TIGER/Line(TM) Files, 1992 Appendix E Census Feature Class Codes (CFCC) Definition A CFCC is used to identify the most noticeable characteristic of a feature. The CFCC is applied only once to a chain or landmark with preference given to classifications that cover features that are visible to an observer and are part of the ground transportation network. Thus a road that is also the boundary of a town would have a CFCC describing its road characteristics not its boundary characteristics. The CFCC, as used in the TIGER/Line(TM) files, is a three-character code; the first character is a letter describing the feature class; the second character is a number describing the major category; and the third character is a number describing the minor category. Feature Classes Feature Class A, Road Definitions Applicable to Road The definition of a divided highway has been the source of considerable discussion. Earlier specifications have defined a "divided" road as having "... opposing traffic lanes that are physically separated by a median strip no less than 70 feet wide in former GBF/DIME areas or no less than 200 feet wide in non- GBF/DIME areas." This definition caused confusion in the proper coding of interstates having narrow medians. To clarify the situation, the Census Bureau now uses the term "divided" to refer to a road with opposing traffic lanes separated by any size median, and "separated" to refer to lanes that are represented in the Census TIGER data base as two distinct complete chains. Earlier operations may have depicted widely separated lanes as a single line in the data base or created separate lines when the median was small, depending on the available source used during the update. The term "rail line in center" indicates that a rail line shares the road right-of-way. The rail line may follow the center of the road or be directly next to the road, representation is dependent upon the available source used during the update. The rail line can represent a railroad, a street car line, or other carline. Road With Major Category Unknown: Source materials do not allow determination of the major road category. These codes should not, under most circumstances, be used since the source materials usually provide enough information to determine the major category. CFCC Description A00 Road, major and minor categories unknown A01 Road, unseparated A02 Road, unseparated, in tunnel A03 Road, unseparated, underpassing A04 Road, unseparated, with rail line in center A05 Road, separated A06 Road, separated, in tunnel A07 Road, separated, underpassing A08 Road, separated, with rail line in center Primary Highway with Limited Access: This road is distinguished by the presence of interchanges, access to the highway is by way of ramps, and there are multiple lanes of traffic. A road in this category has the opposing traffic lanes "divided" by a median strip. Interstate highways and some toll highways are in this major category. The TIGER/Line(TM) files may depict the opposing lanes of a road in this category as two distinct lines; in this case the road is called "separated." CFCC Description A10 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A11 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated A12 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated, in tunnel A13 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated, underpassing A14 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated, with rail line in center A15 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated A16 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated, in tunnel A17 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated, underpassing A18 Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated, with rail line in center Primary Road without Limited Access: A road in this major category must be hard surface, that is, concrete or asphalt, and may be divided or undivided and have multi-lane or single lane characteristics. This road has intersections with other roads, usually controlled with traffic lights. This major category includes nationally and regionally important highways that do not have limited access as required by major category A1. Thus, major category A2 includes most U.S. and State highways and some county highways that connect cities and larger towns. CFCC Description A20 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highway, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A21 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, unseparated A22 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, unseparated, in tunnel A23 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, unseparated, underpassing A24 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, unseparated, with rail line in center A25 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, separated A26 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, separated, in tunnel A27 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, separated, underpassing A28 Primary road without limited access, U.S. and State highways, separated, with rail line in center Secondary and Connecting Road: A road in this major category must be hard surface, that is, concrete or asphalt, usually undivided with single lane characteristics. This road has intersections with other roads, controlled with traffic lights and stop signs. This major category includes State and county highways that connect smaller towns, subdivisions, and neighborhoods, thus the road is smaller than a road in major category A2. This road, usually with a local name along with a route number, intersects with many other roads and driveways. CFCC Description A30 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A31 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, unseparated A32 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, unseparated, in tunnel A33 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, unseparated, underpassing A34 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, unseparated, with rail line in center A35 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, separated A36 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, separated, in tunnel A37 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highways, separated, underpassing A38 Secondary and connecting road, State and county highway, separated, with rail line in center Local, Neighborhood, and Rural Road: A road in this major category is used for local traffic, usually with a single lane of traffic in each direction. In an urban area, this is a neighborhood road and street that is not a thoroughfare belonging in categories A2 or A3. In a rural area, this is a short distance road connecting the smallest towns; the road may or may not have a State or county route number. In addition, this major category includes scenic park roads, unimproved or unpaved roads, and industrial roads. Most roads in the Nation are classified in this major category. CFCC Description A40 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A41 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated A42 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated, in tunnel A43 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated, underpassing A44 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated, with rail line in center A45 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated A46 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated, in tunnel A47 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated, underpassing A48 Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated, with rail line in center Vehicular Trail: A road in this major category is usable only by four-wheel drive vehicles and is usually a one lane, dirt trail. The road is found almost exclusively in a very rural area, sometimes the road is called a fire road or logging road and may include an abandoned railroad grade where the tracks have been removed. Minor, unpaved roads usable by ordinary cars and trucks belong in major category A4. CFCC Description A50 Vehicular trail, road passable only by four-wheel drive (4WD) vehicle, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A51 Vehicular trail, road passable only by 4WD vehicle, unseparated A52 Vehicular trail, road passable only by 4WD vehicle, unseparated, in tunnel A53 Vehicular trail, road passable only by 4WD vehicle, unseparated, underpassing Road with Special Characteristics: A road, portion of a road, intersection of a road, or the ends of a road that are parts of the vehicular highway system that have separately identifiable characteristics. CFCC Description A60 Road with characteristic unspecified, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A61 Cul-de-sac, the closed end of a road that forms a loop or turn around (the node symbol that appears on some census maps is not included in the TIGER/Line(TM) files) A62 Traffic circle, the portion of a road or intersection of roads that form a roundabout (the node symbol that appears on some census maps is not included in the TIGER/Line(TM) files) A63 Access ramp, the portion of a road that forms a cloverleaf or limited access interchange (the node symbol that appears on some census maps is not included in the TIGER/Line(TM) files) A64 Service drive, the road or portion of a road that provides access to businesses, facilities, and rest areas along a limited access highway, this frontage road may intersect other roads and be named A65 Ferry crossing, the portion of a road over water that consists of ships, carrying automobiles, connecting roads on opposite shores Road as Other Thoroughfare: A road that is not part of the vehicular highway system. This road is used by bicyclists or pedestrians and is typically inaccessible to mainstream motor traffic except by service vehicles. A stair and walkway may follow a road right-of-way and be named as if it were a road. This major category includes foot and hiking trails located on park and forest land. CFCC Description A70 Other thoroughfare, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined A71 Walkway, nearly level road for pedestrians, usually unnamed A72 Stairway, stepped road for pedestrians, usually unnamed A73 Alley, road for service vehicles, usually unnamed, located at the rear of buildings and property Feature Class B, Railroad Railroad With Major Category Unknown: Source materials do not allow determination of the major railroad category. These codes should not, under most circumstances, be used since the source materials usually provide enough information to determine the major category. CFCC Description B00 Railroad, major and minor categories unknown B01 Railroad track, not in tunnel or underpassing, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined B02 Railroad track, in tunnel B03 Railroad track, underpassing Railroad Main Line: A railroad in this major category is the primary track that provides service between destinations. A main line track often carries the name of the owning and operating railroad company. CFCC Description B10 Railroad main track, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined B11 Railroad main track, not in tunnel or underpassing B12 Railroad main track, in tunnel B13 Railroad main track, underpassing Railroad Spur: A railroad in this major category is the track that leaves the main track, ending in an industrial park, factory, or warehouse area or forming a siding along the main track. CFCC Description B20 Railroad spur track, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined B21 Railroad spur track, not in tunnel or underpassing B22 Railroad spur track, in tunnel B23 Railroad spur track, underpassing Railroad Yard: A railroad yard track has parallel tracks that form a working area for the railroad company. Train cars and engines are repaired, switched, and dispatched from a yard. CFCC Description B30 Railroad yard track, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined B31 Railroad yard track, not in tunnel or underpassing B32 Railroad yard track, in tunnel B33 Railroad yard track, underpassing Railroad with Special Characteristics: A railroad or portions of a railroad track that are parts of the railroad system and have separately identifiable characteristics. CFCC Description B40 Railroad ferry crossing, the portion of a railroad over water that consists of ships, carrying train cars to connecting railroads on opposite shores. These are primarily located on the Great Lakes. Railroad as Other Thoroughfare: A railroad that is not part of the railroad system. This major category is for a specialized rail line or railway that is typically inaccessible to mainstream railroad traffic. CFCC Description B50 Other rail line, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined B51 Carline, a track for street cars, trolleys, and other mass transit rail systems, used when the carline is not part of the road right-of-way B52 Cog railroad, incline railway, or logging tram Feature Class C, Miscellaneous Ground Transportation Miscellaneous Ground Transportation With Category Unknown: Source materials do not allow determination of the miscellaneous ground transportation category. This code should not, under most circumstances, be used since the source materials usually provide enough information to determine the major category. CFCC Description C00 Miscellaneous ground transportation, not road or railroad, major and minor categories unknown Pipeline: Enclosed pipe, carrying fluid or slurry, situated above ground or, in special conditions, below ground when marked by a cleared right-of-way and signage. CFCC Description C10 Pipeline, major category used alone Power Transmission Line: High voltage electrical line, on towers, situated on cleared right-of-way. CFCC Description C20 Power transmission line, major category used alone Miscellaneous Ground Transportation with Special Characteristics: A portion of a ground transportation system that has separately identifiable characteristics. This major category is for specialized transportation, usually confined to a local area, that is separate from other ground transportation. CFCC Description C30 Other ground transportation that is not a pipeline or a power transmission line. The major category is used alone when the minor category could not be determined. C31 Aerial tramway, monorail, or ski lift Feature Class D, Landmark Definition Applicable to Landmark Landmark is the general name given to a cartographic or locational landmark, a land use area, and a key geographic location. A cartographic landmark is identified for use by an enumerator while working in the field. A land use area is identified in order to minimize enumeration efforts from where people are restricted or nonexistent. A key geographic location is identified in order to more accurately geocode and enumerate a place of work or place of residence. TIGER/Line(TM) files contain only cartographic landmarks or land use areas, if identified within the county area, but not key geographic locations. Landmark With Category Unknown: Source materials do not allow determination of the landmark category. This code should not, under most circumstances, be used since the source materials usually provide enough information to determine the major category. CFCC Description D00 Landmark, major and minor categories unknown Military Installation: Base, yard, or depot used by any of the armed forces or the Coast Guard CFCC Description D10 Military installation or reservation, major category used alone Multihousehold or Transient Quarters: CFCC Description D20 Multihousehold or transient quarters, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D21 Apartment building or complex D22 Rooming or boarding house D23 Trailer court or mobile home park D24 Marina D25 Crew of vessel D26 Housing facility for workers D27 Hotel, motel, resort, spa, YMCA, or YWCA D28 Campground D29 Shelter or mission Custodial Facility: This major category is for an institution that maintains guards, nurses, caretakers, and so forth to preserve the welfare of those individuals resident in the facility. CFCC Description D30 Custodial facility, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D31 Hospital D32 Halfway house D33 Nursing home, retirement home, or home for the aged D34 County home or poor farm D35 Orphanage D36 Jail or detention center D37 Federal penitentiary, State prison, or prison farm Educational or Religious Institution: CFCC Description D40 Educational or religious institution, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D41 Sorority or fraternity D42 Convent or monastery D43 Educational institution, including academy, school, college, and university D44 Religious institution, including church, synagogue, seminary, temple, and mosque Transportation Terminal: The facility where transportation equipment is stored, the destination for travel on the transportation system, or the intermodal connection facility between transportation systems. CFCC Description D50 Transportation terminal, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D51 Airport or airfield D52 Train station D53 Bus terminal D54 Marine terminal D55 Seaplane anchorage Employment Center: This major category is for a location with high density employment. CFCC Description D60 Employment center, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D61 Shopping center or major retail center D62 Industrial building or industrial park D63 Office building or office park D64 Amusement center D65 Government center D66 Other employment center Tower: CFCC Description D70 Tower, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D71 Lookout tower Open Space: This major category contains areas of open space with no inhabitants or with inhabitants restricted to known sites within the area. CFCC Description D80 Open space, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D81 Golf course D82 Cemetery D83 National park or forest D84 Other Federal land D85 State or local park or forest Special Purpose Landmark: Use this category for landmarks not otherwise classified. CFCC Description D90 Special purpose landmark, major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined D91 Post office box ZIP Code(R) Feature Class E, Physical Feature Physical Feature With Category Unknown: Source materials do not allow determination of the physical feature category. This code should not, under most circumstances, be used since the source materials usually provide enough information to determine the major category. CFCC Description E00 Physical feature, tangible but not transportation or hydrographic. The major and minor categories are unknown. Fence: This major category describes a fence that separates property. For example, a fence around a military reservation or prison separates the reservation from civilian land, thus, a fence line is a property line marked by a fence. CFCC Description E10 Fence line locating a visible and permanent fence between separately identified property Topographic Feature: This category refers to topographical features that may be used as boundaries or as a reference for an area. The Census TIGER data base contains topographic features used to define the limits of statistical entities in locations where no other visible feature could be identified. CFCC Description E20 Topographic feature, major category used when the minor category could not be determined E21 Ridge line, the line of highest elevation of a linear mountain E22 Mountain peak, the point of highest elevation of a mountain Feature Class F, Nonvisible Features Definition Applicable to Nonvisible Features Nonvisible features are used to delimit tabulation entities, property areas, and legal and administrative entities. The Census Bureau separately identifies nonvisible boundaries only when they do not follow a visible feature such as a road, stream, or ridge line. Nonvisible Boundary With Classification Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified: CFCC Description F00 Nonvisible boundary, major and minor categories unknown Nonvisible Legal or Administrative Boundary: This major category refers to nonvisible boundaries of legal or administrative areas. CFCC Description F10 Nonvisible jurisdictional boundary of a legal or administrative entity, major category used when the minor category could not be determined F11 Offset boundary of a legal or administrative entity F12 Corridor boundary of a legal or administrative entity F13 Interpolated boundary of a legal or administrative entity used for closure through hydrological areas F14 Superseded legal or administrative boundary F15 Superseded legal or administrative boundary, corrected through post census process Nonvisible Features for Data Base Topology: This category contains various types of nonvisible lines used to maintain the topology in the Census TIGER data base. CFCC Description F20 Nonvisible feature for data base topology, major category used when the minor category could not be determined F21 Automated feature extension to lengthen existing physical feature F22 Irregular feature extension, determined manually, to lengthen existing physical feature F23 Closure extension to complete data base topological closure between extremely close features (used to close small gaps between complete chains and create polygons to improve block labeling on cartographic products) CFCC Description F24 Nonvisible separation line used with offset and corridor boundaries F25 Nonvisible centerline of area enclosed by corridor boundary Point-to-Point Line: CFCC Description F30 Point-to-point line, follows a line of sight and should not cross any visible feature, for example, from the end of a road to a mountain peak. Property Line: CFCC Description F40 Property line, nonvisible boundary of either public or private lands, e.g., a park boundary ZIP Code(R) Boundary: CFCC Description F50 ZIP Code(R) boundary, reserved for future use in delineating ZIP Code(R) Tabulation Areas Map Edge: CFCC Description F60 Map edge, now removed, used during data base creation Nonvisible Statistical Boundary: CFCC Description F70 Statistical boundary, major category used when the minor category could not be determined F71 1980 statistical boundary F72 1990 statistical boundary, used to hold collection and tabulation census block boundaries not represented by existing physical features F73 1990 statistical boundary and extent of land use, it is not classifiable as a physical feature F74 1990 statistical boundary, used to hold a tabulation census block boundary not represented by an existing physical feature Nonvisible Other Tabulation Boundary: CFCC Description F80 Nonvisible other tabulation boundary, major category used when the minor category could not be determined F81 School district tabulation boundary F82 Special census tabulation boundary Feature Class H, Hydrography Basic Hydrography: This category includes shorelines of all water regardless of the classification of the water itself. CFCC Description H00 Water feature, classification unknown or not elsewhere classified H01 Shoreline of perennial water feature H02 Shoreline of intermittent water feature Naturally Flowing Water features: CFCC Description H10 Stream, major category used when the minor category could not be determined H11 Perennial stream or river H12 Intermittent stream, river, or wash H13 Braided stream or river Man-Made Channel to Transport Water: These features are used for purposes such as transportation, irrigation, or navigation. CFCC Description H20 Canal, ditch, or aqueduct, major category used when the minor category could not be determined H21 Perennial canal, ditch, or aqueduct H22 Intermittent canal, ditch, or aqueduct Inland Body of Water: CFCC Description H30 Lake or pond, major category used when the minor category could not be determined H31 Perennial lake or pond H32 Intermittent lake or pond Man-Made Body of Water: CFCC Description H40 Reservoir, major category used when the minor category could not be determined H41 Perennial reservoir H42 Intermittent reservoir Seaward Body of Water: CFCC Description H50 Bay, estuary, gulf, sound, sea, or ocean, major category used when the minor category could not be determined H51 Bay, estuary, gulf, or sound H53 Sea or ocean Body of Water in a Man-Made Excavation: CFCC Description H60 Gravel pit or quarry filled with water Nonvisible Definition Between Water Bodies: The Census Bureau digitizes nonvisible definition boundaries to separate named water areas, for instance, an artificial boundary is drawn to separate a named river from the connecting bay. CFCC Description H70 Nonvisible water area definition boundary, used to separate named water areas and as the major category when the minor category could not be determined H71 USGS closure line, used as maritime shoreline H72 Census water center line, computed to use as median positional boundary H73 Census water boundary, international in waterways or at 12-mile limit, used as area measurement line H74 Census water boundary, separates inland from coastal or Great Lakes, used as area measurement line H75 Census water boundary, separates coastal from territorial at 3-mile limit, used as area measurement line Special Water Feature: Includes area covered by glaciers or snow fields. CFCC Description H80 Special water feature, major category used when the minor category could not be determined H81 Glacier Feature Class X, Not Yet Classified Classification Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified: CFCC Description X00 Feature not yet classified