APRIL, 1930 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW 173
until April 2. On the 4t,h it progressed rapidly toward the Kuril Islands, on the way causing fresh to strong
gales east of Yezo, and was central somewhere south of
Kamchatka on the 5th. The only other known typhoon of the month WRS a
small but violent storm which crossed the Philippines on
the 18th-19th. The Bureau has no vessel weather
report of this disturbanc.e, but its history is given in the subjoined art'icle by the Rev. Jose Coronas, S. J.,
of the Philippine Weather Bureau.
A weak depression, whic,h seems to have formed south of Japan about t'he 8tsh, moved northeastward and had
gained some considerable energy by ths' 10th. On this
date, in about 38' N., 157' E., the British t,anker Ta,- maha encountered the cyclone as a whole gale. Violent winds, up to f0rc.e 11, vi-ere esperienced unt8il the morn-
ing of the 11th) when the storni abated. The Tamaha's lowest baromet.er was 29.05 inches. Except in connection with t,he fluctuating disturbances peculiar to the Aleutian region, there seem to have been
no other cyclones of imp0rtanc.e west of the one hundred and eightieth meridian. Gales, however, were more
frequent along the northern routes west of t,his meridian
than east of it. From Japan eastward to about 160' E. most gales occurred during t,he first decade of the month,
with a scattering few in the third. Between 160' E. and 180' the great majority were a product of the second
decade. I n west longitudes no gales of force exceeding 10 have
as yet re orted. The early disturbance in t,he Gulf of
north of the fortieth parallel on the 1st to 4th) t8he worst
evidently occurring on the 4th) when a whole gale WRS
encountered near 45' N., 140' W. On this date also
Tatoosh Island, then on the extreme eastern edge of the
huge cyclone, had R maximum wind velocity of 58 miles an hour (force 10) from the south.
On the 10th a depression formed in about 20' N., 132'
W. and began working northward across the California-
Hawaiian routes. By night of the 12t,h it lay off the coast between northern California and British Columbia, and
by morning of the 15th had practically disappeared from
the ocean area. It caused some squally weather and
moderate gales during it,s northward passage, with a maximum wind force of 9 from the south-southeast on the 13t8h, near 34' N., 146' W. About the 14th a moderate cyclone developed in middle
latitudes, central near longitude 155' W. It moved rather slowly eastward and northward, spreading con-
siderably in area for several days. By the 23d it lay
principally over the Gulf of Alaska, where it remained as
an individual disturbance until the 28t,h, when it became
amalgamated with the intense cyclone then central over
the eastern waters of the Bering Sea. During its course
it acquired only moderate wind and barometric intensity, although fresh to strong gales were esperienc,ed in scat-
tered positions between 30' and 50' N., 130' and 160'
W., from the 15th to the 21st.
Few winds of gale force were reported from or near the Tropics. These few include moderate to strong anti-
Alaska, a f ready referred to, created some rough weather
cyclonic gales southwest and south of Midway Island on
the 1st and 2d, and northers of force 7-8 over and near
the Gulf of Tehuantepec on the 6th and 12th. At Salina Cruz Tehuantepecers exceeding 45 miles an hour (force 8
and upward) were reported as follows: 7th) 60 miles; 8th)
60; 12th, 48. The prevailing wind direction a t Honolulu was from
the east, and the niasimum velocity was at the rate of 27 ndes an hour from the east on the 12th.
Fog generally was more frequent along the upper
steamship routes west of longitude 150' W., and along
the coast of the United States, than in March. It was reported on 5 to 7 days in the various 5' squares in upper
middle longitudes south of the Aleutian Islands; on 7
days between the fortieth parallel and the K i d Islands;
on 6 to 8 days off the California coast; on 4 to 5 days off
the Washington and Oregon coasts; and on 3 days near shore at the niout8h of the Gulf of California. Else-
where, nort,h of the thirtieth parallel) scattered fog
occurred variously on from 1 to 4 days.
TYPHOONS AND DEPRESSIONS
THE FIRST TYPHOON OVER THE PHILIPPINES IN 1930:
APRIL 18 TO 19
By Rev. Josk CORONAS, S. J.
[Weather Bureau, Manila, P. I.]
The first typhoon that visited the Philippines this year WRS rat,her of a very small diameter, but very int.ense while traversing the Visayan Islands. The
origin of t'his small typhoon is not clear up to this time.
Its center WRS situated at 6 a. In. of the 18th about 60
or 70 mile,s to t'he northeast of Surigao moving west by
north. At about noon of the same day it passed very
near to the sout,h of Guiua.n, southern coast of Samar,
where the barometric minimum 747.50 millimeters (29.43
inc,hes) WRS recorde,d at 12.30 p. m. The,n it passed at
6.40 p. m. close to the north of Ormoc, northern part of
Leyte, causing t,he barometer to fall to 740.91 millimeters
(29.17 inches). During the2norning and first hours of the afternoon of April 19 it crossed the northern part of
Panay Island mar t,he northern coast, and south of
Capiz, where the barometric minimum 748.35 millimeters
(29.46 inches) mas observed at 10 a. in. ; the small typhoon
was still intense and c.ontinued moving to west by north.
From Panay the typhoon took a west-northwest direction,
and probably filled up soon over the China Sea about
250 miles to the west of northern Mindoro. The area of destruction of this typhoon was small, but
in this area the damage caused by winds of a gale or
hurricane force and by heavy rains was very considerable. The approximate position of the center a t 6 a. m. and
2 p. m. of April 18, 19, and 20 was as follows:
4pril 15, 6 a. m _______ 126' 15' longitude E., 10' 40' latitude N. 2 p. m _______ 125' 10' longitude E., 10' 55' 1at.itude N. April 19, 6 a. m _______ 122' 50' longitude E., 11' 15' lat,itude N. 2 p. m _______ 121' 50' longitude E., 11' 35' latitude N. April 20, 6 a. m _______ 118' 40' longitude E., 12O 55' latitude N. 2 p. m _______ 116' 20' longitude E., 13' 40' latitude N.