[Federal Register: March 16, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 51)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 12267-12271]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr16mr04-3]
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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
Bureau of Customs and Border Protection
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
19 CFR Part 12
[CBP Dec. 04-08]
RIN 1505-AB50
Import Restrictions Imposed on Archaeological Material
Originating in Honduras
AGENCY: Customs and Border Protection, Homeland Security.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: This document amends the Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
Regulations to reflect the imposition of import restrictions on certain
archaeological material originating in the Republic of Honduras
(Honduras). These restrictions are being imposed pursuant to an
agreement between the United States and Honduras that has been entered
into under the authority of the Convention on Cultural Property
Implementation Act in accordance with the United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Convention on the Means
of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer
of Ownership of Cultural Property. The document amends the CBP
Regulations by adding Honduras to the list of countries for which an
agreement has been entered into for imposing import restrictions. The
document also contains the Designated List of Pre-Colombian
Archaeological Material from Honduras that describes the types of
articles to which the restrictions apply.
EFFECTIVE DATE: March 16, 2004.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: (Legal Aspects) Joseph Howard,
Intellectual Property Rights Branch (202) 572-8701; (Operational
Aspects) Michael Craig, Trade Compliance and Facilitation (202) 927-
0370.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
The value of cultural property, whether archaeological or
ethnological in nature, is immeasurable. Such items often constitute
the very essence of a society and convey important information
concerning a people's origin, history, and traditional setting. The
importance and popularity of such items regrettably make them targets
of theft, encourage clandestine looting of archaeological sites, and
result in their illegal export and import.
The United States shares in the international concern for the need
to protect endangered cultural property. The appearance in the United
States of stolen or illegally exported artifacts from other countries
where there has been pillage has, on occasion, strained our foreign and
cultural relations. This situation, combined with the concerns of
museum, archaeological, and scholarly communities, was recognized by
the President and Congress. It became apparent that it was in the
national interest for the United States to join with other countries to
control illegal trafficking of such articles in international commerce.
The United States joined international efforts and actively
participated in deliberations resulting in the 1970 UNESCO Convention
on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export
and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (823 U.N.T.S. 231
(1972)). U.S. acceptance of the 1970 UNESCO Convention was codified
into U.S. law as the ``Convention on Cultural Property Implementation
Act'' (Pub. L. 97-446, 19 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.) (``the Act''). This was
done to promote U.S. leadership in achieving greater international
cooperation towards preserving cultural treasures that are of
importance to the nations from where they originate and contribute to
greater international understanding of mankind's common heritage.
During the past several years, import restrictions have been
imposed on archaeological and ethnological
[[Page 12268]]
artifacts/materials of a number of signatory nations. These
restrictions have been imposed as a result of requests for protection
received from those nations, as well as pursuant to bilateral
agreements between the United States and other countries. More
information on import restrictions can be found on the International
Cultural Property Protection Web site (http://exchanges.state.gov/education/culprop
).
Import restrictions are now being imposed on certain archaeological
materials from the Republic of Honduras (Honduras).
Determinations
Under 19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(1), the United States must make certain
determinations before entering into an agreement to impose import
restrictions under 19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(2). On July 28, 2003, the
Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs made
the determinations required under the statute with respect to certain
archaeological materials originating in Honduras that are described in
the designated list set forth further below in this document, including
the following: (1) That the unique cultural patrimony of Honduras is in
jeopardy from the pillage of these archaeological materials; (2) that
Honduras has taken measures consistent with the Convention to protect
its cultural patrimony; (3) that import restrictions imposed by the
United States would be of substantial benefit in deterring a serious
situation of pillage and remedies less drastic are not available; and
(4) that the application of import restrictions is consistent with the
general interests of the international community in the interchange of
the designated archaeological materials among nations for scientific,
cultural, and educational purposes.
The Agreement
On March 12, 2004, the United States and Honduras entered into a
bilateral agreement (the Agreement) pursuant to the provisions of 19
U.S.C. 2602(a)(2) covering certain archaeological materials
representing its pre-Colombian cultural heritage. Dating from
approximately 1200 B.C. to approximately 1500 A.D., these materials
include, but are not limited to, objects of ceramic, metal, stone,
shell, and animal bone representing, among others, the Maya, Chorti
Maya, Lenca, Jicaque, and Pipil cultures.
Restrictions and Amendment to the Regulations
In accordance with the Agreement, import restrictions are now being
imposed on these archaeological materials from Honduras. Importation of
these materials, described in the designated list below, are subject to
the restrictions of 19 U.S.C. 2606 and Sec. 12.104g(a) of the Customs
and Border Protection (CBP) Regulations (19 CFR 12.104g(a)) and will be
restricted from entry into the United States unless the conditions set
forth in 19 U.S.C. 2606 and Sec. 12.104c of the regulations (19 CFR
12.104c) are met. CBP is amending Sec. 12.104g(a) of the CBP
Regulations (19 CFR 12.104g(a)) to indicate that these import
restrictions have been imposed.
Material Encompassed in Import Restrictions
The bilateral agreement between Honduras and the United States
covers the categories of artifacts described in a Designated List of
Pre-Colombian Archaeological Material from Honduras that is set forth
below. (Regarding parenthetical references to authors in the list
below, see bibliography immediately after the list.)
Designated List of Pre-Colombian Archaeological Material From Honduras
I. Ceramic
Materials made from ceramic (e.g., terracotta/fired clay) include a
full range of surface treatments and appendages on various shapes of
vessels, lids, figurines, and other ceramic objects (e.g., tools).
Decorative techniques used on these materials include, but are not
limited to, fluting, dentate-stamping, incised designs, modeled
sculpting, polishing/burning, differentially fired areas, and
polychrome, bichrome and/or monochrome designs of human and animal
figures, mythological scenes and/or geometric motifs. Vessels and
figurines may include sculpted and/or applique appendages, such as
handles, knobs, faces, fillets, and tripod, quadruped, or ring
supports.
Examples include, but are not limited to, polychromes (e.g.,
Copador, lxcanrio, Gualpopa, Ejar, Cancique and other Copan styles,
Ulu-Yojoa (e.g., Red, Maroon, Black, and Tenampua groups), Chichicaste,
Fiopo, Las Flores, Sulaco, Chameleon, Naco, and Bay Island), incised
and punctuated designs (e.g., Selin, Gualijoquito, and Escondido
groups), Usulutan styles, Mammiform vessels, monochromes (e.g., Cuymal,
Limon, Higuerito, Talgua), incense burners (Coner ceramics), Yaba-ding-
ding, Playa de los Muertos, Olmec style, and Formative period pottery.
Ceramics may also have post-fire pigment and/or stucco.
For reference, please consult the following: Chapters in Henderson
and Beaudry-Corbett 1993; Baudez 1983; Baudez and Bequelin 1973;
Beaudry 1984; Canby 1949, 1951; Fash 1991; Glass 1966; Gordon 1898;
Healy 1984; Henderson 1997; Henderson et al 1979; Hirth, Kennedy, and
Cliff 1989; Joyce 1985, 1987, 1991, 1993a, 1993b; Joyce and Henderson
2001; Longyear 1952; Robinson 1978; papers in Robinson 1987; Stone
1957, 1941; Strong 1935; Strong, Kidder, and Paul 1938; Urban and
Schortman 1988; Veil 1978, 1983, 1993; Willey 1988; Willey et al. 1994;
Wonderley 1987; Yde 1938.
A. Ceremonial Vessels
1. Cylinders
2. Bowls
3. Dishes and plates
4. Jars
B. Common Vessels
1. Cylindrical vessels
2. Bowls
3. Dishes and plates
4. Jars
C. Special Forms
1. Drums--polychrome painted and plain
2. Figurines--human and animal forms
3. Whistles--human and animal forms
4. Rattles--human and animal forms
5. Miniature vessels
6. Stamps and seals--engraved geometric designs, various sizes and
shapes
7. Effigy vessels--in human or animal form
8. Incense burners--elaborate painted, applied and modeled
decoration in form of human figures
9. Architectural elements
II. Stone/Stucco (marble, jade, obsidian, flint, alabaster/calcite,
limestone, slate, and other, including stucco materials)
The range of stone materials includes, but is not limited to,
sculpture, vessels, figurines, masks, jewelry, stelae, tools, and
weapons.
For reference, please consult the following: Baudez 1983, 1994;
Digby 1972; Doonan 1996; Garber et al. 1993; Gordon 1898, 1920, 1921;
Hirth 1988; Hirth and Hirth 1993; Joyce and Henderson 2001; Henderson
1992, 1997; Luke 2002; Luke et al. 2003; Stone 1938, 1941, 1957, 1972,
1977; Strong, Kidder and Paul 1938.
A. Figurines--human and animal
B. Masks--incised decoration and inlaid with shell, human and animal
faces
C. Jewelry--various shapes and sizes
1. Pendants
2. Ear spools
3. Necklaces
4. Pectoral
D. Stelae, Ritual Objects, Architectural Elements, Petroglyphs--Carved
in low relief with scenes of war, ritual,
[[Page 12269]]
or political events, portraits of rulers or nobles, often inscribed
with glyphic texts. Sometimes covered with stucco and painted. The size
of stelae and architectural elements, such as lintels, posts, steps,
and decorative building blocks, range from .5 meters to 2.5 meters in
height; hachas, yokes, and other carved ritual objects are under 1
meter in length or height but vary in size.
E. Tools and Weapons
1. Arrowheads
2. Axes, adzes, celts
3. Blades
4. Chisels
5. Spearpoints
6. Eccentric shapes
7. Grinding stones (manos and metates)
8. Maceheads
F. Vessels and Containers
1. Bowls
2. Plates/Dishes
3. Vases
III. Metal (gold, silver, or other)
These objects are cast or beaten into the desired form, decorated
with engraving, inlay, punctured design, or attachments. Often in human
or stylized animal forms (for examples, consult: Healy 1984; Stone
1941, 1957, 1972, 1977).
A. Jewelry.--various shapes and sizes
1. Necklaces
2. Bracelets
3. Disks
4. Ear spools
5. Pendants
6. Pectorals
B. Figurines
C. Masks
D. Disks
E. Axes
F. Bells
IV. Shell
These objects are worked and un-worked and include, but are not
limited to, conch, snail, spiny oyster, sting-ray, and sea urchin
spines. Shell may be decorated with cinnabar and incised lines,
sometimes with inlaid jade (for examples, consult: Baudez 1983; Fash
1991).
A. Figurines--human and animal
B. Jewelry--various shapes and sizes
1. Necklaces
2. Bracelets
3. Disks
4. Ear spools
5. Pendants
C. Natural Forms--often with incised designs, various shapes and sizes
V. Bone
These objects are carved or incised with geometric and animal
designs and glyphs (for examples, consult: Baudez 1983; Coggins 1988;
Fash 1991).
A. Tools--various sizes
1. Needles
2. Scrapers
B. Jewelry--various shapes and sizes
1. Pendants
2. Beads
3. Ear spools
Bibliography
Baudez, Claude F. (ed) 1983 Introducc[iacute]on a la
Arqueolog[iacute]a de Copan, 3 volumes. Secretaria de Estado en el
Despacho de Cultura y Turismo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
1994 Maya Sculpture of Copan: The Iconography. University of
Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK.
Baudez, Claude F. and Pierre Becquelin 1973 Arch[eacute]ologie de
los Naranjos, Honduras. Etudes M[eacute]soam[eacute]ricaines 2.
Mission Arch[eacute]ologique et Ethnologique Francaise au Mexique,
Mexico City, Mexico.
Beaudry, Marilyn P. 1984 Ceramic Production and Distribution in the
Southeastern Maya Periphery: Late Classic Painted Serving Vessels.
BAR International Series 203. British Archaeological Reports,
Oxford, UK.
Canby, Joel S. 1951 Possible Chronological Implications of the Long
Ceramic Sequence Recovered at Yarumela, Spanish Honduras. In
Proceedings of the Twentyninth International Congress of
Americanists, vol. 1, pp. 79-85. University of Chicago Press,
Chicago, IL.
1949 Excavations at Yarumela, Spanish Honduras. Doctoral
dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University,
Cambridge, MA.
Coggins, Clemency 1988 On the Historical Significance of Decorated
Ceramics at Cop[aacute]n and Quirigu[aacute] and Related Classic
Maya Sites. In Southeast Classic Maya Zone, E. H. Boone and G. R.
Willey (eds.), pp. 95-123. Smithsonian Institution Press,
Washington, DC.
Digby, Adrian 1972 Maya Jades. British Museum, London, UK.
Doonan, William F. 1996 The Artifacts of Group 10L2, Cop[aacute]n,
Honduras: Variation in Material Culture and Behavior in a Royal
Residential Compound. Doctoral dissertation, Department of
Anthropology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.
Fash, William L., Jr. 1991 Scribes, Warriors and Kings: The City of
Cop[aacute]n and the Ancient Maya. Thames and Hudson, London, UK.
Glass, John B. 1966 Archaeological Survey of Western Honduras. In
Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 4, Robert Wauchope, Gordon
F. Ekholm, and Gordon R. Willey (eds.), pp. 157-79. University of
Texas Press, Austin, TX.
Garber, James F., David C. Grove, Kenneth G. Hirth, and John W.
Hoopes 1993 Jade Use in Portions of Mexico and Central America. In
Precolumbian Jade, F. Lange (ed.), pp. 211-31. University of Utah
Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
Gordon, G. B. 1921 The Ul[uacute]a Marble Vases. The Museum Journal
12:53-74.
1920 A Marble Vase from the Ul[uacute]a River, Honduras. Art and
Archaeology 9: 141-45.
1898 Researches in the Uloa Valley, Honduras. Peabody Museum Memoirs
1(4). Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Healy, Paul 1984 The Archaeology of Honduras. In The Archaeology of
Lower Central America, F. W. Lange and D. Z. Stone (eds.), pp. 113-
64. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, NM.
Henderson, John S. 1997 World of the Ancient Maya, 2nd ed. Cornell
University Press, Ithaca, NY.
1992 Elites and Ethnicity along the Southeastern Fringe of
Mesoamerica. In Mesoamerican Elites: An Archaeological Assessment,
D. Z. Chase and A. F. Chase (eds.), pp. 155-68. University of
Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK.
Henderson, John S. and Marilyn Beaudry Corbett (eds.) 1993 Pottery
of Prehistoric Honduras. Institute of Archaeology, Monograph 35.
University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
Henderson, John S., Irene Sterns, Anthony Wonderley, and Patricia A.
Urban 1979 Archaeological Investigations in the Valle de Naco,
Northwestern Honduras: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Field
Archaeology 6: 169-92.
Hirth, K., N. Kennedy, and Cliff 1989 Chronology and Ceramic
Variability within the El Caj[oacute]n Region. In Archaeological
Research in the el Caj[oacute]n Region. Vol. 1: Prehistoric Cultural
Ecology, K. Hirth, G. Lara Pinto, and G. Haseman (eds.). Memoirs in
Latin American Archaeology 1. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
PA.
1988 The Central Honduras Corridor. In The Southeast Classic Maya
Zone, E. H. Boone and G. R. Willey (eds.), pp. 297-334. Dumbarton
Oaks, Washington, DC.
Hirth, Kenneth G. and Susan Grant Hirth 1993 Ancient Currency: The
Style and Use of Jade and Marble Carvings in Central Honduras. In
Precolumbian Jade, F. W. Lange (ed.), pp. 173-90. University of Utah
Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
Joyce, Rosemary A. 1993a Appendix A: A Key to Ul[uacute]a
Polychromes. In Pottery of Prehistoric Honduras, John S. Henderson
and Marilyn Beaudry Corbett (eds.), pp. 257-79. Institute of
Archaeology University of California, Los Angeles, Monograph 35.
1993b The Construction of the Mesoamerican Frontier and the Mayoid
Image of Honduran Polychromes. In Reinterpreting Prehistory of
Central America, Mark Miller Graham (ed.), pp. 51-101. University
Press of Colorado, Niwot, CO.
1991 Cerro Palenque: Power and Identity on the Maya Periphery.
University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
1987 Intraregional Ceramic Variation and Social Class: Developmental
Trajectories of Classic Period Ceramic Complexes from the Ulua
Valley. In Interaction on the Southeast Mesoamerican Frontier:
Prehistoric and Historic Honduras and El Salvador. Eugenia J.
Robinson (ed.) BAR International Series 327 (ii): 280-
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303. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, UK.
1985 Cerro Palenque, Valle de Ulua Honduras: Terminal Classic
Interaction on the Mesoamerican Periphery. Doctoral dissertation,
Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.
Joyce, Rosemary A. and John S. Henderson 2001 Beginnings of Village
Life in Eastern Mesoamerica. Latin American Antiquity 12 (1): 523.
Longyear, John M., III 1952 Copan Ceramics: A Study of Southeastern
Maya Pottery. Publication No. 597. Carnegie Institution of
Washington, Washington, DC.
Luke, Christina 2002 Ulua Marble Vases. Doctoral dissertation,
Department of Anthropology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Luke, Christina, Rosemary A. Joyce, John S. Henderson and Robert H.
Tykot 2003 Marble Carving Traditions in Honduras: Formative through
Terminal Classic. In ASMOSIA 6, Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient
Stone--Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the
Association for the Study of Marble and Other Stones in Antiquity,
Venice, June 15-18, 2000, L. Lazzarini (ed.), pp. 485-96. Bottega
d'Erasmo, Padova, Italy.
Robinson, Eugenia J. 1987 (ed.) Interaction on the Southeast
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Salvador. BAR International Series 327. British Archaeological
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1978 Maya Design Features of Mayoid Vessels of the Ulua Yojoa
Polchromes. MA, thesis, Department of Anthropology, Tulane
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Stone, Doris Z. 1977 Pre-Columbian Man in Costa Rica. Peabody Museum
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1972 Pre-Columbian Man Finds Central America. Peabody Museum Press,
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
1957 The Archaeology of Central and Southern Honduras. Papers of the
Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 29 (3). Harvard
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1941 Archaeology of the North Coast of Honduras. Peabody Museum
Memoirs 9(l). Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
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1. Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.
Strong, Duncan. 1935 Archaeological Investigations in the Bay
Islands, Spanish Honduras. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection,
Vol. 92, No. 14. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
Strong, William Duncan, Alfred Kidder III, and A.J. Drexel Paul 1938
Preliminary Report on the Smithsonian Institution Harvard University
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Miscellaneous Collections Vol. 97, No. 1. Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, DC.
Urban, Patricia A. and Edward M. Schortman 1988 The Southeast Zone
Viewed from the East: Lower MotaguaNaco Valleys. In The Southeast
Classic Maya Zone, Elizabeth H. Boone and Gordon R. Willey (eds),
pp. 223-68. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Viel, Rene 1993 Evolucion de la ceramica de Copan, Honduras.
Instituto Hondureno de Antropologia e Historia, Tegucigalpa,
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1983 Evolucion de la ceramica e Copan: Resultados preliminaries. In
Introduccion a la Arqueologia de Copan, Honduras, Vol. I, Claude
Baudez (ed.), pp. 473-549. SECTUR, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
1978 Etude de la c[eacute]ramique Ulua Yojoa Polychrome (NordQuest
de Honduras): Essai d' analyse stylistique du Babilonia. Doctoral
dissertation, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris, France.
Willey, G. 1988 The Southeast Classic Maya Zone: A Summary. In The
Southeast Classic Maya Zone, E.H. Boone and G.R. Willey (eds.), pp.
395-408. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.
Willey, G., R.M. Levanthal, A. Demarest, and W.L. Fash, Jr. 1994
Ceramics and Artifacts from Excavations in the Copan Residential
Zone. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology,
Vol. 80. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Wonderley, Anthony 1987 Imagery in Household Pottery from ``La Gran
Provincia de Naco''. In Interaction on the Southeast Mesoamerican
Frontier: Prehistoric and Historic Honduras and El Salvador, Eugenia
J. Robinson (ed.). BAR International Series 327 (ii):304-326.
British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, UK.
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Honduras: A report of the Work of the Tulane University Danish
National Museum Expedition to Central America 1935. Levin and
Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark.
CBP Decision 03-24: Delegations of Authority
This amendment to the regulations is being issued in accordance
with Sec. 0.1(a)(1) of the CBP Regulations (19 CFR 0.1(a)(1)) as a
regulation the subject of which the Secretary of the Treasury has
retained the sole authority to approve. Accordingly, the document is
signed by the Commissioner of Customs and Border Protection as the
delegate of the Department of Homeland Security and the Deputy
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury as the delegate of the Secretary of
the Treasury to indicate approval. (see CBP Dec. 03-24; 68 FR 51868).
Inapplicability of Notice and Delayed Effective Date
Because the amendment to the CBP Regulations contained in this
document imposing import restrictions on the above-listed cultural
property of Honduras is being made in response to a bilateral agreement
entered into in furtherance of the foreign affairs interests of the
United States, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(a)(1), no notice of proposed
rulemaking or public procedure is necessary. For the same reason, a
delayed effective date is not required pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3).
Regulatory Flexibility Act
Because no notice of proposed rulemaking is required, the
provisions of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) do
not apply. Accordingly, this final rule is not subject to the
regulatory analysis or other requirements of 5 U.S.C. 603 and 604.
Executive Order 12866
This amendment does not meet the criteria of a ``significant
regulatory action'' as described in E.O. 12866.
Drafting Information
The principal author of this document was Bill Conrad, Regulations
Branch, Office of Regulations and Rulings, U.S. Customs and Border
Protection. However, personnel from other offices participated in its
development.
List of Subjects in 19 CFR Part 12
Customs duties and inspections, Imports, Cultural property.
Amendment to the Regulations
0
Accordingly, part 12 of the Customs Regulations (19 CFR part 12) is
amended as set forth below:
PART 12--SPECIAL CLASSES OF MERCHANDISE
0
1. The general authority and specific authority citations for part 12,
in part, continue to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301, 19 U.S.C. 66, 1202 (General Note 23,
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS)), 1624;
* * * * *
Sections 12.104 through 12.104i also issued under 19 U.S.C.
2612;
* * * * *
0
2. In Sec. 12.104g, paragraph (a), containing the list of agreements
imposing import restrictions on described articles of cultural property
of State Parties, is amended by adding Honduras to the list in
appropriate alphabetical order as follows:
Sec. 12.104(g) Specific items or categories designated by agreements
or emergency actions.
(a) * * *
[[Page 12271]]
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State party Cultural property Decision No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Honduras................ Archaeological CBP Dec. 04--08.
Material of Pre-
Colombian cultures
ranging
approximately from
1200 B.C. to 1500
A.D.
* * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
Robert C. Bonner,
Commissioner, Customs and Border Protection.
Approved: March 12, 2004.
Timothy E. Skud,
Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury.
[FR Doc. 04-6017 Filed 3-12-04; 2:31 pm]
BILLING CODE 4820-02-M