgAKypWwgAAUFNUUFJYLkRMTAAAAAAAAAAATklUQfm/uAEAqgA32W4AAABDOlxXSU5ET1dTXExv Y2FsIFNldHRpbmdzXEFwcGxpY2F0aW9uIERhdGFcTWljcm9zb2Z0XE91dGxvb2tcb3V0bG9vay5w c3QAAAADAP4PBQAAAAMADTT9NwAAAgF/AAEAAAA0AAAAPE1CQkJMQUJNQ0NMREFPRU1NRkpHTUVD SENFQUEuYm10cnVzdEBzdW5iZWFjaC5uZXQ+AAMABhAVaN0jAwAHECUCAAADABAQAAAAAAMAERAA AAAAHgAIEAEAAABlAAAASElLQVlMWU5OLEhBVkVBTE9PS0FUV1dXQVJUSUZJQ0lBTFJFRUZTT1JH SUZZT1VXQU5UQUxNT1NUIlJFQUxSRUVGUyItVEhJU0lTVEhFV0FZVE9HT1BMRUFTRURPTk9UVVNF VAAAAAC1ug== ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01C17285.7C851D80-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 20 12:16:22 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA03875; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 12:16:21 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA16208; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:13:52 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016192; Tue, 20 Nov 01 16:13:39 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN4AT600.V4B for ; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:10:18 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN4B5N00.5KR; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:17:47 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA26321; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:17:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAGEaazZ; Tue, 20 Nov 01 16:17:52 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA14596 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 21:11:32 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA14565 for ; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:11:08 -0500 (EST) Received: from MyHost (empE-port16.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.71]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id QAA05353; Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:08:00 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <00d601c17207$15a29a80$4bc17182@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: "St. Eustatius Marine Park" , References: <002701c17190$05d72660$0c000003@oemcomputer> Subject: Re: proposed artificial reef Date: Tue, 20 Nov 2001 16:00:59 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_00C6_01C171DC.8BA0CE80" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1096 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_00C6_01C171DC.8BA0CE80 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable First of all, I would echo John's statements re fish. Be careful about = building reefs in heavily-fished areas, because the last thing you need = is another FAD. On the other hand, questions about proper materials etc may readily be = answered. These are all in the literature, I could dig the refs out if = necesssary. 1. properly-constructed "artificial" reef materials resemble real ones = as closely as possible, hence the quotes. In terms of larval success, = the best stuff to use is sawn-up or broken-up corals-but we would not = wish to make a habit of this. Pleistocene reef rock is abundant in many = places in the Caribbean, and that stuff works fine-as do concrete = blocks, but they cost more. 2. absolutely to be avoided is the conversion of a terrestrial = waste-disposal problem into a reef. Avoid metals, plastics. Fish = assemble on spatially-complex metal structures very quickly, but they = know naught of heavy metal accumulation, etc. Stick to calcium = carbonate. 3. build as much spatial complexity as possible into whatever you do.=20 The reefs I built 25 years ago in Discovery Bay are still there, now = heavily-silted, but with corals and other inverts growing all over them, = bioeroders in the reef rock and concrete blocks...but there are lessons. = Corals accreted on the blocks only above the substrate, avoiding the = lower layer of suspended sediment. And to echo John: local fishermen = were potting lobster off these things 6 months after they were built, = lobster that may well have survived better on a "real" reef. ------=_NextPart_000_00C6_01C171DC.8BA0CE80 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

First of all, I would echo John's statements re = fish. Be=20 careful about building reefs in heavily-fished areas, because the last = thing you=20 need is another FAD.

On the other hand, questions about proper materials = etc may=20 readily be answered. These are all in the literature, I could dig the = refs out=20 if necesssary.

1. properly-constructed "artificial" reef materials = resemble=20 real ones as closely as possible, hence the quotes. In terms of larval = success,=20 the best stuff to use is sawn-up or broken-up corals-but we would not = wish to=20 make a habit of this. Pleistocene reef rock is abundant in many places = in the=20 Caribbean, and that stuff works fine-as do concrete blocks, but they = cost=20 more.

2. absolutely to be avoided is the conversion of a = terrestrial=20 waste-disposal problem into a reef. Avoid metals, plastics. Fish = assemble on=20 spatially-complex metal structures very quickly, but they know naught of = heavy=20 metal accumulation, etc. Stick to calcium carbonate.

3. build as much spatial complexity as possible into = whatever=20 you do.

The reefs I built 25 years ago in Discovery Bay are = still=20 there, now heavily-silted, but with corals and other inverts growing all = over=20 them, bioeroders in the reef rock and concrete blocks...but there are = lessons.=20 Corals accreted on the blocks only above the substrate, avoiding the = lower layer=20 of suspended sediment. And to echo John: local fishermen were potting = lobster=20 off these things 6 months after they were built, lobster that may = well have=20 survived better on a "real" reef.

------=_NextPart_000_00C6_01C171DC.8BA0CE80-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 22 03:47:53 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA05635; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 03:47:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA18649; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 07:45:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018639; Thu, 22 Nov 01 07:45:00 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN7CLE00.6B9 for ; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 07:41:38 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN7CXX00.B4S; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 07:49:09 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA18968; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 07:49:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAYdaOcL; Thu, 22 Nov 01 07:49:13 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA18153 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 12:46:58 GMT Received: from dgte2.dgte.net (dgte2.mozcom.com [208.160.233.130]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA18212 for ; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 07:46:37 -0500 (EST) Received: from g8u8l9.dgte.mozcom.com (ppp03-dgt1.dgte.net [208.160.233.133]) by dgte2.dgte.net (8.12.1/8.12.1) with ESMTP id fAMDmZMh011859 for ; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 21:48:41 +0800 Message-Id: <5.0.2.1.0.20011121075917.009f2ec0@dgte.mozcom.com> X-Sender: lauriejr@dgte.mozcom.com (Unverified) X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.0.2 Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2001 08:03:36 +0800 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Raymundo Laurie Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1097 Hello, all: I have heard reference to Millepora spp. as "weedy" species--i.e., establishing after disturbance. Therefore, if a reef has an abundance of Millepora, this may be a sign of past disturbance or reef stress. Has anyone else heard of this? If so, does anyone know of anything published that could be cited? Better yet, if there are any authors out there of any such references, might I request a reprint? Thank you.... Laurie ------------------------------- Laurie J. Raymundo, Ph.D. Silliman University Marine Laboratory Dumaguete City 6200 Philippines ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 22 16:59:41 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA11427; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 16:59:40 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA23754; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 20:57:11 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma023750; Thu, 22 Nov 01 20:56:18 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN8D8800.L89 for ; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 20:52:56 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN8DKS00.IB5; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 21:00:28 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA22596; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 21:00:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAaJa4hS; Thu, 22 Nov 01 21:00:32 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA19302 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 01:51:02 GMT Received: from jcu.edu.au (mail-world.jcu.edu.au [137.219.109.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA19470 for ; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 20:50:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from janus.jcu.edu.au (janus.jcu.edu.au [137.219.16.87]) by jcu.edu.au (8.11.6/8.11.6) with ESMTP id fAN1oaF25921651 for ; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 11:50:36 +1000 (AEST) Received: from jcu.edu.au (GLTP.jcu.edu.au [137.219.45.200]) by janus.jcu.edu.au (8.11.6/8.11.6) with ESMTP id fAN1oCL30612 for ; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 11:50:12 +1000 Message-ID: <3BFDABE9.E547A9B5@jcu.edu.au> Date: Fri, 23 Nov 2001 11:52:41 +1000 From: Melissa Thomson X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.08 [en] (Win98; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: LECTURER/SENIOR LECTURER POSITION Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-JCU-MailScanner: Found to be clean Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1098 LECTURER/SENIOR LECTURER IN MARINE GEOLOGY/SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY TOWNSVILLE CAMPUS, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA Applications are invited for a Lectureship/Senior Lectureship in Marine Geology or Sedimentary Geology in the School of Earth Sciences at the Townsville campus of James Cook University, north Queensland, Australia. The successful applicant will hold an appropriate doctoral qualification from a recognized university and will have demonstrated an exceptional research capability or promise through publication in the international literature. He or she will be, or have the potential to become, a committed teacher at undergraduate level and is expected to be an effective supervisor of post-graduate students. This position offers an exceptional research and teaching opportunity. James Cook University is located adjacent to the central sector of the Great Barrier Reef and has a high profile in Marine Science and Earth Science which both attract targeted resources as areas of research focus in the institutional profile. Townsville is a major centre for Marine Science in Australia and hosts the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, the Australian Institute of Marine Science and the Reef Cooperative Research Centre. A wide range of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary basins are also located in the north Queensland region, including the Bowen Basin which supports a major coal export industry, offering wide-ranging opportunities for pure and applied sedimentary research. The School offers two Bachelor of Science degree programs within the Faculty of Science and Engineering and contributes to a third, interdisciplinary program in Marine Science. These programs are open to international students. The School of Earth Sciences has fourteen academic staff, concentrated mainly on the Townsville campus. It has exceptional strength in its research student enrolment of some 60, drawn from both Australia and overseas, and attracts significant competitive research funding. The School operates a 20 m research vessel capable of ranging across the north Queensland continental shelf with deployment of contemporary Reson side-scan and Datasonic seismic profiling geophysical equipment and offers access to a wide range of sampling and analytical equipment such as XRF, XRD, ICP MS, electron microprobe, laser particle sizer, and S4 current meters. Salary range: A$51600 - A$61056 (Lecturer); A$62946 - A$72402 (Senior Lecturer). Level of appointment and commencing salary will be set according to qualifications and experience. Additional benefits include employer superannuation contribution, options for salary packaging, a generous relocation allowance and eligibility for Special Studies Program participation. For further information contact Professor Robert A. Henderson: email bob.henderson@jcu.edu.au. Closing date for applications: December 17, 2001 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 23 10:12:12 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id KAA18247; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 10:12:11 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id OAA29554; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 14:09:42 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma029543; Fri, 23 Nov 01 14:09:27 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN9P2400.0AU for ; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 14:06:05 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN9PEO00.GAU; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 11:13:36 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA12898; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 11:13:35 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZbaalz; Fri, 23 Nov 01 11:13:35 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id TAA21050 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 19:09:44 GMT Received: from mail.dialisdn.net (mail.dialisdn.net [208.236.0.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA21165 for ; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 14:09:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from jmcmanus (ppp-hwd1-22.dialisdn.com [209.118.214.86]) by mail.dialisdn.net with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2653.13) id TVT5V493; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 14:04:06 -0500 Reply-To: From: "John McManus" To: "Coral List" , "Info" Subject: Priorities for public comment on Monday -- please forward to relevant lists Date: Fri, 23 Nov 2001 14:08:23 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0055_01C17428.501BD640" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1099 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0055_01C17428.501BD640 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit {Please pardon cross-listings.} Dear Colleagues, The Workshop: Priorities for Caribbean Coral Reef Research, was held on October 3-5, 2001 in Miami. The 65 participants were carefully selected to represent a broad range of fields and institutions, and included scientists and managers from 11 countries. For the sake of productivity, the group was deliberately kept small. However, we would like to have comments and suggestions on the draft output of the workshop from all interested parties. The document will be finalized on Thursday, November 29, and distributed at the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Meeting on December 5. It will then be presented to a large number of funding and operating agencies. The near-final draft will be posted for public comment on our website from Monday (noon) through Wednesday (close of business) November 25 - 28. The final document will be posted soon thereafter. An early draft is currently on line at: This will be replaced on Monday with an improved version, and linked to our main website at www.ncoremiami.org. The latter version is the one we need comments on. Comments should be directed to the ncore@rsmas.miami.edu e-mail address. Thank you for your assistance, John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu Tel. 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From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 21 17:56:20 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA23846; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 17:56:19 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA07717; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:53:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007707; Wed, 21 Nov 01 21:52:59 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN6L6Q00.O77 for ; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:49:38 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN6LJ900.VS9; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:57:09 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA18657; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:57:14 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAReaaCK; Wed, 21 Nov 01 21:57:13 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA17408 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 02:51:16 GMT Message-Id: <200111220251.CAA17408@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:32:55 -0300 From: "[iso-8859-1] \"Jos� A. Speroni\"" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: More on sea turtles Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1100 ******************************************* ACTION ALERT! November 20, 2001 ANOTHER CHANCE TO SPEAK OUT FOR STRONGER SEA TURTLE PROTECTION Folks, Below is an update on an action alert that the ESC sent out several weeks ago. It makes clear the importance of taking the time to write into the National Marine Fisheries Service to help them withstand the political pressures to weaken or abandon protections for endangered species. Thanks to all those groups who have already signed on and to those activists who have sent comments in. Ed Lytwak ESC communications director P.S. The ESC's original action alert cover letter is below for those who want a little more background on this issue. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ >From the Endangered Species Coalition ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ACTION ALERT provided by Oceana. YOUR HELP IS STILL CRUCIAL TO SAVE ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SEA TURTLES FROM DESTRUCTIVE FISHING PRACTICES: NMFS caved to pressure from Rep. Billy Tauzin (R-LA) and the commercial shrimping sector yesterday when the agency agreed to extend the public comment period on a proposed rule to enlarge the openings in turtle excluder devices (TEDs) to allow large endangered and threatened sea turtles escape from shrimp trawl nets. This comment period extension enables NMFS to further delay taking action to protect sea turtles from destructive fishing practices. Thanks to all the organizations and individuals who have shown interest in this issue over the past few weeks by sending in their own letter to Phil Williams, NMFS' Endangered Species Division Chief, and for signing on to our organizational sign-on letter. We have 40+ signatories so far!...but we will need many more. For those who have not yet had a chance to review this letter, we need your help to ensure that NMFS does not continue to cave to special interests. Please review our letter below which urges NMFS to implement new requirements to enlarge TED openings immediately without the proposed one-year delay. We urge you to send in your own letter to NMFS as well as to sign your organization on to our letter. For organizations interested in signing on to our letter, please email me at td@oceana.org , and include the name of your organization, your name, and title. Deadline for sign ons is December 20, 2001. Tanya Dobrzynski; Oceana; 2501 M Street, NW, Suite 300; Washington, D.C. 20037-1311; ph 202-833-3900; fax 202-833-2070; td@oceana.org . Below is the sign on and sample comment letter from Oceana regarding increased protection of endangered and threatened sea turtles from shrimp fishing nets. Oceana would like to encourage ESC members both to sign on to our letter as well as to use the letter as a template to send in their own comments to NMFS. The letter basically supports NMFS' proposed rule to enlarge turtle excluder device openings to help large sea turtles escape from shrimp trawl nets. However, the letter points out several problems with the rule: 1) The regulations propose delaying implementation of the sea turtle protection measures for an entire year after the final rule goes into effect-this would result in the killing of thousands of endangered and threatened sea turtles; 2) The sea turtle protection measures for try nets (otter trawl nets btw 12 and 16 ft. wide that shrimpers use to test for shrimp abundance in certain areas), which often capture and drown sea turtles, are too weak; 3) The impact of recreational shrimp trawl fisheries on sea turtles should be assessed and measures to prevent sea turtles mortality during recreational fishing operations, which use gear similar to try nets, should be clarified; and 4) Increased funding of enforcement and monitoring measures should accompany enactment of these regulations. The DEADLINE to send comments in to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is MONDAY, DECEMBER 31. Sign On and Sample Comment Letter: November 7, 2001 Mr. Phil Williams; Chief, Endangered Species Division; Office of Protected Resources; National Marine Fisheries Service; 1315 East-West Highway; Silver Spring, MD 20910. Re: Proposed rule amending regulations to protect sea turtles (66 Fed. Reg. 50148). Dear Mr. Williams: The undersigned organizations oppose destructive fishing practices, which result in the incidental capture or injury of non-target species, overfishing, or damage to ocean habitats. Therefore, we appreciate this opportunity to comment on the National Marine Fisheries Service's (NMFS) proposed rule to enlarge turtle excluder device (TED) openings and impose other measures to prevent the mortality of threatened and endangered sea turtles in the process of shrimp fishing operations (66 Fed. Reg. 50148, October 2, 2001). At a time when all six species of sea turtle are listed as either endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act, the proposed regulations take a crucial step toward ensuring that shrimp fisheries do not further jeopardize the continued existence of these magnificent marine animals. While we support enlarging TED openings to protect large sea turtles from shrimp nets and numerous other proposed changes to reduce sea turtle mortality, we urge NMFS to strengthen the proposed rule and other sea turtle mortality reduction efforts in the following key areas. First, we oppose the proposal to delay implementation of the regulations until one full year after publication of the final rule to minimize adverse socioeconomic effects. It is unlawful for NMFS to imperil endangered and threatened sea turtles to alleviate short-term economic discomfort. Furthermore, such a delay in implementation would result in the killing of thousands of sea turtles, and would allow NMFS to violate its own standard that TEDs must be at least 97 percent effective to be approved. Therefore, we urge NMFS to implement these new TED requirements as swiftly as possible. Second, while we applaud NMFS' acknowledgement of the impacts of try nets on sea turtles, we are concerned about the lack of enforceability and effectiveness of the proposed tow time restrictions, and urge NMFS to adopt more stringent measures to prevent sea turtle mortality during the deployment of this gear. In the case of bait shrimpers, NMFS acknowledged that "tow time restrictions are extremely difficult to enforce and have only been authorized in limited cases where particular fishing practices limit the length of tows." (66 Fed. Reg. 50150.) The lack of enforceability, and therefore effectiveness, of tow time restrictions led NMFS to propose more stringent restrictions on bait shrimpers, a measure we strongly support. We fail to understand why tow time restrictions would be any more enforceable or effective at reducing sea turtle mortality from shrimp fishing try nets than they are when applied to bait shrimpers. We urge NMFS to revisit and strengthen restrictions to prevent sea turtle mortality in the course of try net operations. Third, we urge NMFS to investigate the impact of recreational shrimping on sea turtles. The Environmental Assessment (EA) accompanying the proposed rule indicates that a recreational shrimp trawl fishery occurs seasonally in the inside waters of the Gulf states. The EA indicates that recreational trawl size may reach 16 feet in width and estimates the recreational shrimp trawl fleet at 8,000 boats. At 16 feet, recreational trawls are the same size as try nets, which the regulations propose to regulate because they are known to capture and kill sea turtles. Yet, it is unclear what, if any, restrictions apply to recreational shrimpers. We urge NMFS to conduct a more rigorous assessment of the impacts of recreational trawlers on sea turtles and to clarify what management measures are in effect to ensure that recreational shrimp trawling does not contribute to sea turtle mortality. Finally, we urge NMFS to direct adequate funding toward ensuring that shrimpers comply with these regulations and monitoring the effectiveness of the proposed measures. If properly monitored and enforced, these regulations have the ability to save thousands of endangered and threatened sea turtles from being drowned in shrimp nets. To this end, NMFS should establish a mandatory observer program to cover a representative sample of shrimp vessels in the southeast region. Furthermore, NMFS should allocate increased funds to establish additional Protected Resources Enforcement Teams and to carry out other enforcement measures to ensure compliance with the new TED regulations in the vast shrimp fishery of the southeast region. We thank you for your consideration of our comments. We look forward to working with you in the future to establish safe waters for sea turtles and to end other destructive fishing practices that result in excessive bycatch, overfishing, or habitat degradation. Sincerely, Oceana, Tanya Dobrzynski, Marine Ecosystems Specialist. Endangered Species Coalition, Brock Evans, Executive Director. BACKGROUND, ESC original action alert cover letter: Folks, With Congress preoccupied over national security and wrapping up the FY'02 spending bills, much of the "action" has now shifted to the less visible but vitally important issues surrounding how protections for imperiled species are implemented. A case in point are newly proposed regulations to expand the size of sea turtle excluder devices (TEDs) on shrimp trawling nets. Marine biologists say that the trawling nets are a big reason sea turtles are endangered, because once the turtles get caught in the nets they cannot surface and drown before the nets are hauled in. About a decade ago, the National Marine Fisheries Service began requiring shrimpers to install TEDs and they are credited with significantly helping to reverse the decline of critically endangered species such as Kemp's Ridley sea turtles. Unfortunately, the TEDs currently in use are too small for large mature turtles, especially loggerheads and leatherbacks. The shrimping industry, however, is determined to fight these new regulations saying that the larger TEDs would hurt their profit margins by allowing too many shrimp to escape, even though the NMFS estimates that shrimp loss will only be 1% to 3%. The industry has a powerful ally in Louisiana Representative Billy Tauzin, chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee and in a Nola.com, AP story 11/7, Rep. Tauzin announced that he is "ready to fight proposals to make shrimpers install larger turtle excluder devices in their nets." Its now up to us to give the NMFS support it needs to resist what should be some intense political pressure to abandon these new sea turtle protective measures. Ed Lytwak ESC communications director ****************************************** Jos� A. Speroni, DVM E-mail: jsperoni@enviroweb.org C.E.I.H. ar784@lafn.org C.C. 18 cj313@ncf.ca (7100) Dolores ICQ: 41190790 Buenos Aires Phone: +54(2245)44-2350 REP�BLICA ARGENTINA Fax: +54(2245)44-0625 *********************************************************************** The CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS E INVESTIGACIONES HERPETOLOGICAS gratefully acknowledges the support received from: Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag (Germany), Mantella Publishing (UK) Research Information Systems, Inc. (USA), Reptilia (Spain) Clark Development Company, Inc. (USA), FTP Software, Inc. (USA) Key Tronic Corporation (USA), Colorado Memory Systems, Inc. (USA) *********************************************************************** "Many feel that Gary Kildall, the inventor, should have received the dollars and kudos that went to Bill Gates, the merchandiser." CS, Nov. 1994 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 21 17:56:20 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id RAA23848; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 17:56:19 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id VAA07723; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:53:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007708; Wed, 21 Nov 01 21:53:05 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN6L6V00.O78 for ; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 21:49:43 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GN6LJD00.IUV; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 18:57:13 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA29705; Wed, 21 Nov 2001 18:57:12 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPWaab6; Wed, 21 Nov 01 18:57:12 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA17286 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 22 Nov 2001 02:50:17 GMT Message-Id: <200111220250.CAA17286@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2001 11:48:55 -1000 To: kdm@bonairelive.com, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Richard Grigg Subject: Re: proposed artificial reef Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1101 To all, Aside from the shape, location, material, etc. that one uses to construct a artificial reefs, another important point that often is NOT considered is their protection. It is common knowledge that artificial reefs do aggregate fishes, therefore making them (the fishes) easier to catch. But, if all fishing is prohibited, then artificial reefs may serve not just to aggregate but CONSERVE the stocks, and create a haven for non-consumptive uses. Unfortunately, most artificial reefs in the past have been built to serve the interests of fishermen. Rick Grigg At 11:34 AM 11/21/01 -0800, kdm@bonairelive.com wrote: >Hi Kay Lynn > >The artificial reef creation business is a really tricky one. Part of >the problem is that it is too often used as a "feel good" excercise in >lieu of taking on the real issues and threats to existing reefs. > >You should definitely think about a couple of things: purpose (why >you are creating an artificial reef), materials (are they suitable/safe) >and how the materials will be deployed. > >PURPOSE >If you are creating an artificial reef as a fish sanctuary I think John >McManus already gave you a good overview. I'm not sure your reefs >are chronically overfished. If they are not, you would expect to see >a spill over effect onto your "new" reefs ie fish would indeed migrate >over to them. I would not expect the spill over to deplete your >existing protected areas, unless there were something forcing them >out of the protected areas. Why should terminal junk be MORE >attractive to fish than the real thing ??? > >If your purpose is reef enhancement .. terminal junk will always be >terminal junk. It may become covered in coral over time but it is >unlikely ever to mimic a "reef". You would be better going for FADs >like "Reef Balls" or similar. In any case if your reefs are being held >in check by anything other than just lack of available substrate, >you would also need to address these other factors simultaneously >in order to be able to "create" a new reef. In other words if there are >no reefs because of high sedimentation level, you would need to >stop the source of the sediment too. > >If your purpose is to please divers you are into a completely >different ball game. Not only can wrecks/junk really ease diving >pressure on real reefs but divers love this kind of stuff - Cayman is >poised to turn itself into the wreck mecca of the Caribbean - I'm >serious !. So you could be giving Cayman a run for their money. In >this case of course, you would need to select only those items >which divers find attractive. > >If your purpose however is simply for the Terminal to "legitimately" >get rid of their junk, which they would otherwise no doubt be legally >required to dispose of in a responsible fashion - I guess the answer >is "nah" ! > >MATERIALS >In terms of materials, there is a great publication entitled >"Guidelines for Marine Artificial Reef Materials" by the Gulf States >Marine Fisheries Commission No. 38 Jan 1997. This gives a blow >by blow account of overview, benefits, drawbacks and >recommendations for just about any substance someone is likely >to want to dump in the Marine Park. The web address for a >downloadable pdf version is: >http://www.gsmfc.org/pubs/SFRP/Guidelines_for_Marine_Artificial_ >Reef_Materials_January_1997.pdf > >My advice re materials, such as it is, would be to make sure they >are sufficiently heavy. The last thing you want is a junk yard which >rolls around killing what ever natural reef, in fauna etc you have >every time there is a big blow. > >And of course ... you would need to make sure it's not toxic !! > >PLACEMENT >This may not be an issue for you if your existing reefs are far >enough away from the proposed site, but you probably do need to >consider what the impact will be of getting the Terminal junk from >where it is now to where you/they want to place it. If it means >anchoring barges etc you may be doing more harm than good .... > >Current wisdom says that the material should be clustered (not >spread out across the bottom) and that it should be of >approximately the same height (no more than 1/3 water depth). Do >make sure it is not going to pose a hazard to navigation ! > >I can send you our stack of references if you would like to see what >the scientific community has written about artificial reefs. We also >have a draft fact sheet in preparation on artificial reefs which is >aimed at MPA practitioners and includes practical advice >(summarized above) which I would be happy to forward to you. Let >me know > >Good luck ! > >Kalli > > > > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Fri Nov 23 22:39:54 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA22078; Fri, 23 Nov 2001 22:39:53 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id CAA02615; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 02:37:23 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma002610; Sat, 24 Nov 01 02:36:26 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNANN400.M9O for ; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 02:33:04 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNANZO00.U4G; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 02:40:36 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA22151; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 02:40:36 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmCaqqR; Sat, 24 Nov 01 02:40:35 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA22106 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 07:30:31 GMT Received: from magnus.amnh.org (magnus.amnh.org [209.2.162.202]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id CAA21929 for ; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 02:29:50 -0500 (EST) Received: from [66.42.52.12] (dialin-43.amnh.org [209.2.163.43]) by magnus.amnh.org (8.12.1/8.12.1) with ESMTP id fAO7Stjp001047; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 02:28:57 -0500 (EST) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: brumba@mail.amnh.org Message-Id: Date: Fri, 23 Nov 2001 23:29:22 -0800 To: caribbean-biodiversity@yahoogroups.com, cmpan@ucdavis.edu, consbio@u.washington.edu, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, marbio@mote.org From: Daniel Brumbaugh Subject: Symposium: "Sustaining Seascapes," Mar 2002, AMNH Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1102 Apologies for the cross-postings... SYMPOSIUM ANNOUNCEMENT: The Center for Biodiversity and Conservation's Seventh Annual Biodiversity Symposium "SUSTAINING SEASCAPES: THE SCIENCE AND POLICY OF MARINE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT" will be held on Thursday and Friday, March 7 and 8, 2002, at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) in New York City. "Sustaining Seascapes" will explore the conservation of marine biodiversity and fisheries through the integrated design of marine protected areas (MPAs), MPA networks, and complementary coastal management frameworks. Speakers will examine the large-scale conservation of marine ecosystems - considering novel approaches to the sustainable management of biodiversity and fisheries. Through theory, reviews, and case studies, participants will explore efforts to integrate natural, socioeconomic, and cultural factors at local and regional scales in response to ongoing threats to both fisheries and biodiversity. Invited speakers will include leading marine scientists, scholars, and conservationists from a range of disciplines, such as oceanography, biology, anthropology, political science, and economics. Contributed posters will further round out the program and help facilitate discussions. TOPICS TO BE ADDRESSED INCLUDE: > An overview of the crisis in marine fisheries and biodiversity > Roles of different types of MPAs in conservation policy and practice > Physical and biological connectivity among MPAs: where oceanography meets behavior > The economics of coastal zones: fisheries, tourism, and other sectors > Anthropological and sociological dimensions of marine conservation planning and implementation > Integrating ethical perspectives into marine conservation > Analytical and practical approaches to linking social and ecological systems > Uncertainties in ecological and sociopolitical systems CASE STUDIES are being selected from both the U.S. and the international arenas. Likely subjects include (but will not be limited to): > Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Dry Tortugas National Park > Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary > Gulf of Maine > Gulf of California > Great Barrier Reef Marine Park > Philippines A list of invited and confirmed speakers will be posted on the symposium website in the near future. CALL FOR POSTERS: A limited number of posters will be accepted for presentation. Poster subjects must relate to the symposium's themes and may include theory, empirical studies, or case studies. Please limit abstracts to 300 words, and include title, author(s), and contact information for the lead author. Abstracts may be submitted to the CBC's Outreach Program Coordinator, Fiona Brady, at brady@amnh.org. The deadline for submissions is 26 January 2002. Please address questions or comments about the symposium's content to the CBC's Marine Program Manager, Dan Brumbaugh, at brumba@amnh.org. FOR SYMPOSIUM UPDATES, please visit the CBC's website http://research.amnh.org/biodiversity/symposia/seascapes/ or contact biodiversity@amnh.org to receive email updates. TO REGISTER, please contact: Central Reservations, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA, 212-769-5200 (phone), 212-769-5272 (fax), or tickets@amnh.org. Early Registration Fees (by Friday, 26 January): $100 Non-members $80 Members/Seniors $50 Students Late Registration Fees (after Friday, 26 January): $125 Non-members $100 Members/Seniors $60 Students "Members" includes members and staff of the American Museum of Natural History and the symposium's sponsoring organizations. All members, seniors, and students should be prepared to show ID at registration. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sat Nov 24 12:39:24 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id MAA25800; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 12:39:24 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id QAA04913; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 16:36:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma004909; Sat, 24 Nov 01 16:36:26 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNBQJ300.F9N for ; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 16:33:03 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNBQVN00.UND; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 13:40:35 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA06450; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 13:40:35 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA05aiMm; Sat, 24 Nov 01 13:40:34 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA23618 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 21:32:16 GMT Received: from spn25c0.fiu.edu (^D�94.68.193 [131.94.68.193] (may be forged)) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA23275 for ; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 16:31:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from fiu.edu ([131.94.2.31]) by spn25c0.fiu.edu (InterMail vK.4.03.04.01 201-232-130-101 license d3ed443c752af15f51469a1cfbdca8d5) with ESMTP id <20011124212434.GMOU20342.spn25c0@fiu.edu>; Sat, 24 Nov 2001 16:24:34 -0500 Message-ID: <3C00118A.E811A95@fiu.edu> Date: Sat, 24 Nov 2001 16:30:50 -0500 From: Laurie Richardson X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Ursula Keuper-Bennett CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Article " Global Warming Not Only Danger to Corals" References: <4.3.2.7.2.20011115164303.01e53c00@localhost> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id VAA23618 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1103 Dear Ursula (et al.): In answer to your questions about the article below= , I can provide you with some information. As to the identity of the black band = disease cyanobacterium, it was described as Phormidium corallyticum in the 1980s (Ruttzler and Santavy). As far as comments about this article, it apparently overlooks a whole se= ries of more recent published, peer-reviewed papers about the nature of this cora= l disease, which is caused by a pathogenic microbial consortium. Two paper= s specifically dealing with the dynamics and microbiology of the black band microbial community in it's entirety are: Carlton, R. and L. Richardson (1995). =93Oxygen and sulfide dynamics in a horizontally migrating cyanobacterial mat: Black band disease of corals.=94= FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 18: 155-162. Richardson, L. et al. (1997). =93Ecology of the black band disease microb= ial consortium.=94 Proc. 8th Intl. Coral Reef Symp., Smithsonian Trop. Res.= Inst., Panama 1: 597-600. In a separate response to you, Ursula, I'll list about 20 additional peer-reviewed papers about black band disease. All of them discuss the cyanobacterial member. As for other pathogenic reef cyanobacteria, very little is known (at leas= t for corals). There are varying and conflicting reports about "red band disea= se", but no definitive characterization to date. Cheers, Laurie Richardson ps If anyone else is interested in the list of all black band related pa= pers (that I know of) send me a message and I'll forward them to you as well. Ursula Keuper-Bennett wrote: > Greetings all, > > Just found this and thought others would be interested. > > I'm hoping too that someone might know what species of cyanobacteria wa= s > involved here. I'd also be interested in any comments people might hav= e > about this article and the role cyanobacteria might play in disease > expression of coral or any other marine organism. > > Many thanks, > Ursula Keuper-Bennett > TURTLE TRAX > http://www.turtles.org > > "Global Warming Not Only Danger to Corals > EarthVision Environmental News > > BOSTON, November 15, 2001 - Although scientists have warned that global > warming was wreaking havoc with corals across the globe, a creeping > bacterial infection that plagues corals, called black band disease, is > caused by a combination of human sewage and shipyard discharge research= ers > say, which means corals are facing threats on more than one front. > According to University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign geologist Bruce > Fouke and his colleagues, the corals are feeling the stress of > environmental pollution, which in turn makes them more susceptible to > bacterial infection. > > "Black band disease is characterized by a ring-shaped bacterial mat tha= t > migrates across a coral colony, leaving dead tissue in its wake," says > Fouke. "Like a tropical rainforest, a coral reef system is a cradle of > biodiversity. If we > destroy the reefs, we destroy the ocean's ability to reproduce." > > Fouke and his UI research team studied corals off the island of Curacao= in > the Netherlands Antilles, near the Venezuelan coast. To identify the > microbes inhabiting the black band biomat, the researchers extracted th= e > microbes' DNA and found several organisms that are human pathogens, whi= ch > could be a direct link to raw sewage. Also present in the biomat was a = ropy > network of cyanobacteria, a unique group of photosynthetic bacteria tha= t > cannot live without light. In field experiments, the researchers used > shields to block light from infected corals. Black band disease disappe= ared > from the regions that were not exposed to light. > > "This indicates that cyanobacteria are an important part of the disease > development, but may not be the pathogen," Fouke said. "Perhaps the > cyanobacteria form an apartment complex, allowing a variety of destruct= ive > anaerobic bacteria to take up residence in the low-oxygen microenvironm= ent." > > Although Fouke says more tests are needed to see exactly what is killin= g > the coral, he notes that all the signs point to human pollution as play= ing > a role in the destruction. Fouke presented the findings at the recent > annual meeting of > the Geological Society of America." > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Laurie L. Richardson Associate Professor Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami, Florida USA 33199 phone: 305/348-1988 fax: 305/348-1986 email: richardl@fiu.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Sun Nov 25 11:21:02 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA02480; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 11:21:02 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA09178; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:18:31 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma009166; Sun, 25 Nov 01 15:18:18 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNDHKV00.IC7 for ; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:14:55 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNDHXH00.7NL; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:22:29 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA27196; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:22:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVFayh1; Sun, 25 Nov 01 15:22:28 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA25964 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 20:09:09 GMT Received: from smtp10.atl.mindspring.net (smtp10.atl.mindspring.net [207.69.200.246]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA25971 for ; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:08:44 -0500 (EST) Received: from pool-63.49.206.189.troy.grid.net ([63.49.206.189] helo=valuedcu) by smtp10.atl.mindspring.net with smtp (Exim 3.33 #1) id 1685Zn-0007FN-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:08:32 -0500 Message-ID: <3C014F08.2507@rainforestandreef.org> Date: Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:05:29 -0500 From: Mike Nolan Reply-To: mnolan@rainforestandreef.org Organization: Rainforest and Reef 501(c)(3) non-profit X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Field Courses in Rainforest and Marine Ecology for Educators/Students Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1104 Apologies for cross-postings.... We are a non-profit organization specializing in outstanding and affordable Field Courses Rainforest and Marine Ecology presently offered in ten countries.. All programs are operated by partner organizations that have shown a strong commitment to conservation and education. Ninety-nine percent of all participation fees stay with our partners to assist in local conservation and education projects. Local Guides and Biologists are featured in the study of natural history, rainforest and coral reef ecology, medicinal uses of native plants, conservation, land management, local cultures, archaeology, geology and much more....In the past our programs have been represented by University, Community College and High School groups, as well as "independent participants"....University professors and students, K-12 teachers and science professionals. Family groups and curious travelers are also welcome. Past participants have come from across the U.S., Canada, Latin America, Europe, Australia and the Far East. While most of our programs are customized, please visit our website at http://www.rainforestandreef.org for standard Field Course itineraries. Three Undergraduate or Graduate credits are available for attending through Aquinas College (http://www.aquinas.edu) of Grand Rapids, Michigan. Family groups are also welcome. Please consider sharing this message with Students, Faculty and other interested parties, including Instructors that are presently teaching a Field Course or planning to do so in the future. Feel free to contact us with any questions that you have. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Mike Nolan ********************************************************************* Rainforest and Reef 501 (c)(3) non-profit 29 Prospect NE Suite #8 Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 USA Phone/Fax: 1-616-776-5928/Toll Free: 1-877-769-3086 Cell Phone: 1-616-813-9308 E-mail: mnolan@rainforestandreef.org Web: http://www.rainforestandreef.org "Outstanding-Affordable Field Courses in Rainforest & Marine Ecology" ********************************************************************* HIGH SCHOOL GROUP LEADER REFERENCES: Ed Eberle, Dobson High School/Mesa, AZ E-mail: eberle@amug.org Home Phone: 480-730-8941 Elleen Hutcheson, Lincoln High School/Lincoln, AR E-mail: School Phone: 501-824-3010x3067 Lori Tewksbury, Acalanes High School/Lafayette, CA E-mail: tewks@vygotsky.SoE.berkeley.edu Home Phone: 510-748-9056 Father Maurus Nemeth, Woodside Priory School/Portola, Valley, CA E-mail: mnemeth@woodsidepriory.com School Phone: 650-851-6109 Kelly Lange, Northport Public Schools/Long Island, NY E-mail: klange@northport.k12.ny.us Tracy Giacummo, BOCES Outdoor Learning Lab/Smithtown, NY E-mail: School Phone: 631-360-3652 Elise Adkins, Logan High School/Stollings, WV E-mail: Elise Adkins School Phone: 304-752-6606 Becky Martin, East Grand Rapids Public Schools/East Grand Rapids, MI E-mail: School Phone: 616-235-7551 UNIVERSITY GROUP LEADER REFERENCES: Stam Zervanos, Ph.D., Penn State University/Zoology E-mail: smz1@psu.edu School Phone: 610-396-6166 Rich Niesenbaum, Ph.D., Muhlenberg College of PA/Biology E-mail: niesenba@muhlenberg.edu School Phone: 484-664-3258 Pam Erickson, Ph.D., University of Connecticut/Anthropology E-mail: erickson@uconnvm.uconn.edu School Phone: 860-486-1736 Mac Hunter, Ph.D., University of Maine/Wildlife Ecology E-mail: Hunter@apollo.umenfa.maine.edu School Phone: 207-581-2865 Joe Goebel, Ph.D., College of New Jersey/Spanish E-mail: Joseph Goebel School Phone: 609-771-2049 Sheila Wang, Ph.D., Yale University/School of Medicine E-mail: shewangmom@aol.com Ann Throckmorton, Ph.D., Westminster College of PA/Biology E-mail: School Phone: 724-946-7206 Tom Hudspeth, Ph.D., University of Vermont/Environmental Program and School of Natural Resources E-mail: thudspet@nature.snr.uvm.edu School Phone: 802- 656-4055 Norma Diehl, Piedmont Virginia Community College/Biology E-mail: NAD2D@jade.pvcc.cc.va.us Hamish Duthie, Ph.D., University of Waterloo/Biology Waterloo, Ontario Canada Ontario Universities Field Course Consortium Hamish Duthie ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 26 03:01:52 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA07560; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 03:01:52 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA13707; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 06:59:20 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma013702; Mon, 26 Nov 01 06:58:45 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNEP4A00.H9Z for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 06:55:22 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNEPGW00.G6A; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 04:02:56 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA20692; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 04:02:56 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAG0a4zO; Mon, 26 Nov 01 04:02:55 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA27118 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 11:56:41 GMT Message-Id: <200111261156.LAA27118@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Sun, 25 Nov 2001 12:41:06 -0500 From: Michael Gochfeld To: shilohjramos@hotmail.com CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, deborahg@olemiss.edu, gochfeld , kipen Subject: Coral boilers disease Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 1105 Dear Dr. Ramos: Your message of Oct 21st to the coral-list eventually reached me. I presume that by now you have reached a diagnosis and hopefully a healthy resolution. Diseases of this sort are of great interest to us in Environmental and Occupational Medicine. I would be very interested in hearing more about this case and it sounds like it would be publishable as well----depending on what you were able to find. As my daughter pointed out in forwarding the message, coral have short-chain brominated compounds and it is possible that heating coral might drive off bromine which could account for some of the symptoms. Although the symptoms you describe are also consistent with a metal fume fever, I wouldn't expect any of the metals to be present in sufficient quantity, nor in the correct form (solid fume) to produce that illness. You mentioned "we have already begun testing...." and I wonder whether you were testing the patients, or the coral, or the water in which they were boiled. Were the coral commercially obtained (hence presumably dried) or were they brought back fresh from a tropical trip. Did the symptoms begin while they were boiling the coral or afterwards. How soon after the boiling event did the symptoms begin and was this done indoors in a small room or kitchen or laboratory??? Were the seven patients the only ones exposed and were all exposed for about the same duration. Was the water fresh (our of the tap) or might it have been water that had stood around for a while (hence your interest in Legionella). Were there Xray findings. Is it possible that the seven had another exposure and the coral-boiling was a red herring. In your contact with the Coral list did you encounter other similar cases. I look forward to learning more about this fascinating episode. Michael Gochfeld Michael Gochfeld, MD, PhD Professor of Environmental and Community Medicine UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Piscataway, NJ 08854 >Date: Sun, 21 Oct 2001 20:34:53 -0500 >From: Shiloh Ramos >To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov >Subject: Recent illness after boiling coral >Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov > >I am a resident physician in Appleton, WI, currently working at Appleton >Medical Center. I have an inquiry regarding coral. Recently, we admitted >7 patients with similar symptoms after boiling coral for a saltwater fish >tank. Their primary symptoms/signs include: shortness of breath, fever, >headache, dry cough, and an elevated white count. All 7 patients >developed these symptoms within several hours after boiling the coral. >We have already begun testing for chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, >carbon monoxide, cyanide, and legionella. We were wondering if you might >have any advice as to other substances that might be contained in coral or >used in its processing for sale. As well, any advice regarding possible >infectious agents (such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus), would be appreciated. > >Please send any email to shilohjramos@hotmail.com. If you have a more >immediate response, you can phone (920) 831-5042, and they should be able >to easily locate me. > >Thanks again, >Shiloh J. Ramos ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 26 06:29:47 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id GAA10287; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 06:29:47 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id KAA16722; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 10:27:16 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma016703; Mon, 26 Nov 01 10:26:43 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNEYQW00.2BV for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 10:23:20 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNEZ3I00.RNQ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 07:30:54 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA14716; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 07:30:54 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAChaGUC; Mon, 26 Nov 01 07:30:53 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA27634 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 15:27:19 GMT Received: from hercules.geology.uiuc.edu (hercules.geology.uiuc.edu [128.174.76.73]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA27475 for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 10:26:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from [128.174.76.124] (chix.geology.uiuc.edu [128.174.76.124]) by hercules.geology.uiuc.edu (8.10.2+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id fAQFER705288 for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 09:14:28 -0600 (CST) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: bfouke@hercules.geology.uiuc.edu Message-Id: Date: Mon, 26 Nov 2001 09:25:24 -0600 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: "Bruce W. Fouke" Subject: Black Band Disease Molecular Analyses Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1205334170==_ma============" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1106 --============_-1205334170==_ma============ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" Dear Ursula, The article you referenced was a news brief written by EarthVision summarizing a presentation that Professor Abigail Salyers (Illinois Microbiology) and I made on our newly initiated coral black band disease (BBD) research at the November 2001 Geological Society of America meeting in Boston. We have just submitted a manuscript summarizing this work to Applied and Environmental Microbiology. In this manuscript, all of the previous work on BBD and some other relevant diseases has been thoroughly referenced. The manuscript includes full references to the excellent series of previous studies by workers such as Richardson, Rutzler, Santavy, Antonius, Carlton, Kuta, Schnell, Peters, Edmunds, Goreau, Williams, Rohwer, and several others (a total of 77 citations). In our pilot study, PCR amplification and sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes with universally conserved rDNA primers has identified over 524 unique bacterial sequences affiliated with 12 bacterial divisions. The molecular sequences exhibited less than 5% similarity in bacterial community composition between seawater and the healthy, black band diseased, and dead coral surfaces. Clone libraries from the BBD bacterial mat were comprised of eight bacterial divisions and 13% unknowns. Several sequences representing bacteria previously found in other marine and terrestrial organisms (including humans) were isolated from the infected coral surfaces. Interestingly enough, although the filamentous cyanobacterium in the BBD mat has been previously optically identified as Phormidium corallyticum (Rutzler and Santavy, 1983) there is no sequence in GenBank for P. corallyticum. This has been puzzling because a 1995 abstract suggests that P. corallyticum had been isolated and sequenced (Santavy, Schmidt, and Wilkinson, 1995; Phylogeny of Phormidium corallyticum using 16S rRNA, 7th Annual Symposium on Environmental Releases of Biotechnology Products, ERL GB S665). Please contact me directly if you would like to receive a preprint or have any further questions. Best regards, Bruce -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Bruce W. Fouke, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Geology University of Illinois 1301 W. Green Street Urbana, IL 61801 USA Office Phone: (217) 244-5431 Office FAX: (217) 244-4996 Lab Phones: (217) 333-0672 or (217) 244-9848 Email: fouke@uiuc.edu Web Site: http://www.geology.uiuc.edu/~bfouke/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ --============_-1205334170==_ma============ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Black Band Disease Molecular Analyses

Dear Ursula,

The article you referenced was a news brief written by EarthVision summarizing a presentation that Professor Abigail Salyers (Illinois Microbiology) and I made on our newly initiated coral black band disease (BBD) research at the November 2001 Geological Society of America meeting in Boston.

We have just submitted a manuscript summarizing this work to Applied and Environmental Microbiology. In this manuscript, all of the previous work on BBD and some other relevant diseases has been thoroughly referenced. The manuscript includes full references to the excellent series of previous studies by workers such as Richardson, Rutzler, Santavy, Antonius, Carlton, Kuta, Schnell, Peters, Edmunds, Goreau, Williams, Rohwer, and several others (a total of 77 citations).

In our pilot study, PCR amplification and sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes with universally conserved rDNA primers has identified over 524 unique bacterial sequences affiliated with 12 bacterial divisions. The molecular sequences exhibited less than 5% similarity in bacterial community composition between seawater and the healthy, black band diseased, and dead coral surfaces. Clone libraries from the BBD bacterial mat were comprised of eight bacterial divisions and 13% unknowns. Several sequences representing bacteria previously found in other marine and terrestrial organisms (including humans) were isolated from the infected coral surfaces.

Interestingly enough, although the filamentous cyanobacterium in the BBD mat has been previously optically identified as Phormidium corallyticum (Rutzler and Santavy, 1983) there is no sequence in GenBank for P. corallyticum. This has been puzzling because a 1995 abstract suggests that P. corallyticum had been isolated and sequenced (Santavy, Schmidt, and Wilkinson, 1995; Phylogeny of Phormidium corallyticum using 16S rRNA, 7th Annual Symposium on Environmental Releases of Biotechnology Products, ERL GB S665).

Please contact me directly if you would like to receive a preprint or have any further questions.

Best regards, Bruce

--

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Bruce W. Fouke, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Department of Geology
University of Illinois
1301 W. Green Street
Urbana, IL 61801 USA

Office Phone: (217) 244-5431 Office FAX: (217) 244-4996
Lab Phones: (217) 333-0672 or (217) 244-9848
Email: fouke@uiuc.edu
Web Site: http://www.geology.uiuc.edu/~bfouke/

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

--============_-1205334170==_ma============-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 26 15:02:48 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id PAA05714; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 15:02:47 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id TAA06785; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 19:00:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma006773; Mon, 26 Nov 01 18:59:45 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNFMHX00.0EA for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 18:56:21 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNFMUL00.UN8; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 19:03:57 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id TAA02187; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 19:03:56 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAARtaqre; Mon, 26 Nov 01 19:03:55 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA28684 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 23:56:08 GMT Received: from pchgate.pch.gc.ca (pchgate.pch.gc.ca [167.33.21.2]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id SAA28437 for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 18:55:56 -0500 (EST) From: Tomas_Tomascik@pch.gc.ca Received: from relay.pch.gc.ca by pchgate.pch.gc.ca via smtpd (for coral.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.248]) with SMTP; 26 Nov 2001 23:55:46 UT Received: (private information removed) Received: (private information removed) X-Lotus-FromDomain: PCH To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-ID: <85256B10.00836B2E.00@pch.gc.ca> Date: Mon, 26 Nov 2001 15:55:29 -0800 Subject: ASLO Summer 2002 meeting in Victoria, BC Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1107 Hello everyone: I would like to draw your attention to an upcoming ASLO meeting that will be held June 10-14, 2002 at the University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. I am organizing a special session on Marine Protected Areas, please see details below. I would like to encourage all who are doing MPA research to attend, and submit abstracts for oral or poster presentations by January 20, 2002. Submission information can be obtained from the following web site: I hope to see many of you here in beautiful British Columbia - we got some great diving!! Cheers, Tom SS 1-10 Marine Protected Areas: Critical tools for marine biodiversity conservation Organizer: Tomas Tomascik Description: Even though there is widespread consensus on the role and utility of MPAs in conservation of marine biodiversity and fisheries management, their future remains uncertain. Serious questions about the efficacy of MPAs are being raised again both in Canada and USA. This special session will address key concerns voiced in current debates on MPAs, and bring the latest MPA research results into a widely respected scientific forum. The symposium will focus on the current status of MPA science, and its role in the conservation of marine biodiversity and rehabilitation of coastal fisheries. Questions to be addressed will include: 1) Where should MPAs be sited and the importance of MPA networks; 2) How large should MPAs be to meet both biodiversity conservation and coastal fisheries management needs? 3) How do MPAs function in terms of biodiversity conservation and fisheries management? 4) What is the empirical evidence to support the role of MPAs as tools for marine biodiversity conservation and fisheries management? ______________________________________________ Tomas Tomascik, Ph.D. Adjunct Professor, Dept. Botany, University of British Columbia Senior Advisor, Marine Conservation Parks Canada Agency Western Canada Service Centre 300 - 300 West Georgia Street Vancouver, B.C. V6B 6B4 Telephone: (604) 666-1182 Fax: (604) 666-7957 E-mail: tomas_tomascik@pch.gc.ca ________________________________________________ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Mon Nov 26 16:08:03 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id QAA06198; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 16:08:02 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id UAA07568; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 20:05:32 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma007564; Mon, 26 Nov 01 20:04:54 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNFPII00.SDS for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 20:01:30 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNFPV400.B1Y; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 17:09:04 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA15716; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 17:09:04 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhEa4RE; Mon, 26 Nov 01 17:09:04 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA28734 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 01:04:10 GMT Received: from teri.usp.ac.fj (teri.usp.ac.fj [144.120.8.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id UAA28913 for ; Mon, 26 Nov 2001 20:03:53 -0500 (EST) From: s96008249@student.usp.ac.fj Received: (qmail 19101 invoked by uid 218); 27 Nov 2001 01:03:40 -0000 Received: from s96008249@student.usp.ac.fj by teri.usp.ac.fj with qmail-scanner-0.96 (. Clean. Processed in 0.092869 secs); 27 Nov 2001 01:03:40 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO PC7134) (144.120.26.217) by teri.usp.ac.fj with SMTP; 27 Nov 2001 01:03:39 -0000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2001 12:58:57 -0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/enriched; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: ecomorphs Message-ID: <3C038E11.15147.DEF9EF@localhost> X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12c) Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1108 0100,0100,0100Hi everyone, I wonder if anyone has cited papers on ecomorphs of anything. I've been searching on the web, unfortunately no results seen. I would appreciate references of articles. Thank you, Subhashni Appana The University of the South Pacific, Fiji Subhashni Appana MSc The Marine Studies Programme, The University of the South Pacific, Fiji. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 27 03:00:33 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA08565; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 03:00:33 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA11073; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 06:58:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011069; Tue, 27 Nov 01 06:58:00 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNGJR100.BEG for ; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 06:54:37 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNGK3O00.JBN; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 04:02:12 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA27894; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 04:02:11 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoOaGD2; Tue, 27 Nov 01 04:02:11 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA29551 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 11:56:25 GMT Message-Id: <200111271156.LAA29551@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Jaime Garzon" To: Subject: Reef Monitoring in Tropical America (RMTA) Date: Mon, 26 Nov 2001 17:43:55 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1109 Dear colleagues: The Institute for Marine and Coastal Research (INVEMAR) at Santa Marta, = Colombia, is gathering information to build an inventory of past and = present coral reef monitoring activities in the coasts of tropical = America =96RMTA- (Western Atlantic, Wider Caribbean and Eastern = Pacific), with the support of GCRMN, AIMS, NOAA, ICLARM-ReefBase, = CARICOMP and WRI. The main products of this effort will be a database = and a series of electronic maps in GIS format, which will be available = on several web sites for public consultation. For this reason, we are asking collaboration from persons in charge of = coordinating monitoring activities in any of the regions mentioned = above, by filling a short attached questionnaire. One form must be = filled for each locality covered by the monitoring program. In the = present case, a locality must be considered as a geographic site = separated from other(s) by at least one (1) minute of latitude or = longitude or about one nautical mile (1.8 km). We will include your name = as the provider of these data. If there is common information for every locality or for some of them, = regarding the second and third sections (II. VARIABLES=96METHODS and = III. MONITORING PROGRAM), please fill the corresponding blanks just = once, and repeat the first section (I. LOCALITY INFORMATION) many times = as necessary to cover each locality. Please send the information or any question directly to Jaime = Garz=F3n-Ferreira preferably by e-mail (jgarzon@invemar.org.co ). Thanking in advance for your help, we remain, Sincerely, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jaime Garz=F3n-Ferreira Jefe de Proyectos - Programa BEM (Biodiversidad y Ecosistemas Marinos) INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS ( INVEMAR ) Zona Portuaria (A. A=E9reo 1016) - Santa Marta, Colombia Tel (57-5)4214774 =F3 4211380 - Fax (57-5) 4211377 =F3 4215181 E-mail: jgarzon@invemar.org.co - http://www.invemar.org.co ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 27 03:00:33 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA08565; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 03:00:33 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA11073; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 06:58:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011069; Tue, 27 Nov 01 06:58:00 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNGJR100.BEG for ; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 06:54:37 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNGK3O00.JBN; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 04:02:12 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id EAA27894; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 04:02:11 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAoOaGD2; Tue, 27 Nov 01 04:02:11 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA29551 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 11:56:25 GMT Message-Id: <200111271156.LAA29551@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Jaime Garzon" To: Subject: Reef Monitoring in Tropical America (RMTA) Date: Mon, 26 Nov 2001 17:43:55 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 1110 Dear colleagues: The Institute for Marine and Coastal Research (INVEMAR) at Santa Marta, = Colombia, is gathering information to build an inventory of past and = present coral reef monitoring activities in the coasts of tropical = America =96RMTA- (Western Atlantic, Wider Caribbean and Eastern = Pacific), with the support of GCRMN, AIMS, NOAA, ICLARM-ReefBase, = CARICOMP and WRI. The main products of this effort will be a database = and a series of electronic maps in GIS format, which will be available = on several web sites for public consultation. For this reason, we are asking collaboration from persons in charge of = coordinating monitoring activities in any of the regions mentioned = above, by filling a short attached questionnaire. One form must be = filled for each locality covered by the monitoring program. In the = present case, a locality must be considered as a geographic site = separated from other(s) by at least one (1) minute of latitude or = longitude or about one nautical mile (1.8 km). We will include your name = as the provider of these data. If there is common information for every locality or for some of them, = regarding the second and third sections (II. VARIABLES=96METHODS and = III. MONITORING PROGRAM), please fill the corresponding blanks just = once, and repeat the first section (I. LOCALITY INFORMATION) many times = as necessary to cover each locality. Please send the information or any question directly to Jaime = Garz=F3n-Ferreira preferably by e-mail (jgarzon@invemar.org.co ). Thanking in advance for your help, we remain, Sincerely, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jaime Garz=F3n-Ferreira Jefe de Proyectos - Programa BEM (Biodiversidad y Ecosistemas Marinos) INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS ( INVEMAR ) Zona Portuaria (A. A=E9reo 1016) - Santa Marta, Colombia Tel (57-5)4214774 =F3 4211380 - Fax (57-5) 4211377 =F3 4215181 E-mail: jgarzon@invemar.org.co - http://www.invemar.org.co ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Tue Nov 27 13:54:37 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA25532; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 13:54:36 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id RAA22033; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 17:52:05 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022025; Tue, 27 Nov 01 17:51:20 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNHDZS00.II8 for ; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 17:47:52 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNHECF00.4KS; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 17:55:27 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA20978; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 17:55:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAg0ay9O; Tue, 27 Nov 01 17:55:26 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA30970 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 22:49:56 GMT Received: from aims.gov.au (purple.aims.gov.au [138.7.104.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA30963 for ; Tue, 27 Nov 2001 17:49:29 -0500 (EST) Received: by aims.gov.au; id IAA00931; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 08:45:31 +1000 (EST) Received: from int-mail.aims.gov.au(138.7.32.14) by purple.aims.gov.au via csmap (V4.1) id srcDAAVla4Zb; Wed, 28 Nov 01 08:45:30 +1000 Received: from TDONEHOME.aims.gov.au (ppp-04.aims.gov.au [138.7.56.4]) by conch.aims.gov.au (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id IAA19796; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 08:49:02 +1000 (EST) Message-Id: <5.0.0.25.2.20011128081607.01d72320@email.aims.gov.au> X-Sender: tdone@email.aims.gov.au X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.0 Date: Wed, 28 Nov 2001 08:48:53 +1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Terry Done Subject: Update: Proceedings of the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium Cc: Terry Done , Barbara Brown <101515.1267@compuserve.com>, Pete Edmunds , John Ware , Richard Aronson , Nick Polunin , Suharsono , Chou Loke Ming , Hector Guzman , Carden Wallace , Robert Richmond , Kristian Teleki , Dick Dodge , Helge Vogt , Hajime Kayanne , Rob Van Woesik , , Kathleen Sullivan , Lucien Montaggioni , Jaime Garzon-Ferriera Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=====================_4763509==_.ALT" Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1111 --=====================_4763509==_.ALT Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Dear coral-listers, A list of the papers accepted for Proceedings of 9ICRS is now posted at www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs. The Proceedings, which are an excellent record of the Symposium, will comprise around 200 papers and 1200 pages There will be a print run of 1500 copies, comprising about 1000 for fully paid registrants, and about 500 for sale and donation to needy institutions. As soon as possible, ISRS will announce more details on dates of distribution to fully paid registrants, and how others may order copies. I invite individuals and organizations who are interested in supporting the ISRS and the Indonesian Organizing Committee in our Proceedings donation program to contact me. For those organizations interested in receiving a donation of the Proceedings, a call will be made for expressions of interest once the Proceedings are published. Dr Terry Done President, International Society for Reef Studies c/- Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone@aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs --=====================_4763509==_.ALT Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Dear coral-listers,

A list of the papers accepted for Proceedings of 9ICRS is now posted at www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs. The Proceedings, which are an excellent record of the Symposium, will comprise around 200 papers and 1200 pages

There will be a print run of 1500 copies, comprising about 1000 for fully paid registrants, and about 500 for sale and donation to needy institutions.

As soon as possible, ISRS will announce more details on dates of distribution to fully paid registrants, and how others may order copies.

I invite individuals and organizations who are interested in supporting the ISRS and the Indonesian Organizing Committee in our Proceedings donation program to contact me.

For those organizations interested in receiving a donation of the Proceedings, a call will be made for expressions of interest once the Proceedings are published.

Dear coral listers,

I=B4m a pos-graduated student at Rio de Janeiro = State=20 University researching about the Scleractinian coral Tubastraea = in=20 Brazil. I would like to receive some informations about = this coral=20 in others localites: growth, reproduction, distribution or thing = that you=20 observed...

= =20 = =20 = =20 Thank you! =20 Alline

Alline Figueira de Paula

Laborat=F3rio de=20 Ecologia Marinha B=EAntica

Departamento de Ecologia

Universidade do Estado do Rio de = Janeiro

Rua S=E3o Francisco Xavier 524, PHLC Sala = 220

CEP 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro - = RJ

Tel. + 55 21 587-7328/7593 R 25

Fax + 55 21 587-7655

e-mail: pgbm0002@uerj.br

alline@cosmevelho.com.br=20

------=_NextPart_000_0010_01C17843.B4F854C0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Wed Nov 28 19:28:25 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id TAA09039; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 19:28:24 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id XAA18795; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:25:52 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018791; Wed, 28 Nov 01 23:24:53 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNJO3T00.TIO for ; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:21:29 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNJOGI00.HRF; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:29:06 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id XAA01448; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:29:05 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAl9ai0c; Wed, 28 Nov 01 23:29:05 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA01570 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 04:19:26 GMT Received: from siaag1aa.compuserve.com (siaag1aa.compuserve.com [149.174.40.3]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA01566 for ; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:19:15 -0500 (EST) Received: (from mailgate@localhost) by siaag1aa.compuserve.com (8.9.3/8.9.3/SUN-1.12) id XAA29905; Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:18:35 -0500 (EST) Date: Wed, 28 Nov 2001 23:17:45 -0500 From: McCarty and Peters Subject: Re: VIRUS To: "stephen.buckland1@btinternet.com" , Coral Reef List Server Message-ID: <200111282317_MC3-E879-1665@compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id XAA01571 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: A X-Keywords: X-UID: 1119 Mr. Buckland, >> the virus came through as a reply to a job application << Ugh! That's cold, very cold... >> one of those 'starving students'), while in the process of buying virus protection software off the web! << While it may be too late, you (and other students on the list) might want to check out a trusty "old" product that runs under DOS. Its called F-Prot and the DOS version is free. It will run under various flavors of Windows as well. Not elegant, not a fancy interface, but it does the job to a large degree, its kept up to date, and the price is hard to beat. You can find information at: http://www.f-prot.com/f-prot/products/fpdos.html Might be worth a look. Good luck in any event. Chip McCarty ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 29 02:39:45 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA10546; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 02:39:44 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA20738; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 06:37:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma020734; Thu, 29 Nov 01 06:36:27 -0500 Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([161.55.16.21]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNK83300.9IT for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 06:33:03 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNK8FR00.35D; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 03:40:39 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA09332; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 03:40:39 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtLaaos; Thu, 29 Nov 01 03:40:38 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA02401 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 11:33:34 GMT Received: from mail.icam.fr (mail.icam.fr [213.244.21.147]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA02402 for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 06:33:12 -0500 (EST) Received: by mail.icam.fr from localhost (router,SLMail V4.3); Thu, 29 Nov 2001 12:34:27 +0100 for Received: from alex [10.48.101.91] by mail.icam.fr [213.244.21.147] (SLmail 4.3.0.3454) with SMTP id BAC77C5ADE6511D58BC40000E88E6335 for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 12:34:26 0100 From: "Alexandre Brunet" To: Subject: Experiment Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 12:33:10 +0100 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 X-SLUIDL: B99F16CE-DE6511D5-8BC40000-E88E6335 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1120 Dear Coral listers, At present time, I am in an engineer French school : ICAM (Institut Catholique dArts et Mitiers) in Lille. During our studies, at the end of the first year of the engineer cycle, we have to set up a project called + experiment ; from may to september 2002. Its aim is to allow us to realize a dream or an experience ; moreover it must provide for our subsistence. During this period, I wish to go to Oceania, Pacific islands or other countries in order to work in a research center, to discover a different culture and to live in close touch with nature : indeed, I like very much maritime environment and observation of animals in their natural surroundings ; moreover I enjoy diving. I would be very interested to work in a research center or in an University. Having some knowledge of biological, physics, engineer and computer sciences, I wish to bring my scientific contribution to a project about the coral. Thanks to my ICAM studies, I am used to adapt to different circumstances and people and work with the others. I think exchanging ideas in a team of researchers would be enriching. Thank you in advance for your help. Alexandre Brunet + Le Castelys ; Chemin des chartreux 62 219 Longuenesse France alexandre.brunet@icam.fr ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 29 03:54:58 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id DAA10910; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 03:54:57 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id HAA21391; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 07:52:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma021383; Thu, 29 Nov 01 07:52:18 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNKBLI00.BKG for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 07:48:54 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNKBY700.IXL; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 07:56:31 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA06766; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 07:56:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAM2aWhn; Thu, 29 Nov 01 07:56:30 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA02524 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 12:50:58 GMT Message-Id: <200111291250.MAA02524@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Jordan Peavey" To: Subject: New Report on Coral Bleaching! Date: Wed, 28 Nov 2001 13:57:18 -0500 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1121 Scientists from the Nature Conservancy and World Wildlife Fund suggested that the coral-list group might be interested in this news of a ground breaking report being released by the two groups. The report suggests new principals for protecting reefs and helping reefs recover from bleaching events. I've included the press release for more information below. Please call me at 703-841-5980 if you would like to talk to one of our scientists or obtain any other information. A copy of the report is available at www.conserveonline.com. Thanks. Jordan Peavey The Nature Conservancy FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contacts: Kathleen Sullivan, World Wildlife Fund, 202-778-9576 or kathleen.sullivan@wwfus.org Jordan Peavey, The Nature Conservancy, 703-841-5980 or jpeavey@tnc.org Marine Protected Areas Aid Coral Reefs Threatened by Global Warming The Nature Conservancy and World Wildlife Fund Release Ground Breaking Report About Protecting Coral Reefs WASHINGTON, (Nov. 28, 2001) � A new report from World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and The Nature Conservancy provides scientists, policy makers and park managers with new science-based principles for managing protected coral reefs, helping reefs survive and recover from coral bleaching incidents and guiding the location and management of new marine protected areas. Entitled Coral Bleaching and Marine Protected Areas, the report captures the findings of the first workshop on management strategies designed to help mitigate the impact of global warming on coral reef health in protected areas. When corals are exposed to stressful conditions they lose the colorful symbiotic algae that are necessary to their continued health and survival. This "bleaching" is often brought on by increased sea temperatures that accompany global warming. Human-induced emissions of carbon dioxide and other gases blanket the world and trap in heat, causing global warming. "To save coral reefs, we need to develop better management to protect reefs around the world and, at the same time, act to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions that cause global warming," said Dr. Ghislaine Llewellyn, a WWF marine conservation scientist and contributor to the report. "This report suggests that there are practical measures we can take to help protect corals." In the last decade, climate change has emerged as a significant threat to coral reefs, with large areas of reefs dying off due to coral bleaching. Coral bleaching has been particularly severe in the Indian Ocean, where as many as 50-95 percent of all corals died. "Many of our coral reefs are being devastated by emerging global threats, like climate-related bleaching, that cannot be managed on site," said Rod Salm, the original proponent of the ideas discussed at the workshop. Salm is director of The Nature Conservancy�s Asia Pacific coastal and marine program and an editor of the report. "But some coral communities are surviving these threats and these reefs can provide profound insight on how we can protect these precious ecosystems. We need to examine the factors that help these communities survive and use them as the foundations for our future coral reef conservation action." Coral Bleaching and Marine Protected Areas provides the basis for further research and monitoring to refine common characteristics among coral reef communities that survive the effects of global warming. Findings are expected to provide further insight into effective coral reef conservation policies and management strategies for marine protected areas. Coral reefs are one of the most threatened marine ecosystems. At least two thirds of the worlds reefs are considered to be deteriorating and significant losses are predicted in the next decade. Reefs face threats from a variety of sources ranging from the complex and wide ranging problems like global warming to destructive localized industries such as fishing with bombs and cyanide to mining of corals for building material, sedimentation, pollution and coastal development. "Coral reefs are being negatively affected by local, regional and global influences and it is critical that we use management tools focused on preserving coral reefs at each of these levels," said Billy Causey, superintendent of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. "While local and regional pollution, over-fishing and habitat destruction present major threats to coral reefs, the global impact of coral bleaching is killing corals at an alarming rate." The report was released this week at a International Coral Reef Initiative workshop in Maputo, Mozambique where international policy makers, scientists and park managers are meeting to call on the world's leaders to be responsible managers and to help save coral reefs. The report can also be found online at www.conserveonline.org. The release of the workshop report coincides with the launch of a worldwide survey to further determine the role certain environmental factors may have in helping coral communities resist or rapidly recover from bleaching. The survey will be conducted through a questionnaire posted on the ReefBase Web site (www.reefbase.org/questionaire/index.asp), is expected to take six months, and is a contribution to the International Biodiversity Observation Year. All coral reef researchers and managers are urged to contribute to this global assessment and complete the questionnaire. About Coral Reefs Coral reefs are extremely productive ecosystems that feed a billion people annually. An estimated two million species live in reefs; species that could represent a natural pharmacy that holds great promise in the search for powerful new biochemical compounds ranging from cancer fighting agents to sunscreens. Coral reefs provide a source of food and livelihood security for millions of coastal communities throughout the tropical developing world and their aesthetic appeal supports a multi-billion dollar tourism and recreational diving industry. About The Nature Conservancy The Nature Conservancy is a private, international, non-profit organization established in 1951 to preserve plants, animals and natural communities that represent the diversity of life on earth by protecting the lands and waters they need to survive. To date, the Conservancy and its more than 1 million members have been responsible for the protection of more than 12 million acres in the United States, and have helped through partnerships to preserve more than 80 million acres in Latin America, the Caribbean, Canada, Asia and the Pacific. Visit the Conservancy on the world wide web at www.nature.org About World Wildlife Fund World Wildlife Fund (WWF), known worldwide by its panda logo, leads international efforts to protect the diversity of life on earth. Now in its fourth decade, WWF works in more than 100 countries around the globe. In Asia, Africa, and Latin America, in places as diverse as the Phillippines Sulu Sea and the Florida Keys, WWF has been working to set up dozens of marine protected areas to conserve precious habitats and the species they contain. Learn more about WWF and its efforts by visiting www.worldwildlife.org. ### Jordan Peavey The Nature Conservancy please note my new number direct line: 703-841-5980 media line: 703-841-4220 fax: 703-841-9692 jpeavey@tnc.org http://nature.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From hendee@aoml.noaa.gov Thu Nov 29 04:49:07 2001 -0500 Return-Path: Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id EAA11377; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 04:49:06 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id IAA22054; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 08:46:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(140.90.71.29) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma022039; Thu, 29 Nov 01 08:46:13 -0500 Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([205.156.4.216]) by ms-oartest.oar.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNKE3D00.FJR for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 08:42:49 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNKEG200.KYC; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 08:50:26 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA14980; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 08:50:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAARNa4pD; Thu, 29 Nov 01 08:50:25 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA02626 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 13:44:56 GMT Received: from mail.prtc.net (mail.prtc.net [196.28.48.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA02620 for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 08:44:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from corals ([66.50.113.198]) by mail.prtc.net (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with SMTP id GNKDE000.U55 for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 09:27:36 -0400 Message-ID: <001901c178db$40357260$c6713242@TheEcoIsp.com.net> From: "CORALations" To: "Coral-List" Subject: Sept. 11 impacting reefs Date: Wed, 28 Nov 2001 18:14:03 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000A_01C17838.75C793C0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Status: RO X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 1122 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000A_01C17838.75C793C0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable For those interested in an update on military target maneuvers on the = Caribbean island of Vieques, =20 there is an excellent article:=20 Juan Giusti-Cordero, "Vieques after September 11: KO'ed in the 12th = round?," The American Prospect Online, November 26, 2001.=20 This article can be found at: = http://americanprospect.com/webfeatures/2001/11/index.html=20 Background:=20 Vieques coral reefs have been described by marine scientists as being of = global importance. Last year, Dr. Porter from the University of Georgia = documented the coral reefs suffered serious impact from military = practice maneuvers. Photo and article at: http://www.viequeslibre.addr.com/start.html The changing political climate after Sept. 11th may again threaten these = reefs with "live fire" target practice.=20 Mary Ann Lucking Project Coordinator CORALations Conservar Cuidar Educar Conserve Nurture Educate P.O. Box 750 Culebra, PR 00775 1-877-77CORAL / (1-877-772-6725) www.coralations.org email: corals@prtc.net ------=_NextPart_000_000A_01C17838.75C793C0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

For those interested in an update on military target maneuvers = on the=20 Caribbean island of Vieques,

there is an excellent article: =

Juan Giusti-Cordero, "Vieques after = September=20 11: KO'ed in the 12th round?," The American Prospect Online, = November 26,=20 2001.

This article can be found at: http:= //americanprospect.com/webfeatures/2001/11/index.html

Background:

Vieques coral reefs have been described = by marine=20 scientists as being of global importance. Last year, Dr. Porter = from the=20 University of Georgia documented the coral reefs suffered serious impact = from=20 military practice maneuvers. Photo and article at:

http://www.viequesli= bre.addr.com/start.html

The changing political climate after = Sept. 11th may=20 again threaten these reefs with "live fire" target=20 practice.

Mary Ann Lucking

Project Coordinator

CORALations

Conservar =20 Cuidar Educar

=20 Conserve Nurture =20 Educate

P.O. Box=20 750

Culebra, = PR =20 00775

1-877-77CORAL /=20 (1-877-772-6725)

www.coralations.org

email: corals@prtc.net
=

------=_NextPart_000_000A_01C17838.75C793C0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:31 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO4Q0C00.T67 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:12:12 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO4Q6U00.VT2; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:16:06 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA01333; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:16:05 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAT_aqMc; Mon, 10 Dec 01 08:16:05 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA25576 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:02:54 GMT Received: from dove2.cf.ac.uk (dove2.cf.ac.uk [131.251.1.170]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA25950 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:02:40 -0500 (EST) Received: from maincf4s.cf.ac.uk ([131.251.7.87]) by dove2.cf.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 3.03 #2) id 16DQ4E-000053-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:01:58 +0000 Received: from MAINCF4S/SpoolDir by MAINCF4S.CF.AC.UK (Mercury 1.48); 10 Dec 01 13:01:33 GMT0BST Received: from SpoolDir by MAINCF4S (Mercury 1.48); 10 Dec 01 13:01:21 GMT0BST From: "Vicki Howe" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:01:14 GMT0BST MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: Los Roques, Venezuela Message-ID: <3C14B209.27639.9E393C@localhost> X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12c) Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear All I am interested in making contact with any one who has or is conducting research within the Marine Park of Los Roques, Venezuela. In addition any information regarding the management of the Marine Park including turtle conservation would also be useful. Thank you for your assistance Vicki Dr Vicki Howe Department of Earth Sciences Cardiff University PO Box 914 Cardiff CF10 3YP Tel : 029 20874830 ex 5026 Mobile:07779 278841 Fax: 029 20874326 Email: Howev@cf.ac.uk ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:31 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO4RPS00.E5I for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:49:04 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO4RW800.RD7; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 05:52:56 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA25354; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 05:52:56 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAjMaiHX; Mon, 10 Dec 01 05:52:55 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA25761 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:41:16 GMT Received: from webmail.uvi.edu (webmail.uvi.edu [146.226.2.49]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA25630 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:40:57 -0500 (EST) Received: from uvi.edu (tturner.uvi.edu [146.226.4.21]) by webmail.uvi.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA08979; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 09:40:39 -0400 (AST) Message-ID: <3C14BB59.A0B89922@uvi.edu> Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 09:40:41 -0400 From: Teresa Turner Reply-To: Teresa.Turner@uvi.edu Organization: University of the Virgin Islands X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en] (Win95; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: milviapin@yahoo.com CC: marbio@marinelab.sarasota.fl.us, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: info request/Marine science degrees for foreign students References: <20011209233148.9374.qmail@web14509.mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 At the University of the Virgin Islands there is a small undergraduate degree program in marine biology. Students may earn a BA degree or a BS degree. There is funding to support strong minority students through the NSF-HBCU-UP program and the NIH MARC and RISE programs. Students take field oriented classes such as invertebrate zoology, aquatic botany, ichthyology, oceanography, marine ecology, coral reef biology and physics, chemistry, calculus, statistics, research diving, and computer science. Classes are under 20 in size and emphasis is placed on critical thinking. Students take an oral exam in the senior year and present two 50 minute seminars in the senior year. Our graduates have been very successful and have gone on to graduate programs at Yale, University of Georgia (Chris Jeffrey), University of Rhode Island, University of Puerto Rico, University of South Florida, University of Otago in New Zealand (Franz Smith), and others. Our faculty membvers include Dr. Rick Nemeth (coral reef fish), Dr. Sandra Romano (coral evolution), Dr. Jim Battey (coral symbiosis), Dr. Steve Ratchford (animal behavior), Dr. Lori Buckley (ichthyology), Professor Roy Watlington (physical oceanography), and Dr. Teresa Turner (marine ecology, algae and sea grasses). Silvia Pinca wrote: > > Dear listers, > I'm looking for info/sugestions about small > colleges in US where a degreee in Marine Science > is offered. Three students from the College of > the Marshall Islands are searching for options to > transfer to an American college to get their > Minor in Biology/Marine Biology. I would > appreciate if any of you could come out with good > suggestions on where to apply. Preferences are > for tropical systems. > I appreciate your help in advanc, > Sincerely, > > ===== > Silvia Pinca, > > Marine Science Program > College of the Marshall Islands > P.O. Box 1258 > Majuro, MH 96960 > ph. 692-625-5903 > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Send your FREE holiday greetings online! > http://greetings.yahoo.com > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- | Dr. Teresa Turner tturner@uvi.edu | | Science and Math | | University of the Virgin Islands | | St. Thomas, VI 00802 (340) 693-1382 | ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:31 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO56G300.75H for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 14:07:15 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO56ML00.OU5; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 11:11:09 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA18608; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 11:11:08 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZ2aitK; Mon, 10 Dec 01 11:11:08 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA26578 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 18:57:24 GMT Received: from ilhawaii.net (maile.ilhawaii.net [207.12.19.104]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA26978 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:57:02 -0500 (EST) Received: from oemcomputer.hawaii.edu (mx3-52.ilhawaii.net [64.75.181.52]) by ilhawaii.net (8.10.1/8.10.1) with ESMTP id fBAIumh18552 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:56:49 -1000 (HST) Message-Id: <5.0.2.1.0.20011210084838.02304760@pop-server.hawaii.edu> X-Sender: peck@pop-server.hawaii.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.0.2 Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:57:05 -1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Sara Peck Subject: Marine biotech summer internship opp. for undergrads Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Aloha, The Marine Bioproducts Engineering Center (MarBEC), a collaborative effort between UC Berkeley and UH Manoa, Hawaii, is accepting applications from undergraduates for summer internships. Please pass this information on. The information and application is on the web site www.marbec.org. Link to MSURF 2002 or Education, either will get you to the internship information. Deadline is Jan. 25th, 12 noon, HST. Sara Peck, UH Sea Grant, and MSURF IC 808.329.2861=v; 808.329.6998=fx ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:31 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO5LI200.J60 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 19:32:26 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO5LOK00.KOX; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 16:36:20 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA08787; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 16:36:19 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAKsaGjr; Mon, 10 Dec 01 16:36:19 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA27302 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:14:59 GMT Received: from manu.usp.ac.fj (manu.usp.ac.fj [144.120.8.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id TAA27403 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 19:14:04 -0500 (EST) Message-Id: <200112110014.TAA27403@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Received: (qmail 236420 invoked by uid 267); 10 Dec 2001 20:26:49 -0000 Received: from sauni_s@usp.ac.fj by manu.usp.ac.fj with qmail-scanner-0.96 (. Clean. Processed in 0.094672 secs); 10 Dec 2001 20:26:49 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO PC7117) (144.120.26.6) by manu.usp.ac.fj with SMTP; 10 Dec 2001 20:26:48 -0000 From: "Samisoni Sauni, MSP-USP" Organization: USP To: Silvia Pinca Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 08:33:38 +1200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: Re: info request/Marine science degrees for foreign students CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov In-reply-to: <20011209233148.9374.qmail@web14509.mail.yahoo.com> X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12a) Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Yokwe Princa: The University of the South Pacific, which is owned by 12 member countries of the Pacific region including Marshall Islands offers undergraduate degrees (BSc) either with single or doube majors in Marine Science or Biology. All marine related units for the BSc (Marine Science) programme are all offered at the Marine Studies Programme, which houses excellent facilities. Our university taught applied courses and very much focused on tropical ecosystems and solving typical problems facing our beautiful pasefika. Please visit our regional university's website (http://www.usp.ac.fj/) or visit our USP Center there in Majuro. Kommol Samasoni Sauni On 9 Dec 01, at 15:31, Silvia Pinca wrote: > Dear listers, > I'm looking for info/sugestions about small > colleges in US where a degreee in Marine Science > is offered. Three students from the College of > the Marshall Islands are searching for options to > transfer to an American college to get their > Minor in Biology/Marine Biology. I would > appreciate if any of you could come out with good > suggestions on where to apply. Preferences are > for tropical systems. > I appreciate your help in advanc, > Sincerely, > > > ===== > Silvia Pinca, > > Marine Science Program > College of the Marshall Islands > P.O. Box 1258 > Majuro, MH 96960 > ph. 692-625-5903 > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Send your FREE holiday greetings online! > http://greetings.yahoo.com > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > Project Coordinator Post Harvest & Fisheries Development Project Marine Studies Program The University of the South Pacific PO Box 1168, Suva, Fiji Islands Tel: 679 212879, 212051 Fax: 679 301490 email: sauni_s@usp.ac.fj ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:31 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO5Z1S00.986 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:25:04 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO5Z8A00.8QF; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:28:58 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id AAA07710; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:28:57 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAJ_aOdp; Tue, 11 Dec 01 00:28:57 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA27676 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 05:14:43 GMT Received: from teri.usp.ac.fj (teri.usp.ac.fj [144.120.8.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id AAA27760 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 00:13:58 -0500 (EST) Message-Id: <200112110513.AAA27760@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Received: (qmail 30763 invoked by uid 218); 11 Dec 2001 05:13:44 -0000 Received: from Pickering_T@usp.ac.fj by teri.usp.ac.fj with qmail-scanner-0.96 (. Clean. Processed in 0.100586 secs); 11 Dec 2001 05:13:44 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO msp1) (144.120.26.61) by teri.usp.ac.fj with SMTP; 11 Dec 2001 05:13:43 -0000 From: "Tim Pickering" Organization: University of the South Pacific To: "Samisoni Sauni, MSP-USP" Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 17:16:03 +1200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: Re: info request/Marine science degrees for foreign students CC: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov References: <20011209233148.9374.qmail@web14509.mail.yahoo.com> In-reply-to: <200112110014.TAA27403@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.12b) Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Thank you Samisoni for answering this request on USP's behalf. I can add that there is a University of the South Pacific centre in Majuro, and that there is a relationship already in existence between USP and College for Marshall Islands whereby some CMI courses can be credited toward USP qualifications. For more details contact Irene Tafaaki, USP Centre Director, Marshall Islands. Let me know if you want more information about marine courses at USP, and I can send an information package. Best regards Tim Pickering Coordinator Marine Science Marine Studies Programme The University of the South Pacific On 11 Dec 01, at 8:33, Samisoni Sauni, MSP-USP wrote: > Yokwe Princa: > > The University of the South Pacific, which is owned by 12 member > countries of the Pacific region including Marshall Islands offers > undergraduate degrees (BSc) either with single or doube majors in > Marine Science or Biology. All marine related units for the BSc > (Marine Science) programme are all offered at the Marine Studies > Programme, which houses excellent facilities. > > Our university taught applied courses and very much focused on > tropical ecosystems and solving typical problems facing our > beautiful pasefika. > > Please visit our regional university's website (http://www.usp.ac.fj/) > or visit our USP Center there in Majuro. > > Kommol > > Samasoni Sauni > > On 9 Dec 01, at 15:31, Silvia Pinca wrote: > > > Dear listers, > > I'm looking for info/sugestions about small > > colleges in US where a degreee in Marine Science > > is offered. Three students from the College of > > the Marshall Islands are searching for options to > > transfer to an American college to get their > > Minor in Biology/Marine Biology. I would > > appreciate if any of you could come out with good > > suggestions on where to apply. Preferences are > > for tropical systems. > > I appreciate your help in advanc, > > Sincerely, > > > > > > ===== > > Silvia Pinca, > > > > Marine Science Program > > College of the Marshall Islands > > P.O. Box 1258 > > Majuro, MH 96960 > > ph. 692-625-5903 > > > > __________________________________________________ > > Do You Yahoo!? > > Send your FREE holiday greetings online! > > http://greetings.yahoo.com > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > > > > Project Coordinator > Post Harvest & Fisheries Development Project > Marine Studies Program > The University of the South Pacific > PO Box 1168, Suva, Fiji Islands > Tel: 679 212879, 212051 > Fax: 679 301490 > email: sauni_s@usp.ac.fj > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu > bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6EYL00.N9H for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 06:08:45 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6F5300.SAI; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 03:12:39 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA25416; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 03:12:38 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA3waqOX; Tue, 11 Dec 01 03:12:38 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA28369 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:59:43 GMT Received: from virgo.cus.cam.ac.uk (cusexim@virgo.cus.cam.ac.uk [131.111.8.20]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA28338 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 05:59:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from kat1003 (helo=localhost) by virgo.cus.cam.ac.uk with local-smtp (Exim 3.951 #5) id 16Dkch-00054Z-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:58:55 +0000 Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:58:55 +0000 (GMT) From: "K.A. Teleki" To: Coral-List Subject: ISRS European Meeting 2002 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Registration forms for the ISRS European Meeting 2002 (4-7 September Cambridge, UK) are now available at: www.isrs2002.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6OXH00.QC1 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 09:44:05 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6P3Z00.CXN; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 09:47:59 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA29306; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 09:47:58 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAORaWn5; Tue, 11 Dec 01 09:47:58 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA28722 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 14:32:19 GMT Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 14:32:19 GMT Message-Id: <200112111432.OAA28722@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: shoals.rod@intnet.mu To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Marine education volunteer required Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Shoals Rodrigues is looking for a self-funding volunteer for their marine education programme. Shoals Rodrigues is a Mauritian NGO which was formed from the Shoals of Capricorn Programme, an initiative run by the Royal Geographical Society and Royal Society from 1999-2001. Based on the island of Rodrigues, this project was first set up in 1999 to carry out an integrated marine research, training and education project. Club Mer is the marine education and activity programme involving local children in classes, snorkeling, diving and scientific projects. You would work alongside our Rodriguan education assistants, developing their knowledge and confidence as well as helping to run the classes and activities. There will be plenty of scope to develop new ideas or projects. Your qualities would include: Communication and classroom skills Water safety, swimming and snorkeling skills Natural flair for teaching and talking about the marine environment Good knowledge of coral reef ecology and marine biology Language skills (French speaker) Other useful assets: Artistic, Drama, Internet Candidates must be available for at least three months and preferably for six months. Further details about the project are at http://pages.intnet.mu/shoals Current funding means that we can only presently offer accommodation, but a local per-diem may be negotiable after a probationary period. Please apply with a C.V. and a covering letter (before 25th December) to: Tom Hooper, Shoals Rodrigues, Pointe Monier, Rodrigues, Mauritius Fax: 00 230 831 0287 E-mail: shoals.rod@intnet.mu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNRY3F00.7P7 for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 10:38:03 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNRY9W00.6SB for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 10:41:56 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA22996; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 10:41:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(200.25.13.131) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAE2a4FS; Mon, 3 Dec 01 10:41:50 -0500 Received: from simac ([192.168.1.232]) by mero.invemar.org.co (8.11.0/8.8.7) with SMTP id fB3Fav311097; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 10:37:00 -0500 Message-ID: <005701c17c11$5483da20$e801a8c0@simac.invemar.org.co> From: "Jaime Garzon" To: "Coral-list" Cc: "Clive Wilkinson" , "Sonia Bejarano" , "Jim Hendee" Subject: RMTA questionnaire Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 10:43:52 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.5 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by mero.invemar.org.co id fB3Fav311097 X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear colleagues: We sent you a message one week ago (november 26) asking for information t= o build an inventory and maps of reef monitoring activities in tropical America (RMTA), but the announced attached file with the questionnaire di= d not go through. Jim Hendee has kindly put a zip file on the NOAA coral we= b page which contains the questionnarie as .rtf and .doc files at http://www.coral.noaa.gov/coral_list/Questionnaire-RMTA.zip You can download the questionnaire from this site or can also write us directly by e-mail to obtain a copy of the files at simac@invemar.org.co = or jgarzon@invemar.org.co Please contact us if you have any question regarding this activity. Thank= ing you in advance for your collaboration, we remain, Sincerely, Jaime ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jaime Garzon-Ferreira Jefe de Proyectos - Programa BEM (Biodiversidad y Ecosistemas Marinos) INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS ( INVEMAR ) Zona Portuaria (A. Aereo 1016) - Santa Marta, Colombia Tel (57-5)4214774 =F3 4211380 - Fax (57-5) 4211377 =F3 4215181 E-mail: jgarzon@invemar.org.co - http://www.invemar.org.co ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNRZQD00.9PU for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 11:13:25 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNRZWS00.SVX; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 11:17:16 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA06632; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 11:17:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAJHay8m; Mon, 3 Dec 01 11:17:15 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA06611 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 16:15:02 GMT Received: from cheviot2.ncl.ac.uk (root@cheviot2.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.229.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA06616 for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 11:14:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from cheviot5.ncl.ac.uk (root@cheviot5.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.233.122]) by cheviot2.ncl.ac.uk (8.10.1/8.10.1) with ESMTP id fB3GE6F00758 for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 16:14:06 GMT Received: from pacific4.ncl.ac.uk (pacific4.ncl.ac.uk [128.240.124.53]) by cheviot5.ncl.ac.uk (8.10.1/8.10.1) with SMTP id fB3GE6I05786 for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 16:14:06 GMT Message-Id: <200112031614.fB3GE6I05786@cheviot5.ncl.ac.uk> From: "Nicholas Polunin" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 16:15:56 +0000 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: Proteins from carbonates? Reply-to: n.polunin@ncl.ac.uk X-ECS-MailScanner: Scanned successfully Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear members A PhD student and I are trying to extract small amounts (ie <1% total dry weight) of all N-containing materials particularly protein from fish otoliths and teeth. The thought occurred that some of you might have done this from coral materials. We are currently considering acidifying the material to remove carbonate, but not only is the amount of acid needed quite large, a product is calcium chloride which takes up water and therefore means we cannot accurately weigh the deposit. Suggestions for practical ways out of this impasse will be much appreciated! Nick Dr Nicholas Polunin Reader Dept of Marine Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tel +44 (0)191 222 6675/6661 Fax +44 (0)191 222 7891 http://www.ncl.ac.uk/mscmweb/ 5th ICEF (2003) Environmental future of aquatic ecosystems http://www.ncl.ac.uk/icef ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNSHE900.1PB for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 17:34:57 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNSHKP00.M7Y; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 14:38:49 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA26212; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 14:38:49 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAt1aOlZ; Mon, 3 Dec 01 14:38:49 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA07368 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 22:32:56 GMT Received: from jcu.edu.au (mail-world.jcu.edu.au [137.219.109.12]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA07458 for ; Mon, 3 Dec 2001 17:32:34 -0500 (EST) Received: from janus.jcu.edu.au (janus.jcu.edu.au [137.219.16.87]) by jcu.edu.au (8.11.6/8.11.6) with ESMTP id fB3MWIF49607086; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 08:32:19 +1000 (AEST) Received: from gllks (Sedimentology.jcu.edu.au [137.219.45.173]) by janus.jcu.edu.au (8.11.6/8.11.6) with SMTP id fB3MUvL08421; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 08:30:57 +1000 Message-ID: <000801c17c4c$69fe0b60$ad2ddb89@gllks.jcu.edu.au> From: "Paul Hearty" To: , Cc: "Darrell Kaufman" Subject: Re: Proteins from carbonates? Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 08:46:57 +1000 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1 X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 X-JCU-MailScanner: Found to be clean Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear Nick, People in the amino acid racemization trade have pretty much perfected the extraction of protein and amino acids from carbonates of all varieties including marine and land mollusks, foraminfera, ostracodes, and bulk carbonate sands (as in dunes or marine deposits). I refer you to Prof. Darrell Kaufman at Northern Arizona University Amino Acid laboratory for details of the extraction technique. Good luck, and please let us know if you have any additional questions, Sincerely, Paul ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- Dr. Paul J. Hearty School of Earth Sciences James Cook University Townsville 4811 QLD Australia Phone 61 (07) 4781 5283 Fax: -- 4725 1501 -----Original Message----- From: Nicholas Polunin To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Date: Tuesday, 4 December 2001 2:21 Subject: Proteins from carbonates? Dear members A PhD student and I are trying to extract small amounts (ie <1% total dry weight) of all N-containing materials particularly protein from fish otoliths and teeth. The thought occurred that some of you might have done this from coral materials. We are currently considering acidifying the material to remove carbonate, but not only is the amount of acid needed quite large, a product is calcium chloride which takes up water and therefore means we cannot accurately weigh the deposit. Suggestions for practical ways out of this impasse will be much appreciated! Nick Dr Nicholas Polunin Reader Dept of Marine Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tel +44 (0)191 222 6675/6661 Fax +44 (0)191 222 7891 http://www.ncl.ac.uk/mscmweb/ 5th ICEF (2003) Environmental future of aquatic ecosystems http://www.ncl.ac.uk/icef ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNT8FC00.2OS for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 03:18:48 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNT8LU00.7RG; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 03:22:42 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id DAA27520; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 03:22:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVHa4V1; Tue, 4 Dec 01 03:22:41 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id IAA08663 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 08:19:01 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (law2-f40.hotmail.com [216.32.181.40]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id DAA08694 for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 03:18:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 00:18:09 -0800 Received: from 195.229.78.23 by lw2fd.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Tue, 04 Dec 2001 08:18:08 GMT X-Originating-IP: [195.229.78.23] From: "edwin grandcourt" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: biodegradable materials for fish traps Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2001 08:18:08 +0000 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 04 Dec 2001 08:18:09.0771 (UTC) FILETIME=[35849BB0:01C17C9C] Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear all, We want to test different degradable materials that attach the mouth (funnel) to the main body of fish traps with a view to reducing ghost fishing. The material can be in the form of string, twine, tape, clip or pull tie however, must dissolve/deteriorate within a period of approx. 7 days (in sea water of about 28 Celcius). Has anyone had experience with degradable materials that could be applied in this context. Thanks for any help. Regards, Edwin Edwin Grandcourt Marine Environmental Research Center Environmental Research and Wildlife Development Agency Po. Box 45553 Abu Dhabi U.A.E. Dir. Tel: +971-2 693 4533 Email: egrandcourt@erwda.gov.ae _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNTF4700.9QZ for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 05:43:19 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNTFAO00.JOR; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 02:47:12 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id CAA29620; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 02:47:11 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApraW15; Tue, 4 Dec 01 02:47:11 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA09220 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 10:43:22 GMT Received: from tomts5-srv.bellnexxia.net (tomts5.bellnexxia.net [209.226.175.25]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA09245 for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 05:43:04 -0500 (EST) Received: from howzit.turtles.org ([64.229.43.230]) by tomts5-srv.bellnexxia.net (InterMail vM.4.01.03.16 201-229-121-116-20010115) with ESMTP id <20011204104223.JRCO7882.tomts5-srv.bellnexxia.net@howzit.turtles.org> for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 05:42:23 -0500 Message-Id: <4.3.2.7.2.20011204053416.01eeb1e0@localhost> X-Sender: howzit/pop.vex.net@localhost X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 4.3.2 Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2001 05:41:25 -0500 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett Subject: News article -- re: Hawaii invasive algaes Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear all, This might be of interest to some. "Kaneohe targeted for fight against 5 alien, 2 local algae species The growth of algae threatens coral reefs and other nearshore marine ecosystems" "You could call algae the feral pig of Hawaii's marine environment. Overgrowth of the seemingly benign plant threatens coral reefs, fish, other sea life and the natural beauty and tourism draw of nearshore waters." The rest is at: Best wishes, Ursula TURTLE TRAX ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNU8MJ00.VQR for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 16:20:43 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNU8T000.U3S; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 13:24:36 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA29807; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 13:24:35 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA7iaqm6; Tue, 4 Dec 01 13:24:35 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA12074 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 21:16:45 GMT Received: from hermes.nos.noaa.gov (hermes.nos.noaa.gov [140.90.127.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA12093 for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 16:16:33 -0500 (EST) Received: from noaa.gov ([205.156.36.1]) by hermes.nos.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15 hermes Jun 11 2001 16:23:30) with ESMTP id GNU8FC00.P5Q for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2001 16:16:24 -0500 Message-ID: <3C0D050A.846F704F@noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2001 17:16:58 +0000 From: Cheva Heck Organization: NOAA X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 (Macintosh; U; PPC) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 As several people pointed out, I put the correct date, but the wrong day of the week for this symposium at NOAA headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland. The date is indeed December 6, 2001 -- the day of the week is Thursday. More information is available at http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov Sorry for the error and the delay in correcting it -- My office lost e-mail capability for several days. Cheva Heck Public Affairs Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary 216 Ann Street Key West, FL 33040 305.292.0311, ext. 26 305.304.0179 (cell) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNXFPB00.T1F for ; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:46:23 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNXFVS00.7BD; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:50:16 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07774; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:50:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfAaikp; Thu, 6 Dec 01 09:50:15 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA17341 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 14:42:35 GMT Received: from fit.edu (fit.edu [163.118.5.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA17244 for ; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:42:17 -0500 (EST) Received: from megalops (megalops.bio.fit.edu [163.118.70.53]) by fit.edu (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.1) with SMTP id JAA14828; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:43:34 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <013601c17e64$4bcadd20$354676a3@bio.fit.edu> From: "Jon Shenker" To: "Mangrove Research Discussion List" , "Scientific forum on fish and fisheries" , Subject: Australia summer courses Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 09:42:55 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4522.1200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 We're beginning to recruit undergraduate and graduate students for the 4th summer of the Florida Institute of Technology's field courses on marine and terrestrial biology and ecology of Australia. We'll spend 6 weeks in temperate and tropical rainforests, coral reefs, marshes and deserts, employing an intense series of lectures and readings, floral/faunal surveys, and student-run field projects in these fascinating ecosystems. If you're interested in the courses, more details can be found at: http://www.bio.fit.edu/Australia/index.htm Faculty and Graduate Students: I would very much appreciate it if you could bring these courses to the attention of interested undergraduates who are not subscribers to this list. Thanks. My apologies for cross-postings to several lists. Jon Shenker, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Marine Biology and Aquaculture Department of Biological Sciences Florida Institute of Technology 150 West University Boulevard Melbourne, FL 32901 321-674-8145 FAX 321-674-7238 shenker@fit.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNXXKZ00.E2H for ; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 16:12:35 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNXXRG00.G4T; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 13:16:28 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA07207; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 13:16:28 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWPaOdo; Thu, 6 Dec 01 13:16:27 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id VAA18029 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 21:10:44 GMT Received: from kirc02.kirc.state.hi.us (cust17578.lava.net [64.65.100.170]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id QAA18039 for ; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 16:10:03 -0500 (EST) Received: by KIRC02 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Thu, 6 Dec 2001 11:04:39 -1000 Message-ID: From: "Samantha . Whitcraft" To: "'coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" , "'cturtle@lists.ufl.edu'" , "'marmam@uvvm.uvic.ca'" Subject: Proposed Expansion of MPA (Kaho'olawe Island Reserve) Hawai'i Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 11:04:31 -1000 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Proposed Expansion of MPA (Kaho'olawe Island Reserve) Hawai'i Aloha! The public comment period for the proposed Administrative Rules addressing this expansion along with other conservation and cultural management measures has been extended to Monday, December 17. This extended comment period provides an opportunity for the public to testify for the record about the rules and the Kaho'olawe Island Reserve. We are hoping to hear from anyone interested in marine conservation and MPAs! So please share you mana'o with us and/or forward this message to those who might like to. A copy of the proposed new Administrative Rules (HAR 13-261) can be viewed at the KIRC website www.state.hi.us/kirc. The rules provide for two significant changes that are beneficial to marine conservation for all of Maui Nui. These changes are... 1) the most protected near-shore areas in Zone A are proposed to be extended from the 20 fathom isobath out to the 30 fathom isobath thereby: -- providing a buffer boundary for the core protected area -- providing increased habitat protection for resident monk seals and other protected marine mammals -- providing a larger overall MPA (marine protected area) by increasing the amount of ecosystem protected -- protecting a predator dominated LMA (large marine ecosystem) that extends from the shoreline out beyond the reef shallows and links with a semi-protected pelagic system -- providing a larger core marine reserve set aside specifically for traditional Hawaiian practices, subsistence fishing, and resources management 2) a provision to re-establish a traditional management system by legally establishing native Hawaiian kapu to provide flexible natural resources management in the near-shore area including selected areas and subsistence fishery temporary closures when necessary based on a combination of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and western monitoring. The proposed new rules also provide for continued complete protection of vital bottomfish stocks (considered to have the highest biomass and diversity in the main Hawaiian Islands and comparable to the NWHI stocks). It is important that those folks who might wish to support these conservation measures by submitting written testimony (by email, snail-mail, or fax -- attn: Ocean Resources Management Program) know that such testimony is valuable and welcomed just as the voices of those who oppose them are welcome to voice their concerns. If you have any questions or would like further information about the proposed Administrative Rules or the Kaho'olawe Island Reserve's Ocean Resources Management Program please feel free to contact us directly at 808-243-5889 or at swhitcraft@kirc.state.hi.us. Mahalo nui loa for your time, consideration and support, Sam Whitcraft Ocean Resources Manager Kaho'olawe Island Reserve 811 Kolu St., #201 Wailuku HI 96793 ph. 808-243-5889 fx. 808-243-5885 swhitcraft@kirc.state.hi.us ____________________________________________ E lawe i ke a'o a malama, a e 'oi mau ka na'auao. (He who takes his teachings and applies them increases his knowledge.) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNZ38B00.N49 for ; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 07:12:11 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNZ3ET00.I8V; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 07:16:05 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA01105; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 07:16:04 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAjGaakc; Fri, 7 Dec 01 07:16:04 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA18776 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 12:01:29 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA18788 for ; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 07:01:09 -0500 (EST) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA11581; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 06:56:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011569; Fri, 7 Dec 01 06:55:41 -0500 Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA00763; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 02:58:14 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA11566; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 06:55:40 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(10.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma011556; Fri, 7 Dec 01 06:54:52 -0500 Received: from noaa.gov ([127.0.0.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNZ2G400.O3M for ; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 06:55:16 -0500 From: "Jim Hendee" To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Message-ID: Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 06:55:16 -0500 X-Mailer: Netscape Webmail MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Language: en X-Accept-Language: en Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id HAA19137 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id MAA18776 X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 From=20 Approved: kiel511 Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 12:34:19 -0300 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Bernard THOMASSIN Subject: Impact of catching of fish postlarvae in reefs and lagoons Dear Alls, In the Mayotte island (north Mozambique Channel, Comoro Archip.), a=20 new company is planning to catch coral reefal and lagoonal fish=20 postlarvae to grow them for the fish trade of european aquariologists. To do that due to the high tidal range there (up to 4 meters during=20 spring tides) they exclude the using of "crest nets" moored upon the=20 barrier reef fronts as used in lower tidal range environments (for=20 example, Moorea Is. in French Polynesia). =20 Consequently they plan to used ligh traps in subsurface of the=20 lagoonal waters, or in passages, or yet upon barrier reefs (light=20 traps are known to select the catches to Apogonids and Pomacentrids=20 postlarvae mainly). As I am not familiar with coral and lagoonal fish postlarvae=20 behaviour, could you help me in advisoring give me our opinions (or=20 your experiments) about the possible impacts of to the natural fish=20 populations (species selection, biomass impact, etc...). Mayotte is a quite large lagoon (near 1,500 square kilometers, ribbon=20 barrier reefs are near 167 km long with deep passages - 30 up to 70 m=20 depths). The corals from the barrier reefs died at 90 percent=20 following the 1998 ENSO event and today they recover slowly...=20 Fringing reefs have just the reef fronts living. Thanks for your comments. Cheers. Bernard Bernard A. THOMASSIN (Dr. =E8s-Sci.) Directeur de recherches CNRS Centre d'Oc=E9anologie de Marseille (C.O.M.), Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France & G.I.S. "LAG-MAY" "Environnement marin & littoral de l'=EEle de Mayotte" t=E9l. (33) 04 91 04 16 17 (ligne directe) (33) 04 91 04 16 00 (standart) mobile (33) 06 63 14 91 78 fax (33) 04 91 04 16 35 (=E0 l'attention de....) Proverbe mahorais : "Pwedza arongoa tsiamini paka nitsoana" traduction : "Le poulpe a dit : je ne crois que si je vois" ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNZ6QI00.U2R for ; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 08:27:54 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GNZ6WZ00.6WT; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 05:31:47 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA10877; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 05:31:46 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA8DaOov; Fri, 7 Dec 01 05:31:46 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA19201 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 13:21:45 GMT Received: from mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (root@mcmail.CIS.McMaster.CA [130.113.64.66]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA19196 for ; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 08:21:19 -0500 (EST) Received: from MyHost (empE-port12.net.McMaster.CA [130.113.193.67]) by mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca with SMTP id IAA00967 for ; Fri, 7 Dec 2001 08:19:40 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <004301c17f21$77e48d80$18c17182@MyHost> From: "Mike Risk" To: Subject: PDF, coral geochemistry Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 08:13:47 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0034_01C17EF7.18591E00" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0034_01C17EF7.18591E00 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Post-Doctoral Fellowship: Climate Change from Deep-Water Corals We seek someone to help with our work deciphering climate signals and = records of global change from skeletons of deep-water corals off the = east coast of North America. This person will be an integral part of an = interdisciplinary group of three universities and several government = departments: McMaster, Univ. of Quebec at Montreal, Dalhousie; = Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Environment Canada. "Deep-water" corals in fact occur at all depths and in all oceans. We = have recently shown that they have yearly and lunar/tidal growth bands, = so the records in their skeletons are both more widespread and more = closely constrained stratigraphically than any other records now = available. The team so far consists of ocean modelers, = micropaleontologists, marine biologists, fisheries biologists and = sedimentologists: we seek someone who can assist with the geochemical = work. Samples from the Northeast Channel and the Scotia Shelf are already in = hand. We plan a ROPOS (deep unmanned submersible) cruise next summer, = which will concentrate on the North Atlantic Oscillation and the history = of the Gulf Stream. Results will be immediately integrated into global = climate models. The ideal candidate should have the PhD in hand, or expected very soon. = It would desirable to have experience in some or all of: coral = sclerochronology, stable isotope geothermometry, Sr/Ca analyses, trace = element analysis, microscopy, probe work. The successful candidate will = work closely with climate modelers at the Bedford Institute, = micropaleontologists and fisheries people at Dalhousie, geochemists at = GEOTOP in Montreal and the coral/isotope group at McMaster. Funding is = provided for regular visits to each of the three centers of research-the = place of residence of the candidate will be determined after = consultation, but could be in any one of Hamilton, Montreal or Halifax. Duration of the appointment will be for one year initially, but may be = extended for several years on mutual agreement (to a maximum of four = years). Salary will be competitive, in the range of $30,000 per year. = Candidates should send resumes and names of at least three references = to: M. J. Risk, School of Geography and Geology, McMaster Univ.=20 Hamilton, ON=20 Canada L8S 4M1 riskmj@mcmaster.ca ------=_NextPart_000_0034_01C17EF7.18591E00 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Post-Doctoral Fellowship: Climate Change from = Deep-Water=20 Corals

We seek someone to help with our work deciphering climate signals and = records=20 of global change from skeletons of deep-water corals off the east coast = of North=20 America. This person will be an integral part of an interdisciplinary = group of=20 three universities and several government departments: McMaster, Univ. = of Quebec=20 at Montreal, Dalhousie; Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Environment=20 Canada.

"Deep-water" corals in fact occur at all depths and in all oceans. We = have=20 recently shown that they have yearly and lunar/tidal growth bands, so = the=20 records in their skeletons are both more widespread and more closely = constrained=20 stratigraphically than any other records now available. The team so far = consists=20 of ocean modelers, micropaleontologists, marine biologists, fisheries = biologists=20 and sedimentologists: we seek someone who can assist with the = geochemical=20 work.

Samples from the Northeast Channel and the Scotia Shelf are already = in hand.=20 We plan a ROPOS (deep unmanned submersible) cruise next summer, which = will=20 concentrate on the North Atlantic Oscillation and the history of the = Gulf=20 Stream. Results will be immediately integrated into global climate = models.

The ideal candidate should have the PhD in hand, or expected very = soon. It=20 would desirable to have experience in some or all of: coral = sclerochronology,=20 stable isotope geothermometry, Sr/Ca analyses, trace element analysis,=20 microscopy, probe work. The successful candidate will work closely with = climate=20 modelers at the Bedford Institute, micropaleontologists and fisheries = people at=20 Dalhousie, geochemists at GEOTOP in Montreal and the coral/isotope group = at=20 McMaster. Funding is provided for regular visits to each of the three = centers of=20 research-the place of residence of the candidate will be determined = after=20 consultation, but could be in any one of Hamilton, Montreal or = Halifax.

Duration of the appointment will be for one year initially, but may = be=20 extended for several years on mutual agreement (to a maximum of four = years).=20 Salary will be competitive, in the range of $30,000 per year. Candidates = should=20 send resumes and names of at least three references to:

M. J. Risk, School of Geography and Geology, McMaster Univ.

Hamilton, ON

Canada L8S 4M1

riskmj@mcmaster.ca
------=_NextPart_000_0034_01C17EF7.18591E00-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:32 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6PQ900.680 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:01:21 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6PWM00.43T; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:05:10 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA02616; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:05:09 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAdyaidf; Tue, 11 Dec 01 10:05:09 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA28801 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 14:35:45 GMT Message-Id: <200112111435.OAA28801@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "EWeil" To: "Corallist" Subject: Epyzzotic problem on Acroporas in P. Rico. Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 13:23:16 -0400 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear Colleagues,=20 In the last three weeks almost all stands of Acropora palmata in the = southwestern area of Puerto Rico (Guanica to Parguera) have been = affected by a syndrome that fits patchy necrosis (described by Andy = Bruckner) etiology. The colonies show white-dead amorphous areas all = over the top surface (not round-like tipical of white pox) and branch = tips (see pictures). Some colonies show extensive mortality while others = only the small dead spots which become colonized rapidly by filamentus = green algae and do not seem to advance and kill more tissue. Other = blotches seem to advance very quickly with the tissue peeling off the = coral skeleton. Some of these necrotic areas are being produced by fish = faeces (surgeon and parrot fish). The faces are compact and dense and = stick to the coral surface if water movement is restricted. = Coincidentaly, we have had an unusual calm weather (no wind, no waves, = very slow currents) on this side of the island for at least 12 days wich = favors a longer than normal permanence of the feaces in contact with the = live surface. If you remove the feaces, the underneath coral tissue is = dead. Nevertheless, the extension of the problem (several reef areas = over more than 20 km) and the characteristics of other necrotic areas = (to extensive to be explained by this factor) makes us suspect that a = pathogen is involved here. Our first estimates from four reef areas with = dense popualtions of A. palmata indicate that between 56 and 74 % of all = colonies (with almost all of the large colonies included here) are = affected by this problem. We have tagged several colonies which will be = checked routinely. Some colonies show partial recovery over dead areas. Has anyone seen anything like this in his/her areas of research?? =20 Please contact me if you've seen some thing similar. =20 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6Q3B00.46Q for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:09:11 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6Q9T00.RBH; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 07:13:05 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA19489; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 07:13:04 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAmvaObM; Tue, 11 Dec 01 07:13:04 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA28814 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 14:58:46 GMT Received: from hq-exgw1.filenet.com (Filenet-gw.filenet.com [198.3.8.1]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA28872 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 09:57:18 -0500 (EST) Received: from 10.1.0.19 (fn-mail1.filenet.com [192.168.100.61]) by hq-exgw1.filenet.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2653.13) id XHT3JBN5; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 06:56:43 -0800 Received: from mail pickup service by 10.1.0.19 with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 06:57:14 -0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 x-receiver: JIrving@filenet.com Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by 10.1.0.19 with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.0.2195.3779); Tue, 11 Dec 2001 06:57:13 -0800 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA28232 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 14:33:23 GMT Message-ID: <200112111433.OAA28232@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 15:56:55 -0500 From: "Roger B Griffis" Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration To: "Coral list" , "CMPAN" , "Coral Reefs Egroup" , "ICRI" Subject: Commerce Deputy Secretary Bodman Announces $34 Million Funding for Coral Reef Conservation X-OriginalArrivalTime: 11 Dec 2001 14:57:13.0796 (UTC) FILETIME=[1E292040:01C18254] Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 FYI - Information on U.S. Coral Reef Task Force meeting last week (Dec 5). http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2001/dec01/noaa01122.html --------------FC214DE3D02D5585A40F6B2C Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii; name="noaa01122.html" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline; filename="noaa01122.html" Content-Base: "http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/rele ases2001/dec01/noaa01122.html" Content-Location: "http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/rele ases2001/dec01/noaa01122.html" Commerce Deputy Secretary Bodman Announces $34 Million Funding for Coral Reef Conservation

NOAA 2001-R122
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Contact: Madelyn Applebaum
12/5/01

COMMERCE DEPUTY SECRETARY BODMAN ANNOUNCES $34 MILLION FUNDING FOR CORAL REEF CONSERVATION
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Recognizes Outstanding Achievements

At today's annual meeting of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force in Washington, D.C., Commerce Deputy Secretary Samuel Bodman announced $34 million for coral reef conservation through the Commerce Department's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Bodman underscored the importance of coral reefs to the nation's economy and the need to protect and conserve these fragile ocean resources for all generations.

"Although coral reefs cover less than 1 percent of the earth's surface, they are some of the most valuable marine resources on the planet," Bodman said. "The Bush Administration strongly supports this task force and is firmly committed to the conservation of our coral reefs."

Four groups were honored for significant contributions towards coral reef conservation. "The awards recognize outstanding achievements in the conservation and sustainable use of coral reefs in the United States and internationally," said Scott Gudes, NOAA acting administrator. "The persistent dedication of groups such as the Reef Check Foundation, the U.S. Virgin Islands Coastal Zone Management Program, the government of Guam and The Nature Conservancy is helping to reverse the coral reef crisis and ensure healthy coral reef ecosystems."

Gudes and Joseph Doddridge, acting assistant secretary for Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Department of the Interior, co-chaired the meeting.

The Reef Check Foundation was honored for its education and outreach efforts to implement a volunteer-based coral reef monitoring program to help track reef health in the U.S. The U.S. Virgin Islands Coastal Zone Management Program was recognized for leadership and commitment in developing its first Marine Park Area and a system of coral reef marine protected areas. The government of Guam was honored for 10 years of leadership in marine resource conservation, resulting in a system of coral reef protected areas that includes over 20 percent of Guam's coral reefs. The Nature Conservancy was recognized for international leadership and innovation in coral reef conservation through the use of marine protected areas, debt-for-nature swaps, coastal watershed management and efforts to stop destructive fishing practices.

The U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, established in 1998, leads the U.S. response to conserving U.S. coral reefs, as well as U.S. government efforts to promote coral reef conservation internationally.

The task force includes the heads of 11 federal agencies and governors of seven states and territories within their jurisdiction (Florida, U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Guam, American Samoa and Northern Mariana Islands). The Freely Associated States of Micronesia, Marshall Islands and Palau are non-voting members. The task force raises awareness of serious threats to coral reefs and helps develop solutions.

Coral reefs are among the most diverse and biologically complex ecosystems on the planet, providing food and jobs for billions of people world-wide. Yet coral reefs are rapidly being degraded by pollution, overfishing, marine debris, coastal development and other impacts. An estimated 25 percent of the world's reefs have already been destroyed and, if there is no action to reduce threats, another 30 percent may be lost within 10 to 30 years.

Today's meeting also focused on advancing the task force's agenda, which includes tracking the implementation of the U.S. National Action Plan for Conservation of Coral Reefs. For more details, see http://coralreef.gov/.

NOAA is dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the prediction and research of weather and climate-related events and providing environmental stewardship of our nation's coastal and marine resources.

To learn more about NOAA, please visit http://www.noaa.gov.

--------------FC214DE3D02D5585A40F6B2C Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Roger B Griffis Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Roger.B.Griffis.vcf" begin:vcard n:Griffis;Roger tel;pager:888-995-4334 tel;fax:301-713-4012 tel;work:301-713-3155x104 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;U.S. Department of Commerce version:2.1 email;internet:roger.b.griffis@noaa.gov title:Policy Advisor adr;quoted-printable:;;NOAA/NOS/OCRM=0D=0A1305 East West Highway;Silver Spring;MD;20910;USA fn:Roger Griffis end:vcard --------------FC214DE3D02D5585A40F6B2C-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6VQJ00.U8A for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 12:11:07 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO6VX100.4FI; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 09:15:01 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA08819; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 09:15:00 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAQwaymr; Tue, 11 Dec 01 09:14:59 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA01056 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 17:03:07 GMT Received: from hermes.hood.edu ([144.175.16.77]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA01054 for ; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 12:02:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from [144.175.2.108] (HELO DBJBBW01.hood.edu) by hermes.hood.edu (CommuniGate Pro SMTP 3.5b3) with ESMTP id 1148635 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 12:04:15 -0500 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.1.20011211120102.00ade690@hermes.hood.edu> X-Sender: foley@hermes.hood.edu X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 12:03:57 -0800 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Maureen Foley Subject: announcement of course for educators Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=====================_8734499==_.ALT" Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 --=====================_8734499==_.ALT Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Hood College invites you to participate in "BAHAMAS 2002: TROPICAL MARINE ECOLOGY", an educational field experience for secondary school science teachers, July 19-28, 2002. Study environmental features such as coral reefs, off-shore cays, sea grass beds, tide-pools, and blue holes by snorkeling, walking, and wading. Learn all you need to lead your own student group to tropical marine field sites. Have fun, meet other science professionals, and participate in hands-on learning! For more information, check out the website at: http://www.hood.edu/coastal/Bahamas.html. Contact person: Maureen Foley, foley@hood.edu, 301-696-3652. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Maureen J. Foley Coastal Studies Semester Coordinator Hood College 401 Rosemont Avenue Frederick, Maryland 21701 office: 301-696-3652 fax: 301-696-3667 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ --=====================_8734499==_.ALT Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Hood College invites you to participate in "BAHAMAS 2002: TROPICAL MARINE ECOLOGY", an educational field experience for secondary school science teachers, July 19-28, 2002. Study environmental features such as coral reefs, off-shore cays, sea grass beds, tide-pools, and blue holes by snorkeling, walking, and wading. Learn all you need to lead your own student group to tropical marine field sites. Have fun, meet other science professionals, and participate in hands-on learning! For more information, check out the website at: http://www.hood.edu/coastal/Bahamas.html. Contact person: Maureen Foley, foley@hood.edu, 301-696-3652.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Maureen J. Foley
Coastal Studies Semester Coordinator
Hood College
401 Rosemont Avenue
Frederick, Maryland 21701
office: 301-696-3652
fax: 301-696-3667
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

--=====================_8734499==_.ALT-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO7TSK00.D8R for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 00:26:44 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO7TZ100.JZF; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 21:30:37 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA20063; Tue, 11 Dec 2001 21:30:37 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAkeaWlN; Tue, 11 Dec 01 21:30:37 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA02143 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 05:16:27 GMT Received: from jazz.seychelles.net (jazz.seychelles.net [202.84.235.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA02145 for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 00:15:56 -0500 (EST) Received: from rolph (pm3d-15.seychelles.net [202.84.238.208]) by jazz.seychelles.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id JAA76698 for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 09:15:39 +0400 (SCT) (envelope-from rolphap@seychelles.net) Message-ID: <019001c182cc$84647580$0c01a8c0@rolph> From: "Rolph Payet" To: "Coral-List" Subject: Fw: [carib-biodiversity] MacArthur Grants to Save SOUTH PACIFIC REEF FISHERIES Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 08:20:39 +0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear All More funding for coral reefs. RP ----- Original Message ----- From: Potter at Island Resources To: Caribbean Biodiversity Cc: Island Systems Environmental Information Sent: Tuesday, December 11, 2001 8:24 AM Subject: [carib-biodiversity] MacArthur Grants to Save SOUTH PACIFIC REEF FISHERIES > > [Nice package of activities....bp] > > > > > > >MacArthur Foundation Grants Promote Sustainable Fisheries as > >Alternative to Destructive Fishing Practices > > > >$2.3 Million will Contribute to Protection of Coral Reefs and > >Marine Habitats in Asia-Pacific Region > > > >Chicago, IL - The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation has > >announced grants totaling more than $2.3 million to promote > >environmentally sound and economically viable fishing practices in > >the coral reefs of the Asia Pacific region. > > > >The grants were made through the Conservation and Sustainable > >Development area of the Foundation's Program on Global Security and > >Sustainability. This area of the Foundation is dedicated to > >conserving biodiversity and to building knowledge of how to use > >natural resources in ways that will not destroy or deplete them. The > >Foundation focuses this work in a small number of tropical regions > >chosen for their richness of species diversity and the level of the > >threats they face. One such area is the Asia-Pacific region, which > >is the focus of this set of grants. The MacArthur Foundation makes > >approximately $15 million in grants each year through the > >Conservation and Sustainable Development area. > > > >Recipients include the Bishop Museum/Pacific Science Association, > >Environmental Legal Assistance Center, the International Marinelife > >Alliance, the Marine Aquarium Council, the Reef Check Foundation, > >the Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Wetlands International, > >and the World Wildlife Fund. > > > >According to Mitchel Wallerstein, vice president of the Program on > >Global Security and Sustainability, over the past two decades an > >estimated 35 million acres of coral reef in the Asia-Pacific region > >have been destroyed due to destructive fishing practices - much of > >it related to the $1 billion live fish trade in the restaurant > >industry and the $200 million marine (salt water) aquarium business. > >"More than one million species of plants and animals-a quarter of > >all marine life-are believed associated with the coral reef > >ecosystem," said Wallerstein. "Coral reefs provide food and income > >for millions of people, as well as valuable chemical compounds for > >medicines. We believe this important region can provide benefits to > >mankind without being destroyed in the process." > > > >A significant factor in the destruction of coral reefs is cyanide > >fishing, which involves stunning fish by introducing cyanide into > >the reef areas where they seek refuge. Cyanide poisons and kills > >coral polyps and other small organisms necessary for healthy reefs. > >An estimated 330,000 pounds of cyanide per year is used on > >Philippine coral reefs alone, where fewer than 10 percent of the > >reefs remain healthy. > > > >The demand for live fish in restaurants, primarily in Hong Kong and > >other Asian centers, has led to widespread use of cyanide by the > >commercial fishing industry. Fisherman are now moving from the > >over-harvested reefs of the Philippines to the more remote and > >pristine coral reefs in eastern Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and > >other nations in the Western Pacific. > > > >To educate importers, retailers, and consumers about the advantages > >of purchasing fish that have been harvested in a sustainable fashion > >without using cyanide, the Foundation will award grants to three > >organizations: > > > >* > > > >The International Marinelife Alliance will receive $600,000 to > >support their Indo-Pacific Destructive Fishing Reform Program > >carried out in Hong Kong and Southern China, the Philippines, > >Vietnam, and the Pacific near the islands of Fiji and Kiribati. > >* > > > >The Secretariat of the Pacific Community will receive $300,000 to > >help local governments establish national live reef protection plans > >and set up sustainable management strategies. > >* > > > >The Bishop Museum/Pacific Science Association will receive $150,000 > >to update existing maps of coral reef species abundance in the > >Indo-Pacific Region. > > > > > >The $200 million-per-year marine aquarium trade also creates a large > >market for reef fish harvested with cyanide. It is estimated that > >more than 70 percent of the marine aquarium fish exported from > >Indonesia to the trade's principal markets in the U.S. and Europe > >are caught in this manner. To foster more environmentally sound > >fishing practices in the aquarium trade, the Foundation is awarding > >grants to three organizations: > > > >* > > > >The Marine Aquarium Council will receive $350,000 to train local > >fishers in non-destructive harvesting techniques, establish a system > >for certifying and labeling reef products harvested in a sustainable > >fashion, and build markets in the U.S. and Europe for these > >certified products. > >* > > > >The World Wildlife Fund-U.S. will receive $200,000 to increase > >scientific understanding of coral reef ecosystems in key marine > >areas where salt water aquarium organisms are collected. > >* > > > >The Reef Check Foundation will receive $180,000 to develop > >techniques to monitor coral reef health in areas with high levels of > >harvesting for the salt water aquarium trade. > > > > > >Part of the solution to the problem of destructive fishing practices > >is giving local communities greater control over their marine > >resources. To help these local communities, the MacArthur Foundation > >is awarding three grants. > > > >* > > > >The Environmental Legal Assistance Center will receive $240,000 in > >support of municipal marine protected areas in Palawan and the > >Visayas, the Philippines. > >* > > > >World Wildlife Fund-South Pacific will receive $200,000 to develop > >locally managed marine protected areas in the Madang Lagoon, Papua > >New Guinea. > >* > > > >Wetlands International-Oceania will receive $120,000 for locally > >managed marine protected areas along the northern coast of Papua New > >Guinea. > > > > > >The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation is a private, > >independent grant-making institution dedicated to helping groups and > >individuals foster lasting improvement in the human condition. The > >Foundation seeks the development of healthy individuals and > >effective communities; peace within and among nations; responsible > >choices about human reproduction; and a global ecosystem capable of > >supporting healthy human societies. The Foundation pursues its > >mission by supporting research, policy development, education and > >training, and practice. > > > >### > > > > > > -- > Island Resources, the Virgin Islands and Washington > For fastest mail service: 1718 "P" St NW # T-4, Washington, DC 20036 > Fone 202/265-9712 fax 202/232-0748; E-mail: > -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ > Promote Island Resources---Send Your $35 Membership to the DC Office > Publishers of 25 e-mail mailing lists for Caribbean Environmentalists > -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ > > ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ---------------------~--> > Break free. Great > American Smokeout > http://us.click.yahoo.com/3vN8tD/.pSDAA/ySSFAA/icTolB/TM > ---------------------------------------------------------------------~-> > > ################################################## > To unsubscribe, send a BLANK message to > and you can always join again with a BLANK message to > > ################################################## > > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ > > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8LN700.H9E for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 10:28:19 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8LTP00.H92; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 07:32:13 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA10570; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 07:32:13 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAqBaaPu; Wed, 12 Dec 01 07:32:12 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA03486 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 15:19:02 GMT Message-Id: <200112121519.PAA03486@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 11:58:16 +1000 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: James Udy Subject: Marine Studies in Australia - a NEW APPROACH Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hi I am the director of a new field based marine studies course in Australia called College at Sea. This course/program will be offered for the first time in July and August 2002, with students living and working for 7 weeks adjacent to the various marine habitats of Australia's Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. The 5 topics the course will cover are; Tropical Marine Ecosystems, Oceanography, Nutrient Dynamics, Remote Sensing and Marine Navigation (celestial and modern). The course also includes the students navigating and sailing a 100ft sailing schooner through the Central Great Barrier Reef. For more information on this exciting course please visit our web site: www.collegeatsea.marine.uq.edu.au or send me an email and I can forward you a brochure that outlines the course. Thanks and have a great Christmas! James Dr. James Udy Centre for Catchment and In Stream Research Griffith University Nathan, QLD. 4111 Phone: (07) 3875 6703 Fax: (07) 3875 7615 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8LNE00.H9F for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 10:28:26 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8LTR00.IEL; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 07:32:15 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA10574; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 07:32:15 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA95aiPu; Wed, 12 Dec 01 07:32:14 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA03507 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 15:21:29 GMT Message-Id: <200112121521.PAA03507@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 13:41:39 +0100 From: Maurizio Pansini To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: VI Sponge Conference Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear coral-listers, I would like to inform you that at the end of next September we will organize in Genoa (Italy) the VI International Sponge Conference. All the topics regarding biology, biochemistry, ecology, paleontology, phylogeny, taxonomy and so on of sponges will be treated. All the available information may be found on the web site: www.spongeconference2002.com. Many thanks and regards Maurizio Pansini for the VI ICS Steering Committee Prof. Maurizio Pansini Dip.Te.Ris. - Universita' di Genova Corso Europa, 26 16132 Genova (Italia) tel. ++39 010 3538146 fax ++39 010 3538209 e-mail ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8RAH00.M9Q for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 12:30:17 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8RGZ00.EOS; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 09:34:11 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA05460; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 09:34:11 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAhcayQk; Wed, 12 Dec 01 09:34:10 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA04334 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 17:24:01 GMT Received: from eddings.acpub.duke.edu (eddings.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.76]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA04326 for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 12:23:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from leguin.acpub.duke.edu (leguin.acpub.duke.edu [152.3.233.12]) by eddings.acpub.duke.edu (8.11.5/8.11.3/Duke-5.0.0) with ESMTP id fBCHNA619885; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 12:23:10 -0500 (EST) Received: from hnearing (hnearing.ml.duke.edu [152.16.52.88]) by leguin.acpub.duke.edu (8.9.3/8.9.3/Duke-5.0.0) with SMTP id MAA12480; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 12:23:10 -0500 (EST) Message-Id: <3.0.1.32.20011212122325.009a5100@mail-hn.mail.duke.edu> X-Sender: hnearing@mail-hn.mail.duke.edu X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.1 (32) Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 12:23:25 -0500 To: hnearing@duke.edu From: Helen Nearing Subject: Duke University Integrated Marine Conservation Program Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" X-Virus-Scanned: by amavisd-milter, Duke University (http://amavis.org/) Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 APOLOGIES FOR CROSS LISTING Duke University Integrated Marine Conservation Program The Duke University Marine Laboratory is offering an unparalleled educational opportunity from July 8 to August 9, 2002. Duke's Integrated Marine Conservation Program teaches the principles necessary for the conservation and preservation of the coastal and oceanic environment. The focus is on interdisciplinary problem solving--using natural and social science theory to resolve real world environmental problems. This program is a tremendous opportunity for students at any level to think about conservation biology and policy in an environment full of students and faculty grappling with the same issues. The core class (BIO 109/ENV 209 Conservation Biology and Policy) involves field trips, discussion groups, role play (in 2000 it was a fishery management scenario), lecture, and a final project for graduate students that focuses on the integration of science and policy. Undergraduate students will have a case-study based final exam. Students will leave the class with an appreciation of the policy process, as well as with a grounding in the fundamentals of marine conservation. There may be no other course, anywhere, that can offer as much in an intensive 5-week summer session. In addition to the classwork, the session hosts a Distinguished Conservation Scholar each week to give a lecture, to lead discussions, and to be available to meet with students on an individual basis. Speakers in the past have included such scientists as Jane Lubchenco, Jeremy Jackson, Richard Barber, and Kai Lee, and non-scientists such as Pulitzer-Prize winning environmental reporter John McQuaid. A final and critical dimension to the class comes from the presence of international students, who often have first-hand knowledge of conservation battles and have worked to influence environmental policy. Past international participants have come from countries such as Cameroon, Liberia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Israel, and South Africa. Interaction with these individuals does much to foster awareness of the difficulty of implementing conservation at the ground level. If funding is available several special fellowships will be awarded on a competitive basis to international students, especially those from developing countries, to attend BIO 109/ENV 209. The Global Fellows in Marine Conservation application credentials are due April 1st. Participants in the Integrated Marine Conservation Program usually enroll in the program's 'core' course (Conservation Biology and Policy) and one of seven elective courses offered concurrently (Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles; Marine Mammals; Marine Ecology; Marine Invertebrate Zoology;Barrier Island Ecology; Marine Policy; Independent Research). Enrollment in any one course is also possible. Applications for the Integrated Marine Conservation Program will be accepted until the program is full. Duke University Marine Lab summer tuition scholarships are awarded to either U.S. or non-U.S. citizens on a competitive basis and cover full tuition for any one course in Term II. These summer tuition scholarship applications are due April 1st. Additionally, a grant from Panaphil Foundation allows the Duke Marine Laboratory to offer three tuition scholarships to U.S. citizens and three fellowships to international students attending Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles. These applications are due April 1st. For further information, visit http://www.env.duke.edu/marinelab/mlterm2.html or contact ml_admissions@env.duke.edu; 252/504-7502. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8TCV00.OB1 for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 13:14:55 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GO8TJC00.4FD; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 10:18:48 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA12327; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 10:18:48 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAMQaaey; Wed, 12 Dec 01 10:18:47 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA04429 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 18:07:56 GMT Received: from femail19.sdc1.sfba.home.com (femail19.sdc1.sfba.home.com [24.0.95.128]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA04423 for ; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 13:07:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from c27294-b.oshadavidson.com ([24.182.69.152]) by femail19.sdc1.sfba.home.com (InterMail vM.4.01.03.20 201-229-121-120-20010223) with ESMTP id <20011212180717.NTSX17957.femail19.sdc1.sfba.home.com@c27294-b.oshadavidson.com>; Wed, 12 Dec 2001 10:07:17 -0800 Message-Id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011212112134.01a2e100@pop3.norton.antivirus> X-Sender: osha/mail.oshadavidson.com@pop3.norton.antivirus X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 12:08:39 -0600 To: CTURTLE@LISTS.UFL.EDU, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov, marbio@mote.org From: Osha Gray Davidson Subject: Turtle Tour Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear list-members, (With the usual apologies for cross listings) After nearly 2 months and 14 US cities (ranging from Florida to Massachusetts and from the Pacific Northwest and California to Hawaii), the "Turtle Tour 2001" is completed. Whew! The tour was more than a chance just to plug the book "Fire in the Turtle House." It was also was an opportuity to 1) spread the word to the public about fibropapillomatosis and marine epidemics in general and 2) meet and talk informally with "turtleheads," both biologists and lay-people who love turtles. Many on these lists helped to organize logistics for the Turtle Tour, including radio, TV, and print interviews and reviews. Too numerous to name individually, I hope you'll accept this collective and heartfelt "thank you." Happy holidays, Osha FYI, the Turtle House Foundation (see URL below) now has a bank account and is able to receive funds. We should hear about our 501(c)(3) status before long. ================================ Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha@oshadavidson.com USA The Turtle House Foundation: www.turtlehousefoundation.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOCTTX00.2DP for ; Fri, 14 Dec 2001 17:15:33 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOCU0F00.FWJ; Fri, 14 Dec 2001 17:19:27 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA17750; Fri, 14 Dec 2001 17:19:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAARlaOQI; Fri, 14 Dec 01 17:19:26 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA03697 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 14 Dec 2001 22:07:43 GMT Message-Id: <200112142207.WAA03697@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Steve Walker" To: Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 10:45:11 +0000 Subject: East Africa Lab Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear Coral Listers, I'm hoping to find a marine lab in East Africa, preferably Pemba or Zanzibar, for an undergraduate student to carry out a brief coral-reef related study. Does anyone have a resource listing which could be of any assistance? Regards Steve Walker ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ S.T.Walker Dept. of Oral Biology University of Newcastle Dental School Framlington Place Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW Tel: +44(0)191 222 7918 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOELOE00.4E4 for ; Sat, 15 Dec 2001 16:14:38 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOELUT00.8KV for ; Sat, 15 Dec 2001 13:18:29 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id NAA15735; Sat, 15 Dec 2001 13:18:29 -0800 (PST) Received: from f19.law3.hotmail.com(209.185.241.19) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtlaWUE; Sat, 15 Dec 01 13:18:29 -0800 Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Sat, 15 Dec 2001 13:18:29 -0800 Received: from 216.72.7.24 by lw3fd.law3.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Sat, 15 Dec 2001 21:18:29 GMT X-Originating-IP: [216.72.7.24] From: "alberto alcosta" To: Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov, coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Dendrogyra cylindrus Date: Sat, 15 Dec 2001 16:18:29 -0500 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 15 Dec 2001 21:18:29.0602 (UTC) FILETIME=[0ADB1C20:01C185AE] X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000

Dear listers

I am working the distribution and demography of Dendrogyra cylindrus in Providencia Island, Colombian Caribbean. I will really apreciated anyone that can provide me some information of this species (ms etc.), since I have been reviewed most of the journals we have in Colombia. One of the objectives of the proposal is to generate an accurate distribution map for Dendrogyra in the Caribbean.  So far I know this species have been reported in Panama (Holst y Guzman 1993) Florida (pers obs; Sullivan 1996; Hudson 1996), Puerto Rico (Weil pers. com.) and Colombia (San Andres and Providencia Island, Diaz et al 2000; Geister).

Thank you very much and happy new year for all

Alberto Acosta

Associated Professor

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

Bogota Colombia

MSN Photos is the easiest way to share and print your photos: Click Here
From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOFQ0F00.EF5 for ; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 06:45:51 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOFQ6Y00.0HK; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 06:49:46 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA12403; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 06:49:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAvYaqoy; Sun, 16 Dec 01 06:49:45 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA07089 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 11:37:23 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id GAA07052 for ; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 06:36:28 -0500 (EST) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA03442; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 06:31:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003438; Sun, 16 Dec 01 06:30:56 -0500 Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id CAA06393; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 02:33:34 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id GAA03430; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 06:30:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(194.25.134.82) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma003418; Sun, 16 Dec 01 06:29:56 -0500 Received: from fwd05.sul.t-online.de by mailout05.sul.t-online.de with smtp id 16FZYX-0008Rr-08; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 12:34:09 +0100 Received: from ThorstenPeters (320035314291-0001@[62.226.233.104]) by fwd05.sul.t-online.com with smtp id 16FZYQ-04f0OuC; Sun, 16 Dec 2001 12:34:02 +0100 From: thorstenpeters@t-online.de (Thorsten Peters) To: "alberto alcosta" , , Subject: AW: Dendrogyra cylindrus Date: Sun, 16 Dec 2001 12:32:10 +0100 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1862D.AE80A000" X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 X-Sender: 320035314291-0001@t-dialin.net Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1862D.AE80A000 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov id GAA03430 Dear Alberto and Coral-listers, I am a graduate student from Hamburg University, Germany, and I am please= d to be able to contribute to the list for the first time. As a regular visitor to the island of Barbados during the last ten years I have been working on a photographic account of the island=B4s marine fauna and flor= a. I am quite sure to have photographed the Pillar Coral, Dendrogyra cylindrus= , several times around the south-west coast and in Carlisle Bay, always in depths of less than 15m. If this is of any interest to you I could send y= ou a jpeg-photo as attachment for, I hope, taxonomic verification. Best regards and a peaceful christmas time to all of you, Thorsten Peters Department of Invertebrates I Zoological Institute and Museum University of Hamburg -----Urspr=FCngliche Nachricht----- Von: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]Im Auftrag von alberto alcos= ta Gesendet: Samstag, 15. Dezember 2001 22:18 An: Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov; coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Betreff: Re: Dendrogyra cylindrus Dear listers I am working the distribution and demography of Dendrogyra cylindrus = in Providencia Island, Colombian Caribbean. I will really apreciated anyone that can provide me some information of this species (ms etc.), since I h= ave been reviewed most of the journals we have in Colombia. One of the objectives of the proposal is to generate an accurate distribution map fo= r Dendrogyra in the Caribbean. So far I know this species have been report= ed in Panama (Holst y Guzman 1993) Florida (pers obs; Sullivan 1996; Hudson 1996), Puerto Rico (Weil pers. com.) and Colombia (San Andres and Providencia Island, Diaz et al 2000; Geister). Thank you very much and happy new year for all Alberto Acosta Associated Professor Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogota Colombia -------------------------------------------------------------------------= --- -- MSN Photos is the easiest way to share and print your photos: Click Her= e ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list o= r the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the men= u bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1862D.AE80A000 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear Alberto = and=20 Coral-listers,

I am a graduate = student=20 from Hamburg University, Germany, and I am pleased to be able to = contribute=20 to the list for the first time. As a regular visitor to the island of = Barbados=20 during the last ten years I have been working on a photographic account = of the=20 island=B4s marine fauna and flora. I am quite sure to have photographed = the Pillar=20 Coral, Dendrogyra cylindrus, several times around the south-west coast = and in=20 Carlisle Bay, always in depths of less than 15m. If this is of any = interest to=20 you I could send you a jpeg-photo as attachment for, I hope, taxonomic=20 verification.

Best regards = and a peaceful=20 christmas time to all of you,

Thorsten=20 Peters

Department of = Invertebrates=20 I

Zoological = Institute and=20 Museum

University of=20 Hamburg

-----Urspr=FCngliche Nachricht-----
Von:=20 owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov=20 [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]Im Auftrag von = alberto=20 alcosta
Gesendet: Samstag, 15. Dezember 2001 = 22:18
An:=20 Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov; coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Betreff: Re:=20 Dendrogyra cylindrus

Dear listers

I am working the distribution and demography of = Dendrogyra =20 cylindrus in Providencia Island, Colombian Caribbean. I = will really=20 apreciated anyone that can provide me some information of this = species=20 (ms etc.), since I have been reviewed most of the journals we have in=20 Colombia. One of the objectives of the proposal is to generate = an=20 accurate distribution map for Dendrogyra in the=20 Caribbean.  So far I know this species have been=20 reported in Panama (Holst y Guzman 1993) Florida (pers obs; = Sullivan=20 1996; Hudson 1996), Puerto Rico (Weil pers. com.) and Colombia = (San=20 Andres and Providencia Island, Diaz et al 2000;=20 Geister).

Thank you very much and happy new year for all

Alberto Acosta

Associated Professor

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

Bogota Colombia

MSN Photos is the easiest way to share and print your photos: Click = Here
~~~~~~~ For=20 directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the = digests,=20 please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, = then click=20 on Coral-List Listserver.
------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C1862D.AE80A000-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOHVRD00.H45 for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:45:13 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOHVXW00.15B; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:49:08 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA24844; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:49:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAt2ayHW; Mon, 17 Dec 01 10:49:07 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA10082 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 15:36:22 GMT Received: from ashley.cofc.edu (cofc.edu [153.9.11.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA10111 for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:36:06 -0500 (EST) Received: from elmo2 ([153.9.34.248]) by cofc.edu (PMDF V6.0-24 #39232) with SMTP id <01KBYZQ7HC56004E3T@cofc.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:35:28 -0500 (EST) Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:34:58 -0500 From: Phillip Dustan Subject: Re: population dependent on reefs: Biosphere perspective X-Sender: dustanp@cofc.edu To: Mark Spalding , coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <3.0.32.20011217103457.00685694@cofc.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0 (32) Content-type: text/enriched; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hi Listers, I'd like to add a few cents here on the population issue. I think you are not giving reefs the credit and important place in the Biosphere they deserve. In fact, billions of people are probably dependent on reefs as they form an integral part of the functioning biosphere. We dont know what would happen if they disappeared and we sure don't know how to put them back together again. For sure, the impact would not be really felt in our lifetimes, but perhaps down the road a few hundred years something might shake out. My point is that the are important to billions from a global perspective. If we want to calculate their immediate financial and food importance then you can quibble about tens to hundreds of millions, BUT they are important to ALL humanity, as are forests, swamps, deserts, tundra, oceans, etc. We need to frame the issue for the long term. You guys all know this, but it sounds like we've lost sight of it when we peck at each other on the list. Happy holidays to all ....... Phil PLEASE NOTE NEW EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW -------------------------------------------------------------------- Phillip Dustan Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC 29424 dustanp@cofc.edu www.cofc.edu/~coral/corallab.htm (843) 953-8086 (843)953-5453 Fax ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOHYNM00.K4D for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 11:47:46 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOHYU400.DTV; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 08:51:40 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA00473; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 08:51:39 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAG2ay4a; Mon, 17 Dec 01 08:51:39 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA10488 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 16:40:24 GMT Message-Id: <200112171640.QAA10488@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:22:45 +1000 From: Jon Brodie To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Course announcement Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 The CRC for the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area (CRC Reef) is planning to hold a Winter School on =91Hydrodynamic and biological models= as diagnostic and planning tools in coral reef environments=92 to be held= in Townsville, Queensland, at the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and James Cook University, July 14-19, 2002. The Winter School is an initiative of these organizations, in collaboration with the University of New South Wales, the University of Hawaii, and the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. The School consists of an open forum and a workshop. Each registrant will undertake a project involving the modelling of a combined hydrodynamic and biological system of interest to them and will work within a small group. Each of the groups will present their project results in the AIMS Lecture Theatre at 2 pm on Friday 19 July and all participants in the Open Forum are invited to attend. Each group will write a short report on their project which will be included in the published proceedings of the Winter School by CRC Reef. Suggestions for project themes are invited at the time of registration. Successful completion of the course will qualify for a University Certificate. The cost of the Workshop is Aus$2,500, including accommodation and local transport in addition to time working on the project under supervision of a tutor dedicated to a small group. The course require a minimum of 20 registered participants. Five scholarships will be offered for the workshop. For further details and updates see www.reef.crc.org.au/winterschool, and register your expression of interest with Jon Brodie at Jon.Brodie@jcu.edu.au --------------212658A06B1F6B0015956623 Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="gejeb.vcf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Description: Card for Jon Brodie Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="gejeb.vcf" begin:vcard n:Brodie;Jon tel;fax:07 4781 5589 tel;home:07 4778 5423 tel;work:07 4781 6435 x-mozilla-html:FALSE org:Australian Centre for Tropical Freshwater Research;James Cook University, Townsville, 4811. Tel: 07 4781 6435 Fax: 07 4781 5589 adr:;;James Cook University;Townsville;Qld;4811;Australia version:2.1 email;internet:jon.brodie@jcu.edu.au title:Principal Research Officer fn:Jon end:vcard --------------212658A06B1F6B0015956623-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:33 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOHYNO00.H4C for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 11:47:48 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOHYU600.Q9E; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 11:51:42 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA09195; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 11:51:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAUray8r; Mon, 17 Dec 01 11:51:40 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA10537 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 16:41:09 GMT Message-Id: <200112171641.QAA10537@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 10:12:18 -0500 (EST) From: Doverspike To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Polyp responses to corallivory Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hi, I am an undergraduate at the BU Marine Program at Woods Hole and I am conducting a research project on the responses of different coral polyps to simulated predation. I was wondering if people know of any references describing the responses of polyps to such activity, or if people have suggestions for general references which might be of use. Thanks. ~Sarah Doverspike ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOI16K00.95X for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 12:42:20 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOI1D200.VOV; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 09:46:14 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA09466; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 09:46:14 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAxxaqEs; Mon, 17 Dec 01 09:46:13 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA10203 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 17:35:06 GMT Received: from vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu (vxe.ocis.uncwil.edu [152.20.1.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA10636 for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 12:34:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from CONVERSION-DAEMON.uncwil.edu by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) id <01KBZ3VURB0G91W1UY@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 12:34:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from szmanta-dell.uncwil.edu (szmanta-dell.bio.uncwil.edu [152.20.28.82]) by uncwil.edu (PMDF V6.0-025 #42253) with ESMTP id <01KBZ3VSKVLM91W3YK@uncwil.edu> for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 12:34:31 -0500 (EST) Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 12:38:58 -0500 From: "Alina M. Szmant" Subject: Fwd: CMS Postdoctoral Position ad X-Sender: szmanta@pop.uncwil.edu To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Message-id: <5.1.0.14.2.20011217123834.00a70610@pop.uncwil.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.1 Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Boundary_(ID_zkP5Cbs0uZ7pVLJfXyJSYw)" Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 --Boundary_(ID_zkP5Cbs0uZ7pVLJfXyJSYw) Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed >The University of North Carolina at Wilmington (UNCW) Center for Marine >Science invites applications for a position in the Marine Science >Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Any area of marine science will be >considered; however, applications must document that the proposed research >will complement ongoing research in the Master of Science in marine >science program at UNCW, a dynamic program housed in a new laboratory >building on the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. Research is conducted in >the open ocean and in coastal and estuarine regions, as well as in >laboratory studies using natural or cultured materials. Faculty research >interests are listed at http://www.uncwil.edu/mms. Teaching and outreach >opportunities also exist; this is a resume-building position. This >fellowship is available for up to two years beginning as early as March 1, >2002, with the second year contingent upon satisfactory progress in year >1. Please send a curriculum vita, statement of research interests >including potential collaborators at UNCW, dissertation title and >abstract, official transcript for Ph.D. studies, and three letters of >reference to the PDF Search Committee Chair, UNCW Center for Marine >Science, 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC, 28409. Review of >applications will begin February 15, 2002. Electronic applications will >not be considered. > >UNCW is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Minorities and >women are particularly encouraged to apply. ******************************************************************* Dr. Alina M. Szmant Coral Reef Research Group Professor of Biology Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina at Wilmington 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane Wilmington NC 28409-5928 tel: (910)962-2362 fax: (910)962-2410 email: szmanta@uncwil.edu http://www.uncwil.edu/people/szmanta/ ****************************************************************** --Boundary_(ID_zkP5Cbs0uZ7pVLJfXyJSYw) Content-type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable

The University of North Carolina a= t Wilmington (UNCW) Center for Marine Science invites applications for a position in the Marine Science Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Any area of marine science will be considered; however, applications must document that the proposed research will complement ongoing research in the Master of Science in marine science program at UNCW, a dynamic program housed in a new laboratory building on the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. Research is conducted in the open ocean and in coastal and estuarine regions, as well as in laboratory studies using natural or cultured materials. Faculty research interests are listed at http://www.uncwil.e= du/mms. Teaching and outreach opportunities also exist; this is a resume-building position. This fellowship is available for up to two years beginning as early as March 1, 2002, with the second year contingent upon satisfactory progress in year 1. Please send a curriculum vita, statement of research interests including potential collaborators at UNCW, dissertation title and abstract, official transcript for Ph.D. studies, and three letters of reference to the PDF Search Committee Chair, UNCW Center for Marine Science, 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC, 28409. Review of applications will begin February 15, 2002. Electronic applications will not be considered.

UNCW is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Minorities and women are particularly encouraged to apply.

*******************************************************************=20
Dr. Alina M. Szmant
Coral Reef Research Group
Professor of Biology
Center for Marine Science
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane
Wilmington NC 28409-5928
tel: (910)962-2362 fax: (910)962-2410
email: szmanta@uncwil.edu
ht= tp://www.uncwil.edu/people/szmanta/
****************************************************************** --Boundary_(ID_zkP5Cbs0uZ7pVLJfXyJSYw)-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOIFER00.QBC for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 17:49:39 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOIFL900.JUB; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 14:53:33 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id OAA29657; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 14:53:32 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAk_aa75; Mon, 17 Dec 01 14:53:32 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id WAA11325 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 22:42:21 GMT Received: from name2.sunbeach.net (name2.sunbeach.net [205.214.199.131]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA11411 for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 17:42:14 -0500 (EST) From: bmtrust@sunbeach.net Received: from sunbeach.net (mail.sunbeach.net [205.214.199.134]) by name2.sunbeach.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA24192 for ; Mon, 17 Dec 2001 17:47:32 -0400 Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 18:40:17 -0400 Message-Id: <200112171840.AA1796145202@sunbeach.net> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Reply-To: To: Subject: Population dependent on reefs X-Mailer: Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 I agree with you Phil - we do not give the reefs the credit they deserve. Mark Spalding makes the point the dependence is relative. To some of us in the islands they are the b-all and end-all of everything!! Our dependence is greater than the fish we eat and the divers we attract- the quality of our beaches alone-(without which we are really doomed) is reef dependant. Everyone in the world may not be dependant on the reefs now but certainly future generations may become a lot more dependant once the true medicinal value of the reefs is realised. Loreto Duffy-Mayers Executive Director Barbados Marine Trust _____________________________________________________ _________ Sent via the WebMail system at http://mail.sunbeach.net:8383 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOJRDF00.14R for ; Tue, 18 Dec 2001 11:05:39 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOJRJW00.54Q; Tue, 18 Dec 2001 11:09:32 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA05340; Tue, 18 Dec 2001 11:09:32 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAIKaGwk; Tue, 18 Dec 01 11:09:31 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA13191 for coral-list-outgoing; Tue, 18 Dec 2001 15:55:56 GMT Message-Id: <200112181555.PAA13191@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> From: "Ariadna Benet" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Madang Lagoon Project. WWF-Pacific Ecoregions Centre Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 16:42:51 +1000 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear all, =20 My name is Ariadna Benet and I work with the WWF PNG office in Madang. I = am currently coordinating a water quality monitoring programme for the = Madang Lagoon and this email is to inform you about our Madang Lagoon = water quality monitoring project and to request your assistance if = possible. Background The North Coast of Papua New Guinea is home to some of the richest coral = reef ecosystems on earth. In particular, the Madang Lagoon has a highly = heterogenous reef system, which shows an unprecedented diversity of = coral reef, and reef fishes (700 species of coral and more than 1000 = species of reef fishes) (add reference here) . In addition to the = biodiversity value, Madang Lagoon provides vital resources to the = coastal communities who's livelihoods are dependent on a subsistence = fish and marine products economy . Madang Lagoon also provides a number = of dive sites which are of great importance to the tourism industry and = provides additional income for Madang residents. A serious threat to the Madang Lagoon is the potential decrease in water = quality due to the rapid development of the Madang town and the = surrounding coastal areas . Madang has an estimated population of = 30000 people who live in the town and adjacent settlements . A = parliament survey suggests that a number of point and non-point = pollution sources could drastically reduce water quality and threaten = biodiversity and community livelihoods within the Madang Lagoon . = Possible sources include overflows from tuna and beef canneries = industries, sediment and coastal erosion initiated by logging and = intensive coastal agriculture untreated sewage and rubbish and = increased shipping activities in the Madang Harbour and Lagoon. Madang = Lagoon is a very active and changing part of PNG that requires proper = management to prevent potential ecological disasters that would badly = affect both the coastal population and marine life, thus biodiversity. Project In response to the potential threats identified during the preliminary = survey and initial consultation with concerned stakeholders, WWF PNG is = initiating a water quality monitoring project for the Madang Lagoon. = This project will be a major component of the Integrated Coastal Zone = Management Plan for Madang which will include adjacent water catchment = and coastal areas. The water quality monitoring project is being = developed and an extensive literature review is currently being = undertaken. Although data is available, it is very difficult to locate = so that it can be compiled and information gaps identified. This is = further complicated by the unaccessibility of library resources and the = unreliability of the internet. As the coordinator of this project, I would be very grateful if you = could assist us in any of the following ways:=20 1) Data : I f you could please send us, by e-mail or normal mail, any = information such as papers produced by yourself or your colleagues, = conclusions or ideas that might be useful, pictures, maps and/or any = other data sources relating to the Madang Lagoon or surrounding areas, = that the project could use as the bases for designing and implementing a = monitoring programme. Parameters monitored could include biological, = physical, traditional point and non-point source pollution and = socio-economic indicators.=20 2) As part of the project, a reference group would be formed, which the = project could consult on various issues as they came up (e.g. water = quality monitoring, chemical analysis, baseline surveys etc.). Would you = be interested in being a member of this reference group The information obtained during this project would be used in the ICZM = plan for Madang, which in turn could be a model for other areas in PNG. = The data will also be used in the development of a marine educational = programme that WWF would like to establish in selective pilot schools in = PNG. I understand that you are probably very busy and apologise if this is an = imposition on your current work load, however, any information that you = could send us would be very gratefully acknowledged and appreciated. Thanking you in advance, looking forward to hearing from you, best regards, Ariadna Benet PD: Let me take the opportunity to wish you all Merry Christmas and a = happy New Year. _______________________ Ariadna Benet, PhD Water Quality Monitoring Programme Coordinator Pacific Ecoregions Centre (PERC) Private Mail Bag Madang, PNG Ph: (675) 852 3720 FAX: (675) 852 37 21 e-mail: abenet@wwfpacific.org.pg abenet@pngimr.org.pg ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLF2Q00.V6R for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:35:14 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLF9900.F5M; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:39:09 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA15420; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:39:08 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAJAayhE; Wed, 19 Dec 01 08:39:08 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA15878 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 13:26:30 GMT Message-Id: <200112191326.NAA15878@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 21:14:20 EST Subject: Mozambique reefs From: Polyps@aol.com To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Some good news for Mozambique reefs http://ens-news.com/ens/dec2001/2001L-12-17-03.html News Service: Mozambique Protects Reefs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLFA000.M8E for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:39:36 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLFGG00.048; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:43:28 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA16539; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:43:27 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA2FaarG; Wed, 19 Dec 01 08:43:26 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA15442 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 13:34:21 GMT Message-Id: <200112191334.NAA15442@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:16:20 -0500 From: "Jim Hendee" To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Seasons Greetings, and a suggestion Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Seasons Greetings, Coral-Listers! For those of you who plan on taking some time off for the holidays, you may want to consider unsubscribing from coral-list and subscribing to coral-list-digest (weekly digest) or coral-list-daily (daily digest) during your time away from your email. That would at least reduce the number of email messages you'll have waiting for you when you get back. You could accomplish both moves in one message to majordomo@coral.aoml.noaa.gov by sending this text ONLY in the body of the message: unsubscribe coral-list subscribe coral-list-digest ; (or coral-list-daily) If you get a bounced message from majordomo that says in effect you are not subscribed to coral-list, it may be that your email address is a little different than what it was when you first subscribed (as in the case where your incoming email would be forwarded from your old address to your new one). If that happens, drop me a line and I'll attend to the problem. I hope you all have some wonderful holidays coming up! Thank you so much for your support of coral-list over the years, and I sincerely hope that your coming New Year will be a happy, healthy and rewarding one. Sincerely yours, Jim Hendee coral-list administration ---------------------------------------------------- James C. Hendee, Ph.D. Coral Health and Monitoring Program Ocean Chemistry Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, FL 33149-1026 Voice: (305) 361-4396 Fax: (305) 361-4392 Email: jim.hendee@noaa.gov Web: http://www.coral.noaa.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLMRX00.F8N for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 11:21:33 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLMYE00.DA8; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:25:26 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA12613; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 08:25:25 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA9gaGKy; Wed, 19 Dec 01 08:25:25 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA01620 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 16:15:33 GMT Received: from web9009.mail.yahoo.com (web9009.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.128.171]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA01571 for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 11:15:09 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <20011219161502.5245.qmail@web9009.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [209.88.50.67] by web9009.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 10:15:02 CST Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 10:15:02 -0600 (CST) From: =?iso-8859-1?q?carolina=20castro?= Subject: Need Information To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id QAA01620 X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear Members: I am a undergraduate student of Marine Biology in Bogot=E1, Colombia, and I am searching for information for my thesis project about predation of corals due to herbivorous and coralivorous fishes.=20 Please contact me if you have any information on where I may obtain copies of current or past research papers pertaining to this field. Thank you. Carolina Castro. _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? =BFQuieres armar tu pr=F3pia p=E1gina Web pero no sabes HTML? Usa los asistentes de edici=F3n de Yahoo! Geocities y tendr=E1s un sitio en s=F3lo unos minutos. Vis=EDtanos en http://espanol.geocities.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLY5P00.J8Q for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:27:25 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOLYC700.5UL; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:31:19 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id PAA12433; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:31:18 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAVRaiqy; Wed, 19 Dec 01 15:31:17 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA02588 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:20:51 GMT Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov (firewall-user@hugo.aoml.noaa.gov [192.111.123.247]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA02572 for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:20:40 -0500 (EST) Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA18070; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:16:08 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(172.16.100.2) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018057; Wed, 19 Dec 01 15:15:08 -0500 Received: from hugo.aoml.noaa.gov by chaos.aoml.noaa.gov (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id LAA23460; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 11:17:47 -0500 Received: by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov; id PAA18033; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:15:07 -0500 (EST) Received: from unknown(216.136.131.149) by hugo.aoml.noaa.gov via smap (V5.5) id xma018011; Wed, 19 Dec 01 15:14:50 -0500 Message-ID: <20011219201915.86291.qmail@web11102.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [196.42.37.155] by web11102.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 12:19:15 PST Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 12:19:15 -0800 (PST) From: Hernandez Edwin Subject: Coral reef Ecological Risk Assessment To: coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="0-1149646360-1008793155=:80779" Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 --0-1149646360-1008793155=:80779 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Dear Coral-Listers. Season greetings! This short notice is my last option to attempt to get some assistance in a literature research I've been carrying out during the last weeks regarding Ecological Risk Assessment. Here at the University of Puerto Rico, we are in the process of organizing a round table during the month of March, 2002, to discuss the need to develop an Ecological Risk Assessment program for Puerto Rico and I'll be presenting several recommendations regarding Ecological Risk Assessments in coral reefs and seagrass bed habitats. However, after a preliminary search there is a general lack of published work regarding this topic. In spite of that, I've found some preetty good references and have prepared a set of preliminary recommendations to present during the meeting. But, I'd like to contact any colleague in the coral-list who might happen to be currently involved in coral reef Ecological Risk Assessment. I ammost interested to know about recent applications, bio-criteria standards for coral reef epibenthic and fish communities, and seagrass bed communities, from different countries. I'd like also to know if there is any recently published paper or technical report (often unavailable through standard bibliographical indexes), which can include mathematical modelling regarding the relationship among shifting environmental and ecological conditions in coral reef habitats. I'll appreciate any advice on this issue. Thanks in advance. Cheers, Edwin Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado, Ph.D. University of Puerto Rico Department of Biology Coral Reef Research Group P.O. Box 23360 San Juan, P.R. 00931-3360 Tel (787) 764-0000, x-4855; Fax (787) 764-2610 --------------------------------- Do You Yahoo!? Check out Yahoo! Shopping and Yahoo! Auctionsfor all of your holiday gifts! --0-1149646360-1008793155=:80779 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Dear Coral-Listers.

Season greetings! This short notice is my last option to attempt to get some assistance in a literature research I've been carrying out during the last weeks regarding Ecological Risk Assessment. Here at the University of Puerto Rico, we are in the process of organizing a round table during the month of March, 2002, to discuss the need to develop an Ecological Risk Assessment program for Puerto Rico and I'll be presenting several recommendations regarding Ecological Risk Assessments in coral reefs and seagrass bed habitats.

However, after a preliminary search there is a general lack of published work regarding this topic. In spite of that, I've found some preetty good references and have prepared a set of preliminary recommendations to present during the meeting. But, I'd like to contact any colleague in the coral-list who might happen to be currently involved in coral reef Ecological Risk Assessment. I ammost interested to know about recent applications, bio-criteria standards for coral reef epibenthic and fish communities, and seagrass bed communities, from different countries. I'd like also to know if there is any recently published paper or technical report (often unavailable through standard bibliographical indexes), which can include mathematical modelling regarding the relationship among shifting environmental and ecological conditions in coral reef habitats.

I'll appreciate any advice on this issue. Thanks in advance.

Cheers,

Edwin

Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado, Ph.D.
University of Puerto Rico
Department of Biology
Coral Reef Research Group
P.O. Box 23360
San Juan, P.R. 00931-3360
Tel (787) 764-0000, x-4855; Fax (787) 764-2610

Do You Yahoo!?
Check out Yahoo! Shopping and Yahoo! Auctions for all of your holiday gifts! --0-1149646360-1008793155=:80779-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOM7Q000.P7T for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 18:54:00 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOM7WJ00.M0R; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 18:57:55 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA16347; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 18:57:53 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAWaai7F; Wed, 19 Dec 01 18:57:53 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id XAA03092 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 23:40:43 GMT Received: from o1.telstra.easymail.com.au ([192.148.129.77]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA03091 for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 18:40:32 -0500 (EST) From: dfenner@telstra.easymail.com.au Received: from telstra.easymail.com.au ([192.148.129.80]) by o1.telstra.easymail.com.au (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with SMTP id AAG5DA0 for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:32:31 +1100 MIME-Version: 1.0 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: coral ranges and distributions Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:32:31 +1100 Message-ID: <7746B283C98.AAG5DA0@o1.telstra.easymail.com.au> Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Fellow coral-listers, For those of you interested in the ranges of individual coral species, may I recommend the recent 3-volume book by JEN Veron, "Corals of the World". For all 793 currently recognized species of zooxanthellate corals in the world there is a map of the range. Although the ranges are shown, individual locations at which the species have been found are not indicated. You can find out more about the book at www.aims.gov.au/corals I have a paper in press with the Bulletin of Marine Science that gives all known locations for 3 species of Caribbean corals ("Biogeography of three Caribbean corals..."). The paper includes an extensive bibliography of papers that present checklists of corals in the West Indies, Gulf of Mexico, and Florida. That bibliography could be used to map other species. Several authors have commented that most corals found in the Caribbean are found throughout the Caribbean. Only one coral species has been documented to have a range extending to only part of the Caribbean, Millepora squarrosa in the SE Caribbean. Two others known so far from only part of the Caribbean are Millepora striata and Leptoseris cailetti. Most Caribbean species also extend outside the Caribbean, but to a variable extent- to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, Bermuda, Brazil, Africa, or the east coast of the US. -Doug Douglas Fenner Australian Institute of Marine Science Townsville, Queensland, Australia ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOML6Q00.5BV for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 23:44:50 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMLD700.HQK; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:48:43 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id UAA24049; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:48:43 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAtsaa9U; Wed, 19 Dec 01 20:48:43 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA03350 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 04:39:16 GMT Received: from web20109.mail.yahoo.com (web20109.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.226.46]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id XAA03341 for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 23:39:06 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <20011220043859.87748.qmail@web20109.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [213.42.1.244] by web20109.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:38:59 PST Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 20:38:59 -0800 (PST) From: Tom Williams Subject: Need Camera/Housing Advice To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hello Listers Happy Holidays We in Dubai are at 28-29oC today, so nice. We are trying to find a reasonable, practical digital-video camera and a good housing for doing UW video for inventory work.. We seem to be trap into the $10K range for a good sony 3K, a Gates housing-3K, a MAC/Apple editing and accessory-3K (since we are PC based). Are there any reasonable digital video camera with commensurate housing and using archaic PC editing systems??? - We have about 1 sq km to do inventory and prioritization for relocation. Thanks Alot Tom Williams Jebel Ali Free Zone Authority, Dubai UAE __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Check out Yahoo! Shopping and Yahoo! Auctions for all of your unique holiday gifts! Buy at http://shopping.yahoo.com or bid at http://auctions.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMMNZ00.U9P for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 00:16:47 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMMUH00.79R; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 00:20:41 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id AAA12157; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 00:20:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAYEaaUx; Thu, 20 Dec 01 00:20:40 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA03423 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 05:13:22 GMT Received: from pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th (daemon@pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th [161.200.192.17]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA03415 for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 00:13:16 -0500 (EST) Received: (from www@localhost) by pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th (8.11.6/8.11.6) id fBK5D2c13346 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 12:13:02 +0700 (GMT+0700) X-Authentication-Warning: pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th: www set sender to Arnupap.P@Chula.ac.th using -f To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Chromosome study in Galaxea sp. Message-ID: <1008825182.3c21735ebe786@pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th> Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 12:13:02 +0700 (GMT+0700) From: Arnupap Panichpol MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-11 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit User-Agent: IMP/PHP IMAP webmail program 2.2.3 X-Sender: parnupap@localhost X-Originating-IP: 203.146.174.232 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear All, I'm interesting in study in coral chromosome. Did anyone got a good technique to take the tissue form coral for chromosome study ? It had problem with mucus from coral. Regards, Arnupap Panichpol Aquatic Resourece Research Institute 9th floor, Institute Building No.3 Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Rd. Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand Tel. 662-2188160-3 Fax.662-2544259 e-mail homepage ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMOF200.9BN for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 00:54:38 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMOLJ00.GFU; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 21:58:31 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA00311; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 21:58:31 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAx0aWMa; Wed, 19 Dec 01 21:58:31 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA03451 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 05:50:00 GMT Received: from falcon.prod.itd.earthlink.net (falcon.mail.pas.earthlink.net [207.217.120.74]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA03444 for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 00:49:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from pool0021.cvx6-bradley.dialup.earthlink.net ([209.178.158.21] helo=Gregscomputer) by falcon.prod.itd.earthlink.net with smtp (Exim 3.33 #1) id 16Gw5P-00057q-00; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 21:49:44 -0800 From: "Gregor Hodgson" To: "Tom Williams" , Subject: RE: Need Camera/Housing Advice Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 21:44:59 -0800 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2911.0) In-reply-to: <20011220043859.87748.qmail@web20109.mail.yahoo.com> Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 For more info than you ever wanted to know about underwater video systems log onto http://www.videouniversity.com/wwwboard/water/ For bottom end -- try Top Dawg with Sony TRV XXX. Greg -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Tom Williams Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 8:39 PM To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Need Camera/Housing Advice Hello Listers Happy Holidays We in Dubai are at 28-29oC today, so nice. We are trying to find a reasonable, practical digital-video camera and a good housing for doing UW video for inventory work.. We seem to be trap into the $10K range for a good sony 3K, a Gates housing-3K, a MAC/Apple editing and accessory-3K (since we are PC based). Are there any reasonable digital video camera with commensurate housing and using archaic PC editing systems??? - We have about 1 sq km to do inventory and prioritization for relocation. Thanks Alot Tom Williams Jebel Ali Free Zone Authority, Dubai UAE __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Check out Yahoo! Shopping and Yahoo! Auctions for all of your unique holiday gifts! Buy at http://shopping.yahoo.com or bid at http://auctions.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMDRI00.3CN for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 21:04:30 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOMDXZ00.1GJ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 18:08:23 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id SAA14459; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 18:08:23 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXMaqpC; Wed, 19 Dec 01 18:08:22 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA03219 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 02:00:56 GMT Received: from stellar.calm.wa.gov.au (stellar.calm.wa.gov.au [202.1.29.109]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA03239 for ; Wed, 19 Dec 2001 21:00:20 -0500 (EST) Received: from calm-kens-2.calm.wa.gov.au (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by stellar.calm.wa.gov.au (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.3) with ESMTP id JAA01213 for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:57:27 +0800 (WST) Received: from calm-frem-1.calm.wa.gov.au ([202.1.21.40]) by calm-kens-2.calm.wa.gov.au with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.0.2195.2966); Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:00:46 +0800 Subject: FW: Dendrogyra cylindrus MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----_=_NextPart_001_01C188FA.22AAE68C" Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:00:44 +0800 content-class: urn:content-classes:message X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft Exchange V6.0.4712.0 Message-ID: <16EE04DF69DFB744B57D9E23203ED515036647@calm-frem-1.calm.wa.gov.au> Thread-Topic: Dendrogyra cylindrus Thread-Index: AcGIp7XyzRoi/OqnTsaln9lz1KIbKAAVeBvw From: "Grubba, Tim" To: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 20 Dec 2001 02:00:46.0486 (UTC) FILETIME=[23AD8360:01C188FA] Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------_=_NextPart_001_01C188FA.22AAE68C Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Alberto, During 1996-1997, I was involved in some monitoring work on Montserrat and observed numerous colonies of Dendrogyra cylindrus on the island's North West reefs in areas such as Little Bay and Rendezvous Bay in water depths of 5-10 meters. I hope that this is of some assistance. =20 Cheers =20 Tim Grubba Marine Ecologist Marine Conservation Branch Dept of Conservation & Land Management 47 Henry St Fremantle WA 6150 =20 Ph: (+61 -8) 9432 5118 Fax: (+61 -8) 9430 5408 =20 =20 http://www.naturebase.net =20 =20 =20 -----Original Message----- From: alberto alcosta [mailto:laacosta55@hotmail.com] Sent: Sunday, 16 December 2001 5:18 To: Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov; coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Dendrogyra cylindrus Dear listers I am working the distribution and demography of Dendrogyra cylindrus in Providencia Island, Colombian Caribbean. I will really apreciated anyone that can provide me some information of this species (ms etc.), since I have been reviewed most of the journals we have in Colombia. One of the objectives of the proposal is to generate an accurate distribution map for Dendrogyra in the Caribbean. So far I know this species have been reported in Panama (Holst y Guzman 1993) Florida (pers obs; Sullivan 1996; Hudson 1996), Puerto Rico (Weil pers. com.) and Colombia (San Andres and Providencia Island, Diaz et al 2000; Geister). Thank you very much and happy new year for all Alberto Acosta Associated Professor Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogota Colombia =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 _____ =20 MSN Photos is the easiest way to share and print your photos: Click Here =20 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.=20 ------_=_NextPart_001_01C188FA.22AAE68C Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Alberto,

       &nbs= p;   =20 During 1996-1997, I was involved in some monitoring work on Montserrat=20 and observed numerous colonies of Dendrogyra cylindrus on the = island's=20 North West reefs in areas such as Little Bay and Rendezvous Bay in water = depths=20 of  5-10 meters. I hope that this is of some=20 assistance.

Cheers

Tim=20 Grubba

Marine=20 Ecologist

Marine = Conservation=20 Branch

Dept of = Conservation=20 & Land Management

47 Henry=20 St

Fremantle WA=20 6150

Ph: (+61 -8) = 9432=20 5118

Fax: = (+61 -8) 9430=20 5408           &nb= sp;   =20

http://www.naturebase.net<= /DIV>

-----Original Message-----
From: alberto alcosta=20 [mailto:laacosta55@hotmail.com]
Sent: Sunday, 16 December = 2001=20 5:18
To: Jim.Hendee@noaa.gov;=20 coral-list@aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: Dendrogyra=20 cylindrus

Dear listers

I am working the distribution and demography of = Dendrogyra =20 cylindrus in Providencia Island, Colombian Caribbean. I = will really=20 apreciated anyone that can provide me some information of this = species=20 (ms etc.), since I have been reviewed most of the journals we have in=20 Colombia. One of the objectives of the proposal is to generate = an=20 accurate distribution map for Dendrogyra in the=20 Caribbean.  So far I know this species have been=20 reported in Panama (Holst y Guzman 1993) Florida (pers obs; = Sullivan=20 1996; Hudson 1996), Puerto Rico (Weil pers. com.) and Colombia = (San=20 Andres and Providencia Island, Diaz et al 2000;=20 Geister).

Thank you very much and happy new year for all

Alberto Acosta

Associated Professor

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

Bogota Colombia

MSN Photos is the easiest way to share and print your photos: Click = Here
~~~~~~~ For=20 directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the = digests,=20 please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, = then click=20 on Coral-List Listserver.
------_=_NextPart_001_01C188FA.22AAE68C-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GONC4L00.BAP for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:26:45 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GONCB400.4G7; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:30:40 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA06051; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:30:39 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPPaq0l; Thu, 20 Dec 01 09:30:38 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA04616 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 14:22:27 GMT Message-Id: <200112201422.OAA04616@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 13:44:30 +1000 From: Maria del Carmen Gomez Cabrera To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: AW: Dendrogyra cylindrus Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Sorry to post this message to the entire list, but I didn't see the original message and I don't have Alberto Acosta's address. Estimado Prof Acosta, Espero que esta informacion le sirva de alguna ayuda. En diversas inmersiones en la isla venezolana La Orchila hemos observado esta especie. De hecho tenemos videos de la misma. Es muy probable que se encuentre en otras localidades de la costa e islas venezolanas, pero yo no sabria decirle con precision. Es probable que la Prof. Sheila M. Pauls de la Universidad Central de Venezuela tenga informacion mas especifica a este respecto. Atentamente Mar�a del Carmen (K-le) G�mez-Cabrera Centre for Marine Studies University of Queensland St Lucia, QLD 4072 Brisbane, Australia. Phone: (07) 33651475 Fax: (07)33654755 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:34 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GONCF100.J9V for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:33:01 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GONCLK00.BH3; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:36:56 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id JAA07152; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 09:36:55 -0500 (EST) From: Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAfDai6n; Thu, 20 Dec 01 09:36:54 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA04670 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 20 Dec 2001 14:31:36 GMT Message-Id: <200112201431.OAA04670@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 08:26:59 -0500 (EST) To: Tom Williams cc: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Need Camera/Housing Advice Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 > Are there any reasonable digital video camera with > commensurate housing and using archaic PC editing > systems??? - We have about 1 sq km to do inventory and > prioritization for relocation. Hi Tom and everyone, I'm using a new type of digital camera for my coral reef remote sensing work from a light aircraft. The camera is an Axis 2120 "Network Camera" and it costs about $1000. It does not have a housing for underwater operation though. The camera can take up to 25 frames/second or as few as one every several minutes. I use it to take a frame once per second. The pictures come out of the camera via 10-baseT ethernet, or computer network interface. It connects directly to an existing computer network and you can access it via it's own builtin webpage, or you can set the camera to automatically "ftp" pictures to your computer (or any other computer). I use it with the ftp option. It saves each picture as a single "jpeg" image and includes a time/date/comment string at the top of each photo. On a typical 4 hour flight, we will capture almost 15,000 pictures. For your underwater application you would need a small handheld computer like an IPAQ or something to capture and view the photos. This camera would be very good for things like "video transects" or other applications where you don't really need video but want a continous overlapping photo record ot some event. You can see the cmaera at: http://www.axis.com/products/cam_2120/index.htm C. Wayne Wright ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOOILX00.RBL for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 00:44:21 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOOISG00.97I; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 00:48:16 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id AAA00082; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 00:48:15 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAlha4ja; Fri, 21 Dec 01 00:48:15 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id FAA06148 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 05:38:59 GMT Received: from ultra1.nies.go.jp (ultra1.nies.go.jp [158.210.30.7]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA06151 for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 00:38:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from vsv.nies.go.jp (vsv.nies.go.jp [158.210.30.31]) by ultra1.nies.go.jp (8.11.6/8.11.6) with SMTP id fBL5cc119757 for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 14:38:38 +0900 (JST) Received: FROM unisv.nies.go.jp BY vsv.nies.go.jp ; Fri Dec 21 14:42:03 2001 +0900 Received: from [158.210.67.103] (mac67a.nies.go.jp [158.210.67.103]) by unisv.nies.go.jp (8.11.1/8.11.1) with ESMTP id fBL5caZ02953 for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 14:38:36 +0900 (JST) Message-Id: <200112210538.fBL5caZ02953@unisv.nies.go.jp> X-Sender: hyamano@unisv3.nies.go.jp X-Mailer: Macintosh Eudora Pro Version 3.1.1-J Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 14:38:05 +0900 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov From: Hiroya Yamano Subject: 2001 summer bleaching report in Japan Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear coral listers The International Coral Reef Research and Monitoring Center (Ministry of the Environment, Japan, http://www.coremoc.go.jp/english/top_e.html) and the Japanese Coral Reef Society summarized the bleaching status around Japan in the summer of 2001. ---Summary Report--- Overview: Due to high water temperature in July and August, bleaching in corals and soft corals was observed in the Ryukyu Islands (from Yaeyama Islands to Yaku Island), while no significant bleaching was observed at around Japan Main Islands and Ogasawara Islands. In September, typhoons struck the Ryukyu Islands and reduced the water temperature, resulting in the end of the bleaching. 1. Ryukyu Islands 1-1. Yaeyama Islands (24.4N, 124E) *Water temperature Water temperature reached >30 degC in late-June and early-July, and kept 30-31 degC till late August. The temperature suddenly dropped into 28-29 degC in September due to an approach of a typhoon. *Bleaching status Pale or partially-bleached corals were first observed in early- to mid-July. The bleaching spread throughout the area in late-July to mid-August. Severe bleaching was observed in late-August. A loss of 70-80% of healthy Acropora and dead Seriatopora covered with algae were found. The bleaching ended in September. At that time, some corals were found to be recovered. 1-2. Miyako Island (24.7N, 125.4E) *Water temperature Water temperature reached >30 degC from late-June, and kept around 30 degC from early-July to early-August with minor daily fluctuations. *Bleaching status Pale or partially-bleached corals were observed from June to August, but not so severe. The bleaching ended in late September. 1-3. Okinawa Island (26.5N, 128E) *Water temperature Water temperature increased to reach 29 degC in June at a depth of up to 30 m. It was over 30 degC in dairy average from mid-July to mid-August. In mid- and late-August, the temperature began to decrease. Typhoons struck Okinawa in September, and temperature decreased significantly. *Bleaching status Initial bleaching was found in late-July at shallow areas in Acropora. Bleaching was commonly observed from late-July to early-August in Acropora, Pocillopora and Montipora, but completely bleached corals were rare. The bleaching ended in September. 1-4. Amami Islands (28.2N, 129.4E) *Water temperature Water temperature was ~30 degC in mid-August. The temperature decreased after mid-August when a typhoon struck the island. *Bleaching status Initial bleaching was observed in late-July at shallow reefs flats and backreef moats. In August, complete bleaching was observed in Porites that survived in the 1998 bleaching, in Acropora that recruited after the 1998 bleaching, and in 50 % of transplanted corals after the 1998 bleaching. 1-5. Yaku Island (30.3N, 130.5E) *Water temperature Water temperature in the daytime was 30~32 degC from late-July to early-August. The daytime temperature was <30 degC in mid- and late-August and dropped into 28 degC in September. *Bleaching status Bleaching was observed from late-July to early August in Acropora that recruited after the 1998 bleaching, in sea anemones, and in soft corals. Sea anemones was recovering from the bleaching in early-October. 2. Japan Main Islands 2-1. Amakusa, Kyushu (32.2N, 130E) No significant bleaching was observed. 2-2. Kushimoto (33.5N, 135.8E) Slight coral bleaching was found only in a tide pool. No significant bleaching in other places. 3. Ogasawara Islands (27N, 142.2E) No significant bleaching was observed. --- >>(#("> --- Hiroya Yamano, Dr. --- <")=)<< Social and Environmental Systems Division Y National Institute for Environmental Studies _Y_Y__Y_ 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOPP1Q00.0AH for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 16:01:02 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOPP8900.5W5; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 16:04:57 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA25089; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 16:04:56 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAl7aO_W; Fri, 21 Dec 01 16:04:55 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA08820 for coral-list-outgoing; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 20:51:03 GMT Received: from mail.co.broward.fl.us (mail.co.broward.fl.us [205.166.161.35]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA08769 for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:50:45 -0500 (EST) Received: from co.broward.fl.us (FA29MR [10.249.108.8]) by mail.co.broward.fl.us (AIX4.3/UCB 8.8.8/8.7.10) with SMTP id PAA74098 for ; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:50:04 -0500 Received: from INETGATE-Message_Server by co.broward.fl.us with Novell_GroupWise; Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:49:55 -0500 Message-Id: X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise Internet Agent 5.5.5.1 Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 15:49:49 -0500 From: "PAM FLETCHER" To: Subject: Socioeconomic Study of Reefs in Southeast Florida Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=_B4E9A663.A7C6BB6A" Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a MIME message. If you are reading this text, you may want to consider changing to a mail reader or gateway that understands how to properly handle MIME multipart messages. --=_B4E9A663.A7C6BB6A Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable The Socioeconomic Study of Reefs in Southeast Florida is now available by = visiting www.broward.org/bri01700.htm=20 The Socioeconomic Study of Reefs in Southeast Florida determined, in a = comprehensive manner, the net economic value of the natural and artificial = reef resources of southeast Florida to the users of these reefs and the = local economies. This study used surveys to measure the economic impact = and use-values of artificial and natural reefs over a 12-month period. = Economic impacts of the reefs to each county (Broward, Miami-Dade, Monroe = and Palm Beach) were estimated from the survey results. The surveyed reef = users include sport fishers, reef divers, reef snorkelers and those who = use glass bottom boats. In addition, a general visitor survey was = conducted to estimate the proportion of visitors who boat and to estimate = the economic impact of all visitors to each of the four counties. The results of the study reflect the following values: 1. Total reef use by residents and visitors in each of the four counties = over a 12 month period as measured in terms of person-days and person-visit= s. 2. Economic contribution of natural and artificial reefs to each of the = four counties as measured by sales, income and employment. 3. Willingness of reef users to pay to maintain the natural and artificial= reefs of southeast Florida in their existing condition and willingness of = reef users to pay for additional artificial reefs in southeast Florida. --=_B4E9A663.A7C6BB6A Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Description: HTML
The Socioeconomic Study of Reefs in Southeast Florida = is now=20 available by visiting www.broward.org/bri01700.htm=20

The Socioeconomic Study of Reefs in Southeast = Florida=20 determined, in a comprehensive manner, the net economic value of the = natural and=20 artificial reef resources of southeast Florida to the users of these reefs = and=20 the local economies. This study used surveys to measure the = economic=20 impact and use-values of artificial and natural reefs over a 12-month=20 period. Economic impacts of the reefs to each county (Broward, = Miami-Dade,=20 Monroe and Palm Beach) were estimated from the survey results. = The=20 surveyed reef users include sport fishers, reef divers, reef snorkelers = and=20 those who use glass bottom boats. In addition, a general visitor = survey=20 was conducted to estimate the proportion of visitors who boat and to = estimate=20 the economic impact of all visitors to each of the four counties.

The results of the study reflect the following=20 values:

1. Total reef use by residents and visitors in = each of=20 the four counties over a 12 month period as measured in terms of person-day= s and=20 person-visits.

2. Economic contribution of natural and = artificial reefs=20 to each of the four counties as measured by sales, income and=20 employment.

3. Willingness of reef users to pay to maintain = the=20 natural and artificial reefs of southeast Florida in their existing = condition=20 and willingness of reef users to pay for additional artificial reefs in=20 southeast Florida.
--=_B4E9A663.A7C6BB6A-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOR1F100.QJD for ; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 09:25:49 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOR1LJ00.3M8; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 06:29:43 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id GAA25538; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 06:29:43 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAApCaO3X; Sat, 22 Dec 01 06:29:42 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA10019 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 14:20:28 GMT Received: from web10801.mail.yahoo.com (web10801.mail.yahoo.com [216.136.130.243]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id JAA10013 for ; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 09:20:18 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <20011222142012.15308.qmail@web10801.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [65.113.90.142] by web10801.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 06:20:12 PST Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 06:20:12 -0800 (PST) From: mel keys Subject: Groupers endangered? To: coral-list-daily MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Season's greetings, fellow Listers. I'm in a continuing discussion about declining fish populations. Is there a website other than the Monterey Bay Aquarium's listing, that includes groupers, and Caribbean fish and invertibrates, such as snapper, lobster, and conch? Is any grouper on the Endagered list? Thanks in advance. Melissa Keyes St. Croix __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Send your FREE holiday greetings online! http://greetings.yahoo.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOR3CY00.VCW for ; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:07:46 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOR3JH00.ACY; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:11:41 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id KAA04738; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:11:40 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAXeaiqj; Sat, 22 Dec 01 10:11:40 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA09962 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 15:04:52 GMT Received: from lsi.cmrc.org ([200.12.235.69]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA09985 for ; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:04:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from [200.12.235.82] (helo=LSILAPTOP1) by lsi.cmrc.org with smtp (Exim 3.32 #1 (Debian)) id 16Hngp-0000NO-00 for ; Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:03:55 -0500 Message-ID: <001f01c18afa$210afd70$52eb0cc8@LSILAPTOP1> Reply-To: "Craig Dahlgren" From: "Craig Dahlgren" To: Subject: CMRC Research Associate position announcement Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 10:05:34 -0500 Organization: PIMS MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_001A_01C18AD0.321CBF60" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6700 X-MIMEOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6700 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_001A_01C18AD0.321CBF60 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Research Associate Position Announcement The Perry Institute for Marine Science/Caribbean Marine Research Center = (PIMS/CMRC) is hiring 2 Research Associates. Both positions will be = based, full time, at CMRC's research station on Lee Stocking Island, = Bahamas. Research Associate (RA) responsibilities include general = scientific operations and administrative support, including general = laboratory management and maintenance, coordinating and tracking = visiting research and education projects, report preparation, assisting = with in-house research and education projects and other responsibilities = assigned by the Director of Scientific Operations. In addition, one = position (RA1) will also have responsibilities related to several Marine = Protected Area research projects being conducted by CMRC. The other = position (RA2) will have additional responsibilities related to CMRC's = environmental (atmospheric and oceanographic) monitoring program and = related research and monitoring programs. =20 Minimum qualifications for RA positions include: M.S. degree in marine science or related field; minimum of three years = research experience in marine science or related field; knowledge and = experience with laboratory and field research and scientific support = operations; SCUBA diving experience with training in research diving = techniques and ability to meet American Academy of Underwater Sciences = diving standards. =20 =20 Candidates for the RA1 position should also have knowledge of marine = fauna and flora of the Caribbean and experience with reef fish and/or = fisheries research. Experience with tagging and biotelemetry studies is = encouraged. =20 Candidates for the RA2 position should have experience with = oceanographic and/or meteorological equipment. Research experience in = coral reef ecology and/or physical oceanography is encouraged. =20 Candidates for both positions must also be willing to relocate to a = remote field station. PIMS/CMRC will provide housing and a competitive = salary and benefits package. =20 The application deadline for both positions is January 15, 2002, with an = expected start date in February, 2002. =20 All interested applicants should send a cover letter and CV with three = references to: cdahlgren@cmrc.org with RA1 APPLICATION or RA2 APPLICATION in the = subject line. =20 Only electronic applications will be accepted. =20 =20 =20 ------=_NextPart_000_001A_01C18AD0.321CBF60 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Research Associate Position = Announcement
The Perry Institute for Marine Science/Caribbean = Marine=20 Research Center (PIMS/CMRC) is hiring 2 Research Associates. Both positions will be based, = full time,=20 at CMRC’s research station on Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas. Research Associate (RA) = responsibilities=20 include general scientific operations and administrative support, = including=20 general laboratory management and maintenance, coordinating and tracking = visiting research and education projects, report preparation, assisting = with=20 in-house research and education projects and other responsibilities = assigned by=20 the Director of Scientific Operations. =20 In addition, one position (RA1) will also have = responsibilities=20 related to several Marine Protected Area research projects being = conducted by=20 CMRC. The other position=20 (RA2) will have additional responsibilities related to = CMRC’s=20 environmental (atmospheric and oceanographic) monitoring program and = related=20 research and monitoring programs.

Minimum qualifications for RA positions = include:

M.S. degree in marine science or related field; = minimum of=20 three years research experience in marine science or related field; = knowledge=20 and experience with laboratory and field research and scientific support = operations; SCUBA diving experience with training in research diving = techniques=20 and ability to meet American Academy of Underwater Sciences diving=20 standards.

Candidates for the RA1 position should also = have=20 knowledge of marine fauna and flora of the Caribbean and experience with = reef=20 fish and/or fisheries research. =20 Experience with tagging and biotelemetry studies is = encouraged.

Candidates for the RA2 position should have = experience=20 with oceanographic and/or meteorological equipment. Research experience in coral = reef=20 ecology and/or physical oceanography is encouraged.

Candidates for both positions must also be willing = to=20 relocate to a remote field station. =20 PIMS/CMRC will provide housing and a competitive salary and = benefits=20 package.

The application deadline for both positions is = January 15,=20 2002, with an expected start date in February, 2002.

All interested applicants should send a cover = letter and CV=20 with three references to:

cdahlgren@cmrc.org=20 with RA1 APPLICATION or RA2 APPLICATION in the subject = line.

Only electronic applications will be accepted.

------=_NextPart_000_001A_01C18AD0.321CBF60-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOSKYT00.ME1 for ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 05:25:41 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOSL5B00.VH4; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 05:29:35 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id FAA23000; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 05:29:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAGNa46S; Sun, 23 Dec 01 05:29:34 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA04330 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 10:17:12 GMT Received: from alf.zfn.uni-bremen.de (alf.zfn.uni-bremen.de [134.102.20.22]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id FAA10400 for ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 05:17:02 -0500 (EST) From: kochzius@uni-bremen.de Received: from laborpc4.uni-bremen.de (server.zmt.uni-bremen.de [134.102.43.1]) by alf.zfn.uni-bremen.de (8.x.x/ 8.x.x ZfNServer 11/26/01) with ESMTP id fBNAEgk8068842 for ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 11:14:42 +0100 Message-Id: <5.0.0.25.0.20011223111106.01c2eeb0@pop.zfn.uni-bremen.de> X-Sender: kochzius@pop.zfn.uni-bremen.de X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Version 5.0 Date: Sun, 23 Dec 2001 11:16:52 +0100 To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Re: Groupers endangered? In-Reply-To: <20011222142012.15308.qmail@web10801.mail.yahoo.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hi Mel! You can check the red list at http://www.redlist.org Some more information about the status of groupers you find in: TI: The threatened status of groupers (Epinephelinae) AU: Morris, AV; Roberts, CM; Hawkins, JP SO: Biodiversity and Conservation [Biodivers. Conserv.], vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 919-942, Jul 2000 Best fishes Marc At 06:20 22.12.01 -0800, you wrote: > Season's greetings, fellow Listers. > I'm in a continuing discussion about declining fish >populations. Is there a website other than the >Monterey Bay Aquarium's listing, that includes >groupers, and Caribbean fish and invertibrates, such >as snapper, lobster, and conch? > Is any grouper on the Endagered list? > Thanks in advance. > Melissa Keyes > St. Croix > > >__________________________________________________ >Do You Yahoo!? >Send your FREE holiday greetings online! >http://greetings.yahoo.com >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> Marc Kochzius Zentrum fuer Marine Tropenoekologie (ZMT) Centre for Tropical Marine Ecology University of Bremen Fahrenheitstr. 6 28359 Bremen Germany Tel.:+49 +421 23800-57 (Office) please note new number! +49 +421 218-7679 (Lab) +49 +421 23800-21 (ZMT Secretary) Fax: +49 +421 23800-30 or -40 ZMT Webpage: www.zmt.uni-bremen.de Reef Webpage: www.oceanium.de <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOSSQ600.1CN for ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 08:13:18 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOSSWP00.4KQ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 08:17:13 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA28246; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 08:17:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAwlaak3; Sun, 23 Dec 01 08:17:12 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA12212 for coral-list-outgoing; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 13:08:40 GMT Received: from sarah.viaccess.net (IDENT:root@sarah1.viaccess.net [66.185.33.4]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA12220 for ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 08:08:29 -0500 (EST) Received: from curator (120-p0.TNT01.STT.viaccess.net [208.30.100.120]) by sarah.viaccess.net (8.11.2/8.11.12) with SMTP id fBND8MU19630 for ; Sun, 23 Dec 2001 09:08:22 -0400 (AST) From: "Donna Nemeth" To: Subject: RE: Groupers endangered? Date: Sun, 23 Dec 2001 09:15:24 -0500 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 In-Reply-To: <5.0.0.25.0.20011223111106.01c2eeb0@pop.zfn.uni-bremen.de> Importance: Normal Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 See Musick, J. A. et al., 2000. Marine, estuarine, and diadromous fish stocks at risk of extinction in North America (exclusive of salmonids). Fisheries, Vol. 25, no. 11, November 2000:6-30. They list about a dozen serranids at risk (no lutjanids), and despite the title it includes fish with geographic ranges into the Caribbean. Donna Nemeth, Ph.D. Curator Coral World 6450 Coki Point St. Thomas, USVI 00802 340-775-1555 x227 dnemeth@coralworldvi.com www.coralworldvi.com At 06:20 22.12.01 -0800, you wrote: > Season's greetings, fellow Listers. > I'm in a continuing discussion about declining fish >populations. Is there a website other than the >Monterey Bay Aquarium's listing, that includes >groupers, and Caribbean fish and invertibrates, such >as snapper, lobster, and conch? > Is any grouper on the Endagered list? > Thanks in advance. > Melissa Keyes > St. Croix > > >__________________________________________________ >Do You Yahoo!? >Send your FREE holiday greetings online! >http://greetings.yahoo.com >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> ><> Marc Kochzius Zentrum fuer Marine Tropenoekologie (ZMT) Centre for Tropical Marine Ecology University of Bremen Fahrenheitstr. 6 28359 Bremen Germany Tel.:+49 +421 23800-57 (Office) please note new number! +49 +421 218-7679 (Lab) +49 +421 23800-21 (ZMT Secretary) Fax: +49 +421 23800-30 or -40 ZMT Webpage: www.zmt.uni-bremen.de Reef Webpage: www.oceanium.de <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< <>< ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOUUCY00.VDX for ; Mon, 24 Dec 2001 10:43:46 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOUUJH00.KZ0; Mon, 24 Dec 2001 07:47:41 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id HAA12648; Mon, 24 Dec 2001 07:47:41 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAP_a4Sy; Mon, 24 Dec 01 07:47:40 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA14359 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 24 Dec 2001 15:30:54 GMT Received: from smtp2.coqui.net ([196.28.61.10]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA14284 for ; Mon, 24 Dec 2001 10:30:46 -0500 (EST) Received: from [196.42.62.67] (ppp-196-42-62-67.coqui.net [196.42.62.67]) by smtp2.coqui.net (8.12.1/8.12.1) with ESMTP id fBO7TprF012889; Mon, 24 Dec 2001 11:29:52 +0400 (GMT) User-Agent: Microsoft Outlook Express Macintosh Edition - 5.0 (1513) Date: Mon, 24 Dec 2001 11:34:38 -0400 Subject: Re: Groupers endangered? From: Kathy & Terry Hall To: mel keys , coral-list-daily Message-ID: In-Reply-To: <20011222142012.15308.qmail@web10801.mail.yahoo.com> Mime-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear Mel, You'll find a gold mine of information at the Caribbean Fishery Management Council website, under the heading "Regulations": http://www.caribbeanfmc.com/caribbean_regulations.htm There's info. on reef fish and pelagics, spiny lobster, queen conch, and corals. Kathy Hall La Liga Ecologica del Noroeste Puerto Rico > From: mel keys > Date: Sat, 22 Dec 2001 06:20:12 -0800 (PST) > To: coral-list-daily > Subject: Groupers endangered? > > Season's greetings, fellow Listers. > I'm in a continuing discussion about declining fish > populations. Is there a website other than the > Monterey Bay Aquarium's listing, that includes > groupers, and Caribbean fish and invertibrates, such > as snapper, lobster, and conch? > Is any grouper on the Endagered list? > Thanks in advance. > Melissa Keyes > St. Croix > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Send your FREE holiday greetings online! > http://greetings.yahoo.com > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOXTTG00.3IR for ; Wed, 26 Dec 2001 01:24:52 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GOXTZY00.BOW; Tue, 25 Dec 2001 22:28:46 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id WAA01969; Tue, 25 Dec 2001 22:28:46 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAPma41d; Tue, 25 Dec 01 22:28:45 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA17345 for coral-list-outgoing; Wed, 26 Dec 2001 06:16:25 GMT Received: from smtp-hub2.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp-hub2.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.76]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id BAA17297 for ; Wed, 26 Dec 2001 01:16:16 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net ([207.172.4.61]) by smtp-hub2.mrf.mail.rcn.net with esmtp (Exim 3.33 #10) id 16J7Ll-0000OW-00 for coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov; Wed, 26 Dec 2001 01:15:37 -0500 Received: from 207-172-83-98.s98.tnt1.wlm.va.dialup.rcn.com ([207.172.83.98] helo=vims.edu) by smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net with esmtp (Exim 3.33 #10) id 16J7Lj-0005a8-00; Wed, 26 Dec 2001 01:15:35 -0500 Message-ID: <3C296B24.954DEDAE@vims.edu> Date: Wed, 26 Dec 2001 01:16:04 -0500 From: Rom X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.77 [en]C-CCK-MCD NSCPCD477 (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: seagrass_forum@essun1.murdoch.edu.au, ecolog-l@listserv.umd.edu, fish-sci@segate.sunet.se, coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: PhD Fellowship Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by coral.aoml.noaa.gov id GAA17345 X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Ph.D. Fellowship in Blue Crab Ecology and Conservation School of Marine Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA The Willard A. Van Engel (WAVE) Fellowship was established to promote and attract individuals of outstanding ability to conduct research leading to an advanced degree in the School of Marine Science (SMS) of The College of William and Mary. A three-year fellowship leading to the Ph.D. degree is available beginning Fall semester, 2002, in support of doctoral research on the blue crab in Chesapeake Bay, with emphasis on these research areas: (1) analysis and modeling of environmental and biotic factors driving recruitment and population dynamics; (2) field and theoretical evaluation of a marine protected area for the full life cycle of the blue crab; and (3) field experiments and modeling of food web dynamics, with relevance to ecosystem-based management. The fellowship offers an annual stipend of $15,900, tuition costs, and travel funds for three years, dependent on adequate progress. Research funds are provided by the student=92s faculty advisor. The fellowship ma= y be initiated in Summer, 2002, to allow the conduct of research prior to fall classes. Candidates must be US citizens and accepted to the SMS. Application information for the SMS is available at http://www.vims.edu/sms/. TO APPLY: Candidates must be accepted to the School of Marine Science. Deadline for receipt of application to the School of Marine Science is 15 January 2002. Application materials may be obtained from: Office of Graduate Dean, School of Marine Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, P. O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 AND Send a letter requesting consideration for the WAVE Fellowship and a resume to: Eugene M. Burreson, President, WILLARD A. VAN ENGEL FELLOWSHIP, P. O. Box 1346, School of Marine Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 (804) 684-7108, FAX (804) 684-7614 Questions regarding administration of the WAVE fellowship should be directed to Dr. Eugene Burreson (gene@vims.edu), and those relating to research should be directed to Dr. Rom Lipcius (rom@vims.edu, http://www.vims.edu/fish/faculty/lipcius rn.html). -- Romuald N. Lipcius Professor of Marine Science Virginia Institute of Marine Science The College of William and Mary Gloucester Point, VA 23062 804-684-7330, 804-684-7734 (fax) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP09CL00.FGH for ; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 08:55:33 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP09J200.667; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 08:59:26 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id IAA24508; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 08:59:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAUEai3V; Thu, 27 Dec 01 08:59:25 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA20330 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 13:50:42 GMT Received: from post.tau.ac.il (post.tau.ac.il [132.66.16.11]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id IAA20314 for ; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 08:50:30 -0500 (EST) Received: from yehudab5 (sherman324-5.tau.ac.il [132.66.43.123]) by post.tau.ac.il (8.11.6/8.11.6) with SMTP id fBRDoLw04347 for ; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 15:50:21 +0200 (IST) Message-ID: <005001c18edd$6bf13110$7b2b4284@yehudab5> From: "Shimrit Perkol" To: Subject: Artificial reefs - applications as dive sites Date: Thu, 27 Dec 2001 15:50:19 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_004D_01C18EEE.2F6ABED0" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4522.1200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_004D_01C18EEE.2F6ABED0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1255" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Clear DayHello! I am a student in Tel-Aviv University, looking for any available = information on the application of artificial reefs as dive sites/marine = parks.Is there any information on artificial reefs designed purposely = for attracting divers, operating like an underwater marine park? I = would like to know if there is any information on the approximate number = of visitors (divers) to artificial reefs in general (including = shipwrecks, planned artificial reefs etc.), and in artificial reefs = planned for recreational activities in particular. Any information, = references, numbers, concerning such applications of artificial reefs = would be very helpful. Thank you! Shimrit Perkol Faculty of Life Science Department of Zoology Tel - Aviv University Ramat- Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel ------=_NextPart_000_004D_01C18EEE.2F6ABED0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="windows-1255" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Clear Day
Hello!

I am a student in Tel-Aviv = University, looking=20 for any available information on the application of artificial reefs as = dive=20 sites/marine parks.Is there any information on artificial reefs designed = purposely for attracting divers, operating like an underwater marine = park? =20 I would like to know if there is any information on the=20 approximate number of visitors (divers) to artificial reefs in = general=20 (including shipwrecks, planned artificial reefs etc.), and in artificial = reefs planned for recreational activities in particular. Any = information,=20 references, numbers, concerning such applications of artificial reefs = would be=20 very helpful.

Thank you!

Shimrit Perkol

Faculty of Life = Science
Department of=20 Zoology
Tel - Aviv University
Ramat- Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv,=20 Israel

------=_NextPart_000_004D_01C18EEE.2F6ABED0-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP335M00.7IA for ; Fri, 28 Dec 2001 21:34:34 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP33C300.C87; Fri, 28 Dec 2001 21:38:27 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id VAA04559; Fri, 28 Dec 2001 21:38:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAbLaW5i; Fri, 28 Dec 01 21:38:26 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA20574 for coral-list-outgoing; Sat, 29 Dec 2001 02:27:58 GMT Received: from smtp2.jaring.my (smtp2.jaring.my [61.6.32.52]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA28010; Fri, 28 Dec 2001 21:27:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from 01715330 (j50.jrc7.jaring.my [161.142.113.124]) by smtp2.jaring.my (8.11.4/8.11.4) with SMTP id fBT2R7j06793; Sat, 29 Dec 2001 10:27:29 +0800 (MYT) Message-ID: <003f01c19013$c46ada80$7c718ea1@01715330> Reply-To: "LWSze" From: "LWSze" To: , References: <200112171716.RAA10770@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Subject: RoxAnn accuracy test Date: Sat, 29 Dec 2001 10:49:35 +0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0036_01C19056.814D5280" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0036_01C19056.814D5280 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear all, Season greetings and Happy New Year. I am working on coral mapping using the RoxAnn hydroacoustic method. I am also testing how accurate RoxAnn's results are against traditional Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method and 50x10m in-situ hand-drawn quadrat plot. All 3 methods were performed on a same site. I use Surfer 7 and Adobe PhotoShop for image comparison (to calculate % of match substrate type using different sampling method). I first scanned the quadrat plot then superposed it on a 50 x 10 cm grid using Adobe PhotoShop and Illustrator. The image was then imported to Surfer 7, superposed with RoxAnn track (data points). However, it seems a great deal doing this. There were a lot of overlapping data points plotted on the RoxAnn track (in Surfer 7 file). When superposed with the hand-drawn quadrat plot, it seems very confusing trying to pin point the matching data points. Could someone out there please give me some suggestions? Would really appreciate that. I have yet to try out the LIT method against RoxAnn image. Best wishes, Wah Sze Lee Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia Sabah LB 2073 88999 KK SABAH MALAYSIA ------=_NextPart_000_0036_01C19056.814D5280 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Dear all,

Season greetings and Happy New Year. =

I am working on coral mapping using the RoxAnn = hydroacoustic=20 method. I am also testing how accurate RoxAnn's results are = against=20 traditional Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method and 50x10m in-situ = hand-drawn=20 quadrat plot. All 3 methods were performed on a same site. I = use=20 Surfer 7 and Adobe PhotoShop for image comparison (to calculate % of = match=20 substrate type using different sampling method). I first scanned = the=20 quadrat plot then superposed it on a 50 x 10 cm grid using Adobe = PhotoShop and=20 Illustrator. The image was then imported to Surfer 7, superposed = with=20 RoxAnn track (data points). However, it seems a great deal doing = this. =20 There were a lot of overlapping data points plotted on the RoxAnn track = (in=20 Surfer 7 file). When superposed with the hand-drawn quadrat plot, = it seems=20 very confusing trying to pin point the matching data points. =

Could=20 someone out there please give me some suggestions? Would really = appreciate=20 that.

I have yet to try out the LIT method against RoxAnn=20 image.

Best wishes,
Wah Sze Lee
Borneo Marine = Research=20 Institute
Universiti Malaysia Sabah
LB 2073
88999 KK = SABAH

MALAYSIA

------=_NextPart_000_0036_01C19056.814D5280-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP6NV700.6ME for ; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 19:54:43 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP6O1N00.EUY; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 16:58:35 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id QAA00482; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 16:58:35 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAZCai8a; Sun, 30 Dec 01 16:58:35 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA32199 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 00:49:49 GMT Received: from hnlfe1.hawaii.rr.com (hnlfe1.hawaii.rr.com [24.25.227.111]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id TAA32228 for ; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 19:49:38 -0500 (EST) Received: from KristineDavidsonoh ([204.210.118.194]) by hnlfe1.hawaii.rr.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.5.1877.537.53); Sun, 30 Dec 2001 14:50:58 -1000 Message-ID: <001501c19194$fb71a180$c276d2cc@hawaii.rr.com> From: "HCRI Research Program" To: Subject: Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Research Program RFP Date: Sun, 30 Dec 2001 14:49:19 -1000 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0012_01C19141.298A0F20" X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4133.2400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4133.2400 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0012_01C19141.298A0F20 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable =20 REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS The Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Research Program, University of Hawaii = is issuing a call for proposals for its FY02-03 project cycle. About = $800,000 is available for research and monitoring activities. Proposals = are due 4:00 p.m. HST on March 18th, 2002. =20 For a copy of the full RFP, go to www.hawaii.edu/ssri/hcri. Or, contact = Risa Minato (808/956-7479) (HCRI_RP@hawaii.edu).=20 =B7 Conduct a synoptic survey of MHI nearshore waters on alien = and invasive marine species. =B7 Assess impacts of alien and invasive marine species to MHI. =B7 Identify potential sources of alien and invasive marine = species in MHI. =B7 Determine pollutant tolerance for tropical, nearshore marine = species. =B7 Analyze stormwater & its impacts in MHI. =B7 Improve understanding of population structure & recruitment = of keystone reef organisms in MHI. =B7 Management-oriented monitoring and assessment for MHI. An informational meeting will be held 2:00 p.m. on Friday, January 18th, = 2002 at the Social Science Research Institute, Saunders Hall #704 = Conference Room. Optional letters of interest are due 4:00 p.m. HST on = January 31st, 2002 =20 * The University of Hawaii is an equal opportunity/affirmative action = employer. =20 ------=_NextPart_000_0012_01C19141.298A0F20 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS

The = Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Research Program, University of Hawaii is = issuing a=20 call for proposals for its FY02-03 project cycle. About $800,000 is available = for research=20 and monitoring activities. =20 Proposals are due 4:00 p.m. HST on March 18^th, = 2002.

For = a copy of the full RFP, go to www.hawaii.edu/ssri/hcri. Or, contact Risa Minato = (808/956-7479)=20 (HCRI_RP@hawaii.edu).

=B7       =20 Conduct a = synoptic survey=20 of MHI nearshore waters on alien and invasive marine species.

=B7       =20 Assess impacts = of alien=20 and invasive marine species to MHI.

=B7       =20 Identify = potential=20 sources of alien and invasive marine species in MHI.

=B7       =20 Determine = pollutant=20 tolerance for tropical, nearshore marine species.

=B7       =20 Analyze = stormwater &=20 its impacts in MHI.

=B7       =20 Improve = understanding of=20 population structure & recruitment of keystone reef organisms in=20 MHI.

=B7       =20 Management-oriented=20 monitoring and assessment for MHI.

An=20 informational meeting will be held 2:00 p.m. on Friday, January 18th, = 2002 at=20 the Social Science Research Institute, Saunders Hall #704 Conference = Room. Optional letters of interest = are due=20 4:00 p.m. HST on January 31^st, 2002

*=20 The University of Hawaii is an equal opportunity/affirmative action=20 employer.

------=_NextPart_000_0012_01C19141.298A0F20-- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP6PM600.DJ3 for ; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 20:32:30 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP6PSN00.6VN; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 17:36:23 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id RAA01663; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 17:36:22 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAR8aWpd; Sun, 30 Dec 01 17:36:22 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA32297 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 01:33:32 GMT Received: from imo-d02.mx.aol.com (imo-d02.mx.aol.com [205.188.157.34]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA32296 for ; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 20:33:24 -0500 (EST) From: Rockdoc13@aol.com Received: from Rockdoc13@aol.com by imo-d02.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31_r1.9.) id b.120.90afba5 (4572) for ; Sun, 30 Dec 2001 20:32:42 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <120.90afba5.29611a3a@aol.com> Date: Sun, 30 Dec 2001 20:32:42 EST Subject: Information on isotopes To: Coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: AOL 7.0 for Windows US sub 121 Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hi, I'm a graduate student looking for a reference. I'm afraid that I wasn't given much to go on. I'm looking for O18/O16 ratios in coral skeletons, and was told to look in Coral Reefs for a paper by Williams in 1998. Unfortunately I haven't been able to find it. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. Erin Huttig ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:35 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-west.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP85P200.DK7 for ; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 15:17:26 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-west-out.nems.noaa.gov [161.55.16.20]) by relay-west.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP85VJ00.J93; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 12:21:19 -0800 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id MAA11705; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 12:21:18 -0800 (PST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by scan-west.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAA3EaO2w; Mon, 31 Dec 01 12:21:18 -0800 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id UAA33959 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 20:16:00 GMT Received: from imo-m06.mx.aol.com (imo-m06.mx.aol.com [64.12.136.161]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id PAA34096 for ; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 15:15:52 -0500 (EST) From: Rockdoc13@aol.com Received: from Rockdoc13@aol.com by imo-m06.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v31_r1.9.) id b.195.87ed4d (15859) for ; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 15:15:11 -0500 (EST) Received: from web32.aolmail.aol.com (web32.aolmail.aol.com [205.188.222.8]) by air-id05.mx.aol.com (v82.22) with ESMTP id MAILINID510-1231151510; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 15:15:10 -0500 Date: Mon, 31 Dec 2001 15:15:10 EST Subject: Isotopes To: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Unknown (No Version) Message-ID: <195.87ed4d.2962214f@aol.com> Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Hi, I'm a graduate student looking for a particular reference. Sorry for the repeat, but I don't think I worded this right the first time. I'm afraid that I wasn't given much to go on. I'm looking on O18/O16 ratios (and other ratios as a specific location) in coral skeletons, and was told to look in Coral Reefs. Unfortunately I haven't been able to find it. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. Erin Huttig ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From - Mon Jan 07 11:21:36 2002 Return-Path: Received: from relay-east.nems.noaa.gov ([10.16.100.1]) by ms-nems.aoml.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP7U0W00.OM4 for ; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 11:05:20 -0500 Received: from nems.noaa.gov (scan-east.nems.noaa.gov [205.156.4.217]) by relay-east.nems.noaa.gov (Netscape Messaging Server 4.15) with ESMTP id GP7U7D00.N3K; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 11:09:13 -0500 Received: by nems.noaa.gov; id LAA16113; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 11:09:13 -0500 (EST) Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov(192.111.123.248) by gummo.nems.noaa.gov via csmap (V4.1) id srcAAAHPaGDF; Mon, 31 Dec 01 11:09:12 -0500 Received: (from majordom@localhost) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA33384 for coral-list-outgoing; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 16:02:08 GMT Received: from hotmail.com (f174.law11.hotmail.com [64.4.17.174]) by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA33378 for ; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 11:01:55 -0500 (EST) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 08:01:18 -0800 Received: from 136.145.142.54 by lw11fd.law11.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP; Mon, 31 Dec 2001 16:01:17 GMT X-Originating-IP: [136.145.142.54] From: "Juan Torres" To: coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: MAA's standards Date: Mon, 31 Dec 2001 16:01:17 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 31 Dec 2001 16:01:18.0100 (UTC) FILETIME=[61CE5D40:01C19214] Sender: owner-coral-list@coral.aoml.noaa.gov X-Mozilla-Status: 0000 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Dear coral-listers: Merry Chrstmas to you all from Puerto Rico! I am working on the effects of UV radiation on Acropora cervicornis and Porites furcata. So far, I have found around 8-9 different mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA's) in both species. Among them are: Mycosporine-glycine, Mycosporine-2glycine, palythinol, usujirene and palythene. Yet, I don't have any standards to prove these are really the compounds. I wonder if any of you have some or know of a way of acquiring them? Any information will be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Juan L. Torres University of PR, Dept. Marine Sciences PO Box 3210 Lajas, PR 00667 Ph: (787) 899-7773 Fax: (787) 899-2630 _________________________________________________________________ Send and receive Hotmail on your mobile device: http://mobile.msn.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.